CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '918e55e1beaf87f3',cH: '.XTOeJGFNVgImwyn5k40TGnNvC8TGMqBl.gVJD8iKb4-1740723906-1.2.1.1-9Rz07I5lu5m3H5WAIOp6ZlF4TuHXDI5a0gM5ZWeOxwqTjLx3VWvhEj1WM6zQeeGT',cUPMDTk: "\/13013\/iso690?__cf_chl_tk=uDANuLZWbf59LndQI0VJNyvhlgpbndJ8tl.IL6sjDwc-1740723906-1.0.1.1-nI3qhGnw9Psf1lpF3VhRHCnH5TR4S3sMSxO.dC5cO2A",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740723906',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/13013\/iso690?__cf_chl_f_tk=uDANuLZWbf59LndQI0VJNyvhlgpbndJ8tl.IL6sjDwc-1740723906-1.0.1.1-nI3qhGnw9Psf1lpF3VhRHCnH5TR4S3sMSxO.dC5cO2A",md: "px0gIckrnI8enWeepPXJVYvlgYbLtwixCEf.V.5LUyE-1740723906-1.2.1.1-Q0YQdU56lRjO9vPHgPkkqPBd9zuAx1Wfj.sHjIFwfSEGpNVt4FuIyQlhJMGLQ_IaKdq0MCpSVsL_LgHS9.Bd6uy.OAeR685W5k4DZmoEamlHboMznfczzyxC5CS8Srk96oQJ47wpZlgMhhXZ1W9lTWoZT.MBQRhIG9CD9u4gC2HZpKkE3Ksm_2KkJC9AxnRBG21ECU3zBWOoHvZfm7idmxTwUKk11b2bs33sFzipIHRAUzO6wCtwuKLvm3bvGxtTY21c0AtNifaqEZSmWTNZlmRZ9q.yslMMA0rYOmtiF4mKnUFndk8nc4FY2.pRQcIen8EhmGs_a288g2yRvsHnabynPGYhwgOVblrLQTzzrOVZEj3YViofwAJQIn9qIW5Q7mlQjnQyp99qnMMMNQW1PbdUZ5eYkqqahUm096NxCr9dsADIsQcDG5gz3Li8CSvKM9QNFLGopdeDHi.9iNduzorgHHcLWjWTL_0G7D7Y8W0fABYDYe4vN8WXOwLAHJQY2VqMDVcTz0CLfZBZHm8Cxo2ZUxbhcZFI.KtFWD6oJrHKY6aQRSD0dKFvuWg3hrp2Br3c4jnV1etIJD137q.7GULw4niM511kgCbbe4H5Z_qvV5cAyvXkruGlnco.Uc66g3vcvC4n.OTC0opVPa6MBvNhbCVhzMhJYto4VCddfU.lj3xCqQD0vnofmfzzM6PZwqt2ykxoX0K4p7wkXS.ghsR3eQLRv16FjId_8DncSvy0_xOCHIpWI2RfEw2.kaX3vn7Rr3GsWFpkYVwAA942_uvvIce3R_yVRBjGc0Yz9l9vcC4f_ZbogLrMQdnz9CnmZXHf76ql9iOMts6yU_WixwUXwQrmtPiaNcFnNIqAhuLE7FopHkmDochtg2xG.ospdrQDWiRw.JHzGVEh0SwpGCJeFvS8Xa.ypM.PIXdxC4nyot_7lmFYyKJgCiuPOLghARHoE9Z6AVra7vS9siujHD7rdiJxNZq7b0MtjZ7Wk2NQlrCFjptiwh7XGkIRQ0DURRMNROFIPqmT93xnsj6qutLwvC0IBkw9rhGUcQfjSPRscl8mSs.UqwjuxP0KbKjhwGacuEpXTBAV2EgufHMTqxz0OdEtVc2hezqK2GmD9GjhZMQ9OMie8EvfmNRqw8k.gA6n9V1DwTWjl4sO9VSgX6yjxXu28ndocSFGDqnUXTwWXgiDFnAqzU56iMyKM3J_lBowN0hFK_biGzJ2exabZyU6XNAljJFlYI3QFIhY.sMjinPWXxd2XXTscOZHyFvSOQv_3iEGh0NJCEWptizwqAR_kIWAndBmgPZmYL_fluvSJUZCtLyPt.F8fP30raXGmLfvVwid0dR83iwtfOfWkhuxZxs6AT3rFSBEPfwPYL07Y.B7pY93wIYK06Jvu59P_isp3DCcNOa5jjcC7xcVrn.iaRrI3X9rz42ink82lefbz9R6DAWg2M8XtyRZ6IVE0Kr.JvU8Z4V449F3ojwqnckFvw6CvElb5UagR0y1XTBTw7B_tP60jRHBohMgn.B2eqx1hwPhZF6KlpmEnraN35SOHePQduReZl46WqMUWBUSIB9RprFpDtm5FVnLp1PYdMlAfYJ3kBj3Fk1xVe_VD2ZsfZ9R__fa9DUtvZDy6gpJIp0l_GDa5jJyVxSi0Sm9wOLXUXGOI7LD8xQaVChjSvj9gU.pM7LrQGeKVn3TiWH3azXZWpoxtPApZZsCW9iDb8JbPgxbJvG2qsx64wH1XCFiHN_KezJx6r9J9KsJuEAPyyG_3XzY.G_c_M1RWNoFrE8wuNR31jOXAsmrnkd.v2OW4kCTvHqos_caXavafQtJX9jEPr3NwI8MtLGGAUgIP9DEoVQSCigUVzPkGgfNWXiQxsr8l3G3X99T6Yb6tDZkAa3yPNzexi0i_dYVx7rr_URUmNC8iZ7xd0AvQ3ZvoYxMJNdfgU51pwuFB4wauTuiIREwV.St7csIikB_mrtkdiniyz4prdoNMqIoAS4_cmcpRElhi4Gk.f5SLUyeruPYXMntG7VQgKEHUksM3n3cpkiB6IkUb.LHQbutp280.zkKdfc5Ki.j7s7QKY9nbNHQj4hu02u6MnLdeNW4JfjoXoAzMsEpK0kH95ARmff6CyWIwCUyJGIVinAVcawVNeWnx3VcBwtwpkqhw3AZx_6v8CFeGxVzOcMiQGyUEPOD..D8IW78fzw3NKtJkNUcpXbAJ0n5uBeeUGHfCQsLVqFPeMXfKzqIPa6GtdSsPdIdxNXV58gDowMgFXilgr6oblIF8HFfmv8ZoV7rHrRiDU6wSjCoFOFSXNz5l92cpIGse8nbMVFtX84.odsDJyqBWnPv2u7fbOsxzvcG6jSDH0tjYT2r_eH3D16HzK3_AryXNlzYC6crtdME_cLm03_cjG.5rrHowUTtzHI0HPPc3CsxZKXV4j87sQqI0.nI7vdO5_sWKrBNbavTLCsXbnzEFWTkeeCkQLjiKA4dFWqLwCcIrWRHHKW6uPCI8S1N0xURaw",mdrd: "TcTmWqDqz0Cmi0nRd9Zf6X2y4YgBVPqsnzMg6IGwKyU-1740723906-1.2.1.1-KvqCmW57tslI5N290l383eyrdgc.x_yp6a1ltzuHrcrCAp88ika0vu_voL4rT31Om.PdJcYwdYvY9cWVjVf6eGA60hYD24mHl.zp9yT7oXA_pO.fMIUumBcsEjHhMokOJWSnAGevhNZLJsiuwkvEt7r94y399w0ed_LqB7oLw1jvm.oX7VlcEolJmlh3wBOSzz4mw70YYtYwiQYYKYnuf0.k6286X2p2A6mt1v.NP4Tp7_0I3lcB1YVQb2gLGNcZrSiSl8byTpN5lqK0wGBjkwAMiaUH4j.wLGwTtUmxv_mCfaLpFIl3O_.Ic1LGsKypLpMVEPxIk4KQN8JQ6gxUFRxWqMnp9AXiWHvNTJi80yYGX5AWKvuipVXhYsl.cEC9gjdjc3Nhf4gwaY3QXIg9ByWrl4pLhgtC2nGsKSmInwJu4ywTgxMFxc7MmyeVnCsStlkwUgIrEH8JkhjQcjlw8rS8p.EV53tBNLIcjBLgv0OnfwPHrEneeLpNaXC2tcsTD50ADS7LLYXvEgVijT.9hVOMX_gKj02TpnNN5V3OThCBAyUAbA3aIH_nauB36iH5T21mu9U5MSk5z3FkBbJmdV83TVyuUVAh5R9V1tBEhpsBZUA642H56W93U6XAPJvkA2Nf7jqVjqoibaTOJGhmkDJHmXf9KGrCnpQ_tZmdmjxsrxxDIkcBimCaLS0IZzZTuvpoy1I1JWzpSh7mw4sAZNtjdTJAI3d8yw7HX9WtbW1WekXoWNxzhbgIkDOB_4nfWpY8OEqH.0bGl6IuB0cgwOGtj1MTYk91JZcSIXeF6zwtH76xhyVyOfwqLWHUCHxmdNdlFSK0gtXcV9.2pAePlAhyhksEdSq9RqE3rn_Svf6ieAjoDfyu39Mm8kqhUF.GgzORmOEt.27mBgPSd0pQdICsPlHoCOq_vP2L2UTDY2dUKC6n.Cl4uDvZ7IitaAj2TQCpPUsy6j1mBJU3pkDJArv2cc24OYTyVEzirJNwQfK0qTovWrdXNlHg2cSmJfsIEkV9vVA7OEOtN9VRuzQcoWhF1l9P9PfOkvo5_y6v9tOsKhAubuy4IAZ9Lt3PwB6WzHz2HP9DheC2pvG7v7HeOokQRoQ7z1ZZzr301pAbiUQ6IFXkZzf.fmgJNMLvOwPE7uoARhkBmonvj6MO0RuCHCmTD8M0ogYVeWg2Y0oH7bKBCtsE6L5rZOEfEcH7Gab86WkFWAnKSqZVdva_iK3mL0lUHlFaElzahdA5aCc_TsiHWb54pmNtxnOPfKao8Qjgi4wcxV18mbgGWe9_EwOeYctkYr2mOQmWvJ2n_oZj_4Q_eVIHiLQfARi3r6oFtg1hOixtJw.ejU0LaEEm7XNh3ipAMbwyBWPoF2N3Jorj_BDm03S3Csllg5kXyVUgK8SU8Z62Q3V0GPg3z0rpxyg_Sm0i6YK8xKSgjFM.InJ.wZIyXXILaf20sB58SXMAh45ne8mZAqlvQtSDClTCjZ60PMCZbBsezomQVUcbGFb0DMH0xfD6YOnYVH9Wi7Pacsc5O_TiyOa1zFzl31Tc0RfEfEBqK2eli7JHW4mLrkiM6unNZXHVDn3Xgc0f56Lk20FXkmrPVj3YAUcwNDCqne6mR5oWHmh.MyN_8F3YqN8aIhlnuesOmioclffKeZ_NnBbhhivNXLnR0k8p02nEMi4DEYKTc.4sZgOyMuXfVWjkkwSkfVhee_ZAQIxO1tCXfsqeGBh1K0jQMIPyVUzQQ5.ojRoQ7XK42iLtZ2xMGd2lChjCsCVwp.QM.zxcEpmNm8LTazBceenzeZ1hA27PAQHq_wsUGuH11ycAHUJhh1BRkXDRPxrFsZraeXG6ZBR11M2KutfHNFvpX3pWpL4EAuhP8PTVfGJV9vzR3LR9weWIgvMJGO2YVDJWkEFVwNatgzQSxBXyBcYPIP3OVwOjhnxAvkWuKjnaVcQ9tOJW5BToIfDecdmhbV74A8oXvX.CFZX8"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=918e55e1beaf87f3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/13013\/iso690?__cf_chl_rt_tk=uDANuLZWbf59LndQI0VJNyvhlgpbndJ8tl.IL6sjDwc-1740723906-1.0.1.1-nI3qhGnw9Psf1lpF3VhRHCnH5TR4S3sMSxO.dC5cO2A" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>