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institutional logic</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: institutional logic"> <meta name="keywords" content="institutional logic"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="institutional logic"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1797</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: institutional logic</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1797</span> Evolution of Relations among Multiple Institutional Logics: A Case Study from a Higher Education Institution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%20Jiang">Ye Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To examine how the relationships among multiple institutional logics vary over time and the factors that may impact this process, we conducted a 15-year in-depth longitudinal case study of a Higher Education Institution to examine its exploration in college student management. By employing constructive grounded theory, we developed a four-stage process model comprising separation, formalization, selective bridging, and embeddedness that showed how two contradictory logics become complementary, and finally become a new hybridized logic. We argue that selective bridging is an important step in changing inter-logic relations. We also found that ambidextrous leadership and situational sensemaking are two key factors that drive this process. Our contribution to the literature is threefold. First, we enhance the literature on the changing relationships among multiple institutional logics and our findings advance the understanding of relationships between multiple logics through a dynamic view. While most studies have tended to assume that the relationship among logics is static and persistently in a contentious state, we contend that the relationships among multiple institutional logics can change over time. Competitive logics can become complementary, and a new hybridized logic can emerge therefrom. The four-stage logic hybridization process model offers insights on the logic hybridization process, which is underexplored in the literature. Second, our research reveals that selective bridging is important in making conflicting logics compatible, and thus constitutes a key step in creating new hybridized logic dynamics. Our findings suggest that the relations between multiple logics are manageable and can thus be manipulated for organizational innovation. Finally, the factors influencing the variations in inter-logic relations enrich the understanding of the antecedents of these dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title="institutional theory">institutional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20logics" title=" institutional logics"> institutional logics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambidextrous%20leadership" title=" ambidextrous leadership"> ambidextrous leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=situational%20sensemaking" title=" situational sensemaking"> situational sensemaking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148760/evolution-of-relations-among-multiple-institutional-logics-a-case-study-from-a-higher-education-institution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1796</span> Mathematical and Fuzzy Logic in the Interpretation of the Quran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Khorrami">Morteza Khorrami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The logic as an intellectual infrastructure plays an essential role in the Islamic sciences. Hence, there are a few of the verses of the Holy Quran that their interpretation is not possible due to lack of proper logic. In many verses in the Quran, argument and the respondent has requested from the audience that shows the logic rule is in the Quran. The paper which use a descriptive and analytic method, tries to show the role of logic in understanding of the Quran reasoning methods and display some of Quranic statements with mathematical symbols and point that we can help these symbols for interesting and interpretation and answering to some questions and doubts. In this paper, this problem has been mentioned that the Quran did not use two-valued logic (Aristotelian) in all cases, but the fuzzy logic can also be searched in the Quran. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aristotelian%20logic" title="aristotelian logic">aristotelian logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpretation" title=" interpretation"> interpretation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holy%20Quran" title=" Holy Quran"> Holy Quran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37444/mathematical-and-fuzzy-logic-in-the-interpretation-of-the-quran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">676</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1795</span> User Perceptions Deviation from the Producers’ Intended Meaning of a Healthcare Innovation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helle%20Nissen">Helle Nissen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical objects surrounding people in healthcare environments are carriers of institutional logics materialized into the objects by its producers. However, institutional logics research lacks to inform us how logics become materialized and are perceived by producers vs. users of an object. The study is based on a 3-year longitudinal case study of a Danish Public Private Innovation project aiming to co-create an innovative healthcare bed commercialized to public psychiatric hospitals. The producers are a private metal firm and industrial designers from two Danish regions. The findings demonstrate that the metal firm and designers, as producers, negotiate about materializing different logics into the bed throughout the innovation process. An aesthetic logic is prioritized most, and the producers encode it with the intention to develop a bed that looks homely and less hospital-like compared to previous and existing healthcare beds. After the bed is put into use, the aesthetic logic is decoded by the users. Their perception of it differs significantly from the producers’ intended meaning, as the healthcare bed is perceived as sterile. The study has theoretical implications: It demonstrates how logics become materialized ‘here and now’, and it reveals logics as less governed by stable and clear meanings but rather as subject to changeable perceptions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-creation" title="co-creation">co-creation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20innovation" title=" healthcare innovation"> healthcare innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercialization" title=" commercialization"> commercialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20logics" title=" institutional logics"> institutional logics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171523/user-perceptions-deviation-from-the-producers-intended-meaning-of-a-healthcare-innovation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1794</span> Dual-Rail Logic Unit in Double Pass Transistor Logic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamdi%20Belgacem">Hamdi Belgacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fradi%20Aymen"> Fradi Aymen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we present a low power, low cost differential logic unit (LU). The proposed LU receives dual-rail inputs and generates dual-rail outputs. The proposed circuit can be used in Arithmetic and Logic Units (ALU) of processor. It can be also dedicated for self-checking applications based on dual duplication code. Four logic functions as well as their inverses are implemented within a single Logic Unit. The hardware overhead for the implementation of the proposed LU is lower than the hardware overhead required for standard LU implemented with standard CMOS logic style. This new implementation is attractive as fewer transistors are required to implement important logic functions. The proposed differential logic unit can perform 8 Boolean logical operations by using only 16 transistors. Spice simulations using a 32 nm technology was utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed circuit and to prove its acceptable electrical behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20logic%20unit" title="differential logic unit">differential logic unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20pass%20transistor%20logic" title=" double pass transistor logic"> double pass transistor logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20power%20CMOS%20design" title=" low power CMOS design"> low power CMOS design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20cost%20CMOS%20design" title=" low cost CMOS design"> low cost CMOS design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35814/dual-rail-logic-unit-in-double-pass-transistor-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1793</span> Corporate Social Responsibility vs Corporate Social Reactivity: An Exploration of Corporate Social Responsibility Planning in a Multinational Oil and Gas in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endang%20Ghani%20Ashfiya">Endang Ghani Ashfiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores corporate social responsibility (CSR) planning in a downstream business of multinational oil and gas company in Indonesia from managerial perspectives. The institutional logic is employed in this research to gain a comprehensive understanding of the way the MNC manages the socio-cultural aspects in the host countries, especially in the process of translation and adaptation of the company’s CSR global guidelines. The interviews are conducted with fifteen managers in that company, both at the top managerial level and operational level. In the beginning, this research explains the Indonesian society’s conception of CSR from the managerial standpoints. The society’s understanding of the CSR concept becomes the fundamental foundations of the company in developing CSR programs. This study found the company’s approach to its CSR in two ways. First, proactive CSR which reflects the global CSR guidelines. Second, reactive CSR which do not show any explicit relations to the global guidelines, but conform with society’s demands. The findings stimulate discussions regarding the power of an MNC vis-à-vis the socio-cultural implication in society’s demand for CSR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibility%20planning" title="corporate social responsibility planning">corporate social responsibility planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20logic" title=" institutional logic"> institutional logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multinational%20company" title=" multinational company"> multinational company</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20company" title=" oil and gas company"> oil and gas company</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-cultural%20aspects" title=" socio-cultural aspects"> socio-cultural aspects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127113/corporate-social-responsibility-vs-corporate-social-reactivity-an-exploration-of-corporate-social-responsibility-planning-in-a-multinational-oil-and-gas-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1792</span> A Connected Structure of All-Optical Logic Gate “NOT-AND”</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roumaissa%20Derdour">Roumaissa Derdour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lebbal%20Mohamed%20Redha"> Lebbal Mohamed Redha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a study of the transmission of the all-optical logic gate using a structure connected with a triangular photonic crystal lattice that is improved. The proposed logic gate consists of a photonic crystal nano-resonator formed by changing the size of the air holes. In addition to the simplicity, the response time is very short, and the designed nano-resonator increases the bit rate of the logic gate. The two-dimensional finite difference time domain (2DFDTD) method is used to simulate the structure; the transmission obtained is about 98% with very negligible losses. The proposed photonic crystal AND logic gate is widely used in future integrated optical microelectronics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logic%20gates" title="logic gates">logic gates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystals" title=" photonic crystals"> photonic crystals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20integrated%20circuits" title=" optical integrated circuits"> optical integrated circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20cavities" title=" resonant cavities"> resonant cavities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161597/a-connected-structure-of-all-optical-logic-gate-not-and" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1791</span> Adoption of Performance Management System in a Saudi Telecom Company: An Institutional Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Buhaya">Mohammed Buhaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the decision, implementation process and the outcomes of the introduction of the balanced scorecard in a developing country having particular regard to the impacts of agency and institutional, endogenous and exogenous. Design/methodology/approach: This study builds on a longitudinal explanatory case study, an institutional framework, especially Ter-Bogt and Scapens (2014) framework. Findings: Empirical findings drawn from a telecom company indicate that the dynamics of change of the company are influenced by the interconnection of external institutions and the company's situation and internal institutions encompassing issues of power, politics, and culture. Organizational practice introduced to secure external legitimacy is not always the case. The adoption of the balanced scorecard was the instrumental manner and had revolutionary change. Originality/value: In contrast to much previous research on management accounting practice, the paper analyses the process of change in one of developing country. The study also sheds new light on the power of religion as one of institutional logics and how this logic rises to potential to influence management accounting change among actors and achieving the company’s targets. This paper highlights how the culture and values can play a vital role in making the process of change smoother. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced%20scorecard" title="balanced scorecard">balanced scorecard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional" title=" institutional"> institutional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20accounting%20practice" title=" management accounting practice"> management accounting practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rules" title=" rules"> rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20routines" title=" and routines "> and routines </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90558/adoption-of-performance-management-system-in-a-saudi-telecom-company-an-institutional-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1790</span> Transformative Concept of Logic to Islamic Science: Reflections on Al-Ghazālī's Influence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umar%20Sheikh%20Tahir">Umar Sheikh Tahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Before al-Ghazālī, Islamic scholars perceived logic as an intrusive knowledge. The knowledge therefore, did not receive ample attention among scholars on how it should be adapted into Islamic sciences. General scholarship in that period rejects logic as an instrumental knowledge. This attitude became unquestionable to the scholars from different perspectives with diversification of suggestions in the pre-al-Ghazālī’s period. However, al-Ghazālī proclaimed with new perspective that transform Logic from ‘intrusive knowledge’ to a useful tool for Islamic sciences. This study explores the contributions of al-Ghazālī to epistemology regarding the use and the relevance of Logic. The study applies qualitative research methodology dealing strictly with secondary data from medieval age and contemporary sources. The study concludes that al-Ghazālī’s contributions which supported the transformation of Logic to useful tool in the Muslim world were drawn from his experience within Islamic tradition. He succeeded in reconciling Islamic tradition with the wisdom of Greek sciences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Ghaz%C4%81l%C4%AB" title="Al-Ghazālī">Al-Ghazālī</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20logic" title=" classical logic"> classical logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epistemology" title=" epistemology"> epistemology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamdom%20and%20Islamic%20sciences" title=" Islamdom and Islamic sciences"> Islamdom and Islamic sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56474/transformative-concept-of-logic-to-islamic-science-reflections-on-al-ghazalis-influence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1789</span> Institutional Determinants of Economic Growth in Georgia and in Other Post-Communist Economies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazira%20Kakulia">Nazira Kakulia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsotne%20Zhghenti"> Tsotne Zhghenti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The institutional development is one of the actual topics in economics science. New trends and directions of institutional development mostly depend on its structure and framework. Transformation of institutions is an important problem for every economy, especially for developing countries. The first research goal is to determine the importance and interactions between different institutions in Georgia. Using World Governance Indicators and Economic Freedom indexes it can be calculated the size for each institutional group. The second aim of this research is to evaluate Georgian institutional backwardness in comparison to other post-communist economies. We use statistical and econometric methods to evaluate the difference between the levels of institutional development in Georgia and in leading post-communist economies. Within the scope of this research, major findings are coefficients which are an assessment of their deviation (i.e. lag) of institutional indicators between Georgia and leading post-communist country which should be compared. The last part of the article includes analysis around the selected coefficients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-communist%20transition" title="post-communist transition">post-communist transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutions" title=" institutions"> institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title=" economic growth"> economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20development" title=" institutional development"> institutional development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100913/institutional-determinants-of-economic-growth-in-georgia-and-in-other-post-communist-economies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1788</span> Multiple Institutional Logics and the Ability of Institutional Entrepreneurs: An Analysis in the Turkish Education Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mira%C3%A7%20Sava%C5%9F%20Turhan">Miraç Savaş Turhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Dani%C5%9Fman"> Ali Danişman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently scholars of new institutional theory have used institutional logics perspective to explain the contradictory practices in modern western societies. Accordingly, distinct institutional logics are embedded in central institutions such as the market, state, democracy, family, and religion. They guide individual and organizational actors and constraint their behaviors in a particular organizational field. Through this perspective, actors are assumed to have a situated, embedded, boundedly intentional, and adaptive role against the structure in social, cultural and political context. On the other hand, over a decade, there is an emerging attempt focusing on the role of actors on creating, maintaining, and changing the institutions. Such attempts brought out the concept of institutional entrepreneurs to explain the role of individual actors in relation to institutions. Institutional entrepreneurs are individuals, groups of individuals, organizations or groups of organizations that are able to initiate some actions to build, maintain or change institutions. While recent studies on institutional logics perspective have attempted to explain roles of entrepreneurial actors who have resources and skills, little is known about the effects of multiple institutional logics on the ability of institutional entrepreneurs. In this study, we aim to find out that how multiple institutional logics affect the ability of institutional entrepreneurs during the process of institutional change. We examine this issue in the Turkish Education Field. While institutional logics were identified based on the previous studies in the education field, the actions taken by Turkish National Education Ministry from 2003 to 2013 was examined through content analysis The early results indicate that there are remarkable shift and contradictions in the ability of institutional entrepreneur in taking actions to change the field in relationship to balance of power shift among the carriers of institutional logics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title="institutional theory">institutional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20logics" title=" institutional logics"> institutional logics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20entrepreneurs" title=" institutional entrepreneurs"> institutional entrepreneurs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkish%20national%20education" title=" Turkish national education "> Turkish national education </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25623/multiple-institutional-logics-and-the-ability-of-institutional-entrepreneurs-an-analysis-in-the-turkish-education-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1787</span> Author Self-Archiving in Open Access Institutional Repositories for Awareness Creation in Universities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwame%20Kodua-Ntim">Kwame Kodua-Ntim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study explored the authors self-archiving to create awareness of open-access institutional repositories in universities. The qualitative approach of the study was informed by the interpretive paradigm as well as the case research design. The target population for the study was all twelve (12) open-access institutional repositories managers and administrators purposively selected from the five (5) universities in Ghana. The universities were chosen since they were the only ones listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that academics had some information about self-archiving in open-access institutional repositories and university libraries with open-access institutional repositories were using DSpace software. Managers and administrators of open-access institutional repositories mediated content uploaded and believed that author self-archiving could improve awareness of open-access institutional repositories. The study recommended that universities should fully implement the author’s self-archiving protocol, and academics should be trained to be able to upload research works onto open-access institutional repositories. Furthermore, the university and university library should provide rigorous policies on author self-archiving and incentives for author self-archiving in the open access institutional repositories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=author" title="author">author</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20repositories" title=" institutional repositories"> institutional repositories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20access" title=" open access"> open access</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20archive" title=" open archive"> open archive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-archiving" title=" self-archiving"> self-archiving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161785/author-self-archiving-in-open-access-institutional-repositories-for-awareness-creation-in-universities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1786</span> Institutional Segmantation and Country Clustering: Implications for Multinational Enterprises Over Standardized Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Hoon%20Han">Jung-Hoon Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jooyoung%20Kwak"> Jooyoung Kwak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distances between cultures, institutions are gaining academic attention once again since the classical debate on the validity of globalization. Despite the incessant efforts to define international segments with various concepts, no significant attempts have been made considering the institutional dimensions. Resource-based theory and institutional theory provides useful insights in assessing market environment and understanding when and how MNEs loose or gain advantages. This study consists of two parts: identifying institutional clusters and predicting the effect of MNEs’ origin on the applicability of competitive advantages. MNEs in one country cluster are expected to use similar management systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title="institutional theory">institutional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource-based%20theory" title=" resource-based theory"> resource-based theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20environment" title=" institutional environment"> institutional environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20dimensions" title=" cultural dimensions"> cultural dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20analysis" title=" cluster analysis"> cluster analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardized%20management" title=" standardized management"> standardized management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20782/institutional-segmantation-and-country-clustering-implications-for-multinational-enterprises-over-standardized-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1785</span> Maximum Power Point Tracking Using FLC Tuned with GA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Amine%20Haraoubia">Mohamed Amine Haraoubia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Hamzaoui"> Abdelaziz Hamzaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najib%20Essounbouli"> Najib Essounbouli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pursuit of the MPPT has led to the development of many kinds of controllers, one of which is the Fuzzy Logic Controller, which has proven its worth. To further tune this controller this paper will discuss and analyze the use of Genetic Algorithms to tune the Fuzzy Logic Controller. It will provide an introduction to both systems, and test their compatibility and performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic%20controller" title="fuzzy logic controller">fuzzy logic controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20point" title=" maximum power point"> maximum power point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20point%20tracking" title=" maximum power point tracking"> maximum power point tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7055/maximum-power-point-tracking-using-flc-tuned-with-ga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1784</span> Improving Ride Comfort of a Bus Using Fuzzy Logic Controlled Suspension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujde%20Turkkan">Mujde Turkkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurkan%20Yagiz"> Nurkan Yagiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study an active controller is presented for vibration suppression of a full-bus model. The bus is modelled having seven degrees of freedom. Using the achieved model via Lagrange Equations the system equations of motion are derived. The suspensions of the bus model include air springs with two auxiliary chambers are used. Fuzzy logic controller is used to improve the ride comfort. The numerical results, verifies that the presented fuzzy logic controller improves the ride comfort. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ride%20comfort" title="ride comfort">ride comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20spring" title=" air spring"> air spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus" title=" bus"> bus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic%20controller" title=" fuzzy logic controller"> fuzzy logic controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3740/improving-ride-comfort-of-a-bus-using-fuzzy-logic-controlled-suspension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1783</span> Institutional Capacity and Corruption: Evidence from Brazil </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalson%20Figueiredo">Dalson Figueiredo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enivaldo%20Rocha"> Enivaldo Rocha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranulfo%20Paranhos"> Ranulfo Paranhos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Alexandre"> José Alexandre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyzes the effects of institutional capacity on corruption. Methodologically, the research design combines both descriptive and multivariate statistics to examine two original datasets based on secondary data. In particular, we employ a principal component model to estimate an indicator of institutional capacity for both state audit institutions and subnational judiciary courts. Then, we estimate the effect of institutional capacity on two dependent variables: (1) incidence of administrative irregularities and (2) time elapsed to judge corruption cases. The preliminary results using ordinary least squares, negative binomial and Tobit models suggest the same conclusions: higher the institutional audit capacity, higher is the probability of detecting a corruption case. On the other hand, higher the institutional capacity of state judiciary, the lower is the time to judge corruption cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20capacity" title="institutional capacity">institutional capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20level%20institutions" title=" state level institutions"> state level institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evidence%20from%20Brazil" title=" evidence from Brazil "> evidence from Brazil </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15940/institutional-capacity-and-corruption-evidence-from-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1782</span> Impact of Normative Institutional Factors on Sustainability Reporting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Dagilien%C4%97">Lina Dagilienė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article explores the impact of normative institutional factors on the development of sustainability reporting. The vast majority of research in the scientific literature focuses on mandatory institutional factors, i.e. how public institutions and market regulators affect sustainability reporting. Meanwhile, there is lack of empirical data for the impact of normative institutional factors. The effect of normative factors in this paper is based on the role of non-governmental organizations (NGO) and institutional theory. The case of Global Compact Local Network in the developing country was examined. The research results revealed that in the absence of regulated factors, companies were not active with regard to social disclosures; they presented non-systemized social information of a descriptive nature. Only 10% of sustainability reports were prepared using the GRI methodology. None of the reports were assured by third parties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title="institutional theory">institutional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normative" title=" normative"> normative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability%20reporting" title=" sustainability reporting"> sustainability reporting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Global%20Compact%20Local%20Network" title=" Global Compact Local Network"> Global Compact Local Network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6105/impact-of-normative-institutional-factors-on-sustainability-reporting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1781</span> Low-Cost Reversible Logic Serial Multipliers with Error Detection Capability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Valinataj">Mojtaba Valinataj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays reversible logic has received many attentions as one of the new fields for reducing the power consumption. On the other hand, the processing systems have weaknesses against different external effects. In this paper, some error detecting reversible logic serial multipliers are proposed by incorporating the parity-preserving gates. This way, the new designs are presented for signed parity-preserving serial multipliers based on the Booth's algorithm by exploiting the new arrangements of existing gates. The experimental results show that the proposed 4×4 multipliers in this paper reach up to 20%, 35%, and 41% enhancements in the number of constant inputs, quantum cost, and gate count, respectively, as the reversible logic criteria, compared to previous designs. Furthermore, all the proposed designs have been generalized for n×n multipliers with general formulations to estimate the main reversible logic criteria as the functions of the multiplier size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Booth%E2%80%99s%20algorithm" title="Booth’s algorithm">Booth’s algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20detection" title=" error detection"> error detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplication" title=" multiplication"> multiplication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parity-preserving%20gates" title=" parity-preserving gates"> parity-preserving gates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20computers" title=" quantum computers"> quantum computers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversible%20logic" title=" reversible logic"> reversible logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68832/low-cost-reversible-logic-serial-multipliers-with-error-detection-capability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1780</span> Modelling and Control of Electrohydraulic System Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajara%20Abdulkarim%20Aliyu">Hajara Abdulkarim Aliyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulbasid%20Ismail%20Isa"> Abdulbasid Ismail Isa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper studies electrohydraulic system for its role in position and motion control system and develops as mathematical model describing the behaviour of the system. The research further proposes Fuzzy logic and conventional PID controllers in order to achieve both accurate positioning of the payload and overall improvement of the system performance. The simulation result shows Fuzzy logic controller has a superior tracking performance and high disturbance rejection efficiency for its shorter settling time, less overshoot, smaller values of integral of absolute and deviation errors over the conventional PID controller at all the testing conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrohydraulic" title="electrohydraulic">electrohydraulic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NZ-PID" title=" NZ-PID"> NZ-PID</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46295/modelling-and-control-of-electrohydraulic-system-using-fuzzy-logic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1779</span> An Alternative Institutional Design for Efficient Management of Nepalese Irrigation Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tirtha%20Raj%20Dhakal">Tirtha Raj Dhakal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Davidson"> Brian Davidson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bob%20Farquharson"> Bob Farquharson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Institutional design is important if water resources are to be managed efficiently. In Nepal, the supply of water in both farmer- and agency-managed irrigation systems is inefficient because of the weak institutional frameworks. This type of inefficiency is linked with collective problems such as non-excludability of irrigation water, inadequate recognition of property rights and externalities. Irrigation scheme surveys from Nepal as well as existing literature revealed that the Nepalese irrigation sector is facing many issues such as low cost recovery, inadequate maintenance of the schemes and inefficient allocation and utilization of irrigation water. The institutional practices currently in place also fail to create/force any incentives for farmers to use water efficiently and to pay for its use. This, thus, compels the need of refined institutional framework that can address the collective problems and improve irrigation efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency-managed" title="agency-managed">agency-managed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20recovery" title=" cost recovery"> cost recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmer-managed" title=" farmer-managed"> farmer-managed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20design" title=" institutional design"> institutional design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62687/an-alternative-institutional-design-for-efficient-management-of-nepalese-irrigation-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1778</span> A Review on the Impact of Institutional Setting on Land Use Conflicts in Coastal Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roni%20Susman">Roni Susman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Weith"> Thomas Weith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article explores how institutional setting, mainly from institutionalism, could clearly explain the understanding of land use conflict analysis in coastal areas and has been used in current practices. Institutional setting appears as a guideline that is committed by the stakeholders who are involved directly or indirectly in land management process. This paper is aimed to identify the setting of institutional and to measure how the conflicts occur, how the actors act and influence the process, how is the condition to apply the appropriate framework for adequate solution of land use conflict in coastal area in order to enhance better decisions. To reflect the current practice and use of theories a qualitative review of 150 scientific peer-reviewed papers regarding the issue of land use conflicts in coastal areas as well as institutional process is included. The selection of peer-reviewed papers is obtained through a structured literature survey of the recently published database in a way to investigate the variances of institutional between theory and practices specifically in the case of coastal land management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20areas" title="coastal areas">coastal areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20settings" title=" institutional settings"> institutional settings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20conflict" title=" land use conflict"> land use conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20governance" title=" land governance"> land governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actors%E2%80%99%20constellation" title=" actors’ constellation"> actors’ constellation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20framework" title=" analytical framework"> analytical framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88742/a-review-on-the-impact-of-institutional-setting-on-land-use-conflicts-in-coastal-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1777</span> Pressure Sensitive v/s Pressure Resistance Institutional Investors towards Socially Responsible Investment Behavior: Evidence from Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Talha">Mohammad Talha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Sallehhuddin%20Abdullah%20Salim"> Abdullah Sallehhuddin Abdullah Salim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Aziz%20Abdul%20Jalil"> Abdul Aziz Abdul Jalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norzarina%20Md%20Yatim"> Norzarina Md Yatim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The significant contribution of institutional investors across the globe in socially responsible investment (SRI) is well-documented in the literature. Nevertheless, how the SRI behavior of pressure-resistant, pressure-sensitive and pressure-indeterminate institutional investors remain unexplored extensively. This study examines the moderating effect of institutional investors towards socially responsible investment behavior in the context of emerging economies. This study involved 229 institutional investors in Malaysia. A total of 1,145 questionnaires were distributed. Out of these, 308 (130 pressure sensitive institutional investors and 178 pressure resistant institutional investors), representing a usable rate of 26.9 per cent, were found fit for data analysis. Utilizing multi-group analysis via AMOS, this study found evidence for the presence of moderating effect by a type of institutional investor topology in socially responsible investment behavior. At intentional level, it established that type of institutional investor was a significant moderator in the relationship between subjective norms, and caring ethical climate with intention among pressure-resistant institutional investors, as well as between perceived behavioral controls with intention among pressure-sensitive institutional investors. At the behavioral level, the results evidenced that there was only a significant moderating effect between intention and socially responsible investment behavior among pressure-resistant institutional investors. The outcomes are expected to benefit policy makers, regulators, and market participants in order to leap forward SRI growth in developing economies. Nevertheless, the outcomes are limited to a few factors, and it is believed that future studies shall address those limitations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socially%20responsible%20investment" title="socially responsible investment">socially responsible investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensitive%20investors" title=" pressure sensitive investors"> pressure sensitive investors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20insensitive%20investors" title=" pressure insensitive investors"> pressure insensitive investors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Institutional%20Investment%20Malaysia" title=" Institutional Investment Malaysia"> Institutional Investment Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79600/pressure-sensitive-vs-pressure-resistance-institutional-investors-towards-socially-responsible-investment-behavior-evidence-from-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1776</span> Effects of Family Ownership and Institutional Ownership on Cash Dividend Policy in Companies Listed at Tehran Stock Exchange</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Azizzadeh">Mahdi Azizzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Nabizadeh"> Ali Nabizadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates whether ownership structure has significant effects on dividend policy and the percentage of cash dividend payout ratio in Iranian companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. We use a sample of 300 firm-years for 2010-2014. Results indicate that there is no significant relationship between family ownership and/or institutional ownership and dividend policy. Furthermore, there is no significant relationship between dividend policies in family-owned firms with high or low institutional ownership. However, our empirical test shows that family firms with a low level of institutional investors distribute more cash dividends on average than family firms with a high level of institutional ownership. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20ownership" title="family ownership">family ownership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20ownership" title=" institutional ownership"> institutional ownership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dividend%20policy" title=" dividend policy"> dividend policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dividend%20payout%20ratio" title=" dividend payout ratio"> dividend payout ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55428/effects-of-family-ownership-and-institutional-ownership-on-cash-dividend-policy-in-companies-listed-at-tehran-stock-exchange" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1775</span> Application of Fuzzy Logic in Voltage Regulation of Radial Feeder with Distributed Generators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anubhav%20Shrivastava">Anubhav Shrivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakshya%20Bhat"> Lakshya Bhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivarudraswamy"> Shivarudraswamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distributed Generation is the need of the hour. With current advancements in the DG technology, there are some major issues that need to be tackled in order to make this method of generation of energy more efficient and feasible. Among other problems, the control in voltage is the major issue that needs to be addressed. This paper focuses on control of voltage using reactive power control of DGs with the help of fuzzy logic. The membership functions have been defined accordingly and the control of the system is achieved. Finally, with the help of simulation results in Matlab, the control of voltage within the tolerance limit set (+/- 5%) is achieved. The voltage waveform graphs for the IEEE 14 bus system are obtained by using simple algorithm with MATLAB and then with fuzzy logic for 14 bus system. The goal of this project was to control the voltage within limits by controlling the reactive power of the DG using fuzzy logic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title="distributed generation">distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matlab" title=" matlab"> matlab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newton%20raphson" title=" newton raphson"> newton raphson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEEE%2014%20bus" title=" IEEE 14 bus"> IEEE 14 bus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20regulation" title=" voltage regulation"> voltage regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20network" title=" radial network"> radial network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31759/application-of-fuzzy-logic-in-voltage-regulation-of-radial-feeder-with-distributed-generators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">637</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1774</span> Transaction Costs in Institutional Environment and Entry Mode Choice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20D.%20Mroczek">K. D. Mroczek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the study presented institutional context is discussed in terms of companies’ entry mode choice. In contrary to many previous analyses, instead of using one or two aggregated variables, a set of eleven determinants is used to establish equity and non-equity internationalization friendly conditions. Based on secondary data, 140 countries are analysed and grouped into clusters revealing similar framework. The range of the economies explored is wide as it covers all regions distinguished by The World Bank. The results can prove a useful alternative for operationalization of institutional variables in further research concerning entry modes or strategic management in international markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title="clustering">clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entry%20mode%20choice" title=" entry mode choice"> entry mode choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20environment" title=" institutional environment"> institutional environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transaction%20costs" title=" transaction costs"> transaction costs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2511/transaction-costs-in-institutional-environment-and-entry-mode-choice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1773</span> Mediatization of Politics and Democracy in Pakistan: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Imran">Shahid Imran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 'Mediatization' has influenced the politics by shaping and transforming the attitudes and practices of political actors. It is a serious challenge to democracy in today’s era. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of media politics interplay in Pakistan and the contextual factors which govern this interplay. It will also address the perceived influence of media on the practices of politicians from the perspectives of the actors. The objectives have been achieved qualitatively through Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The phenomenological data have been collected using semi-structured interviews of journalists and politicians of Pakistan. The findings depict that politics in Pakistan is more driven by media logic than political or democratic logic. Media and politics have a ‘Tom and Jerry’ relationship. Political ecology is highly media-induced: politicians strategically adopt and adapt the media logic to be in the ‘media spotlight’; journalists, on the other hands, do not practice ‘fair journalism rather a more politically parallelized. The mediatized political communication behaviours of the actors are the undermining the public service logic and affecting the spirit of democracy in Pakistan. The study offers some valued implications for media, politicians and policy makers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medialization" title="medialization">medialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20logic" title=" media logic"> media logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics"> politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20logic" title=" political logic"> political logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95473/mediatization-of-politics-and-democracy-in-pakistan-an-interpretative-phenomenological-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1772</span> Intelligent and Optimized Placement for CPLD Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Hadjoudja">Abdelkader Hadjoudja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajar%20Bouazza"> Hajar Bouazza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The PLD/CPLD devices are widely used for logic synthesis since several decades. Based on sum of product terms (PTs) architecture, the PLD/CPLD offer a high degree of flexibility to support various application requirements. They are suitable for large combinational logic, finite state machines as well as intensive I/O designs. CPLDs offer very predictable timing characteristics and are therefore ideal for critical control applications. This paper describes how the logic synthesis techniques, such as 1) XOR detection, 2) logic doubling, 3) complement of a Boolean function are combined, applied and used to optimize the CPLDs devices architecture that is based on PAL-like macrocells. Our goal is to use these techniques for minimizing the number of macrocells required to implement a circuit and minimize the delay of mapped circuit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPLD" title="CPLD">CPLD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubling" title=" doubling"> doubling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XOR" title=" XOR"> XOR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8359/intelligent-and-optimized-placement-for-cpld-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1771</span> Design and Implementation of Testable Reversible Sequential Circuits Optimized Power</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Manikandan">B. Manikandan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Vijayaprabhu"> A. Vijayaprabhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conservative reversible gates are used to designed reversible sequential circuits. The sequential circuits are flip-flops and latches. The conservative logic gates are Feynman, Toffoli, and Fredkin. The design of two vectors testable sequential circuits based on conservative logic gates. All sequential circuit based on conservative logic gates can be tested for classical unidirectional stuck-at faults using only two test vectors. The two test vectors are all 1s, and all 0s. The designs of two vectors testable latches, master-slave flip-flops and double edge triggered (DET) flip-flops are presented. We also showed the application of the proposed approach toward 100% fault coverage for single missing/additional cell defect in the quantum- dot cellular automata (QCA) layout of the Fredkin gate. The conservative logic gates are in terms of complexity, speed, and area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DET" title="DET">DET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QCA" title=" QCA"> QCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversible%20logic%20gates" title=" reversible logic gates"> reversible logic gates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POS" title=" POS"> POS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOP" title=" SOP"> SOP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latches" title=" latches"> latches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flip%20flops" title=" flip flops"> flip flops</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42418/design-and-implementation-of-testable-reversible-sequential-circuits-optimized-power" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1770</span> Institutional Superposition, over Management and Coastal Economic Development: Coastal Areas in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingbao%20Chen">Mingbao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingli%20Zhao"> Mingli Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The coastal zone is the intersection of land and sea system, and also is the connecting zone of the two economic systems of land and sea. In the world, all countries attach great importance to the coastal zone management and the coastal zone economy. In China, the government has developed a number of related coastal management policies and institutional, such as marine functional zoning, main function zoning, integrated coastal zone management, to ensure the sustainable utilization of the coastal zone and promote the development of coastal economic. However, in practice, the effect is not satisfactory. This paper analyses the coastal areas of coastal zone management on coastal economic growth contribution based on coastal areas economic development data with the 2007-2015 in China, which uses the method of the evaluation index system of coastal zone management institutional efficiency. The results show that the coastal zone management institutional objectives are not clear, and the institutional has high repeatability. At the same time, over management of coastal zone leads to low economic efficiency because the government management boundary is blurred. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20overlap" title="institutional overlap">institutional overlap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=over%20management" title=" over management"> over management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20zone%20management" title=" coastal zone management"> coastal zone management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20zone%20economy" title=" coastal zone economy"> coastal zone economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74771/institutional-superposition-over-management-and-coastal-economic-development-coastal-areas-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1769</span> Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Using Fuzzy Logic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elda%20Maraj">Elda Maraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shkelqim%20Kuka"> Shkelqim Kuka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coronary heart disease causes many deaths in the world. Unfortunately, this problem will continue to increase in the future. In this paper, a fuzzy logic model to predict coronary heart disease is presented. This model has been developed with seven input variables and one output variable that was implemented for 30 patients in Albania. Here fuzzy logic toolbox of MATLAB is used. Fuzzy model inputs are considered as cholesterol, blood pressure, physical activity, age, BMI, smoking, and diabetes, whereas the output is the disease classification. The fuzzy sets and membership functions are chosen in an appropriate manner. Centroid method is used for defuzzification. The database is taken from University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa" in Tirana, Albania. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20heart%20disease" title="coronary heart disease">coronary heart disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic%20toolbox" title=" fuzzy logic toolbox"> fuzzy logic toolbox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20function" title=" membership function"> membership function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction%20model" title=" prediction model"> prediction model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148911/prediction-of-coronary-heart-disease-using-fuzzy-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1768</span> A Soft Error Rates (SER) Evaluation Method of Combinational Logic Circuit Based on Linear Energy Transfers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Li">Man Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanting%20Zhou"> Wanting Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Li"> Lei Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Communication stability is the primary concern of communication satellites. Communication satellites are easily affected by particle radiation to generate single event effects (SEE), which leads to soft errors (SE) of the combinational logic circuit. The existing research on soft error rates (SER) of the combined logic circuit is mostly based on the assumption that the logic gates being bombarded have the same pulse width. However, in the actual radiation environment, the pulse widths of the logic gates being bombarded are different due to different linear energy transfers (LET). In order to improve the accuracy of SER evaluation model, this paper proposes a soft error rate evaluation method based on LET. In this paper, the authors analyze the influence of LET on the pulse width of combinational logic and establish the pulse width model based on the LET. Based on this model, the error rate of test circuit ISCAS'85 is calculated. The effectiveness of the model is proved by comparing it with previous experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20satellite" title="communication satellite">communication satellite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20width" title=" pulse width"> pulse width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20error%20rates" title=" soft error rates"> soft error rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LET" title=" LET"> LET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148147/a-soft-error-rates-ser-evaluation-method-of-combinational-logic-circuit-based-on-linear-energy-transfers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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