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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Standard for threaded fasteners and washers</div> <p><b>United States Standard thread</b> (<b>USS thread</b>), also known as <b>Sellers Standard thread</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-adt_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>Franklin Institute thread</b><sup id="cite_ref-adt_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <b>American Standard thread</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a standard for inch based threaded <a href="/wiki/Fastener" title="Fastener">fasteners</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washer_(hardware)" title="Washer (hardware)">washers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The USS standard is no longer supported. It, together with the <a href="/wiki/SAE_International" title="SAE International">SAE</a> fastener standard, was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Unified_Thread_Standard" title="Unified Thread Standard">Unified Thread Standard</a>. However, the term, <i>USS</i>, continues to be used occasionally today to describe inch based threaded fasteners with a coarse thread pitch and inch based washers that are a little bit larger than the corresponding SAE washer. The Unified Thread Standard uses the term UNC (Unified Coarse) to describe a fastener that previously would have been designated USS and UNF (Unified Fine) to describe a fastener that would have previously been designated SAE. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thread_form">Thread form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Thread form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The thread form is defined by flats at the tip and root of the thread form. This flat length is defined as the pitch divided by eight. The thread depth, which is from flat to flat is 0.6495 times the pitch.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>-inch (6.4 mm) screws and larger, the pitch is defined as: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=0.24{\sqrt {D+0.625}}-0.175}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.24</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>D</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.625</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.175</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P=0.24{\sqrt {D+0.625}}-0.175}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/875492d65582fcf13f5aade2f8df840a098a164c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:29.112ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=0.24{\sqrt {D+0.625}}-0.175}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where <i>P</i> is the pitch and <i>D</i> is the diameter of the rough stock.<sup id="cite_ref-adt_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Sellers" title="William Sellers">William Sellers</a> originally developed the USS thread, and set forth many of its details in his paper, "A System of Screw Threads and Nuts", presented in April 1864 to the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Institute" title="Franklin Institute">Franklin Institute</a>. In 1898, the standard for metric threaded fasteners was established.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The metric standard used the same thread geometry as the USS standard but differed in that the dimensions and pitch were based on metric units. In 1906, the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Licensed_Automobile_Manufacturers" title="Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers">A.L.A.M</a> developed what would be the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Automotive_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Automotive Engineers">SAE</a> thread standard for threaded fasteners based on the USS standard but with a finer thread pitch.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Unified Thread Standard UNC thread is mechanically interchangeable with a USS thread of the same diameter. However, there are tolerance and other differences between a thread compliant with the USS thread and a Unified Thread Standard UNC thread.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Unified Thread Standard for quarter inch and larger threaded fasteners was adopted on November 18, 1948,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was subsequently adopted for smaller thread series. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Screw" title="Screw">Screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_thread" title="Screw thread">Screw thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Thread_Standard" title="Unified Thread Standard">Unified Thread Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_metric_screw_thread" title="ISO metric screw thread">ISO metric screw thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Standard_Whitworth" title="British Standard Whitworth">British Standard Whitworth</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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href="#cite_ref-adt_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAdt1920" class="citation book cs1">Adt, Howard (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WL9CAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA7"><i>Screw Thread Production to Close Limits</i></a>. p. 7<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Screw+Thread+Production+to+Close+Limits&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Adt&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWL9CAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sizes.com/tools/thread_history.htm">"History of screw threads"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-04-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+screw+threads&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sizes.com%2Ftools%2Fthread_history.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fixabolt.co.uk/blogs/bolts/coach-screws-101-uses-benefits-and-applications-of-coach-screws">"Uses, Benefits, and Applications of Coach Screws"</a>. <i>Fixabolt</i>. 2023-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fixabolt&rft.atitle=Uses%2C+Benefits%2C+and+Applications+of+Coach+Screws&rft.date=2023-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffixabolt.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fbolts%2Fcoach-screws-101-uses-benefits-and-applications-of-coach-screws&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Railway_Master_Mechanics'_Association1916" class="citation book cs1">American Railway Master Mechanics' Association (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YKYR9N5cbUQC&pg=PA71"><i>Report of proceedings of the annual convention of the American Railway Master Mechanics' Association</i></a>. Vol. 49. American Railway Master Mechanics' Association. p. 71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+proceedings+of+the+annual+convention+of+the+American+Railway+Master+Mechanics%27+Association&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=American+Railway+Master+Mechanics%27+Association&rft.date=1916&rft.au=American+Railway+Master+Mechanics%27+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYKYR9N5cbUQC%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFObergJonesMcCauleyHeald2004" class="citation cs2">Oberg, Erik; Jones, Franklin D.; McCauley, Christopher J.; Heald, Ricardo M. (2004), <i><a href="/wiki/Machinery%27s_Handbook" title="Machinery's Handbook">Machinery's Handbook</a></i> (27th ed.), <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Press" title="Industrial Press">Industrial Press</a>, p. 1726, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8311-2700-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8311-2700-8"><bdi>978-0-8311-2700-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Machinery%27s+Handbook&rft.pages=1726&rft.edition=27th&rft.pub=Industrial+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8311-2700-8&rft.aulast=Oberg&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.au=Jones%2C+Franklin+D.&rft.au=McCauley%2C+Christopher+J.&rft.au=Heald%2C+Ricardo+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nl1kAAAAMAAJ&q=alam+sae+threads&pg=PA43"><i>The Society of Automobile Engineers 1912 Transactions Part II, pages 43-44</i></a>. 1912<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Society+of+Automobile+Engineers+1912+Transactions+Part+II%2C+pages+43-44&rft.date=1912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dnl1kAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dalam%2Bsae%2Bthreads%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fisAAAAAMAAJ&q=a.l.a.m.+screw&pg=PA590"><i>Browning's Industrial Magazine, page 590</i></a>. The Browning Press. 1906<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Browning%27s+Industrial+Magazine%2C+page+590&rft.pub=The+Browning+Press&rft.date=1906&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfisAAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Da.l.a.m.%2Bscrew%26pg%3DPA590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOberg1988" class="citation book cs1">Oberg (1988). <i>Machinery's Handbook 23rd edition</i>. p. 1479.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Machinery%27s+Handbook+23rd+edition&rft.pages=1479&rft.date=1988&rft.au=Oberg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Bureau_of_Standards" class="citation web cs1">National Bureau of Standards. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA279290.pdf">"Screw-Thread Standards for Federal Services"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. pp. 10–12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522050301/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA279290&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Screw-Thread+Standards+for+Federal+Services&rft.pages=10-12&rft.au=National+Bureau+of+Standards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fsti%2Fpdfs%2FADA279290.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Standard+thread" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050613082757/http://anniversary.asme.org/2005landmarks3.shtml">The United States Standard Screw Threads (1864)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jaredzone.info/2011/01/metric-threaded-fasteners.html">AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD METRIC SCREWS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openwetware.org/images/4/4c/Sellers.1864.pdf">Text of Seller's presentation to the Franklin Institute, April 21, 1864</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&oldid=1169689001">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Standard_thread&oldid=1169689001</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Screws" title="Category:Screws">Screws</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Thread_standards" title="Category:Thread standards">Thread standards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Standards_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Standards of the United States">Standards of the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 August 2023, at 17:11<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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