Herbert Clark Hoover Building | U.S. Department of Commerce

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb","20231101185733","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1698865053"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"/> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-43SPHKNB7Z"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);ga('require', 'GTM-K9DFFGH');gtag("config", "G-43SPHKNB7Z", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});gtag("config", "UA-122485059-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path","allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/node/561"/> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="description" content="The following is an excerpted chapter from the 1988 book From Lighthouses to Laserbeams: A History of the US Department of Commerce, available to read in full online through the Commerce Research Library."/> <meta name="keywords" content=","/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="U.S. Department of Commerce"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Website"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Herbert Clark Hoover Building"/> <meta property="og:description" content="The following is an excerpted chapter from the 1988 book From Lighthouses to Laserbeams: A History of the US Department of Commerce, available to read in full online through the Commerce Research Library."/> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/commerce_twittercard_default.png"/> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2018-05-12T14:59:45-04:00"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@CommerceGov"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The following is an excerpted chapter from the 1988 book From Lighthouses to Laserbeams: A History of the US Department of Commerce, available to read in full online through the Commerce Research Library."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Herbert Clark Hoover Building"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb"/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/commerce_twittercard_default.png"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <link rel="icon" href="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml"/> <title>Herbert Clark Hoover Building | U.S. Department of Commerce</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231101185733cs_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_KmoWlcUpKVW2cv4FYgMmKV8voWQCX6k9VATuyRrGJ7o.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231101185733cs_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_YGypp-5tSoxBX2hoRWpQf1UQ9nLkw6fST2g5_YK0YVw.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231101185733cs_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PqjQe9a0xmkOjOU_64cjnwsokExU3OqEI0xBGElRL64.css"/> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20231101185733js_/https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.12.0/js/all.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20231101185733js_/https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.12.0/js/v4-shims.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> </head> <body class="doc-site doc-frontpage doc-node path-node page-node-type-page"> <div class="skip-main" role="complementary" aria-label="skip-to-main"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="presentation" alt="Dot gov"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong> Official websites use .gov </strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/icon-https.svg" role="presentation" alt="Https"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong> Secure .gov websites use HTTPS </strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> (<span class="icon-lock"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description"><title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title><desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg></span>) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header usa-header--extended usa-header--extended-megamenu" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="region region-header"> <div class="usa-logo with-seal" id="logo"> <div class="doc-seal"> <a class="logo-img" href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/" title="Home" aria-label="U.S. Department of Commerce"> <img src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/doc_logo.png" width="92" height="92" alt="U.S. Department of Commerce Logo"/> </a> </div> <div class="doc-office-title"> <h1 class="usa-logo-text"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/" accesskey="1" title="Home" aria-label="U.S. Department of Commerce"> U.S. Department of Commerce </a> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> <nav class="usa-nav" role="navigation"> <button class="usa-nav__close"> <img src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/close.svg" alt="close"/> </button> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <div class="usa-nav-mobile"> <div class="region region-mobile-menu"> <div id="block-fixed-block-content-doc-mobile-search-fixed-block" class="block block-fixed-block-content block-fixed-block-contentdoc-mobile-search-fixed-block"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="usasearch-search-block-form usa-form-large block block-usasearch block-usasearch-search-form-block" data-drupal-selector="usasearch-search-block-form" id="commerce_search_block_mobile"> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://search.commerce.gov/search" class="usa-search usa-search--small" data-drupal-selector="usasearch-search-block-form-2" method="GET"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-item-query js-form-item-query form-no-label"><label class="visually-hidden" for="mobile_query">Search</label><br/> <input aria-autocomplete="list" aria-haspopup="" autocomplete="off" class="usagov-search-autocomplete form-search" data-drupal-selector="edit-query" id="mobile_query" maxlength="128" name="query" placeholder="Search" size="50" title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." type="search" value=""/></div> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-affiliate" name="affiliate" type="hidden" value="www.commerce.gov"/> <div class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper"> <input class="usa-button js-form-submit form-submit" type="submit" value="Search"/></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="usa-nav__mobile usa-accordion" aria-multiselectable="true"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-/about"> <span>ABOUT</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-/about" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about"> <span>Our mission </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/leadership/gina-m-raimondo"> <span>Meet the Secretary</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/leadership/gina-m-raimondo" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog?tags%5B0%5D=243"> <span>Blogs </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases?tags%5B0%5D=243"> <span>Press Releases </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/speeches?tags%5B0%5D=243"> <span>Speeches </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/op-eds?tags%5B0%5D=243"> <span>Op-eds </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership"> <span>Leadership </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices"> <span>Bureaus and offices </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/strategic-plan"> <span>Strategic Plan </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/equity"> <span>Equity</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/equity" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/equity/equity-deia-council"> <span>Equity (DEIA) Council </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog?tags%5B0%5D=273"> <span>DEIA Blogs </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/interagencyequityconvening"> <span>Interagency Convening on Equitable Economic Growth </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/budget-and-performance"> <span>Budget and performance</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/budget-and-performance" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/budget-and-performance/evaluation"> <span>Evaluation </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/budget-and-performance/past-budgets-performance-reports"> <span>Past Budgets & Performance Reports </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/combined-federal-campaign"> <span>Combined Federal Campaign</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/combined-federal-campaign" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://cfcgiving.opm.gov/welcome"> <span>Donate </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign/2023-commerce-cfc-team"> <span>2023 Commerce CFC Team </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign/campaign-worker-resources"> <span>Campaign Worker Resources </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign/cfc-national-kickoff-event"> <span>CFC National Kickoff Event </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign/leadership-video-messages"> <span>Leadership Video Messages </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/covid-19-information-hub"> <span>COVID-19 Information Hub </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels usa-current" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/history"> <span>History</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/history" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/origins"> <span>Origins: 1776-1913 </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/evolution"> <span>Evolution: 1913-1995 </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://2001-2009.commerce.gov/opa/photo/DOC_100/100yrs/Gallery.html"> <span>Photos from 100th anniversary </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/past-secretaries"> <span>Secretaries of Commerce </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://library.doc.gov/about-us/doc-history/secretaries-speeches"> <span>Speeches of past Secretaries </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb" class="usa-current"> <span>Herbert Clark Hoover Building </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/policies"> <span>Policies</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/policies" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/accessibility"> <span>Accessibility </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/artificial-intelligence-use-cases-inventory"> <span>Artificial Intelligence Use Cases Inventory </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/comments"> <span>Comment policy </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/digitalstrategy"> <span>Digital strategy </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/ipv6-policy"> <span>IPv6 policy </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/it-policy-archive"> <span>IT policy archive </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/information-quality"> <span>Information quality </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/source-code"> <span>Open source code </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/plain-language"> <span>Plain language </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/privacy"> <span>Privacy policy </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/social-media"> <span>Social media and web 2.0 policy </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy"> <span>Vulnerability Disclosure Policy </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/about/contact-us"> <span>Contact us</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/about/contact-us" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us/site-feedback"> <span>Website feedback </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-/issues"> <span>ISSUES</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-/issues" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues"> <span>All issues </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/cybersecurity"> <span>Cybersecurity </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/export-and-investment-promotion"> <span>Export and investment promotion </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/first-responder-network"> <span>First responder network </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/fisheries-and-aquaculture"> <span>Fisheries and aquaculture </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/ict-supply-chain"> <span>ICT Supply Chain </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/ipef"> <span>Indo-Pacific Economic Framework </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/infrastructure"> <span>Infrastructure </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/intellectual-property"> <span>Intellectual property </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/investing-communities-and-workers"> <span>Investing in communities and workers </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/manufacturing"> <span>Manufacturing </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/minority-business-growth"> <span>Minority business growth </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/regulatory-reform"> <span>Regulatory reform </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/space-commerce"> <span>Space commerce </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/issues/trade-enforcement"> <span>Trade enforcement</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/issues/trade-enforcement" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/trade-enforcement/section-232-aluminum"> <span>Section 232: Aluminum </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/trade-enforcement/section-232-steel"> <span>Section 232: Steel </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/weather-and-satellites"> <span>Weather and satellites </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/issues/workforce-development"> <span>Workforce Development</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/issues/workforce-development" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/workforce-development/workforce-development-investments"> <span>Workforce Development – Investments </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/workforce-development/workforce-development-employer-practices"> <span>Workforce Development - Employer Practices </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/workforce-development/workforce-development-data"> <span>Workforce Development - Data </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-/news"> <span>NEWS</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-/news" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news"> <span>All news </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases"> <span>Press releases </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog"> <span>Blog </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/speeches"> <span>Speeches </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/fact-sheets"> <span>Fact sheets </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/op-eds"> <span>Op-eds </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/media"> <span>Photos and videos </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/live"> <span>Livestreams </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/archives"> <span>Archives </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/media-contacts"> <span>Media contacts </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-/data-and-reports"> <span>DATA AND REPORTS</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-/data-and-reports" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports"> <span>Overview </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/data-and-reports/economic-indicators"> <span>Economic indicators</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/data-and-reports/economic-indicators" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/economic-indicators/dashboard"> <span>Dashboard </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/economic-indicators/release-schedule"> <span>Release schedule </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/population-statistics"> <span>Population statistics </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/environmental-data"> <span>Environmental data </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://data.commerce.gov/"> <span>Data catalog </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/reports"> <span>Reports </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://performance.commerce.gov/"> <span>Performance data </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/data-and-reports/developer-resources"> <span>Developer resources</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/data-and-reports/developer-resources" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/developer-resources/data-tutorials"> <span>Data tutorials </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/developer-resources/bureau-apis"> <span>Bureau APIs </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/developer-resources/commercegov-api"> <span>Commerce.gov API </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/rss"> <span>RSS feeds </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/data"> <span>Data </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-mega-nav-section-/work-with-us"> <span>WORK WITH US</span> </button> <div id="basic-mega-nav-section-/work-with-us" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us"> <span>Overview </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/services-for-businesses"> <span>Services for businesses </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/work-us/job-quality-toolkit"> <span>Job Quality Toolkit</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/work-us/job-quality-toolkit" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-us/job-quality-toolkit/drivers-job-quality"> <span>Drivers of Job Quality </span> </a> </li> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-us/job-quality-toolkit/job-quality-case-studies"> <span>Job Quality Case Studies </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/grants-and-contract-opportunities"> <span>Grants and contract opportunities </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/careers"> <span>Careers </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/internships"> <span>Internships </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <div class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/resources-for-employees"> <span>Resources for employees </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="usa-col level-1"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link commerce-menu-sub-levels aria-expanded=" false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-/havana-act"> <span>HAVANA Act</span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-/havana-act" class="usa-nav__submenu-list" hidden=""> <div class="usa-col level-2"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/havana-act-authorized-payment-frequently-asked-questions"> <span>HAVANA Act - Authorized Payment Frequently Asked Questions </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="usa-nav__mobile usa-accordion" aria-multiselectable="true"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices"> <span>Bureaus and offices </span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us"> <span>Contact us </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="usa-nav__secondary"> <div class="region region-secondary-menu"> <div class="usa-nav__secondary"> <ul class="usa-nav__secondary-links"> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices"> Bureaus and offices </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us"> Contact us </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="secondary-menu-search block block-fixed-block-content block-fixed-block-contentdoc-search-block-fixed-block" id="block-fixed-block-content-doc-search-block-fixed-block"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="usasearch-search-block-form usa-form-large block block-usasearch block-usasearch-search-form-block" data-drupal-selector="usasearch-search-block-form" id="commerce_search_block"> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://search.commerce.gov/search" class="usasearch-search-block-form-desktop usa-form-large" data-drupal-selector="usasearch-search-block-form-2" id="usasearch-search-block-form--2" method="GET"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-item-query js-form-item-query form-no-label"><label class="visually-hidden" for="desktop_query">Search</label><br/> <input aria-autocomplete="list" aria-haspopup="" autocomplete="off" class="usagov-search-autocomplete form-search" data-drupal-selector="edit-query" id="desktop_query" maxlength="128" name="query" placeholder="Search" size="60" title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." type="search" value=""/></div> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-affiliate" name="affiliate" type="hidden" value="www.commerce.gov"/> <div class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions--2"> <input class="usa-button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" id="edit-submit--2" type="submit" value="Search"/></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="usa-nav-desktop"> <div class="region region-primary-menu"> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-1"> <span>ABOUT </span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden=""> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about"> <span>Our mission</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership/gina-m-raimondo"> <span>Meet the Secretary</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership"> <span>Leadership</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices"> <span>Bureaus and offices</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/strategic-plan"> <span>Strategic Plan</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/equity"> <span>Equity</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/budget-and-performance"> <span>Budget and performance</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign"> <span>Combined Federal Campaign</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/covid-19-information-hub"> <span>COVID-19 Information Hub</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history"> <span>History</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies"> <span>Policies</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us"> <span>Contact us</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-2"> <span>ISSUES </span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden=""> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues"> <span>All issues</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/cybersecurity"> <span>Cybersecurity</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/export-and-investment-promotion"> <span>Export and investment promotion</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/first-responder-network"> <span>First responder network</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/fisheries-and-aquaculture"> <span>Fisheries and aquaculture</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/ict-supply-chain"> <span>ICT Supply Chain</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/ipef"> <span>Indo-Pacific Economic Framework</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/infrastructure"> <span>Infrastructure</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/intellectual-property"> <span>Intellectual property</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/investing-communities-and-workers"> <span>Investing in communities and workers</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/manufacturing"> <span>Manufacturing</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/minority-business-growth"> <span>Minority business growth</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/regulatory-reform"> <span>Regulatory reform</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/space-commerce"> <span>Space commerce</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/trade-enforcement"> <span>Trade enforcement</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/weather-and-satellites"> <span>Weather and satellites</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues/workforce-development"> <span>Workforce Development</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-3"> <span>NEWS </span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden=""> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news"> <span>All news</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases"> <span>Press releases</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog"> <span>Blog</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/speeches"> <span>Speeches</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/fact-sheets"> <span>Fact sheets</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/op-eds"> <span>Op-eds</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/media"> <span>Photos and videos</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/live"> <span>Livestreams</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/archives"> <span>Archives</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news/media-contacts"> <span>Media contacts</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-4"> <span>DATA AND REPORTS </span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-4" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden=""> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports"> <span>Overview</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/economic-indicators"> <span>Economic indicators</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/population-statistics"> <span>Population statistics</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/environmental-data"> <span>Environmental data</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://data.commerce.gov/"> <span>Data catalog</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/reports"> <span>Reports</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://performance.commerce.gov/"> <span>Performance data</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/developer-resources"> <span>Developer resources</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports/data"> <span>Data</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-nav-section-5"> <span>WORK WITH US </span> </button> <ul id="basic-nav-section-5" class="usa-nav__submenu" hidden=""> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us"> <span>Overview</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/services-for-businesses"> <span>Services for businesses</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-us/job-quality-toolkit"> <span>Job Quality Toolkit</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/grants-and-contract-opportunities"> <span>Grants and contract opportunities</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/careers"> <span>Careers</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/internships"> <span>Internships</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us/resources-for-employees"> <span>Resources for employees</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/havana-act"> <span>HAVANA Act</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main class="usa-section"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="grid-col-12"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <aside class="tablet:grid-col-3"> <div class="region region-sidebar-first"> <ul class="usa-sidenav"> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about"> <span>Our mission</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership/gina-m-raimondo"> <span>Meet the Secretary</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/leadership"> <span>Leadership</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices"> <span>Bureaus and offices</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/strategic-plan"> <span>Strategic Plan</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/equity"> <span>Equity</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/budget-and-performance"> <span>Budget and performance</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/combined-federal-campaign"> <span>Combined Federal Campaign</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/covid-19-information-hub"> <span>COVID-19 Information Hub</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history" class="usa-current"> <span>History</span> </a> <ul class="usa-sidenav__sublist"> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/origins"> <span>Origins: 1776-1913</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/evolution"> <span>Evolution: 1913-1995</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://2001-2009.commerce.gov/opa/photo/DOC_100/100yrs/Gallery.html"> <span>Photos from 100th anniversary</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/past-secretaries"> <span>Secretaries of Commerce</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://library.doc.gov/about-us/doc-history/secretaries-speeches"> <span>Speeches of past Secretaries</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb" class="usa-current"> <span>Herbert Clark Hoover Building</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies"> <span>Policies</span> </a> </li> <li class="usa-sidenav__item"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us"> <span>Contact us</span> </a> </li> </ul> <div id="block-votingblock-2" class="block block-voting-modal block-modal-block"> <h2>Was this page helpful?</h2> <button type="submit" href="/voting/modal/561/true" class="usa-button-secondary use-ajax" data-dialog-type="modal"><i alt="Thumbs up icon to indicate helpful" class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i>  Helpful        </button><button type="submit" href="/voting/modal/561/false" class="usa-button-secondary use-ajax" data-dialog-type="modal"><i alt="Thumbs down icon to indicate not helpful" class="fas fa-thumbs-down"></i>  Not helpful</button> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="region-content tablet:grid-col-fill"> <div class="region region-content"> <div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol class="add-list-reset uswds-breadcrumbs uswds-horizontal-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about">About</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history">History</a> </li> </ol> </div> <div id="block-votingblock" class="block block-voting-modal block-modal-block"> <h2>Was this page helpful?</h2> <button type="submit" href="/voting/modal/561/true" class="usa-button-secondary use-ajax" data-dialog-type="modal"><i alt="Thumbs up icon to indicate helpful" class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i>  Helpful        </button><button type="submit" href="/voting/modal/561/false" class="usa-button-secondary use-ajax" data-dialog-type="modal"><i alt="Thumbs down icon to indicate not helpful" class="fas fa-thumbs-down"></i>  Not helpful</button> </div> <div class="block block-core block-page-title-block"> <h1 class="uswds-page-title page-title"><span property="schema:name" class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Herbert Clark Hoover Building</span> </h1> </div> <div id="block-commerce-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article data-history-node-id="561" role="article" about="/about/history/hchb" typeof="schema:WebPage"> <span property="schema:name" content="Herbert Clark Hoover Building" class="rdf-meta hidden"></span> <div> <div property="schema:text" class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><em>The following is an excerpted chapter from the 1988 book </em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://library.doc.gov/about-us/doc-history" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">From Lighthouses to Laserbeams: A History of the US Department of Commerce</a><em>, available to read in full online through the Commerce Research Library.</em></p> <p>Land for the monumental Department of Commerce building was purchased in 1910. The $2,460,000 site, a swampland of snakes, frogs, mosquitoes, flies and an occasional wolf, had been shunned by the original inhabitants of Washington, D.C. The Indians preferred to live in dry and comparatively healthy villages such as those north of Georgetown and on Capitol Hill.</p> <p>The marshland lay on the edge of a swiftly flowing silver band of water named Goose Creek—later renamed Tiber Creek by city planners. Concern was expressed about Pierre Charles L'Enfant's plans to build the White House so close to the swamp, which would later be blamed for the prevalence of malaria in the city.</p> <p>L'Enfant's original designs envisioned a great canal draining swamps, checking spring floods, and providing an impressive channel for waterborne passengers and cargo from the Potomac to the foot of Capitol Hill. Instead, poorly built, the canal became a cesspool. In 1871 it was drained and paved over. It is now Constitution Avenue. The only reminder of the canal's history is a lockkeeper's house, still standing at 17th Street and Constitution Avenue.</p> <p>According to early land records, the land which the Commerce Building is on lay within a 225-acre tract called "Beall's Level," granted in 1703 to Ninian Beall by English royalty. In 1769, James Burnes secured part of the land and had it resurveyed. In 1774, his son, David Burnes, received the land. He sold it for the proposed Federal city at a price of $67 an acre.</p> <p>As the city began to develop, people settled in neighborhoods in the southwest, on Capitol Hill, and on the far side of the "President's House."</p> <p>In the early 1800s, the city had no paving, no water systems and no drainage. Pennsylvania Avenue, then only 32 feet wide, was described as "a deep morass covered with elderbushes." Cows grazed on the mall. By 1850, city population had increased to more than 50,000 people, but there was little development on the south side of Pennsylvania Avenue where the Commerce Building is located. In fact, the low-rent area was known as "Murder Bay" because of the criminal activities centered there.</p> <p>Not until nearly 1900 did the area around the Commerce building begin to assume its present form. The Post Office Building at 12th and Pennsylvania was completed in 1899 and the District, Building, across from the Commerce site, in 1908. In 1920, the Commerce plot was occupied by the Navy Department and several other structures.</p> <p>Construction of the unusual Department of Commerce building began on October 4, 1927, more than a decade after the'-creation of the Department, whose offices were scattered among a number of temporary facilities. On June 10, 1929, President Herbert Clark Hoover laid the cornerstone. A former Secretary of Commerce, Hoover had been a strong advocate for the new facility, which was renamed in his honor in 1982.</p> <p>When the building was completed in January 1932, the total construction cost was $17,500,000, over $2,000,000 more than the Louisiana Purchase, which brought 10 new states into the Union. At the time, the Commerce building was the largest office building in the world. Its total length of 1,050 feet exceeds that of the United States Capitol by 300 feet. The building contains 3,311 rooms and the net floor area is 1,093,000 square feet. More than eleven million bricks were used and 16,400 tons of steel.</p> <p>The Commerce building is three complete rectangular buildings in one, with the three units joined with accordion-type expansion joints. It was constructed this way because the building sits over Tiber Creek. There was no bed rock into which foundation piles could be driven. Seepage water from this Potomac River tributary at the time excavating was finished created an eight-acre lake, necessitating unusual construction methods to make the building stable and to eliminate seepage in the sub-basement and basement.</p> <p>The building's expansion and contraction features are such that on the hottest day in summer the structure may be three inches longer than on the coldest day in winter. The accordion joints thus protect the building from suffering structural damage.</p> <h3>Washington Milestone</h3> <p>When the construction was completed, it marked a milestone in the development of Washington, D. C. The Commerce building forms the base of a planned federal triangle bounded by 14th Street, Pennsylvania Avenue and Constitution Avenue. In August 1987, President Ronald Reagan signed legislation to complete the triangle construction.</p> <p>Opposite the Department of Commerce, a new structure will replace a parking lot on the site of the proposed plaza and park area, represented by a fountain memorial to Oscar Straus, who was Secretary of Commerce and Labor in 1906 and the first Jewish cabinet officer.</p> <p><em>[Note: This "new structure" became the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://itcdc.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center</a>, which opened in 1988.]</em></p> <p>The Commerce building was designed to house all of the Department bureaus except the National Bureau of Standards, which had laboratories north of the center city. Attention was given to the special needs of each agency. Two-to-four story stacks were installed for storage of the Patent Office's more than three million patents, and the Great Hall became a patent-search room for the public. Stargazing equipment was installed on the roof for the Coast and Geodetic Survey. The Census Bureau, which occupied the south section of the building, was provided with facilities in the basement for intricate computing machinery.</p> <h3>Smaller Agencies</h3> <p>The central section of the building was used for administrative functions. It also housed smaller agencies such as Aeronautics, Radio, and Foreign and Domestic Commerce.</p> <p>The Secretary's suite was built with non-operating windows and its own air conditioning system, the only one in the building. It was paneled with walnut, as were the conference room and sections of the main library.</p> <p>The original overall interior design called for a minimum of walls. Glass partitions were used to provide better light diffusion and to make supervision easier.</p> <p>Facilities for the Bureau of Fisheries National Aquarium were provided in the basement of the new building. Established in 1873, the aquarium, the oldest public aquarium in the Nation, is now under the direction of a private, nonprofit organization. Displays include more than 1,000 fresh and saltwater specimens, representing 200 species from the United States and around the world.</p> <p><em>[Note: The aquarium closed permanently on September 30, 2013.]</em></p> <p>In 1970, there was a major renovation of the building and central air conditioning was installed.</p></div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="block block-social-media block-social-sharing-block"> <h2>Share this page</h2> <div class="social-media-sharing"> <ul class=""> <li> <a target="_blank" class="facebook-share share" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb&title=Herbert Clark Hoover Building" title="Facebook"> <img alt="Facebook" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/facebook_share.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="facebook-msg share" onclick="FB.ui({method: 'send',link: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb'})" title="Facebook messenger"> <img alt="Facebook messenger" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/facebook_msg.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="linkedin share" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb&title=Herbert Clark Hoover Building&source=https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb" title="Linkedin"> <img alt="Linkedin" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/linkedin.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="twitter share" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb&via=CommerceGov&text=Herbert Clark Hoover Building" title="Twitter"> <img alt="Twitter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/twitter.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a class="email share" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/mailto:/?subject=Herbert Clark Hoover Building&body=Check out this site https://www.commerce.gov/about/history/hchb" title="Email"> <img alt="Email" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/email.svg"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="usa-footer usa-footer--big" role="contentinfo"> <div class="usa-grid usa-footer-return-to-top"> <a href="#">Return to top</a> </div> <div class="usa-footer__primary-section"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="region region-footer-menu"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4"> <section class="usa-footer__primary-content usa-footer__primary-content--collapsible"> <h4 class="usa-footer__primary-link">Explore</h4> <ul class="usa-list usa-list--unstyled add-list-reset"> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/issues" title="Issues" data-drupal-link-system-path="issues">Issues</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/news" title="News" data-drupal-link-system-path="news">News</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/data-and-reports" title="Data and reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/555">Data and reports</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/work-with-us" title="Work with us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/556">Work with us</a> </li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4"> <section class="usa-footer__primary-content usa-footer__primary-content--collapsible"> <h4 class="usa-footer__primary-link">About us</h4> <ul class="usa-list usa-list--unstyled add-list-reset"> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/477">Our mission</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/strategic-plan" title="Department of Commerce's strategic plan" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/548">Strategic plan</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/bureaus-and-offices" title="Department of Commerce's bureaus and offices" data-drupal-link-system-path="bureaus-and-offices">Bureaus and offices</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://osec.doc.gov/opog/privacy/default.html" title="Department of Commerce's privacy program" rel="noreferrer">Privacy program</a> </li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4"> <section class="usa-footer__primary-content usa-footer__primary-content--collapsible"> <h4 class="usa-footer__primary-link">Get in touch</h4> <ul class="usa-list usa-list--unstyled add-list-reset"> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/contact-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/483">Contact us</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://osec.doc.gov/opog/OG/default.htm" title="Open government" rel="noreferrer">Open government</a> </li> <li class="usa-footer__secondary-link"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://osec.doc.gov/opog/FOIA/default.html" title="Freedom of Information Act" rel="noreferrer">FOIA</a> </li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="usa-footer__secondary-section"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="usa-footer__logo grid-row mobile-lg:grid-col-6 mobile-lg:grid-gap-2"> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-auto"> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/"> <img class="usa-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20231101185733im_/https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/doc_logo.png" width="80" height="80" alt="Department of Commerce logo"/> </a> </div> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-auto"> <div class="footer-address"> 1401 Constitution Ave NW<br/> Washington, DC 20230 </div> </div> </div> <div class="usa-footer__contact-links mobile-lg:grid-col-6"> <div class="usa-footer__social-links grid-row"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://twitter.com/commercegov" aria-label="U. S. Department of Commerce Twitter page"> <span class="fa-layers fa-fw usa-social_link"> <i class="fas fa-square fa-2x" style="color:white" alt="Department of Commerce Twitter page" aria-label="Department of Commerce Twitter page"></i> <i title="Twitter" class="fab fa-twitter-square fa-2x" style="color:#1da1f2"></i> </span> </a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.facebook.com/Commercegov/" aria-label="U. S. Department of Commerce Facebook page"> <span class="fa-layers fa-fw usa-social_link"> <i class="fas fa-square fa-2x" style="color:white" alt="Department of Commerce Facebook page" aria-label="Department of Commerce Facebook page"></i> <i title="Facebook" class="fab fa-facebook-square fa-2x" style="color:#3b5998"></i> </span> </a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.linkedin.com/company/u-s--department-of-commerce" aria-label="Department of Commerce Linkedin page"> <span class="fa-layers fa-fw usa-social_link"> <i class="fas fa-square fa-2x" style="color:white" alt="Department of Commerce Linkedin page" aria-label="Department of Commerce Linkedin page"></i> <i title="LinkedIn" class="fab fa-linkedin fa-2x" style="color:#0077b5"></i> </span> </a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDk7XARReoJChTwu1WojgRQ" aria-label="U. S. Department of Commerce YouTube page"> <span class="fa-layers fa-fw usa-social_link"> <i class="fas fa-square fa-2x" style="color:white" alt="Department of Commerce YouTube page" aria-label="Department of Commerce YouTube page"></i> <i title="YouTube" class="fab fa-youtube-square fa-2x" style="color:#ff0000"></i> </span> </a> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/rss" aria-label="Department of Commerce rss feed"> <span class="fa-layers fa-fw usa-social_link"> <i class="fas fa-square fa-2x" style="color:white" alt="Department of Commerce rss feed" aria-label="Department of Commerce rss feed"></i> <i title="RSS" class="fas fa-rss-square fa-2x" style="color:#ffA500"></i> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-12"> <div class="region region-footer-secondary"> <ol class="dotsbetween"> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/archives">Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/ofm/agency-financial-reports">Agency Financial Report</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/comments">Comment policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/digitalstrategy">Digital strategy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/information-quality">Information quality</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/cr/reports-and-resources/no-fear-act">No Fear Act</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.oig.doc.gov/">Inspector General</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/plain-language">Plain language</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/about/policies/privacy">Privacy policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/ofm/payment-integrity/department-commerce-payment-integrity-website">Payment Integrity</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231101185733/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.oig.doc.gov/Pages/Hotline.aspx">Whistleblower Protection</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://www.whitehouse.gov/">WhiteHouse.gov</a> </li> </ol> <div id="block-govdeliverysignup-fixed-block" class="block block-fixed-block-content block-fixed-block-contentgovdelivery-sign-up-fixed-block"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOC/subscribers/qualify" id="GD-snippet-form" method="post"> <input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓"/> <input name="authenticity_token" type="hidden" value="KYi9hmgKqvcMOKf453K61tlo2i3pCo8sVKFUH73sfXB1gecwmSLcalxpsqf6Vj4zDIv5vztIijVjsn5SGnDrfw=="/> <fieldset> <legend> Sign up for email updates </legend> <div> <p>To sign up for updates or to access your subscriber preferences, please enter your contact information below.</p> </div> <ol class="form"> <li class="email_fields" style="display: block"><label for="email"><img alt="Required" class="required" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101185733im_/https://content.govdelivery.com/images/required.gif"/>Email Address</label><br/> <input class="long" id="email" name="email" type="text"/></li> </ol> <div class="button_panel"> <input class="form-button usa-button" name="commit" type="submit" value="Subscribe"/></div> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/561","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en","currentQuery":{"q":"\/about\/history\/hchb"}},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"back_to_top\/back_to_top_icon,back_to_top\/back_to_top_js,classy\/base,classy\/messages,commerce\/accessibility,commerce\/digital_analytics_program,commerce\/footer,commerce\/govdelivery,commerce\/header,commerce\/offices,commerce\/openid_connect,commerce\/uswds,core\/drupal.dialog.ajax,core\/normalize,custom\/offices,extlink\/drupal.extlink,fontawesome\/fontawesome.svg,fontawesome\/fontawesome.svg.shim,google_analytics\/google_analytics,social_media\/basic,social_media\/facebook,system\/base,uswds\/drupal,uswds\/footer,uswds\/header,uswds\/uswds","theme":"commerce","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":100,"back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":false,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":false,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"account":"G-43SPHKNB7Z","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackTel":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":".\\.gov","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":".usa-footer-contact-links a, .usa-footer__social-links a","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"The United States Department of Commerce\r\n\r\nYou are now leaving a Department of Commerce Web site.\r\n\r\nThe Department of Commerce does not endorse the organizations or views represented by this site and takes no responsibility for, and exercises no control over, the accuracy, accessibility, copyright or trademark compliance or legality of the material contained on this site. Thank you for visiting our site.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"social_media":{"application_id":"Your Application ID"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"e9a22412fbff4b4af13117b9144b0dd2d0e2af631e1c0e8982e0e8845f07503d"}}</script> <script src="/web/20231101185733js_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_v0jVk6iSHAPe-6mJ3BozVyNIJWteUyjvvrBhWoCpQnk.js"></script> <script src="/web/20231101185733js_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_yVu-1aPiNE-z5uQvyIBqMoVLIk84ZKxOdRFSVG32aiY.js"></script> <script src="/web/20231101185733js_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_aro7Bg6JLjUUtJpovMnCFmTVuaCFwv_ikMY19k5FjFc.js"></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20231101185733js_/https://content.govdelivery.com/overlay/js/1374.js"></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20231101185733js_/https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=DOC" id="_fed_an_ua_tag"></script> <script src="/web/20231101185733js_/https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_JrPVw1f8Mgs6pB68O7ZnuCd_8t2gPcafZmsIPvwbT68.js"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Herbert Clark Hoover Building | U.S. Department of Commerce