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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Bill_James_Baseball_Abstracts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Bill_James_Baseball_Abstracts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span><i>The Bill James Baseball Abstract</i>s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Bill_James_Baseball_Abstracts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Abstracts_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Abstracts_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Post-<i>Abstract</i>s work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Abstracts_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-STATS,_Inc." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#STATS,_Inc."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>STATS, Inc.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-STATS,_Inc.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Innovations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Innovations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Innovations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Innovations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acceptance_and_employment_in_mainstream_baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acceptance_and_employment_in_mainstream_baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Acceptance and employment in mainstream baseball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acceptance_and_employment_in_mainstream_baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books_about_James" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books_about_James"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Books about James</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books_about_James-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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searchaux" style="display:none">American baseball writer and statistician</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people with similar names, see <a href="/wiki/Bill_James_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bill James (disambiguation)">Bill James (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_James_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="William James (disambiguation)">William James (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Bill James</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_James_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bill_James_2010.jpg/220px-Bill_James_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bill_James_2010.jpg/330px-Bill_James_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bill_James_2010.jpg/440px-Bill_James_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2587" data-file-height="2302" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">James in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">George William James</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1949-10-05</span>) </span>October 5, 1949<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 75)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Holton,_Kansas" title="Holton, Kansas">Holton, Kansas</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kansas" title="University of Kansas">University of Kansas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Baseball historian</li><li>statistician</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1977–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">Sabermetrics</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>George William James</b> (born October 5, 1949)<sup id="cite_ref-khs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential. Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books about baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he named <a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">sabermetrics</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Baseball_Research" title="Society for American Baseball Research">Society for American Baseball Research</a> (SABR),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose. </p><p>In 2006, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> named him in the <a href="/wiki/Time_100" title="Time 100"><i>Time</i> 100</a> as one of the most influential people in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, James was hired as senior advisor on Baseball Operations for the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> and worked for the team for 17 years during which they won four World Series championships.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James was born in <a href="/wiki/Holton,_Kansas" title="Holton, Kansas">Holton, Kansas</a>. He joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> in 1971. After his service, he graduated from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kansas" title="University of Kansas">University of Kansas</a> in 1973 with degrees in English and economics, and in 1975 with a degree in education.<sup id="cite_ref-khs_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Bill_James_Baseball_Abstracts"><i>The Bill James Baseball Abstract</i>s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Bill James Baseball Abstracts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An aspiring writer and obsessive fan, James began writing baseball articles after leaving the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> in his mid-twenties. Many of his first baseball writings came while he was doing night shifts as a security guard at the <a href="/wiki/Stokely-Van_Camp%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Stokely-Van Camp's">Stokely-Van Camp's</a> pork and beans cannery. Unlike most writers, his pieces did not recount games in epic terms or offer insights gleaned from interviews with players. A typical James piece posed a question (<i>e.g.,</i> "Which pitchers and catchers allow runners to steal the most bases?"), and then presented data and analysis that offered an answer.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Editors considered James's pieces so unusual that few believed them suitable for their readers. In an effort to reach a wider audience, James began self-publishing an annual book titled <i>The Bill James Baseball Abstract</i>, beginning in 1977. The first edition, titled <i>1977 Baseball Abstract: Featuring 18 categories of statistical information that you just can't find anywhere else</i>, presented 68 pages of in-depth statistics compiled from James's study of <a href="/wiki/Box_score" title="Box score">box scores</a> from the preceding season and was offered for sale through a small advertisement in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sporting_News" title="The Sporting News">The Sporting News</a></i>. Seventy-five people purchased the booklet.<sup id="cite_ref-michael_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-michael-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1978 edition, subtitled <i>The 2nd annual edition of baseball's most informative and imaginative review</i>, sold 250 copies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning in 1979, James wrote an annual preview of the baseball season for <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i>, and continued to do so through 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first three editions of the <i>Baseball Abstract</i> garnered respect for James's work, including a very favorable review by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Okrent" title="Daniel Okrent">Daniel Okrent</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New annual editions added essays on teams and players. By 1982 sales had increased tenfold, and a media conglomerate agreed to publish and distribute future editions. </p><p>While writers had published books about baseball statistics before (most notably <a href="/wiki/Earnshaw_Cook" title="Earnshaw Cook">Earnshaw Cook</a>'s <i>Percentage Baseball</i>, in the 1960s), few had ever reached a mass audience. Attempts to imitate James's work spawned a flood of books and articles that continues to this day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Abstracts_work">Post-<i>Abstract</i>s work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-Abstracts work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1988, James ceased writing the <i>Abstract</i>, citing workload-related burnout and concern about the volume of statistics on the market. He has continued to publish hardcover books about baseball history, which have sold well and received admiring reviews. These books include three editions of <i>The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</i> (1985, 1988, 2001, the last entitled <i>The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</i>). </p><p>James has also written several series of new annuals: </p> <ul><li><i>The Baseball Book</i> (1990–1992) was a loosely organized collection of commentary, profiles, historical articles, and occasional pieces of research. James's assistant <a href="/wiki/Rob_Neyer" title="Rob Neyer">Rob Neyer</a> was responsible for much of the research, and wrote several short pieces. Neyer went on to become a featured baseball columnist at <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> and <a href="/wiki/SB_Nation" title="SB Nation">SB Nation</a>.</li> <li><i>The Player Ratings Book</i> (1993–95) offered statistics and 50-word profiles aimed at the <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_baseball" title="Fantasy baseball">fantasy baseball</a> enthusiast.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221035535/http://actasports.com/detail.html?&id=9780879463403">The Bill James Handbook</a> (2003–present) provides past-season statistics and next-season projections for Major League players and teams, and career data for all current Major League players. Results for the <a href="/wiki/Fielding_Bible_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Fielding Bible Awards">Fielding Bible Awards</a>, an alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Rawlings_Gold_Glove_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawlings Gold Glove Award">Gold Glove Awards</a> voted on by a 10-person panel that includes James, are also included.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100316224509/http://www.actasports.com/detail.html?&id=9780879463205">The Bill James Gold Mine</a> (2008–2010) was a collection of new essays and never-before-seen statistics, as well as profiles of players and teams.</li> <li>Playing off the name of the earlier series, <i>Solid Fool's Gold: Detours on the Way to Conventional Wisdom</i> (2011) was a mixed collection of both baseball-related and miscellaneous pieces, culled from the Bill James Online archives (see below).</li></ul> <p>In 2008, James launched <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billjamesonline.com/">Bill James Online</a>. Subscribers could read James's new, original writing and interact with one another—as well as with James—in a question-and-answer format. The web site also offered new "profiles" of teams and players full of facts and statistics that hoped to map what James has termed "the lost island of baseball statistics". On June 9, 2023, James wrote an article for the site announcing that it would soon be closed in order for James to "focus on other projects".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="STATS,_Inc."><span id="STATS.2C_Inc."></span>STATS, Inc.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: STATS, Inc."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an essay published in the 1984 <i>Abstract</i>, James vented his frustration about <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s refusal to publish play-by-play accounts of every game. James proposed the creation of Project Scoresheet, a network of fans that would work together to collect and distribute this information.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the resulting non-profit organization never functioned smoothly, it worked well enough to collect accounts of every game from 1984 through 1991. James's publisher agreed to distribute two annuals of essays and data—the 1987 and 1988 editions of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James_Presents_The_Great_American_Baseball_Statbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill James Presents The Great American Baseball Statbook (page does not exist)">Bill James Presents The Great American Baseball Statbook</a></i> (though only the first of these featured writing by James). </p><p>The organization was eventually disbanded, but many of its members went on to form for-profit companies with similar goals and structure. <a href="/wiki/STATS,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="STATS, Inc.">STATS, Inc.</a>, the company James joined, provided data and analysis to every major media outlet before being acquired by <a href="/wiki/Fox_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Network">Fox</a> Sports in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Innovations">Innovations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Innovations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among the statistical innovations attributable to James are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runs_created" title="Runs created">Runs created</a>. A statistic intended to quantify a player's contribution to runs scored, as well as a team's expected number of runs scored. Runs created is calculated from other offensive statistics. James's first version of it was: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3f12d058bc4826eccb4076f81684fdee9eb4d6b3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:23.947ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}"></span> Applied to an entire team or league, the statistic correlates closely (usually within 5%) to that team's or league's actual runs scored. Since James first created the statistic, sabermetricians have refined it to make it more accurate, and it is now used in many different variations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Range_factor" title="Range factor">Range factor</a>. A statistic that quantifies the defensive contribution of a player, calculated in its simplest form as (A is an <a href="/wiki/Assist_(baseball)" title="Assist (baseball)">assist</a>, PO is a <a href="/wiki/Putout_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Putout (baseball)">putout</a>): <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RF={\frac {9\times (A+PO)}{\text{Innings}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>9</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mi>O</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mtext>Innings</mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RF={\frac {9\times (A+PO)}{\text{Innings}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33dc012d1d698291cce77a911d65ad987ea0a89e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:21.354ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RF={\frac {9\times (A+PO)}{\text{Innings}}}}"></span> The statistic is premised on the notion that the total number of outs that a player participates in is more relevant in evaluating his defensive play than the percentage of cleanly handled chances as calculated by the conventional statistic <a href="/wiki/Fielding_percentage" title="Fielding percentage">fielding percentage</a>.</li> <li>Defensive Efficiency Rating. A statistic that shows the percentage of balls in play a defense turns into an out. It is used to help determine a team's defensive ability. The formula is: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle DER=1-{\frac {H+ROE-HR}{PA-K-BB-HBP-HR}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>D</mi> <mi>E</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mi>O</mi> <mi>E</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle DER=1-{\frac {H+ROE-HR}{PA-K-BB-HBP-HR}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0e9c0ee117b807fa64f97b5054641afc873e0ba0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:43.246ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle DER=1-{\frac {H+ROE-HR}{PA-K-BB-HBP-HR}}}"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win_shares" class="mw-redirect" title="Win shares">Win shares</a>. A unifying statistic intended to allow the comparison of players at different positions, as well as players of different eras. Win Shares incorporates a variety of pitching, hitting and fielding statistics. One drawback of Win Shares is the difficulty of computing it.<sup id="cite_ref-tht-interview_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tht-interview-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythagorean_expectation" title="Pythagorean expectation">Pythagorean Winning Percentage</a>. A statistic explaining the relationship of wins and losses to runs scored and runs allowed. The statistic correlates closely to a team's actual winning percentage. Its simplest formula is: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Pythagorean~W\%} ={\frac {R^{2}}{R^{2}+RA^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">W</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <msup> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>R</mi> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Pythagorean~W\%} ={\frac {R^{2}}{R^{2}+RA^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/733f161d754b9edaaf2ef293dc96f24e0b8af74b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:31.954ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Pythagorean~W\%} ={\frac {R^{2}}{R^{2}+RA^{2}}}}"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_score" title="Game score">Game score</a> is a metric to determine the strength of a pitcher in any particular baseball game. It has since been improved by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Tango" title="Tom Tango">Tom Tango</a>.</li> <li>Major League Equivalency. A metric that uses <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league</a> statistics to predict how a player is likely to perform at the major league level.</li> <li>The Brock2 System. A system for projecting a player's performance over the remainder of his career based on past performance and the aging process.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Similarity_score" title="Similarity score">Similarity scores</a>. Scoring a player's statistical similarity to other players, providing a frame of reference for players of the distant past. Examples: <a href="/wiki/Lou_Gehrig" title="Lou Gehrig">Lou Gehrig</a> comparable to <a href="/wiki/Don_Mattingly" title="Don Mattingly">Don Mattingly</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shoeless_Joe_Jackson" title="Shoeless Joe Jackson">Joe Jackson</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tony_Oliva" title="Tony Oliva">Tony Oliva</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_average" title="Secondary average">Secondary average</a>. A statistic that attempts to measure a player's contribution to an offense in ways not reflected in batting average. Secondary averages tend to be similar to batting averages, but can vary wildly, from less than .100 to more than .500 in extreme cases. The formula is (ISO is <a href="/wiki/Isolated_power" title="Isolated power">isolated power</a>): <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {SecA} ={\frac {BB+(TB-H)+(SB-CS)}{AB}}={\frac {BB+(SB-CS)}{AB}}+ISO}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>O</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {SecA} ={\frac {BB+(TB-H)+(SB-CS)}{AB}}={\frac {BB+(SB-CS)}{AB}}+ISO}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2778bea79eb234c0437c314cfa7c461bfdf9f127" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:68.302ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {SecA} ={\frac {BB+(TB-H)+(SB-CS)}{AB}}={\frac {BB+(SB-CS)}{AB}}+ISO}"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power/Speed_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Power/Speed Number">Power/Speed Number</a>. A statistic that attempts to consolidate the various "clubs" of players with impressive numbers of both home runs and stolen bases (e.g., the <a href="/wiki/30%E2%80%9330_club" title="30–30 club">30–30 club</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bonds" title="Bobby Bonds">Bobby Bonds</a> was well known for being a member), the <a href="/wiki/40%E2%80%9340_club" title="40–40 club">40–40 club</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jose_Canseco" title="Jose Canseco">Jose Canseco</a> was the first to perform this feat), and even the 25–65 club (<a href="/wiki/Joe_Morgan" title="Joe Morgan">Joe Morgan</a> in the '70s)). The formula is: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {PSN} ={\frac {2\times HR\times SB}{HR+SB}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {PSN} ={\frac {2\times HR\times SB}{HR+SB}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0e6bd5fa6b970a19ee4195551397c04073168847" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:22.487ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {PSN} ={\frac {2\times HR\times SB}{HR+SB}}}"></span></li> <li>Approximate Value. A system of cutoffs designed to estimate the value a player contributed to various category groups (including his team) to study broad questions such as "how do players age over time".</li> <li>"Temperature gauge" to determine how "hot" a player is, based on recent performance.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gauge has been used in <a href="/wiki/NESN" title="NESN">NESN</a> Red Sox telecasts and has provoked mixed reactions from critics.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Although James may be best known as an inventor of statistical tools, he has often written on the limitations of statistics and urged humility concerning their place amid other kinds of information about baseball.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To James, context is paramount: he was among the first to emphasize the importance of adjusting traditional statistics for <a href="/wiki/Batting_Park_Factor" class="mw-redirect" title="Batting Park Factor">park factors</a> and to stress the role of luck in a pitcher's win–loss record.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of his statistical innovations are arguably less important than the underlying ideas. When he introduced the notion of <a href="/wiki/Secondary_average" title="Secondary average">secondary average</a>, it was as a vehicle for the then-counterintuitive concept that <a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">batting average</a> represents only a fraction of a player's offensive contribution. (The <a href="/wiki/Runs_Created" class="mw-redirect" title="Runs Created">runs-created statistic</a> plays a similar role vis-à-vis the traditional <a href="/wiki/Runs_batted_in" class="mw-redirect" title="Runs batted in">RBI</a>.) Some of his contributions to the language of baseball, like the idea of the "<a href="/wiki/Defensive_spectrum" title="Defensive spectrum">defensive spectrum</a>", border on being entirely non-statistical. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acceptance_and_employment_in_mainstream_baseball">Acceptance and employment in mainstream baseball</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Acceptance and employment in mainstream baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland Athletics">Oakland Athletics</a> general manager <a href="/wiki/Billy_Beane" title="Billy Beane">Billy Beane</a> began applying sabermetric principles to running his low-budget team in the early 2000s, to notable effect, as chronicled in <a href="/wiki/Michael_Lewis_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Lewis (author)">Michael Lewis</a>' book <i><a href="/wiki/Moneyball:_The_Art_of_Winning_an_Unfair_Game" title="Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game">Moneyball</a></i>. </p><p>In 2003, James was hired by a former reader, <a href="/wiki/John_W._Henry" title="John W. Henry">John Henry</a>, the new owner of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>. </p><p>One point of controversy was in handling the relief pitching of the Red Sox.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James had previously published analysis of the use of the <a href="/wiki/Closer_(baseball)" title="Closer (baseball)">closer</a> in baseball, and had concluded that the traditional use of the closer both overrated the abilities of that individual and used him in suboptimal circumstances. He wrote that it is "far better to use your <a href="/wiki/Relief_ace" class="mw-redirect" title="Relief ace">relief ace</a> when the score is tied, even if that is the seventh inning, than in the ninth inning with a lead of two or more runs."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Red Sox in 2003 staffed their bullpen with several marginally talented relievers.<sup id="cite_ref-prospectus2005_69_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prospectus2005_69-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red Sox manager <a href="/wiki/Grady_Little" title="Grady Little">Grady Little</a> was never fully comfortable with the setup, and designated unofficial closers and reshuffled roles after a bad outing. When Boston lost a number of games due to bullpen failures, Little reverted to a traditional closer approach and moved <a href="/wiki/Byung-hyun_Kim" title="Byung-hyun Kim">Byung-hyun Kim</a> from being a starting pitcher to a closer.<sup id="cite_ref-prospectus2005_70_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prospectus2005_70-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Red Sox did not follow James's idea of a bullpen with no closer, but with consistent overall talent that would allow the responsibilities to be shared.<sup id="cite_ref-prospectus2005_69_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prospectus2005_69-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red Sox reliever <a href="/wiki/Alan_Embree" title="Alan Embree">Alan Embree</a> thought the plan could have worked if the bullpen had not suffered injuries.<sup id="cite_ref-prospectus2005_70_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prospectus2005_70-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 2004 regular season <a href="/wiki/Keith_Foulke" title="Keith Foulke">Keith Foulke</a> was used primarily as a closer in the conventional model; however, Foulke's usage in the 2004 postseason was along the lines of a relief ace with multiple inning appearances at pivotal times of the game.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Houston_Astros" title="Houston Astros">Houston Astros</a> manager <a href="/wiki/Phil_Garner" title="Phil Garner">Phil Garner</a> also employed a relief ace model with his use of <a href="/wiki/Brad_Lidge" title="Brad Lidge">Brad Lidge</a> in the 2004 postseason.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his tenure with the Red Sox, James published several new sabermetric books (see <a href="#Bibliography">#Bibliography</a> below). Indeed, although James was typically tight-lipped about his activities on behalf of the Red Sox, he is credited with advocating some of the moves that led to the team's first <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> championship in 86 years, including the signing of non-tendered free agent <a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">David Ortiz</a>, the trade for <a href="/wiki/Mark_Bellhorn" title="Mark Bellhorn">Mark Bellhorn</a>, and the team's increased emphasis on <a href="/wiki/On-base_percentage" title="On-base percentage">on-base percentage</a>. </p><p>After the Red Sox suffered through <a href="/wiki/2012_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="2012 Boston Red Sox season">a disastrous 2012 season</a>, Henry stated that James had fallen "out of favor [in the front office] over the last few years for reasons I really don't understand. We've gotten him more involved recently in the central process and that will help greatly."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 24, 2019, James announced his retirement from the Red Sox, saying that he had "fallen out of step with the organization" and added that he hadn't earned his paycheck with the Red Sox for the last couple of years.<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his time with the team, Bill James received four <a href="/wiki/World_Series_ring" title="World Series ring">World Series rings</a> for the team's 2004, 2007, 2013, and 2018 World Series titles.<sup id="cite_ref-tht-interview_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tht-interview-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_writing">Other writing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James has written two <a href="/wiki/True_crime" title="True crime">true crime</a> books, <i>Popular Crime: Reflections on the Celebration of Violence</i> (2011) and - together with his daughter Rachel McCarthy James - <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_from_the_Train" title="The Man from the Train">The Man from the Train</a></i> (2017). The latter is an attempt to link scores of murders of entire families in the early 20th century United States to a single perpetrator. Those murders include the <a href="/wiki/Villisca_axe_murders" title="Villisca axe murders">Villisca axe murders</a>. The Jameses propose a solution to the murders based on the signature elements these killings share with each other. </p><p>James is a fan of the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Jayhawks_men%27s_basketball" title="Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball">University of Kansas men's basketball team</a> and has written about basketball. He has created a formula for what he calls a "safe lead" in the sport.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lewis" title="Michael Lewis">Michael Lewis</a>, in his 2003 book <i><a href="/wiki/Moneyball:_The_Art_of_Winning_an_Unfair_Game" title="Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game">Moneyball</a></i>, dedicates a chapter to James's career and sabermetrics as background for his portrayal of <a href="/wiki/Billy_Beane" title="Billy Beane">Billy Beane</a> and the Oakland Athletics' unlikely success. </p><p>James was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reliquary" title="Baseball Reliquary">Baseball Reliquary</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reliquary#Shrine_of_the_Eternals" title="Baseball Reliquary">Shrine of the Eternals</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-BRSOTE_Inductees_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BRSOTE_Inductees-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James was profiled on <i><a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a></i> on March 30, 2008, in his role as a sabermetric pioneer and Red Sox advisor. In 2010, he was inducted into the Irish American Baseball Hall of Fame.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James made a guest appearance on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i> 2010 episode "<a href="/wiki/MoneyBART" class="mw-redirect" title="MoneyBART">MoneyBART</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He claimed "I've made baseball as fun as doing your taxes." </p><p><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a>'s planned film adaptation of <i><a href="/wiki/Moneyball:_The_Art_of_Winning_an_Unfair_Game" title="Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game">Moneyball</a></i> would have featured an animated version of James as a "host".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This script was discarded when director <a href="/wiki/Bennett_Miller" title="Bennett Miller">Bennett Miller</a> and writer <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> succeeded Soderbergh on the project. Ultimately, <a href="/wiki/Moneyball_(film)" title="Moneyball (film)">the 2011 film</a> mentions James several times. His bio is briefly recapped, and Billy Beane is depicted telling John Henry that Henry's hiring of James is the reason Beane is interested in the Red Sox general manager job. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dowd_Report_controversy">Dowd Report controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Dowd Report controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his <i>Baseball Book 1990</i>, James heavily criticized the methodology of the <a href="/wiki/Dowd_Report" title="Dowd Report">Dowd Report</a>, which was an investigation (commissioned by baseball commissioner <a href="/wiki/Bart_Giamatti" title="Bart Giamatti">Bart Giamatti</a>) on the gambling activities of <a href="/wiki/Pete_Rose" title="Pete Rose">Pete Rose</a>. James reproached commissioner Giamatti and his successor, <a href="/wiki/Fay_Vincent" title="Fay Vincent">Fay Vincent</a>, for their acceptance of the Dowd Report as the final word on Rose's gambling. (James's attitude on the matter surprised many fans, especially after the writer had been deeply critical of Rose in the past, especially what James considered to be Rose's selfish pursuit of <a href="/wiki/Ty_Cobb" title="Ty Cobb">Ty Cobb</a>'s all-time record for base hits.) </p><p>James expanded his defense of Rose in his 2001 book <i>The New Historical Baseball Abstract</i>, with a detailed explanation of why he found the case against Rose flimsy. James wrote "I would characterize the evidence that Rose bet on baseball as...well, not quite non-existent. It is extremely weak." This countered the popular opinion that the case against Rose was a slam dunk, and several critics claimed that James misstated some of the evidence in his defense of Rose. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Derek_Zumsteg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derek Zumsteg (page does not exist)">Derek Zumsteg</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Prospectus" title="Baseball Prospectus">Baseball Prospectus</a> wrote an exhaustive review of the case James made and concluded: "James' defense of Rose is filled with oversights, errors in judgment, failures in research, and is a great disservice to the many people who have looked to him for a balanced and fair take on this complicated and important issue."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, Rose admitted publicly that he had bet on baseball and confirmed the Dowd Report was correct. James remained steadfast, continuing to insist that the evidence available to Dowd at the time was insufficient to reach the conclusion that it did. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paterno_controversy">Paterno controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Paterno controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 4, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Sandusky" title="Jerry Sandusky">Jerry Sandusky</a> was indicted for committing sex crimes against young boys, which brought the <a href="/wiki/Penn_State_child_sex_abuse_scandal" title="Penn State child sex abuse scandal">Penn State child sex abuse scandal</a> to national attention. On December 11, 2011, James published an article called "The Trial of Penn State", depicting an imaginary trial in which Penn State defended itself against charges of "acting rashly and irresponsibly in the matter of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Paterno" title="Joe Paterno">Joe Paterno</a>, in such a manner that [they] defamed, libeled and slandered Paterno, unfairly demolishing his reputation."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 12, 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Freeh_report" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeh report">Freeh report</a> was released, charging Paterno and three other University officials with covering up reports of sexual assaults and enabling the attacker to prey on other children for more than a decade, often in Penn State facilities. Soon afterwards, during an interview on ESPN radio, James claimed that the Freeh report's characterizations of Paterno as a powerful figure were wrong, and that it was not Paterno's responsibility to report allegations of child molestation to the police. "[Paterno] had very few allies. He was isolated and he was not nearly as powerful as people imagine him to have been."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked if he knew anyone who had showered with a boy they were not related to, James said it was a common practice when he was growing up. "That was actually quite common in the town I grew up in. That was quite common in America 40 years ago."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The July 2012 interview comments were widely criticized.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rob_Neyer" title="Rob Neyer">Rob Neyer</a> wrote in defense of James.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James's employer, the Boston Red Sox, issued a statement disavowing the comments James made and saying that he had been asked not to make further public comments on the matter.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Replaceable_players"_controversy"><span id=".22Replaceable_players.22_controversy"></span>"Replaceable players" controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: "Replaceable players" controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> On November 7, 2018, James participated in a <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> conversation regarding comments made by agent <a href="/wiki/Scott_Boras" title="Scott Boras">Scott Boras</a> about teams "<a href="/wiki/Tanking_(sports)" title="Tanking (sports)">tanking</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James wrote:</p><blockquote><p>If the players all retired tomorrow, we would replace them, the game would go on; in three years it would make no difference whatsoever. The players are NOT the game, any more than the beer vendors are.</p></blockquote><p>This was arguably consistent with thoughts James had publicly expressed prior to his affiliation with the Red Sox. In an article in <i>The 1988 Bill James Baseball Abstract</i>, he had written:</p><blockquote><p>This nation could support, without any detectable loss of player quality, at a very, very minimum, 200 major league teams.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Nonetheless, in the context of James's association with the Red Sox front office and baseball's checkered labor history (including alleged collusion amongst the owners in the previous offseason to curb free agent salaries<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), the tweets were taken by many as inflammatory. <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_Players_Association" title="Major League Baseball Players Association">Major League Baseball Players Association</a> executive director <a href="/wiki/Tony_Clark" title="Tony Clark">Tony Clark</a> called James's comments "reckless and insulting".<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-replaceable-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other active or former players also objected.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-replaceable-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James told the <i>New York Times</i>:</p><blockquote><p>I don't know that the idea that the game endures and we're all just passing through it is inherently an offensive idea. But if I phrased it in an offensive way, that was not my intention.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-replaceable-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>The Red Sox responded by issuing a statement saying:</p><blockquote><p>Bill James is a consultant to the Red Sox. He is not an employee, nor does he speak for the club. His comments on Twitter were inappropriate and do not reflect the opinions of the Red Sox front office or its ownership group. Our Championships would not have been possible without our incredibly talented players — they are the backbone of our franchise and our industry. To insinuate otherwise is absurd.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-replaceable-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James married Susan McCarthy in 1978. They have three children.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2024, James announced that he had suffered a <a href="/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke">stroke</a>, which hampered the use of his right hand.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Baseball</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Bill James Baseball Abstract</i> (annual editions published 1977–1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bill_James_Historical_Baseball_Abstract" title="The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract">The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</a></i> (1985; revised edition 1988) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0394537139" title="Special:BookSources/978-0394537139">978-0394537139</a></li> <li><i>This Time Let's Not Eat the Bones</i> (1989) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0394577142" title="Special:BookSources/978-0394577142">978-0394577142</a> (selection of comments from Abstracts and articles)</li> <li><i>The Bill James Baseball Book</i> (annual editions published 1990–1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whatever_Happened_to_the_Hall_of_Fame%3F" title="Whatever Happened to the Hall of Fame?">The Politics of Glory</a></i> (1994) (revised as <i><a href="/wiki/Whatever_Happened_to_the_Hall_of_Fame%3F" title="Whatever Happened to the Hall of Fame?">Whatever Happened to the Hall of Fame?</a></i>), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0684800882" title="Special:BookSources/978-0684800882">978-0684800882</a></li> <li><i>The Bill James Player Ratings Book</i> (annual editions published 1993–1996)</li> <li><i>The Bill James Guide to Baseball Managers</i> (1997) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0684806983" title="Special:BookSources/978-0684806983">978-0684806983</a></li> <li><i>Bill James Present STATS All-Time Major League Handbook</i> (1998; 2nd ed. 2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1884064814" title="Special:BookSources/978-1884064814">978-1884064814</a></li> <li><i>Bill James Present STATS All-Time Major League Sourcebook</i> (1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1884064531" title="Special:BookSources/978-1884064531">978-1884064531</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bill_James_Historical_Baseball_Abstract" title="The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract">The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</a></i> (2001) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0684806976" title="Special:BookSources/978-0684806976">978-0684806976</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Win_Shares_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Win Shares (book)">Win Shares</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i>Win Shares Digital Update</i> (2002) (PDF form only)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://actasports.com/bill-james-books/handbook/">The Bill James Handbook</a></i> (annual editions published 2003–present)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Neyer/James_Guide_to_Pitchers" title="The Neyer/James Guide to Pitchers">The Neyer/James Guide to Pitchers</a></i> (2004, with co-author <a href="/wiki/Rob_Neyer" title="Rob Neyer">Rob Neyer</a>) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0743261586" title="Special:BookSources/978-0743261586">978-0743261586</a></li> <li><i>The Bill James Gold Mine</i> (annual editions published 2008–2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0879463205" title="Special:BookSources/978-0879463205">978-0879463205</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0879463694" title="Special:BookSources/978-0879463694">978-0879463694</a>)</li> <li><i>Solid Fool's Gold</i> (2011), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0879464592" title="Special:BookSources/978-0879464592">978-0879464592</a> (articles from Bill James Online website)</li> <li><i>Fools Rush Inn</i> (2014), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0879464974" title="Special:BookSources/978-0879464974">978-0879464974</a> (more articles from Bill James Online website)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Crime history</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Popular Crime – Reflections on the Celebration of Violence</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5273-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5273-4">978-1-4165-5273-4</a>, published 2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_From_the_Train" class="mw-redirect" title="The Man From the Train">The Man From the Train</a></i> (2017), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-9625-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-9625-3">978-1-4767-9625-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books_about_James">Books about James</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Books about James"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Mind of Bill James</i> (2006) ISBN</li> <li><i>How Bill James Changed Our View of Baseball: by Colleagues, Critics, Competitors and Just Plain Fans</i> (2007) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0879463175" title="Special:BookSources/978-0879463175">978-0879463175</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/28px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/42px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-khs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-khs_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khs_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPierron2012" class="citation web cs1">Pierron, G. Joseph (November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/george-william-bill-james/18177">"George William "Bill" James"</a>. <i>Kansapedia</i>. <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Historical_Society" title="Kansas Historical Society">Kansas Historical Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kansapedia&rft.atitle=George+William+%22Bill%22+James&rft.date=2012-11&rft.aulast=Pierron&rft.aufirst=G.+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kshs.org%2Fkansapedia%2Fgeorge-william-bill-james%2F18177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kshof.org/team/bill-james">"Bill James"</a>. <i>kshof.org</i>. the Middle Pin Designs<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kshof.org&rft.atitle=Bill+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kshof.org%2Fteam%2Fbill-james&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Sullivan, State of the Art: The Actuarial Game of Baseball, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.contingencies.org/mayjun04/stat.pdf">http://www.contingencies.org/mayjun04/stat.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927011510/http://www.contingencies.org/mayjun04/stat.pdf">Archived</a> September 27, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Henry, John (April 30, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060618114907/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1187260,00.html">"Bill James"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1187260,00.html">the original</a> on June 18, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Bill+James&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C1187260%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billjamesonline.com/im_moving_on/">"I'm Moving On | Articles | Bill James Online"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I%27m+Moving+On+%26%23124%3B+Articles+%26%23124%3B+Bill+James+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billjamesonline.com%2Fim_moving_on%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anderson-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2019" class="citation web cs1">Anderson, R.J. (October 24, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/bill-james-announces-retirement-from-red-sox-after-17-years-with-front-office/">"Bill James announces retirement from Red Sox after 17 years with front office"</a>. <i>CBS Sports</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+Sports&rft.atitle=Bill+James+announces+retirement+from+Red+Sox+after+17+years+with+front+office&rft.date=2019-10-24&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fmlb%2Fnews%2Fbill-james-announces-retirement-from-red-sox-after-17-years-with-front-office%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2010" class="citation book cs1">James, Bill (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3uSbqUm8hSAC"><i>The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439106938" title="Special:BookSources/9781439106938"><bdi>9781439106938</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Bill+James+Historical+Baseball+Abstract&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781439106938&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3uSbqUm8hSAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-michael-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-michael_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lewis" title="Michael Lewis">Lewis, Michael</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oIYNBodW-ZEC"><i>Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game</i></a>. W. W. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esquire.com&rft.atitle=How+Esquire+Discovered+Bill+James&rft.date=2016-03-31&rft.aulast=Belth&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassic.esquire.com%2Feditors-notes%2Fhow-esquire-discovered-bill-james%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090204030220/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1124493/index.htm">"He Does It by the Numbers"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. May 25, 1981. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=He+Does+It+by+the+Numbers&rft.date=1981-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1124493%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110916161440/http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/news/press_releases/press_release.jsp?ymd=20081030&content_id=3655084&vkey=pr_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">"Franklin Gutierrez wins the 2008 Fielding Bible Award for best fielding right fielder in Major League Baseball"</a>. <i>cleveland.indians.mlb.com</i>. October 30, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cleveland.indians.mlb.com/news/press_releases/press_release.jsp?ymd=20081030&content_id=3655084&vkey=pr_cle&fext=.jsp&c_id=cle">the original</a> on September 16, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2010</span>. <q>Cleveland Indians third-year man Franklin Gutierrez won the 2008 Fielding Bible Award for right field in an announcement made November 1, 2008, in The Bill James Handbook 2009.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=cleveland.indians.mlb.com&rft.atitle=Franklin+Gutierrez+wins+the+2008+Fielding+Bible+Award+for+best+fielding+right+fielder+in+Major+League+Baseball&rft.date=2008-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcleveland.indians.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fpress_releases%2Fpress_release.jsp%3Fymd%3D20081030%26content_id%3D3655084%26vkey%3Dpr_cle%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Dcle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGleeman2010" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Gleeman" title="Aaron Gleeman">Gleeman, Aaron</a> (November 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hardballtalk.nbcsports.com/2010/11/01/yadier-molina-leads-fifth-annual-fielding-bible-awards/">"Yadier Molina leads fifth annual "Fielding Bible Awards"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NBCSports.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101103232951/http://hardballtalk.nbcsports.com/2010/11/01/yadier-molina-leads-fifth-annual-fielding-bible-awards/">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2010</span>. <q>Voted on by a 10-person panel that includes Bill James, Peter Gammons, Joe Posnanski, Rob Neyer, and John Dewan as well as the entire video scouting team at Baseball Info Solutions, the award sets out to recognize the best defensive player at each position, regardless of league.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBCSports.com&rft.atitle=Yadier+Molina+leads+fifth+annual+%22Fielding+Bible+Awards%22&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.aulast=Gleeman&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhardballtalk.nbcsports.com%2F2010%2F11%2F01%2Fyadier-molina-leads-fifth-annual-fielding-bible-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billjamesonline.com/a_sunset_over_the_hill/">"A sunset over the hill"</a>. Bill James Online. June 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+sunset+over+the+hill&rft.pub=Bill+James+Online&rft.date=2023-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billjamesonline.com%2Fa_sunset_over_the_hill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1984" class="citation news cs1">Miller, Glenn (April 28, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19840428&id=EaBSAAAAIBAJ&pg=6795,3730203">"Top Secret: Project Scoresheet to bring hidden facts to the fans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Independent" title="Evening Independent">Evening Independent</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Independent&rft.atitle=Top+Secret%3A+Project+Scoresheet+to+bring+hidden+facts+to+the+fans&rft.date=1984-04-28&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D950%26dat%3D19840428%26id%3DEaBSAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6795%2C3730203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEcker2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Ecker, Danny (May 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20140515/BLOGS04/140519841/stats-llc-sold-to-private-equity-firm">"Stats LLC sold to private-equity firm"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Crain%27s_Chicago_Business" title="Crain's Chicago Business">Crain's Chicago Business</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crain%27s+Chicago+Business&rft.atitle=Stats+LLC+sold+to+private-equity+firm&rft.date=2014-05-15&rft.aulast=Ecker&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagobusiness.com%2Farticle%2F20140515%2FBLOGS04%2F140519841%2Fstats-llc-sold-to-private-equity-firm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tht-interview-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tht-interview_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tht-interview_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaffe2008" class="citation web cs1">Jaffe, Chris (February 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hardballtimes.com/main/article/bill-james-interview/">"Bill James Interview"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hardball_Times" title="The Hardball Times">The Hardball Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080207094539/http://www.hardballtimes.com/main/article/bill-james-interview/">Archived</a> from the original on February 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hardball+Times&rft.atitle=Bill+James+Interview&rft.date=2008-02-04&rft.aulast=Jaffe&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hardballtimes.com%2Fmain%2Farticle%2Fbill-james-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nesn.com/2011/08/bill-james-explains-new-temperature-gauge-statistic-to-determine-how-hot-or-cold-a-hitter-is.html">"Bill James Explains New 'Temperature Gauge' Statistic to Determine How Hot or Cold a Hitter Is"</a>. <i>NESN</i>. 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July 16, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Should+Bill+James+Be+Fired%3F&rft.pub=Sportsradio+WEEI&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weei.com%2Fsports%2Fboston%2Fbaseball%2Fred-sox%2Fkirk-minihane%2F2012%2F07%2F16%2Fshould-bill-james-be-fired&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lincolnmitchell.com/blog/2013/10/17/bill-james-gets-it-wrong-on-penn-state">"Bill James Gets It Wrong on Penn State"</a>. The Faster Times. July 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+James+Gets+It+Wrong+on+Penn+State&rft.pub=The+Faster+Times&rft.date=2012-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flincolnmitchell.com%2Fblog%2F2013%2F10%2F17%2Fbill-james-gets-it-wrong-on-penn-state&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718034303/http://deadspin.com/5926087/bill-james-showering-with-boys-was-quite-common-in-america-40-years-ago">"Bill James: Showering With Boys Was "Quite Common In America 40 Years Ago"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deadspin" title="Deadspin">Deadspin</a>. July 15, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadspin.com/5926087/bill-james-showering-with-boys-was-quite-common-in-america-40-years-ago">the original</a> on July 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+James%3A+Showering+With+Boys+Was+%22Quite+Common+In+America+40+Years+Ago.&rft.pub=Deadspin&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeadspin.com%2F5926087%2Fbill-james-showering-with-boys-was-quite-common-in-america-40-years-ago&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeyer2012" class="citation web cs1">Neyer, Rob (July 16, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120719090120/http://mlb.sbnation.com/2012/7/16/3161844/bill-james-joe-paterno-jerry-sandusky">"Bill James and Joe Paterno"</a>. sbnation.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.sbnation.com/2012/7/16/3161844/bill-james-joe-paterno-jerry-sandusky">the original</a> on July 19, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+James+and+Joe+Paterno&rft.pub=sbnation.com&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft.aulast=Neyer&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.sbnation.com%2F2012%2F7%2F16%2F3161844%2Fbill-james-joe-paterno-jerry-sandusky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/blog/boston/red-sox/post/_/id/20987/james-asked-to-curb-paterno-talk">"James asked to curb Paterno talk"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. July 16, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=James+asked+to+curb+Paterno+talk&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fblog%2Fboston%2Fred-sox%2Fpost%2F_%2Fid%2F20987%2Fjames-asked-to-curb-paterno-talk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mlb.nbcsports.com/2018/11/07/red-sox-senior-advisor-bill-james-thinks-all-baseball-players-are-replaceable/">"Red Sox senior advisor Bill James thinks all baseball players are replaceable"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports" title="NBC Sports">NBC Sports</a>. November 7, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Red+Sox+senior+advisor+Bill+James+thinks+all+baseball+players+are+replaceable&rft.pub=NBC+Sports&rft.date=2018-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmlb.nbcsports.com%2F2018%2F11%2F07%2Fred-sox-senior-advisor-bill-james-thinks-all-baseball-players-are-replaceable%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames" class="citation book cs1">James, Bill. <i>The 1988 Bill James Baseball Abstract</i>. <a href="/wiki/Ballantine_Books" title="Ballantine Books">Ballantine Books</a>. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-35171-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-35171-1"><bdi>0-345-35171-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1988+Bill+James+Baseball+Abstract&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.isbn=0-345-35171-1&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sportsagentblog.com/2018/11/08/guest-post-continued-collusion-predicted-for-2018-19-mlb-free-agent-class-jeff-borris">"Continued Collusion Predicted for 2018-19 MLB Free Agent Class"</a>. Sports Agent Blog. November 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Continued+Collusion+Predicted+for+2018-19+MLB+Free+Agent+Class&rft.pub=Sports+Agent+Blog&rft.date=2018-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsportsagentblog.com%2F2018%2F11%2F08%2Fguest-post-continued-collusion-predicted-for-2018-19-mlb-free-agent-class-jeff-borris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-replaceable-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes-replaceable_48-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/08/sports/bill-james-twitter.html">"Bill James, No Stranger to Controversy, Believes His Current One Is 'Unfortunate'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. November 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+James%2C+No+Stranger+to+Controversy%2C+Believes+His+Current+One+Is+%E2%80%98Unfortunate%E2%80%99&rft.pub=The+New+York+Times&rft.date=2018-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F11%2F08%2Fsports%2Fbill-james-twitter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2011/05/14/136244180/inspecting-a-history-of-infamy-in-popular-crime">"Inspecting A History Of Infamy In 'Popular Crime'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inspecting+A+History+Of+Infamy+In+%27Popular+Crime%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2011%2F05%2F14%2F136244180%2Finspecting-a-history-of-infamy-in-popular-crime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFbilljamesonline2024" class="citation web cs1">@billjamesonline (January 26, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/billjamesonline/status/1750953956547694689">"About a week ago I suffered a stroke. I am more or less OK. I am not in ANY pain. I can walk normally and take care of myself, but my right hand is messed up and interferes with my ability to do things like tweet. Thank you all for your support"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+a+week+ago+I+suffered+a+stroke.+I+am+more+or+less+OK.+I+am+not+in+ANY+pain.+I+can+walk+normally+and+take+care+of+myself%2C+but+my+right+hand+is+messed+up+and+interferes+with+my+ability+to+do+things+like+tweet.+Thank+you+all+for+your+support.&rft.date=2024-01-26&rft.au=billjamesonline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fbilljamesonline%2Fstatus%2F1750953956547694689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="prospectus2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Prospectus" title="Baseball Prospectus">Baseball Prospectus</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v8AFaonsYEoC&q=mind%20game%20baseball%20prospectus&pg=PP1"><i>Mind Game: How the Boston Red Sox Got Smart, Won a World Series, and Created a New Blueprint for Winning</i></a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Workman_Publishing_Company" title="Workman Publishing Company">Workman Publishing Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7611-4018-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7611-4018-4"><bdi>978-0-7611-4018-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mind+Game%3A+How+the+Boston+Red+Sox+Got+Smart%2C+Won+a+World+Series%2C+and+Created+a+New+Blueprint+for+Winning&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Workman+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7611-4018-4&rft.au=Baseball+Prospectus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv8AFaonsYEoC%26q%3Dmind%2520game%2520baseball%2520prospectus%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lewis_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Lewis (author)">Lewis, Michael</a> (April 10, 2003). <i><a href="/wiki/Moneyball:_The_Art_of_Winning_an_Unfair_Game" title="Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game">Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game</a></i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton_%26_Company" title="W. W. Norton & Company">W. W. Norton & Company</a>. pp. 45–47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-05765-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-05765-8"><bdi>0-393-05765-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moneyball%3A+The+Art+of+Winning+an+Unfair+Game&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=45-47&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2003-04-10&rft.isbn=0-393-05765-8&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bill_James" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Bill James">Bill James</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bill_James" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Bill James"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Bill James</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billjamesonline.com/">Bill James Online</a> –interactions with James through statistics, articles, conversations and more</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111204112758/http://members.cox.net/sroneysabr/JamesIndex/">Works of Bill James</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maximumfun.org/blog/2008/04/podcast-bill-james-legendary-baseball.html">Audio interview</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Thorn" title="Jesse Thorn">Jesse Thorn</a>, public radio program <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_Young_America" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sound of Young America">The Sound of Young America</a></i> (April 29, 2008)</li> <li>Chronister, Levi (April 25, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2004/apr/25/grassroots_guru/">"Grassroots Guru"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Journal-World" title="Lawrence Journal-World">Lawrence Journal-World</a></i> (Lawrence, KS).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015841/http://www.baseballdigestdaily.com/bullpen/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=26">Interview at Baseball Digest Daily – Part I</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Digest" title="Baseball Digest">Baseball Digest</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818093016/http://www.baseballdigestdaily.com/bullpen/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=21&Itemid=26">Interview at Baseball Digest Daily – Part II</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823185454/http://www.baseballdigestdaily.com/bullpen/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=26">Interview at Baseball Digest Daily – Part III</a></li> <li>McGrath, Ben (July 14, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2003/07/14/the-professor-of-baseball">"The Professor of Baseball"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070629225203/http://www.opinionjournal.com/la/?id=110010232"><i>Wall Street Journal</i> profile</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkrent1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Okrent" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Okrent">Okrent, Daniel</a> (May 25, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090204030205/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1124493/1/index.htm">"He Does It by the Numbers"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1124493/1/index.htm">the original</a> on February 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=He+Does+It+by+the+Numbers&rft.date=1981-05-25&rft.aulast=Okrent&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1124493%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Craig_R._Wright" title="Craig R. Wright">Wright, Craig R.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitesoxinteractive.com/rwas/index.php?category=11&id=2066">"Dick Allen:Another View"</a>. White Sox Interactive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dick+Allen%3AAnother+View&rft.pub=White+Sox+Interactive&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Craig+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitesoxinteractive.com%2Frwas%2Findex.php%3Fcategory%3D11%26id%3D2066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+James" class="Z3988"></span> – contrary to James</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Schwarz" title="Alan Schwarz">Schwarz, Alan</a> (July 18, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061012175456/http://www.baseballamerica.com/today/majors/25thanniversary/261957.html#bjames">"25 For 25: Don Fehr, Peter Gammons, Pat Gillick, Bo Jackson, Bill James"</a>. <i>25 for 25: Stars in the </i>Baseball America<i> Universe</i>. <a href="/wiki/Baseball_America" title="Baseball America">Baseball America</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Henry" title="John W. Henry">Henry, John</a> (May 8, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100903180637/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1975813_1975844_1976446,00.html">"Scientists & Thinkers: Bill James"</a>. <i>The 2006 Time 100</i>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Surowiecki" title="James Surowiecki">Surowiecki, James</a> (June 10, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/id/2084193/">"Moneyball Redux: Slate talks to the man who revolutionized baseball."</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>.</li> <li>Lederer, Bill (February 28, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseballanalysts.com/archives/2005/02/breakfast_with.php">"Breakfast with Bill James"</a>. Baseball Analysts (baseballanalysts.com).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/n82087559">Bill James</a> at <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, with 18 library catalog records</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_football_(Australian_rules)" title="Fantasy football (Australian rules)">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_football_(association)" title="Fantasy football (association)">Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_football_(gridiron)" title="Fantasy football (gridiron)">gridiron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_golf" title="Fantasy golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_hockey" title="Fantasy hockey">Ice hockey</a></li> <li>Politics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Congress" title="Fantasy Congress">Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_wrestling" title="Fantasy wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_fantasy_sports" title="Daily fantasy sports">Daily fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_sports_stock_simulation" title="Fantasy sports stock simulation">Sports stock simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betting_pool" title="Betting pool">Sports pools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prominent companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBSSports.com" title="CBSSports.com">CBSSports.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DraftKings" title="DraftKings">DraftKings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FanDuel" title="FanDuel">FanDuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FantasyGuru.com" title="FantasyGuru.com">FantasyGuru.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PrizePicks" title="PrizePicks">PrizePicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RotoGrinders" title="RotoGrinders">RotoGrinders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RotoWire" title="RotoWire">RotoWire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Fantasy_Sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Fantasy Sports">Yahoo! Fantasy Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade associations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Sports_%26_Gaming_Association" title="Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association">Fantasy Sports & Gaming Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Sports_Writers_Association" title="Fantasy Sports Writers Association">Fantasy Sports Writers Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Berry" title="Matthew Berry">Matthew Berry</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Okrent" title="Daniel Okrent">Daniel Okrent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nate_Ravitz" title="Nate Ravitz">Nate Ravitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shandler" title="Ron Shandler">Ron Shandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephania_Bell" title="Stephania Bell">Stephania Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sickels" title="John Sickels">John Sickels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037014#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037014#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037014#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82087559">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36547544">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p324494556">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810565928405606">Poland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1285413">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&oldid=1249236958">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_James&oldid=1249236958</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bill_James" title="Category:Bill James">Bill James</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1949_births" title="Category:1949 births">1949 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a 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