CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135801fea50f8d0',cH: '_r0a3nMdVZw.Tw4s4.0jzQ6ZL.hLDLcRkWgh7y8usiA-1739792404-1.2.1.1-YNJde6sQgQ_yOCEhoAi_YseRw4aN8M2Doe8fHt0nBs1gN0SEdYPYkqeTeI9D8UAH',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=strategic%20alliances&__cf_chl_tk=lnEl8n8.NBKWByFgN5EBCr1pxy1lMFg_1H.QRFtaans-1739792404-1.0.1.1-_rxy9onIjz2POEmw2kzTJtoWiAf749l89XU_uYjQx14",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739792404',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=strategic%20alliances&__cf_chl_f_tk=lnEl8n8.NBKWByFgN5EBCr1pxy1lMFg_1H.QRFtaans-1739792404-1.0.1.1-_rxy9onIjz2POEmw2kzTJtoWiAf749l89XU_uYjQx14",md: "PHWbB98Ntpan3BJCDN7JlaXIlofit5dhjF7UWydLaic-1739792404-1.2.1.1-VYBLjV8_9r1BqR_7QMvNvOe0snMIxtRJR1Nqu.FapGoLCTL73DCmLomB3YwUqDT0PqRThlW7bdjeSjF8x7a72px2bg8vUJ3euYgkcTpL0alcDITnR4KNxhAEyQoF9PhU.FkfVj_48FooDta8x6xA8n8Vafv8XwSPi8Uaj.pvVQ3us7lSMYTNo_gOeGFiJheel8p7wES.Qf5lAOAwTMaCnZKeUrkFnwR.DH8aSKszyBvPsyxfw.lM6oUzeFFUbH5JnDE9nP6ltL.mDZNJPFuQjWiUdyyz4W6RJSn1Drcwx.yICr5ejPNJHcUejt4OMrN5C3oRPUOQlLgjNiKFUupa8jJP.6nrV2jCu3OpcLHAznQ.d3n.hS5N_gC0jI9mFJa7DEgXuNA3Hcg.sYVB7yyJmzAkgfrS3czfzity7u.0lNOjJEtyyAUNSlEalc_DI7I1aJ8_larRsqo1_fNK.IdR3SxFBKdVu4mDsrcxeIsBk5U1eCIWiKg6TC_OXp_bPlC7mf1kAxQ4X_o10IoRdMf4idUlFdz9kGxX6yTFR3Zl6hxfWnLBRKPNDQFdBI_hBdnYgPufm2UCEJtHgoYNm7GKXeWLzxQp0HoopzHcnMIKoa4uKnP5OKd3E3LcNm3OadVSQD3ZkHbwCS3933jMtyITwuzY.D3UlAIP8NFxdcCGZ8AsuhOJyAPU4wu2R5NzP.JMnLrS0ysrQrxlmtVkwi4WxHxMu5LOtZMYxhPIU3zYoYqicvJWBWMCxu9e1lmjNBm324mXyb4LS.ZWLxwvCiPSYsNU9pWxJ.O8rC0qrHxGNJG.fQfO6XtsUsR8GRV4Wrd2A4VW5a.HdpXWowMZC9t4mxr.26D8JD7Gr7mwkFeUA6dyHGV9.7Rnd_1iv6c_Mql1.6_ay7ZhFLNo_hlePF6u0RvQtghk99BKGiNtsqcE0Cb333FJYJMhvjiK1lo3GQJMHytRKgHLYHIQaz2koTc9ZnlgGYmkBUz_oc8Q_RFzKkfhCURQD1VQT6EVyzWbK5yneKOddZJePcS8umL2cyzB1HKdLtLUMO5T2bH.k18waboSIGQZmX3Bn7BdkAeHJDxH5bsyYPR_KwPFg0qLB4eaHNkhbULaH6jseknVZAMkvZqakF9jUH3f4B4N2Xlfdw_yfboL3gPGp331ySsl4M6MtwrnTg.k0GXSCTHekFUJA0iHwMeHx.emvmf6i3eZ4KrMdEytDQZHENNiEiIxm5ZcgCN6hdlPtCaWH6Ou8SgXgtIg6UVQcarwT8vcJeJy.aPY5oVi58U6Isg3fR5HjioSQ.D1q9pmTmtJASyd_2KOWGPXvcgiGft0HAdqm_lYytuIy3TWBlsQa0k7q8Y3nKhk3v0W00tS.Kva4orIjIzxcwsATZflaOZvlFYkzZanZEsEDu2lbTtuLzXIzMhVX4Z4mfj7nCTHde6S90IeMgsNL6.kPAbHebqhrD4kl54KcgkDhcaCH1imNyUsynnPa8xPve7O6ZjC3KpHlZ3gwghEJzp2w76gPe88leK2TjESti7sJLdOnqTZGjACWdNJTKOyF_6qF8_bZUbs4r7tVF1Ap4iB5cwfRPpQX7G8lJHvVuECwiIpnE5uhnJF85WfFV9WcnkdY6NLx.eLxWhhKkEPxqP9irpUyJDHu0SPk2nZYW2V3imzXxC0DbnJ4rUoLLmsLwcvaq68ZQD89peShBv8wtn1Pv0MLOh6vTkM8K6aUtRhrzrYdFZdk85tK.zV7iU7R8Q8_QUPUkllph2LKiJcBh4yCP4NW0OH5uNYoSmkTDRhTowCfz.d8PuH2cBWOdS_2d9iksKRO85a3ObXOgsB19CxDeVy7xPSHejOmU7P2jeMfL7s9_ycQAlqYbZKHWw3WCQS3B4bZBRTpggtig9Z7exhYOOD7IOOCVdGTklkvqkz4JlDU0DV31tVWsK27ulhBqAp.gJGsFBaoXY_kRBVyEQOo5BHdKQFzUn_B8k3yBJo",mdrd: "Fu9BGH9vUoT6Ul_LZFa_48FDwbAvzx80HXTUJ.ZE4ug-1739792404-1.2.1.1-InYwlAB9j6U1TUi5g1zeMKhRMuK4FZMXHfGTCbt86lZUFEot3KnWLtq4AhG7sYiaX9KhPMi4Ideq.viHpIkmqTM2gWINR9N8mnNAqYaSahBqP2L1SbK17Qslui2kiVXvdMrA.dOrAt4DrMlNGVd7weYbkOob30ygIyIG3tPCCKNC.RGhgT2PtgcLm4DKqt03.j8nj49N9vnx1Tlw9J8PHGSEjyVPeRcgiYe7holZ7jrVkVQBVZo2a.pOLVQkvrV8fbkj3xYmnXme7wSGKCVHK8C4tn5KboZVp9EQgP2czR9oBCqZn0fPg61ComtQE6pIi7.SNRTmlZfe04cYYVa3TjyAd9epzh3hFmIqrOaLk4TQwWNiGG8ZyKMBM1URW4uv9efuP7103WrD0.AKXaT4OEzXLKesmu.apx1FVpaCYEs6rThm80Inw4NX4bFBaqiBni2TLFtaKFVh.uAQeiau6FlJ.V5CWO7SOTH6XSNIbyrFHnrQVs1UtluqevQsMBKe7TsgdSWpFSU51Hc5uLrnI6blrQMVGIK00SzQl51hvDszgeCfQuiRy0VG3oY4Lylr8HlrzMqpVcH9xRj0q6XqeU1WA_ZZ9n2_VO1ef8JUMQhSyZ0SIuTvVihxAeT3Zeak29MkEl07aSGAC40aNm0Y3jIfDqUeoktO9EviJYpKr.T56a.EU8SrlV8qWrIM6NR4rmw3ToFOLSzKOeeg24JVt0.oJLg0QSbBcdETYO7jF6EGgG0ber2GSR0ktD0kKOuhEHH2uLlxLAilfV1LUNOa10SyTsGdN8ifcDu6ncMEbX1yva.LtxhNbXzmD.VgGyFj6DYx.1tMPqYO4zg9IYX3YTM__MUr9xBWtXH5YxCPFkbXVxw0m8D3e5qDPU_F9G34nWgpd8gWKUw7KlikkjkZpS3lP5BaMyRNzl0EMC.t.UX7YsSF1lD5UnVyfq9FD6hg19PclXkdCZAZ3909BCgbuiy6KM0Eid3_q36krrFeH1Ddm5ngmumF2b8watWIK2Y73XVs.PggeRx7YhyRh5tks5qjNGytVoMZ2S4HlN4mBS966gixIxJaDHTz3Nokss1j4fzFOitU919jfDgzakzqIf574UeKQQghCHOSCQErjI73dYznylPqT3YUs8clEkvPweXrk8G3q8MtQsy0y6YUzC.g9B0B2UlLVW29ZFl.4.wxi9fmCTW6VFXs2tHnMQWUsfYvrz22aLWjNtkV0BhdlpE.HcKTGFzRx8WtAmeGoms9BPYfLe65Fjo3SztU6ZjzlYUKsZQM7MhFQralkIOTwaUHIC40uWkckquFPaN7Qk98XiRadfj3xViNtmMW.OJc.OuOcm9pEYEJDONZP28bu3RH4BLI9R8XkD6A_ZNh5p56FDAPUXcPxBjWBbsDziHN3b5CgkhxQJu_hiG6hkIIMfn6ZOd8ljHyeOuA5wLHVCZxyMtOW9tX0HX1sBcrtog.ZTNmKE_0_BSIfwAiw8lhD5jOO1Jx4PzUMG_IO..Xusb7V7PyqqKUt0MhckBXPfu1TIrLr9qzfs6QC0i9Yq_TDvJBZ8Zbk9EDJ9aq46EH881QoTsAWNBUezthAmUcOeL8QR1_yLejlKxlXfGS3MxDOmBGiS_sC.l.XBy.Sk3qgLFudO7MatOkN93bylucXFhzbF30hykVZHIJ3lfMMK1FZ8rGDosylqeQq.W0TsmxXbkB5Ai2N7FkVHLApsfq4xbLTEXuSfl0Oc8TvDZMc_OYKk1v0UQxrkcaXt7QUe3r62Cs8ryGUG3PFTR4tYMwGC68M.pdqwohMgbTpzscuvrIkWbbLbD8_H2aagEAVbkhbHcJ1Hei1NadL2hMPl_OX5fNw2wuygZZjfYT03HuMjEAqaYnBuZJM.u7dz8tFZOukwyBc4hezKgPEG48xetwL6.1oXhR.9HGBfaKlzsde.PPH35EwfkrSBYmmPXRVE3sp9KtmL7AalLi0VpvwrBLPDXt"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135801fea50f8d0';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=strategic%20alliances&__cf_chl_rt_tk=lnEl8n8.NBKWByFgN5EBCr1pxy1lMFg_1H.QRFtaans-1739792404-1.0.1.1-_rxy9onIjz2POEmw2kzTJtoWiAf749l89XU_uYjQx14" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>