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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Pregled" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pregled"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Pregled</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pregled-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istorija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istorija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Istorija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istorija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Istorija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istorija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aksijalno_doba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aksijalno_doba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Aksijalno doba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aksijalno_doba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zajednička_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zajednička_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Zajednička era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zajednička_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderna_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderna_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Moderna era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderna_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Novi_materijalizam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novi_materijalizam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Novi materijalizam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novi_materijalizam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naučni_materijalisti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naučni_materijalisti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Naučni materijalisti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naučni_materijalisti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definisanje_materije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisanje_materije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Definisanje materije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisanje_materije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Povezano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Materijalizam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 112 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">112 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%81%E1%88%B5_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%8A%E1%8A%90%E1%89%B5" title="ቁስ አካላዊነት — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቁስ አካላዊነት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مادية — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مادية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87" title="ماديه — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماديه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismu" title="Materialismu — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Materialismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializm" title="Materializm — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Materializm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ماتریالیزم — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماتریالیزم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mater%C4%93l%C4%97zmos" title="Materēlėzmos — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Materēlėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Матэрыялізм — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Матэрыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Матэрыялізм — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Матэрыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Материализъм — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Материализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="বস্তুবাদ — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বস্তুবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danvezelouriezh" title="Danvezelouriezh — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Danvezelouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materijalizam" title="Materijalizam — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Materijalizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%B5%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ماتریاڵیزم — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ماتریاڵیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materoliaeth" title="Materoliaeth — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Materoliaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Υλισμός — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiismo" title="Materiismo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Materiismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ماده‌باوری — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماده‌باوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismi" title="Materialismi — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Materialismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat%C3%A9rialisme" title="Matérialisme — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Matérialisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81bharachas" title="Ábharachas — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ábharachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="唯物主義 — gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="唯物主義" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="מטריאליזם — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מטריאליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="भौतिकवाद — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भौतिकवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materijalizam" title="Materijalizam — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Materijalizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializmus" title="Materializmus — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Materializmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Մատերիալիզմ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մատերիալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%E1%BB%A5k%E1%BB%8Dnd%E1%BB%A5%CC%80onye" title="Akụkọndụ̀onye — Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Akụkọndụ̀onye" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnishyggja" title="Efnishyggja — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnishyggja" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%89%A9%E8%AB%96" title="唯物論 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="唯物論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მატერიალიზმი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მატერიალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializm" title="Materializm — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Materializm" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A1%A0" title="유물론 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유물론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materyal%C3%AEzm" title="Materyalîzm — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Materyalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okusoosowaza_ebyenfuna_(materialism)" title="Okusoosowaza ebyenfuna (materialism) — Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Okusoosowaza ebyenfuna (materialism)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializmas" title="Materializmas — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Materializmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materi%C4%81lisms" title="Materiālisms — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Materiālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisma" title="Materialisma — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Materialisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Материјализам — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Материјализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൗതികവാദം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൗതികവാദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="ماتریالیسم — mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ماتریالیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismus" title="Materialismus — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Materialismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme_(filosofie)" title="Materialisme (filosofie) — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Materialisme (filosofie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialisme" title="Materialisme — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Materialisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanneettummaa" title="Wanneettummaa — Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Wanneettummaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਪਦਾਰਥਵਾਦ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਦਾਰਥਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializm" title="Materializm — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Materializm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="میٹیریلزم — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میٹیریلزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialismo" title="Materialismo — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Materialismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Матеріалізм — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Матеріалізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="ماديت پسندي — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماديت پسندي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializmus" title="Materializmus — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Materializmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializem" title="Materializem — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Materializem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbayo" title="Mbayo — Šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mbayo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializmi" title="Materializmi — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Materializmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Материјализам — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Материјализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Materialism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyakinifu" title="Uyakinifu — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uyakinifu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பொருள்முதல் வாதம் — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொருள்முதல் வாதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="วัตถุนิยม — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัตถุนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materyalismo" title="Materyalismo — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Materyalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materyalizm" title="Materyalizm — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Materyalizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Материализм — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Материализм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Матеріалізм — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Матеріалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مادیت — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مادیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializm" title="Materializm — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Materializm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materializm" title="Materializm — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Materializm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_duy_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Chủ nghĩa duy vật — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa duy vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materyalismo" title="Materyalismo — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Materyalismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="唯物主义 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="唯物主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="מאטעריאליזם — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאטעריאליזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="唯物主义 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="唯物主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Bi-bu%CC%8Dt-l%C5%ABn" title="Ûi-bu̍t-lūn — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ûi-bu̍t-lūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%89%A9%E8%AB%96" title="唯物論 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="唯物論" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7081#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Materijalizam" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Materijalizam" rel="discussion" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Materijalizam"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Materijalizam"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=history"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Opšte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Materijalizam" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Materijalizam" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&oldid=42166753" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Materijalizam&id=42166753&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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data-file-width="1899" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Ovaj članak ili jedan njegov dio nije preveden ili je samo djelimično preveden.</b><br /> Ako smatrate da ste sposobni prevesti ga, pogledajte kako uređivati članak, kliknite na link <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit">uredi</a></span></b> i prevedite ga vodeći računa o standardima Wikipedije i srpskohrvatskog jezika.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Materijalizam</b> je <a href="/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija">filozofski</a> pravac koji <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">materiju</a> (stvar) smatra osnovom svega. Riječ je <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Grčki jezik">grčkog</a> podrijetla. Suprotno materijalizmu je <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizam</a>. Popularna definicija materijalizma se tumači kao pohlepa ka materijalnim stvarima (objektima od velike materijalne vrijednosti) te se obično koristi kao suprotnost razumjevanju da su duhovne i nematerijalne vrijednosti značajnije od materijalnih. </p><p>Materijalizam je forma <a href="/wiki/Monizam" title="Monizam">filozofskog monizma</a> koji smatra da je <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">materija</a> fundamentalna <a href="/wiki/Hemijska_supstanca" title="Hemijska supstanca">supstanca</a> u <a href="/wiki/Priroda" title="Priroda">prirodi</a>, i da su sve stvari, uključujući <a href="/wiki/Um" title="Um">mentalne aspekte</a> i <a href="/wiki/Svest" title="Svest">svest</a>, rezultati materijalnih interakcija. U kontrastu sa <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizmom</a>, materijalizam priznaje primat materijala, a ne svesti. To znači da materijal postoji <i>pre</i> svesti, da materijal kreira i određuje svest, a ne obrnuto. Materijalisti smatraju da je materijal ultimatno mesto porekla postojećeg sveta, i oni teže objašnjavanju sveta putem materijalističkog razmišljanja. </p><p>Materijalističke teorije se prevashodno dele u tri grupe. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naivni_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naivni materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">Naivni materijalizam</a> identifikuje materijalni svet sa specifičnim elementima (vatra, voda, metal, zemlja ...). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafizi%C4%8Dki_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metafizički materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">Metafizički materijalizam</a> ispituje zasebne delove sveta kao statička, izolovana okruženja. <a href="/wiki/Dijalekti%C4%8Dki_materijalizam" title="Dijalektički materijalizam">Dijalektički materijalizam</a> prilagođava Hegelijansku dijalektiku materijalizma, ispitujući delove sveta u njihovim međusobnim odnosima unutar dinamičkog okruženja. </p><p>Materijalizam je blisko srodan sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fizikalizmam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fizikalizmam (stranica ne postoji)">fizikalizmom</a>, stanovištem da je sve što postoji ultimativno fizičko. Filozofski fizikalizam je evoluirao iz materijalizma sa otkrićima fizičkih nauka da bi se inkorporirala sofistikovanija shvatanja fizikalnosti od same obične materije, kao što su: <a href="/wiki/Prostor-vreme" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostor-vreme">vreme-prostor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">fizičke energije</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">sile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamna_materija" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamna materija">tamna materija</a>, itd. Stoga je neki preferentno koriste termin „fizikalizam” u odnosu na „materijalizam”, dok drugi koriste termine kao <a href="/wiki/Sinonim" title="Sinonim">sinonime</a>. </p><p>Filozofije u kontradiktornosti materijalizmom ili fizikalizmom obuhvataju <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluralism_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluralism (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">pluralizam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dualizam" title="Dualizam">dualizam</a>, i druge forme <a href="/wiki/Monizam" title="Monizam">monizma</a>. </p><p>Materijalizam je <a href="/wiki/Filozofija" title="Filozofija">filozofski</a> pravac koji materiju smatra osnovom svega. Tvorac <a href="/wiki/Marksizam" title="Marksizam">marksističke ideologije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Marks">Karl Marks</a>, tumačio je svet i zakone u njemu tako što je materijalističke uslove života istakao kao pokretače svetske istorije. Zbog toga se njegovo učenje naziva <i>materijalističko</i>. Suprotno materijalizmu je <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizam</a>. Popularna definicija materijalizma se tumači kao pohlepa ka materijalnim stvarima (objektima od velike materijalne vrednosti) te se obično koristi kao suprotnost razumevanju da su duhovne i nematerijalne vrednosti značajnije od materijalnih. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pregled">Pregled</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Pregled" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Pregled"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/220px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/330px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg/440px-Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="817" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rene_Dekart" class="mw-redirect" title="Rene Dekart">Rene Dekart</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Materijalizam pripada klasi <a href="/wiki/Monizam" title="Monizam">monističkih</a> <a href="/wiki/Ontologija" title="Ontologija">ontologija</a>. Kao takav, on se razlikuje od ontoloških teorija baziranih na <a href="/wiki/Dualizam" title="Dualizam">dualizmu</a> ili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluralizam_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluralizam (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">pluralizmu</a>. Za jednostavna objašnjenja fenomenske realnosti, materijalizam bi bio u kontrastu sa <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizmom</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralni_monizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neutralni monizam (stranica ne postoji)">neutralnim monizmom</a>, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spiritualizam_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spiritualizam (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">spiritualizmom</a>. </p><p>Uprkos velikog broja filozofskih škola i suptilnim nijansama između mnogih,<sup id="cite_ref-Edwards1972_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edwards1972-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Priest1991_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Priest1991-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Novack1979_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novack1979-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> za sve filozofe se kaže da spadaju u jednu od dve primarne kategorije, koje su definisane u kontrastu jedna s drugom: idealizam i materijalizam. Osnovni predlog ove dve kategorije odnosi se na prirodu stvarnosti, a primarna razlika između njih je način na koji odgovaraju na dva osnovna pitanja: „od čega se stvarnost sastoji?” i „od čega potiče?” Za idealiste, duh ili um ili objekti uma (ideje) su primarni, a materija je sekundarna. Materijalistima, materija je primarna, a um ili duh su sekundarni, proizvod materije koji deluje na materiju.<sup id="cite_ref-Novack1979_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novack1979-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Materijalističko gledište je verovatno najbolje shvaćeno u smislu njegove opozicije istorijskim doktrinama nematerijalne supstance primenjene na um, poput one koju je koncipirao <a href="/wiki/Rene_Dekart" class="mw-redirect" title="Rene Dekart">Rene Dekart</a>. Međutim, sam po sebi materijalizam ne kaže ništa o tome kako materijalna supstanca treba da bude karakterisana. U praksi, on je često poprimao jedan od varijeteta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fizikalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fizikalizam (stranica ne postoji)">fizikalizma</a>. </p><p>Materijalizam se često asocira sa <a href="/wiki/Redukcionizam" title="Redukcionizam">redukcionizmom</a>, prema kome su objekti ili fenomeni individualizovani na jednom nivou opisa, ako su oni izvorni, onda moraju biti objašnjivi u smislu predmeta ili pojava na nekom drugom nivou opisa - tipično na nižem nivou. <i>Nereduktivni materijalizam</i> eksplicitno odbacuje ovaj stav, i uzima da je materijalna konstitucija svih činilaca konzistentna sa postojanjem realnih objekata, svojstava, ili fenomena koji nisu objašnjivi u smislu kanonički korištenih termina za osnovne konstituente materijala. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_Fodor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry Fodor (stranica ne postoji)">Džeri Fodor</a> je uticajno zastupao ovaj stav, prema kome su empirijski zakoni i objašnjenja u „specijalnim naukama” poput psihologije ili geologije nevidljivi sa perspektive bazične fizike. Znatna količina energične literature je nastala oko relacije između ovih stavova. </p><p>Moderni filozofski materijalisti produžavaju definiciju drugih naučno uočljivih entiteta kao što su <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">energija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">sile</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Zakrivljenost" title="Zakrivljenost">zakrivljenost prostora</a>. Međutim filozofi kao što je <a href="/wiki/Mary_Midgley" title="Mary Midgley">Meri Midgli</a> sugerišu da je koncept „materije” nedostižan i slabo definisan.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Materijalizam je tipično u kontrastu sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dualizam_(filozofija_uma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dualizam (filozofija uma) (stranica ne postoji)">dualizmom</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenomenalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenomenalizam (stranica ne postoji)">fenomenalizmom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">idealizmom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitalizam" title="Vitalizam">vitalizmom</a>, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_dvostrukog_aspekta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija dvostrukog aspekta (stranica ne postoji)">monizmom dualnog aspekta</a>. Njegova materijalnost može, na više načina, da bude povezana sa konceptom <a href="/wiki/Determinizam" title="Determinizam">determinizma</a>, kao što su naglašavali mislioci doba <a href="/wiki/Prosvetiteljstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosvetiteljstvo">prosvetiteljstva</a>. </p><p>Tokom 19. veka, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Marks">Karl Marks</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fridrih_Engels" class="mw-redirect" title="Fridrih Engels">Fridrih Engels</a> su proširili koncept materijalizma i razradili <i>materijalističku koncepciju istorije</i> centriranu na grubo empirijskom svetu ljudskog delovanja (praksi, uključujući rad) i <a href="/wiki/Ustanova" class="mw-redirect" title="Ustanova">institucijama</a> kreiranim, reprodukovanim, ili uništenim tom aktivnošću (pogledajte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istorijski_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istorijski materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">materijalističko shvatanje istorije</a>). Kasniji Marksisti, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenjin" title="Vladimir Lenjin">Vladimir Lenjin</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lav_Trocki" title="Lav Trocki">Lav Trocki</a> su razvili pojam <a href="/wiki/Dijalekti%C4%8Dki_materijalizam" title="Dijalektički materijalizam">dijalektičkog materijalizma</a> koji je kasnije postao karakterističan za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marksisti%C4%8Dka_filozofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marksistička filozofija (stranica ne postoji)">Marksističku filozofiju</a> i metod. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorija">Istorija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istorija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aksijalno_doba">Aksijalno doba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Aksijalno doba" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Aksijalno doba"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Materijalizam je razvijen, verovatno nezavisno, u nekoliko geografski zasebnih regiona <a href="/wiki/Evroazija" class="mw-redirect" title="Evroazija">Evroazije</a> tokom toga što je <a href="/wiki/Karl_Jaspers" title="Karl Jaspers">Karl Jaspers</a> nazvao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksijalno_doba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksijalno doba (stranica ne postoji)">aksijalno doba</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 800–200. p. n. e.). </p><p>U <a href="/wiki/Istorija_Indije" class="mw-redirect" title="Istorija Indije">drevnoj indijskoj</a> <a href="/wiki/Indijska_filozofija" title="Indijska filozofija">filozofiji</a>, materijalizam razvijen oko 600. p. n. e. u radovima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajita_Kesakambali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajita Kesakambali (stranica ne postoji)">Ajita Kesakambalija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Payasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Payasi (stranica ne postoji)">Pajasija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanada_(filozof)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanada (filozof) (stranica ne postoji)">Kanade</a>, i proponenata <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C4%81rv%C4%81ka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cārvāka (stranica ne postoji)">Čarvakove</a> škole filozofije. Kanada je postao jedan od ranih proponenata <a href="/wiki/Atomizam" title="Atomizam">atomizma</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyaya (stranica ne postoji)">Njaja</a>–<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaisesika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaisesika (stranica ne postoji)">Vajšešikova</a> škola (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 600–100. p. n. e.) je razvila jednu od najranijih formi atomizma, mada njihovi dokazi Boga i njihovo stanovište da svest nije materijalna sprečava njihovo svrstavanje među materijaliste. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Budisti%C4%8Dki_atomizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budistički atomizam (stranica ne postoji)">Budistički atomizam</a> i <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEainizam" title="Džainizam">Đainistička</a> škola su nastavili sa atomističkom tradicijom. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjuenci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjuenci (stranica ne postoji)">Sjuenci</a> (oko 312–230. p. n. e.) razvio je <a href="/wiki/Konfu%C4%8Dijanstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Konfučijanstvo">konfučijansku</a> doktrinu centriranu na realizmu i materijalizmu u drevnoj Kini. </p><p>Drevni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drevna_gr%C4%8Dka_filozofija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drevna grčka filozofija (stranica ne postoji)">grčki filozofi</a> kao što su <a href="/wiki/Tales_iz_Mileta" class="mw-redirect" title="Tales iz Mileta">Tales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anaksagora" title="Anaksagora">Anaksagora</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 500 – 428. p. n. e.), <a href="/wiki/Epikur" title="Epikur">Epikur</a> i <a href="/wiki/Demokrit" title="Demokrit">Demokrit</a> postavili su osnov kasnijim materijalistima. Latinska poema <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Rerum_Natura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Rerum Natura (stranica ne postoji)">De Rerum Natura</a></i> koji je napisao <a href="/wiki/Lukrecije" class="mw-redirect" title="Lukrecije">Lukrecije</a> (ca. 99. p. n. e. – ca. 55. p. n. e.) odražava <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehanizam_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehanizam (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">mehanističku</a> filozofiju Demokrita i Epikura. Prema ovom gledištu, sve što postoji je materija i praznina, i svi fenomeni proizilaze i različitih kretanja i konglomeracija osnovnih materijalnih čestica zvanih „atomi” (doslovno: nevidljive čestice). <i>De Rerum Natura</i> pruža mehanistička objašnjenja za fenomene kao što su erozija, isparavanje, vetar i zvuk. Poznati principi kao što je „ništa ne može dotaći telo osim tela” su se prvi put pojavili u radovima Lukrecija. Demokrit i Epikur s druge strane se nisu pridržavali monističke ontologije pošto su oni smatrali da postoji ontološka separacija materije i prostora, tj. prostor je tretiran kao „drugi vid” postojanja, što daje indikaciju da je definicija „materijalizma” prevazilazi opseg ovog članka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zajednička_era"><span id="Zajedni.C4.8Dka_era"></span>Zajednička era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Zajednička era" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zajednička era"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kineski mislioci iz rane zajedničke ere koji se smatraju materijalistima su između ostalih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jang_Sjung_(autor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jang Sjung (autor) (stranica ne postoji)">Jang Sjung</a> (53. p. n. e. – 18.) i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vang_%C4%8Cung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vang Čung (stranica ne postoji)">Vang Čung</a> (c 27—100). </p><p>Kasni indijski materijalista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jayaraashi_Bhatta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jayaraashi Bhatta (stranica ne postoji)">Jajaraši Bata</a> (6. vek) u svom radu <i>Tattvopaplavasimha</i> („Uznemiravanje svih principa”) je opovrgao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyaya_Sutra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyaya Sutra (stranica ne postoji)">Njaja Sutrinu</a> epistemologiju. Materijalistička <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C4%81rv%C4%81ka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cārvāka (stranica ne postoji)">Čarvakova</a> filozofija je zamrla nakon 1400. Kad je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madhavacharya_of_Sringeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madhavacharya of Sringeri (stranica ne postoji)">Madavačarja</a> kompilirao <i>Sarva-darśana-samgraha</i> (pregled svih filozofija) u 14. veku, on nije imao Čarvakov/Lokajata tekst da koristi kao izvor citata, pa čak ni kao referencu.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U ranom 12. veku u <a href="/wiki/Al_Andaluz" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Andaluz">Al Andaluzu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rana_islamska_filozofija" title="Rana islamska filozofija">arapski filozof</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Tufejl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Tufejl (stranica ne postoji)">Ibn Tufejl</a> (Abubacer), napisao je diskusiju o materijalizmu u svom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofski_roman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofski roman (stranica ne postoji)">filozofskom romanu</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hayy_ibn_Yaqdhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (stranica ne postoji)">Hayy ibn Yaqdhan</a></i> (<i>Philosophus Autodidactus</i>), gde nejasno predskazuje ideju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istorijski_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istorijski materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">istorijskog materijalizma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Urvoy_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urvoy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moderna_era">Moderna era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Moderna era" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Moderna era"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Francuski sveštenik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Gassendi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Gassendi (stranica ne postoji)">Pjer Gasendi</a> (1592–1665) predstavljao je materijalističku tradiciju u suprotnosti sa pokušajima <a href="/wiki/Rene_Dekart" class="mw-redirect" title="Rene Dekart">Rene Dekarta</a> (1596–1650) da pruži <a href="/wiki/Prirodne_nauke" title="Prirodne nauke">prirodnim naukama</a> <a href="/wiki/Dualizam" title="Dualizam">dualističke</a> fondacije. Njima su sledeli materijalista <a href="/wiki/Ateizam" title="Ateizam">ateista</a> <i>abbé</i> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDan_Melije" class="mw-redirect" title="Žan Melije">Žan Melije</a> (1664–1729), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julien_Offray_de_La_Mettrie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julien Offray de La Mettrie (stranica ne postoji)">Žilijen Ofre de la Metri</a>, nemačko-francuski Pol-Henri Tiri <a href="/wiki/Baron_Holbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron Holbah">Baron Holbah</a> (1723–1789), enciklopedista <a href="/wiki/Deni_Didro" class="mw-redirect" title="Deni Didro">Deni Didro</a> (1713–1784), i drugi francuski <a href="/wiki/Prosvetiteljstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosvetiteljstvo">prosvetiteljski</a> mislioci; kao i (u Engleskoj) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walking_Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walking Stewart (stranica ne postoji)">Džon „Voking” Stjuart</a> (1747–1822), čije insistiranje na smatranju materije obdarenom <a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">moralnom</a> dimenzijom je imalo znatan uticaj na filozofsku poeziju <a href="/wiki/Vilijam_Vordsvort" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilijam Vordsvort">Vilijama Vordsvorta</a> (1770–1850). </p><p>Nemački materijalista i ateistički antropolog <a href="/wiki/Ludvig_Fojerbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludvig Fojerbah">Ludvig Fojerbah</a> je proizveo novi zaokret u materijalizmu putem svoje knjige, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Essence_of_Christianity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Essence of Christianity (stranica ne postoji)">Suština hrišćanstva</a></i> (1841), koja predstavlja <a href="/wiki/Humanizam" title="Humanizam">humanističku</a> perspektivu religije kao spoljašnju projekciju čovekove unutrašnjosti. Fojerbahov materijalizam će kasnije imati snažan uticaj na <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Marks">Karla Marksa</a>, koji je razradio koncept <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istorijski_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istorijski materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">istorijskog materijalizma</a>, što je osnova platforme koju su Marks i Engels opisali kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nau%C4%8Dni_socijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naučni socijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">naučni socijalizam</a>: </p> <div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style=";"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r40840487">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{margin:0.5em auto 0.8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft p,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright p{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{background-color:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;font-size:larger;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{min-width:100%;margin:0 0 0.8em!important}}</style> <div class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style="">Materijalističko shvatanje istorije počinje od tvrdnje da je proizvodnja sredstava za podršku ljudskog života i, pored proizvodnje, razmena proizvedenih stvari osnova svih društvenih struktura; da je u svakom društvu koje se pojavilo u istoriji, način na koji je bogatstvo distribuirano i društvo podeljeno na klase ili redove zavisan od toga šta se proizvodi, kako se proizvodi, i kako se proizvodi razmenjuju. Sa ove tačke gledišta, konačne uzroke svih društvenih promena i političkih revolucija treba tražiti, ne u ljudskim mozgovima, ne u čovekovim poboljšanim uvidima u večnu istinu i pravdu, već u promenama u načina proizvodnje i razmene. Njih treba tražiti, ne u filozofiji, već u ekonomiji svake pojedinačne epohe.</div> <p><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Fridrih Engels, Socijalizam: naučni i utopijski</cite> </p> </div> <p>Kasnije je <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenjin" title="Vladimir Lenjin">Vladimir Lenjin</a> izložio filozofski materijalizam u svojoj knjizi <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam_i_empiriokriticizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Materijalizam i empiriokriticizam (stranica ne postoji)">Materijalizam i empiriokriticizam</a></i>, kojim su povezane političke koncepcije koje su izneli njegovi oponenti u svojim antimaterijalističkim filozofijama. U tom radu je Lenjin pokušao da pruži odgovor na pitanja o materiji, postojanju, senzacijama, prostoru i vremenu, uzročnosti i slobodi. </p><p>Mislioci iz bliže prošlosti kao što je <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDil_Delez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žil Delez (stranica ne postoji)">Žil Delez</a> su pokušali da prerade i ojačaju ideje klasičnog materijalizma.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Savremeni teoretičari kao što je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manuel_DeLanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manuel DeLanda (stranica ne postoji)">Manuel DeLanda</a>, koji rade na ovom oživljenom materijalizmu, klasifikuju se kao „novi materijalisti” po ubeđenju.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novi_materijalizam">Novi materijalizam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Novi materijalizam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Novi materijalizam"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>„Novi materijalizam” je postao specijalizovano potpolje znanja. Veći univerziteti nude kurseve iz ove oblasti. Brojne konferencije, uređene zbirke i monografije su posvećene tome. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Bennett_(political_theorist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Bennett (political theorist) (stranica ne postoji)">Džejn Benetova</a> knjiga „Vibrantna materija” (Duke University Press, 2010) posebno je bila instrumentalna u prenošenju teorija monističke ontologije i vitalizma nazad u kritički teorijski sklop kojim su dominirale poststrukturalističke teorije jezika i diskursa.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naučnici kao što su Mel Čen i Zakija Iman Džakson, su međutim kritikovali to telo nove materijalističke literature posebno zbog njenog zanemarivanja razmatranja materijalnosti rase i roda.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drugi učenjaci kao što je Helena Vosters su preispitivali da li postoji nešto posebno „novo” u „novom materijalizmu”, jer autohtone i druge animističke ontologije potvrđuju ono što se vekovima moglo nazivati „vibracijom materije”.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naučni_materijalisti"><span id="Nau.C4.8Dni_materijalisti"></span>Naučni materijalisti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Naučni materijalisti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Naučni materijalisti"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Vidi takođe: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fizikalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fizikalizam (stranica ne postoji)">Fizikalizam</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nau%C4%8Dni_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naučni materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">Naučni materijalizam</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p>Mnogi sadašnji i nedavni filozofi, npr. <a href="/wiki/Danijel_Denet" class="mw-redirect" title="Danijel Denet">Danijel Denet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vilard_Van_Orman_Kvajn" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilard Van Orman Kvajn">Vilard Van Orman Kvajn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Davidson_(philosopher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Davidson (philosopher) (stranica ne postoji)">Donald Dejvidson</a>, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_Fodor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry Fodor (stranica ne postoji)">Džeri Fodor</a>, funkcionišu u široko fizičkom ili materijalističkom okviru, stvarajući rivalske perspektive o najboljoj integraciji koncepta <a href="/wiki/Um" title="Um">uma</a>, uključujući <a href="/w/index.php?title=Funkcionalizam_(filozofija_uma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Funkcionalizam (filozofija uma) (stranica ne postoji)">funkcionalizam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anomalni_monizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anomalni monizam (stranica ne postoji)">anomalni monizam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_identiteta_uma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija identiteta uma (stranica ne postoji)">teoriju identiteta</a>, itd.<sup id="cite_ref-StandfordEM_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StandfordEM-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Naučni materijalizam je često sinoniman sa, i do sada je bio opisan, kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reduktivni_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reduktivni materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">reduktivni materijalizam</a>. Zadnjih godina, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Churchland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Churchland (stranica ne postoji)">Pol</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Churchland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patricia Churchland (stranica ne postoji)">Patriša Čerčland</a> zagovarali su radikalno kontrastnu poziciju (bar, u pogledu određenih hipoteza); <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliminativni_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliminativni materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">eliminativni materijalizam</a> tvrdi da neki mentalni fenomeni jednostavno uopšte ne postoje, a da razgovor o tim mentalnim fenomenima odražava potpuno lažnu „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Narodna_psihologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narodna psihologija (stranica ne postoji)">narodnu psihologiju</a>” i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Introspektivna_iluzija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Introspektivna iluzija (stranica ne postoji)">introspektivnu iluziju</a>. Drugim rečima, eliminativni materijalisti smatraju da koncepti poput „verovanja” jednostavno nemaju osnovu u činjenicama — način na koji narodna nauka govori o bolesti uzrokovanoj demonima je jedan od očevidnih primera. Reduktivni materijalizam predstavlja jedan kraj kontinuuma (naše teorije će biti „redukovane” do činjenica), a eliminativni materijalizam je na drugom kraju (pojedine teorije treba <i>eliminisati</i> u svetlu novih činjenica), dok je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revizorski_materijalizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revizorski materijalizam (stranica ne postoji)">revizorski materijalizam</a> negde u sredini.<sup id="cite_ref-StandfordEM_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StandfordEM-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definisanje_materije">Definisanje materije</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Definisanje materije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Definisanje materije"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Priroda i definicija materije — poput drugih ključnih koncepata u nauci i filozofiji — je izazvala mnoge debate.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Da li postoji jedna vrsta materije od koje je sve napravljeno, ili postoji više vrsta? Da li je materija kontinuirana supstanca sa sposobnošću poprimanja više formi (<a href="/wiki/Hilomorfizam" title="Hilomorfizam">hilomorfizam</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ili niz diskretnih, nepromenljivih sastojaka (<a href="/wiki/Atomizam" title="Atomizam">atomizam</a>)?<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Da li ima unutrašnje osobine (<a href="/wiki/Hemijska_supstanca" title="Hemijska supstanca">teorija supstance</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ili ih nema ( <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supstrat_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supstrat (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)"><i>prima materia</i></a>)? </p><p>Jedan izazov tradicionalnom konceptu materije kao opipljivim „stvarima” došao je sa razvojem <a href="/wiki/Polje_(fizika)" title="Polje (fizika)">fizike polja</a> u 19. veku. <a href="/wiki/Specijalna_teorija_relativnosti" title="Specijalna teorija relativnosti">Teorija relativnosti</a> pokazuje da su materija i energija (uključujući prostorno distribuiranu energiju polja) izmenjive. To omogućava ontološko stanovište da je energija primarna materija i da je materija jedna od njenih formi. S druge strane, standardni model fizike elementarnih čestica koristi <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_teorija_polja" title="Kvantna teorija polja">kvantnu teoriju polja</a> za opisivanje svih interakcija. Po tom gledištu može se reći da su polja primarna materija i da je energija svojstvo polja. </p><p>Prema dominantnom kosmološkom modelu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_lambda_-_CDM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model lambda - CDM (stranica ne postoji)">lambda-CDM modelu</a>, manje od 5% energetske gustine svemira je sačinjeno od „materije” opisane standardnim modelom fizike elementarnih čestica, i najveći deo svemira se sastoji od <a href="/wiki/Tamna_materija" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamna materija">tamne materije</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tamna_energija" title="Tamna energija">tamne energije</a> — sa veoma malo saglasnosti među naučnicima u pogledu njihove kompozicije.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sa napretkom kvantne fizike, neki naučnici su smatrali da se koncept materije veoma malo promenio, dok su drugi smatrali da se konvencionalno gledište ne može više održavati. Na primer <a href="/wiki/Verner_Hajzenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Verner Hajzenberg">Verner Hajzenberg</a> je rekao „Ontologija materijalizma počiva na iluziji da se vrsta egzistencije, direktne „stvarnosti” sveta oko nas, može ekstrapolirati na atomski opseg. Ova ekstrapolacija, međutim, nije moguća ... atomi nisu stvari.” Shodno tome, neki filozofi smatraju da ove dihotomije zahtevaju prelazak sa materijalizma na fizikalizam, dok drugi koriste pojmove „materijalizam” i „fizikalizam” u sinonimnom maniru.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Koncept materije se menjao u responsu na naučna otkrića. Stoga materijalizam nema definitivni kontent koji je nezavisan od date teorije materije na kojoj se zasnivan. Prema <a href="/wiki/Noam_%C4%8Comski" class="mw-redirect" title="Noam Čomski">Noamu Čomskom</a>, svako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Svojstvo_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svojstvo (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">svojstvo</a> se može smatrati materijalnim, ako se materija definiše na takav način da ima to svojstvo.<sup id="cite_ref-Chomsky,_Noam_2000_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chomsky,_Noam_2000-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556881">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dijalekti%C4%8Dki_materijalizam" title="Dijalektički materijalizam">Dijalektički materijalizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idealizam" title="Idealizam">Idealizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subjektivni_idealizam" title="Subjektivni idealizam">Subjektivni idealizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apsolutni_idealizam" title="Apsolutni idealizam">Apsolutni idealizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metafizi%C4%8Dki_naturalizam" title="Metafizički naturalizam">Metafizički naturalizam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalizam_(filozofija)" title="Naturalizam (filozofija)">Naturalizam (filozofija)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filozofija_duha" class="mw-redirect" title="Filozofija duha">Filozofija duha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energetski_nivoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Energetski nivoi">Energetski nivoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemijska_supstanca" title="Hemijska supstanca">Hemijska supstanca</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Edwards1972-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Edwards1972_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Edwards_(philosopher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Edwards (philosopher) (stranica ne postoji)">Edwards, Paul</a>, ur. (1972) [1967]. <i>The Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. <b>Vols.1-4</b>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5">978-0-02-894950-5</a>(Originally published 1967 in 8 volumes)</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=1972&rft.volume=Vols.1-4&rft.isbn=978-0-02-894950-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Alternative. <span class="citation book">. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5">978-0-02-894950-5</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rft.isbn=978-0-02-894950-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Priest1991-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Priest1991_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Books (stranica ne postoji)">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.place=London&rft.pub=%5B%5BPenguin+Books%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Alternative. <span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Novack1979-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Novack1979_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Novack1979_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Novack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Novack (stranica ne postoji)">Novack, George</a> (1979). <i>The Origins of Materialism</i>. New York: Pathfinder Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-87348-022-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-87348-022-2">978-0-87348-022-2</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Materialism&rft.aulast=Novack&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Novack%2C%26%2332%3BGeorge&rft.date=1979&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Pathfinder+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-87348-022-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Midgley" title="Mary Midgley">Mary Midgley</a> <i>The Myths We Live By</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carvaka4india.com/2011/12/history-of-indian-materialism.html"><i>History of Indian Materialism</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414150545/http://www.carvaka4india.com/2011/12/history-of-indian-materialism.html">Arhivirano</a> 2018-04-14 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, Ramakrishna Bhattacharya</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urvoy-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Urvoy_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dominique Urvoy, "The Rationality of Everyday Life: The Andalusian Tradition? (Aropos of Hayy's First Experiences)", in Lawrence I. Conrad (1996), <i>The World of Ibn Tufayl: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Ḥayy Ibn Yaqẓān</i>. str. 38–46, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <span class="citation book">Fah̲Rī, Mağīd (January 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ethicaltheoriesi0000fakh"><i>Ethical Theories in Islam</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-90-04-09300-3" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-90-04-09300-3">978-90-04-09300-3</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethical+Theories+in+Islam&rft.aulast=Fah%CC%B2R%C4%AB&rft.aufirst=Ma%C4%9F%C4%ABd&rft.au=Fah%CC%B2R%C4%AB%2C%26%2332%3BMa%C4%9F%C4%ABd&rft.date=January+1991&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09300-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fethicaltheoriesi0000fakh&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Smith, Daniel; Protevi, John (2015). Zalta, Edward N.. ur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/deleuze/"><i>Gilles Deleuze</i></a> (Winter 2015 izd.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gilles+Deleuze&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Smith%2C%26%2332%3BDaniel&rft.au=Protevi%2C%26%2332%3BJohn&rft.date=2015&rft.edition=Winter+2015&rft.pub=Metaphysics+Research+Lab%2C+Stanford+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Fwin2015%2Fentries%2Fdeleuze%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Dolphijn, Rick; Tuin, Iris van der (1. 1. 2013.) (EN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.openhumanitiespress.org/books/titles/new-materialism/"><i>New Materialism: Interviews & Cartographies</i></a>. Open Humanites Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9781607852810" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9781607852810">9781607852810</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Materialism%3A+Interviews+%26+Cartographies&rft.aulast=Dolphijn&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.au=Dolphijn%2C%26%2332%3BRick&rft.au=Tuin%2C%26%2332%3BIris+van+der&rft.date=1.+1.+2013.&rft.pub=Open+Humanites+Press&rft.isbn=9781607852810&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.openhumanitiespress.org%2Fbooks%2Ftitles%2Fnew-materialism%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Bennett, Jane (2010) (en). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OcUcmAEACAAJ"><i>Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things</i></a>. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780822346333" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780822346333">9780822346333</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vibrant+Matter%3A+A+Political+Ecology+of+Things&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.au=Bennett%2C%26%2332%3BJane&rft.date=2010&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.isbn=9780822346333&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOcUcmAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Jackson, Zakiyyah Iman (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/6169668">„Animal: New Directions in the Theorization of Race and Posthumanism”</a>. <i>Feminist Studies</i> <b>39</b> (3): 669. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1353%2Ffem.2013.0024">10.1353/fem.2013.0024</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 8. 5. 2016</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Animal%3A+New+Directions+in+the+Theorization+of+Race+and+Posthumanism&rft.jtitle=Feminist+Studies&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Zakiyyah+Iman&rft.au=Jackson%2C%26%2332%3BZakiyyah+Iman&rft.date=2013&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=669&rft_id=info:doi/10.1353%2Ffem.2013.0024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F6169668&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Chen, Mel Y. (2012) (en). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y793tgAACAAJ"><i>Animacies: Biopolitics, Racial Mattering, and Queer Affect</i></a>. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780822352549" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780822352549">9780822352549</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Animacies%3A+Biopolitics%2C+Racial+Mattering%2C+and+Queer+Affect&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Mel+Y.&rft.au=Chen%2C%26%2332%3BMel+Y.&rft.date=2012&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.isbn=9780822352549&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY793tgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Schweitzer, M.; Zerdy, J. (2014) (en). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MEJvBAAAQBAJ"><i>Performing Objects and Theatrical Things</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9781137402455" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9781137402455">9781137402455</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Performing+Objects+and+Theatrical+Things&rft.aulast=Schweitzer&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Schweitzer%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.au=Zerdy%2C%26%2332%3BJ.&rft.date=2014&rft.pub=Springer&rft.isbn=9781137402455&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMEJvBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StandfordEM-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-StandfordEM_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-StandfordEM_13-1">13,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/materialism-eliminative/#SpeProFolPsy,by">http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/materialism-eliminative/#SpeProFolPsy,by</a> William Ramsey</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <span class="citation book">„<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource:Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Matter" class="extiw" title="en:Wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Matter">Matter</a>”. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catholic Encyclopedia (stranica ne postoji)">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=%5B%5B%3Aen%3AWikisource%3ACatholic+Encyclopedia+%281913%29%2FMatter%7CMatter%5D%5D&rft.atitle=%5B%5BCatholic+Encyclopedia%5D%5D&rft.date=1913&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9041771">"Hylomorphism"</a> <i>Concise Britannica</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-21">"Atomism: Antiquity to the Seventeenth Century"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060909182942/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-21">Arhivirano</a> 2006-09-09 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> <i>Dictionary of the History of Ideas</i><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-22">"Atomism in the Seventeenth Century"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305082323/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-22">Arhivirano</a> 2005-03-05 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> <i>Dictionary of the History of Ideas</i> <br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.umass.edu/schaffer/papers/Fundamental.pdf">Article by a philosopher who opposes atomism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061221163403/http://people.umass.edu/schaffer/papers/Fundamental.pdf">Arhivirano</a> 21 December 2006<span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><sup>[nepoklapanje datuma]</sup></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> <br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abstractatom.com/buddhist_atomism_and_the_r_theory_of_time.htm">Information on Buddhist atomism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216202614/http://www.abstractatom.com/buddhist_atomism_and_the_r_theory_of_time.htm">Arhivirano</a> 2007-02-16 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> <br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/democritus/">Article on traditional Greek atomism</a> <br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atomism-modern/">"Atomism from the 17th to the 20th Century"</a> <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/substance/">„Substance”</a>. <i></i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy<i> on substance theory</i>. Plato.stanford.edu. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 6. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Substance&rft.atitle=%27%27Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy%27%27+on+substance+theory&rft.date=2021&rft.pub=Plato.stanford.edu&rft_id=&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friesian.com/essence.htm">„The Friesian School on Substance and Essence”</a>. Friesian.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 6. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Friesian+School+on+Substance+and+Essence&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Friesian.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friesian.com%2Fessence.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernard Sadoulet "Particle Dark Matter in the Universe: At the Brink of Discovery?" <i>Science</i> 5 January 2007: Vol. 315. no. (5808). str. 61–63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philosophy.uwaterloo.ca/MindDict/materialism.html">"Many philosophers and scientists now use the terms `material' and `physical' interchangeably"</a> <i>Dictionary of the Philosophy of Mind</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chomsky,_Noam_2000-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Chomsky,_Noam_2000_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chomsky, Noam (2000) <i>New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41379810">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Novack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Novack (stranica ne postoji)">Novack, George</a> (1979). <i>The Origins of Materialism</i>. New York: Pathfinder Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-87348-022-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-87348-022-2">978-0-87348-022-2</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Materialism&rft.aulast=Novack&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Novack%2C%26%2332%3BGeorge&rft.date=1979&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Pathfinder+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-87348-022-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Books (stranica ne postoji)">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.place=London&rft.pub=%5B%5BPenguin+Books%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Alternative. <span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Edwards_(philosopher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Edwards (philosopher) (stranica ne postoji)">Edwards, Paul</a>, ur. (1972) [1967]. <i>The Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. <b>Vols.1-4</b>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5">978-0-02-894950-5</a>(Originally published 1967 in 8 volumes)</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=1972&rft.volume=Vols.1-4&rft.isbn=978-0-02-894950-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Alternative. <span class="citation book">. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-02-894950-5">978-0-02-894950-5</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rft.isbn=978-0-02-894950-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Buchner, L. (1920). <i>[books.google.com/books?id=tw8OuwAACAAJ Force and Matter]</i>. New York, Peter Eckler Publishing Co.</li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Churchland, Paul M. (1981). „Eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes”. <i>The Journal of Philosophy</i> <b>78</b> (2): 67–90. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F2025900">10.2307/2025900</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/2025900">2025900</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eliminative+Materialism+and+the+Propositional+Attitudes&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Philosophy&rft.aulast=Churchland&rft.aufirst=Paul+M.&rft.au=Churchland%2C%26%2332%3BPaul+M.&rft.date=1981&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=67%E2%80%9390&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F2025900&rft.jstor=2025900&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartry_Field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartry Field (stranica ne postoji)">Field, Hartry H.</a> (1981). „Mental representation”. u: Block, Ned Joel. <i>Readings in Philosophy of Psychology</i>. <b>2</b>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780416746006" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780416746006">9780416746006</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Mental+representation&rft.atitle=Readings+in+Philosophy+of+Psychology&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Hartry+H.&rft.au=Field%2C%26%2332%3BHartry+H.&rft.date=1981&rft.volume=2&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.isbn=9780416746006&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Flanagan, Owen J. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=80HIwMz3bvwC"><i>Science of the Mind 2e</i></a>. MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-262-56056-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-262-56056-6">978-0-262-56056-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 19. 12. 2012</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+of+the+Mind+2e&rft.aulast=Flanagan&rft.aufirst=Owen+J.&rft.au=Flanagan%2C%26%2332%3BOwen+J.&rft.date=1991&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-262-56056-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D80HIwMz3bvwC&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Fodor, J.A. (1974). Special Sciences, <i>Synthese</i>, Vol.28.</li> <li>Gunasekara, Victor A. (2001). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhismtoday.com/english/buddha/Teachings/basicteaching11.htm">Buddhism and the Modern World</a>". <i>Basic Buddhism: A Modern Introduction to the Buddha's Teaching". 18 January 2008</i></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Kim, Jaegwon (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_philosophy-and-phenomenological-research_1992-03_52_1/page/1">„Multiple Realization and the Metaphysics of Reduction”</a>. <i>Philosophy and Phenomenological Research</i> <b>52</b> (1): 1–26. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F2107741">10.2307/2107741</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/2107741">2107741</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Multiple+Realization+and+the+Metaphysics+of+Reduction&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+and+Phenomenological+Research&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jaegwon&rft.au=Kim%2C%26%2332%3BJaegwon&rft.date=1992&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9326&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F2107741&rft.jstor=2107741&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_philosophy-and-phenomenological-research_1992-03_52_1%2Fpage%2F1&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julien_Offray_de_La_Mettrie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julien Offray de La Mettrie (stranica ne postoji)">La Mettrie, La Mettrie, Julien Offray de</a> (1748). <i>L'Homme Machine</i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Man_a_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Man a Machine (stranica ne postoji)">Man a Machine</a></i>)</li> <li>Lange, Friedrich A.,(1925) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/history-of-materialism/oclc/703434926">The History of Materialism</a></i>. New York, Harcourt, Brace, & Co.</li> <li><span class="citation book">Moser, Paul K.; Trout, J. D. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-vIzCvCAxpgC"><i>Contemporary Materialism: A Reader</i></a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-415-10863-8" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-415-10863-8">978-0-415-10863-8</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 19. 12. 2012</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Materialism%3A+A+Reader&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=Paul+K.&rft.au=Moser%2C%26%2332%3BPaul+K.&rft.au=Trout%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+D.&rft.date=1995&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-415-10863-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-vIzCvCAxpgC&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Books (stranica ne postoji)">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.place=London&rft.pub=%5B%5BPenguin+Books%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Alternative. <span class="citation book">Priest, Stephen (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theoriesofmind0000prie"><i>Theories of the Mind</i></a>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-14-013069-0">978-0-14-013069-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theories+of+the+Mind&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Priest%2C%26%2332%3BStephen&rft.date=1991&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.isbn=978-0-14-013069-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheoriesofmind0000prie&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Schopenhauer, Arthur (1969). <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_as_Will_and_Representation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World as Will and Representation (stranica ne postoji)">The World as Will and Representation</a></i>. New York, Dover Publications, Inc.</li> <li>Seidner, Stanley S. (June 10, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache:FrKYAo88ckkJ:www.materdei.ie/media/conferences/a-secular-age-parallel-sessions-timetable.pdf+%22Stan+Seidner%22&hl=en&gl=us">"A Trojan Horse: Logotherapeutic Transcendence and its Secular Implications for Theology"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110501081407/https://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache%3AFrKYAo88ckkJ%3Awww.materdei.ie%2Fmedia%2Fconferences%2Fa-secular-age-parallel-sessions-timetable.pdf+%22Stan+Seidner%22&hl=en&gl=us">Arhivirano</a> 2011-05-01 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>. <i>Mater Dei Institute</i></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Turner, MS (5. 1. 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2007-01-05_315_5808/page/59">„Quarks and the cosmos”</a>. <i>Science</i> <b>315</b> (5808): 59–61. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Sci...315...59T">2007Sci...315...59T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1136276">10.1126/science.1136276</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17204637">17204637</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Quarks+and+the+cosmos&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=MS&rft.au=Turner%2C%26%2332%3BMS&rft.date=5.+1.+2007&rft.volume=315&rft.issue=5808&rft.pages=59%E2%80%9361&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007Sci...315...59T&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1136276&rft_id=info:pmid/17204637&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_science_2007-01-05_315_5808%2Fpage%2F59&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Vitzthum, Richard C. (1995) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Materialism.html?id=odjWAAAAMAAJ">Materialism: An Affirmative History and Definition</a></i>. Amherst, New York, Prometheus Books.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Spoljašnje veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materijalizam&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spoljašnje veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent;position:relative"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://sh.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Wikicitat"><img alt="Wikicitat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/14px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/21px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/28px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>Wikicitat</figcaption></figure> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://sh.wikiquote.org/wiki/Materialism" class="extiw" title="q:Materialism">Wikicitat: Materialism</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="float:right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wiktionary-logo-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Wiktionary-logo-en.png/49px-Wiktionary-logo-en.png" decoding="async" width="49" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Wiktionary-logo-en.png/74px-Wiktionary-logo-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Wiktionary-logo-en.png/98px-Wiktionary-logo-en.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Potraži značenje riječi <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/materijalizam" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/materijalizam">Materijalizam</a></b></i> u <br /><a href="/wiki/W(j)e%C4%8Dnik" class="mw-redirect" title="W(j)ečnik">W(j)ečniku</a>, slobodnom rječniku.</div> </div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Materialism" title="commons:Category:Materialism"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Materialism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Materialism">Materijalizam</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <span class="citation book">„<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Materialism" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Materialism">Materialism</a>” <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition</i> <b>17</b> (11th izd.) 1911</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=%5B%5BWikisource%3A1911+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2FMaterialism%7CMaterialism%5D%5D&rft.atitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Eleventh+Edition&rft.date=1911&rft.volume=17&rft.edition=11th&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Materijalizam"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanford_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanford Encyclopedia (stranica ne postoji)">Stanford Encyclopedia</a>: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/physicalism/">Physicalism</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/materialism-eliminative">Eliminative Materialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infidels.org/library/modern/richard_vitzthum/materialism.html">Philosophical Materialism (by Richard C. Vitzthum)</a> from infidels.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/minddict/materialism">Dictionary of the Philosophy of Mind on Materialism</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201223090712/https://sites.google.com/site/minddict/materialism">Arhivirano</a> 2020-12-23 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Waterloo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Waterloo (stranica ne postoji)">University of Waterloo</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Apsolut" title="Apsolut">Apsolut</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Beskona%C4%8Dnost" title="Beskonačnost">Beskonačnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1tina" title="Suština">Bit</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bi%C4%87e" title="Biće">Biće</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Vje%C4%8Dnost" title="Vječnost">Večnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Vreme" title="Vreme">Vreme</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Vrlina" title="Vrlina">Vrlina</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Dobro" title="Dobro">Dobro</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Duh" title="Duh">Duh</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1a" title="Duša">Duša</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zlo" title="Zlo">Zlo</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje">Znanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ideja" title="Ideja">Ideja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Iskustvo" title="Iskustvo">Iskustvo</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Istina" title="Istina">Istina</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kretanje" title="Kretanje">Kretanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ljepota" title="Ljepota">Lepota</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">Logos</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Misao" title="Misao">Misao</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Mudrost" title="Mudrost">Mudrost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nebi%C4%87e" title="Nebiće">Nebiće</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nedelanje" title="Nedelanje">Nedelanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nesopstvo" title="Nesopstvo">Nesopstvo</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Opa%C5%BEanje" title="Opažanje">Opažanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Otu%C4%91enje" title="Otuđenje">Otuđenje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Postojanje" title="Postojanje">Postojanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pravda" title="Pravda">Pravda</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Prostor" title="Prostor">Prostor</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Razum" title="Razum">Razum</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Saznanje" title="Saznanje">Saznanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Svest" title="Svest">Svest</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sloboda" title="Sloboda">Sloboda</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Slobodna_volja" title="Slobodna volja">Slobodna volja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jastvo" title="Jastvo">Sopstvo</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ataraksija" title="Ataraksija">Spokoj</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Stvarnost" title="Stvarnost">Stvarnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sudbina" title="Sudbina">Sudbina</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">Tvar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uzro%C4%8Dnost" title="Uzročnost">Uzročnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Um" title="Um">Um</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ceecee;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Oblasti_filozofije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Oblasti filozofije (stranica ne postoji)">Oblasti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Estetika" title="Estetika">Estetika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Etika" title="Etika">Etika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gnoseologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnoseologija">Epistemologija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">Logika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Metafizika" title="Metafizika">Metafizika</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ceecee;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Grane_filozofije" title="Kategorija:Grane filozofije">Grane</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ontologija" title="Ontologija">Bića</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_uma" title="Filozofija uma">Duha</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Socijalna_filozofija" title="Socijalna filozofija">Društva</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_dru%C5%A1tvenih_nauka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija društvenih nauka (stranica ne postoji)">Društvenih nauka</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Filozofija_ekonomije" title="Filozofija ekonomije">Ekonomije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_informacije" title="Filozofija informacije">Informacije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_historije" title="Filozofija historije">Istorije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_jezika" title="Filozofija jezika">Jezika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_matematike" title="Filozofija matematike">Matematike</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_muzike" title="Filozofija muzike">Muzike</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_nauke" title="Filozofija nauke">Nauke</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filozofija_obrazovanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filozofija obrazovanja (stranica ne postoji)">Obrazovanja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dka_filozofija" title="Politička filozofija">Politike</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_prava" title="Filozofija prava">Prava</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_psihologije" title="Filozofija psihologije">Psihologije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_prirode" title="Filozofija prirode">Prirode</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_religije" title="Filozofija religije">Religije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Estetika" title="Estetika">Umetnosti</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filozofija_fizike" title="Filozofija fizike">Fizike</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antropologija_(filozofija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antropologija (filozofija) (stranica ne postoji)">Čoveka</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ceecee;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Filozofi" title="Kategorija:Filozofi">Filozofi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zaratustra" title="Zaratustra">Zaratustra</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tales" title="Tales">Tales</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Anaksimandar" title="Anaksimandar">Anaksimandar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Anaksimen" title="Anaksimen">Anaksimen</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pitagora" title="Pitagora">Pitagora</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" title="Gautama Buddha">Buda</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ksenofan_iz_Kolofona" class="mw-redirect" title="Ksenofan iz Kolofona">Ksenofan</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Konfucije" title="Konfucije">Konfučije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Lao_Tzu" title="Lao Tzu">Lao Ce</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Heraklit" title="Heraklit">Heraklit</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Parmenid" title="Parmenid">Parmenid</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Anaksagora" title="Anaksagora">Anaksagora</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zenon_iz_Eleje" title="Zenon iz Eleje">Zenon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Empedokle" title="Empedokle">Empedokle</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Protagora" title="Protagora">Protagora</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sokrat" title="Sokrat">Sokrat</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Leukip" title="Leukip">Leukip</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Demokrit" title="Demokrit">Demokrit</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Diogen_iz_Sinope" title="Diogen iz Sinope">Diogen</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Zhou" title="Zhuang Zhou">Čuang Ce</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Piron" title="Piron">Piron</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zenon_iz_Kitijuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Zenon iz Kitijuma">Zenon iz Kitijuma</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Epikur" title="Epikur">Epikur</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Filon_Aleksandrijski" title="Filon Aleksandrijski">Filon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Epiktet" title="Epiktet">Epiktet</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nagar%C4%91una" title="Nagarđuna">Nagarđuna</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Plotin" title="Plotin">Plotin</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Augustin" title="Augustin">Avgustin</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Boetije" title="Boetije">Boetije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Skot_Eriugena" title="Ivan Skot Eriugena">Eriugena</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Al-Farabi" title="Al-Farabi">Al-Farabi</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sina" title="Ibn Sina">Ibn Sina</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Al-Gazali" title="Al-Gazali">Al-Gazali</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Ab%C3%A9lard" title="Pierre Abélard">Abelar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ru%C5%A1d" title="Ibn Rušd">Averoes</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Majmonid" title="Majmonid">Majmonides</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dgen" title="Dōgen">Dogen</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Toma_Akvinski" title="Toma Akvinski">Toma Akvinski</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/John_Duns_Scotus" class="mw-redirect" title="John Duns Scotus">Skot</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/William_Occam" title="William Occam">Okam</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Bejkon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Dekart</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobs</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Paskal</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Baruch_de_Spinoza" class="mw-redirect" title="Baruch de Spinoza">Spinoza</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Leibniz" title="Gottfried Leibniz">Lajbnic</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/George_Berkeley" title="George Berkeley">Berkli</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hjum</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Volter</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Denis_Diderot" title="Denis Diderot">Didro</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Ruso</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fihte</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_von_Schelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling">Šeling</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Šopenhauer</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Kjerkegor</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marks</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mil</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Niče</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Husserl" title="Edmund Husserl">Huserl</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/D._T._Suzuki" class="mw-redirect" title="D. T. Suzuki">Suzuki</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Rasel</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Hajdeger</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jiddu_Krishnamurti" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiddu Krishnamurti">Krišnamurti</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartr</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Jaspers" title="Karl Jaspers">Jaspers</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Vitgenštajn</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Adorno" title="Theodor Adorno">Adorno</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Markuze</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Derrida" title="Jacques Derrida">Derida</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Fuko</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Kripke" title="Saul Kripke"> Kripke</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ceecee; 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