CINXE.COM

International Institute for Sustainable Development

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# " class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="IISD is an award-winning independent think tank working to create a world where people and the planet thrive." /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.iisd.org/" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.iisd.org/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="International Institute for Sustainable Development" /> <meta property="og:title" content="International Institute for Sustainable Development" /> <meta property="og:description" content="IISD is an award-winning independent think tank working to create a world where people and the planet thrive." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/styles/og_image/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?itok=6SpKdyFt" /> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/styles/og_image/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?itok=6SpKdyFt" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="International Institute for Sustainable Development" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="IISD is an award-winning independent think tank working to create a world where people and the planet thrive." /> <meta name="twitter:image:height" content="800" /> <meta name="twitter:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/styles/og_image/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?itok=6SpKdyFt" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <style>div#sliding-popup, div#sliding-popup .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab {background: #083266} div#sliding-popup.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper { background: transparent; } #sliding-popup h1, #sliding-popup h2, #sliding-popup h3, #sliding-popup p, #sliding-popup label, #sliding-popup div, .eu-cookie-compliance-more-button, .eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { color: #ffffff;} .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { border-color: #ffffff;}</style> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/iisd/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.iisd.org/" /> <title>International Institute for Sustainable Development</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Barlow:400,500,700"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/ms-icon-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#083266"> <!-- fontawesome --> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/0db7d48973.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/align.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/autocomplete-loading.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/fieldgroup.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/container-inline.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/clearfix.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/details.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/hidden.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/item-list.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/js.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/nowrap.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/position-container.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/progress.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/reset-appearance.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/resize.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/sticky-header.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/system-status-counter.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/system-status-report-counters.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/system-status-report-general-info.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/tabledrag.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/tablesort.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/system/components/tree-child.module.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/css/eu_cookie_compliance.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/simple_popup_blocks/css/simple_popup_blocks.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/paragraphs/css/paragraphs.unpublished.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/custom/iisd_backend/assets/css/iisd-backend.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/core/assets/vendor/normalize-css/normalize.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/stable/css/core/normalize-fixes.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/action-links.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/breadcrumb.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/button.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/collapse-processed.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/container-inline.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/details.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/exposed-filters.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/field.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/icons.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/inline-form.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/item-list.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/link.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/links.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/menu.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/more-link.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/pager.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/tabledrag.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/tableselect.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/tablesort.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/tabs.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/textarea.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/ui-dialog.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/themes/classy/css/components/messages.css?snd9w8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/css/style.min.css?snd9w8" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-T3RMTW'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> </head> <body class="path-frontpage page-node-type-home-page"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T3RMTW" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="c-header js-header "> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-header__inner"> <div class="c-header__logo-wrapper"> <a class="c-header__logo" href="/" title="Return to the homepage"> <svg class="c-header__logo-svg" id="IISD_logo" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 409.3 173.8"> <g class="c-header__logo-strapline"> <rect x="158.5" y="127.9" style="fill:#093266" width="2.6" height="14.5"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M173.5,136.9v5.6H171V137c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C171.7,132,173.5,134,173.5,136.9"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M183.2,142.3c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3v-3.7h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L183.2,142.3z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M186.6,136.5h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C187.8,134.2,186.9,135.2,186.6,136.5 M194.4,138.4L194.4,138.4 h-7.7c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C194.4,137.6,194.4,138,194.4,138.4"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M198.8,133.6c0.9-0.9,2.1-1.5,3.7-1.5v2.3c-1.6,0.1-2.8,0.6-3.7,1.7v6.3h-2.5v-10.1h2.5V133.6z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M214,136.9v5.6h-2.5V137c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7H204v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C212.3,132,214,134,214,136.9"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M223.9,139.1v-3.4c-0.7-1-1.7-1.4-2.7-1.4c-1.7,0-3,1.5-3,3.2c0,1.7,1.3,3.1,3,3.1 C222.2,140.6,223.2,140.2,223.9,139.1 M226.3,142.4h-2.5v-0.7c-0.8,0.6-1.9,0.9-3.1,0.9c-2.8,0-5.1-2.3-5.1-5.3 c0-2.9,2.3-5.3,5.1-5.3c1.2,0,2.3,0.3,3.1,0.9v-0.7h2.5V142.4z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M236.4,142.3c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3v-3.7h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L236.4,142.3z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M240.7,142.4h-2.5v-10.1h2.5V142.4z M238,128.7c0-0.9,0.7-1.5,1.5-1.5c0.9,0,1.5,0.6,1.5,1.5 c0,0.8-0.7,1.5-1.5,1.5C238.7,130.2,238,129.5,238,128.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M251,137.4c0-1.7-1.2-3-2.9-3c-1.7,0-2.9,1.3-2.9,3c0,1.7,1.2,3.1,2.9,3.1C249.9,140.5,251,139.1,251,137.4 M253.5,137.4c0,3.1-2.3,5.4-5.4,5.4c-3.1,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.4c0-3,2.3-5.3,5.4-5.3C251.2,132.1,253.5,134.4,253.5,137.4"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M265.4,136.9v5.6h-2.5V137c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C263.6,132,265.4,134,265.4,136.9"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M275.3,139.1v-3.4c-0.7-1-1.7-1.4-2.7-1.4c-1.7,0-3,1.5-3,3.2c0,1.7,1.3,3.1,3,3.1 C273.7,140.6,274.6,140.2,275.3,139.1 M277.8,142.4h-2.5v-0.7c-0.8,0.6-1.9,0.9-3.1,0.9c-2.8,0-5.1-2.3-5.1-5.3 c0-2.9,2.3-5.3,5.1-5.3c1.2,0,2.3,0.3,3.1,0.9v-0.7h2.5V142.4z"/> <rect x="280.2" y="127.3" style="fill:#093266" width="2.5" height="15.1"/> <rect x="291.2" y="127.9" style="fill:#093266" width="2.6" height="14.5"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M306.5,136.9v5.6H304V137c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C304.7,132,306.5,134,306.5,136.9"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M310.3,139.1c0.2,1.2,1.1,1.7,2.5,1.7c1.2,0,2-0.4,2-1.1c0-0.5-0.4-0.9-1.2-1.1l-2.2-0.4c-1.5-0.3-3-1.1-3-2.9 c0-2,1.7-3.2,4.2-3.2c1.7,0,4.2,0.6,4.5,3.3l-2.3,0c-0.1-1-1-1.5-2.2-1.5c-1.2,0-1.8,0.5-1.8,1.1c0,0.5,0.3,1,1.4,1.2l1.9,0.3 c1.5,0.3,3,1,3,2.9c0,2.2-1.9,3.3-4.4,3.3c-2.3,0-4.4-1-4.7-3.7L310.3,139.1z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M326.8,142.3c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3v-3.7h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L326.8,142.3z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M331.1,142.4h-2.5v-10.1h2.5V142.4z M328.4,128.7c0-0.9,0.7-1.5,1.5-1.5c0.9,0,1.5,0.6,1.5,1.5 c0,0.8-0.7,1.5-1.5,1.5C329.1,130.2,328.4,129.5,328.4,128.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M341.4,142.3c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3v-3.7h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L341.4,142.3z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M352.9,142.4h-2.5v-0.9c-0.9,0.7-1.9,1.2-3.1,1.2c-2.6,0-4.4-1.9-4.4-4.8v-5.6h2.5v5.4c0,1.8,0.9,2.8,2.5,2.8 c0.9,0,1.9-0.5,2.6-1.5v-6.7h2.5V142.4z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M362.9,142.3c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3v-3.7h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L362.9,142.3z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M366.3,136.5h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C367.5,134.2,366.5,135.2,366.3,136.5 M374,138.4L374,138.4h-7.7 c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C374.1,137.6,374.1,138,374,138.4"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M390.1,132.4v2.1h-3.9v8h-2.5v-8h-2.8v-2.1h2.8v-1.8c0-2.6,1.6-4.3,4.1-4.3c0.7,0,1.6,0.1,2.3,0.3l-0.4,2.1 c-0.5-0.1-1.1-0.2-1.5-0.2c-1.3,0-2.1,0.8-2.1,2v1.8H390.1z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M398.9,137.4c0-1.7-1.2-3-2.9-3c-1.7,0-2.9,1.3-2.9,3c0,1.7,1.2,3.1,2.9,3.1 C397.7,140.5,398.9,139.1,398.9,137.4 M401.4,137.4c0,3.1-2.3,5.4-5.4,5.4c-3.1,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.4c0-3,2.3-5.3,5.4-5.3 C399.1,132.1,401.4,134.4,401.4,137.4"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M405.6,133.6c0.9-0.9,2.1-1.5,3.7-1.5v2.3c-1.6,0.1-2.8,0.6-3.7,1.7v6.3h-2.5v-10.1h2.5V133.6z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M168,158.5h-2.5c-0.2-1.5-1.2-2.4-3.2-2.4c-1.7,0-2.9,0.8-2.9,2.1c0,1.1,0.8,1.6,2.3,1.9l1.8,0.4 c2.8,0.6,4.3,1.7,4.3,4c0,2.7-2.2,4.5-5.6,4.5c-3.6,0-6-1.9-6.2-5h2.5c0.3,1.7,1.7,2.8,3.8,2.8c1.8,0,2.8-0.7,2.8-2 c0-0.8-0.5-1.5-2.1-1.8l-2.4-0.5c-2.8-0.5-4.1-2-4.1-4.1c0-2.7,2.2-4.5,5.4-4.5C164.6,153.9,167.6,155,168,158.5"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M179.9,168.8h-2.5v-0.9c-0.9,0.7-1.9,1.2-3.1,1.2c-2.6,0-4.4-1.9-4.4-4.8v-5.6h2.5v5.4c0,1.8,0.9,2.8,2.5,2.8 c0.9,0,1.9-0.5,2.6-1.5v-6.7h2.5V168.8z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M184,165.4c0.2,1.2,1.1,1.7,2.5,1.7c1.2,0,2-0.4,2-1.1c0-0.5-0.4-0.9-1.2-1.1l-2.2-0.4c-1.5-0.3-3-1.1-3-2.9 c0-2,1.7-3.2,4.2-3.2c1.7,0,4.2,0.6,4.5,3.3l-2.3,0c-0.1-1-1-1.5-2.2-1.5c-1.2,0-1.8,0.5-1.8,1.1c0,0.5,0.3,1,1.4,1.2l1.9,0.3 c1.5,0.3,3,1,3,2.9c0,2.2-1.9,3.3-4.4,3.3c-2.3,0-4.4-1-4.7-3.7L184,165.4z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M200.6,168.7c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3V155h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L200.6,168.7z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M209.6,165.4V162c-0.7-1-1.7-1.4-2.7-1.4c-1.7,0-3,1.5-3,3.2c0,1.7,1.3,3.1,3,3.1 C207.9,166.9,208.9,166.5,209.6,165.4 M212,168.8h-2.5v-0.7c-0.8,0.6-1.9,0.9-3.1,0.9c-2.8,0-5.1-2.3-5.1-5.3 c0-2.9,2.3-5.3,5.1-5.3c1.2,0,2.3,0.3,3.1,0.9v-0.7h2.5V168.8z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M217.1,168.8h-2.5v-10.1h2.5V168.8z M214.3,155c0-0.9,0.7-1.5,1.5-1.5c0.9,0,1.5,0.6,1.5,1.5 c0,0.8-0.7,1.5-1.5,1.5C215,156.5,214.3,155.9,214.3,155"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M229.7,163.2v5.6h-2.5v-5.4c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C227.9,158.4,229.7,160.3,229.7,163.2"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M239.4,165.4V162c-0.7-1-1.7-1.4-2.7-1.4c-1.7,0-3,1.5-3,3.2c0,1.7,1.3,3.1,3,3.1 C237.7,166.9,238.7,166.5,239.4,165.4 M241.9,168.8h-2.5v-0.7c-0.8,0.6-1.9,0.9-3.1,0.9c-2.8,0-5.1-2.3-5.1-5.3 c0-2.9,2.3-5.3,5.1-5.3c1.2,0,2.3,0.3,3.1,0.9v-0.7h2.5V168.8z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M252.2,163.7c0-1.7-1.2-3.1-3-3.1c-1,0-2,0.4-2.7,1.4v3.5c0.7,1,1.7,1.4,2.7,1.4 C251,166.9,252.2,165.4,252.2,163.7 M254.7,163.7c0,2.9-2.3,5.3-5.1,5.3c-1.2,0-2.3-0.3-3.1-0.9v0.7h-2.5v-15.1h2.5v5.8 c0.8-0.6,1.9-0.9,3.1-0.9C252.4,158.4,254.7,160.8,254.7,163.7"/> <rect x="256.5" y="153.6" style="fill:#093266" width="2.5" height="15.1"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M263.2,162.9h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C264.4,160.5,263.5,161.6,263.2,162.9 M271,164.7L271,164.7h-7.7 c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C271,163.9,271,164.3,271,164.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M284,166.4c2.9,0,5.1-2.2,5.1-4.9c0-2.7-2.2-4.8-5.1-4.8h-2.9v9.8H284z M284,154.3c4.5,0,7.7,3,7.7,7.2 c0,4.2-3.3,7.3-7.7,7.3h-5.4v-14.5H284z"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M295.5,162.9h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C296.7,160.5,295.8,161.6,295.5,162.9 M303.3,164.7L303.3,164.7 h-7.7c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C303.3,163.9,303.3,164.3,303.3,164.7"/> <polygon style="fill:#093266" points="310.4,168.8 308.2,168.8 303.6,158.7 306.2,158.7 309.3,165.6 312.4,158.7 315,158.7 "/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M317.5,162.9h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C318.7,160.5,317.8,161.6,317.5,162.9 M325.3,164.7L325.3,164.7 h-7.7c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C325.3,163.9,325.3,164.3,325.3,164.7"/> <rect x="327.3" y="153.6" style="fill:#093266" width="2.5" height="15.1"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M339.6,163.7c0-1.7-1.2-3-2.9-3c-1.7,0-2.9,1.3-2.9,3c0,1.7,1.2,3.1,2.9,3.1 C338.4,166.8,339.6,165.5,339.6,163.7 M342,163.7c0,3.1-2.3,5.4-5.4,5.4c-3.1,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.4c0-3,2.3-5.3,5.4-5.3 C339.7,158.4,342,160.7,342,163.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M351.7,163.7c0-1.7-1.2-3.2-3-3.2c-1,0-2,0.4-2.7,1.4v3.5c0.7,1,1.7,1.4,2.7,1.4 C350.5,166.9,351.7,165.4,351.7,163.7 M354.2,163.7c0,2.9-2.3,5.3-5.1,5.3c-1.2,0-2.3-0.3-3.1-0.9v5.8h-2.5v-15.1h2.5v0.7 c0.8-0.6,1.9-0.9,3.1-0.9C351.9,158.4,354.2,160.8,354.2,163.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M372.7,163.2v5.6h-2.5v-5.4c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.4-2.8c-0.8,0-1.6,0.4-2.3,1.4c0.1,0.4,0.1,0.8,0.1,1.2v5.6h-2.5 v-5.4c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.4-2.8c-0.7,0-1.5,0.4-2.2,1.3v6.8h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.7c0.7-0.6,1.4-1,2.7-1c1.3,0,2.5,0.6,3.3,1.5 c1.1-1,2.1-1.5,3.8-1.5C370.8,158.4,372.7,160.3,372.7,163.2"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M376.8,162.9h5.3c-0.2-1.4-1.1-2.3-2.6-2.3C378,160.5,377.1,161.6,376.8,162.9 M384.6,164.7L384.6,164.7h-7.7 c0.3,1.3,1.2,2.2,2.9,2.2c1,0,1.7-0.3,2-0.9h2.6c-0.6,1.9-2.4,3-4.7,3c-3.2,0-5.4-2.3-5.4-5.3c0-3,2.1-5.3,5.4-5.3 c2.8,0,4.9,2.1,4.9,5.1C384.7,163.9,384.7,164.3,384.6,164.7"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M396.6,163.2v5.6h-2.5v-5.4c0-1.8-0.9-2.8-2.5-2.8c-0.9,0-1.8,0.5-2.6,1.5v6.7h-2.5v-10.1h2.5v0.8 c0.9-0.7,1.9-1.2,3.1-1.2C394.8,158.4,396.6,160.3,396.6,163.2"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M406.4,168.7c-1.1,0.3-1.6,0.4-2.5,0.4c-2.4,0-3.9-1.6-3.9-4.2v-4.1h-2.3v-2.1h2.3V155h2.5v3.7h3.7v2.1h-3.7 v4.1c0,1.3,0.7,1.9,1.9,1.9c0.6,0,1.2-0.1,1.7-0.3L406.4,168.7z"/> </g> <g class="c-header__logo-acronym"> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M241.5,54.9c-7.2-1.3-10.1-3-10.1-8.4c0-5.2,4.7-9.1,12.5-9.1c7.5,0,13,2.5,19.9,7.7l5.3-12.2 c-7.8-6-15.2-9-26.4-9c-17,0-28.4,9.5-28.4,23.1c0,13.3,7.6,19.6,21.2,22.2l12,2.3c7.3,1.3,8.9,4.9,8.8,8c-0.1,4.4-3.5,8-11.7,8 c-8.6-0.2-17.8-4.1-24.5-9.7l-5.4,12.5c6.6,6.6,21.3,11,29.1,11c17.8,0,29.5-9.4,29.5-23.6c0-12.4-8.2-18-22.4-21.1L241.5,54.9z"/> <rect x="157.8" y="25.6" style="fill:#093266" width="15.8" height="74.2"/> <rect x="186.6" y="25.6" style="fill:#093266" width="15.8" height="74.2"/> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M313.3,85.4c13.2,0,23.7-10,23.7-22.9c0-12.4-10.5-22.4-23.7-22.4h-13.1v45.3H313.3z M313.3,25.6 c22.8,0,39.7,15.6,39.7,36.8c0,21.6-16.9,37.5-39.7,37.5h-28.9V25.6H313.3z"/> </g> <g class="c-header__logo-symbol"> <path style="fill:#093266" d="M37.3,103.1C17.9,90.7,9.8,65.7,19.2,43.9c9.5-21.8,33.3-32.9,55.6-27.1L81,2.6c-30.1-9-63,5.7-75.8,35.2 C-7.6,67.3,4,101.4,31.2,117.3L37.3,103.1z"/> <path style="fill:#29C3EC" d="M95,8.8l-6.2,14.2c19.2,12.4,27.3,37.4,17.9,59c-9.4,21.7-33.1,32.8-55.4,27.2l-6.2,14.2 c30,8.9,62.8-5.8,75.6-35.3C133.6,58.6,122,24.7,95,8.8"/> </g> </svg> </a> <button class="c-header__menu-toggle js-header-menu-toggle">Menu</button> </div> <div class="c-header__content-wrapper js-header-content-wrapper"> <div class="c-header__content-inner"> <nav class="c-header__menu"> <ul class="c-main-menu"> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--about c-main-menu__item--expanded c-main-menu__item--has-sub-menu has-sub-menu"> <a href="/mission-and-goals" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">About</a> <button class="c-main-menu__expand-button js-submenu-toggle"> <svg class="c-main-menu__expand-icon o-svg o-svg--arrow-down"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=11#arrow-down"/> </svg> </button> <ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu"> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--mission-and-goals"> <a href="/mission-and-goals" title="About IISD" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">Mission and Goals</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--our-team"> <a href="/about/teams" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38">Our Team</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--impact"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/our-impact" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/52">Impact</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--sustainable-development"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/sustainable-development" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15044">Sustainable Development</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--employment"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/employment-and-consulting" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/49">Employment</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--annual-reports"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/annual-reports" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34">Annual Reports</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--funders"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/funders" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18132">Funders</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--issues c-main-menu__item--expanded c-main-menu__item--has-sub-menu has-sub-menu"> <a href="/strategic-priorities" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33">Issues</a> <button class="c-main-menu__expand-button js-submenu-toggle"> <svg class="c-main-menu__expand-icon o-svg o-svg--arrow-down"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=11#arrow-down"/> </svg> </button> <ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu"> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--strategic-priorities"> <a href="/strategic-priorities" title="Our strategic priorities" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33">Strategic Priorities</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--work-areas"> <a href="/strategic-priorities/work-areas" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Work Areas</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--climate"> <a href="/focus-areas/climate" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/73">Climate</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--resources"> <a href="/focus-areas/resources" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/74">Resources</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--economies"> <a href="/focus-areas/economies" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/75">Economies</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--articles c-main-menu__item--expanded c-main-menu__item--has-sub-menu has-sub-menu"> <a href="/articles" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16400">Articles</a> <button class="c-main-menu__expand-button js-submenu-toggle"> <svg class="c-main-menu__expand-icon o-svg o-svg--arrow-down"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=11#arrow-down"/> </svg> </button> <ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu"> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--insights"> <a href="/articles/insights" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16398">Insights</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--deep-dives"> <a href="/articles/deep-dives" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16402">Deep Dives</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--explainers"> <a href="/articles/explainers" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16407">Explainers</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--policy-analysis"> <a href="/articles/policy-analysis" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16405">Policy Analysis</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--success-stories"> <a href="/articles/success-stories" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41">Success Stories</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--publications"> <a href="/publications" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/36">Publications</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--events"> <a href="/events" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/47">Events</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--newsroom c-main-menu__item--expanded c-main-menu__item--has-sub-menu has-sub-menu"> <a href="/press" title="Latest news and announcements" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42">Newsroom</a> <button class="c-main-menu__expand-button js-submenu-toggle"> <svg class="c-main-menu__expand-icon o-svg o-svg--arrow-down"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=11#arrow-down"/> </svg> </button> <ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu"> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--press"> <a href="/press" title="Recent press releases and announcements" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42">Press</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--media-coverage"> <a href="/press/media-coverage" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43">Media Coverage</a> </li> <li class="c-main-menu__item js-menu-item c-main-menu__item--newsletter"> <a href="/newsletter-signup" class="c-main-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6">Newsletter</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <button class="c-header__search-button js-header-search-button" aria-label="Click to open the search form"> <span class="c-header__search-button-text u-accessible-hide">Click to open the search form</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#search"/> </svg> </button> <div class="c-header-search js-header-search" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="c-header-search__label"> <p class="u-accessible-hide" id="c-header-search__label">Search the site</p> <div class="c-header-search__container u-container"> <div class="c-header-search__inner"> <form class="c-header-search__form" action="/search" method="get" role="search" aria-label="Sitewide"> <input class="c-header-search__keyword-input js-search-keywords" title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." placeholder="Search&#x20;here..." type="search" name="keywords" value="" size="15" maxlength="128"/> <button class="c-header-search__submit-button" title="Search all content" type="submit" value=""> <span class="c-header-search__button-text u-accessible-hide">Search</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#search"/> </svg> </button> </form> <button class="c-header-search__cancel js-header-search-close"> Cancel </button> </div> </div> </div> <form class="c-header-search-mobile" action="/search" method="get" role="search" aria-label="Sitewide"> <input class="c-header-search-mobile__keyword-input js-search-keywords" title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." placeholder="Search&#x20;here..." type="search" name="keywords" value="" size="15" maxlength="128"/> <button class="c-header-search-mobile__submit-button" title="Search all content" type="submit" value=""> <span class="c-header-search-mobile__button-text u-accessible-hide">Search</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#search"/> </svg> </button> </form> <aside class="c-header__aside"> <a href="/donate" class="c-header__aside-button o-button o-button--outline">Donate</a> <button class="c-header__aside-social-button js-header-social-open"> Follow us </button> <div class="c-header__aside-sharing"> <div class="c-social-icons c-social-icons--mobile-header"> <span class="c-social-icons__title">Follow us:</span> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://ca.linkedin.com/company/international-institute-for-sustainable-development" title="Follow us on Linkedin" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin c-social-icons--mobile-header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#linkedin"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://twitter.com/iisd_news" title="Follow us on X" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--x c-social-icons--mobile-header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#x"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/IISDnews?ref=ts&amp;fref=ts" title="Follow us on Facebook" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook c-social-icons--mobile-header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#facebook"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="http://www.youtube.com/user/iisdvideo" title="See our channel on Youtube" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--youtube c-social-icons--mobile-header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#youtube"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="c-header-social js-header-social" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="c-header-social__label"> <div class="c-header-social__container u-container"> <div class="c-header-social__inner"> <p class="u-accessible-hide" id="c-header-social__label">Links to social media channels</p> <div class="c-social-icons c-social-icons--header"> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://ca.linkedin.com/company/international-institute-for-sustainable-development" title="Follow us on Linkedin" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin c-social-icons--header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#linkedin"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://twitter.com/iisd_news" title="Follow us on X" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--x c-social-icons--header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#x"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/IISDnews?ref=ts&amp;fref=ts" title="Follow us on Facebook" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook c-social-icons--header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#facebook"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="http://www.youtube.com/user/iisdvideo" title="See our channel on Youtube" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--youtube c-social-icons--header"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#youtube"/> </svg> </a> </div> <button class="c-header-social__close js-header-social-close">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="c-secondary-navigation"> <div class="u-container"> <nav class="c-secondary-navigation__menu"> <ul class="c-secondary-menu"> <li class="c-secondary-menu__item js-menu-item"> <a href="/strategic-priorities/work-areas" class="c-secondary-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Trending:</a> </li> <li class="c-secondary-menu__item js-menu-item"> <a href="/inside-cop-29" class="c-secondary-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18470">COP 29</a> </li> <li class="c-secondary-menu__item js-menu-item"> <a href="/inside-inc-5" class="c-secondary-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18532">INC-5</a> </li> <li class="c-secondary-menu__item js-menu-item"> <a href="/topics/nature" class="c-secondary-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15491">Nature</a> </li> <li class="c-secondary-menu__item js-menu-item"> <a href="/topics/gender-equality" class="c-secondary-menu__item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4470">Gender Equality</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <main id="main-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <article role="article" about="/home" class="c-node c-node--type-home-page"> <div class="c-node__contents"> <section class="c-featured-content-banner" id="component-featured-content-banner"> <div class="c-media c-media--image c-media--banner"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_small_mobile/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg.webp?itok=wPO_TldA 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?h=d8fd0b1c&amp;itok=rMxEHbS9 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?h=d8fd0b1c&amp;itok=iRzWBnoc 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_small_desktop/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?h=d8fd0b1c&amp;itok=wzv5j3KI 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_desktop/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?h=d8fd0b1c&amp;itok=1o379DIB 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2024-11/unfccc-cop29-9331.jpg?h=d8fd0b1c&amp;itok=rMxEHbS9" alt="Delegates at COP 29 huddle. In the top right, text reads COP29: It&#039;s Time to Act." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-content-banner__container u-container"> <div class="c-featured-content-banner__inner"> <div class="c-featured-content-banner__inner-content"> <h2 class="c-featured-content-banner__heading"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Inside COP 29</span> </h2> <p class="c-featured-content-banner__excerpt">On the final official day of COP 29, the Presidency鈥檚 new draft texts on key outstanding issues, including the new collective quantified goal on finance, were not well received.</p> <a class="c-featured-content-banner__link" href="/inside-cop-29" title="Read more">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="c-large-statement o-section" id="component-large-statement"> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-large-statement__inner"> <p class="c-large-statement__text"> The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) is an award-winning independent think tank working to create a world where people and the planet thrive. </p> <a class="c-large-statement__link" href="/mission-and-goals" title="About IISD">About IISD</a> </div> </div> </div> <section class="c-featured-boxes o-section paragraph paragraph--type--featured-boxes paragraph--view-mode--default component-46695" id=component-46695> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-featured-boxes__heading o-block-heading"> <h2 class="o-block-heading__heading"> What We Do </h2> </div> <p class="c-featured-boxes__summary"> Our research and policy work focuses on areas we deem ripe for transformation, where shifts in policy have the potential to change the game and where we have a proven record of making significant gains. </p> <div class="c-featured-boxes__inner o-card-container js-featured-box-container"> <a href="/focus-areas/climate" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Climate"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--focus_area"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=K-rYkiBT 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=bUyH29c8 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=x11x-eB7 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=kIZhWLR5 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=5CSbLiDO 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2132_iStock-931031502-lpr.jpg?h=6a5cdbf6&amp;itok=bUyH29c8" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="73"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Climate</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Address the causes of climate change and adapt to its impact. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/focus-areas/resources" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Resources"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--focus_area"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=A9GL-WtB 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=zozOJRH8 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=P53naFaN 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=wKxBcwb2 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=JykXJDTw 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/hikers-fresh-water-canada.jpg?h=a0d66a1a&amp;itok=zozOJRH8" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="74"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Resources</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Support the sustainable management of our natural resources. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/focus-areas/economies" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Economies"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--focus_area"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=6RU_R-6Y 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=XqR722zs 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=6dJqjSco 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=pohMu4lM 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=p3Ar-rFf 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2020-07/RS2058_Workers%20assembling%20and%20testing%20lighters%20in%20factory%20-%20Xuyi%2C%20China%20-%20May%209%202014.jpg?h=62419acd&amp;itok=XqR722zs" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="75"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Economies</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Foster fair and sustainable economies. </p> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> <section class="c-featured-boxes o-section paragraph paragraph--type--featured-boxes paragraph--view-mode--default component-46704" id=component-46704> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-featured-boxes__heading o-block-heading"> <h2 class="o-block-heading__heading"> Flagship Initiatives </h2> </div> <div class="c-featured-boxes__inner o-card-container js-featured-box-container"> <a href="https://www.iisd.org/ela/" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="IISD Experimental Lakes Area"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-portrait is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=b52Mjm7M 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=mshJxgXq 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=ctdvaslC 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=zzdOOdw- 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=Mbp79hvy 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/ela-50-colour-fish-only_1.png?itok=mshJxgXq" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> IISD Experimental Lakes Area </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> IISD Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA) is an exceptional natural laboratory comprised of 58 small lakes and their watersheds set aside for scientific research. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="http://napglobalnetwork.org/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="NAP Global Network"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=LiFfDDMF 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=Ij04PKoP 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=ikndIkIX 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=Fn1rYQ1u 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=4ER3IBvA 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-11/nap-icon-2022.png?itok=Ij04PKoP" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> NAP Global Network </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The NAP Global Network works with partners in the world鈥檚 most vulnerable countries to develop and implement climate adaptation plans for a more secure future. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://iisd.org/gsi/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="Global Subsidies Initiative"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=eQHxJNHg 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=JudYM07w 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=eCdT-MxK 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=1aBZb3Oi 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=IAZtqEJ1 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/GSI_symbol.png?itok=JudYM07w" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> Global Subsidies Initiative </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The IISD Global Subsidies Initiative (GSI) supports international processes, national governments, and civil society organizations to align subsidies with sustainable development. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.igfmining.org/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="The Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=dAGPb45G 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=8JcRSdbR 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=kNCZs3nZ 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=CjRlcWUb 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=FTXB-ReH 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/igf_symbol_only.png?itok=8JcRSdbR" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> The Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The IGF supports nations committed to leveraging mining for sustainable development to ensure negative impacts are limited and financial benefits are shared. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://sdg.iisd.org/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="SDG Knowledge Hub"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=aRJaU5Lh 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=JMzkBMGO 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=-QyXVTsP 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=UCY-2Hob 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=n2ZAVX0_ 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/SDG_symbol_final.png?itok=JMzkBMGO" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> SDG Knowledge Hub </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The SDG Knowledge Hub provides daily information on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://enb.iisd.org/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="Earth Negotiations Bulletin"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=p8bD9YCE 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=eS7tHAVR 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=m7hC9Zag 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=NJiJNJS- 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=U49gViYY 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2020-06/ENB_symbol_only.png?itok=eS7tHAVR" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> Earth Negotiations Bulletin </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Earth Negotiations Bulletin provides balanced, timely, and independent reporting on United Nations environment and development negotiations. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://nbi.iisd.org/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=t9Gs0vtv 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=m_orqnXI 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=vaej8yLu 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=7gW87WOD 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=AWBJFi-V 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-01/NBI%20-%20Logo.png?itok=m_orqnXI" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The NBI Global Resource Centre aims to establish the business case for nature-based infrastructure, providing data, training, and customized project valuations. </p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://iisd.org/ssi/" target="_blank" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three is-manual has-link has-summary" title="State of Sustainability Initiatives"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--featured_boxes is-logo"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_mobile/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=hAP6z9d4 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=g0qARb81 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_tablet/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=Mn9nY7eP 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_small_desktop/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=K4-QVTFv 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_desktop/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=ti90taJo 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/png"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_mobile/public/2022-01/SSI-%20%20logo.png?itok=g0qARb81" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="46704"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> State of Sustainability Initiatives </span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--external-arrow c-featured-box__external-icon"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#external-arrow"/> </svg> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> The State of Sustainability Initiatives examines how voluntary sustainability standards can support environmental and social goals. </p> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> <section class="c-featured-boxes o-section paragraph paragraph--type--featured-boxes paragraph--view-mode--default component-46705" id=component-46705> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-featured-boxes__heading o-block-heading"> <h2 class="o-block-heading__heading"> New Research </h2> </div> <p class="c-featured-boxes__summary"> IISD publishes objective, independent, high-quality research on sustainable development issues, including reports, policy briefs, and toolkits. </p> <div class="c-featured-boxes__inner o-card-container js-featured-box-container"> <a href="/publications/brief/due-diligence-regulations" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-large has-link has-summary" title="Fitting the Pieces of the Puzzle"> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18431"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fitting the Pieces of the Puzzle</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Governments are adopting sustainability standards for global value chains (GVCs), but businesses in the Global South face challenges in meeting these evolving regulations. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Brief</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">October 9, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/publications/guide/inclusive-nbs-climate-adaptation" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-large has-link has-summary" title="Inclusive Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Adaptation"> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18418"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Inclusive Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Adaptation</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Discover how climate change and biodiversity loss impact people differently and how inclusive nature-based solutions for adaptation can help. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Guide</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">October 1, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> <section class="c-featured-boxes o-section paragraph paragraph--type--featured-boxes paragraph--view-mode--default component-46711" id=component-46711> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-featured-boxes__heading o-block-heading"> <h2 class="o-block-heading__heading"> New Perspectives </h2> </div> <div class="c-featured-boxes__inner o-card-container js-featured-box-container"> <a href="/articles/explainer/what-will-happen-cop-29" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="What Will Happen at COP 29?"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--short_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=758BaXu2 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=qlfb5QsZ 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=hPp6JK4f 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=X02CJ3Cz 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=oXzkELzx 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-11/cop-29-mukhtar-babayev-unfccc-simon-stiell_0.jpg?h=01674580&amp;itok=qlfb5QsZ" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18501"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> What Will Happen at COP 29? </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> Talks at the 2024 UN Climate Change Conference (COP 29) will range from defining a way forward on finance through a new collective quantified goal (NCQG) to mitigation, and loss and damage. Ahead of negotiations in Baku, IISD鈥檚 Earth Negotiations Bulletin Team Lead Jennifer Bansard examines the agenda and breaks down what to watch as eyes turn to Azerbaijan. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Explainer</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">November 1, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/articles/insight/cop-29-intersectionality-climate-adaptation" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Advancing Gender Equality and Human Rights at COP 29: Why intersectionality matters"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--short_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=IaCYIvvX 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=MXjNGzk8 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=DJ2bPgUM 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=nwNitr-M 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=-kvWzo9m 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-11/woman-baby-rural-jamaica.jpg?h=3f9f0948&amp;itok=MXjNGzk8" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18506"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> Advancing Gender Equality and Human Rights at COP 29: Why intersectionality matters </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> There has been resistance to integrating intersectionality language in UNFCCC discussions, but Angie Daz茅 explains why it is a key step toward climate justice. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Insight</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">November 4, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/articles/explainer/how-can-fossil-fuel-levy-cut-emissions-finance-climate-action" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="How Can a Fossil Fuel Levy Cut Emissions and Finance Climate Action?"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--short_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=Sh_DJ8YO 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=DFUt13lR 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=rcPuJwOA 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=kMq0dIeG 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=xBUV-dYq 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-01/oil-pump-snow_1.jpg?h=160995c1&amp;itok=DFUt13lR" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18473"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"> How Can a Fossil Fuel Levy Cut Emissions and Finance Climate Action? </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> A levy on extracting fossil fuels could reduce emissions and help finance climate action. How can governments implement the most effective fossil fuel levy? </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Explainer</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">October 24, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="c-featured-boxes__button-wrapper"> <a class="o-button" href="/articles-9" title="Read our latest articles"> Read our latest articles</a> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> <section class="o-section paragraph paragraph--type--info-box paragraph--view-mode--default" id=component-46712> <div class="c-info-box"> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-info-box__inner"> <!-- This wrapper is required for positioning --> <div class="c-info-box__content"> <h2 class="c-info-box__heading"> Stay connected </h2> <p class="c-info-box__text"> Be the first to hear what&#039;s new in sustainable development. Sign up for our bi-weekly updates to receive a curated selection of our latest reports, articles, projects, and upcoming events. </p> <a class="c-info-box__link" href="/newsletter-signup" title="Yes, please!">Yes, please!</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-info-box__background"> <div class="c-media c-media--image c-media--banner"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_small_mobile/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg.webp?itok=LFEiD47y 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg?h=43c0c4e1&amp;itok=eesDkI2c 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg?h=43c0c4e1&amp;itok=dYCzWH0T 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_small_desktop/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg?h=43c0c4e1&amp;itok=yGaQqZA9 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_desktop/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg?h=43c0c4e1&amp;itok=j1Vm9oWO 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2020-07/Young-Woman-Man-Warehouse-Diverse.jpg?h=43c0c4e1&amp;itok=eesDkI2c" alt="A young man and woman stand over a desk in a warehouse looking at a phone" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> <section class="c-featured-boxes o-section paragraph paragraph--type--featured-boxes paragraph--view-mode--default component-46716" id=component-46716> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-featured-boxes__heading o-block-heading"> <h2 class="o-block-heading__heading"> Our Impact </h2> </div> <div class="c-featured-boxes__inner o-card-container js-featured-box-container"> <a href="/articles/success-story/women-turning-table-food-loss-waste-kenya" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Women Turning the Table on Food Loss and Waste in Kenya"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--long_form_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=YjU54ULm 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=K6NVsxGz 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=1DBrHkTs 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=3SigmdrQ 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=lO9k4VUK 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-10/malawi-food-market.jpg?h=56d0ca2e&amp;itok=K6NVsxGz" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18420"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Women Turning the Table on Food Loss and Waste in Kenya</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> A group of changemakers led a movement to tackle food loss and waste in Kenya. IISD experts have been working closely with local women leaders to make change happen. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Success story</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">October 2, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/articles/success-story/nsongwe-river-zambia-restoration-capa" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Hope Springs: How one community brought a river back from the brink"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--long_form_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=xlSdUMme 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=KO8e4XBl 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=7vnyTTTQ 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=xypy8S_O 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=sJXrVC2l 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/2024-09/nsongwe-river-restoration.jpg?h=378c6d85&amp;itok=KO8e4XBl" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="18422"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Hope Springs: How one community brought a river back from the brink </span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> For over a decade, a small group of community members in Zambia have been working to restore the Nsongwe River. Now, with support from IISD鈥檚 Climate Adaptation and Protected Areas Initiative, their goal is within reach. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Success story</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">September 19, 2024</p> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/articles/success-story/journey-end-fossil-fuel-subsidies-Canada" class="c-featured-box c-featured-box--size-small c-featured-box--layout-three has-link has-summary" title="Fueling Change: The journey to end fossil fuel subsidies in Canada"> <div class="c-featured-box__image-wrapper c-featured-box__image-wrapper--long_form_article"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_mobile/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=2qyDN9wE 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=905YBKRx 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 767px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_tablet/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=UZjmBLGy 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1017px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_small_desktop/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=4HcRNBKg 1x" media="only screen and (max-width: 1275px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_desktop/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=x6R2ch21 1x" media="only screen and (min-width: 1276px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/featured_box_landscape_mobile/public/publication/Oil%20rigs%20at%20sunset.jpg?h=79ce43ff&amp;itok=905YBKRx" alt="" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__content-wrapper js-featured-box" data-node-id="17767"> <div> <h3 class="c-featured-box__title"> <span class="c-featured-box__title-text"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fueling Change: The journey to end fossil fuel subsidies in Canada</span> </span> </h3> <p class="c-featured-box__summary"> How Canada became the first country in the world to introduce a framework for ending government subsidies to domestic oil and gas companies. </p> </div> <div class="c-featured-box__meta"> <p class="c-featured-box__subtype">Success story</p> <p class="c-featured-box__date">October 13, 2023</p> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="c-featured-boxes__button-wrapper"> <a class="o-button" href="/mission-and-goals/our-impact" title="More success stories"> More success stories</a> </div> </div> </section> <style> </style> </div> </article> <div class="u-clear"></div> </div> </main> <footer class="c-footer"> <div class="c-footer__top"> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-footer__inner c-footer__inner--top"> <div class="c-social-icons c-social-icons--inline-title"> <span class="c-social-icons__title">Follow us:</span> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://ca.linkedin.com/company/international-institute-for-sustainable-development" title="Follow us on Linkedin" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin c-social-icons--inline-title"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#linkedin"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://twitter.com/iisd_news" title="Follow us on X" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--x c-social-icons--inline-title"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#x"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/IISDnews?ref=ts&amp;fref=ts" title="Follow us on Facebook" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook c-social-icons--inline-title"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#facebook"/> </svg> </a> <a class="c-social-icons__icon-link" href="http://www.youtube.com/user/iisdvideo" title="See our channel on Youtube" target="_blank"><svg class="o-svg o-svg--youtube c-social-icons--inline-title"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#youtube"/> </svg> </a> </div> <nav aria-labelledby="block-footer-menu-menu" id="block-footer-menu" class="c-footer__menu block block-menu navigation menu--footer"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-menu-menu">Footer menu</h2> <ul class="c-footer__menu-list"> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/contact" class="c-footer__menu-item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3">Contact</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/mission-and-goals/employment-and-consulting" class="c-footer__menu-item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/49">Employment</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/accessibility" class="c-footer__menu-item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15078">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/ethics" class="c-footer__menu-item-link">Ethics</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/privacy-policy" class="c-footer__menu-item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="/terms-and-conditions" class="c-footer__menu-item-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15475">Terms and Conditions</a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://www.iisd.org/podcast" class="c-footer__menu-item-link">Podcast</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-footer__bottom"> <div class="u-container"> <div class="c-footer__inner c-footer__inner--bottom"> <div class="c-footer__credit-container"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--iisd-logo c-footer__logo-svg"> <use class="o-svg__use" xlink:href="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v=12#iisd-logo"/> </svg> <small class="c-footer__credit"> 漏 2024 International Institute for Sustainable Development. </small> </div> <form class="c-footer__newsletter-form" method="GET" action="https://www.iisd.org/newsletter-signup"> <label class="c-footer__newsletter-title">Sign up to IISD鈥檚 newsletter</label> <div class="c-footer__newsletter-form-content"> <input class="c-footer__newsletter-form-input" type="email" name="email" placeholder="Email" required/> <button class="c-footer__newsletter-form-submit o-button" type="submit">Sign up</button> </div> </form> <div class="c-footer__newsletter-button"> <span class="c-footer__newsletter-title">Sign up to IISD鈥檚 newsletter</span> <a class="c-footer__newsletter-button-link o-button" href="https://www.iisd.org/newsletter-signup" title="Go to the newsletter sign up page">Sign up</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="c-newsletter-popup"> <form class="c-newsletter-popup__form" method="GET" action="https://www.iisd.org/newsletter-signup"> <label class="c-newsletter-popup__title">Looking for more? Sign up for our newsletter</label> <div class="c-newsletter-popup__form-content"> <input class="c-newsletter-popup__form-input" type="email" name="email" placeholder="Email" required/> <button class="c-newsletter-popup__form-submit o-button" type="submit"> Sign up </button> </div> <div class="c-newsletter-popup__description"> Read our <a class="c-newsletter-popup__link" href="https://www.iisd.org/privacy-policy"> Privacy policy </a>. </div> </form> <div class="c-newsletter-popup__button"> <a class="c-c-newsletter-popup__button-link o-button" href="https://www.iisd.org/newsletter-signup" title="Go to the newsletter sign up page"> Sign up </a> </div> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/15493","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":true,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"simple_popup_blocks":{"settings":[{"identifier":"c-newsletter-popup","uid":"newsletter_popup","type":"1","css_selector":"0","layout":"3","visit_counts":"0","overlay":"0","trigger_method":"0","trigger_selector":"#custom-css-id","enable_escape":"0","delay":"0","minimize":"0","close":"1","use_time_frequency":"0","time_frequency":"3600","show_minimized_button":"0","width":"386","cookie_expiry":"100","status":"1","trigger_width":""}]},"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":true,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":false,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBy clicking the Accept button, you agree to us doing so.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003ENo, thanks\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003ENo, thanks\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/privacy-policy","popup_link_new_window":true,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":false,"cookie_name":"","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":false,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":100,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"opt_in","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"1","cookie_value_agreed":"2","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"close_banner","open_by_default":true,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"49626ab4d8d89daeac5f85d44733b4742e0398e7543b8ab75a59b24ef539b887"}}</script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.6.3"></script> <script src="/core/misc/polyfills/element.matches.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/core/misc/polyfills/object.assign.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery-once/jquery.once.min.js?v=2.2.3"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/picturefill/picturefill.min.js?v=3.0.3"></script> <script src="/core/misc/jquery.once.bc.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/simple_popup_blocks/js/simple_popup_blocks.js?v=9.5.11"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-throttle-debounce/1.1/jquery.ba-throttle-debounce.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.perfect-scrollbar/1.4.0/perfect-scrollbar.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/svg4everybody/2.1.9/svg4everybody.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/object-fit-images/3.2.4/ofi.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/magnific-popup.js/1.1.0/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js"></script> <script src="/themes/iisd-shared/iisd_base/assets/js/header.js?v=1"></script> <script src="/themes/iisd-shared/iisd_base/assets/js/header-search.js?v=1"></script> <script src="/themes/iisd-shared/iisd_base/assets/js/social-sharing.js?v=1"></script> <script src="/themes/iisd-shared/iisd_base/assets/js/responsive-table.js?v=1"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?v=3.0.1"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-once/2.2.3/jquery.once.min.js"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/js/featured-box.js?snd9w8"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/js/header-social.js?snd9w8"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/iisd/assets/js/newsletter-popup.js?snd9w8"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=9.5.11" defer></script> <script src="/modules/custom/iisd_backend/assets/js/paragraphs.js?v=1"></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10