CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '912d3b58ede1a054',cH: 'lB1OEwXeSp8Vrcc.amy_PLb1d9pvqiTEuOfMqIzD6t0-1739705701-1.2.1.1-Ozlnhfv5xKEhnMlJOQ_B2qnO.9GqloJFh8M5TVtvxf7SwbmAroVA.Pm9WEx6ft1p',cUPMDTk: "\/10006534\/mla?__cf_chl_tk=c5AEuQyz33SAaohizcrnjGhVQr7lVRQrqizNSe8NxWw-1739705701-1.0.1.1-PrLP0urVGZf_Ld0qj1.K2_VK5Y1vp8gMD5nqg90ox8s",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739705701',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10006534\/mla?__cf_chl_f_tk=c5AEuQyz33SAaohizcrnjGhVQr7lVRQrqizNSe8NxWw-1739705701-1.0.1.1-PrLP0urVGZf_Ld0qj1.K2_VK5Y1vp8gMD5nqg90ox8s",md: "H706NBj4tUH2bCzM1APcD.fw2zafw8HA3PIZBS0KJHE-1739705701-1.2.1.1-V7NjWSHdqa7ByYcT36N_3NhGDdipNBqEgR.farf6x35UUSFtRCGOzs4CpV7MCJ3rz8HZCUBPbOsz4lIUckXly4XLK.5u6J5Ba8S76_vJHyIUdGO76E4KCAynH50WBG5JF4k3He5QswFyN6uRX2CfXrpWqHn6JI4gcNQa5s6lAyEATE6qvsQ7aGZyW_bO9GnfRhzdR3Y3VruwHOvsJyRFwIeF0V02uL5tkEpfwKcdaG3KWk65rbf7szt0bqOOZJGlAwl3cywIg8cfGU4Pqm968zJqwNVQopLkrCL8rhVSsjjxs2_YTtBIQMzD_vB6mhO2L.Dd86kknNOU48KcLZ4BbYpurQjJIbyPSBLxp0WN.niGkE6iGtw9DUbcbKuLP65TNVu89dFvYjP9Q7TgtvBKa6kD2DFb_0N3mUIYOpt9DODxlAUzQfCuWxR65cs018nK8HEpuYH8Fc0E.cpdjEWUiRsDICNDK81m.9VEjROf02MTWnqr4wgr5GM5UHGbwTDljiJLHLr5RXgj9r2.KcElVPxhoWgpaCvOOBb.Oyd2dmvvN52hdOJNtXVKO3gBstPiiQvqEjJO0jVnEnX68jb1xnKowLDthKPLyQ7WVDFR1Wuupak9VnulQ_t7kYR1_gFlM0h9vBFJFbN7LywOvquMynimKXHY0K6kZKHTsjFFh4jp2MlnIDmReKnafTYNqdsRNQxNwK.pzi99WseXocYilNyBFElHQvrt8P5IZkqwx1CuOE.WTverPvcHxexRzuJug0iNest0XHhIyiYixghkIhBquK.FsekgbZ45p1GzUBnqNDOXT4J8ltY7F.fec29325k6kRIhLYCUdQWlP.qlxL9drjoAiArj8QexsGvPaE7B8tqgbSkyBc2XfZZLfGUoPVusujf50eatYM7yyWykAzWpiCpQnObawRM6L_Aw9rZaDigJ5KuWUPuGlh1VA0Gg4c_sQHgxr16MjDUIMrzgTkGBRJWb7OLioRqvB_OyHdvgaLoczkb8w.MCcnvFFvTzw2fCJRjBfrNhXCLjwTX5JMTHIvaYrLAYQGaSVbw2N0w.nKfwnqWdIL8ubPJgZGytgsVBwXoBQ0FfYNrRqvSMHkgcuLcrxU5QtWP0howJY7jjK2VgwtY6K2ncDlS_Fd3cEu9Tmi2tqghAxn5nNFLaS.O926uej7yQz4rzBKiVW5dgif5Xq0OdhS1xfBT6zNhwc1ZyAvWe9UafS6T4mk0mXmDR7OxjfsftoiAb99X6na5KHdFH616IvYif5VLDkBaW4tk8kiGNYtyGOdqJ9hjH2T3LaA.Uj9bGM6l3fHnXqFewOYPsOgpYkGgX_mcqAATF4x8gFUxwNZiGcpKMYS9dJ6mfS6.U29COPMJK9k_dfN0_PwyGbI8Df34BpCA2ZylmkdmIpGovZRbu0ullic3ONGP3EAuY4yyoizjubppNvvYVFn0SnQTa3l1H_i3dPuy_g5wgF3jpoVEaq8BP5wZgjE1_q6bZc1gfQFNJO2r8wjpoXp.MKbmqbhuXKbNGLukEkVo0eNWVr7ayGZagnYjKSFMYUBrLzQA.LABTXv0k4wBvV5yRtNVx1gzS.rR7t8fRKImUCAGTXNEA7ApSdDz5nGGbdPPJMGiqDZl7X0aCMcHapVMA7J0HUsRtfGymmSWVvDBqLPNXrC9eBlh99cFeDS1UugeIwBEtDwxg3jAZJbI0BYV1t1BNfrZLs_ekiXDNqSK3gOyPbkxbxYTzYcxXGo22b8CgtFy1rm2xSvXmvdzMxjHF6Wjtlkf6Ro1zG4SumKPbUWgE6PtdvMp1igYD7ClETMnvTaom6MY.b4uceNYl.WbcGhp6MnQ2sgb5li4.GSUluCu4y9zARdBUXsaeqKLkiqjBQpLBJ5_wSen0wJ4",mdrd: "8yE9WcnBXd9gHREFT.jR57GE_KJotrbY9rWJ0IpQMck-1739705701-1.2.1.1-Ntv5mdUX0Rkp2nauAVC_3E2tlAykQDkYtJMZoyRt1s3Wd1PR_7.YDdyIRBb.AqNmw8ftbhlPxsQhOLMoAvS8qIrn9KDgiX81JTy8UqGHtUJv5hiL6dV__FvItnSwrnUNwv4POngv31D1l6xP9yhJ5D0U9PgQLYoaegnLksCLDDNBU7kRO3seergH_7XLAPazZ5QnwDoC7jp5kh5gAP1AoIlWnjYGuuqa_oEyNMOVZqTFRWpmmFIGOB7ewgFU3VMyE84dONAirIuL.rplGZzrJbxroMw_8UfetDEpHiFPLMmGIhyk6WX1yud_hG5Xkq0n0Xwz0cExP4POMFPAUWtX.sW9W96wMJpMaL2kp4IeqtgJlgttb3ED7PO1k1hWbDSD4pLkbCCNUWBEW9R7B_osjSeZ8UYLOEWXppGbI10Bp7skFlqZrYN9MsTVwrhK0W4nMgmVQjtrNyYLNMrycPiSiJFwMfQdcazL9tyigokdLkKWCFzX8FMisxf1sVx4j0jxaImDZe0CGH4FKXMW.Yj.An54eDDYjxA6apS8GEFsfKsTN3BB2l8iGdKA6SFKr_LvyHO1.8mN6lXLJkGfIBdK33xhYYRiL715o3dcIgkPGJ059Lz8HaEJv0jEO7yLjI5r80Iyhqi4B2V2Mvvc1Zyc0fRl8im.U0VKwzlJOwRHRlTRtJRh.GjISZxsMSpSG4pf4UYcCvFsuWEy1Ev6Z1.CwR6.hPQ3glOF0AdokzsTIaC4JG6Nt6QCGTI20R6CsJETB5LudL2Wiyd1AlaTrv23OXxtFYSzQjAxQvQCl_nL8YrFxDGg3feEdJoCgsj8w9Esm83UtLtNXYlsKRh7GAI6oduWF.VDu9YMIPzsxrQTfbPW8JZyv7wQ6IzBQ9IY1MEy4.KEdjNjEugnaziWUxmHaCwmfXiEtdHHJC1rWPs3M2HiIUJITg2bOAA18noW0BKtvz1IINvRbGN9IE0Jqxlhx317qdPlYItNf.qv4oWxxwpIvg9jy7NXBkjBUxNC5PHXb1h5caFt8hBhIlWbE37uNsbYlUV3hTxrk.FCsjdZ35FwBOli0ykxsLV0QY5xqoaOLya_NKFQeyLbOb2ReBhcpDzKtnE1EFZa1ew8eW1ILPwjjyEPAXAw96v74E7PrUuaGWpKKZapmYybcU9YwnHvBQiLS12UTo5c2VU41xrfxz2aEJDdUJZScH6f97IA81QYP_Yl02aaGFeAvihWXTIyJDwXK5YzM3z0IyM.STG4E7jxmfCE6qlqxO4qb.v.uzS0Raw7w2.tIyhNpdHgbvNDeDWnRbyvIaG273vxxXcHo65EEGJ4ovliDMMRElkaGFQOnurqIlzGd3ZcS6lyInoLgA1NF4sQmf3J2jsLD5rXPuyyfzoEoOeEZeYoWEtg2lm.g_2XLfOEyHq981iiksoTgElOD8GVfngFqA4qZItTonjJcdGmL00qUF7lZBuTWOuqs7_okzQ1W9O4ImU8N._QHk5EIjV3EB3bdqbc6d8v7lSjP1ErKubz70laGtlMko7HDN3DjdwOMjD5InrH8GfvH.YQ_OI.kB4AxTgWAygVNfL0yOigqUchLf1fIB17k63lJcT6EhN1WyhUAGc3iipnfMCrOYAYMnXsrcRjSoscDMC1RzU60qLqH6U_9ieM0xA7Re3fG.0a5rYtBcNsuKIS_tTzPuR3UetyDrSfFNEtWmqPFU3Zi2ZkpyYuMmUmPMiAzTeyG7eHcCGOxEY5Thc20HPzi8rhXWW0rFzG8EbkUyIP7gW.PkX6KCqirQziMTX5wQEwoFH_WrvGvsW3dS4g1v958.vQAASiZ2fbNXoOVupuCeYkgmqSQpn7mwOfq7X6JY.KlIvGj.nRJjLwfC.ymdd6fUwfIyqiETT1wdpS5zKJp6TSogc7Y.gubO3c28gGBLjN9uRlmumBVtSooOwTQZiu1HOT28MC2WFLo.UQHGA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=912d3b58ede1a054';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10006534\/mla?__cf_chl_rt_tk=c5AEuQyz33SAaohizcrnjGhVQr7lVRQrqizNSe8NxWw-1739705701-1.0.1.1-PrLP0urVGZf_Ld0qj1.K2_VK5Y1vp8gMD5nqg90ox8s" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>