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underwater table</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: loose sands underwater table"> <meta name="keywords" content="loose sands underwater table"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="loose sands underwater table"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 910</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: loose sands underwater table</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">910</span> Case Study; Drilled Shafts Installation in Difficult Site Conditions; Loose Sand and High Water Table</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20El%20Hachem">Anthony El Hachem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosam%20Salman"> Hosam Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selecting the most effective construction method for drilled shafts under the high phreatic surface can be a challenging task that requires effective communication between the design and construction teams. Slurry placement, temporary casing, and permanent casing are the three most commonly used installation techniques to ensure the stability of the drilled hole before casting the concrete. Each one of these methods has its implications on the installation and performance of the drilled piers. Drilled shafts were designed to support a fire wall for an Energy project in Central Texas. The subsurface consisted of interlayers of sands and clays of varying shear strengths. The design recommended that the shafts be installed with temporary casing or slurry displacement due to the anticipated groundwater seepage through granular soils. During the foundation construction, it was very difficult to maintain the stability of the hole, and the contractor requested to install the shafts using permanent casings. Therefore, the foundation design was modified to ensure that the cased shafts achieve the required load capacity. Effective and continuous communications between the owner, contractor and design team during field shaft installations to mitigate the unforeseen challenges helped the team to successfully complete the project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20challenges" title="construction challenges">construction challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20foundations" title=" deep foundations"> deep foundations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilled%20shafts" title=" drilled shafts"> drilled shafts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loose%20sands%20underwater%20table" title=" loose sands underwater table"> loose sands underwater table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20casing" title=" permanent casing"> permanent casing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143625/case-study-drilled-shafts-installation-in-difficult-site-conditions-loose-sand-and-high-water-table" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">909</span> Effect of Low Plastic Clay Quantity on Behavioral Characteristics of Loose Sand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roza%20Rahbari">Roza Rahbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After the Nigatta earthquake in Japan, in 1960, the liquefaction and its related hazards, moved to the thick of matter. Most of the research have been carried out on clean sands and silty sands so far, in order to study the effect of fine particles, confinement pressures, density and so on. However, because of this delusion that adhesiveness of clay prevents the liquefaction in sand, studies on clayey sands have not been taken seriously. However, several liquefactions happened in clayey sands in recent years, and lead to the necessity of more studies in this field. The studies which were carried out so far focused on high plastic clays. In this paper, the effect of low plasticity clays on the behavioral characteristics of sands is discussed. Thus, some triaxial tests were carried out on clean sands and clayey sands with different percentages of added clay. Specimens were compacted in various densities to study the effect of quantity of clay on various densities, too. Based on the findings, the amount of clay affects the behavior of sand greatly and leads to substantial changes in peak bearing capacity and steady state values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquefaction" title="liquefaction">liquefaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triaxial" title=" triaxial"> triaxial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monotonic" title=" monotonic"> monotonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure" title=" failure"> failure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39528/effect-of-low-plastic-clay-quantity-on-behavioral-characteristics-of-loose-sand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">908</span> Underwater Image Enhancement and Reconstruction Using CNN and the MultiUNet Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snehal%20G.%20Teli">Snehal G. Teli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20J.%20Shelke"> R. J. Shelke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CNN and MultiUNet models are the framework for the proposed method for enhancing and reconstructing underwater images. Multiscale merging of features and regeneration are both performed by the MultiUNet. CNN collects relevant features. Extensive tests on benchmark datasets show that the proposed strategy performs better than the latest methods. As a result of this work, underwater images can be represented and interpreted in a number of underwater applications with greater clarity. This strategy will advance underwater exploration and marine research by enhancing real-time underwater image processing systems, underwater robotic vision, and underwater surveillance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20network" title="convolutional neural network">convolutional neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20enhancement" title=" image enhancement"> image enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiunet" title=" multiunet"> multiunet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20images" title=" underwater images"> underwater images</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170260/underwater-image-enhancement-and-reconstruction-using-cnn-and-the-multiunet-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">907</span> Robust Stabilization of Rotational Motion of Underwater Robots against Parameter Uncertainties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riku%20Hayashida">Riku Hayashida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto"> Tomoaki Hashimoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides a robust stabilization method for rotational motion of underwater robots against parameter uncertainties. Underwater robots are expected to be used for various work assignments. The large variety of applications of underwater robots motivates researchers to develop control systems and technologies for underwater robots. Several control methods have been proposed so far for the stabilization of nominal system model of underwater robots with no parameter uncertainty. Parameter uncertainties are considered to be obstacles in implementation of the such nominal control methods for underwater robots. The objective of this study is to establish a robust stabilization method for rotational motion of underwater robots against parameter uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20control" title="robust control">robust control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization%20method" title=" stabilization method"> stabilization method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20robot" title=" underwater robot"> underwater robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameter%20uncertainty" title=" parameter uncertainty"> parameter uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119269/robust-stabilization-of-rotational-motion-of-underwater-robots-against-parameter-uncertainties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">906</span> Modeling and Simulation of Underwater Flexible Manipulator as Raleigh Beam Using Bond Graph</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumit%20Kumar">Sumit Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Kumar"> Sunil Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandan%20Deep%20Singh"> Chandan Deep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents modeling and simulation of flexible robot in an underwater environment. The underwater environment completely contrasts with ground or space environment. The robot in an underwater situation is subjected to various dynamic forces like buoyancy forces, hydrostatic and hydrodynamic forces. The underwater robot is modeled as Rayleigh beam. The developed model further allows estimating the deflection of tip in two directions. The complete dynamics of the underwater robot is analyzed, which is the main focus of this investigation. The control of robot trajectory is not discussed in this paper. Simulation is performed using Symbol Shakti software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20graph%20modeling" title="bond graph modeling">bond graph modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamics.%20modeling" title=" dynamics. modeling"> dynamics. modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rayleigh%20beam" title=" rayleigh beam"> rayleigh beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20robot" title=" underwater robot"> underwater robot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33594/modeling-and-simulation-of-underwater-flexible-manipulator-as-raleigh-beam-using-bond-graph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">587</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">905</span> Collapse Surface Definition of Clayey Sands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Naeemifar">Omid Naeemifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Naeimifar"> Ibrahim Naeimifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roza%20Rahbari"> Roza Rahbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been shown that a certain collapse surface may be defined for loose sands in the three dimensional space in which the sample sand experiences collapse and instability leading to an unsteady and strain-softening behaviour. The unsteady state due to collapse surface may lead to such phenomena in the sand as liquefaction and flow behaviour during undrained loading. Investigating the existence of the collapse surface in Firoozkooh 161 sand and its different clay mixtures with various plasticities, the present study aims to carry out an in-depth investigation of the effects of clay percent and its plasticity on the clayey sand behaviours. The results obtained indicate that collapse surface characteristics largely depend on fine percent and its plasticity. Interesting findings are also reported in this paper on the effects of fine sand percent and its plasticity on the behavioural characteristics and liquefaction potential of clayey sands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20state" title="critical state">critical state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collapse%20surface" title=" collapse surface"> collapse surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquefaction" title=" liquefaction"> liquefaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clayey%20sand" title=" clayey sand"> clayey sand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38207/collapse-surface-definition-of-clayey-sands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">904</span> A Secure Routing Algorithm for ‎Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mahdi%20Jameii">Seyed Mahdi Jameii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Underwater wireless sensor networks have been attracting the interest of many ‎researchers lately, and the past three decades have beheld the rapid progress of ‎underwater acoustic communication. One of the major problems in underwater wireless ‎sensor networks is how to transfer data from the moving node to the base stations and ‎choose the optimized route for data transmission. Secure routing in underwater ‎wireless sensor network (UWCNs) is necessary for packet delivery. Some routing ‎protocols are proposed for underwater wireless sensor networks. However, a few ‎researches have been done on secure routing in underwater sensor networks. In this ‎article, a secure routing protocol is provided to resist against wormhole and sybil ‎attacks. The results indicated acceptable performance in terms of increasing the packet ‎delivery ratio with regards to the attacks, increasing network lifetime by creating ‎balance in the network energy consumption, high detection rates against the attacks, ‎and low-end to end delay.‎ <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attacks" title="attacks">attacks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" underwater wireless sensor networks"> underwater wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70929/a-secure-routing-algorithm-for-underwater-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">903</span> Performance Evaluation of a Wireless 433 MHz Link in Underwater-Freshwater Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xavi%20Vilajosana%20Guillen">Xavi Vilajosana Guillen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilio%20Jos%C3%A9%20P%C3%A9rez%20Salgado"> Emilio José Pérez Salgado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This document presents experimental results obtained in a realistic environment using an underwater LoRa link. It aims to analyze the behavior of electromagnetic waves underwater and determine this communication capability. With this it has been tried to empirically evaluate the results obtained in the mathematical model using a commercial device with low cost and low consumption that works at frequency 433Mhz. The mathematical results obtained for wireless communication at 433Mhz underwater indicate that a communication of up to 7.5 m is possible, however experimentally 8 m has been achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=433Mhz%20link" title="433Mhz link">433Mhz link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LoRa%20link" title=" LoRa link"> LoRa link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20communication" title=" underwater communication"> underwater communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150673/performance-evaluation-of-a-wireless-433-mhz-link-in-underwater-freshwater-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">902</span> A Comparison between Underwater Image Enhancement Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouafa%20Benaida">Ouafa Benaida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Loukil"> Abdelhamid Loukil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adda%20Ali%20Pacha"> Adda Ali Pacha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the growing interest of scientists in the field of image processing and analysis of underwater images and videos has been strengthened following the emergence of new underwater exploration techniques, such as the emergence of autonomous underwater vehicles and the use of underwater image sensors facilitating the exploration of underwater mineral resources as well as the search for new species of aquatic life by biologists. Indeed, underwater images and videos have several defects and must be preprocessed before their analysis. Underwater landscapes are usually darkened due to the interaction of light with the marine environment: light is absorbed as it travels through deep waters depending on its wavelength. Additionally, light does not follow a linear direction but is scattered due to its interaction with microparticles in water, resulting in low contrast, low brightness, color distortion, and restricted visibility. The improvement of the underwater image is, therefore, more than necessary in order to facilitate its analysis. The research presented in this paper aims to implement and evaluate a set of classical techniques used in the field of improving the quality of underwater images in several color representation spaces. These methods have the particularity of being simple to implement and do not require prior knowledge of the physical model at the origin of the degradation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20image%20enhancement" title="underwater image enhancement">underwater image enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histogram%20normalization" title=" histogram normalization"> histogram normalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histogram%20equalization" title=" histogram equalization"> histogram equalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20limited%20adaptive%20histogram%20equalization" title=" contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization"> contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-scale%20retinex" title=" single-scale retinex"> single-scale retinex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163524/a-comparison-between-underwater-image-enhancement-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">901</span> Uncovering Underwater Communication for Multi-Robot Applications via CORSICA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niels%20Grataloup">Niels Grataloup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micael%20S.%20Couceiro"> Micael S. Couceiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manousos%20Valyrakis"> Manousos Valyrakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javier%20Escudero"> Javier Escudero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20A.%20Vargas"> Patricia A. Vargas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper benchmarks the possible underwater communication technologies that can be integrated into a swarm of underwater robots by proposing an underwater robot simulator named CORSICA (Cross platfORm wireleSs communICation simulator). Underwater exploration relies increasingly on the use of mobile robots, called Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). These robots are able to reach goals in harsh underwater environments without resorting to human divers. The introduction of swarm robotics in these scenarios would facilitate the accomplishment of complex tasks with lower costs. However, swarm robotics requires implementation of communication systems to be operational and have a non-deterministic behaviour. Inter-robot communication is one of the key challenges in swarm robotics, especially in underwater scenarios, as communication must cope with severe restrictions and perturbations. This paper starts by presenting a list of the underwater propagation models of acoustic and electromagnetic waves, it also reviews existing transmitters embedded in current robots and simulators. It then proposes CORSICA, which allows validating the choices in terms of protocol and communication strategies, whether they are robot-robot or human-robot interactions. This paper finishes with a presentation of possible integration according to the literature review, and the potential to get CORSICA at an industrial level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20simulator" title="underwater simulator">underwater simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot-robot%20underwater%20communication" title=" robot-robot underwater communication"> robot-robot underwater communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swarm%20robotics" title=" swarm robotics"> swarm robotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transceiver%20and%20communication%20models" title=" transceiver and communication models"> transceiver and communication models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43591/uncovering-underwater-communication-for-multi-robot-applications-via-corsica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">900</span> Load-Settlement Behaviour of Geogrid-Reinforced Sand Bed over Granular Piles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sateesh%20Kumar%20Pisini">Sateesh Kumar Pisini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Priya%20Darshini%20Thammadi"> Swetha Priya Darshini Thammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar%20Shukla"> Sanjay Kumar Shukla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Granular piles are a popular ground improvement technique in soft cohesive soils as well as for loose non-cohesive soils. The present experimental study has been carried out on granular piles in loose (Relative density = 30%) and medium dense (Relative density = 60%) sands with geogrid reinforcement within the sand bed over the granular piles. A group of five piles were installed in the sand at different spacing, s = 2d, 3d and 4d, d being the diameter of the pile. The length (L = 0.4 m) and diameter (d = 50 mm) of the piles were kept constant for all the series of experiments. The load-settlement behavior of reinforced sand bed and granular piles system was studied by applying the load on a square footing. The results show that the effect of reinforcement increases the load bearing capacity of the piles. It is also found that an increase in spacing between piles decreases the settlement for both loose and medium dense soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20pile" title="granular pile">granular pile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load-carrying%20capacity" title=" load-carrying capacity"> load-carrying capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geogrid%20reinforcement" title=" geogrid reinforcement"> geogrid reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95179/load-settlement-behaviour-of-geogrid-reinforced-sand-bed-over-granular-piles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">899</span> Comparing the Durability of Saudi Silica Sands for Use in Foundry Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Alsagour">Mahdi Alsagour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Ramrattan"> Sam Ramrattan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper was developed to investigate two types of sands from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) for potential use in the global metal casting industry. Four types of sands were selected for study, two of the sand systems investigated are natural sands from the KSA. The third sand sample is a heat processed synthetic sand and the last sample is commercially available US silica sand that is used as a control in the study. The purpose of this study is to define the durability of the four sand systems selected for foundry usage. Additionally, chemical analysis of the sand systems is presented before and after elevated temperature exposure. Results show that Saudi silica sands are durable and can be used in foundry processing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20molding%20media" title="alternative molding media">alternative molding media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foundry%20sand" title=" foundry sand"> foundry sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reclamation" title=" reclamation"> reclamation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20sand" title=" silica sand"> silica sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specialty%20sand" title=" specialty sand"> specialty sand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109687/comparing-the-durability-of-saudi-silica-sands-for-use-in-foundry-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">898</span> A Comparison of Double Sided Friction Stir Welding in Air and Underwater for 6mm S275 Steel Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Baillie">Philip Baillie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stuart%20W.%20Campbell"> Stuart W. Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20M.%20Galloway"> Alexander M. Galloway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20R.%20Cater"> Stephen R. Cater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norman%20A.%20McPherson"> Norman A. McPherson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study compared the mechanical and microstructural properties produced during friction stir welding(FSW) of S275 structural steel in air and underwater. Post weld tests assessed the tensile strength, micro-hardness, distortion, Charpy impact toughness and fatigue performance in each case. The study showed that there was no significant difference in the strength, hardness or fatigue life of the air and underwater specimens. However, Charpy impact toughness was shown to decrease for the underwater specimens and was attributed to a lower degree of recrystallization caused by the higher rate of heat loss experienced when welding underwater. Reduced angular and longitudinal distortion was observed in the underwater welded plate compared to the plate welded in air. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charpy%20impact%20toughness" title="Charpy impact toughness">Charpy impact toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distortion" title=" distortion"> distortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding%28FSW%29" title=" friction stir welding(FSW)"> friction stir welding(FSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-hardness" title=" micro-hardness"> micro-hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater" title=" underwater"> underwater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7606/a-comparison-of-double-sided-friction-stir-welding-in-air-and-underwater-for-6mm-s275-steel-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">897</span> 4D Modelling of Low Visibility Underwater Archaeological Excavations Using Multi-Source Photogrammetry in the Bulgarian Black Sea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20Pacheco-Ruiz">Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Adams"> Jonathan Adams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Pedrotti"> Felix Pedrotti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces the applicability of underwater photogrammetric survey within challenging conditions as the main tool to enhance and enrich the process of documenting archaeological excavation through the creation of 4D models. Photogrammetry was being attempted on underwater archaeological sites at least as early as the 1970s’ and today the production of traditional 3D models is becoming a common practice within the discipline. Photogrammetry underwater is more often implemented to record exposed underwater archaeological remains and less so as a dynamic interpretative tool.  Therefore, it tends to be applied in bright environments and when underwater visibility is > 1m, reducing its implementation on most submerged archaeological sites in more turbid conditions. Recent years have seen significant development of better digital photographic sensors and the improvement of optical technology, ideal for darker environments. Such developments, in tandem with powerful processing computing systems, have allowed underwater photogrammetry to be used by this research as a standard recording and interpretative tool. Using multi-source photogrammetry (5, GoPro5 Hero Black cameras) this paper presents the accumulation of daily (4D) underwater surveys carried out in the Early Bronze Age (3,300 BC) to Late Ottoman (17th Century AD) archaeological site of Ropotamo in the Bulgarian Black Sea under challenging conditions (< 0.5m visibility). It proves that underwater photogrammetry can and should be used as one of the main recording methods even in low light and poor underwater conditions as a way to better understand the complexity of the underwater archaeological record. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4D%20modelling" title="4D modelling">4D modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Black%20Sea%20Maritime%20Archaeology%20Project" title=" Black Sea Maritime Archaeology Project"> Black Sea Maritime Archaeology Project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-source%20photogrammetry" title=" multi-source photogrammetry"> multi-source photogrammetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20visibility%20underwater%20survey" title=" low visibility underwater survey"> low visibility underwater survey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77593/4d-modelling-of-low-visibility-underwater-archaeological-excavations-using-multi-source-photogrammetry-in-the-bulgarian-black-sea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">896</span> The Effect of the Water and Fines Content on Shear Strength of Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouledja%20Abdessalam">Ouledja Abdessalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work Contains an experimental study of the behavior of Chlef sand under the effect of various parameters influencing on shear strength. Because of their distinct nature, sands, silts, and clays exhibit completely different behavior (shear strength, the Contracting and dilatancy, the angle of internal friction and cohesion...). By cons when these materials are mixed, their behavior will become different from each considered alone. The behavior of these mixtures (silty sands...) is currently the state of several studies to better use. We have studied in this work: The influence of the following factors on the shear strength: The density (loose and dense), the fines content (silt), The water content. The apparatus used for the tests is the casagrande shear box. This device, although one may have some disadvantages and modern instrumentation is appropriately used to study the shear strength of soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title="shear strength">shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silt" title=" silt"> silt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractancy" title=" contractancy"> contractancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilatancy" title=" dilatancy"> dilatancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24378/the-effect-of-the-water-and-fines-content-on-shear-strength-of-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">895</span> The Effect of Water and Fines Content on Shear Strength of Silty Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dellal%20Seyyid%20Ali">Dellal Seyyid Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work Contains an experimental study of the behavior of Chlef sand under effect of various parameters influencing on shear strength. Because of their distinct nature, sands, silts and clays exhibit completely different behavior (shear strength, the Contracting and dilatancy, the angle of internal friction and cohesion ...). By cons when these materials are mixed, their behavior will become different from each considered alone. The behavior of these mixtures (silty sands ...) is currently the state of several studies to better use. We have studied in this work: The influence of the following factors on the shear strength: The density (loose and dense), the fines content (silt), the water content. The apparatus used for the tests is the casagrande shear box. This device, although one may have some disadvantages and modern instrumentation is appropriate used to study the shear strength of soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title="shear strength">shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silt" title=" silt"> silt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractanct" title=" contractanct"> contractanct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilatancy" title=" dilatancy"> dilatancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39451/the-effect-of-water-and-fines-content-on-shear-strength-of-silty-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">894</span> Inhibiting Effects of Zwitterionic Surfactant on the Erosion-Corrosion of API X52 Steel in Oil Sands Slurry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Deyab">M. A. Deyab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of zwitterionic surfactant (ZS) on erosion-corrosion of API X52 steel in oil sands slurry was studied using Tafel polarization and anodic polarization measurements. The surface morphology of API X52 steel was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). ZS inhibited the erosion-corrosion of API X52 steel in oil sands' slurry, and the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing ZS concentration but decreased with increasing temperature. Polarization curves indicate that ZS act as a mixed type of inhibitor. Inhibition efficiencies of ZS in the dynamic condition are not as effective as that obtained in the static condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20sands%20slurry" title=" oil sands slurry"> oil sands slurry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion-corrosion" title=" erosion-corrosion"> erosion-corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83418/inhibiting-effects-of-zwitterionic-surfactant-on-the-erosion-corrosion-of-api-x52-steel-in-oil-sands-slurry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">893</span> A Study for Turkish Underwater Sports Federation Athletes: Evaluation of the Street Foods Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Su%20Tezel">Su Tezel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper deals with licensed athletes affiliated with the Turkish Underwater Sports Federation to assess the consumption status of street food. The aim of the paper is the frequency of training during competition preparatory training or season periods, the athletes' economic situation, social life, work-life or education situations are the directs them to street food? Also to evaluate the importance that athletes attach to their nutritional status. Data were collected with survey method. 141 underwater sports athletes participated in the survey. Empirical findings on 141 respondents are related to athletes' demographic information, which underwater sports branch they doing (underwater hockey, underwater rugby and free diving), with whom they live, training hours and frequency, street food consumption frequency and preferences, which type drinks they prefer drink with or without street foods and other similar things. Most of the athletes were male (64.5%), female (35.5%) and the most athletes from the sports branches included in the survey belong to underwater hockey (95.7%). 93.7% of athletes have a training time between 08:00 pm to 00:00 am and the frequency of consuming street food after training is 88%. As a remarkable result, 48% of the reasons for consuming street food easy access to street foods after training. Statistical analyzes were made with the data obtained and the status of street food consumption of athletes, whether they were suitable for professional athlete nutrition and their attitudes were evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title="nutrition">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20foods" title=" street foods"> street foods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20hockey" title=" underwater hockey"> underwater hockey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20sport" title=" underwater sport"> underwater sport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121123/a-study-for-turkish-underwater-sports-federation-athletes-evaluation-of-the-street-foods-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">892</span> Effects of X and + Tail-Body Configurations on Hydrodynamic Performance and Stability of an Underwater Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadri%20Ko%C3%A7er">Kadri Koçer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sezer%20Kefeli"> Sezer Kefeli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a comparison of hydrodynamic performance and stability characteristic for an underwater vehicle which has two type of tail design, namely X and +tail-body configurations. The effects of these configurations on the underwater vehicle’s hydrodynamic performance and maneuvering characteristic will be investigated comprehensively. Hydrodynamic damping coefficients for modeling the motion of the underwater vehicles will be predicted. Additionally, forces and moments due to control surfaces will be compared using computational fluid dynamics methods. In the aviation, the X tail-body configuration is widely used for high maneuverability requirements. However, in the underwater, the + tail-body configuration is more commonly used than the X tail-body configuration for its stability characteristics. Thus it is important to see the effect and differences of the tail designs in the underwater world. For CFD analysis, the incompressible, three-dimensional, and steady Navier-Stokes equations will be used to simulate the flows. Also, k-ε Realizable turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment will be taken. Numerical results is verified with experimental results for verification. The overall goal of this study is to present the advantages and disadvantages of hydrodynamic performance and stability characteristic for X and + tail-body configurations of the underwater vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maneuverability" title="maneuverability">maneuverability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tail%20configuration" title=" tail configuration"> tail configuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamic%20design" title=" hydrodynamic design"> hydrodynamic design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144684/effects-of-x-and-tail-body-configurations-on-hydrodynamic-performance-and-stability-of-an-underwater-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">891</span> Guidance and Control of a Torpedo Autonomous Underwater Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheil%20Arash%20Moghadam">Soheil Arash Moghadam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdol%20R.%20Kashani%20Nia"> Abdol R. Kashani Nia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akrami%20Zade"> Ali Akrami Zade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering numerous applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles in various industries, there has been plenty of researches and studies on the motion control of such vehicles. One of the useful aspects for studying is the guidance of these vehicles. In this paper, while presenting motion equations with six degrees of freedom for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles, Proportional Navigation Guidance Law and the first order sliding mode control for TAIPAN AUV was used to address its guidance for the purpose of collision with a moving target. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Autonomous%20Underwater%20Vehicle%20%28AUV%29" title="Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)">Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degree%20of%20freedom%20%28DOF%29" title=" degree of freedom (DOF)"> degree of freedom (DOF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamic" title=" hydrodynamic"> hydrodynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20of%20sight%28LOS%29" title=" line of sight(LOS)"> line of sight(LOS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional%20navigation%20guidance%28PNG%29" title=" proportional navigation guidance(PNG)"> proportional navigation guidance(PNG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control%28SMC%29" title=" sliding mode control(SMC) "> sliding mode control(SMC) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17056/guidance-and-control-of-a-torpedo-autonomous-underwater-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">890</span> Estimation and Restoration of Ill-Posed Parameters for Underwater Motion Blurred Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Vimal%20Raj">M. Vimal Raj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sakthivel%20Murugan"> S. Sakthivel Murugan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Underwater images degrade their quality due to atmospheric conditions. One of the major problems in an underwater image is motion blur caused by the imaging device or the movement of the object. In order to rectify that in post-imaging, parameters of the blurred image are to be estimated. So, the point spread function is estimated by the properties, using the spectrum of the image. To improve the estimation accuracy of the parameters, Optimized Polynomial Lagrange Interpolation (OPLI) method is implemented after the angle and length measurement of motion-blurred images. Initially, the data were collected from real-time environments in Chennai and processed. The proposed OPLI method shows better accuracy than the existing classical Cepstral, Hough, and Radon transform estimation methods for underwater images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20restoration" title="image restoration">image restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20blur" title=" motion blur"> motion blur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameter%20estimation" title=" parameter estimation"> parameter estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radon%20transform" title=" radon transform"> radon transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater" title=" underwater"> underwater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142445/estimation-and-restoration-of-ill-posed-parameters-for-underwater-motion-blurred-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">889</span> Image Distortion Correction Method of 2-MHz Side Scan Sonar for Underwater Structure Inspection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngseok%20Kim">Youngseok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Park"> Chul Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonghwa%20Yi"> Jonghwa Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangsik%20Choi"> Sangsik Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 2-MHz Side Scan SONAR (SSS) attached to the boat for inspection of underwater structures is affected by shaking. It is difficult to determine the exact scale of damage of structure. In this study, a motion sensor is attached to the inside of the 2-MHz SSS to get roll, pitch, and yaw direction data, and developed the image stabilization tool to correct the sonar image. We checked that reliable data can be obtained with an average error rate of 1.99% between the measured value and the actual distance through experiment. It is possible to get the accurate sonar data to inspect damage in underwater structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20stabilization" title="image stabilization">image stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20sensor" title=" motion sensor"> motion sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20inspection" title=" safety inspection"> safety inspection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonar%20image" title=" sonar image"> sonar image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20structure" title=" underwater structure"> underwater structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84612/image-distortion-correction-method-of-2-mhz-side-scan-sonar-for-underwater-structure-inspection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">888</span> A Regression Analysis Study of the Applicability of Side Scan Sonar based Safety Inspection of Underwater Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Park">Chul Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngseok%20Kim"> Youngseok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangsik%20Choi"> Sangsik Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study developed an electric jig for underwater structure inspection in order to solve the problem of the application of side scan sonar to underwater inspection, and analyzed correlations of empirical data in order to enhance sonar data resolution. For the application of tow-typed sonar to underwater structure inspection, an electric jig was developed. In fact, it was difficult to inspect a cross-section at the time of inspection with tow-typed equipment. With the development of the electric jig for underwater structure inspection, it was possible to shorten an inspection time over 20%, compared to conventional tow-typed side scan sonar, and to inspect a proper cross-section through accurate angle control. The indoor test conducted to enhance sonar data resolution proved that a water depth, the distance from an underwater structure, and a filming angle influenced a resolution and data quality. Based on the data accumulated through field experience, multiple regression analysis was conducted on correlations between three variables. As a result, the relational equation of sonar operation according to a water depth was drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20structure" title="underwater structure">underwater structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SONAR" title=" SONAR"> SONAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20inspection" title=" safety inspection"> safety inspection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resolution" title=" resolution"> resolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42801/a-regression-analysis-study-of-the-applicability-of-side-scan-sonar-based-safety-inspection-of-underwater-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">887</span> Heat Transfer Studies for LNG Vaporization During Underwater LNG Releases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Naveen">S. Naveen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Sivasubramanian"> V. Sivasubramanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A modeling theory is proposed to consider the vaporization of LNG during its contact with water following its release from an underwater source. The spillage of LNG underwater can lead to a decrease in the surface temperature of water and subsequent freezing. This can in turn affect the heat flux distribution from the released LNG onto the water surrounding it. The available models predict the rate of vaporization considering the surface of contact as a solid wall, and considering the entire phenomena as a solid-liquid operation. This assumption greatly under-predicted the overall heat transfer on LNG water interface. The vaporization flux would first decrease during the film boiling, followed by an increase during the transition boiling and a steady decrease during the nucleate boiling. A superheat theory is introduced to enhance the accuracy in the prediction of the heat transfer between LNG and water. The work suggests that considering the superheat theory can greatly enhance the prediction of LNG vaporization on underwater releases and also help improve the study of overall thermodynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaporation%20rate" title="evaporation rate">evaporation rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LNG%20vaporization" title=" LNG vaporization"> LNG vaporization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20LNG%20release" title=" underwater LNG release"> underwater LNG release</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20194/heat-transfer-studies-for-lng-vaporization-during-underwater-lng-releases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">886</span> Proposing a Boundary Coverage Algorithm ‎for Underwater Sensor Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mohsen%20Jameii">Seyed Mohsen Jameii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless underwater sensor networks are a type of sensor networks that are located in underwater environments and linked together by acoustic waves. The application of these kinds of network includes monitoring of pollutants (chemical, biological, and nuclear), oil fields detection, prediction of the likelihood of a tsunami in coastal areas, the use of wireless sensor nodes to monitor the passing submarines, and determination of appropriate locations for anchoring ships. This paper proposes a boundary coverage algorithm for intrusion detection in underwater sensor networks. In the first phase of the proposed algorithm, optimal deployment of nodes is done in the water. In the second phase, after the employment of nodes at the proper depth, clustering is executed to reduce the exchanges of messages between the sensors. In the third phase, the algorithm of "divide and conquer" is used to save energy and increase network efficiency. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20coverage" title="boundary coverage">boundary coverage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divide%20and%20%E2%80%8Econquer" title=" divide and ‎conquer"> divide and ‎conquer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20sensor%20nodes" title=" underwater sensor nodes"> underwater sensor nodes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58628/proposing-a-boundary-coverage-algorithm-for-underwater-sensor-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">885</span> Transmission of ASCII Code Messages Using a High Power (50mW) Underwater Laser Communication Prototype in Two Controlled Scenarios</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lessly%20Borja">Lessly Borja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20Gualli"> Anthony Gualli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kelly%20Ba%C3%B1o"> Kelly Baño</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabricio%20Santacruz"> Fabricio Santacruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, a prototype of underwater communication using a long-range laser (50mW) has been carried out in two aquatic scenarios (fish tank and swimming pool) with the aim of recreating Aqua-Fi technology (the future of underwater communications) using a Bluetooth connection to the transmitter to send data in ASCII code by means of light. Initially, the transmitter and receiver circuits were programmed in Arduino so that the data would travel by light pulses in the aforementioned code. To obtain the results of the underwater communication, two scenarios were chosen (fish tank and swimming pool), where the power value of the received signal was calculated from its peak-to-peak voltage using the Oscilloscope equipment (ESPOCH). Finally, it was concluded that the maximum communication range of this prototype is 12m underwater, and it was observed that the power decreases as the distance increases. However, this prototype still needs to improve communication so that the information is not distorted or lost when there is movement and dispersion of the water. It is hoped that it will form the basis for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prototype" title="prototype">prototype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater" title=" underwater"> underwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage" title=" voltage"> voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance" title=" distance"> distance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171122/transmission-of-ascii-code-messages-using-a-high-power-50mw-underwater-laser-communication-prototype-in-two-controlled-scenarios" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">884</span> Evaluation of Low Power Wi-Fi Modules in Simulated Ocean Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Chenevert">Gabriel Chenevert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhilash%20Arora"> Abhilash Arora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeljko%20Pantic"> Zeljko Pantic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The major problem underwater acoustic communication faces is the low data rate due to low signal frequency. By contrast, the Wi-Fi communication protocol offers high throughput but limited operating range due to the attenuation effect of the sea and ocean medium. However, short-range near-field underwater wireless power transfer systems offer an environment where Wi-Fi communication can be effectively integrated to collect data and deliver instructions to sensors in underwater sensor networks. In this paper, low-power, low-cost off-the-shelf Wi-Fi modules are explored experimentally for four selected parameters for different distances between units and water salinities. The results reveal a shorter operating range and stronger dependence on water salinity than reported so far for high-end Wi-Fi modules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20power%20transfer" title=" wireless power transfer"> wireless power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20communications" title=" underwater communications"> underwater communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESP" title=" ESP"> ESP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149137/evaluation-of-low-power-wi-fi-modules-in-simulated-ocean-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">883</span> Compressive Strength Evaluation of Underwater Concrete Structures Integrating the Combination of Rebound Hardness and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Methods with Artificial Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seunghee%20Park">Seunghee Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junkyeong%20Kim"> Junkyeong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Seok%20Shin"> Eun-Seok Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Hun%20Han"> Sang-Hun Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, two kinds of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques (rebound hardness and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods) are investigated for the effective maintenance of underwater concrete structures. A new methodology to estimate the underwater concrete strengths more effectively, named “artificial neural network (ANN) – based concrete strength estimation with the combination of rebound hardness and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods” is proposed and verified throughout a series of experimental works. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20concrete" title="underwater concrete">underwater concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rebound%20hardness" title=" rebound hardness"> rebound hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schmidt%20hammer" title=" Schmidt hammer"> Schmidt hammer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20pulse%20velocity" title=" ultrasonic pulse velocity"> ultrasonic pulse velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20sensor" title=" ultrasonic sensor"> ultrasonic sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title=" artificial neural networks"> artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANN" title=" ANN"> ANN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2714/compressive-strength-evaluation-of-underwater-concrete-structures-integrating-the-combination-of-rebound-hardness-and-ultrasonic-pulse-velocity-methods-with-artificial-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">882</span> Settlement Prediction in Cape Flats Sands Using Shear Wave Velocity – Penetration Resistance Correlations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanine%20Fouche">Nanine Fouche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Cape Flats is a low-lying sand-covered expanse of approximately 460 square kilometres, situated to the southeast of the central business district of Cape Town in the Western Cape of South Africa. The aeolian sands masking this area are often loose and compressible in the upper 1m to 1.5m of the surface, and there is a general exceedance of the maximum allowable settlement in these sands. The settlement of shallow foundations on Cape Flats sands is commonly predicted using the results of in-situ tests such as the SPT or DPSH due to the difficulty of retrieving undisturbed samples for laboratory testing. Varying degrees of accuracy and reliability are associated with these methods. More recently, shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles obtained from seismic testing, such as continuous surface wave tests (CSW), are being used for settlement prediction. Such predictions have the advantage of considering non-linear stress-strain behaviour of soil and the degradation of stiffness with increasing strain. CSW tests are rarely executed in the Cape Flats, whereas SPT’s are commonly performed. For this reason, and to facilitate better settlement predictions in Cape Flats sand, equations representing shear wave velocity (Vs) as a function of SPT blow count (N60) and vertical effective stress (v’) were generated by statistical regression of site investigation data. To reveal the most appropriate method of overburden correction, analyses were performed with a separate overburden term (Pa/σ’v) as well as using stress corrected shear wave velocity and SPT blow counts (correcting Vs. and N60 to Vs1and (N1)60respectively). Shear wave velocity profiles and SPT blow count data from three sites masked by Cape Flats sands were utilised to generate 80 Vs-SPT N data pairs for analysis. Investigated terrains included sites in the suburbs of Athlone, Muizenburg, and Atlantis, all underlain by windblown deposits comprising fine and medium sand with varying fines contents. Elastic settlement analysis was also undertaken for the Cape Flats sands, using a non-linear stepwise method based on small-strain stiffness estimates, which was obtained from the best Vs-N60 model and compared to settlement estimates using the general elastic solution with stiffness profiles determined using Stroud’s (1989) and Webb’s (1969) SPT N60-E transformation models. Stroud’s method considers strain level indirectly whereasWebb’smethod does not take account of the variation in elastic modulus with strain. The expression of Vs. in terms of N60 and Pa/σv’ derived from the Atlantis data set revealed the best fit with R2 = 0.83 and a standard error of 83.5m/s. Less accurate Vs-SPT N relations associated with the combined data set is presumably the result of inversion routines used in the analysis of the CSW results showcasing significant variation in relative density and stiffness with depth. The regression analyses revealed that the inclusion of a separate overburden term in the regression of Vs and N60, produces improved fits, as opposed to the stress corrected equations in which the R2 of the regression is notably lower. It is the correction of Vs and N60 to Vs1 and (N1)60 with empirical constants ‘n’ and ‘m’ prior to regression, that introduces bias with respect to overburden pressure. When comparing settlement prediction methods, both Stroud’s method (considering strain level indirectly) and the small strain stiffness method predict higher stiffnesses for medium dense and dense profiles than Webb’s method, which takes no account of strain level in the determination of soil stiffness. Webb’s method appears to be suitable for loose sands only. The Versak software appears to underestimate differences in settlement between square and strip footings of similar width. In conclusion, settlement analysis using small-strain stiffness data from the proposed Vs-N60 model for Cape Flats sands provides a way to take account of the non-linear stress-strain behaviour of the sands when calculating settlement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sands" title="sands">sands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement%20prediction" title=" settlement prediction"> settlement prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20surface%20wave%20test" title=" continuous surface wave test"> continuous surface wave test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-strain%20stiffness" title=" small-strain stiffness"> small-strain stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penetration%20resistance" title=" penetration resistance"> penetration resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142082/settlement-prediction-in-cape-flats-sands-using-shear-wave-velocity-penetration-resistance-correlations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">881</span> Evaluation of Fusion Sonar and Stereo Camera System for 3D Reconstruction of Underwater Archaeological Object</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yadpiroon%20Onmek">Yadpiroon Onmek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Triboulet"> Jean Triboulet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastien%20Druon"> Sebastien Druon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruno%20Jouvencel"> Bruno Jouvencel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is to develop the 3D underwater reconstruction of archaeology object, which is based on the fusion between a sonar system and stereo camera system. The underwater images are obtained from a calibrated camera system. The multiples image pairs are input, and we first solve the problem of image processing by applying the well-known filter, therefore to improve the quality of underwater images. The features of interest between image pairs are selected by well-known methods: a FAST detector and FLANN descriptor. Subsequently, the RANSAC method is applied to reject outlier points. The putative inliers are matched by triangulation to produce the local sparse point clouds in 3D space, using a pinhole camera model and Euclidean distance estimation. The SFM technique is used to carry out the global sparse point clouds. Finally, the ICP method is used to fusion the sonar information with the stereo model. The final 3D models have a précised by measurement comparing with the real object. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20reconstruction" title="3D reconstruction">3D reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archaeology" title=" archaeology"> archaeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusion" title=" fusion"> fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereo%20system" title=" stereo system"> stereo system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonar%20system" title=" sonar system"> sonar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater" title=" underwater"> underwater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73700/evaluation-of-fusion-sonar-and-stereo-camera-system-for-3d-reconstruction-of-underwater-archaeological-object" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loose%20sands%20underwater%20table&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loose%20sands%20underwater%20table&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loose%20sands%20underwater%20table&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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