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href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Jwawon" title="Perang Jwawon – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Jwawon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_Jwa-won" title="Slaget ved Jwa-won – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slaget ved Jwa-won" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jwawon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Jwawon Savaşı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jwawon Savaşı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Jwawon</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>172</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Jwawon, <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <p>Goguryeo victory </p> (according to samguk sagi)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Han_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Dynasty">Han</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Myeongnim_Dap-bu" title="Myeongnim Dap-bu">Myeongnim Dap-bu</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geng_Lin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geng Lin (page does not exist)">Geng Lin</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 8000-10000</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Around 10,000</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Battle of Jwawon</b> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">좌원전투</span></span>; <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">坐原戰鬪</span></span>) was a battle between the forces of the Han's <a href="/wiki/Xuantu_Commandery" title="Xuantu Commandery">Xuantu Commandery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a>. It resulted in a victory under the command of <a href="/wiki/Myeongnim_Dap-bu" title="Myeongnim Dap-bu">Myeongnim Dap-bu</a> during the 26th year of the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sindae_of_Goguryeo" title="Sindae of Goguryeo">King Sindae</a>, the 8th ruler of Goguryeo. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_coup_d'etat_of_165"><span id="The_coup_d.27etat_of_165"></span>The coup d'etat of 165</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jwawon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The coup d'etat of 165"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 165, the news of the death of <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a>'s 7th king spread throughout the land. The man responsible for the death of the king was Myeongnim Dap-bu, a <span title="Korean-language text"><i lang="ko-Latn">Joui seonin</i></span> and court official. Myeongnim Dap-Bu invited the dead ruler's youngest and only surviving brother, Prince Go Baek-gu, to the kingdom's capital to become the next ruler of Goguryeo. </p><p>The Prince became Goguryeo's 8th <a href="/wiki/Sindae_of_Goguryeo" title="Sindae of Goguryeo">King Sindae</a>, during that year. This coup was the first successful military revolt in Goguryeo's history. Myeongnim Dap-Bu was given the position of <i>Guksang</i> (국상, 國相, Prime Minister), and became the first Prime Minister of Goguryeo. Myeongnim Dap-Bu was never recorded to have abused his position, but strengthened the nation's strength economically, politically, and militarily.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/Han_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Empire">Han Empire</a> assembled a large army and prepared to invade <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> in the year 172.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Battle_of_Jwa-Won">The Battle of Jwa-Won</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jwawon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The Battle of Jwa-Won"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 169 AD, <a href="/wiki/Xuantu_Commandery" title="Xuantu Commandery">Xuantu</a> governor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geng_Lin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geng Lin (page does not exist)">Geng Lin</a> invaded Goguryeo, killing hundreds. Goguryeo submitted to the rule of <a href="/wiki/Liaodong_Commandery" title="Liaodong Commandery">Liaodong Commandery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Samguk_Sagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Samguk Sagi">Samguk Sagi</a>, in 172 AD, Geng Lin led another military campaign against Goguryeo. In preparation for the invasion, Myeongnim Dap-Bu filled in the local wells, and made sure that the surrounding land could yield no food supply to the enemy forces. In addition, a moat was made, and many lines of defense were made outside of Goguryeo's capital, Guknae Fortress, at a place called Jwa-Won. The Goguryeo forces retreated into the fortress, and protected it upon the arrival of the enemy troops. After days of siege, the Han army was exhausted, and began to retreat. Myeongnim Dap-bu took advantage of the enemy's retreat and ambushed the Han army as they were beginning to retreat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The 172 campaign, the battle of Jwa-Won, was not recorded in the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Later_Han" title="Book of the Later Han">Book of the Later Han</a></i> or the <i><a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">Records of the Three Kingdoms</a></i>, while the 169 campaign was documented. The battle of Jwa-Won only appears in <a href="/wiki/Samguk_Sagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Samguk Sagi">Samguk Sagi</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">Records of the Three Kingdoms</a></i> only state that sometime around 175 AD, <a href="/wiki/Sindae_of_Goguryeo" title="Sindae of Goguryeo">King Sindae</a> asked to be governed by <a href="/wiki/Xuantu_Commandery" title="Xuantu Commandery">Xuantu Commandery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jwawon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Han_conquest_of_Gojoseon" title="Han conquest of Gojoseon">Han conquest of Gojoseon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jwawon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Samguk_Sagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Samguk Sagi">Samguk Sagi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Later_Han" title="Book of the Later Han">Book of the Later Han</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">Records of the Three Kingdoms</a></i></li> <li>　《三国史记》："八年　冬十一月　汉以大兵向我　王问群臣　战守孰便　众议曰　汉兵恃众轻我　若不出战　彼以我为怯　数来　且我国山险而路隘　此所谓　一夫当关　万夫莫当者　也　汉兵虽众　无如我何　请出师御之　答夫曰　不然　汉国大民众　今以强兵远斗　其锋不可当也　而又兵众者宜战　兵少者宜守　兵家之常也　今汉人千里转粮　不能持久　若我深沟高垒　淸野以待之　彼必不过旬月　饥困而归　我以劲卒薄之　可以得志　王然之　婴城固守　汉人攻之不克　士卒饥饿引还　答夫帅数千骑追之　战于坐原　汉军大败　匹马不反　王大悦　赐答夫坐原及质山　为食邑"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Jwawon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Later_Han" title="Book of the Later Han">後漢書</a>/卷85》: "建寧二年玄菟太守耿臨討之斬首數百級伯固降服乞屬玄菟云"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">三国志</a>/卷30》: "靈帝建寧二年玄菟太守耿臨討之斬首虜數百級伯固降屬遼東."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Samguk_Sagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Samguk Sagi">三国史记</a>》: "四年汉玄菟郡太守耿临来侵杀我军数百人王自降乞属玄菟"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">三国志</a>/卷30》:"熹平中伯固乞屬玄菟"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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