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id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_career:_Graham_Collier's_group_and_Nucleus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career:_Graham_Collier's_group_and_Nucleus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early career: Graham Collier's group and Nucleus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career:_Graham_Collier's_group_and_Nucleus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soft_Machine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soft_Machine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Soft Machine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soft_Machine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Other works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musical_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musical_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Musical style</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Musical_style-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Musical style subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Musical_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lyrics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyrics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lyrics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyrics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_achievements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_achievements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Awards and achievements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_achievements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Discography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Discography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Discography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-With_Graham_Collier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Graham_Collier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>With Graham Collier</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Graham_Collier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Neil_Ardley_–_Don_Rendell_–_Ian_Carr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Neil_Ardley_–_Don_Rendell_–_Ian_Carr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>With Neil Ardley – Don Rendell – Ian Carr</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Neil_Ardley_–_Don_Rendell_–_Ian_Carr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Tim_Rice_and_Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Tim_Rice_and_Andrew_Lloyd_Webber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>With Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Tim_Rice_and_Andrew_Lloyd_Webber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Nucleus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Nucleus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>With Nucleus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Nucleus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Elton_John" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Elton_John"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>With Elton John</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Elton_John-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_The_Chitinous_Ensemble" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_The_Chitinous_Ensemble"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>With The Chitinous Ensemble</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_The_Chitinous_Ensemble-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Linda_Hoyle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Linda_Hoyle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>With Linda Hoyle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Linda_Hoyle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Barry_Guy/The_London_Jazz_Composers'_Orchestra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Barry_Guy/The_London_Jazz_Composers'_Orchestra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.8</span> <span>With Barry Guy/The London Jazz Composers' Orchestra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Barry_Guy/The_London_Jazz_Composers'_Orchestra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Soft_Machine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Soft_Machine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.9</span> <span>With Soft Machine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Soft_Machine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Mike_Oldfield" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Mike_Oldfield"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.10</span> <span>With Mike Oldfield</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Mike_Oldfield-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Planet_Earth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Planet_Earth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.11</span> <span>With Planet Earth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Planet_Earth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Plaza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Plaza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.12</span> <span>With Plaza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Plaza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Rollercoaster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Rollercoaster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.13</span> <span>With Rollercoaster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Rollercoaster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Mike_Ratledge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Mike_Ratledge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.14</span> <span>With Mike Ratledge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Mike_Ratledge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_JAR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_JAR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.15</span> <span>With JAR</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_JAR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-With_Kiri_Te_Kanawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#With_Kiri_Te_Kanawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.16</span> <span>With Kiri Te Kanawa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-With_Kiri_Te_Kanawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adiemus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adiemus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.17</span> <span>Adiemus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adiemus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compilations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compilations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.18</span> <span>Compilations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compilations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_score" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_score"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.19</span> <span>Film score</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_score-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_works_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_works_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.20</span> <span>Other works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_works_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Karl Jenkins</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2" title="كارل جينكنز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارل جينكنز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Cenkins" title="Karl Cenkins – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Karl Cenkins" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کارل جنکینز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کارل جنکینز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کارل جنکینز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارل جنکینز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC_%EC%A0%B1%ED%82%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="칼 젱킨스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼 젱킨스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%92%27%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="קארל ג'נקינס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קארל ג'נקינס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2" title="كارل جينكنز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كارل جينكنز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="カール・ジェンキンス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カール・ジェンキンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB" title="Дженкинс, Карл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дженкинс, Карл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karl Jenkins" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Welsh musician and composer (born 1944)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people with similar names, see <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jenkins_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Carl Jenkins (disambiguation)">Carl Jenkins (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 78%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Bachelor" title="Knight Bachelor">Sir</a></div><div class="">Karl Jenkins</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 78%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music">FRAM</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Fellow_of_the_Learned_Society_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales">HonFLSW</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Jenkins in 2017"><img alt="Jenkins in 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png/220px-Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png/330px-Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png/440px-Karl_Jenkins_-_St_David_Awards_2017.png 2x" data-file-width="937" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Jenkins in 2017</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Birth name</span></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Karl William Pamp Jenkins</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1944-02-17</span>) </span>17 February 1944<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 80)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Penclawdd" title="Penclawdd">Penclawdd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gower_Peninsula" title="Gower Peninsula">Gower</a>, Wales (Now part of Swansea)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li><li>rock</li><li>classical</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Composer</li><li>musician</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instruments</th><td class="infobox-data note"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Keyboards</li><li>oboe</li><li>flute</li><li>saxophones</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Years active</span></th><td class="infobox-data">1970–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Records" title="Virgin Records">Virgin</a>/<a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/EMI_Classics" title="EMI Classics">EMI Classics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nucleus_(band)" title="Nucleus (band)">Nucleus</a></li><li>Adiemus</li><li><a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://karljenkins.com">karljenkins<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div> <p><b>Sir Karl William Pamp Jenkins</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-LG59446_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG59446-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music">FRAM</a></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Fellow_of_the_Learned_Society_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales">HonFLSW</a> (born 17 February 1944) is a Welsh multi-instrumentalist and composer. His best known works include the song "<a href="/wiki/Adiemus_(song)" title="Adiemus (song)">Adiemus</a>" (1995, from the <a href="/wiki/Adiemus_(albums)" title="Adiemus (albums)"><i>Adiemus</i> album series</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(Jenkins)" title="Palladio (Jenkins)">Palladio</a></i> (1995), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Armed_Man" title="The Armed Man">The Armed Man</a></i> (2000), his <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Jenkins)" title="Requiem (Jenkins)">Requiem</a> (2005) and his <a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater" title="Stabat Mater">Stabat Mater</a> (2008). </p><p>Jenkins was educated in music at <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff University</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a>, and he is a <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">fellow</a> and an associate of the latter. He joined the <a href="/wiki/Jazz-rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz-rock">jazz-rock</a> band <a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a> in 1972 and became the group's lead songwriter in 1974. He continued to work with Soft Machine until 1984, but has not been involved with any incarnation of the group since. He has composed music for advertising campaigns and has won the industry prize twice. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jenkins was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Penclawdd" title="Penclawdd">Penclawdd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gower_Peninsula" title="Gower Peninsula">Gower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> (now part of <a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a>). His mother was Swedish, and his father was Welsh. He received his initial musical instruction from his father, who was the local schoolteacher, chapel organist and choirmaster. He attended <a href="/wiki/Gowerton_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Gowerton Grammar School">Gowerton Grammar School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CardUniKJ_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CardUniKJ-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins studied music at Cardiff University and then commenced postgraduate studies in London at the Royal Academy of Music.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career:_Graham_Collier's_group_and_Nucleus"><span id="Early_career:_Graham_Collier.27s_group_and_Nucleus"></span>Early career: Graham Collier's group and Nucleus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career: Graham Collier's group and Nucleus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the bulk of his early career, Jenkins was known as a <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jazz-rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz-rock">jazz-rock</a> musician, playing <a href="/wiki/Baritone_saxophone" title="Baritone saxophone">baritone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soprano_saxophone" title="Soprano saxophone">soprano saxophones</a>, keyboards and oboe, an unusual instrument in a jazz context. He joined jazz composer <a href="/wiki/Graham_Collier" title="Graham Collier">Graham Collier</a>'s group and later co-founded the jazz-rock group <a href="/wiki/Nucleus_(band)" title="Nucleus (band)">Nucleus</a>, which won first prize at the <a href="/wiki/Montreux_Jazz_Festival" title="Montreux Jazz Festival">Montreux Jazz Festival</a> in 1970. In 1971, Jenkins collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Linda_Hoyle" title="Linda Hoyle">Linda Hoyle</a> on her album <a href="/wiki/Pieces_of_Me_(Linda_Hoyle_album)" title="Pieces of Me (Linda Hoyle album)"><i>Pieces of Me</i></a>, co-writing 8 of the 11 tracks, playing piano and oboe, as well as arranging and conducting the orchestra.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soft_Machine">Soft Machine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Soft Machine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, Jenkins joined the <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_scene" title="Canterbury scene">Canterbury</a> jazz fusion rock band <a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a>, playing saxophone, oboe and flute along with keyboard instruments. The group played venues including <a href="/wiki/The_Proms" class="mw-redirect" title="The Proms">The Proms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival" title="Newport Jazz Festival">Newport Jazz Festival</a>. The album <i><a href="/wiki/Six_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Six (Soft Machine album)">Six</a></i>, on which Jenkins first played with Soft Machine, won the <i><a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" title="Melody Maker">Melody Maker</a></i> British Jazz Album of the Year award in 1973. Jenkins also won the miscellaneous musical instrument section (as he did the following year). Soft Machine was voted best small group in the Melody Maker jazz poll of 1974. The albums in which Jenkins performed and composed were <i><a href="/wiki/Six_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Six (Soft Machine album)">Six</a></i> (1973), <i><a href="/wiki/Seven_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Seven (Soft Machine album)">Seven</a></i> (1973), <i><a href="/wiki/Bundles_(album)" title="Bundles (album)">Bundles</a></i> (1975), <i><a href="/wiki/Softs_(album)" title="Softs (album)">Softs</a></i> (1976), <i><a href="/wiki/Alive_%26_Well:_Recorded_in_Paris" title="Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris">Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris</a></i> (1978) and <i><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Cockayne_(album)" title="Land of Cockayne (album)">Land of Cockayne</a></i> (1981). Jenkins was the group's primary composer on <i>Seven</i> and the subsequent four albums. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Mike_Ratledge" title="Mike Ratledge">Mike Ratledge</a> left the band in 1976, Soft Machine did not include any of its founding members, but kept recording on a project basis with line-ups revolving around Jenkins and drummer <a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_(drummer)" title="John Marshall (drummer)">John Marshall</a>. Although <i>Melody Maker</i> had positively reviewed the Soft Machine of 1973 and 1974, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hopper" title="Hugh Hopper">Hugh Hopper</a>, involved with the group since replacing bassist <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Ayers" title="Kevin Ayers">Kevin Ayers</a> in 1968, cited Jenkins's "third rate" musical involvement in his own decision to leave the band,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the band of the late 1970s has been described by band member <a href="/wiki/John_Etheridge" title="John Etheridge">John Etheridge</a> as wasting its potential.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works">Other works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/220px--St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="65" data-mwtitle="St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm/St_David_Awards_Finalist_2015_-_Dr_Karl_Jenkins_CBE.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Karl Jenkins at the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a>'s <a href="/wiki/St_David_Awards" title="St David Awards">St David Awards</a> (2015)</figcaption></figure></div></div> <p>In November 1973, Jenkins and Ratledge participated in a live-in-the-studio performance of <a href="/wiki/Mike_Oldfield" title="Mike Oldfield">Mike Oldfield</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Tubular_Bells" title="Tubular Bells">Tubular Bells</a></i> for the BBC.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is available on Oldfield's <i><a href="/wiki/Elements_%E2%80%93_The_Best_of_Mike_Oldfield_(video)" title="Elements – The Best of Mike Oldfield (video)">Elements</a></i> DVD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jenkins has created advertising music, twice winning the industry prize in that field. From the 1980s, he developed a relationship with <a href="/wiki/Bartle_Bogle_Hegarty" title="Bartle Bogle Hegarty">Bartle Bogle Hegarty</a>, starting with composing musics for their <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co." title="Levi Strauss & Co.">Levi's</a> jeans "Russian" series. He composed a classical theme used by <a href="/wiki/De_Beers" title="De Beers">De Beers</a> diamond merchants for their television <a href="/wiki/Advertising_campaign" title="Advertising campaign">advertising campaign</a> focusing on jewellery worn by people otherwise seen only in <a href="/wiki/Silhouette" title="Silhouette">silhouette</a>. Jenkins later included this as the title track in a compilation called <i>Diamond Music</i>, and eventually created <i><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(Jenkins)" title="Palladio (Jenkins)">Palladio</a></i>, using it as the theme of the first movement. Other arrangements have included advertisements for the <a href="/wiki/Renault_Clio" title="Renault Clio">Renault Clio</a>. </p><p>As a composer, his breakthrough came with the crossover project <i><a href="/wiki/Adiemus_(albums)" title="Adiemus (albums)">Adiemus</a></i>. Jenkins has conducted the <i>Adiemus</i> project in Japan, Germany, Spain, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, as well as London's <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battersea_Power_Station" title="Battersea Power Station">Battersea Power Station</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Adiemus:_Songs_of_Sanctuary" title="Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary">Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary</a></i> (1995) album topped the classical album charts. It spawned a series of successors, each revolving around a central theme. In 2014 Jenkins released a tribute song for the <a href="/wiki/2014_Winter_Olympics" title="2014 Winter Olympics">2014 Winter Olympics</a>, performed by his <a href="/wiki/New_age_music" class="mw-redirect" title="New age music">new age music</a> group also called Adiemus.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins was the first international composer and conductor to conduct the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Johannesburg" title="University of Johannesburg">University of Johannesburg</a> Kingsway Choir led by Renette Bouwer, during his visit to South Africa as the choir performed his <i><a href="/wiki/The_Armed_Man" title="The Armed Man">The Armed Man: A mass for peace</a></i> together with a 70-piece orchestra. In November 2024, the "Benedictus" from the mass, was the subject of the BBC Radio 4 programme <i><a href="/wiki/Soul_Music_(radio_series)" title="Soul Music (radio series)">Soul Music</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins' choral work <i>The Peacemakers</i> was first performed in New York City's Carnegie Hall on 16 January 2012. Jenkins conducted from the podium and John H. Briggs, Sr. conducted the Children's Chorus from a seated position.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seventeen-movement piece features extracts from religious texts and works by notable humanitarians. A recording was released on 26 March 2012; it features the <a href="/wiki/London_Symphony_Orchestra" title="London Symphony Orchestra">London Symphony Orchestra</a> and several choirs, as well as guest vocalists and instrumentalists. Additional concerts in the UK and US took place later in the year.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (November 2022)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru,_album_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg/180px-The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg/270px-The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg/360px-The_Bards_Of_Wales_-_Beirdd_Cymru%2C_album_cover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="357" /></a><figcaption>Album cover of <i>The Bards of Wales</i> (2012)</figcaption></figure> <p>Jenkins composed the music for the 2012 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Wales">BBC Wales</a> series <i>The Story of Wales</i> presented by <a href="/wiki/Huw_Edwards_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Huw Edwards (journalist)">Huw Edwards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A work entitled <i>The Healer – A Cantata For St Luke</i> was premiered on 16 October 2014 (7:30 pm) in St Luke's Church, <a href="/wiki/Grayshott" title="Grayshott">Grayshott</a>, Hampshire, and was recorded and broadcast on <a href="/wiki/Classic_FM_(UK)" title="Classic FM (UK)">Classic FM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Healer</i> received its US premiere at Carnegie Hall, New York on 19 January 2015. In September 2015, the recording of the premiere of <i>The Healer</i> was released on CD by Warner Classics as part of the 8-disc boxed set <i>Voices</i>. </p><p>A compilation CD <i>Still with the Music</i> was also released in September 2015, coinciding with the publication of his autobiography of the same name.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 8 October 2016 Jenkins' choral work <i>Cantata Memoria: For the children</i>, a response to the 1966 <a href="/wiki/Aberfan_disaster" title="Aberfan disaster">Aberfan disaster</a> with a libretto by <a href="/wiki/Mererid_Hopwood" title="Mererid Hopwood">Mererid Hopwood</a> and commissioned by <a href="/wiki/S4C" title="S4C">S4C</a>, premiered at the <a href="/wiki/Wales_Millennium_Centre" title="Wales Millennium Centre">Wales Millennium Centre</a>. The concert was broadcast the following evening on S4C and was released as an album by <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_style">Musical style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Musical style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyrics">Lyrics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lyrics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many of the songs written by Jenkins have specifically written phonetic lyrics, but they are not in any language.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, they are syllables intended to have a musical effect, but not to carry any specific meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This <a href="/wiki/Glossolalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossolalia">glossolalia</a> is similar to the sounds of "<a href="/wiki/Scat_singing" title="Scat singing">scat singing</a>", except that this latter artform sometimes emphasises of-the-moment <a href="/wiki/Musical_improvisation" title="Musical improvisation">improvisation</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-Childed_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Childed-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The composer has said the lyrics to his "<a href="/wiki/Adiemus_(albums)" title="Adiemus (albums)">Adiemus</a>" series of songs are in "an invented language", and have no particular meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has observed, "The text was written phonetically with the words viewed as instrumental sound, the idea being to maximise the <a href="/wiki/Melisma" title="Melisma">melisma</a> by removing the distraction, if one can call it that, of words”.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some listeners compare his lyrics to the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> language, but other critics discount such a connection.<sup id="cite_ref-Barone_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barone-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other songs he has written use Biblical or literary texts for the lyrics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_achievements">Awards and achievements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Awards and achievements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jenkins was awarded an honorary <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Music" title="Doctor of Music">doctorate in music</a> by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales" title="University of Wales">University of Wales</a> in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has been made both a <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music">fellow</a> (FRAM) and an associate (ARAM) of the Royal Academy of Music] in 2003,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a room has been named in his honour. He also has had fellowships at Cardiff University (2005),<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Welsh_College_of_Music_%26_Drama" title="Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama">Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Carmarthen" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity College Carmarthen">Trinity College Carmarthen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swansea_Metropolitan_University" title="Swansea Metropolitan University">Swansea Metropolitan University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, he was elected as an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Fellow_of_the_Learned_Society_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales">Honorary Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales</a> (HonFLSW).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Jenkins' <i>The Armed Man</i> was listed as No. 1 in Classic FM's "Top 10 by living composers".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has been awarded an honorary doctorate in music by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">University of Leicester</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Chancellor's Medal by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Glamorgan" title="University of Glamorgan">University of Glamorgan</a> and honorary visiting <a href="/wiki/Professorships" class="mw-redirect" title="Professorships">professorships</a> at <a href="/wiki/Thames_Valley_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Thames Valley University">Thames Valley University</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_College_of_Music" title="London College of Music">London College of Music</a> and the ATriUM, <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins was appointed an <a href="/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer of the Order of the British Empire">Officer of the Order of the British Empire</a> (OBE) in the <a href="/wiki/2005_New_Year_Honours" title="2005 New Year Honours">2005 New Year Honours</a> and promoted to <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Commander of the same Order</a> (CBE) in the <a href="/wiki/2010_Birthday_Honours" title="2010 Birthday Honours">2010 Birthday Honours</a>, in both cases for services to music.<sup id="cite_ref-LG59446_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG59446-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2015_Birthday_Honours" title="2015 Birthday Honours">2015 Birthday Honours</a> he was made a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Bachelor" title="Knight Bachelor">Knight Bachelor</a> "for services to Composing and Crossing Musical Genres."<sup id="cite_ref-GBR_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GBR-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins is joint president of the <a href="/wiki/British_Double_Reed_Society" title="British Double Reed Society">British Double Reed Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Patron of the International Schools Choral Music Society (ISCMS).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Jenkins received the <a href="/wiki/BASCA" class="mw-redirect" title="BASCA">BASCA</a> Gold Badge Award for his unique contribution to music.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jenkins' work <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Tros y Garreg</i></span> (Welsh for Crossing the Stone) was performed at the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Charles_III_and_Camilla" title="Coronation of Charles III and Camilla">coronation</a> of <a href="/wiki/King_Charles_III" class="mw-redirect" title="King Charles III">King Charles III</a> in 2023,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Jenkins in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Graham_Collier">With Graham Collier</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: With Graham Collier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>The Graham Collier Septet</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Deep Dark Blue Center</i> (1967) – Jenkins: Baritone saxophone. With <a href="/wiki/John_Marshall" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a> on drums, future <a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>The Graham Collier Sextet</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Down Another Road</i> (1969) Piano, oboe. Jenkins composed <i>Lullaby For A Lonely Child</i>, John Marshall on drums</li></ul> <dl><dt>Compilations</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Workpoints</i> (2005) – Jenkins, soprano and baritone sax</li> <li><i>Deep Dark Blue Centre / Portraits / The Alternate Mosaics</i> (2008) 2 CD – With <a href="/wiki/Alan_Wakeman" title="Alan Wakeman">Alan Wakeman</a>, John Marshall, Harold Beckett, <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Wheeler" title="Kenny Wheeler">Kenny Wheeler</a>.</li> <li><i>Relook : Graham Collier 1937–2011: </i>A Memorial 75th Birthday Celebration<i> (2012) With John Marshall, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Evans_(trombonist)" title="Nick Evans (trombonist)">Nick Evans</a>, Gary Burton, Frank Ricotti, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Babbington" title="Roy Babbington">Roy Babbington</a>, Kenny Wheeler, Alan Wakeman etc.</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Neil_Ardley_–_Don_Rendell_–_Ian_Carr"><span id="With_Neil_Ardley_.E2.80.93_Don_Rendell_.E2.80.93_Ian_Carr"></span>With Neil Ardley – Don Rendell – Ian Carr</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: With Neil Ardley – Don Rendell – Ian Carr"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Greek Variations & Other Aegean Exercises</i> (1970) – With <a href="/wiki/Jack_Bruce" title="Jack Bruce">Jack Bruce</a>, Jeff Clyne, Roy Babbington, John Marshall, Barbara Thompson, etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Tim_Rice_and_Andrew_Lloyd_Webber">With Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: With Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ_Superstar_(album)" title="Jesus Christ Superstar (album)">Jesus Christ Superstar</a></i> – (1970) Starring John Marshall, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Gillan" title="Ian Gillan">Ian Gillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murray_Head" title="Murray Head">Murray Head</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._Peter_Robinson" title="J. Peter Robinson">J. Peter Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Spedding" title="Chris Spedding">Chris Spedding</a>, etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Nucleus">With Nucleus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: With Nucleus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Nucleus</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Elastic_Rock" title="Elastic Rock">Elastic Rock</a></i> (1970) – Chris Spedding on guitar, John Marshall on drums, album cover by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Dean_(artist)" title="Roger Dean (artist)">Roger Dean</a>.</li> <li><i>We'll Talk About It Later</i> (1971)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Ian Carr with Nucleus</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Solar Plexus</i> (1971)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Compilation</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Direct Hits</i> (1976)</li> <li><i>Elastic Rock / We'll Talk About It Later</i> (1994) 2 CD</li> <li><i>Solar Plexus / Belladonna</i> (2002) 2 CD</li> <li><i>Alleycat / Direct Hits</i> (2004) 2 CD</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Elton_John">With <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: With Elton John"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tumbleweed_Connection" title="Tumbleweed Connection">Tumbleweed Connection</a></i> (1970) – Oboe on <i>Come Down in Time</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_The_Chitinous_Ensemble">With The Chitinous Ensemble</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: With The Chitinous Ensemble"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Chitinous</i> (1971) – With <a href="/wiki/Paul_Buckmaster" title="Paul Buckmaster">Paul Buckmaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nucleus_(band)" title="Nucleus (band)">Nucleus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Carr" title="Ian Carr">Ian Carr</a>, etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Linda_Hoyle">With <a href="/wiki/Linda_Hoyle" title="Linda Hoyle">Linda Hoyle</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: With Linda Hoyle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pieces_of_Me_(Linda_Hoyle_album)" title="Pieces of Me (Linda Hoyle album)"><i>Pieces of Me</i></a> (1971) – Jenkins piano, oboe, arranging and conducting orchestra; <a href="/wiki/Chris_Spedding" title="Chris Spedding">Chris Spedding</a> guitars; <a href="/wiki/John_Stanley_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="John Stanley Marshall">John Marshall</a> drums, percussion; <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Clyne" title="Jeff Clyne">Jeff Clyne</a> bass.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Barry_Guy/The_London_Jazz_Composers'_Orchestra"><span id="With_Barry_Guy.2FThe_London_Jazz_Composers.27_Orchestra"></span>With Barry Guy/The London Jazz Composers' Orchestra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: With Barry Guy/The London Jazz Composers' Orchestra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Ode</i> (1972) – Jenkins Oboe and soprano and baritone sax <a href="/wiki/Marc_Charig" class="mw-redirect" title="Marc Charig">Marc Charig</a> on bugle, Alan Wakeman on tenor and soprano saxes, future Soft Machine and cousin of <a href="/wiki/Rick_Wakeman" title="Rick Wakeman">Rick Wakeman</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Soft_Machine">With <a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: With Soft Machine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Albums studio</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Six_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Six (Soft Machine album)">Six</a></i> (1973) – Jenkins keyboards and horns, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Ratledge" title="Mike Ratledge">Mike Ratledge</a> keyboards, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hopper" title="Hugh Hopper">Hugh Hopper</a> bass guitar, John Marshall drums</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seven_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Seven (Soft Machine album)">Seven</a></i> (1973) – Same except Roy Babbington replaced Hopper on bass.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bundles_(album)" title="Bundles (album)">Bundles</a></i> (1975) – <a href="/wiki/Allan_Holdsworth" title="Allan Holdsworth">Allan Holdsworth</a> added on guitar. Last album with Mike Ratledge.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Softs_(album)" title="Softs (album)">Softs</a></i> (1976) – <a href="/wiki/John_Etheridge" title="John Etheridge">John Etheridge</a> replaced Holdsworth and Alan Wakeman added on saxes. Jenkins only plays keyboards from this point.</li> <li><i>Rubber Riff</i> (1976) – Originally an album for libraries providing "modern rock music featuring keyboards and guitar" composed by Karl Jenkins. As well as Jenkins some other then-current Soft Machine members played on the album. Reissued as in 1994 under the "Soft Machine" name.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Cockayne_(album)" title="Land of Cockayne (album)">Land of Cockayne</a></i> (1981) – Last Soft Machine album with Jenkins: Jenkins keyboards, John Taylor electric piano Fender Rhodes, Allan Holdsworth and Alan Parker guitars, Jack Bruce bass guitar, Ray Warleigh sax and flute, Dick Morrissey tenor sax, John Marshall drums.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Live albums</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alive_%26_Well:_Recorded_in_Paris" title="Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris">Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris</a></i> (1978) – Jenkins keyboards, John Etheridge guitar, Steve Cook bass guitar, John Marshall drums, Rick Sanders violin.</li> <li><i>BBC Radio 1971 – 1974</i> (2003)</li> <li><i>British Tour '75</i> (2005)</li> <li><i>Floating World Live</i> (2006) – Recorded in 1975.</li> <li><i>NDR Jazz Workshop</i> (2010) CD + DVD – Recorded in 1973</li> <li><i>Switzerland 1974</i> (2015) CD + DVD</li></ul> <dl><dt>Compilations</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Triple Echo</i> (1977) – Available on vinyl on a triple album. Jenkins on the last 4 pieces</li> <li><i>The Untouchable</i> (1990)</li> <li><i>As If...</i> (1991) – Contains songs from the <i> Third </i>, <i> Fourth </i>, <i> Fifth </i> & <i> Sixth </i> albums.</li> <li><i>Softs / Alive And Well (Recorded In Paris) / Bundles</i> (1992) – 3 CDs</li> <li><i>The Best Of Soft Machine – The Harvest Years</i> (1995)</li> <li><i>De Wolfe Sessions</i> (2002) – Presented as Karl Jenkins' Soft Machine.</li> <li><i>MP3 Collection</i> (2003) – Contains albums <i>Volume One (The Soft Machine)</i> to <i>Rubber Riff</i> + <i>At the beginning</i><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Six + Seven</i> (2004) – 2 CDs</li> <li><i>Out-Bloody-Rageous An Anthology 1967–1973</i> (2005) – 2 CDs</li> <li><i>Tales Of Taliesin (The EMI Years Anthology 1975–1981)</i> (2010) – 2 CDs</li> <li><i>Original Album Classics</i> (2010) – Contains albums from <i>Third</i> to <i>Seven</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Mike_Oldfield">With Mike Oldfield</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: With Mike Oldfield"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Tubular Bells</i> – BBC 1973 – Recorded live in studio for the BBC in November 1973 and released in 1993. Available on DVD <i>Elements – The Best of Mike Oldfield</i>.</li> <li><i>Music of the spheres</i> (2008) – Jenkins; orchestrations, string direction and production.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Planet_Earth">With Planet Earth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: With Planet Earth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Planet Earth</i> – Avec Mike Ratledge, Tristan Fry, etc. (1978)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Plaza">With Plaza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: With Plaza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Plaza</i> – With Mike Thorne and Mike Ratledge. (1979)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Rollercoaster">With Rollercoaster</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: With Rollercoaster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Wonderin'</i> – With Mike Ratledge, Dick Morrisey, Ray Warleigh, etc. (1980)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Mike_Ratledge">With Mike Ratledge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: With Mike Ratledge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Cuts For Commercials Volume 3</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>For Christmas, For Children</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>Movement</i> (2010)</li> <li><i>Some Shufflin'</i> (2010)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_JAR">With JAR</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: With JAR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Only You/Ballad From An Unmade Movie</i> – Single from The Projet <i>Jenkins Aspery Ratledge</i>, JAR (1988)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="With_Kiri_Te_Kanawa">With Kiri Te Kanawa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: With Kiri Te Kanawa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Kiri Sings Karl</i> (2006) – Jenkins orchestration and production</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adiemus">Adiemus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Adiemus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Adiemus_(albums)" title="Adiemus (albums)">Adiemus (albums)</a></div> <dl><dt>Studio albums</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary</i> (1995) – With Mike Ratledge on drums programming and production</li> <li><i>Adiemus II: Cantata Mundi</i> (1997)</li> <li><i>Adiemus III: Dances of Time</i> (1998)</li> <li><i>Adiemus IV: The Eternal Knot</i> (2001)</li> <li><i>Adiemus Live</i> (2001)</li> <li><i>Adiemus V: Vocalise</i> (2003)</li> <li><i>Adiemus Colores</i> (2013)</li> <li><i>Symphonic Adiemus</i> (2017)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compilations">Compilations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Compilations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Diamond Music</i> (1996) – Jenkins/The London Philharmonic/The Smith Quartet</li> <li><i>The Best Of Adiemus – The Journey</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>The Essential Collection</i> (2006)</li> <li><i>The Very Best of Karl Jenkins</i> (2011) – 2 CDs</li> <li><i>Adiemus The Collection</i> (2013) – Coffret 6 CDs</li> <li><i>Still With The Music (The Album)</i> (2015)</li> <li><i>Voices</i> – 8-CD boxset including the premiere of <i>The Healer – A Cantata for St Luke</i>. (2015)</li> <li><i>The Very Best of Karl Jenkins</i> (2019)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_score">Film score</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Film score"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/River_Queen" title="River Queen">River Queen</a> – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack</i> (2007)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works_2">Other works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Other works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Nomination</i> (1976) – Jenkins/Peter Milray</li> <li><i>Topsy Turvy</i> (1986) – Jenkins/Jack Trombey</li> <li><i>Merry Christmas to the World</i> (1995) – Collection of traditional Christmas carols orchestrated by Jenkins (In Adiemus Style)</li> <li><i>Palladio</i> (1996)</li> <li><i>Eloise</i> (1997) – Opéra</li> <li><i>Imagined Oceans</i> (1998)</li> <li><i>New Music from Karl Jenkins</i> (1998) – Sampler</li> <li><i>Harmonia – Le Chant des rêves</i> (1998) – Compilation with Mike Oldfield et <a href="/wiki/Vangelis" title="Vangelis">Vangelis</a></li> <li><i>Dewi Sant</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>The Armed Man: A Mass for Peace</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>Over the Stone</i> (2002) – Concerto for two harps</li> <li><i>Crossing the Stone</i> (2003)</li> <li><i>Ave Verum</i> (2004)</li> <li>Quirk (2004)</li> <li>La Folia (2004)</li> <li><i>In These Stones Horizons Sing</i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Jenkins)" title="Requiem (Jenkins)">Requiem</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i>River Queen</i> (2005) – original film score <i>River Queen</i> by New Zealand director Vincent Ward</li> <li><i>Tlep</i> (2006)</li> <li><i>This Land of Ours</i> (2007) – with Cory Band and Cantorion</li> <li>Sarikiz (2008)</li> <li><i>Stabat Mater</i> (2008)</li> <li><i>Quirk – The Concertos</i> (2008) – This album is a compilation of concertos by the composer that were previously commercially unavailable. These are: "Over the Stone" (2002), La Folia (2004), Quirk (2004) and also includes new concerto "Sarikiz" (2008).</li> <li><i>Stella Natalis</i> (2009)</li> <li><i>Gloria / Te Deum</i> (2010) – with <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Westenra" title="Hayley Westenra">Hayley Westenra</a></li> <li><i>The Bards of Wales</i> (2011)</li> <li><i>Motets</i> (2014)</li> <li><i>Cantata Memoria</i> (2016) – in tribute to the victims (116 children and 28 adults) of the <a href="/wiki/Aberfan_disaster" title="Aberfan disaster">Aberfan disaster</a>, on 21 October 1966</li> <li><i>Songs Of Mercy And Redemption </i> (2019)</li> <li><i>Piano</i> (2019)</li> <li><i>One World</i> (2021-2022)</li> <li><i>Stravaganza</i> (2024) – with <a href="/wiki/Jess_Gillam" title="Jess Gillam">Jess Gillam</a> and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambient_music_artists" title="List of ambient music artists">List of ambient music artists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LG59446-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LG59446_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LG59446_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette59446" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59446/supplement/7">"No. 59446"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 12 June 2010. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+59446&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2010-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F59446%2Fsupplement%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CardUniKJ-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CardUniKJ_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150222162627/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/music/alumni/profiles/karljenkins.html">"Alumni: Karl Jenkins"</a>. Cardiff University School of Music. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/music/alumni/profiles/karljenkins.html">the original</a> on 22 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni%3A+Karl+Jenkins&rft.pub=Cardiff+University+School+of+Music&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardiff.ac.uk%2Fmusic%2Falumni%2Fprofiles%2Fkarljenkins.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karljenkins.com/biog">"Karl Jenkins: Biography"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karl+Jenkins%3A+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.karljenkins.com%2Fbiog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/karl-jenkins-mn0000131898/credits">"Karl Jenkins | Credits"</a>. <i>AllMusic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Karl+Jenkins+%7C+Credits&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fkarl-jenkins-mn0000131898%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Soft Machine: Out-Bloody-Rageous</i>, Graham Bennett, 2008 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946719-84-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-946719-84-5">0-946719-84-5</a>) p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Soft Machine: Out-Bloody-Rageous</i>, Graham Bennett, 2008 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946719-84-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-946719-84-5">0-946719-84-5</a>) p. 324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMike_Oldfield" class="citation web cs1">Mike Oldfield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memorabletv.com/global/uk-tv/second-house-tubular-bells-mike-oldfield/">"Second House: Tubular Bells"</a>. <i>Memorable TV</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memorable+TV&rft.atitle=Second+House%3A+Tubular+Bells&rft.au=Mike+Oldfield&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memorabletv.com%2Fglobal%2Fuk-tv%2Fsecond-house-tubular-bells-mike-oldfield%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlsen2014" class="citation web cs1">Olsen, John P. (8 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newagemusicworld.com/olympic-tribute-song-by-adiemus/">"Olympic Tribute Song by Adiemus"</a>. <i>New Age Music World</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Age+Music+World&rft.atitle=Olympic+Tribute+Song+by+Adiemus&rft.date=2014-01-08&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=John+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newagemusicworld.com%2Folympic-tribute-song-by-adiemus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0k2yz75">"BBC Radio 4 - Soul Music, Benedictus"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 9 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=BBC+Radio+4+-+Soul+Music%2C+Benedictus&rft.date=2024-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fp0k2yz75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.royalalberthall.com/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Persons&id=DS/UK/23">"Search Results"</a>. <i>catalogue.royalalberthall.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=catalogue.royalalberthall.com&rft.atitle=Search+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalogue.royalalberthall.com%2FRecord.aspx%3Fsrc%3DCalmView.Persons%26id%3DDS%2FUK%2F23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karljenkins.com/news/news-view/new-album-coming-soon-the-peacemakers">"Warner releases world-premiere recording of The Healer as part of 'Still With the Music' collection"</a>. Karl Jenkins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+releases+world-premiere+recording+of+The+Healer+as+part+of+%27Still+With+the+Music%27+collection&rft.pub=Karl+Jenkins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.karljenkins.com%2Fnews%2Fnews-view%2Fnew-album-coming-soon-the-peacemakers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2322215/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm">"The Story of Wales"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=The+Story+of+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt2322215%2Ffullcredits%3Fref_%3Dtt_ov_st_sm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023729/http://www.grayshott.com/wordpress/groups/grayshott-concerts/calendar/event/1397/">"Grayshott Concerts: World Premier of "The Healer – A Cantata for St Luke" by Karl Jenkins"</a>. <i>grayshott.com</i>. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grayshott.com/wordpress/groups/grayshott-concerts/calendar/event/1397">the original</a> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=grayshott.com&rft.atitle=Grayshott+Concerts%3A+World+Premier+of+%22The+Healer+%E2%80%93+A+Cantata+for+St+Luke%22+by+Karl+Jenkins&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grayshott.com%2Fwordpress%2Fgroups%2Fgrayshott-concerts%2Fcalendar%2Fevent%2F1397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2016" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Geraint (7 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-37575152">"Aberfan: Sir Karl Jenkins' choral memorial to disaster"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Aberfan%3A+Sir+Karl+Jenkins%27+choral+memorial+to+disaster&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Geraint&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-37575152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southwales-eveningpost.co.uk/elin-manahan-thomas-and-sir-karl-jenkins-s-aberfan-memorial/story-29787982-detail/story.html#3siLjDVL2Prf746K.99">"Elin Manahan Thomas and Karl Jenkins perform Aberfan memorial"</a>. southwales-eveningpost.co.uk. 8 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elin+Manahan+Thomas+and+Karl+Jenkins+perform+Aberfan+memorial&rft.date=2016-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southwales-eveningpost.co.uk%2Felin-manahan-thomas-and-sir-karl-jenkins-s-aberfan-memorial%2Fstory-29787982-detail%2Fstory.html%233siLjDVL2Prf746K.99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roberts-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2021" class="citation web cs1">Roberts, Maddy Shaw (5 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classicfm.com/composers/jenkins/karl-adiemus-lyrics-language-what-they-mean/">"The meaning behind the lyrics to 'Adiemus' by Karl Jenkins"</a>. <i>Classic FM</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+FM&rft.atitle=The+meaning+behind+the+lyrics+to+%27Adiemus%27+by+Karl+Jenkins&rft.date=2021-05-05&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Maddy+Shaw&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicfm.com%2Fcomposers%2Fjenkins%2Fkarl-adiemus-lyrics-language-what-they-mean%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Childed-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Childed_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChilded2021" class="citation web cs1">Childed, Serg (4 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musictales.club/article/meaningless-song-lyrics-adiemus">"The meaningless song lyrics of Adiemus"</a>. <i>MusicTales</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MusicTales&rft.atitle=The+meaningless+song+lyrics+of+Adiemus&rft.date=2021-04-04&rft.aulast=Childed&rft.aufirst=Serg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusictales.club%2Farticle%2Fmeaningless-song-lyrics-adiemus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barone-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Barone_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarone2016" class="citation web cs1">Barone, Brian (3 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/the-awl/an-aural-history-of-adiemus-89a7727e15e7">"An Aural History of "Adiemus"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Awl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Awl&rft.atitle=An+Aural+History+of+%22Adiemus%22&rft.date=2016-10-03&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fthe-awl%2Fan-aural-history-of-adiemus-89a7727e15e7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2006" class="citation web cs1">Edwards, Fiona (19 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/a28253/honorary-doctorate-for-adiemus-composer/">"Honorary doctorate for Adiemus composer"</a>. <i>DigitalSpy</i>. Hearst UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DigitalSpy&rft.atitle=Honorary+doctorate+for+Adiemus+composer&rft.date=2006-01-19&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Fshowbiz%2Fa28253%2Fhonorary-doctorate-for-adiemus-composer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ram.ac.uk/about-us/honours">"Honours"</a>. Royal Academy of Music.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honours&rft.pub=Royal+Academy+of+Music&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ram.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fhonours&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322085414/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/alumni/our-alumni/prominent-alumni/celebrity">"Cardiff University: Alumni"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/alumni/our-alumni/prominent-alumni/celebrity">the original</a> on 22 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cardiff+University%3A+Alumni&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardiff.ac.uk%2Falumni%2Four-alumni%2Fprominent-alumni%2Fcelebrity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.learnedsociety.wales/four-honorary-fellows-elected-to-learned-society-of-wales/">"Four Honorary Fellows Elected to Learned Society of Wales"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Learned_Society_of_Wales" title="Learned Society of Wales">Learned Society of Wales</a>. 3 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+Honorary+Fellows+Elected+to+Learned+Society+of+Wales&rft.pub=Learned+Society+of+Wales&rft.date=2022-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.learnedsociety.wales%2Ffour-honorary-fellows-elected-to-learned-society-of-wales%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classicfm.com/concerts-events/hall-fame/top-10-living-composers-2008/">"Top 10 by living composers"</a>. Classic FM. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+by+living+composers&rft.pub=Classic+FM&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicfm.com%2Fconcerts-events%2Fhall-fame%2Ftop-10-living-composers-2008%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Honorary graduates</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">University of Leicester</a>, <q>Jenkins has created advertising music, twice winning the industry prize in that field</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honorary+graduates&rft.pub=University+of+Leicester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (July 2023)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.halleonard.com/feature/304/explore-the-music-of-karl-jenkins">"Explore the Music of Karl Jenkins Hal Leonard Online"</a>. <i>Hal Leonard Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hal+Leonard+Online&rft.atitle=Explore+the+Music+of+Karl+Jenkins+Hal+Leonard+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.halleonard.com%2Ffeature%2F304%2Fexplore-the-music-of-karl-jenkins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/57509/supplement">"New Year Honours—United Kingdom"</a>, <i>The London Gazette of Thursday 30 December 2004 Supplement No. 1</i>; accessed 12 May 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/arts_entertainment/cbe+for+zeta+jones+knighthood+for+harwood/3677442">"Special Reports"</a>. <i>Channel 4 News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Channel+4+News&rft.atitle=Special+Reports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Farts_entertainment%2Fcbe%2Bfor%2Bzeta%2Bjones%2Bknighthood%2Bfor%2Bharwood%2F3677442&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GBR-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GBR_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United Kingdom: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette61256" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/61256/supplement/B2">"No. 61256"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i> (Supplement). 12 June 2015. p. B2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+61256&rft.pages=B2&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F61256%2Fsupplement%2FB2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/13/queens-birthday-honours-heres-the-full-list-5243692/">Metro, 13 June 2015</a>. Retrieved 26 June 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bdrs.org.uk/bdrs">"About the BDRS"</a>. British Double Reed Society. 24 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+BDRS&rft.pub=British+Double+Reed+Society&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bdrs.org.uk%2Fbdrs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_Gumble2016" class="citation news cs1">Daniel Gumble (4 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicweek.com/talent/read/basca-gold-badge-award-winners-revealed/066139">"BASCA Gold Badge Award winners revealed"</a>. <i>Music Week</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Week&rft.atitle=BASCA+Gold+Badge+Award+winners+revealed&rft.date=2016-10-04&rft.au=Daniel+Gumble&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Ftalent%2Fread%2Fbasca-gold-badge-award-winners-revealed%2F066139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-65485194">"King Charles III coronation: Sir Karl Jenkins piece to be played"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 5 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=King+Charles+III+coronation%3A+Sir+Karl+Jenkins+piece+to+be+played&rft.date=2023-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-65485194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYeates2023" class="citation news cs1">Yeates, Cydney (7 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metro.co.uk/2023/05/07/myleene-klass-reveals-sir-karl-jenkins-was-mystery-guest-at-kings-coronation-18742747/">"Myleene Klass debunks mystery surrounding identity of coronation guest"</a>. <i>Metro</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro&rft.atitle=Myleene+Klass+debunks+mystery+surrounding+identity+of+coronation+guest&rft.date=2023-05-07&rft.aulast=Yeates&rft.aufirst=Cydney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2023%2F05%2F07%2Fmyleene-klass-reveals-sir-karl-jenkins-was-mystery-guest-at-kings-coronation-18742747%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/fr/Soft-Machine-MP3-Collection/release/7018262">"Soft Machine – MP3 Collection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a></i>. 6 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discogs&rft.atitle=Soft+Machine+%E2%80%93+MP3+Collection&rft.date=2023-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2Ffr%2FSoft-Machine-MP3-Collection%2Frelease%2F7018262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKarl+Jenkins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Karl_Jenkins" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Karl Jenkins">Karl Jenkins</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karljenkins.com">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333168#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.calyx-canterbury.fr/mus/jenkins_karl.html">Biography at Calyx (Canterbury music website)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myspace.com/jenkinsadiemus">Karl Jenkins on <i>MySpace</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/music/sites/karl-jenkins/">Karl Jenkins biography from BBC Wales</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719001619/http://www.whatsonwales.co.uk/interviews/i/16114/l/1/">Karl Jenkins interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classicfm.com/composers/jenkins/guides/jenkins-70-life-in-pictures/">Karl Jenkins' life in pictures</a> on <a href="/wiki/Classic_FM_(UK)" title="Classic FM (UK)">Classic FM</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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href="/wiki/Cefn_Bryn" title="Cefn Bryn">Cefn Bryn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyne_Common" title="Clyne Common">Clyne Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairwood_Common" title="Fairwood Common">Fairwood Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Loughor" title="River Loughor">Loughor estuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beaches<br /><small>listed clockwise</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bracelet_Bay" title="Bracelet Bay">Bracelet Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limeslade_Bay" title="Limeslade Bay">Limeslade Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotherslade" title="Rotherslade">Rotherslade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langland_Bay" title="Langland Bay">Langland Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caswell_Bay" title="Caswell Bay">Caswell Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandy_Cove" title="Brandy Cove">Brandy Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwlldu_Bay" title="Pwlldu Bay">Pwlldu Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunts_Bay" title="Hunts Bay">Hunts Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Cliffs_Bay" title="Three Cliffs Bay">Pobbles Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Cliffs_Bay" title="Three Cliffs Bay">Three Cliffs Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Cliffs_Bay" title="Three Cliffs Bay">Tor Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxwich_Bay" title="Oxwich Bay">Oxwich Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slade_Bay" title="Slade Bay">Slade Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horton_Beach" title="Horton Beach">Horton Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Eynon" title="Port Eynon">Port Eynon Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mewslade_Bay" title="Mewslade Bay">Mewslade Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhossili" title="Rhossili">Fall Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhossili" title="Rhossili">Rhossili Bay (Llangennith Sands)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burry_Holms" title="Burry Holms">Burry Holms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Pool_Bay" title="Blue Pool Bay">Blue Pool Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughton_Bay" title="Broughton Bay">Broughton Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteford_Sands" title="Whiteford Sands">Whiteford Sands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Headlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burry_Holms" title="Burry Holms">Burry Holms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbles" title="Mumbles">Mumbles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhossili" title="Rhossili">Rhossili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gower" title="List of villages in Gower">Villages in Gower</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishopston,_Swansea" title="Bishopston, Swansea">Bishopston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Burry Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Caswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Cheriton" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Cheriton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Crofty" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Crofty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowerton" title="Gowerton">Gowerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horton,_Swansea" class="mw-redirect" title="Horton, Swansea">Horton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilston" title="Ilston">Ilston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kittle,_Swansea" title="Kittle, Swansea">Kittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Knelston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Landimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Langland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Llanddewi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llangennith" title="Llangennith">Llangennith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanmadoc" class="mw-redirect" title="Llanmadoc">Llanmadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanmorlais" class="mw-redirect" title="Llanmorlais">Llanmorlais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanrhidian" class="mw-redirect" title="Llanrhidian">Llanrhidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llethryd" class="mw-redirect" title="Llethryd">Llethryd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murton,_Swansea" class="mw-redirect" title="Murton, Swansea">Murton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Swansea" title="Newton, Swansea">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Nicholaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Oldwalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Oxwich" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Oxwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Oxwich Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkmill" title="Parkmill">Parkmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penclawdd" title="Penclawdd">Penclawdd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennard" title="Pennard">Pennard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penmaen,_Swansea" class="mw-redirect" title="Penmaen, Swansea">Penmaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Penrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Pitton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Pitton Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Eynon" title="Port Eynon">Port Eynon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynoldston" title="Reynoldston">Reynoldston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhossili" title="Rhossili">Rhossili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Slade" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Slade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Scurlage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Small_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Three_Crosses" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Three Crosses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_in_Gower#Upper_Killay" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages in Gower">Upper Killay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prehistoric sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cefn_Bryn#Arthur's_Stone" title="Cefn Bryn">Arthur's Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Hole_Cave" title="Long Hole Cave">Long Hole Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_le_Breos" title="Parc le Breos">Parc le Breos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Cwm_long_cairn" title="Parc Cwm long cairn">Parc Cwm long cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland" title="Red Lady of Paviland">Paviland Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Castles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loughor_Castle" title="Loughor Castle">Loughor Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxwich_Castle" title="Oxwich Castle">Oxwich Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oystermouth_Castle" title="Oystermouth Castle">Oystermouth Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennard_Castle" title="Pennard Castle">Pennard Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penrice_Castle" title="Penrice Castle">Penrice Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weobley_Castle,_Gower" title="Weobley Castle, Gower">Weobley Castle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lighthouses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mumbles_Lighthouse" title="Mumbles Lighthouse">Mumbles Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteford_Lighthouse" title="Whiteford Lighthouse">Whiteford Lighthouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Gower" title="Cuisine of Gower">Cuisine of Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Gower_Peninsula" title="Geology of the Gower Peninsula">Geology of the Gower Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gower_Ornithological_Society" title="Gower Ornithological Society">Gower Ornithological Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gower_Wassail" title="Gower Wassail">Gower Wassail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilston_Book" title="Ilston Book">Ilston Book</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Davies" class="mw-redirect" title="Byron Davies">Byron Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifor_Davies" title="Ifor Davies">Ifor Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Evans" title="Edgar Evans">Edgar Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Gower" title="Iris Gower">Iris Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Gwynn" title="Cyril Gwynn">Cyril Gwynn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karl Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Jenkins" title="Nigel Jenkins">Nigel Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Johnes_(priest)" title="Thomas Johnes (priest)">Thomas Johnes (priest)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Jones" title="Ernest Jones">Ernest Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Lloyd_Jones" title="Kathleen Lloyd Jones">Kathleen Lloyd Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Jones_(rugby_union)" title="Will Jones (rugby union)">Will Jones (rugby union)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Mazelis" title="Jo Mazelis">Jo Mazelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Myles_(minister)" title="John Myles (minister)">John Myles (minister)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland" title="Red Lady of Paviland">Red Lady of Paviland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Pressdee" title="Colin Pressdee">Colin Pressdee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Tanner" title="Phil Tanner">Phil Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Thomas_(composer)" title="Mark Thomas (composer)">Mark Thomas (composer)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Watkins" title="Vernon Watkins">Vernon Watkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harri_Webb" title="Harri Webb">Harri Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Williams_(archaeologist)" title="Audrey Williams (archaeologist)">Audrey Williams (archaeologist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Anne_Wilson" title="C. Anne Wilson">C. Anne Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256394678">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-solo .navbox-title{background-color:#f0e68c}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-non-vocal .navbox-title{background-color:#f4bf92}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-non-perform .navbox-title{background-color:#bfe0bf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-group .navbox-title{background-color:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-cover .navbox-title{background-color:#d8bfd8}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-classical .navbox-title{background-color:#b0e0e6}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-temp .navbox-title{background-color:#d3d3d3}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clienpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clienpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-group" aria-labelledby="Soft_Machine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Soft_Machine" title="Template:Soft Machine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Soft_Machine" title="Template talk:Soft Machine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Soft_Machine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Soft Machine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Soft_Machine" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Soft_Machine" title="Soft Machine">Soft Machine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Etheridge" title="John Etheridge">John Etheridge</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Theo_Travis" title="Theo Travis">Theo Travis</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fred_Thelonious_Baker" title="Fred Thelonious Baker">Fred Baker</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Asaf_Sirkis" title="Asaf Sirkis">Asaf Sirkis</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ratledge" title="Mike Ratledge">Mike Ratledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wyatt" title="Robert Wyatt">Robert Wyatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Ayers" title="Kevin Ayers">Kevin Ayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daevid_Allen" title="Daevid Allen">Daevid Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Summers" title="Andy Summers">Andy Summers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hopper" title="Hugh Hopper">Hugh Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Hopper" title="Brian Hopper">Brian Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elton_Dean" title="Elton Dean">Elton Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyn_Dobson" title="Lyn Dobson">Lyn Dobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Charig" title="Mark Charig">Mark Charig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Evans_(trombonist)" title="Nick Evans (trombonist)">Nick Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Howard_(musician)" title="Phil Howard (musician)">Phil Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_(drummer)" title="John Marshall (drummer)">John Marshall</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karl Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Babbington" title="Roy Babbington">Roy Babbington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Holdsworth" title="Allan Holdsworth">Allan Holdsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Wakeman" title="Alan Wakeman">Alan Wakeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Warleigh" title="Ray Warleigh">Ray Warleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ric_Sanders" title="Ric Sanders">Ric Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Jones_(musician)" title="Percy Jones (musician)">Percy Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Bruce" title="Jack Bruce">Jack Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stu_Calver" title="Stu Calver">Stu Calver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Morrissey" title="Dick Morrissey">Dick Morrissey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker_(musician)" title="Alan Parker (musician)">Alan Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Rivers" title="Tony Rivers">Tony Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(jazz)" title="John Taylor (jazz)">John Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Carmichael" title="Paul Carmichael">Paul Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_MacRae" title="Dave MacRae">Dave MacRae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Soft_Machine_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="The Soft Machine (Soft Machine album)">The Soft Machine</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Volume_Two_(The_Soft_Machine_album)" title="Volume Two (The Soft Machine album)">Volume Two</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Third_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Third (Soft Machine album)">Third</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fourth_(album)" title="Fourth (album)">Fourth</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifth_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Fifth (Soft Machine album)">Fifth</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Six_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Six (Soft Machine album)">Six</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seven_(Soft_Machine_album)" title="Seven (Soft Machine album)">Seven</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bundles_(album)" title="Bundles (album)">Bundles</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Softs_(album)" title="Softs (album)">Softs</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Cockayne_(album)" title="Land of Cockayne (album)">Land of Cockayne</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Details" title="Hidden Details">Hidden Details</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soft Machine Legacy albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Steam_(Soft_Machine_Legacy_album)" title="Steam (Soft Machine Legacy album)">Steam</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burden_of_Proof_(Soft_Machine_Legacy_album)" title="Burden of Proof (Soft Machine Legacy album)">Burden of Proof</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alive_%26_Well:_Recorded_in_Paris" title="Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris">Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Third_(Soft_Machine_album)#Bonus_disc_from_2007_CD_re-issue" title="Third (Soft Machine album)">Live at the Proms 1970</a></i> (1988)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Makes_Sweet_Music" title="Love Makes Sweet Music">Love Makes Sweet Music</a>" (1967)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Joy_of_a_Toy_(song)" title="Joy of a Toy (song)">Joy of a Toy</a>" (1968)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wilde_Flowers" title="The Wilde Flowers">The Wilde Flowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_Heap" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft Heap">Soft Heap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333168#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333168#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333168#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000008161053X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/85434414">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1958339/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJd3T4vGYd6HGq3cdhkkXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/133683362">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no97023594">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14026767s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14026767s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01079211">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0021175&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p099677113">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1031349">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000107446&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000593121&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201950519">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810697373005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007404805205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA13211428?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/8f88db93-5914-4754-82ee-7d889bbc573e">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd133683362.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/133683362">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/21942103X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&oldid=1256547530">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Jenkins&oldid=1256547530</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Karl_Jenkins" title="Category:Karl Jenkins">Karl Jenkins</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1944_births" title="Category:1944 births">1944 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_British_classical_composers" title="Category:20th-century British classical composers">20th-century British classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_jazz_composers" title="Category:20th-century jazz composers">20th-century jazz composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_British_classical_composers" title="Category:21st-century British classical composers">21st-century British classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_jazz_composers" title="Category:21st-century jazz composers">21st-century jazz composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_the_University_of_Glamorgan" title="Category:Academics of the University of Glamorgan">Academics of the University of Glamorgan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Cardiff_University" title="Category:Alumni of Cardiff University">Alumni of Cardiff University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Category:Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music">Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ambient_composers" title="Category:Ambient composers">Ambient composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commanders_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire">Commanders of the Order of the British Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canterbury_scene" title="Category:Canterbury scene">Canterbury scene</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Caroline_Records_artists" title="Category:Caroline Records artists">Caroline Records artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Centipede_(band)_members" title="Category:Centipede (band) members">Centipede (band) members</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Choral_composers" title="Category:Choral composers">Choral composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Composers_awarded_knighthoods" title="Category:Composers awarded knighthoods">Composers awarded knighthoods</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deutsche_Grammophon_artists" title="Category:Deutsche Grammophon artists">Deutsche Grammophon artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EMI_Classics_and_Virgin_Classics_artists" title="Category:EMI Classics and Virgin Classics artists">EMI Classics and Virgin Classics artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_Learned_Society_of_Wales" title="Category:Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales">Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Knights_Bachelor" title="Category:Knights Bachelor">Knights Bachelor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_male_jazz_composers" title="Category:British male jazz composers">British male jazz composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_male_oboists" title="Category:British male oboists">British male oboists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_male_opera_composers" title="Category:British male opera composers">British male opera composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New-age_composers" title="Category:New-age composers">New-age composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nucleus_(band)_members" title="Category:Nucleus (band) members">Nucleus (band) members</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Category:People associated with the Royal Academy of Music">People associated with the Royal Academy of Music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_University_of_Wales" title="Category:People associated with the University of Wales">People associated with the University of Wales</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Gowerton_Grammar_School" title="Category:People educated at Gowerton Grammar School">People educated at Gowerton Grammar School</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_the_Gower_Peninsula" title="Category:People from the Gower Peninsula">People from the Gower Peninsula</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Soft_Machine_members" title="Category:Soft Machine members">Soft Machine members</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Virgin_Records_artists" title="Category:Virgin Records artists">Virgin Records artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_classical_composers" title="Category:Welsh classical composers">Welsh classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_jazz_composers" title="Category:Welsh jazz composers">Welsh jazz composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_male_classical_composers" title="Category:Welsh male classical composers">Welsh male classical composers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_multi-instrumentalists" title="Category:Welsh multi-instrumentalists">Welsh multi-instrumentalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_oboists" title="Category:Welsh oboists">Welsh oboists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_opera_composers" title="Category:Welsh opera composers">Welsh opera composers</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_containing_London_Gazette_template_with_parameter_supp_set_to_y" title="Category:Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y">Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_incomplete_citations" title="Category:All articles with incomplete citations">All articles with incomplete citations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incomplete_citations_from_July_2023" title="Category:Articles with incomplete citations from July 2023">Articles with incomplete citations from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short 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