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id="toc-Children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portrayals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portrayals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Portrayals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portrayals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ancestry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry II of France</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="هنري الثاني ملك فرنسا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هنري الثاني ملك فرنسا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_II_de_Francia" title="Henrique II de Francia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Henrique II de Francia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_II_de_Francia" title="Enrique II de Francia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enrique II de Francia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/II_Henri_(Fransa_kral%C4%B1)" title="II Henri (Fransa kralı) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="II Henri (Fransa kralı)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ایکینجی هانری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایکینجی هانری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_2-s%C3%A8" title="Henri 2-sè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Henri 2-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85_II_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Генрых II Валуа – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Генрых II Валуа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_II_(%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Анри II (Франция) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анри II (Франция)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II,_kralj_Francuske" title="Henrik II, kralj Francuske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Henrik II, kralj Francuske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herri_II_(Bro-C%27hall)" title="Herri II (Bro-C'hall) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Herri II (Bro-C'hall)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enric_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Enric II de França – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enric II de França" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_II_(%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%C4%95)" title="Генрих II (Франци королĕ) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Генрих II (Франци королĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jind%C5%99ich_II._Francouzsk%C3%BD" title="Jindřich II. Francouzský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jindřich II. Francouzský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harri_II,_brenin_Ffrainc" title="Harri II, brenin Ffrainc – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Harri II, brenin Ffrainc" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_2._af_Frankrig" title="Henrik 2. af Frankrig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Henrik 2. af Frankrig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_II._(Frankreich)" title="Heinrich II. (Frankreich) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heinrich II. (Frankreich)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_(Prantsusmaa)" title="Henri II (Prantsusmaa) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Henri II (Prantsusmaa)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ερρίκος Β΄ της Γαλλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ερρίκος Β΄ της Γαλλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_II_de_Francia" title="Enrique II de Francia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enrique II de Francia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henriko_la_2-a_(Francio)" title="Henriko la 2-a (Francio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Henriko la 2-a (Francio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrike_II.a_Frantziakoa" title="Henrike II.a Frantziakoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Henrike II.a Frantziakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85" title="هانری دوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هانری دوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_(roi_de_France)" title="Henri II (roi de France) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Henri II (roi de France)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_II_de_Francia" title="Henrique II de Francia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Henrique II de Francia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%A6%AC_2%EC%84%B8" title="앙리 2세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앙리 2세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%AB_II_(%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80)" title="Հենրի II (Ֆրանսիայի թագավոր) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հենրի II (Ֆրանսիայի թագավոր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II.,_francuski_kralj" title="Henrik II., francuski kralj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Henrik II., francuski kralj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_la_2ma_di_Francia" title="Henri la 2ma di Francia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Henri la 2ma di Francia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_dari_Prancis" title="Henri II dari Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Henri II dari Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinrik_2._Frakkakonungur" title="Hinrik 2. Frakkakonungur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hinrik 2. Frakkakonungur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_II_di_Francia" title="Enrico II di Francia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Enrico II di Francia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="אנרי השני, מלך צרפת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנרי השני, מלך צרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_II_(%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98)" title="ანრი II (საფრანგეთი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანრი II (საფრანგეთი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_(gazik_ke_Franca)" title="Henri II (gazik ke Franca) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Henri II (gazik ke Franca)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henricus_II_(rex_Francorum)" title="Henricus II (rex Francorum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Henricus II (rex Francorum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anr%C4%AB_II_Valu%C4%81" title="Anrī II Valuā – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anrī II Valuā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrikas_II" title="Henrikas II – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Henrikas II" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrigh_II_de_Francia" title="Enrigh II de Francia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Enrigh II de Francia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._Henrik_francia_kir%C3%A1ly" title="II. Henrik francia király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="II. Henrik francia király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_II" title="Анри II – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Анри II" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="फ्रान्सचा दुसरा हेन्री – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रान्सचा दुसरा हेन्री" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="هنرى التانى ملك فرنسا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هنرى التانى ملك فرنسا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_dari_Perancis" title="Henri II dari Perancis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Henri II dari Perancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_II_van_Frankrijk" title="Hendrik II van Frankrijk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hendrik II van Frankrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AA2%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E7%8E%8B)" title="アンリ2世 (フランス王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンリ2世 (フランス王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II_av_Frankrike" title="Henrik II av Frankrike – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Henrik II av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II_av_Frankrike" title="Henrik II av Frankrike – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Henrik II av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enric_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Enric II de França – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Enric II de França" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henryk_II_Walezjusz" title="Henryk II Walezjusz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Henryk II Walezjusz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Henrique II de França – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Henrique II de França" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henric_al_II-lea_al_Fran%C8%9Bei" title="Henric al II-lea al Franței – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Henric al II-lea al Franței" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_II_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8)" title="Генрих II (король Франции) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Генрих II (король Франции)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_o_Fraunce" title="Henry II o Fraunce – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Henry II o Fraunce" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Henry II of France" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrich_II._(Franc%C3%BAzsko)" title="Henrich II. (Francúzsko) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Henrich II. (Francúzsko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II._Francoski" title="Henrik II. Francoski – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Henrik II. Francoski" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_II_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Анри II Валоа – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анри II Валоа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_od_Francuske" title="Henri II od Francuske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Henri II od Francuske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II_(Ranska)" title="Henrik II (Ranska) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Henrik II (Ranska)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_II_av_Frankrike" title="Henrik II av Frankrike – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Henrik II av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_II_ng_Pransiya" title="Enrique II ng Pransiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Enrique II ng Pransiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_2_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="พระเจ้าอ็องรีที่ 2 แห่งฝรั่งเศส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าอ็องรีที่ 2 แห่งฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._Henri" title="II. Henri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="II. Henri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85_II_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97)" title="Генріх II (король Франції) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Генріх II (король Франції)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_II_de_Fransa" title="Enrico II de Fransa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Enrico II de Fransa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_II_c%E1%BB%A7a_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Henri II của Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Henri II của Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96%EF%BC%88%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%EF%BC%89" title="亨利二世（法兰西） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亨利二世（法兰西）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_2k_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_Fr%C3%A1ns%C3%AC" title="Henry 2k ilẹ̀ Fránsì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Henry 2k ilẹ̀ Fránsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B)" title="亨利二世 (法國) – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亨利二世 (法國)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF)" title="亨利二世 (法兰西) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亨利二世 (法兰西)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q132545#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of France from 1547 to 1559</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Henry II</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_(altered).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg/220px-Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg/330px-Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg/440px-Henry_II_of_France-Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet_%28altered%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">1559 portrait</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="King of France">King of France</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint">(<a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_French_sovereign" title="Style of the French sovereign">more...</a>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">31 March 1547 – 10 July 1559</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_French_monarch" title="Coronation of the French monarch">Coronation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25 July 1547</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Brittany">Duke of Brittany</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">10 August 1536 – 13 August 1547</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">Francis III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Position abolished</i> (Brittany absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/Crown_lands_of_France" title="Crown lands of France">crown lands of France</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Henry, Duke of Orléans<br />31 March 1519<br /><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">10 July 1559 (aged 40)<br /><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_des_Tournelles" title="Hôtel des Tournelles">Hôtel des Tournelles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data">13 August 1559<br /><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis Basilica">Saint Denis Basilica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="28 October 1533">1533</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal"><i><a href="#Children">more...</a></i></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis II, King of France">Francis II, King of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois" title="Elisabeth of Valois">Elisabeth, Queen of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_of_Valois" title="Claude of Valois">Claude, Duchess of Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_of_Valois_(1549%E2%80%931550)" title="Louis of Valois (1549–1550)">Louis, Duke of Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX,_King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles IX, King of France">Charles IX, King of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry III, King of France">Henry III, King of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Valois" title="Margaret of Valois">Margaret, Queen of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Anjou" title="Francis, Duke of Anjou">Francis, Duke of Anjou</a></li></ul> </div> <i>Illegitimate</i> :<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_de_France" title="Diane de France">Diane, Duchess of Angoulême</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_d%27Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Henri d'Angoulême">Henri, Duke of Angoulême</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri,_Count_of_Saint-R%C3%A9mi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri, Count of Saint-Rémi (page does not exist)">Henri, Count of Saint-Rémi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-R%C3%A9mi" class="extiw" title="fr:Henri de Saint-Rémi">fr</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois-Angoul%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Valois-Angoulême">Valois-Angoulême</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Claude,_Duchess_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude, Duchess of Brittany">Claude, Duchess of Brittany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_France" title="Catholic Church in France">Catholicism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry II's signature"><img alt="Henry II's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg/125px-Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg/188px-Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg/250px-Henry_II_of_France_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Henry II</b> (French: <i lang="fr">Henri II</i>; 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559) was <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs#House_of_Valois-Angoulême_(1515–1589)" title="List of French monarchs">King of France</a> from 1547 until his death in 1559. The second son of <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude_of_France" title="Claude of France">Duchess Claude of Brittany</a>, he became <a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphin of France</a> upon the death of his elder brother <a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">Francis</a> in 1536. </p><p>As a child, Henry and his elder brother spent over four years in captivity in Spain as hostages in exchange for their father. Henry pursued his father's policies in matters of art, war, and religion. He persevered in the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a> against the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburgs</a> and tried to suppress the <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a>, even as the <a href="/wiki/Huguenots" title="Huguenots">Huguenot</a> numbers were increasing drastically in France during his reign. </p><p>Under the April 1559 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Cateau-Cambr%C3%A9sis" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis">Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis</a> which ended the Italian Wars, France renounced its claims in Italy, but gained certain other territories, including the <a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Calais" title="Pale of Calais">Pale of Calais</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Three_Bishoprics" title="Three Bishoprics">Three Bishoprics</a>. These acquisitions strengthened French borders while the abdication of <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a> in January 1556 and division of his empire between <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg Monarchy">Austria</a> provided them with greater flexibility in foreign policy. <a href="/wiki/Nostradamus" title="Nostradamus">Nostradamus</a> also served King Henry as physician and astrologer. </p><p>In June 1559, Henry was injured in a <a href="/wiki/Jousting" title="Jousting">jousting</a> tournament held to celebrate the treaty, and died ten days later after his surgeon, <a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Par%C3%A9" title="Ambroise Paré">Ambroise Paré</a>, was unable to cure the wound inflicted by <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_de_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel de Montgomery">Gabriel de Montgomery</a>, the captain of his <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Guard">Scottish Guard</a>. Though he died early, the succession appeared secure, for he left four young sons – as well as a widow (<a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a>) to lead a capable regency during their minority. Three of those sons lived long enough to become king; but their ineffectual reigns, and the unpopularity of Catherine's regency, helped to spark the <a href="/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion" title="French Wars of Religion">French Wars of Religion</a> between <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestants</a>, and an eventual end to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> as France's ruling dynasty. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_II_enfant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Henri_II_enfant.jpg/180px-Henri_II_enfant.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Henri_II_enfant.jpg/270px-Henri_II_enfant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Henri_II_enfant.jpg/360px-Henri_II_enfant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="484" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Henry as a child</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry was born in the royal <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a>, near Paris, the son of <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">King Francis I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude,_Duchess_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude, Duchess of Brittany">Claude, Duchess of Brittany</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XII of France">Louis XII of France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Duchess_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne, Duchess of Brittany">Anne, Duchess of Brittany</a>. Francis and Claude were <a href="/wiki/Second_cousins" class="mw-redirect" title="Second cousins">second cousins</a>; both had <a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis I, Duke of Orléans">Louis I, Duke of Orléans</a>, as a patrilineal great-grandfather, and their marriage strengthened the family's claim to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner19883–5_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner19883–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry's father was captured at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pavia" title="Battle of Pavia">Battle of Pavia</a> in 1525 by the forces of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, and held prisoner in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETazón200316_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETazón200316-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To obtain his release, it was agreed that Henry and his older brother Francis be sent to Spain in his place.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht1984189_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht1984189-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They remained in captivity for over four years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatkins200979–80_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatkins200979–80-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry married <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a>, a member of the ruling family of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, on 28 October 1533, when they were both fourteen years old.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wedding was officiated by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a>, himself a <a href="/wiki/Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Medici">Medici</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, Henry's brother Francis was alive and there was little prospect of Henry coming to the throne. The following year, he became romantically involved with a thirty-five-year-old widow, <a href="/wiki/Diane_de_Poitiers" title="Diane de Poitiers">Diane de Poitiers</a>. Henry and Diane had always been very close: the young lady had fondly embraced Henry on the day he, as a seven-year-old child, set off to captivity in Spain, and the bond had been renewed after his return to France.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the tournament to honour his father's new bride, <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Austria" title="Eleanor of Austria">Eleanor</a>, in 1531, Henry and Francis dressed as chevaliers, and Henry wore Diane's colors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Extremely confident, mature and intelligent, Diane left Catherine powerless to intervene.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She did, however, insist that Henry sleep with Catherine in order to produce heirs to the throne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When his elder brother Francis died in 1536 after a game of tennis, Henry became heir apparent to the throne. </p><p>His attachment to Diane caused a breach with his father in 1544; the royal mistress <a href="/wiki/Anne_de_Pisseleu_d%27Heilly" title="Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly">Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly</a> persuaded Francis that Henry and Diane were conspiring on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Anne_de_Montmorency" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne de Montmorency">the Constable Montmorency</a>, who had been banished from court in 1540. Francis banished Diane from court.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013176_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013176-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry also withdrew to the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Anet" title="Château d'Anet">Château d'Anet</a>; father and son were reconciled in 1545.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013177_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013177-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He succeeded his father on his 28th birthday and was crowned King of France on 25 July 1547 at <a href="/wiki/Reims_Cathedral" title="Reims Cathedral">Reims Cathedral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThevet201024–25_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThevet201024–25-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attitude_towards_Protestants">Attitude towards Protestants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Attitude towards Protestants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry's reign was marked by the persecution of Protestants, mainly Calvinists known as <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Huguenots</a>. Henry II severely punished them, particularly the ministers, for example by <a href="/wiki/Burning_at_the_stake" class="mw-redirect" title="Burning at the stake">burning at the stake</a> or cutting off their tongues for uttering <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heresies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988114–132_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988114–132-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry II was made a <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Garter">Knight of the Garter</a> by <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI, King of England</a>, in April 1551.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoach2014107_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoach2014107-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 19 July, after some lengthy haggling concerning the dowry, a betrothal was made between his daughter, <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois" title="Elisabeth of Valois">Elisabeth</a> and Edward.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoach2014108_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoach2014108-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Ch%C3%A2teaubriant" title="Edict of Châteaubriant">Edict of Châteaubriant</a> (27 June 1551) called upon the civil and ecclesiastical courts to detect and punish all heretics and placed severe restrictions on Huguenots, including the loss of one-third of their property to informers, and confiscations. The Edict also strictly regulated publications by prohibiting the sale, importation or printing of any unapproved book. It was during the reign of Henry II that Huguenot attempts at establishing a colony in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> were made, with the short-lived formation of <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/France_Antarctique" title="France Antarctique">France Antarctique</a></i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFelixJuall20162_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFelixJuall20162-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1559, with war against the Habsburgs concluded, Henri established in <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</a> his desire to task much of the <a href="/wiki/Gendarme_(historical)" title="Gendarme (historical)">Gendarmerie</a> that had been involved in the foreign wars with the extirpation of domestic heresy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding197837_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding197837-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italian_War_of_1551–1559"><span id="Italian_War_of_1551.E2.80.931559"></span>Italian War of 1551–1559</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Italian War of 1551–1559"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%931559" title="Italian War of 1551–1559">Italian War of 1551–1559</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri2entranceMetz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Henri2entranceMetz.jpg/220px-Henri2entranceMetz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Henri2entranceMetz.jpg/330px-Henri2entranceMetz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Henri2entranceMetz.jpg/440px-Henri2entranceMetz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="629" /></a><figcaption>Henry II enters <a href="/wiki/Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a> following the 1552 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chambord" title="Treaty of Chambord">Treaty of Chambord</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551%E2%80%931559" title="Italian War of 1551–1559">Italian War of 1551–1559</a> began when Henry declared war on Holy Roman Emperor Charles V with the intent of recapturing Italy and ensuring French, rather than Habsburg, domination of European affairs. Persecution of Protestants at home did not prevent him from becoming allied with German Protestant princes at the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chambord" title="Treaty of Chambord">Treaty of Chambord</a> in 1552. Simultaneously, the continuation of his father's <a href="/wiki/Franco-Ottoman_alliance" title="Franco-Ottoman alliance">Franco-Ottoman alliance</a> allowed him to invade the <a href="/wiki/Rhineland" title="Rhineland">Rhineland</a> while a Franco-Ottoman fleet defended southern France.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInalcik1995328_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEInalcik1995328-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although an attempted 1553 invasion of <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> ended with defeat at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marciano" title="Battle of Marciano">Marciano</a>, in return for his support in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Schmalkaldic_War" title="Second Schmalkaldic War">Second Schmalkaldic War</a>, Henry occupied the <a href="/wiki/Three_Bishoprics" title="Three Bishoprics">Three Bishoprics</a> of <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Toul" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince-Bishopric of Toul">Toul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Verdun" title="Prince-Bishopric of Verdun">Verdun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Metz" title="Prince-Bishopric of Metz">Metz</a>, acquisitions secured with victory at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Renty" title="Battle of Renty">Renty</a> in 1554.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThevet201092_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThevet201092-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the abdication of Charles V in 1556, the Habsburg empire was split between his son <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a> and brother Emperor <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I</a>. The focus of Henry's conflict with the Habsburgs shifted to <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>, where Philip, in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Philibert,_Duke_of_Savoy" title="Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy">Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy</a>, defeated the French at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Quentin_(1557)" title="Battle of St. Quentin (1557)">St Quentin</a>. England's entry into the war later that year led to the French <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Calais_(1558)" title="Siege of Calais (1558)">capture of Calais</a>, and French armies plundered the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands">Spanish Netherlands</a>. However, in April 1559 lack of money and increasing domestic religious tensions led Henry to agree the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Cateau-Cambr%C3%A9sis" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis">Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKonnert200697_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonnert200697-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Peace was signed between Henry and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a> on 2 April<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENolan2006127_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENolan2006127-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and between Henry and Philip of Spain on 3 April 1559 at <a href="/wiki/Le_Cateau-Cambr%C3%A9sis" title="Le Cateau-Cambrésis">Le Cateau-Cambrésis</a>. Under its terms, France restored <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savoy" title="Savoy">Savoy</a> to Emmanuel Philibert, but retained <a href="/wiki/Saluzzo" title="Saluzzo">Saluzzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calais" title="Calais">Calais</a> and the Three Bishoprics. The agreement was reinforced by a marriage between Henry's sister <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_France,_Duchess_of_Berry" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry">Margaret</a> and Emmanuel Philibert, while his daughter <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois" title="Elisabeth of Valois">Elisabeth of Valois</a> became Philip's third wife.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht20001_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht20001-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry raised the young <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>, at his court, hoping to establish a dynastic claim to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Kingdom of Scotland</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Mary,_Queen_of_Scots,_and_Francis,_Dauphin_of_France" title="Wedding of Mary, Queen of Scots, and Francis, Dauphin of France">her marriage</a> to <a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Dauphin Francis</a> on 24 April 1558. Their son would have been King of France and King of Scotland, and also a claimant to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>. Henry had Mary sign secret documents, illegal in Scottish law, that would ensure Valois rule in Scotland even if Mary died without leaving a child by Francis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuy201291_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuy201291-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As it happened, Francis died without issue a year and half after his father, ending the French claim to Scotland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patent_innovation">Patent innovation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Patent innovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_patent_law" title="History of patent law">History of patent law</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II,_1554,_Bourges.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg/220px-Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg/330px-Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg/440px-Double_henri_d%27or_a_l%27effigie_d%27Henri_II%2C_1554%2C_Bourges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>Henry II</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry II introduced the concept of publishing the description of an invention in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a>. The idea was to require an inventor to disclose his invention in exchange for monopoly rights to the patent. The description is called a patent "specification". The first patent specification was submitted by the inventor <a href="/wiki/Abel_Foullon" title="Abel Foullon">Abel Foullon</a> for <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Usaige & Description de l'holmetre</i></span> (a type of <a href="/wiki/Rangefinder" title="Rangefinder">rangefinder</a>). Publication was delayed until after the patent expired in 1561.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrumkin1945143_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrumkin1945143-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg/220px-Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg/330px-Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg/440px-Tournament_between_Henry_II_and_Lorges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="1590" /></a><figcaption>The fatal tournament between Henry II and <a href="/wiki/Gabriel,_comte_de_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel, comte de Montgomery">Montgomery</a> (Lord of "Lorges")</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry II was an avid hunter and a participant in <a href="/wiki/Jousting" title="Jousting">jousts</a> and tournaments. On 30 June 1559, a tournament was held near <a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a> to celebrate the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis with his longtime enemies, the Habsburgs of Austria, and to celebrate the marriage of his daughter <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois" title="Elisabeth of Valois">Elisabeth of Valois</a> to King <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a>. During a jousting match, King Henry, wearing the colours of his mistress <a href="/wiki/Diane_de_Poitiers" title="Diane de Poitiers">Diane de Poitiers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013213_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013213-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was wounded in the eye by a fragment of the splintered lance of <a href="/wiki/Gabriel,_comte_de_Montgomery" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel, comte de Montgomery">Gabriel Montgomery</a>, captain of the King's <a href="/wiki/Garde_%C3%89cossaise" class="mw-redirect" title="Garde Écossaise">Scottish Guard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988250_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988250-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the efforts of royal surgeons <a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Par%C3%A9" title="Ambroise Paré">Ambroise Paré</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Vesalius" title="Andreas Vesalius">Andreas Vesalius</a>, the court doctors ultimately "advocated a wait-and-see strategy";<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a result, the king's untreated eye and brain damage led to his death by <a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">sepsis</a> on 10 July 1559.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988252_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988252-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His autopsy found that he had a cerebral abscess and the infection that he got through sepsis probably travelled to his brain.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried in a <a href="/wiki/Cadaver_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadaver tomb">cadaver tomb</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis Basilica">Saint Denis Basilica</a>. Henry's death played a significant role in the decline of jousting as a sport, particularly in France.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarberBarker1989134,_139_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarberBarker1989134,_139-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG/220px-Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG/330px-Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG/440px-Henri_II_et_Catherine_de_M%C3%A9dicis.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Tombs of Henry II of France and his wife <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a> in <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_St_Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of St Denis">Basilica of St Denis</a>, Paris</figcaption></figure> <p>As Henry lay dying, Queen Catherine limited access to his bedside and denied Diane de Poitiers permission to see him, even though he repeatedly asked for her. Following his death, Catherine sent Diane into exile, where she lived in comfort on her own properties until her death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013213_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013213-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was the practice to enclose the heart of the king in an urn. The Monument to the Heart of Henry II is in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>, but was originally in the Chapel of Orleans beneath a pyramid. The original bronze urn holding the king's heart was destroyed during the French Revolution and a replica was made in the 19th century. The marble sculpture of the <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Three Graces</a> holding the urn, executed from a single piece of marble by <a href="/wiki/Germain_Pilon" title="Germain Pilon">Germain Pilon</a>, the sculptor to <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici" title="Catherine de' Medici">Catherine de' Medici</a>, survives.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg1966206–218_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg1966206–218-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry was succeeded by his sickly fifteen-year-old son, <a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht199759_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht199759-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Francis was married to sixteen-year-old <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>, who had been his childhood friend and fiancée since her arrival at the French court when she was five.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198867–69_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198867–69-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Francis II died in December 1560, and Mary returned to Scotland in August 1561.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFraser1991900_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFraser1991900-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Francis II was succeeded by his ten-year-old brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a>. His mother, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de_Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine de Medici">Catherine de Medici</a>, acted as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht199772_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht199772-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Children">Children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Descendants_of_Henry_II_of_France" title="Descendants of Henry II of France">Descendants of Henry II of France</a></div> <p>Catherine de' Medici bore ten of Henry's children:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnselme1726134–136_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnselme1726134–136-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a>, born 19 January 1544, who married <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth of Valois">Elizabeth of France</a>, born 2 April 1546, who married <a href="/wiki/Philip_II,_King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip II, King of Spain">Philip II, King of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_of_Valois" title="Claude of Valois">Claude</a>, born 12 November 1547, who married <a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Lorraine" title="Charles III, Duke of Lorraine">Charles III, Duke of Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_of_Valois_(1549%E2%80%931550)" title="Louis of Valois (1549–1550)">Louis</a>, Duke of Orléans, born 3 February 1549, died 24 October 1550</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a>, born 27 June 1550, died 30 May 1574</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a>, born 19 September 1551, also briefly King of Poland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Marguerite de Valois">Margaret</a>, born 14 May 1553, who married Henry III, King of Navarre (later <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV of France</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois,_Duke_of_Anjou" class="mw-redirect" title="François, Duke of Anjou">Hercules</a>, born 18 March 1555, later known as Francis, Duke of Alençon and Anjou</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoire_of_France_(1556)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoire of France (1556)">Victoire</a>, born 24 June 1556, died 17 August 1556</li> <li>Joan, born 24 June 1556, stillborn.</li></ul> <p>Henry II also had three illegitimate children: </p> <ul><li>By <a href="/wiki/Filippa_Duci" title="Filippa Duci">Filippa Duci</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMerrill1935133_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMerrill1935133-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_de_France" title="Diane de France">Diane, duchesse d'Angoulême</a> (1538–1619). At the age of fourteen, she married <a href="/wiki/Orazio_Farnese,_Duke_of_Castro" title="Orazio Farnese, Duke of Castro">Orazio Farnese, Duke of Castro</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198870_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198870-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who died in battle in 1553. Her second marriage was to <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Montmorency,_2nd_Duke_of_Montmorency" title="François de Montmorency, 2nd Duke of Montmorency">François, Duke of Montmorency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELanza200729_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELanza200729-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>By <a href="/wiki/Lady_Janet_Stewart" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Janet Stewart">Lady Janet Stewart</a> (1502–1562), the illegitimate daughter of <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV of Scotland</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESealy1981206_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESealy1981206-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henri_d%27Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Henri d'Angoulême">Henri d'Angoulême</a> (1551 – June 1586).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013212_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013212-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was legitimized and became governor of <a href="/wiki/Provence" title="Provence">Provence</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>By <a href="/wiki/Nicole_de_Savigny" title="Nicole de Savigny">Nicole de Savigny</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_de_Saint-R%C3%A9mi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri de Saint-Rémi (page does not exist)">Henri de Saint-Rémi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-R%C3%A9mi" class="extiw" title="fr:Henri de Saint-Rémi">fr</a>]</span> (1557–1621).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht199738_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht199738-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was given the title of Count of Saint-Rémy. One of his last known descendants was <a href="/wiki/Comtesse_de_la_Motte" class="mw-redirect" title="Comtesse de la Motte">Jeanne de Valois-Saint-Rémy, Countess de la Motte</a>, famous for her role in the <a href="/wiki/Affair_of_the_Diamond_Necklace" title="Affair of the Diamond Necklace">Affair of the Diamond Necklace</a> at the court of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portrayals">Portrayals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Portrayals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henri or Henry has had four notable portrayals onscreen: </p><p>He was played by a young <a href="/wiki/Roger_Moore" title="Roger Moore">Roger Moore</a> in the 1956 film <i><a href="/wiki/Diane_(1956_film)" title="Diane (1956 film)">Diane</a></i>, opposite <a href="/wiki/Lana_Turner" title="Lana Turner">Lana Turner</a> in the title role and <a href="/wiki/Marisa_Pavan" title="Marisa Pavan">Marisa Pavan</a> as <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de_Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine de Medici">Catherine de Medici</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1998 film <i><a href="/wiki/Ever_After" title="Ever After">Ever After</a></i>, the Prince Charming figure, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Dougray_Scott" title="Dougray Scott">Dougray Scott</a>, shares his name with the historical monarch. </p><p>In the 2013 <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">CW</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/Reign_(TV_series)" title="Reign (TV series)">Reign</a></i>, he is played by <a href="/wiki/Alan_van_Sprang" title="Alan van Sprang">Alan van Sprang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the premiere of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Serpent_Queen" title="The Serpent Queen">The Serpent Queen</a></i> (2022), a young Henri (Alex Heath) is shown meeting and marrying Catherine De Medici, performing consummation of the marriage, jousting, and snuggling in the older Diane's arms. Beginning with the fourth episode, older Henri is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Lee_Ingleby" title="Lee Ingleby">Lee Ingleby</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal Monogram"><img alt="Royal Monogram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg/47px-Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg/70px-Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg/94px-Royal_Monogram_of_King_Henri_II_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="357" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Royal Monogram</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detail from portrait plaque, enamel and gilding on copper"><img alt="Detail from portrait plaque, enamel and gilding on copper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg/92px-Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg/138px-Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg/184px-Henri_II_of_France_-_Limoges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1601" data-file-height="2090" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Detail from portrait plaque, enamel and gilding on copper</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry II, here standing on an oriental carpet, continued the policy of Franco-Ottoman alliance of his father Francis I. Painting by François Clouet."><img alt="Henry II, here standing on an oriental carpet, continued the policy of Franco-Ottoman alliance of his father Francis I. Painting by François Clouet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg/75px-Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg/112px-Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg/150px-Clouet_atelier_Henri_II_Roi_de_France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="1143" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Henry II, here <a href="/wiki/Oriental_carpets_in_Renaissance_painting" title="Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting">standing on an oriental carpet</a>, continued the policy of <a href="/wiki/Franco-Ottoman_alliance" title="Franco-Ottoman alliance">Franco-Ottoman alliance</a> of his father <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a>. Painting by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Clouet" title="François Clouet">François Clouet</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henri_II_1547.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coin of Henry II, 1547"><img alt="Coin of Henry II, 1547" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Henri_II_1547.jpg/118px-Henri_II_1547.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Henri_II_1547.jpg/177px-Henri_II_1547.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Henri_II_1547.jpg/236px-Henri_II_1547.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1791" data-file-height="1818" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coin of Henry II, 1547</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Bastard culverin" of 1548, with arms of Henri II and Catherine de Medicis and crescent of Diane de Poitiers. Caliber: 85 mm, length: 300 cm, weight: 1076 kg."><img alt=""Bastard culverin" of 1548, with arms of Henri II and Catherine de Medicis and crescent of Diane de Poitiers. Caliber: 85 mm, length: 300 cm, weight: 1076 kg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg/87px-French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg/131px-French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg/175px-French_bastard_culverin_1548_with_arms_of_Henri_II_and_Catherine_de_Medicis_and_crescent_of_Diane_85mm_300cm_1076kg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2203" data-file-height="3026" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"<a href="/wiki/Calibres_de_France" title="Calibres de France">Bastard culverin</a>" of 1548, with arms of Henri II and <a href="/wiki/Catherine_de_Medicis" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine de Medicis">Catherine de Medicis</a> and crescent of <a href="/wiki/Diane_de_Poitiers" title="Diane de Poitiers">Diane de Poitiers</a>. Caliber: 85 mm, length: 300 cm, weight: 1076 kg.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A cypher machine in the shape of a book, with arms of Henri II."><img alt="A cypher machine in the shape of a book, with arms of Henri II." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg/120px-16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg/180px-16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg/240px-16th_century_French_cypher_machine_in_the_shape_of_a_book_with_arms_of_Henri_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2128" data-file-height="1395" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cypher machine</a> in the shape of a book, with arms of Henri II.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monument to the Heart of Henry II, Louvre, Paris, sculpture of the Three Graces by Germain Pilon holding a replica of the urn that contained the king's heart"><img alt="Monument to the Heart of Henry II, Louvre, Paris, sculpture of the Three Graces by Germain Pilon holding a replica of the urn that contained the king's heart" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg/68px-Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg/103px-Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg/137px-Monument_du_coeur_d%27Henri_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="1293" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monument to the Heart of Henry II, Louvre, Paris, sculpture of the <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Three Graces</a> by <a href="/wiki/Germain_Pilon" title="Germain Pilon">Germain Pilon</a> holding a replica of the urn that contained the king's heart</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Henry II of France</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/John,_Count_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="John, Count of Angoulême">John, Count of Angoulême</a><sup id="cite_ref-Adams2010_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adams2010-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Count_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Charles, Count of Angoulême">Charles, Count of Angoulême</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht19841–2_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht19841–2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_de_Rohan,_Countess_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Marguerite de Rohan, Countess of Angoulême">Marguerite de Rohan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Gicquel1986_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gicquel1986-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/Philip_II,_Duke_of_Savoy" title="Philip II, Duke of Savoy">Philip II, Duke of Savoy</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jackson-Laufer_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson-Laufer-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Louise_of_Savoy" title="Louise of Savoy">Louise of Savoy</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht19841–2_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht19841–2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Bourbon_(1438%E2%80%931483)" title="Margaret of Bourbon (1438–1483)">Margaret of Bourbon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jackson-Laufer_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson-Laufer-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. <b>Henry II of France</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Charles, Duke of Orléans">Charles, Duke of Orléans</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wilson1991_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson1991-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Louis_XII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XII of France">Louis XII of France</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Cleves" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie of Cleves">Marie of Cleves</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wilson1991_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson1991-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Claude_of_France" title="Claude of France">Claude, Duchess of Brittany</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">14. <a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis II, Duke of Brittany">Francis II, Duke of Brittany</a><sup id="cite_ref-Robin2007_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robin2007-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Brittany" title="Anne of Brittany">Anne, Duchess of Brittany</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">15. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Foix" title="Margaret of Foix">Margaret of Foix</a><sup id="cite_ref-Robin2007_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robin2007-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner19883–5-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner19883–5_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaumgartner1988">Baumgartner 1988</a>, pp. 3–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETazón200316-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETazón200316_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTazón2003">Tazón 2003</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht1984189-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht1984189_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKnecht1984">Knecht 1984</a>, p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatkins200979–80-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatkins200979–80_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWatkins2009">Watkins 2009</a>, pp. 79–80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner198828–29_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaumgartner1988">Baumgartner 1988</a>, pp. 28–29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013197_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellman2013">Wellman 2013</a>, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013200_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellman2013">Wellman 2013</a>, p. 200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013176-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013176_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellman2013">Wellman 2013</a>, p. 176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellman2013177-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellman2013177_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellman2013">Wellman 2013</a>, p. 177.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThevet201024–25-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThevet201024–25_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThevet2010">Thevet 2010</a>, pp. 24–25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988114–132-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaumgartner1988114–132_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaumgartner1988">Baumgartner 1988</a>, pp. 114–132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoach2014107-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoach2014107_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoach2014">Loach 2014</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoach2014108-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoach2014108_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoach2014">Loach 2014</a>, p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFelixJuall20162-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFelixJuall20162_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFelixJuall2016">Felix & Juall 2016</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding197837-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding197837_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarding1978">Harding 1978</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEInalcik1995328-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInalcik1995328_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInalcik1995">Inalcik 1995</a>, p. 328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThevet201092-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThevet201092_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThevet2010">Thevet 2010</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonnert200697-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKonnert200697_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKonnert2006">Konnert 2006</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENolan2006127-19"><span 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Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Afterlife+of+Isabeau+of+Bavaria&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gicquel1986-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gicquel1986_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGicquel1986" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvonig_Gicquel" class="extiw" title="fr:Yvonig Gicquel">Gicquel, Yvonig</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in French]</span> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pGgfAAAAMAAJ"><i>Alain IX de Rohan, 1382–1462: un grand seigneur de l'âge d'or de la Bretagne</i></a> (in French). Éditions Jean Picollec. p. 480. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782864770718" title="Special:BookSources/9782864770718"><bdi>9782864770718</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alain+IX+de+Rohan%2C+1382%E2%80%931462%3A+un+grand+seigneur+de+l%27%C3%A2ge+d%27or+de+la+Bretagne&rft.pages=480&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Jean+Picollec&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=9782864770718&rft.aulast=Gicquel&rft.aufirst=Yvonig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpGgfAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson-Laufer-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson-Laufer_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson-Laufer_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson-Laufer1999" class="citation book cs1">Jackson-Laufer, Guida Myrl (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9791576070917"><i>Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide</i></a></span>. ABC-CLIO. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9791576070917/page/231">231</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576070918" title="Special:BookSources/9781576070918"><bdi>9781576070918</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+Rulers+Throughout+the+Ages%3A+An+Illustrated+Guide&rft.pages=231&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781576070918&rft.aulast=Jackson-Laufer&rft.aufirst=Guida+Myrl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9791576070917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson1991-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson1991_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson1991_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1991" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Katharina M. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2Wf1SVbGFg8C&pg=PA258"><i>An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 258. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780824085476" title="Special:BookSources/9780824085476"><bdi>9780824085476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Encyclopedia+of+Continental+Women+Writers&rft.pages=258&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780824085476&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Katharina+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Wf1SVbGFg8C%26pg%3DPA258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Robin2007-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Robin2007_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Robin2007_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinLarsenLevin2007" class="citation book cs1">Robin, Diana Maury; Larsen, Anne R.; Levin, Carole (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OQ8mdTjxungC&q=anne+of+brittany+born+1477+nantes"><i>Encyclopedia of Women in the Renaissance: Italy, France, and England</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1851097722" title="Special:BookSources/978-1851097722"><bdi>978-1851097722</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Women+in+the+Renaissance%3A+Italy%2C+France%2C+and+England&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1851097722&rft.aulast=Robin&rft.aufirst=Diana+Maury&rft.au=Larsen%2C+Anne+R.&rft.au=Levin%2C+Carole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOQ8mdTjxungC%26q%3Danne%2Bof%2Bbrittany%2Bborn%2B1477%2Bnantes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_II_of_France&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnselme1726" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anselme de Sainte-Marie, Père (1726). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k76026j/f149.image"><i>Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France</i></a> [<i>Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of France</i>] (in French). Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Paris: La compagnie des libraires. pp. 134–136.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique+et+chronologique+de+la+maison+royale+de+France&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=134-136&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=La+compagnie+des+libraires&rft.date=1726&rft.aulast=Anselme+de+Sainte-Marie&rft.aufirst=P%C3%A8re&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k76026j%2Ff149.image&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarberBarker1989" class="citation book cs1">Barber, Richard; Barker, Juliet (1989). <i>Tournaments: Jousts, Chivalry and Pageants in the Middle Ages</i>. Boydell. pp. 134, 139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85115-470-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85115-470-1"><bdi>978-0-85115-470-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tournaments%3A+Jousts%2C+Chivalry+and+Pageants+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.pages=134%2C+139&rft.pub=Boydell&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-85115-470-1&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Barker%2C+Juliet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaumgartner1988" class="citation book cs1">Baumgartner, Frederic J (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/henryiikingoffra01baum"><i>Henry II, King of France, 1547–1559</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Duke_University_Press" title="Duke University Press">Duke University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822307952" title="Special:BookSources/9780822307952"><bdi>9780822307952</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+II%2C+King+of+France%2C+1547%E2%80%931559&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9780822307952&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=Frederic+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhenryiikingoffra01baum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInalcik1995" class="citation book cs1">Inalcik, Halil (1995). "The Heyday and Decline of the Ottoman Empire". In Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann Katherine Swynford; Lewis, Bernard (eds.). <i>The Cambridge History of Islam</i>. Vol. 1A. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Heyday+and+Decline+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Inalcik&rft.aufirst=Halil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelixJuall2016" class="citation book cs1">Felix, Regina R.; Juall, Scott D., eds. (2016). <i>Cultural Exchanges Between Brazil and France</i>. <a href="/wiki/Purdue_University_Press" title="Purdue University Press">Purdue University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultural+Exchanges+Between+Brazil+and+France&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrumkin1945" class="citation journal cs1">Frumkin, M. (March 1945). "The Origin of Patent". <i>Journal of the Patent Office Society</i>. <b>XXVII</b> (3).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Patent+Office+Society&rft.atitle=The+Origin+of+Patent&rft.volume=XXVII&rft.issue=3&rft.date=1945-03&rft.aulast=Frumkin&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Fraser" title="Antonia Fraser">Fraser, Antonia</a> (1991). "Mary, byname Mary Queen of Scots". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Encyclopædia Britannica">The New Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 7. pp. 900–901.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mary%2C+byname+Mary+Queen+of+Scots&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=900-901&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg1966" class="citation journal cs1">Goldberg, Victoria L. (1966). "Graces, Muses, and Arts: The Urns of Henry II and Francis I". <i>Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes</i>. <b>29</b>: 206–218. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F750716">10.2307/750716</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/750716">750716</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:194963087">194963087</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Warburg+and+Courtauld+Institutes&rft.atitle=Graces%2C+Muses%2C+and+Arts%3A+The+Urns+of+Henry+II+and+Francis+I&rft.volume=29&rft.pages=206-218&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A194963087%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F750716%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F750716&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Victoria+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuy2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Guy_(historian)" title="John Guy (historian)">Guy, John</a> (2012). <i>My Heart is my Own: The Life of Mary Queen of Scots</i>. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Books Ltd">Penguin Books Ltd</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Heart+is+my+Own%3A+The+Life+of+Mary+Queen+of+Scots&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+Ltd&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Guy&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarding1978" class="citation book cs1">Harding, Robert (1978). <i>Anatomy of a Power Elite</i>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0300022026" title="Special:BookSources/0300022026"><bdi>0300022026</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy+of+a+Power+Elite&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0300022026&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnecht1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Knecht" title="Robert Knecht">Knecht, R.J.</a> (1984). <i>Francis I</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Francis+I&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Knecht&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnecht1997" class="citation book cs1">Knecht, R. J. (1997). <i>Catherine De'Medici</i>. Longman.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catherine+De%27Medici&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Knecht&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnecht2000" class="citation book cs1">Knecht, R.J. 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Truman State University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portraits+from+the+French+Renaissance+and+the+Wars+of+Religion&rft.pub=Truman+State+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Thevet&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+II+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThorndike1941" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Thorndike, Lynn</a> (1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NVULAQAAIAAJ&q=%22early+violent+death+of+Henry%22"><i>History of Magic and Experimental Science</i></a>. Vol. 6. New York: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Henry_II._of_France" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Henry II. of France">Henry II. of France</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/henry-ii-france-dies-tournament-wounds">Henry II of France</a> <a href="/wiki/History_Today" title="History Today">History Today</a> V.59 I9.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105110425/http://www.michaelservetusresearch.com/ENGLISH/naturalization.html">Michael Servetus Research- Naturalization</a> Scholarly graphical study on a document issued by Henry II of France in 1548 and 1549</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Henry II of France </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois, Orléans-Angoulême branch</a></b></div><div style="font-size:90%">Cadet branch of the <b><a href="/wiki/Capetian_dynasty" title="Capetian dynasty">Capetian dynasty</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 31 March 1519</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 10 July 1559</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="King of France">King of France</a> </b><br />31 March 1547 – 10 July 1559 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/French_nobility" title="French nobility">French nobility</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XII of France">Louis II</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a> </b><br />1519–1536 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_de_Valois,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans">Charles II</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">Francis III</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Brittany">Duke of Brittany</a> </b><br />10 August 1536 – 31 March 1547 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Merged in crown </b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">French royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">Francis</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphin of France</a> </b><br />10 August 1536 – 31 March 1547 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Brittany" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Breton_monarchs" title="Template:Breton monarchs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Breton_monarchs" title="Template talk:Breton monarchs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Breton_monarchs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Breton monarchs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Brittany" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Brittany" title="List of monarchs of Brittany">Monarchs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brittany" title="Duchy of Brittany">Brittany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Early monarchs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._578–907" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 578–907</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waroch_II" title="Waroch II">Waroch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Judicael" title="Saint Judicael">Saint Judicael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_II_Hir" title="Alain II Hir">Alain II Hir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morman" title="Morman">Morman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wihomarc" title="Wihomarc">Wihomarc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nominoe" title="Nominoe">Nominoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erispoe" title="Erispoe">Erispoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salomon,_King_of_Brittany" title="Salomon, King of Brittany">Salomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascweten" title="Pascweten">Pascweten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurvand" title="Gurvand">Gurvand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicael,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Judicael, Duke of Brittany">Judicael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_I,_King_of_Brittany" title="Alan I, King of Brittany">Alan I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gourma%C3%ABlon" title="Gourmaëlon">Gourmaëlon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Viking occupation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal;background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 907–938</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Hroflr</li> <li>Rognvaldr</li> <li>Incon</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/County_of_Nantes" title="County of Nantes">House of Nantes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">938–958</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Alan II, Duke of Brittany">Alan II</a> (938–952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drogo,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Drogo, Duke of Brittany">Drogo</a> (952–958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%ABl_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Hoël I, Duke of Brittany">Hoël I</a> (960–981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerech,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Guerech, Duke of Brittany">Guerech</a> (981–988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan,_Count_of_Nantes_(988%E2%80%9390)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan, Count of Nantes (988–90)">Alan (III)</a> (988–990)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Rennes" title="Count of Rennes">House of Rennes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">958–1072</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conan_I_of_Rennes" title="Conan I of Rennes">Conan I</a> (990–992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany">Geoffrey I</a> (992–1008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Alan III, Duke of Brittany">Alan III</a> (1008–1040)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odo,_Count_of_Penthi%C3%A8vre" title="Odo, Count of Penthièvre">Odo I</a> (1008–1034)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conan_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Conan II, Duke of Brittany">Conan II</a> (1040–1066)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawise,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Hawise, Duchess of Brittany">Hawise</a> (1066–1072)</li> <li><small>with</small> <a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%ABl_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Hoël II, Duke of Brittany">Hoël II</a> (1066–1072)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">House of Cornouaille</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1072–1156</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_IV,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Alan IV, Duke of Brittany">Alan IV</a> (1072–1112)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conan_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Conan III, Duke of Brittany">Conan III</a> (1112–1148)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Bertha, Duchess of Brittany">Bertha</a> (1148–1156)</li> <li><small>with</small> <a href="/wiki/Odo_II,_Viscount_of_Porho%C3%ABt" title="Odo II, Viscount of Porhoët">Odo II</a> (1148–1156)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Counts_and_dukes_of_Penthi%C3%A8vre" title="Counts and dukes of Penthièvre">House of Penthièvre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1156–1196</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conan_IV,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Conan IV, Duke of Brittany">Conan IV</a> (1156–1166)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Constance, Duchess of Brittany">Constance</a> (1166–1201)</li> <li><small>with</small> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany">Geoffrey II</a> (1181–1186)</li> <li><small>later</small> <a href="/wiki/Guy_of_Thouars" title="Guy of Thouars">Guy of Thouars</a> (1199–1201)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Plantagenet" title="House of Plantagenet">House of Plantagenet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1196–1203</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Arthur I, Duke of Brittany">Arthur I</a> (1196–1203)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_viscounts_of_Thouars" title="List of viscounts of Thouars">House of Thouars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1203–1221</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alix,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Alix, Duchess of Brittany">Alix</a> (1203–1221)</li> <li><small>with</small> <a href="/wiki/Peter_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Peter I, Duke of Brittany">Peter I</a> (1213–1221)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Dreux" title="Counts of Dreux">House of Dreux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1221–1341</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John I, Duke of Brittany">John I</a> (1221–1286)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John II, Duke of Brittany">John II</a> (1286–1305)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Arthur II, Duke of Brittany">Arthur II</a> (1305–1312)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John III, Duke of Brittany">John III</a> (1312–1341)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Breton_Succession" title="War of the Breton Succession">War of the Breton Succession</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1341–1365</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Joan, Duchess of Brittany">Joan</a> (1341–1364)</li> <li><small>with</small> <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Charles, Duke of Brittany">Charles</a> (1341–1364)<br /><small>disputed by </small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Montfort" title="John of Montfort">John of Montfort</a> (1341–1345) <small>and</small> <a href="/wiki/John_IV,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John IV, Duke of Brittany">John IV</a> (1345–1365)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Montfort_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="Montfort of Brittany">Montfort of Brittany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1365–1514</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_IV,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John IV, Duke of Brittany">John IV</a> (1365–1399)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="John V, Duke of Brittany">John V</a> (1399–1442)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis I, Duke of Brittany">Francis I</a> (1442–1450)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Peter II, Duke of Brittany">Peter II</a> (1450–1457)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Arthur III, Duke of Brittany">Arthur III</a> (1457–1458)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis II, Duke of Brittany">Francis II</a> (1458–1488)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Brittany" title="Anne of Brittany">Anne</a> (1488–1514)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1514–1547</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_of_France" title="Claude of France">Claude</a> (1514–1524)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">Francis III</a> (1524–1536)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry</a> (1536–1547)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:lightgray;color:black;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Courtesy_title" title="Courtesy title">Courtesy title</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal; background:lightgray; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;">1547–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Brittany_(1704%E2%80%931705)" title="Louis, Duke of Brittany (1704–1705)">Louis de France</a> (1704–1705)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Brittany_(1707%E2%80%931712)" title="Louis, Duke of Brittany (1707–1712)">Louis de France</a> (1707–1712)</li> <li>François de Bourbon (1973–1984)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_France" title="Template:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_France" title="Template talk:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchs of France</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs" title="Family tree of French monarchs">Detailed family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs_(simple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of French monarchs (simple)">Simplified family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_kings" title="List of Frankish kings">List of Frankish kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">List of French monarchs</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingians</a> (509–751)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charibert_I" title="Charibert I">Charibert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntram" title="Guntram">Guntram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_I" title="Chilperic I">Chilperic I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_I" title="Sigebert I">Sigebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_II" title="Childebert II">Childebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_II" title="Chlothar II">Chlothar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_I" title="Dagobert I">Dagobert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_II" title="Sigebert II">Sigebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_II" title="Clovis II">Clovis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_III" title="Chlothar III">Chlothar III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_II" title="Childeric II">Childeric II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_III" title="Theuderic III">Theuderic III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_IV" title="Clovis IV">Clovis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_III" title="Childebert III">Childebert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_III" title="Dagobert III">Dagobert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_II" title="Chilperic II">Chilperic II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_IV" title="Chlothar IV">Chlothar IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_IV" title="Theuderic IV">Theuderic IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_III" title="Childeric III">Childeric III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Robertians" title="Robertians">Robertians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bosonids" title="Bosonids">Bosonids</a> (751–987)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_the_Short" title="Pepin the Short">Pepin the Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_I" title="Carloman I">Carloman I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> (Charles I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Stammerer" title="Louis the Stammerer">Louis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III_of_France" title="Louis III of France">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_II" title="Carloman II">Carloman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles the Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odo_of_France" title="Odo of France">Odo</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Simple" title="Charles the Simple">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_I_of_France" title="Robert I of France">Robert I</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_of_France" title="Rudolph of France">Rudolph</a><sup><i>B</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_France" title="Louis IV of France">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_of_France" title="Lothair of France">Lothair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V_of_France" title="Louis V of France">Louis V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a> (987–1328)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Capet" title="Hugh Capet">Hugh Capet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_II_of_France" title="Robert II of France">Robert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_France" title="Henry I of France">Henry I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_France" title="Philip I of France">Philip I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VI_of_France" title="Louis VI of France">Louis VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VII_of_France" title="Louis VII of France">Louis VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France" title="Louis VIII of France">Louis VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_France" title="Philip III of France">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_France" title="John I of France">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_France" title="Charles IV of France">Charles IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> (1328–1589)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">John II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">House of Lancaster</a></i> <i>(1422–1453)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1589–1792)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis XVII</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1804–1814; 1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoleon II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1814–1815; 1815–1830)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Louis XIX</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henri,_Count_of_Chambord" title="Henri, Count of Chambord">Henry V</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a> (1830–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Count_of_Paris" title="Prince Philippe, Count of Paris">Louis Philippe II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1852–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Debatable or disputed rulers are in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dukes_of_Orléans" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Template:Dukes of Orléans"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Template talk:Dukes of Orléans"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dukes of Orléans"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dukes_of_Orléans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Dukes of Orléans</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Dukes of Orléans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philip, Duke of Orléans">Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis I, Duke of Orléans">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Charles, Duke of Orléans">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_de_Valois,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_of_Valois_(1549%E2%80%931550)" title="Louis of Valois (1549–1550)">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles Maximilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Alexandre Édouard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Henri,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans">Nicolas Henri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Gaston, Duke of Orléans">Gaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe I, Duke of Orléans">Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_(1703%E2%80%931752)" title="Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Ferdinand_Philippe,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans">Ferdinand Philippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans">Philippe</a></li> <li>François</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg/75px-Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg/113px-Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg/150px-Arms_of_Gaston_dOrleans.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="478" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Current claimants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jacques</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dauphins_of_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dauphins_of_France" title="Template:Dauphins of France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dauphins_of_France" title="Template talk:Dauphins of France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dauphins_of_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dauphins of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dauphins_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphins of France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles,_Dauphin_of_France_(1386)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles, Dauphin of France (1386) (page does not exist)">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles,_Dauphin_of_France_(1392%E2%80%931401)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles, Dauphin of France (1392–1401) (page does not exist)">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Guyenne" title="Louis, Duke of Guyenne">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Touraine" title="John, Duke of Touraine">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a></li> <li>François</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Orlando,_Dauphin_of_France" title="Charles Orlando, Dauphin of France">Charles Orlando</a></li> <li>Charles</li> <li>François</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_III,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis III, Duke of Brittany">François</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg/75px-Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg/113px-Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg/150px-Arms_of_the_capetian_dauphins_du_Viennois.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="478" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Grand_Dauphin" title="Louis, Grand Dauphin">Louis, <i>Le Grand Dauphin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Louis, Duke of Burgundy">Louis, <i>Le Petit Dauphin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Brittany_(1707%E2%80%931712)" title="Louis, Duke of Brittany (1707–1712)">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Dauphin_of_France_(1729%E2%80%931765)" title="Louis, Dauphin of France (1729–1765)">Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Dauphin_of_France" title="Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France">Louis Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis XVII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Louis XIX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132545#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132545#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132545#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000395001884">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/289634335">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/348159474192927661942">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/121752483">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/82630/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjGHPhjJT3Tv9KYcVbwqKm">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118548166">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81135003">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12066759q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12066759q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Henri II <re di Francia>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/BVEV022109">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000700814&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX915898">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070548498">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/6094216">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/mkz12s953slfm6t">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810537396705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/94024">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262401605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058620090706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500277680">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/491422">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sammlung.staedelmuseum.de/en/person/heinrich-ii-koenig-von-frankreich">Städel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118548166.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118548166">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086001736">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/41011685">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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[\"It col\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Monarchs of France\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 3,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 3,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-hou\"] = 1,\n [\"S-non\"] = 1,\n [\"S-reg\"] = 2,\n [\"S-roy\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 4,\n [\"S-vac\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 44,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-67tlc","timestamp":"20241122141324","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Henry II of France","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_II_of_France","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q132545","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q132545","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to 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