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Joasaph II of Constantinople - Wikipedia
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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84_II_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Йоасаф II Константинополски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йоасаф II Константинополски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josafat_II" title="Josafat II – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Josafat II" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%89%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%86_%CE%92%CE%84_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Ιωάσαφ Β΄ Μεγαλοπρεπής – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιωάσαφ Β΄ Μεγαλοπρεπής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joasaph_II_de_Constantinople" title="Joasaph II de Constantinople – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joasaph II de Constantinople" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josafat_II_di_Costantinopoli" title="Josafat II di Costantinopoli – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Josafat II di Costantinopoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84_II_%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Јоасаф II Цариградски – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јоасаф II Цариградски" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joazaf_II_(patriarcha_Konstantynopola)" title="Joazaf II (patriarcha Konstantynopola) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joazaf II (patriarcha Konstantynopola)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josaf%C3%A1_II_de_Constantinopla" title="Josafá II de Constantinopla – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Josafá II de Constantinopla" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84_II_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Иоасаф II (патриарх Константинопольский) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иоасаф II (патриарх Константинопольский)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joasaf_II_Carigradski" title="Joasaf II Carigradski – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Joasaf II Carigradski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Joasaph II of Constantinople</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ecumenical_Patriarchs_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Constantinople">Church of Constantinople</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In office</th><td class="infobox-data">July or August 1556 – 15 January 1565</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Dionysius_II_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Dionysius II of Constantinople">Dionysius II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Metrophanes_III_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Metrophanes III of Constantinople">Metrophanes III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Previous post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Metropolitan of <a href="/wiki/Adrianopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrianopolis">Adrianopolis</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">unknown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">after 1565<br /><a href="/wiki/Adrianopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrianopolis">Adrianopolis</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joasaph II</b>, known as "<b>the Magnificent</b>" (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ἰωάσαφ ὁ Μεγαλοπρεπής</span>; died after 1565), was <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople</a> from 1556 to 1565. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joasaph_II_of_Constantinople&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_(1560,_RGB)_01_by_shakko.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg/220px-Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg/330px-Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg/440px-Ivan_IV%27s_tsar%27s_title_charter_from_Ioasaph_II_of_Constantinople_%281560%2C_RGB%29_01_by_shakko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2715" data-file-height="4100" /></a><figcaption>Charter from Patriarch Joasaph II and the Synod of the Patriarchate of Constantinople confirming the title of "<a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a>" for <a href="/wiki/Ivan_IV_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan IV of Russia">Ivan IV of Russia</a> (December 1560)</figcaption></figure> <p>Joasaph was born in <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a>. He studied in <a href="/wiki/Ioannina" title="Ioannina">Ioannina</a> and then in <a href="/wiki/Nafplio" title="Nafplio">Nafplio</a>, learning <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>. In 1535 he was consecrated bishop of <a href="/wiki/Adrianople" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrianople">Adrianople</a> by Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Jeremias_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Jeremias I of Constantinople">Jeremias I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the death of the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Dionysius_II_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Dionysius II of Constantinople">Patriarch Dionysius II</a>, he was elected Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in July or August 1556.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiminas_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiminas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was successful in reducing the appointment fee (<i>peshtesh</i>) due to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> to one thousand <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cus" class="mw-redirect" title="Écus">Écus</a>. </p><p>Joasaph promoted learning among the clergy, reformed the administration of the Church assets, and improved the finances reducing by half the debts of the Patriarchate. He also began a major enlargement of the Patriarchal palace. Due to these achievements, he was given the sobriquet <i>the Magnificent</i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὁ Μεγαλοπρεπής</span></span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-DHGE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHGE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1556 he established in Constantinople a Patriarchal School, the forerunner of the <a href="/wiki/Phanar_Greek_Orthodox_College" title="Phanar Greek Orthodox College">Great School of the Nation</a>. </p><p>He showed interest in the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>, in particular <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>, and in 1558 he sent to <a href="/wiki/Wittenberg" title="Wittenberg">Wittenberg</a> the Serbian deacon Demetrios Mysos (<a href="/wiki/Dimitrije_Ljubavi%C4%87" title="Dimitrije Ljubavić">Dimitrije Ljubavić</a>) to collect information. In 1559 the Lutheran theologian <a href="/wiki/Melanchthon" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanchthon">Melanchthon</a> sent him a letter along with a Greek translation of the <a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Confession" title="Augsburg Confession">Augsburg Confession</a>, but it didn't produce any effect.<sup id="cite_ref-Angold_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angold-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars suggest that Melanchthon's letter never reached Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-Tibbs_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tibbs-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Joasaph's expensive works, his haughty manner towards the clergy and his independent management of the finances created many opponents among the Greek community.<sup id="cite_ref-DHGE_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHGE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ultimate cause of his deposition was related to the request, in 1557, by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible" title="Ivan the Terrible">Ivan the Terrible</a> of Russia to have his title of <a href="/wiki/Tsar_of_All_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsar of All Russia">Tsar</a> formally confirmed. In place of summoning a synod to deliberate the issue, Joasaph sent to Russia a counterfeit synodical document in order to collect the rich reward for himself. His deceit was discovered, and he was deposed by a synod of sixty bishops on 15 January 1565 and exiled to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Athos" title="Mount Athos">Mount Athos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DHGE_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHGE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some time later he was allowed by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Synod" title="Holy Synod">Holy Synod</a> to be reinstated in the Diocese of Adrianople, where he remained until his death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joasaph_II_of_Constantinople&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EP_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ec-patr.org/list/index.php?lang=gr&id=185">"Ἰωάσαφ Β´"</a>. Ecumenical Patriarchate<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E1%BC%B8%CF%89%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%86+%CE%92%C2%B4&rft.pub=Ecumenical+Patriarchate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ec-patr.org%2Flist%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Dgr%26id%3D185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoasaph+II+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988"></span><span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">according to other scholars it was in August 1555</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kiminas-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kiminas_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiminas2009" class="citation book cs1">Kiminas, Demetrius (2009). <i>The Ecumenical Patriarchate</i>. Wildside Press LLC. p. 38,46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4344-5876-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4344-5876-6"><bdi>978-1-4344-5876-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ecumenical+Patriarchate&rft.pages=38%2C46&rft.pub=Wildside+Press+LLC&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4344-5876-6&rft.aulast=Kiminas&rft.aufirst=Demetrius&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoasaph+II+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DHGE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DHGE_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DHGE_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DHGE_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Aubert2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">R. Aubert (2000). "Joasaph II". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionnaire_d%27histoire_et_de_g%C3%A9ographie_eccl%C3%A9siastiques" title="Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques">Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques</a></i>. Vol. 27. Paris: Letouzey et Ané. 1389-90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7063-0210-0" title="Special:BookSources/2-7063-0210-0"><bdi>2-7063-0210-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Joasaph+II&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+d%27histoire+et+de+g%C3%A9ographie+eccl%C3%A9siastiques&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=1389-90&rft.pub=Letouzey+et+An%C3%A9&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=2-7063-0210-0&rft.au=R.+Aubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoasaph+II+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angold-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Angold_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngold2006" class="citation book cs1">Angold, Michael (2006). <i>The Cambridge history of Christianity</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 188–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81113-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81113-2"><bdi>978-0-521-81113-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+history+of+Christianity&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pages=188-9&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-521-81113-2&rft.aulast=Angold&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoasaph+II+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tibbs-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tibbs_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEve_Tibbs2000" class="citation web cs1">Eve Tibbs (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110529043916/http://www.stpaulsirvine.org/html/lutheran.htm">"16th Century Lutheran & Orthodox Exchange"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stpaulsirvine.org/html/lutheran.htm">the original</a> on 29 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=16th+Century+Lutheran+%26+Orthodox+Exchange&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Eve+Tibbs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stpaulsirvine.org%2Fhtml%2Flutheran.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoasaph+II+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bishops_of_Byzantium_and_Patriarchs_of_Constantinople" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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Constantinople"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs_of_Constantinople" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs of Constantinople"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bishops_of_Byzantium_and_Patriarchs_of_Constantinople" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs of <span class="locality">Constantinople</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Bishops of <a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantium</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> period, 38–330 AD)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stachys_the_Apostle" title="Stachys the Apostle">Stachys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onesimus" title="Onesimus">Onesimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarpus_I_of_Byzantium" title="Polycarpus I of Byzantium">Polycarpus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch_of_Byzantium" title="Plutarch of Byzantium">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedecion_of_Byzantium" title="Sedecion of Byzantium">Sedecion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diogenes_of_Byzantium" title="Diogenes of Byzantium">Diogenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleutherius_of_Byzantium" title="Eleutherius of Byzantium">Eleutherius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_of_Byzantium" title="Felix of Byzantium">Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarpus_II_of_Byzantium" title="Polycarpus II of Byzantium">Polycarpus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenodorus_of_Byzantium" title="Athenodorus of Byzantium">Athenodorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euzois_of_Byzantium" title="Euzois of Byzantium">Euzois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_of_Byzantium" title="Laurence of Byzantium">Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alypius_of_Byzantium" title="Alypius of Byzantium">Alypius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertinax_of_Byzantium" title="Pertinax of Byzantium">Pertinax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympianus_of_Byzantium" title="Olympianus of Byzantium">Olympianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_I_of_Byzantium" title="Marcus I of Byzantium">Marcus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphus_of_Byzantium" title="Philadelphus of Byzantium">Philadelphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyriacus_I_of_Byzantium" title="Cyriacus I of Byzantium">Cyriacus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castinus_of_Byzantium" title="Castinus of Byzantium">Castinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenius_I_of_Byzantium" title="Eugenius I of Byzantium">Eugenius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_of_Byzantium" title="Titus of Byzantium">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dometius_of_Byzantium" title="Dometius of Byzantium">Dometius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufinus_of_Byzantium" title="Rufinus of Byzantium">Rufinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probus_of_Byzantium" title="Probus of Byzantium">Probus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrophanes_of_Byzantium" title="Metrophanes of Byzantium">Metrophanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Constantinople" title="Alexander of Constantinople">Alexander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Archbishops of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a><br />(Roman period, 330–451 AD)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Constantinople" title="Alexander of Constantinople">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Constantinople" title="Paul I of Constantinople">Paul I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebius_of_Nicomedia" title="Eusebius of Nicomedia">Eusebius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Macedonius I of Constantinople">Macedonius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudoxius_of_Antioch" title="Eudoxius of Antioch">Eudoxius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evagrius_of_Constantinople" title="Evagrius of Constantinople">Evagrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demophilus_of_Constantinople" title="Demophilus of Constantinople">Demophilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Maximus I of Constantinople">Maximus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nectarius_of_Constantinople" title="Nectarius of Constantinople">Nectarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John I Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsacius_of_Tarsus" title="Arsacius of Tarsus">Arsacius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atticus_of_Constantinople" title="Atticus of Constantinople">Atticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisinnius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Sisinnius I of Constantinople">Sisinnius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximianus_of_Constantinople" title="Maximianus of Constantinople">Maximianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclus_of_Constantinople" title="Proclus of Constantinople">Proclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_of_Constantinople" title="Flavian of Constantinople">Flavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Constantinople" title="Anatolius of Constantinople">Anatolius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Patriarchs of Constantinople<br />(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> period, 451–1453 AD)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Constantinople" title="Anatolius of Constantinople">Anatolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennadius_of_Constantinople" title="Gennadius of Constantinople">Gennadius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acacius_of_Constantinople" title="Acacius of Constantinople">Acacius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fravitta_of_Constantinople" title="Fravitta of Constantinople">Fravitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemius_of_Constantinople" title="Euphemius of Constantinople">Euphemius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Macedonius II of Constantinople">Macedonius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_I_of_Constantinople" title="Timothy I of Constantinople">Timothy I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Cappadocia" title="John of Cappadocia">John II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Constantinople" title="Epiphanius of Constantinople">Epiphanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus I of Constantinople">Anthimus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menas_of_Constantinople" title="Menas of Constantinople">Menas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutychius_of_Constantinople" title="Eutychius of Constantinople">Eutychius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scholasticus" title="John Scholasticus">John III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Constantinople" title="John IV of Constantinople">John IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyriacus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Cyriacus II of Constantinople">Cyriacus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_I_of_Constantinople" title="Thomas I of Constantinople">Thomas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Sergius I of Constantinople">Sergius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhus_of_Constantinople" title="Pyrrhus of Constantinople">Pyrrhus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_II_of_Constantinople" title="Paul II of Constantinople">Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Constantinople" title="Peter of Constantinople">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_II_of_Constantinople" title="Thomas II of Constantinople">Thomas II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V_of_Constantinople" title="John V of Constantinople">John V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I_of_Constantinople" title="Constantine I of Constantinople">Constantine I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_I_of_Constantinople" title="Theodore I of Constantinople">Theodore I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Constantinople" title="George I of Constantinople">George I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_III_of_Constantinople" title="Paul III of Constantinople">Paul III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callinicus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Callinicus I of Constantinople">Callinicus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyros_of_Constantinople" title="Kyros of Constantinople">Cyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Constantinople" title="John VI of Constantinople">John VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Germanus I of Constantinople">Germanus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_of_Constantinople" title="Anastasius of Constantinople">Anastasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_II_of_Constantinople" title="Constantine II of Constantinople">Constantine II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicetas_I_of_Constantinople" title="Nicetas I of Constantinople">Nicetas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Paul IV of Constantinople">Paul IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarasios_of_Constantinople" title="Tarasios of Constantinople">Tarasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_I_of_Constantinople" title="Nikephoros I of Constantinople">Nicephorus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodotus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Theodotus I of Constantinople">Theodotus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_I_of_Constantinople" title="Antony I of Constantinople">Antony I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VII_of_Constantinople" title="John VII of Constantinople">John VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Methodios I of Constantinople">Methodius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatios_of_Constantinople" title="Ignatios of Constantinople">Ignatios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Photios I of Constantinople">Photios I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_I_of_Constantinople" title="Stephen I of Constantinople">Stephen I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_II_of_Constantinople" title="Antony II of Constantinople">Antony II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Mystikos" title="Nicholas Mystikos">Nicholas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthymius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Euthymius I of Constantinople">Εuthymius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_II_of_Constantinople" title="Stephen II of Constantinople">Stephen II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryphon_of_Constantinople" title="Tryphon of Constantinople">Tryphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophylact_of_Constantinople" title="Theophylact of Constantinople">Theophylact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyeuctus_of_Constantinople" title="Polyeuctus of Constantinople">Polyeuctus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_I_of_Constantinople" title="Basil I of Constantinople">Βasil I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_III_of_Constantinople" title="Antony III of Constantinople">Αntony III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Constantinople" title="Nicholas II of Constantinople">Nicholas II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisinnius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Sisinnius II of Constantinople">Sisinnius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Sergius II of Constantinople">Sergius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Constantinople" title="Eustathius of Constantinople">Eustathius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexius_of_Constantinople" title="Alexius of Constantinople">Alexius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_I_Cerularius" title="Michael I Cerularius">Michael I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Leichoudes" title="Constantine Leichoudes">Constantine III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_of_Constantinople" title="John VIII of Constantinople">John VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmas_I_of_Constantinople" title="Cosmas I of Constantinople">Cosmas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustratius_Garidas" title="Eustratius Garidas">Eustratius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_III_of_Constantinople" title="Nicholas III of Constantinople">Nicholas III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IX_of_Constantinople" title="John IX of Constantinople">John IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_of_Constantinople" title="Leo of Constantinople">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_II_of_Constantinople" title="Michael II of Constantinople">Michael II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmas_II_of_Constantinople" title="Cosmas II of Constantinople">Cosmas II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Nicholas IV of Constantinople">Nicholas IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodotus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Theodotus II of Constantinople">Theodotus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus I of Constantinople">Neophytus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Constantine IV of Constantinople">Constantine IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Chrysoberges" title="Luke Chrysoberges">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_III_of_Constantinople" title="Michael III of Constantinople">Michael III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariton_of_Constantinople" title="Chariton of Constantinople">Chariton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Theodosius I of Constantinople">Theodosius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_II_of_Constantinople" title="Basil II of Constantinople">Basil II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicetas_II_of_Constantinople" title="Nicetas II of Constantinople">Nicetas II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontius_of_Constantinople" title="Leontius of Constantinople">Leontius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dositheus_of_Constantinople" title="Dositheus of Constantinople">Dositheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Constantinople" title="George II of Constantinople">George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_X_of_Constantinople" title="John X of Constantinople">John X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Michael IV of Constantinople">Michael IV</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_II_of_Constantinople" title="Theodore II of Constantinople">Theodore II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Maximus II of Constantinople">Maximus II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Constantinople" title="Manuel I of Constantinople">Μanuel I</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Germanus II of Constantinople">Germanus II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Methodius II of Constantinople">Methodius II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_of_Constantinople" title="Manuel II of Constantinople">Manuel II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenios_Autoreianos" title="Arsenios Autoreianos">Arsenius</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicephorus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Nicephorus II of Constantinople">Nicephorus II</a><sup><small>†</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Germanus III of Constantinople">Germanus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_I_of_Constantinople" title="Joseph I of Constantinople">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XI_of_Constantinople" title="John XI of Constantinople">John XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_II_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory II of Constantinople">Gregory II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius I of Constantinople">Athanasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XII_of_Constantinople" title="John XII of Constantinople">John XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephon_I_of_Constantinople" title="Nephon I of Constantinople">Nephon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XIII_of_Constantinople" title="John XIII of Constantinople">John XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerasimus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Gerasimus I of Constantinople">Gerasimus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaias_of_Constantinople" title="Isaias of Constantinople">Isaias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XIV_of_Constantinople" title="John XIV of Constantinople">John XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_I_of_Constantinople" title="Isidore I of Constantinople">Isidore I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callistus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Callistus I of Constantinople">Callistus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotheus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Philotheus I of Constantinople">Philotheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macarius_of_Constantinople" title="Macarius of Constantinople">Macarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_of_Constantinople" title="Nilus of Constantinople">Nilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Antony IV of Constantinople">Antony IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callistus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Callistus II of Constantinople">Callistus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_I_of_Constantinople" title="Matthew I of Constantinople">Matthew I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthymius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Euthymius II of Constantinople">Euthymius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_II_of_Constantinople" title="Joseph II of Constantinople">Joseph II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrophanes_II_of_Constantinople" title="Metrophanes II of Constantinople">Metrophanes II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_III_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory III of Constantinople">Gregory III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius II of Constantinople">Athanasius II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Patriarchs of Constantinople<br />(<a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> period, 1453–1923 AD)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennadius_Scholarius" title="Gennadius Scholarius">Gennadius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_II_of_Constantinople" title="Isidore II of Constantinople">Isidore II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joasaph_I_of_Constantinople" title="Joasaph I of Constantinople">Joasaph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophronius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Sophronius I of Constantinople">Sophronius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_II_of_Constantinople" title="Mark II of Constantinople">Mark II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symeon_I_of_Constantinople" title="Symeon I of Constantinople">Symeon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius I of Constantinople">Dionysius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_I_of_Constantinople" title="Raphael I of Constantinople">Raphael I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Maximus III of Constantinople">Maximus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephon_II_of_Constantinople" title="Nephon II of Constantinople">Nephon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Maximus IV of Constantinople">Maximus IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_I_of_Constantinople" title="Joachim I of Constantinople">Joachim I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachomius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Pachomius I of Constantinople">Pachomius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoleptus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Theoleptus I of Constantinople">Theoleptus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremias_I_of_Constantinople" title="Jeremias I of Constantinople">Jeremias I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joannicius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Joannicius I of Constantinople">Joannicius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius II of Constantinople">Dionysius II</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joasaph II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrophanes_III_of_Constantinople" title="Metrophanes III of Constantinople">Metrophanes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremias_II_of_Constantinople" title="Jeremias II of Constantinople">Jeremias II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachomius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Pachomius II of Constantinople">Pachomius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoleptus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Theoleptus II of Constantinople">Theoleptus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_II_of_Constantinople" title="Matthew II of Constantinople">Matthew II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_I_of_Constantinople" title="Gabriel I of Constantinople">Gabriel I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_I_of_Constantinople" title="Theophanes I of Constantinople">Theophanes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_I_Pegas" title="Meletius I Pegas">Meletius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus II of Constantinople">Neophytus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_II_of_Constantinople" title="Raphael II of Constantinople">Raphael II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Lucaris" title="Cyril Lucaris">Cyril I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_II_of_Constantinople" title="Timothy II of Constantinople">Timothy II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory IV of Constantinople">Gregory IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus II of Constantinople">Anthimus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_II_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril II of Constantinople">Cyril II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius III of Constantinople">Athanasius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus III of Constantinople">Neophytus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Parthenius I of Constantinople">Parthenius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Parthenius II of Constantinople">Parthenius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joannicius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Joannicius II of Constantinople">Joannicius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_III_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril III of Constantinople">Cyril III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Paisius I of Constantinople">Paisius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Parthenius III of Constantinople">Parthenius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_II_of_Constantinople" title="Gabriel II of Constantinople">Gabriel II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenius_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Parthenius IV of Constantinople">Parthenius IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius III of Constantinople">Dionysius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Constantinople" title="Clement of Constantinople">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Methodius III of Constantinople">Methodius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius IV of Constantinople">Dionysius IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerasimus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Gerasimus II of Constantinople">Gerasimus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius IV of Constantinople">Athanasius IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_of_Constantinople" title="James of Constantinople">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callinicus_II_of_Constantinople" title="Callinicus II of Constantinople">Callinicus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus IV of Constantinople">Neophytus IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_III_of_Constantinople" title="Gabriel III of Constantinople">Gabriel III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_V_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus V of Constantinople">Neophytus V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprianus_of_Constantinople" title="Cyprianus of Constantinople">Cyprianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_V_of_Constantinople" title="Athanasius V of Constantinople">Athanasius V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril IV of Constantinople">Cyril IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmas_III_of_Constantinople" title="Cosmas III of Constantinople">Cosmas III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremias_III_of_Constantinople" title="Jeremias III of Constantinople">Jeremias III</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Callinicus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Callinicus III of Constantinople">Callinicus III</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Paisius II of Constantinople">Paisius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraphim_I_of_Constantinople" title="Seraphim I of Constantinople">Seraphim I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_VI_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus VI of Constantinople">Neophytus VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_V_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril V of Constantinople">Cyril V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callinicus_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Callinicus IV of Constantinople">Callinicus IV (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraphim_II_of_Constantinople" title="Seraphim II of Constantinople">Seraphim II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joannicius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Joannicius III of Constantinople">Joannicius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_of_Constantinople" title="Samuel of Constantinople">Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Meletius II of Constantinople">Meletius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Theodosius II of Constantinople">Theodosius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophronius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Sophronius II of Constantinople">Sophronius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Gabriel IV of Constantinople">Gabriel IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procopius_of_Constantinople" title="Procopius of Constantinople">Procopius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_VII_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus VII of Constantinople">Neophytus VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerasimus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Gerasimus III of Constantinople">Gerasimus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_V_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory V of Constantinople">Gregory V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callinicus_V_of_Constantinople" title="Callinicus V of Constantinople">Callinicus V (IV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremias_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Jeremias IV of Constantinople">Jeremias IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_VI_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril VI of Constantinople">Cyril VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Eugenius II of Constantinople">Eugenius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_III_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus III of Constantinople">Anthimus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthus_of_Constantinople" title="Chrysanthus of Constantinople">Chrysanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agathangelus_of_Constantinople" title="Agathangelus of Constantinople">Agathangelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_I_of_Constantinople" title="Constantius I of Constantinople">Constantius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Constantius II of Constantinople">Constantius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_VI_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory VI of Constantinople">Gregory VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus IV of Constantinople">Anthimus IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_V_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus V of Constantinople">Anthimus V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanus_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Germanus IV of Constantinople">Germanus IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_III_of_Constantinople" title="Meletius III of Constantinople">Meletius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_VI_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus VI of Constantinople">Anthimus VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_VII_of_Constantinople" title="Cyril VII of Constantinople">Cyril VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_II_of_Constantinople" title="Joachim II of Constantinople">Joachim II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophronius_III_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophronius III of Constantinople">Sophronius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_III_of_Constantinople" title="Joachim III of Constantinople">Joachim III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_IV_of_Constantinople" title="Joachim IV of Constantinople">Joachim IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_V_of_Constantinople" title="Dionysius V of Constantinople">Dionysius V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophytus_VIII_of_Constantinople" title="Neophytus VIII of Constantinople">Neophytus VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimus_VII_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus VII of Constantinople">Anthimus VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_V_of_Constantinople" title="Constantine V of Constantinople">Constantine V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanus_V_of_Constantinople" title="Germanus V of Constantinople">Germanus V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_Metaxakis" title="Meletius Metaxakis">Meletius IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Patriarchs of Constantinople<br />(<a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkish</a> period, since 1923 AD)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_VII_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory VII of Constantinople">Gregory VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_VI_of_Constantinople" title="Constantine VI of Constantinople">Constantine VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_III_of_Constantinople" title="Basil III of Constantinople">Basil III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Photius II of Constantinople">Photius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_I_of_Constantinople" title="Benjamin I of Constantinople">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_V_of_Constantinople" title="Maximus V of Constantinople">Maximus V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenagoras_I_of_Constantinople" title="Athenagoras I of Constantinople">Athenagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Demetrios I of Constantinople">Demetrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Bartholomew I of Constantinople">Bartholomew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>†</small></sup> in exile at <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Nicaea" title="Empire of Nicaea">Nicaea</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3179783#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3179783#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3179783#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/120247989">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/140988777">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd140988777.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐snjqv Cached time: 20241122155112 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: 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