EPJ

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class="nooa"> <ul> <li class="epja"> <a href="https://epja.epj.org" title="EPJ A - Hadrons and Nuclei">a</a> </li> <li class="epjb"> <a href="https://epjb.epj.org" title="EPJ B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems">b</a> </li> <li class="epjc"> <a href="https://epjc.epj.org" title="EPJ C -Particles and Fields">c</a> </li> <li class="epjd"> <a href="https://epjd.epj.org" title="EPJ D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics">d</a> </li> <li class="epje"> <a href="https://epje.epj.org" title="EPJ E - Soft Matter and Biological Physics">e</a> </li> <li class="epjap"> <a href="https://epjap.epj.org" title="EPJ AP - Applied Physics">ap</a> </li> <li class="epjst"> <a href="https://epjst.epj.org" title="EPJ Special Topics">st</a> </li> <li class="epjh"> <a href="https://epjh.epj.org" title="EPJ H - Historical Perspectives on Contemporary Physics">h</a> </li> <li class="epjplus"> <a href="https://epjplus.epj.org" title="EPJ Plus">plus</a> </li> <li class="epjdata"> <a href="https://epjds.epj.org" title="EPJ Data Science">ds</a> </li> <li class="epjpv"> <a href="https://epjpv.epj.org" title="EPJ Photovoltaics">pv</a> </li> <li class="epjti"> <a href="https://epjti.epj.org" title="EPJ TI - Techniques and Instrumentation">ti</a> </li> <li class="epjqt"> <a href="https://epjqt.epj.org" title="EPJ QT - Quantum Technology">qt</a> </li> <li class="epjam"> <a href="https://epjam.epj.org" title="EPJ AM - Applied Metamaterials">am</a> </li> <li class="epjn"> <a href="https://epjn.epj.org" title="EPJ N - Nuclear Sciences & Technologies">n</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="nooa other"> <ul> <li class="epjconf"> <a href="https://epjwoc.epj.org" title="EPJ Web of Conferences - Proceedings">woc</a> </li> <li class="rnc"> <a href="https://www.epj.org/rnc" title="La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento">rnc</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main" class="content"> <div class="wrap"> <div id="col1"> <div style="margin-top:20px"> <a href="/distinguished-epj-referees" title="Read more"><img src="/images/stories/news/2025/distinguished_referee_web_name_2024.png" alt="Distinguished EPJ Referees"></a> </div> <div class="authors" style="margin-bottom:20px"> <h2>Authors & Readers</h2> <ul> <li class="parent"><a href="/">Submission</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/epja" target="_blank">EPJ A</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjb/" target="_blank">EPJ B</a></li> <li><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/epjc" target="_blank">EPJ C</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjd/" target="_blank">EPJ D</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epje/" target="_blank">EPJ E</a></li> <li><a href="https://articlestatus.edpsciences.org/is/epjap/" target="_blank">EPJ AP</a></li> <li><a href="https://epjst.epj.org/epjst-submit-your-proposal">EPJ ST</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjh/" target="_blank">EPJ H</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjp" target="_blank">EPJ PLUS</a></li> <li><a href="https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/13688/3" target="_blank">EPJ DS</a></li> <li><a href="https://epjpv.nestor-edp.org/" target="_blank">EPJ PV</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjt/" target="_blank">EPJ TI</a></li> <li><a href="https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40507/3" target="_blank">EPJ QT</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/epjam/" target="_blank">EPJ AM</a></li> <li><a href="https://epjn.nestor-edp.org/" target="_blank">EPJ N</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.epj-conferences.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=221&Itemid=292" target="_blank">EPJ WOC</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="parent"><a href="/">LaTeX Macros</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ A</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ B</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ C</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ D</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ E</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.epjap.org/doc_journal/instructions/macro/epjap/macro-latex-epjap.zip" target="_blank">EPJ AP</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ ST</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ H</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ PLUS</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ DS</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ TI</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/latex-author-support" target="_blank">EPJ QT</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.webofconferences.org/doc_journal/instructions/macro/web-conf/macro-latex-web-conf.zip" target="_blank">EPJ WOC</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="parent"><a href="/">TOC alert</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=10050" target="_blank">EPJ A</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=10051" target="_blank">EPJ B</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=10052" target="_blank">EPJ C</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=10053" target="_blank">EPJ D</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=10189" target="_blank">EPJ E</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.epjap.org/services/?label=toc_email" target="_blank">EPJ AP</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=11734" target="_blank">EPJ ST</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=13129" target="_blank">EPJ H</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springer.com/alerts-frontend/subscribe?journalNo=13360" target="_blank">EPJ PLUS</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springeropen.com/login?journalId=13688&action=signup" target="_blank">EPJ DS</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.epj-pv.org/services/?label=toc_email" target="_blank">EPJ PV</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springeropen.com/login?journalId=40485&action=signup" target="_blank">EPJ TI</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.springeropen.com/login?journalId=40507&action=signup" target="_blank">EPJ QT</a></li> <li><a href="https://epjam.edp-open.org/services/?label=toc_email" target="_blank">EPJ AM</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.epj-n.org/services/?label=toc_email" target="_blank">EPJ N</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.epj-conferences.org/services/?label=toc_email" target="_blank">EPJ WOC</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/rss-feeds">RSS feeds</a></li> <li><a href="/images/stories/copyright/permission_requests.pdf" target="_blank">Permission Requests</a></li> <li><a href="/policy-on-publishing-integrity">Policy on Publishing Integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/faq">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/about-epj#videos">Videos presenting EPJ</a></li> </ul> </div>  <center> <a href="https://twitter.com/EPJscience?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw" class="twitter-follow-button" data-size="large" data-dnt="true" data-show-count="false">Follow @EPJscience</a><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </center> </div> <div id="col2"> <div class="item-page"> <h1> <a href="/open-access"> Open Access</a> </h1> <p>Authors retain the copyright to their work - licensing is under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank"><em>Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0</em></a> - and are free to reproduce and re-distribute it without restrictions, as long as the original work is correctly cited. </p> <h3>1. EPJ journals following Springer open access policies</h3> <h3>1.1. Hybrid journals (copublished with EDP Sciences and Società Italiana di Fisica) with article publication charges</h3> <p><em>European Physical Journal A (EPJ A)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal B (EPJ B)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal D (EPJ D)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal E (EPJ E)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal Special Topics (EPJ ST)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal H (EPJ H)</em><br /> <em>European Physical Journal Plus (EPJ Plus)</em><br /> <em>La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento (RNC)</em></p> <p>1.1.1 <strong>Open Access (OA) Agreements:</strong> Many institutions cover researchers’ OA publishing costs (known as article processing charges, or APCs) as part of OA agreements with Springer Nature. </p> <p>If the CORRESPONDING author is affiliated to an institute that has an Open Access agreement with Springer, the OA publication - if verified - is paid by the agreement partner. All OA agreements are listed with more details <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/oa-agreements" target="_blank"><em>here</em></a>. Eligibility will be automatically verified when the corresponding author is requested to complete the relevant affiliation information after acceptance of the paper during the production process. Corresponding authors not affiliated to institutes with Open Access Agreements are redirected to proceed with “Please select your publishing model” and have to decide between paying the current Open Access fee (for details see "Open Access Fee and Funding" on the journal website and 1.1.2 Open Choice Programme) or choosing the subscription option without any publication charges (see 1.1.4 Subscription Option).</p> <p>1.1.2 <strong>Open Choice Programme:</strong> If the Open Access fee is not covered by an Open Access (OA) Agreement, corresponding authors who want to publish Open Access can order Open Choice and will receive an invoice for the current Open Access fee (for details see "Open Access Fee and Funding" on the individual journal websites and <a href="https://www.springer.com/gp/open-access/springer-open-choice" target="_blank"><em>Open Choice Programme</em></a>) </p> <p>1.1.3 <strong>Further information</strong> for authors seeking support in funding open access publication charges can be found <a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/funding/articles" target="_blank">here</a>.</p> <p>1.1.4 <strong>Subscription Option:</strong> Authors not affiliated to an institute with an Open Access (OA) Agreement who do not want to publish and pay for Open Access, can choose the subscription option without any publication charges when selecting the publishing model during the publishing process. <h3>1.2. Fully sponsored OA journal </h3> <p><a href="https://www.springer.com/journal/10052/" target="_blank"><em>European Physical Journal C (EPJ C)</em></a> funded by <a href="https://scoap3.org/" target="_blank"> SCOAP<sup>3</sup></a>.</p> <h3>1.3. Fully OA journals with article publication charges </h3> <p><a href="https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/submission-guidelines/fees-and-funding" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Data Science (EPJ DS)</em></a> </p> <p><a href="https://epjquantumtechnology.springeropen.com/submission-guidelines/fees-and-funding" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Quantum Technology (EPJ QT)</em></a> </p> <p><a href="https://epjtechniquesandinstrumentation.springeropen.com/submission-guidelines/fees-and-funding" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Techniques and Instrumentation (EPJ TI)</em></a> </p> <h3>2. Journals following EDP Sciences open access policies</h3> <h3>2.1 Hybrid journal with article publication charges </h3> <p><a href="https://www.epjap.org/author-information/open-access-option-oao" target="_blank"><em>European Physical Journal Applied Physics (EPJ AP)</em></a></p> <p>2.1.1. <a href="https://www.edpsciences.org/en/publication-charges#anchor_Transformative_agreements" target="_blank"><em>Transformative Read and Publish agreements</em></a> </p> <h3>2.2. Fully OA journals with article publication charges</h3> <p><a href="https://www.edpsciences.org/en/publication-charges#epjpv" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Photovoltaics (EPJ PV)</em></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.edpsciences.org/en/publication-charges#epjam" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Applied Metamaterials (EPJ AM)</em></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.edpsciences.org/en/publication-charges#epjn" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies (EPJ N)</em></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.edpsciences.org/en/publication-charges#anchor_Publication-Charges-for-conferences" target="_blank"><em>EPJ Web of Conferences (EPJ WoC)</em></a></p> </div> </div> <div id="col3"> <div class="searchbox"> <form id="search" action="https://www.epj.org/component/solr/?task=epj_search&f=epj" method="post" class="block search"> <input type="text" placeholder="search terms" class="s1" name="q"> <input type="text" placeholder="volume" class="s2" name="volume"> <input type="text" placeholder="page/art. number" class="s3" name="first_page"> <input type="text" placeholder="year" class="s4" name="year"> <input type="hidden" name="search_in" value="cluster_current_epj"> <select name="search_in_value"> <option value="">All current EPJ and Archives</option> <option value="epjap">Eur. 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