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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Latin music from a year in the 1990s, go to <a href="/wiki/1990_in_Latin_music" title="1990 in Latin music">90</a> | <a href="/wiki/1991_in_Latin_music" title="1991 in Latin music">91</a> | <a href="/wiki/1992_in_Latin_music" title="1992 in Latin music">92</a> | <a href="/wiki/1993_in_Latin_music" title="1993 in Latin music">93</a> | <a href="/wiki/1994_in_Latin_music" title="1994 in Latin music">94</a> | <a href="/wiki/1995_in_Latin_music" title="1995 in Latin music">95</a> | <a href="/wiki/1996_in_Latin_music" title="1996 in Latin music">96</a> | <a href="/wiki/1997_in_Latin_music" title="1997 in Latin music">97</a> | <a href="/wiki/1998_in_Latin_music" title="1998 in Latin music">98</a> | <a href="/wiki/1999_in_Latin_music" title="1999 in Latin music">99</a></div> <table class="infobox"> <tbody><tr style="background:#f3f3f3;"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1980s_in_Latin_music" title="1980s in Latin music">1980s</a> <sup>.</sup> <b>1990s in Latin music</b> <sup>.</sup> <a href="/wiki/2000s_in_Latin_music" title="2000s in Latin music">2000s</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Selena_in_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Selena_in_1995.jpg/112px-Selena_in_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Selena_in_1995.jpg/169px-Selena_in_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Selena_in_1995.jpg/225px-Selena_in_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="1056" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Selena" title="Selena">Selena</a> was named Top Latin Artist of the 1990s by <i>Billboard</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>This article includes an overview of trends in <b><a href="/wiki/Latin_music" title="Latin music">Latin music</a> in the 1990s</b>, namely in <a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero-America</a> (including Spain and Portugal). This includes the rise and fall of various subgenres in Latin music from 1990 to 1999. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a> (RIAA), Latin music sales grew by almost 25% from 1996 to $490 million in 1997 ($909.818 million in 2022). There were 44.1 million Latin albums shipped in the United States. According to the RIAA, the increase in Latin music during this period is due to major record companies forming joint ventures with specialty indie labels familiar with the market, an increase of Latin artists on major labels providing them greater exposure, as well as an increase in radio stations playing Latin music which provided an expansion in Latin music awareness.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199855_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199855-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin_pop">Latin pop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Latin pop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:110px;max-width:110px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:135px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Luis_miguel_328_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg/108px-Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg/162px-Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg/216px-Luis_miguel_328_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="880" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The success of <a href="/wiki/Luis_Miguel" title="Luis Miguel">Luis Miguel</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Romance_(Luis_Miguel_album)" title="Romance (Luis Miguel album)">Romance</a></i> (1991) led to a renewed mainstream interest in the <a href="/wiki/Bolero" title="Bolero">bolero</a> genre in the Latin pop field.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:178px;max-width:178px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:135px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ricky_Martin_@AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_(17296059446).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg/176px-Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg/264px-Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg/352px-Ricky_Martin_%40AllPhones_Arena_Sydney_Australia_%2817296059446%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2371" data-file-height="1821" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Livin%27_la_Vida_Loca" title="Livin' la Vida Loca">Livin' la Vida Loca</a>" kickstarted the "Latin Pop Explosion" of the late 1990s.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Like the previous two decades, Latin pop was mainly dominated by <i><a href="/wiki/Latin_ballad" title="Latin ballad">baladas</a></i>. Unlike the Latin balladeers of the 1970s and 1980s however, Latin crooners in the 1990s such as <a href="/wiki/Luis_Miguel" title="Luis Miguel">Luis Miguel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cristian_Castro" title="Cristian Castro">Cristian Castro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Iglesias" title="Enrique Iglesias">Enrique Iglesias</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a>, were much younger (being in their 20s) and appealed to a more youthful audience.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Luis Miguel, whose early recordings consisted of <a href="/wiki/Soft_rock" title="Soft rock">soft rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pop_ballad" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop ballad">pop ballad</a> tunes,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> released <i><a href="/wiki/Romance_(Luis_Miguel_album)" title="Romance (Luis Miguel album)">Romance</a></i>, a collection of <a href="/wiki/Bolero" title="Bolero">bolero</a> covers, in 1991. The album's popularity led to a renewed interested in the genre in the Latin pop field.<sup id="cite_ref-ageless_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ageless-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Baladas</i> were not the only popular form of Latin pop music in the 1990s. Martin, despite the positive reactions of his first two ballad-laden albums, his 1991 <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin_(1991_album)" title="Ricky Martin (1991 album)">self-titled album</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Me_Amaras_(album)" title="Me Amaras (album)">Me Amaras</a></i> (1993), experimented with the sounds of the Spanish-speaking Caribbean for his third studio album <i><a href="/wiki/A_Medio_Vivir" title="A Medio Vivir">A Medio Vivir</a></i> (1995), despite the reluctance of his record label <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin" title="Sony Music Latin">Sony Discos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The album spawned the hit single, "<a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_(Ricky_Martin_song)" title="María (Ricky Martin song)">María</a>", which made the artist's popularity expand outside of Latin America, particularly in Europe. The song captured the attention of <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a>, who requested Martin to record the theme for the <a href="/wiki/1998_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1998 FIFA World Cup">1998 World Cup</a>. This led to the single "<a href="/wiki/The_Cup_of_Life" title="The Cup of Life">La Copa de la Vida</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-stavans_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stavans-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a>'s performance of the song at the <a href="/wiki/41st_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="41st Annual Grammy Awards">41st Annual Grammy Awards</a> on February 24, 1999, was said to be a "game-changer for Latin music worldwide" according to <i>Billboard</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/Leila_Cobo" title="Leila Cobo">Leila Cobo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The popularity of Martin's performance was followed by the release of his song, "<a href="/wiki/Livin%27_la_Vida_Loca" title="Livin' la Vida Loca">Livin' la Vida Loca</a>", became an international success, and was credited with for the starting "Latin Pop Explosion" in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other artists who became famous in the mid-1990s with the rhythmic take of Latin pop included Mexican singer <a href="/wiki/Fey_(singer)" title="Fey (singer)">Fey</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Timbiriche" title="Timbiriche">Timbiriche</a> member <a href="/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa" title="Thalía">Thalía</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around the same time, artists from Italy such as <a href="/wiki/Eros_Ramazzotti" title="Eros Ramazzotti">Eros Ramazzotti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laura_Pausini" title="Laura Pausini">Laura Pausini</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nek" title="Nek">Nek</a> successfully <a href="/wiki/Crossover_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover (music)">crossed over</a> to the Latin music field by recording Spanish-language versions hits of their songs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin_rock/alternative_and_rock_en_español"><span id="Latin_rock.2Falternative_and_rock_en_espa.C3.B1ol"></span>Latin rock/alternative and rock en español</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Latin rock/alternative and rock en español"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:180px;max-width:180px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:133px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg/178px-Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg/267px-Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg/356px-Man%C3%A1_-_Rock_in_Rio_Madrid_2012_-_66.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Man%C3%A1" title="Maná">Maná</a> became the first commercially successful <a href="/wiki/Rock_en_espa%C3%B1ol" title="Rock en español">rock en español</a> to cross-over the pop field due to <a href="/wiki/Latin_rock" title="Latin rock">Latin rock</a> rhythms.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:108px;max-width:108px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:133px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakira2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Shakira2009.jpg/106px-Shakira2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Shakira2009.jpg/159px-Shakira2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Shakira2009.jpg/212px-Shakira2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Colombian singer <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> became the first successful female rock en español artist to achieve popularity in Latin America.</div></div></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mexican_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican rock">Mexican rock</a> in the 1990s was a period of growth with several Mexican bands such <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Tacuba" title="Café Tacuba">Café Tacuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Gran_Silencio" title="El Gran Silencio">El Gran Silencio</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Plastilina_Mosh" title="Plastilina Mosh">Plastilina Mosh</a> fusing rock music other genres such as <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative</a> as well as other Latin rhythms. According to Janet Sturman's book, <i>The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Music and Culture</i> (2019): "The decade resulted in such a wide variety of styles that it became complicated to categorize all of them just as rock".<sup id="cite_ref-sage_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sage-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maná became one of the most well-known Latin rock band internationally due to their "prosaic but remarkably popular strain of Latin-influenced rock music".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elsewhere, particularly in South America, rock en español remained popular in Argentina. <a href="/wiki/Fito_P%C3%A1ez" title="Fito Páez">Fito Páez</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/El_amor_despu%C3%A9s_del_amor" title="El amor después del amor">El amor después del amor</a></i> (1992) became one of the best-selling albums in Argentina having been certified diamond by <a href="/wiki/CAPIF" class="mw-redirect" title="CAPIF">CAPIF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Colombian rock en español bands tended to sell more outside of their native country. When <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Pies_Descalzos" title="Pies Descalzos">Pies Descalzos</a></i> in 1995, she became the first <i>rockera</i> in the country to achieve success within and outside Colombia.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakira was dubbed the "Latina <a href="/wiki/Alanis_Morissette" title="Alanis Morissette">Alanis Morissette</a>" in the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Guatemala's <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Arjona" title="Ricardo Arjona">Ricardo Arjona</a> became known, not only for his <a href="/wiki/Pop_rock" title="Pop rock">pop rock</a> sound, but as well as his political and social commentaries in his albums.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Latin_alternative" title="Latin alternative">Latin alternative</a> bands emerged into popularity such as <a href="/wiki/Aterciopelados" title="Aterciopelados">Aterciopelados</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Cerati" title="Gustavo Cerati">Gustavo Cerati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illya_Kuryaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Illya Kuryaki">Illya Kuryaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_Chang%C3%B3" title="King Changó">King Changó</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Los_Amigos_Invisibles" title="Los Amigos Invisibles">Los Amigos Invisibles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_Mexican">Regional Mexican</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Regional Mexican"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:199px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg/151px-Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg/227px-Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg/302px-Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez..jpg 2x" data-file-width="2265" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Vicente Fernández">Vicente Fernández</a>'s son, <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a>, became one of the new faces of the <i>ranchera</i> by utilizing pop-strings on mariachi records.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:199px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg/133px-Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg/200px-Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg/266px-Alicia_Villarreal_-_Vive_Grupero_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Limite" class="mw-redirect" title="Grupo Limite">Grupo Limite</a> (former lead singer <a href="/wiki/Alicia_Villarreal" title="Alicia Villarreal">Alicia Villarreal</a> pictured) continued the popularity of the grupera genre.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>On January 10, 1990, <a href="/wiki/EMI_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="EMI Latin">EMI Latin</a> bought <a href="/wiki/Bob_Grever" title="Bob Grever">Bob Grever</a>'s Cara Records, beginning the golden age of <a href="/wiki/Tejano_music" title="Tejano music">Tejano music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199915_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199915-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski199684_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski199684-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tejano music's growth exploded,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as journalist Ramiro Burr put it as "a stubborn brushfire spread over the horizon", the genre converted radio stations into playing Tejano music.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199430-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This garnered the attention of record labels across the United States who were eager to expand their current rosters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Nashville</a> created <a href="/wiki/WEA_Latina" class="mw-redirect" title="WEA Latina">Warner Discos</a> specifically for Tejano artists <a href="/wiki/Crossover_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover (music)">crossing over</a> into country music while <a href="/wiki/Arista_Nashville" title="Arista Nashville">Arista Nashville</a> erected <a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Artista Texas</a> with the same objective.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek200023_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek200023-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other labels such as <a href="/wiki/PolyGram_Latino" class="mw-redirect" title="PolyGram Latino">PolyGram Latino</a> and WEA Latina began deliberations on opening operations to exclusively sign Tejano acts, while <a href="/wiki/Fonovisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Fonovisa">Fonovisa</a> began signing Tejano musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These incentives helped expanded performers' fanbases beyond Texas and the southwest,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it also brought the genre to territories unfamiliar with the genre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199430-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The golden age is generally considered by journalists to have ended on March 31, 1995, when <a href="/wiki/Selena" title="Selena">Selena</a> was <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Selena" title="Murder of Selena">shot and killed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaldana2015_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaldana2015-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tejano music posted a five consecutive year sales and concert attendance record beginning in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199915_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199915-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mario Tarradell of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a></i> wrote that the singles from <i><a href="/wiki/Amor_Prohibido" title="Amor Prohibido">Amor Prohibido</a></i> elevated Selena to success on Latin radio whose promoters had not previously taken the singer seriously.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETarradell1995_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETarradell1995-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of Selena's commercial success, female representation in Tejano music increased as record companies began investing heavily in that market, which historically had been inescapably male-dominated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002118_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002118-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1994, Tejano acts were effortlessly selling 100,000 units of their albums, while <a href="/wiki/La_Mafia" title="La Mafia">La Mafia</a> and Selena were the two most commercially successful Tejano artists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199430-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selena's music led the genre's 1990s revival and made it marketable for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUntiedt2013127_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUntiedt2013127-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchone1995_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchone1995-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw200550_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw200550-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002110_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002110-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tejano music is believed by <a href="/wiki/Jose_Behar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Behar">Jose Behar</a> to have hit Mexico "like an <a href="/wiki/Atomic_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomic bomb">atomic bomb</a>" by 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199430-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Tejano singer <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Navaira" title="Emilio Navaira">Emilio Navaira</a> decided on a crossover into American country music, preparations began for Selena's crossover into American pop music.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199943_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199943-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The singer was fatally wounded after a confrontation with a former associate of her fan club, and <a href="/wiki/Selena_Etc." title="Selena Etc.">boutiques</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski1996160–161_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski1996160–161-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selena's unfinished crossover album, <i><a href="/wiki/Dreaming_of_You_(Selena_album)" title="Dreaming of You (Selena album)">Dreaming of You</a></i> (1995), became the first mostly-Spanish album to debut and peak at number one on the US <a href="/wiki/Billboard_200" title="Billboard 200"><i>Billboard</i> 200</a> chart.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannert1995_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannert1995-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tejano music suffered and its popularity waned following Selena's death, and record labels began abandoning their Tejano artists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the mid-1990s, Tejano music was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Latin_pop" title="Latin pop">Latin pop</a> as the dominant Latin music genre in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2000_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski2000-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while radio stations in the US switched from Tejano to Regional Mexican music.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regional Mexican music radio stations began dominating the airways in California and in Chicago. Almost half of all reporting stations in the US for <i>Billboard</i> magazine were from regional Mexican music stations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199642_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199642-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1996, regional Mexican music genres such as <a href="/wiki/Banda_music" title="Banda music">banda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norte%C3%B1o_(music)" title="Norteño (music)">norteño</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ranchera" title="Ranchera">ranchera</a>, began experiencing explosive growth in the US and Mexico. Largely ignored by major record companies, regional Mexican music indie labels began joint ventures with major US and Mexican record companies interested in growing their footprint in the market. According to <a href="/wiki/Camelot_Music" title="Camelot Music">Camelot Music</a>, its chain of stores saw an increase in purchases of regional Mexican music by consumers throughout the country, including in states such as Ohio and Georgia, areas where regional Mexican music traditionally was not selling. According to Henry Cardenas, a music promoter based in Chicago, the rise in popularity of regional Mexican music was the artists' flexibility and overall positive attitudes compared to their Latin pop counterparts. Latin music artists such as salsa singer <a href="/wiki/Olga_Tanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Olga Tanon">Olga Tanon</a> and Tejano artists La Mafia, Navaira, and before her death Selena, began experimenting with regional Mexican music genres in their repertoires.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199635_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199635-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of an increase in immigration from Mexico into the US, <a href="/wiki/DISA" class="mw-redirect" title="DISA">DISA</a> saw an increase of 40% year-over-year by 1998 from their regional Mexican music artists. <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fernandez" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicente Fernandez">Vicente Fernandez</a>, who was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Latin_Music_Hall_of_Fame" title="Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame">Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame</a>, filled seven stadiums to their capacity in Colombia, as well as one in Los Angeles. His son, <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fernandez" class="mw-redirect" title="Alejandro Fernandez">Alejandro Fernandez</a> scaled to the top of the <i>Billboard</i> album charts within a few years span, and he became the first act to simultaneously peak atop the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Pop_Albums" title="Latin Pop Albums">Latin Pop Albums</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regional_Mexican_Albums" title="Regional Mexican Albums">Regional Mexican Albums</a> charts with <i><a href="/wiki/Me_Estoy_Enamorando_(album)" title="Me Estoy Enamorando (album)">Me Estoy Enamorando</a></i> (1997) and <i><a href="/wiki/Muy_Dentro_de_Mi_Corazon" class="mw-redirect" title="Muy Dentro de Mi Corazon">Muy Dentro de Mi Corazon</a></i> (1996), respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199849_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199849-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elsewhere in Mexico, the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_cumbia" title="Mexican cumbia">Mexican cumbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grupera" title="Grupera">grupera</a> continued to remain relevant in the Region Mexican field as they did in the 1980s, but by the late 1990s, both genres moved to a slower-paced rhythm. Grupera and Mexican cumbia artists such as <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Limite" class="mw-redirect" title="Grupo Limite">Grupo Limite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Bronco" class="mw-redirect" title="Grupo Bronco">Grupo Bronco</a>, and Los Mier dominated the grupera genre in the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tropical/salsa"><span id="Tropical.2Fsalsa"></span>Tropical/salsa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tropical/salsa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:116px;max-width:116px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg/114px-Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg/171px-Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg/228px-Marc_Anthony_2009_White_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="436" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Anthony" title="Marc Anthony">Marc Anthony</a> represented a new generation of younger salsa acts in the 1990s and would eventually the best-selling tropical/salsa artist of all-time</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg/170px-Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg/255px-Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg/340px-Buena_Vista_Social_Club_ZMF_2015_IMGP9157.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4728" data-file-height="3131" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Ry_Cooder" title="Ry Cooder">Ry Cooder</a>'s collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Social_Club" title="Buena Vista Social Club">Buena Vista Social Club</a> on their 1997 <a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Social_Club_(album)" title="Buena Vista Social Club (album)">self-titled</a> brought traditional Cuban music to an international audience.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Salsa_rom%C3%A1ntica" title="Salsa romántica">salsa romántica</a></i> movement, which dominated the late 1980s and continued to do so in the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-salsa_90s_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-salsa_90s-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artists who were backing vocalists such as <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rivera" title="Jerry Rivera">Jerry Rivera</a> and <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuelle" title="Víctor Manuelle">Víctor Manuelle</a> gained attention as soloists and adapted their form of Puerto Rican <i>salsa romántica</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rivera's album <i><a href="/wiki/Cuenta_Conmigo" title="Cuenta Conmigo">Cuenta Conmigo</a></i> (1992) became the best-selling salsa album since <i><a href="/wiki/Siembra" title="Siembra">Siembra</a></i> (1978) by <a href="/wiki/Willie_Col%C3%B3n" title="Willie Colón">Willie Colón</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Blades" title="Rubén Blades">Rubén Blades</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New York style of salsa music, which was dormant in the 1980s due to the decline of <a href="/wiki/Fania_Records" title="Fania Records">Fania Records</a>' popularity, saw a revival in the 1990s. Having founded the self-titled <a href="/wiki/RMM_Records_%26_Video" title="RMM Records & Video">RMM</a> in 1987, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Mercado" title="Ralph Mercado">Ralph Mercado</a> recruited <a href="/wiki/Sergio_George" title="Sergio George">Sergio George</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-salsa_90s_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-salsa_90s-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mercado, who had established himself a business promoter for salsa music, had recruited many salsa veterans from the Fania Records-era to his label including <a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tito_Puente" title="Tito Puente">Tito Puente</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oscar_D%27Leon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscar D'Leon">Oscar D'Leon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newer salsa acts such as such as <a href="/wiki/Marc_Anthony" title="Marc Anthony">Marc Anthony</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_India" title="La India">La India</a> worked with George to fuse salsa with the sounds of <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">R&B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">soul</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anthony would later become the best-selling tropical/salsa artist of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George further experimented with salsa and hip hip and formed <a href="/wiki/Dark_Latin_Groove" title="Dark Latin Groove">Dark Latin Groove</a> with frontman <a href="/wiki/Huey_Dunbar" title="Huey Dunbar">Huey Dunbar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dominican Republic <a href="/wiki/Merengue_music" title="Merengue music">merengue</a> also continued rival salsa in popularity.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wilfrido_Vargas" title="Wilfrido Vargas">Wilfrido Vargas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Ventura" title="Johnny Ventura">Johnny Ventura</a> were attributed to its success and began being accepted in Puerto Rico. However, due to the boycott of merengue orchestras by the Federation of Puerto Rican music in the island, several Puerto Rican merengue acts began to emerge.<sup id="cite_ref-merengue_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merengue-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These included <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Man%C3%ADa" title="Grupo Manía">Grupo Manía</a>, Los Sabrosos del Merengue, and <a href="/wiki/Limi-T_21" title="Limi-T 21">Limi-T 21</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former Grupo Manía member <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Crespo" title="Elvis Crespo">Elvis Crespo</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/Suavemente_(Elvis_Crespo_song)" title="Suavemente (Elvis Crespo song)">Suavemente</a>" became an international success and pushed the genre's popularity outside of Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-merengue_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merengue-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early-to-mid 1990s, Dominicans living in New York City fused the sounds of merengue and hip hop to create <a href="/wiki/Merenhouse" title="Merenhouse">merenhouse</a>. <a href="/wiki/Proyecto_Uno" title="Proyecto Uno">Proyecto Uno</a>'s "Tiburón" became the most well-known song in the merenrap field.<sup id="cite_ref-merengue_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merengue-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with Puerto Rico, Venezuelan adopted their form of merengue called technomerengue. The trend started in the late 1980s and continued in the early 1990s with acts as Los Fantasmas del Cariba, Karolina, and Los Melodicos.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also from the Dominican Republic is <a href="/wiki/Bachata_(music)" title="Bachata (music)">bachata</a>. This was generally regarded as lower-class music in the Dominican Republic and was ignored by the media. When Dominican Republic singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Guerra" title="Juan Luis Guerra">Juan Luis Guerra</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Bachata_Rosa" title="Bachata Rosa">Bachata Rosa</a></i> in 1990, led bachata to become a mainstream genre in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-oye_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oye-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <i>Bachata Rosa</i>, many other Dominican Republic artists have been recognized as important to the growth of the genre in the 1990s including <a href="/wiki/Luis_Vargas_(musician)" title="Luis Vargas (musician)">Luis Vargas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antony_Santos" title="Antony Santos">Antony Santos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raul%C3%ADn_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Raulín Rodríguez">Raulín Rodríguez</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Mart%C3%ADnez_(singer)" title="Elvis Martínez (singer)">Elvis Martínez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cuba" title="Music of Cuba">Cuban music</a> saw of resurgence of popularity in the decade. In 1993, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Estefan" title="Gloria Estefan">Gloria Estefan</a> (whose <a href="/wiki/Miami_Sound_Machine" title="Miami Sound Machine">Miami Sound Machine</a> band had popularized Latin pop sound to the Anglo market in the 1980s) released <i><a href="/wiki/Mi_Tierra" title="Mi Tierra">Mi Tierra</a></i>, her first album in Spanish. The record draws from the music of Cuban during the 1940s and 1950s including <a href="/wiki/Son_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Son music">son</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bolero" title="Bolero">boleros</a> and sold over a million copies in the United States alone.<sup id="cite_ref-stavans_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stavans-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-old_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four years later, American musician <a href="/wiki/Ry_Cooder" title="Ry Cooder">Ry Cooder</a> collaborated with Cuban musical group <a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Social_Club" title="Buena Vista Social Club">Buena Vista Social Club</a> to release their <a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Social_Club_(album)" title="Buena Vista Social Club (album)">self-titled album</a>. Despite the lack of promotion on radio stations the musicians being elderly, and the music in Spanish,<sup id="cite_ref-old_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the album found international success and sold over 12 million copies.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a similar vein to Miguel's <i>Romance</i>, in 1993 Colombian singer <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Vives" title="Carlos Vives">Carlos Vives</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A1sicos_de_la_Provincia" title="Clásicos de la Provincia">Clásicos de la Provincia</a></i>, a collection of classic vallenatos. The record exposed the genre to a wider audience outside of its native country as Vives gave the tracks an updated take.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_villera" title="Cumbia villera">cumbia villera</a></i> developed in the slums of Argentina in the mid-1990s. Although cumbia always had a following in the country, utilized keyboards and electric drums with the lyrics emphasizing on drugs, crime, and provocative sexual content.<sup id="cite_ref-sage_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sage-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rap_en_español"><span id="Rap_en_espa.C3.B1ol"></span>Rap en español</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rap en español"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:116px;max-width:116px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:184px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg/114px-Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg/171px-Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg/228px-Vico_-_C_en_Puerto_Rico_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="728" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:184px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:El_general_1993_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/El_general_1993_2.png/120px-El_general_1993_2.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/El_general_1993_2.png/180px-El_general_1993_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/El_general_1993_2.png/240px-El_general_1993_2.png 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="897" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vico_C" title="Vico C">Vico C</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/El_General" title="El General">El General</a> (right) were early pioneers of <a href="/wiki/Latin_hip_hop" title="Latin hip hop">Latin hip hop</a>.</div></div></div></div> <p>The success of <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a> in the Western world resonated with the poor working class of Latin America, especially within the <a href="/wiki/Afro-Latino" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Latino">Afro-Latino</a> community. Artists such as <a href="/wiki/Vico_C" title="Vico C">Vico C</a> and <a href="/wiki/El_General" title="El General">El General</a> experimented the sounds of hip hop with the sounds of Latin America. This would later give birth a new genre known as <a href="/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton">reggaeton</a> which became prevalent in the 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazilian/Portuguese"><span id="Brazilian.2FPortuguese"></span>Brazilian/Portuguese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Brazilian/Portuguese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:74px;max-width:74px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg/72px-Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg/108px-Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg/144px-Daniela_Mercury_-_Clarid%C3%A1lia_9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="4368" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Mercury" title="Daniela Mercury">Daniela Mercury</a> bought the axé music to a wider audience outside of the Afro-Brazilian circle</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:164px;max-width:164px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg/162px-00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg/243px-00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg/324px-00_sopracontrariar_bsb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3_Pra_Contrariar" title="Só Pra Contrariar">Só Pra Contrariar</a> was one of the most successful bands of the 1990s in Brazil.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>A new form of Afro-Brazilian music, known as <a href="/wiki/Ax%C3%A9_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Axé (music)">axé</a>, from the Bahía region, began to emerge in the late 1980s and continued into the early 1990s. <a href="/wiki/Daniela_Mercury" title="Daniela Mercury">Daniela Mercury</a>, a white Bahian singer, expanded the genre's popularity outside of the Afro-Brazilian community.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A form of <a href="/wiki/Samba_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Samba music">samba music</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Pagode" title="Pagode">pagode</a> was also very commercially success in the country during the 1990s with bands such as <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3_Pra_Contrariar" title="Só Pra Contrariar">Só Pra Contrariar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Best-selling_records">Best-selling records</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Best-selling records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Best-selling_albums">Best-selling albums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Best-selling albums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1999, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin" title="Sony Music Latin">Sony Discos</a> was named the most successful record label of the 1990s on the <a href="/wiki/Top_Latin_Albums" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Latin Albums">Top Latin Albums</a> chart. Below are the 10 best-selling albums of the decade from the record label according to <i>Billboard</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sony_discos_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sony_discos-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Album</th> <th>Artist </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mi_Tierra" title="Mi Tierra">Mi Tierra</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Estefan" title="Gloria Estefan">Gloria Estefan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Vuelve_(album)" title="Vuelve (album)">Vuelve</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Suavemente" title="Suavemente">Suavemente</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Crespo" title="Elvis Crespo">Elvis Crespo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Me_Estoy_Enamorando_(album)" title="Me Estoy Enamorando (album)">Me Estoy Enamorando</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B3nde_Est%C3%A1n_los_Ladrones%3F" title="Dónde Están los Ladrones?">Dónde Están los Ladrones?</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tango_(Julio_Iglesias_album)" title="Tango (Julio Iglesias album)">Tango</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Julio_Iglesias" title="Julio Iglesias">Julio Iglesias</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dance_with_Me:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="Dance with Me: Music from the Motion Picture">Dance with Me: Music from the Motion Picture</a></i> </td> <td>Various artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sentimientos_(album)" title="Sentimientos (album)">Sentimientos</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Zaa" title="Charlie Zaa">Charlie Zaa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADntame" title="Píntame">Píntame</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Crespo" title="Elvis Crespo">Elvis Crespo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89xitos_En_Vivo_(La_Mafia_album)" title="Éxitos En Vivo (La Mafia album)">Éxitos En Vivo</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Mafia" title="La Mafia">La Mafia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Best-performing_songs">Best-performing songs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Best-performing songs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1999, Sony Discos was named the most successful record label of the 1990s on the <a href="/wiki/Hot_Latin_Songs" title="Hot Latin Songs">Hot Latin Songs</a> chart. Below are the 10 best-performing songs of the decade from the record label according to <i>Billboard</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sony_discos_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sony_discos-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Single</th> <th>Artist </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Si_T%C3%BA_Supieras" title="Si Tú Supieras">Si Tú Supieras</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Yo_Nac%C3%AD_Para_Amarte" title="Yo Nací Para Amarte">Yo Nací Para Amarte</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Vuelve_(Ricky_Martin_song)" title="Vuelve (Ricky Martin song)">Vuelve</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Dejar%C3%ADa_Todo" title="Dejaría Todo">Dejaría Todo</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chayanne" title="Chayanne">Chayanne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Es_Demasiado_Tarde" title="Es Demasiado Tarde">Es Demasiado Tarde</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ana_Gabriel" title="Ana Gabriel">Ana Gabriel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Livin%27_la_Vida_Loca" title="Livin' la Vida Loca">Livin' la Vida Loca</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Martin" title="Ricky Martin">Ricky Martin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/No_S%C3%A9_Olvidar" title="No Sé Olvidar">No Sé Olvidar</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida_(La_Mafia_song)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vida (La Mafia song) (page does not exist)">Vida</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Mafia" title="La Mafia">La Mafia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/En_El_Jard%C3%ADn" title="En El Jardín">En El Jardín</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alejandro Fernández">Alejandro Fernández</a> featuring <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Estefan" title="Gloria Estefan">Gloria Estefan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Cosas_del_Amor_(song)" title="Cosas del Amor (song)">Cosas del Amor</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vikki_Carr" title="Vikki Carr">Vikki Carr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ana_Gabriel" title="Ana Gabriel">Ana Gabriel</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990s_in_music" title="1990s in music">1990s in music</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/22px-Conga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/32px-Conga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/43px-Conga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="990" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latin_music" title="Portal:Latin music">Latin music 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9w0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=SL680-PA22">"1999: The Year in Music"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 111, no. 52. Nielsen Business Media. 25 December 1999. p. YD-22. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=&album=&LanDesde_MM=1&LanDesde_AA=1980&LanHasta_MM=12&LanHasta_AA=2010&Galardon=O&Tipo=1&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP">the original</a> on 2011-07-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discos+de+oro+y+platino&rft.pub=C%C3%A1mara+Argentina+de+Productores+de+Fonogramas+y+Videogramas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capif.org.ar%2FDefault.asp%3FPerDesde_MM%3D0%26PerDesde_AA%3D0%26PerHasta_MM%3D0%26PerHasta_AA%3D0%26interprete%3D%26album%3D%26LanDesde_MM%3D1%26LanDesde_AA%3D1980%26LanHasta_MM%3D12%26LanHasta_AA%3D2010%26Galardon%3DO%26Tipo%3D1%26ACCION2%3D%2BBuscar%2B%26ACCION%3DBuscar%26CO%3D5%26CODOP%3DESOP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">"Ciudad rock en español" (in Spanish) (7–8). 1995: 30. <q>..y el más reciente El amor después del amor ( 92 ) , una de las discografías de mayor peso dentro del rock en español .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ciudad+rock+en+espa%C3%B1ol&rft.issue=7%E2%80%938&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCepeda2010" class="citation book cs1">Cepeda, Maria Elena (January 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AqVHWtc8X2cC&pg=PA69"><i>Musical ImagiNation: U.S-Colombian Identity and the Latin Music Boom</i></a>. NYU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-7225-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-7225-6"><bdi>978-0-8147-7225-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Musical+ImagiNation%3A+U.S-Colombian+Identity+and+the+Latin+Music+Boom&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2010-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-7225-6&rft.aulast=Cepeda&rft.aufirst=Maria+Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAqVHWtc8X2cC%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres1998" class="citation news cs1">Torres, Richard (December 20, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/279157689">"A Pop Confection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Newsday" title="Newsday">Newsday</a></i>. p. D25. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/279157689">279157689</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsday&rft.atitle=A+Pop+Confection&rft.pages=D25&rft.date=1998-12-20&rft.aulast=Torres&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F279157689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Hispanic Link Weekly Report". <b>25</b> (1–35). 2007: 7. <q>Arjona sings about political and social matters with pop - rock guitars laying the background</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hispanic+Link+Weekly+Report&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1%E2%80%9335&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLavin2000" class="citation journal cs1">Lavin, Enrique (April 17, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o7ym12bMTq4C&pg=PA50">"Industry Profile: Tomas Cookman"</a>. <i>CMJ New Music Report</i>. <b>62</b> (662): 50. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0890-0795">0890-0795</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CMJ+New+Music+Report&rft.atitle=Industry+Profile%3A+Tomas+Cookman&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=662&rft.pages=50&rft.date=2000-04-17&rft.issn=0890-0795&rft.aulast=Lavin&rft.aufirst=Enrique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do7ym12bMTq4C%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199915-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199915_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199915_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurr1999">Burr 1999</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski199684-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski199684_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatoski1996">Patoski 1996</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638,_40–46_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLannertBurr1996">Lannert & Burr 1996</a>, pp. 38, 40–46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199430-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199430_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurr1994">Burr 1994</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek200023-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek200023_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek2000">Maciel, Ortiz & Herrera-Sobek 2000</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199638_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLannertBurr1996">Lannert & Burr 1996</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2020_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatoski2020">Patoski 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaldana2015-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaldana2015_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaldana2015">Saldana 2015</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETarradell1995-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETarradell1995_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTarradell1995">Tarradell 1995</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002118-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002118_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSan_Miguel2002">San Miguel 2002</a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUntiedt2013127-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUntiedt2013127_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUntiedt2013">Untiedt 2013</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchone1995-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchone1995_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchone1995">Schone 1995</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw200550-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw200550_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShaw2005">Shaw 2005</a>, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002110-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002110_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSan_Miguel2002">San Miguel 2002</a>, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199943-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199943_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurr1999">Burr 1999</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski1996160–161-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski1996160–161_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatoski1996">Patoski 1996</a>, pp. 160–161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELannert1995-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannert1995_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLannert1995">Lannert 1995</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Miguel2002a_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSan_Miguel2002a">San Miguel 2002a</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatoski2000-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatoski2000_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatoski2000">Patoski 2000</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199642-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199642_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLannertBurr1996">Lannert & Burr 1996</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199635-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELannertBurr199635_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLannertBurr1996">Lannert & Burr 1996</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurr199849-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurr199849_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurr1998">Burr 1998</a>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL'HoesteVila2013" class="citation book cs1">L'Hoeste, Héctor Fernández; Vila, Pablo (29 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vDy2AgAAQBAJ&dq=grupera%20alicia%20villareal%20%2090s&pg=PA93"><i>Cumbia!: Scenes of a Migrant Latin American Music Genre</i></a>. Duke University Press. p. 93. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-9192-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-9192-0"><bdi>978-0-8223-9192-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cumbia%21%3A+Scenes+of+a+Migrant+Latin+American+Music+Genre&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-9192-0&rft.aulast=L%27Hoeste&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9ctor+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.au=Vila%2C+Pablo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvDy2AgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dgrupera%2520alicia%2520villareal%2520%252090s%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-salsa_90s-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-salsa_90s_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-salsa_90s_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaxer2013" class="citation book cs1">Waxer, Lise (12 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3UUVAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22salsa%20romantica%22%201980s%201990s&pg=PA101"><i>Situating Salsa: Global Markets and Local Meanings in Latin Popular Music</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 101, 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-72541-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-72541-9"><bdi>978-1-135-72541-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Situating+Salsa%3A+Global+Markets+and+Local+Meanings+in+Latin+Popular+Music&rft.pages=101%2C+103&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-11-12&rft.isbn=978-1-135-72541-9&rft.aulast=Waxer&rft.aufirst=Lise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3UUVAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522salsa%2520romantica%2522%25201980s%25201990s%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteward1999" class="citation book cs1">Steward, Sue (October 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=66VX3BFD-egC&dq=%22salsa%20romantica%22%20jerry%20rivera&pg=PA103"><i>Musica!: The Rhythm of Latin America - Salsa, Rumba, Merengue, and More</i></a>. Chronicle Books. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-2566-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-2566-5"><bdi>978-0-8118-2566-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Musica%21%3A+The+Rhythm+of+Latin+America+-+Salsa%2C+Rumba%2C+Merengue%2C+and+More&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=1999-10&rft.isbn=978-0-8118-2566-5&rft.aulast=Steward&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D66VX3BFD-egC%26dq%3D%2522salsa%2520romantica%2522%2520jerry%2520rivera%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValdes1994" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Valdes, Fabio (9 February 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/368395873">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Cara de Nino' en Concierto de Amor"</a>. <i>El Diario La Prensa</i> (in Spanish). p. 38. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/368395873">368395873</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>. <q>Estos hechos hizo de 'Cuenta Conmigo' el disco de salsa de más venta desde el legendario 'Siembra:' de Willie Colón y Rubén Blades, manteniéndose en el primer lugar de los rankings de ventas de la mundialmente famosa revista Bilboard por más de tres meses.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Diario+La+Prensa&rft.atitle=%27Cara+de+Nino%27+en+Concierto+de+Amor&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1994-02-09&rft.aulast=Valdes&rft.aufirst=Fabio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F368395873&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemeseira2010" class="citation book cs1">Remeseira, Claudio Iván (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wo4sOpOV68wC&dq=%22ralph%20mercado%22%20%22celia%20cruz%22%20puente&pg=PA387"><i>Hispanic New York: A Sourcebook</i></a>. Columbia University Press. p. 387. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14819-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14819-1"><bdi>978-0-231-14819-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hispanic+New+York%3A+A+Sourcebook&rft.pages=387&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-231-14819-1&rft.aulast=Remeseira&rft.aufirst=Claudio+Iv%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWo4sOpOV68wC%26dq%3D%2522ralph%2520mercado%2522%2520%2522celia%2520cruz%2522%2520puente%26pg%3DPA387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJong2022" class="citation book cs1">Jong, Nanette de (4 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S0t6EAAAQBAJ&q=%22sergio+george%22+%22marc+anthony%22+india+salsa+%22r&pg=PA43"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Caribbean Music</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-42192-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-42192-8"><bdi>978-1-108-42192-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Caribbean+Music&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2022-08-04&rft.isbn=978-1-108-42192-8&rft.aulast=Jong&rft.aufirst=Nanette+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS0t6EAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522sergio%2Bgeorge%2522%2B%2522marc%2Banthony%2522%2Bindia%2Bsalsa%2B%2522r%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLatimer2016" class="citation web cs1">Latimer, Brian (February 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/marc-anthony-just-beat-guinness-world-record-n513961">"Marc Anthony Just Beat a Guinness World Record"</a>. <i>NBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Marc+Anthony+Just+Beat+a+Guinness+World+Record&rft.date=2016-02-09&rft.aulast=Latimer&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Flatino%2Fmarc-anthony-just-beat-guinness-world-record-n513961&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBush" class="citation web cs1">Bush, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dlg-dark-latin-groove-mn0000953873/biography">"DLG (Dark Latin Groove) | Biography & History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210501005836/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dlg-dark-latin-groove-mn0000953873/biography">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DLG+%28Dark+Latin+Groove%29+%7C+Biography+%26+History&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fdlg-dark-latin-groove-mn0000953873%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez1998" class="citation magazine cs1">Rodriguez, Nelson (September 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171230114611/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21139246.html">"A look at contemporary Merengue. (género de música Latinoamericana)(TA: Latin American music genre)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Latin_Beat_Magazine" title="Latin Beat Magazine">Latin Beat Magazine</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-21139246.html">the original</a> on December 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Latin+Beat+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+look+at+contemporary+Merengue.+%28g%C3%A9nero+de+m%C3%BAsica+Latinoamericana%29%28TA%3A+Latin+American+music+genre%29&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-21139246.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-merengue-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-merengue_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-merengue_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-merengue_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSellers2004" class="citation book cs1">Sellers, Julie A. (1 October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=37lhELyHYCIC&dq=%22wilfrido%20vargas%22%20%22puerto%20rico%22%20merengue&pg=PA168"><i>Merengue and Dominican Identity: Music as National Unifier</i></a>. McFarland. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1815-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1815-2"><bdi>978-0-7864-1815-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merengue+and+Dominican+Identity%3A+Music+as+National+Unifier&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-1815-2&rft.aulast=Sellers&rft.aufirst=Julie+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D37lhELyHYCIC%26dq%3D%2522wilfrido%2520vargas%2522%2520%2522puerto%2520rico%2522%2520merengue%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>El merengue en la cultura dominicana y del Caribe : memorias del Primer Congreso Internacional "Música, Identidad y Cultura en el Caribe"</i>. Santiago de los Caballeros: Centro Leon. 2006. p. 222. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789945851977" title="Special:BookSources/9789945851977"><bdi>9789945851977</bdi></a>. <q>En la década de 1990 , la mejor época para el merengue en función de la difusión en Puerto Rico, acapararon la atención de los medios grupos puertorriqueños como : Los Sabrosos del merengue, Grupo Manía, Límite 21...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+merengue+en+la+cultura+dominicana+y+del+Caribe+%3A+memorias+del+Primer+Congreso+Internacional+%22M%C3%BAsica%2C+Identidad+y+Cultura+en+el+Caribe%22&rft.place=Santiago+de+los+Caballeros&rft.pages=222&rft.pub=Centro+Leon&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9789945851977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheky2016" class="citation web cs1">Cheky (21 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://remezcla.com/lists/music/a-look-back-at-tecnomerengue/">"A Look Back at Tecnomerengue, the Kitschy 80s Genre Played at Every Venezuelan Birthday"</a>. Remezcla<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Look+Back+at+Tecnomerengue%2C+the+Kitschy+80s+Genre+Played+at+Every+Venezuelan+Birthday&rft.pub=Remezcla&rft.date=2016-09-21&rft.au=Cheky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fremezcla.com%2Flists%2Fmusic%2Fa-look-back-at-tecnomerengue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oye-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oye_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHernandez2009" class="citation book cs1">Hernandez, Deborah (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zNcJkzg1OuQC&q=%22bachata+rosa%22&pg=PA90"><i>Oye como va!: hybridity and identity in Latino popular music</i></a>. Philadelphia, US: Temple University Press. p. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4399-0090-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4399-0090-1"><bdi>978-1-4399-0090-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211030003648/https://books.google.com/books?id=zNcJkzg1OuQC&q=%22bachata+rosa%22&pg=PA90">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oye+como+va%21%3A+hybridity+and+identity+in+Latino+popular+music&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+US&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4399-0090-1&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzNcJkzg1OuQC%26q%3D%2522bachata%2Brosa%2522%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRojasMichie2013" class="citation book cs1">Rojas, Eunice; Michie, Lindsay (October 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7WmjAQAAQBAJ&dq=juan+luis+guerra+Bachata+Rosa+song&pg=PA382"><i>Sounds of Resistance: The Role of Music in Multicultural Activism [2 volumes]: The Role of Music in Multicultural Activism</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39806-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39806-3"><bdi>978-0-313-39806-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sounds+of+Resistance%3A+The+Role+of+Music+in+Multicultural+Activism+%5B2+volumes%5D%3A+The+Role+of+Music+in+Multicultural+Activism&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2013-10-08&rft.isbn=978-0-313-39806-3&rft.aulast=Rojas&rft.aufirst=Eunice&rft.au=Michie%2C+Lindsay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7WmjAQAAQBAJ%26dq%3Djuan%2Bluis%2Bguerra%2BBachata%2BRosa%2Bsong%26pg%3DPA382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-old-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-old_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-old_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCobo2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Cobo, Leila (28 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cg8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA22">"What's Old is New"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 119, no. 30. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=What%27s+Old+is+New&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=30&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2007-07-28&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft.aulast=Cobo&rft.aufirst=Leila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcg8EAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCobo2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Cobo, Leila (18 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/buena-vista-social-club-album-oral-history-9646459/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I Knew We Were Doing Something Important': Buena Vista Social Club Remembered, 25 Years Later"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=%27I+Knew+We+Were+Doing+Something+Important%27%3A+Buena+Vista+Social+Club+Remembered%2C+25+Years+Later&rft.date=2021-10-18&rft.aulast=Cobo&rft.aufirst=Leila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fmusic%2Flatin%2Fbuena-vista-social-club-album-oral-history-9646459%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBroughtonEllinghamTrilloDuane2000" class="citation book cs1">Broughton, Simon; Ellingham, Mark; Trillo, Richard; Duane, Orla; McConnachie, James (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QzX8THIgRjUC&pg=PA377"><i>World Music: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific</i></a>. Rough Guides. pp. 376–377. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85828-636-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85828-636-5"><bdi>978-1-85828-636-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Music%3A+Latin+and+North+America%2C+Caribbean%2C+India%2C+Asia+and+Pacific&rft.pages=376-377&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-85828-636-5&rft.aulast=Broughton&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.au=Ellingham%2C+Mark&rft.au=Trillo%2C+Richard&rft.au=Duane%2C+Orla&rft.au=McConnachie%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQzX8THIgRjUC%26pg%3DPA377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLechner2006" class="citation book cs1">Lechner, Ernesto (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_dq1QsX5MccC&pg=PA233"><i>Rock en Español: The Latin Alternative Rock Explosion</i></a>. Chicago Review Press. p. 233. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55652-603-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55652-603-9"><bdi>978-1-55652-603-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rock+en+Espa%C3%B1ol%3A+The+Latin+Alternative+Rock+Explosion&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55652-603-9&rft.aulast=Lechner&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_dq1QsX5MccC%26pg%3DPA233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorres2013" class="citation book cs1">Torres, George (27 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MX5BXxjwV9cC&pg=PA16"><i>Encyclopedia of Latin American Popular Music</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-08794-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-08794-3"><bdi>978-0-313-08794-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Latin+American+Popular+Music&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2013-03-27&rft.isbn=978-0-313-08794-3&rft.aulast=Torres&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMX5BXxjwV9cC%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalinsky2013" class="citation book cs1">Galinsky, Philip (16 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G0hdAgAAQBAJ&dq=pagode%201990s&pg=PA186"><i>Maracatu Atomico: Tradition, Modernity, and Postmodernity in the Mangue Movement of Recife, Brazil</i></a>. Routledge. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-71721-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-71721-5"><bdi>978-1-136-71721-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maracatu+Atomico%3A+Tradition%2C+Modernity%2C+and+Postmodernity+in+the+Mangue+Movement+of+Recife%2C+Brazil&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.isbn=978-1-136-71721-5&rft.aulast=Galinsky&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG0hdAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dpagode%25201990s%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sony_discos-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sony_discos_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sony_discos_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayfield1999" class="citation magazine cs1">Mayfield, Geoff (November 20, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fwgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA74">"Charting Sony Discos' Success"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 111, no. 47. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Charting+Sony+Discos%27+Success&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=47&rft.pages=74&rft.date=1999-11-20&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft.aulast=Mayfield&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfwgEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurr1994" class="citation magazine cs1">Burr, Ramiro (April 23, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RQgEAAAAMBAJ">"Tejano"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 106, no. 17. pp. 30, 32, 34<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Tejano&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=30%2C+32%2C+34&rft.date=1994-04-23&rft.aulast=Burr&rft.aufirst=Ramiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRQgEAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurr1998" class="citation magazine cs1">Burr, Ramiro (July 25, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9gkEAAAAMBAJ">"Hats Off to the Music of Regional Mexican"</a>. <i>Billboard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Hats+Off+to+the+Music+of+Regional+Mexican&rft.date=1998-07-25&rft.aulast=Burr&rft.aufirst=Ramiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9gkEAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurr1999" class="citation book cs1">Burr, Ramiro (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/billboardguideto00burr"><i>The Billboard Guide to Tejano and Regional Mexican Music</i></a></span>. Billboard books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8230-7691-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8230-7691-1"><bdi>0-8230-7691-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Billboard+Guide+to+Tejano+and+Regional+Mexican+Music&rft.pub=Billboard+books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8230-7691-1&rft.aulast=Burr&rft.aufirst=Ramiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbillboardguideto00burr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLannert1995" class="citation magazine cs1">Lannert, John (August 5, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xwsEAAAAMBAJ">"Selena's Dreaming of You is Bittersweet Hit for Late EMI Star"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 107, no. 31. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Selena%27s+Dreaming+of+You+is+Bittersweet+Hit+for+Late+EMI+Star&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=31&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1995-08-05&rft.aulast=Lannert&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxwsEAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLannertBurr1996" class="citation magazine cs1">Lannert, John; Burr, Ramiro (August 17, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wQcEAAAAMBAJ">"Regional Mexican Music"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. Vol. 108, no. 33<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Regional+Mexican+Music&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=33&rft.date=1996-08-17&rft.aulast=Lannert&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Burr%2C+Ramiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwQcEAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacielOrtizHerrera-Sobek2000" class="citation book cs1">Maciel, David; Ortiz, Isidro D.; Herrera-Sobek, Mar'a (2000). <i>Chicano renaissance : contemporary cultural trends</i>. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. p. 330. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816520216" title="Special:BookSources/0816520216"><bdi>0816520216</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chicano+renaissance+%3A+contemporary+cultural+trends&rft.place=Tucson&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0816520216&rft.aulast=Maciel&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Ortiz%2C+Isidro+D.&rft.au=Herrera-Sobek%2C+Mar%27a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatoski1996" class="citation book cs1">Patoski, Joe Nick (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/selenacomolaflor00pato_0"><i>Selena: Como La Flor</i></a>. Boston: Little Brown and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-69378-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-69378-2"><bdi>0-316-69378-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selena%3A+Como+La+Flor&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-316-69378-2&rft.aulast=Patoski&rft.aufirst=Joe+Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fselenacomolaflor00pato_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatoski2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Patoski, Joe Nick (May 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texasmonthly.com/content/tuned-out">"Tuned Out"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Monthly" title="Texas Monthly">Texas Monthly</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Texas+Monthly&rft.atitle=Tuned+Out&rft.date=2000-05&rft.aulast=Patoski&rft.aufirst=Joe+Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.texasmonthly.com%2Fcontent%2Ftuned-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatoski2020" class="citation news cs1">Patoski, Joe Nick (March 23, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cowboysindians.com/2020/03/timeline-of-tejano-music/">"A Timeline of Tejano Music"</a>. <i>Cowboys & Indians</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cowboys+%26+Indians&rft.atitle=A+Timeline+of+Tejano+Music&rft.date=2020-03-23&rft.aulast=Patoski&rft.aufirst=Joe+Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cowboysindians.com%2F2020%2F03%2Ftimeline-of-tejano-music%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaldana2015" class="citation news cs1">Saldana, Hector (August 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Tejano-music-enjoyed-a-decade-long-golden-age-6447952.php">"Tejano music enjoyed a decade-long golden age"</a>. <i>My San Antonio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=My+San+Antonio&rft.atitle=Tejano+music+enjoyed+a+decade-long+golden+age&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.aulast=Saldana&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mysanantonio.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticle%2FTejano-music-enjoyed-a-decade-long-golden-age-6447952.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSan_Miguel2002" class="citation book cs1">San Miguel, Guadalupe (2002). <i>Tejano Proud</i>. Texas A&M University Press. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1585441880" title="Special:BookSources/1585441880"><bdi>1585441880</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tejano+Proud&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=Texas+A%26M+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1585441880&rft.aulast=San+Miguel&rft.aufirst=Guadalupe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSan_Miguel2002a" class="citation book cs1">San Miguel, Guadalupe (2002a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1029&context=naccs">"When Tejano Ruled The Airways: The Rise and Fall of KQQK in Houston, Texas"</a>. <i>NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings</i> (PDF). Vol. 13. <a href="/wiki/Western_Association_of_Schools_and_Colleges" title="Western Association of Schools and Colleges">Western Association of Schools and Colleges</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_State_University" title="San Jose State University">SJSU ScholarWorks</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=When+Tejano+Ruled+The+Airways%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+KQQK+in+Houston%2C+Texas&rft.btitle=NACCS+Annual+Conference+Proceedings&rft.pub=Western+Association+of+Schools+and+Colleges&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=San+Miguel&rft.aufirst=Guadalupe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.sjsu.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1029%26context%3Dnaccs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchone1995" class="citation news cs1">Schone, Mark (April 20, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130131162319/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/20467875.html?dids=20467875:20467875&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+20,+1995&author=By+Mark+Schone.+Mark+Schone+is+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Postmortem+Star+In+death,+Selena+is+a+crossover+success&pqatl=google">"A Postmortem Star in death, Selena is a crossover success"</a>. <i>Newsday</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/20467875.html?dids=20467875:20467875&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+20%2C+1995&author=By+Mark+Schone.+Mark+Schone+is+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Postmortem+Star+In+death%2C+Selena+is+a+crossover+success&pqatl=google">the original</a> on January 31, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsday&rft.atitle=A+Postmortem+Star+in+death%2C+Selena+is+a+crossover+success&rft.date=1995-04-20&rft.aulast=Schone&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fnewsday%2Faccess%2F20467875.html%3Fdids%3D20467875%3A20467875%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DApr%2B20%252C%2B1995%26author%3DBy%2BMark%2BSchone.%2BMark%2BSchone%2Bis%2Ba%2Bfree-lance%2Bwriter.%26pub%3DNewsday%2B%28Combined%2Beditions%29%26desc%3DA%2BPostmortem%2BStar%2BIn%2Bdeath%252C%2BSelena%2Bis%2Ba%2Bcrossover%2Bsuccess%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2005" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Lisa (2005). <i>Pop Culture Latin America!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle</i>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85109-504-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85109-504-7"><bdi>1-85109-504-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pop+Culture+Latin+America%21%3A+Media%2C+Arts%2C+and+Lifestyle&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-85109-504-7&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarradell1995" class="citation news cs1">Tarradell, Mario (April 1, 1995). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DM&p_theme=dm&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0ED3D5B623415D08&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Singer soared beyond traditional limits on Tejano music"</a></span>. <i>The Dallas Morning News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dallas+Morning+News&rft.atitle=Singer+soared+beyond+traditional+limits+on+Tejano+music&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.aulast=Tarradell&rft.aufirst=Mario&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DDM%26p_theme%3Ddm%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0ED3D5B623415D08%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUntiedt2013" class="citation book cs1">Untiedt, Kenneth L. (2013). <i>Cowboys, Cops, Killers, and Ghosts: Legends and Lore in Texas</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Press" title="University of North Texas Press">University of North Texas Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57441-532-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57441-532-2"><bdi>978-1-57441-532-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cowboys%2C+Cops%2C+Killers%2C+and+Ghosts%3A+Legends+and+Lore+in+Texas&rft.pub=University+of+North+Texas+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-57441-532-2&rft.aulast=Untiedt&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1990s+in+Latin+music" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&oldid=1245081440">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1990s_in_Latin_music&oldid=1245081440</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1990s_in_Latin_music" title="Category:1990s in Latin music">1990s in Latin music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1990s_in_music" title="Category:1990s in music">1990s in music</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 September 2024, at 22:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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