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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Option 2: choose which IRC client to use (advanced)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_do_I_connect?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_do_I_connect?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>How do I connect?</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-How_do_I_connect?-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle How do I connect? subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-How_do_I_connect?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Having_connection_problems?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Having_connection_problems?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Having connection problems?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Having_connection_problems?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-About_the_network_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#About_the_network_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>About the network services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-About_the_network_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle About the network services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-About_the_network_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nickname_registration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nickname_registration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Nickname registration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nickname_registration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Setting your IRC client to identify upon connect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mIRC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#mIRC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>mIRC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-mIRC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ChatZilla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ChatZilla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>ChatZilla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ChatZilla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-HexChat_(Windows_version)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#HexChat_(Windows_version)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>HexChat (Windows version)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-HexChat_(Windows_version)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emacs_(ERC)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emacs_(ERC)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Emacs (ERC)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emacs_(ERC)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quassel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quassel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.5</span> <span>Quassel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quassel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cloaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cloaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cloaks</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cloaks-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cloaks subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cloaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wikimedia_cloaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wikimedia_cloaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Wikimedia cloaks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wikimedia_cloaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Unaffiliated"_cloaks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Unaffiliated"_cloaks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>"Unaffiliated" cloaks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Unaffiliated"_cloaks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IRC_channel_list" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IRC_channel_list"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>IRC channel list</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IRC_channel_list-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IRC_client_settings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IRC_client_settings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>IRC client settings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IRC_client_settings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_are_some_basic_commands?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_are_some_basic_commands?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>What are some basic commands?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_are_some_basic_commands?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">Wikipedia:IRC</a></bdi></div><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC_tutorial&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:IRC tutorial">Wikipedia:IRC tutorial</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;">Please make sure you have <a href="/wiki/Firewall_(networking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Firewall (networking)">firewall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antivirus_software" title="Antivirus software">antivirus software</a> installed before following the tutorial below.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:IRCT"></span><span id="WP:IRC/T"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRCT&redirect=no">WP:IRCT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/T&redirect=no">WP:IRC/T</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>This tutorial is specifically for the <a href="/wiki/Libera_Chat" title="Libera Chat">Libera Chat</a> IRC network, the network that Wikipedia uses for IRC communication. Some features on this network aren't necessarily on other networks, and features on other networks aren't necessarily here. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Option_1:_use_IRC_in_a_browser_tab_(easy)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Option_1:_use_IRC_in_a_browser_tab_(easy)"><span id="Option_1:_use_IRC_in_a_browser_tab_.28easy.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Option_1:_use_IRC_in_a_browser_tab_(easy)"></span>Option 1: use IRC in a browser tab (easy)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Option_1:_use_IRC_in_a_browser_tab_(easy)"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Option 1: use IRC in a browser tab (easy)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a modern web browser follow <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:IRC help disclaimer">this link</a></b> to visit Wikipedia's help channel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)"><span id="Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_.28advanced.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)"></span>Option 2: choose which IRC client to use (advanced)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Option_2:_choose_which_IRC_client_to_use_(advanced)"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Option 2: choose which IRC client to use (advanced)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alternatively, to access the Libera IRC servers, you can choose an IRC client. Some popular IRC clients are listed below, or see <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Internet_Relay_Chat_clients" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients">Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Web clients <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRCCloud" class="mw-redirect" title="IRCCloud">IRCCloud</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irccloud.com/">website</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KiwiIRC" class="mw-redirect" title="KiwiIRC">KiwiIRC</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kiwiirc.com/">website</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Most desktop operating systems (including <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>/<a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">*nix</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChatZilla" title="ChatZilla">ChatZilla</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chatzilla.hacksrus.com/">website</a>; requires <a href="/wiki/SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HexChat" title="HexChat">HexChat</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hexchat.github.io/">website</a>, unmaintained)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irssi" title="Irssi">irssi</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://irssi.org/">website</a>; <a href="/wiki/Text-based_user_interface" title="Text-based user interface">text-based user interface</a>, runs in your <a href="/wiki/Terminal_emulator" title="Terminal emulator">terminal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pidgin.im/">website</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeeChat" title="WeeChat">WeeChat</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://weechat.org/">website</a>; text-based interface)</li></ul></li> <li>Windows only <ul><li>AdiIRC (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adiirc.com">website</a>; <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIRC" title="MIRC">mIRC</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirc.com/">website</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>macOS only <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adium.im/">website</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colloquy_(software)" title="Colloquy (software)">Colloquy</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://colloquy.info/">website</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Mobile IRC clients <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colloquy_(software)" title="Colloquy (software)">Colloquy</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/colloquy-irc-client/id302000478">Apple App store</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRCCloud" class="mw-redirect" title="IRCCloud">IRCCloud</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/irccloud/id672699103">Apple App store</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.irccloud.android&hl=en_US&gl=US">Google Play store</a>)</li> <li>Goguma (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/goguma-irc/id6470394620">Apple App store</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=fr.emersion.goguma.play">Google Play Store</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1044870489">@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .tocright{display:none}.mw-parser-output .tocright{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocright{float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><div class="tocright"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_do_I_connect?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_do_I_connect?"><span id="How_do_I_connect.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_do_I_connect?"></span>How do I connect?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_do_I_connect?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: How do I connect?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once you have a client, you'll need a server. You can simply use <b>irc.libera.chat</b> to reach the main rotation of servers. You can also find a full list by executing: </p> <ul><li><code>host irc.libera.chat</code> (Linux)</li> <li><code>nslookup irc.libera.chat</code> (Windows)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Having_connection_problems?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Having_connection_problems?-How_do_I_connect?"><span id="Having_connection_problems.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Having_connection_problems?-How_do_I_connect?"></span>Having connection problems?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Having_connection_problems?-How_do_I_connect?"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Having connection problems?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After you've obtained your client and the name of a server, you may still need a bit of help in getting connected. Take a look at this <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irchelp.org/faq/irctutorial.html">tutorial</a> or this <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irchelp.org/faq/ircprimer.html">IRC primer</a> on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irchelp.org">irchelp.org</a>, which contains a variety of other useful information as well. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="About_the_network_services" data-mw-thread-id="h-About_the_network_services"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-About_the_network_services"></span>About the network services<span data-mw-comment-end="h-About_the_network_services"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: About the network services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nickname_registration" data-mw-thread-id="h-Nickname_registration-About_the_network_services"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Nickname_registration-About_the_network_services"></span>Nickname registration<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Nickname_registration-About_the_network_services"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Nickname registration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:IRCREG"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRCREG&redirect=no">WP:IRCREG</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>If you want to use a certain nickname on the network and don't want anyone else to take it, you must register it with the network. </p><p>You can do so by typing (in any window): <code>/msg nickserv register <font color="purple">password</font> <font color="darkgreen">email@address.tld</font></code>, of course substituting <code><font color="purple">password</font></code> for any password of your choosing, and <code><font color="darkgreen">email@address.tld</font></code> with your email address. Try not to make your password too predictable or guessable, but also avoid using any password you use elsewhere since it's very easy to accidentally type your password into an IRC channel revealing it to others. You should now check your email for the confirmation message from Libera Chat, and complete the steps it contains. Please note that <a href="/wiki/Disposable_email_address" title="Disposable email address">disposable/throwaway</a> emails are not allowed and using one could delay or negatively affect your registration. </p><p>Registering your nickname will also allow you to be added to a channel's access list; for example, some of the people in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:IRC help disclaimer">#wikipedia-en-help</a> have +'s beside their nicknames (to identify "helpers"). </p><p>Note: You only have to register your nickname once. Every other time you connect from that point on, you need to prove who you are, with this command: <code>/msg nickserv identify <font color="purple">password</font></code> You can also configure your IRC client to automatically log you in when you connect; see the section below. There are some other options you can set (as well as privacy options), you'll want to get a list by typing: <code>/msg nickserv help</code> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect" data-mw-thread-id="h-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect-About_the_network_services"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect-About_the_network_services"></span>Setting your IRC client to identify upon connect<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect-About_the_network_services"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Setting your IRC client to identify upon connect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>You can configure your IRC client to automatically log you in when you connect. You can look up how to do this for your specific IRC client, configure <a href="/wiki/Simple_Authentication_and_Security_Layer" title="Simple Authentication and Security Layer">SASL</a> (if your client supports it), or supply your password as a server password to be forwarded to NickServ. See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libera.chat/guides/registration#logging-in">Libera Chat's guide to logging in</a>. </p><p>Some IRC clients allow you to automatically issue commands when connecting to a server, including logging you in: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386598">.mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#F0F2F5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#CCFFCC;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}</style> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-other" style="; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center;"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em">Extended content</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="mIRC" data-mw-thread-id="h-mIRC-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mIRC-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span>mIRC<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mIRC-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: mIRC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Go to <span style="font-weight:bold;color:#555;">File ▸ Select Server ▸ Options ▸ Perform</span></li> <li>Go to Network, click Add, find 'Libera.Chat' in the list and click OK.</li> <li>In the Perform Commands section, add: <dl><dd><tt>/nick <font color="teal">your_nickname</font></tt></dd> <dd><tt>/msg nickserv identify <font color="purple">your_password</font></tt></dd></dl></li> <li>Click OK as many times as you need to get out of the menus and you're all done.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ChatZilla" data-mw-thread-id="h-ChatZilla-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-ChatZilla-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span>ChatZilla<span data-mw-comment-end="h-ChatZilla-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: ChatZilla"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>From the menu choose <span style="font-weight:bold;color:#555;">ChatZilla ▸ Preferences</span>. Navigate to Global Settings.</li> <li>Navigate to the Startup tab. Scroll down to Locations.</li> <li>Click Add and use the following formats to add a <tt>network</tt> and <tt>channel</tt>, and to identify: <dl><dd><tt>irc://irc.libera.chat/wikipedia-en</tt></dd> <dd><tt>ircs://irc.libera.chat/nickserv,isnick?msg=identify%20<font color="purple">your_password</font></tt></dd> <dd>(in the last example replace <tt><font color="purple">your_password</font></tt> with your Freenode account password)</dd></dl></li> <li>Click Apply, followed by OK, to get out of the ChatZilla Preferences dialog</li> <li>To add all of your channels individually in the same format once you've joined them, right-click the tab of each channel and select "Open this Channel at Startup"</li> <li>To bookmark a channel without joining it automatically at startup, drag the tab for that channel directly to SeaMonkey's Bookmarks Toolbar or Menu</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="HexChat_(Windows_version)" data-mw-thread-id="h-HexChat_(Windows_version)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"><span id="HexChat_.28Windows_version.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-HexChat_(Windows_version)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span>HexChat (Windows version)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-HexChat_(Windows_version)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: HexChat (Windows version)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Go to HexChat. Select Network list.</li> <li>If the <tt>Libera.Chat</tt> network exists in the network list, then click on Edit and skip ahead to step 5</li> <li>If it does not yet exist in the list, click Add and type Libera.Chat, then hit enter and click on Edit</li> <li>Replace the string <tt>newserver/6667</tt> with <tt>irc.libera.chat/6667</tt></li> <li>In the "User name" field, enter your nickname. Select "SASL (username + password)" for the "Login method" field.</li> <li>In the Password field, enter your NickServ password.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emacs_(ERC)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Emacs_(ERC)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"><span id="Emacs_.28ERC.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Emacs_(ERC)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span>Emacs (ERC)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Emacs_(ERC)-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Emacs (ERC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/ERC_(software)" title="ERC (software)">ERC</a> is part of the <a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a> project. It is included with recent versions of GNU <a href="/wiki/Emacs" title="Emacs">Emacs</a>. To run, type: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335663">.mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#EEE;color:var(--color-base)}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#171a1d}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#171a1d}}</style><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">M-x erc</kbd> - if you run erc in this way you need to pass "irc.libera.chat" as server, "6667" as port, and your nickname (you can omit the password unless you have registered the nickname). </p><p>You can speed up connection process if you put this in your init file (~/.emacs) </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-lisp mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">defun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">irc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Connect to Libera Chat"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">interactive</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">erc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:server</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"irc.libera.chat"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:port</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6667</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:nick</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"your_nick"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:password</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"your_password OR nil"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="w"> </span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">global-set-key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"\C-ci"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">'irc</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> <p>Then you can run the IRC client with <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335663"><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">C-c i</kbd>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quassel" data-mw-thread-id="h-Quassel-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Quassel-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span>Quassel<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Quassel-Setting_your_IRC_client_to_identify_upon_connect"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Quassel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Go to <span style="font-weight:bold;color:#555;">Settings ▸ Configure Quassel...</span></li> <li>In the left pane, click "Networks" (under "IRC")</li> <li>Select the "Auto Identify" tab.</li> <li>Check the "Auto Identify" checkbox, and fill in the server (should be NickServ) and your password.</li> <li>Click "Apply" at the bottom, and then "OK" to close the window.</li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Cloaks" data-mw-thread-id="h-Cloaks"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Cloaks"></span>Cloaks<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Cloaks"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Cloaks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:IRCCLOAK"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRCCLOAK&redirect=no">WP:IRCCLOAK</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wikimedia_cloaks" data-mw-thread-id="h-Wikimedia_cloaks-Cloaks"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Wikimedia_cloaks-Cloaks"></span>Wikimedia cloaks<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Wikimedia_cloaks-Cloaks"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Wikimedia cloaks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/IRC/Cloaks" class="extiw" title="m:IRC/Cloaks">instruction page</a> on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="m:Main Page">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Unaffiliated"_cloaks" data-mw-thread-id="h-"Unaffiliated"_cloaks-Cloaks"><span id=".22Unaffiliated.22_cloaks"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-"Unaffiliated"_cloaks-Cloaks"></span>"Unaffiliated" cloaks<span data-mw-comment-end="h-"Unaffiliated"_cloaks-Cloaks"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: "Unaffiliated" cloaks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1 April 2024, all newly-registered accounts on Libera Chat automatically get a generic <tt>user/YourName</tt> cloak to hide your IP address. </p><p>If you registered your account before this date and want a generic cloak, or want to swap your Wikimedia cloak for a generic one, or would prefer your hostname/IP address to be visible then <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libera.chat/guides/faq#how-to-find-libera-chat-staff">contact Libera Chat staff</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="IRC_channel_list" data-mw-thread-id="h-IRC_channel_list"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-IRC_channel_list"></span>IRC channel list<span data-mw-comment-end="h-IRC_channel_list"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: IRC channel list"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/IRC/Channels" class="extiw" title="m:IRC/Channels">m:IRC/Channels</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="IRC_client_settings" data-mw-thread-id="h-IRC_client_settings"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-IRC_client_settings"></span>IRC client settings<span data-mw-comment-end="h-IRC_client_settings"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: IRC client settings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The realname (or Full Name) can optionally be set to anything you want. It does not need to be your real name; some people enter their username here.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ident_protocol" title="Ident protocol">ident</a> setting should ideally be turned on, and again can be set to anything you want.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_are_some_basic_commands?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_are_some_basic_commands?"><span id="What_are_some_basic_commands.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_are_some_basic_commands?"></span>What are some basic commands?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_are_some_basic_commands?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: What are some basic commands?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Here are some basic commands for IRC: <small>(as taken from <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Internet_Technologies/IRC#Basic_commands" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Internet Technologies/IRC">Wikibooks</a>)</small> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="background-color:#ffffff;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Command</th> <th>What it does</th> <th>Example </th></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">/attach <br/> /server</span></td> <td>Sign on to a server</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/attach irc.libera.chat</code><br/><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/server irc.libera.chat</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/nick</span></td> <td>Set your nickname</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/nick your_nickname</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/join <br/> /j</span></td> <td>Join a channel</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/join #wikipedia-en</code> <br/> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/j #wikipedia-en</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/msg</span></td> <td>Sends a message (can either be private or to the entire channel)</td> <td>Message the channel: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/msg #wikipedia-en Hello, World!</code> <br/> Send a private message: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/msg JohnDoe Hi, John.</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/whois</span></td> <td>Display information about a user on the server</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/whois JohnDoe</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/stats p</span></td> <td>Displays a list of active, on-call network staff</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/stats p</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/clear <br/> /clear all</span></td> <td>Clears a channel's text. <br/> Clears all open channel's text.</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/clear</code> <br/> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/clear all</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/away</span></td> <td>Sets an away message. <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_information_vote.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="information" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Symbol_information_vote.svg/18px-Symbol_information_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Symbol_information_vote.svg/27px-Symbol_information_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Symbol_information_vote.svg/36px-Symbol_information_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></a></span><b> Type <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/away</code> again to return from away.</b></td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/away I'm away because...</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/me</span></td> <td>Sends an action to the channel. See example.</td> <td>The following: <br/> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/me loves pie.</code> <br/> would output to the chat in the case of JohnDoe: <br/> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-output mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="go">JohnDoe loves pie.</span></code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">/quit</span></td> <td>Disconnects you from the IRC network. You can also quit with a quit message.</td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">/quit Off to bed.</code> <p>What happens: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-output mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="go">JohnDoe has quit (Quit: Off to bed)</span></code> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template talk:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia help pages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><b>Visit the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></i> or the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></i> for an interactive <abbr title="questions and answers">Q & A</abbr> forum.</b></li></ul> <hr/> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">FAQs</a></b> <b><abbr title="This is a list of frequently asked questions about using and contributing to Wikipedia.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desks</a></b> <b><abbr title="Works like a library reference desk. Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></b> <b><abbr title="Pages where editors can ask questions and request assistance from people who are familiar with the policies and guidelines covered by each individual board.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of the most commonly used Wiki markup and templates.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of Wikipedia's directories and indexes.">(?)</abbr></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's governess and customs">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Principles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_parents" title="Wikipedia:Advice for parents">parental advice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_directory" title="Wikipedia:Request directory">Making requests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Who_writes_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Who writes Wikipedia?">Who writes Wikipedia?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Reader's index to Wikipedia">Help for readers</a> <abbr title="Concerns and questions readers may have about Wikipedia">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_book_creator_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia book creator status">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright" title="Help:Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Navigation" title="Help:Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Other_languages" title="Help:Other languages">Other languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Student_help" title="Help:Student help">Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Viewing_media" title="Help:Viewing media">Viewing media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia">Contributing<br/>to Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Overviews and resources needed to comprehend, comment on, and edit">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_for_younger_editors" title="Wikipedia:Guidance for younger editors">Advice for young editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">Avoiding common mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Simplified Manual of Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified rule-set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">"Ignore all rules"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">"The rules are principles"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Style-tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tip_of_the_day" title="Wikipedia:Tip of the day">Tip of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Your first article</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">article wizard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Getting_started" title="Help:Getting started">Getting started</a> <abbr title="Introductions and tutorials">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Introductions by topic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IRC <span style="font-size:85%;">(live chat)</span> tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">VisualEditor user guide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts">Dos and don'ts</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and formatting standards in bullet points">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility dos and don'ts">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biography_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biography dos and don'ts">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons dos and don'ts">Biographies (living)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Categorization dos and don'ts">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Talk dos and don'ts">Discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation dos and don'ts">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Image dos and don'ts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Lead dos and don'ts">Leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Linking dos and don'ts">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:List dos and don'ts">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Table_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_title_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Article title dos and don'ts">Titles (of articles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">How-to pages</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">information pages</a> <abbr title="Topic specific informative and instructional pages">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to deletion">Article deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations/references</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Referencing for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Convert" title="Help:Convert">Convert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">Minor edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">edit conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_image_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to image deletion">Image deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Infobox" title="Help:Infobox">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Linking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">link color</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">Renaming pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Passwords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Email_confirmation" title="Help:Email confirmation">Email confirmation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Simple_guide_to_vandalism_cleanup" title="Help:Simple guide to vandalism cleanup">Simple vandalism cleanup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk pages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">simple archiving</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WP_search_protocol" title="Help:WP search protocol">WP search protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Coding</a> <abbr title="Wikitext information consists of the syntax used to format a page">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Calculation" title="Help:Calculation">Calculations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Elevation" title="Help:Elevation">Elevation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Music symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's directories and indexes">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Wikipedia:Contents">Contents</a> <small>(Encyclopedia proper)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editor%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Editor's index to Wikipedia">Editor's index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Manual of Style </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tips" title="Wikipedia:Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><b> <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikipedia:_The_Missing_Manual" title="Help:Wikipedia: The Missing Manual">Missing Manual</a></b> <hr/> <span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Special:MyTalk"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:MyTalk&action=edit&section=new&preload=Help:Contents/helpmepreload&preloadtitle=Help+me%21"><b>Ask for help on your talk page</b></a></span> <b><abbr title="If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!">(?)</abbr></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical">General<br/>technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keyboard_shortcuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br/>page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br/>videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customisation" title="Wikipedia:Customisation">Customisation</a><br/>and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Preferences" title="Help:Preferences">Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin" title="Wikipedia:Skin">Skins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customizing_watchlists" title="Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists">Customizing watchlists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" title="Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Hide pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scripts" title="Wikipedia:Scripts">IRC Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts" title="Wikipedia:User scripts">User scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Guide" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/List" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Techniques" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_style" title="Help:User style">User style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative_browsing" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing">Alternative browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Browser_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools">Browser tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Editing_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools">Editing tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_shortcuts" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts">Navigation shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum_tool_set" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Beta Features at MediaWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Automated editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AntiVandal" title="Wikipedia:AntiVandal">AntiVandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creating_a_bot" title="Help:Creating a bot">Creating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_of_Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RedWarn" title="Wikipedia:RedWarn">RedWarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ultraviolet" title="Wikipedia:Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner">WPCleaner</a></li> <li>Inactive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STiki" title="Wikipedia:STiki">STiki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li>See also: <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">Category:Wikipedia how-to</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Category:Wikipedia information pages</a></b><br/>Further navigation at: <a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages">Help pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators%27_guide" title="Template:Administrators' guide">Administrators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Accessibility/Navigation_menu" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Botnav" title="Template:Botnav">Bots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing">Referencing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_metadata_navbox" title="Template:Citation metadata navbox">Citation metadata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template:Wikipedia templates">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Navbox" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox">User scripts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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