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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Deities and fairies of fate in Slavic mythology</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudi%C4%8Dka" title="Sudička – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sudička" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narechnitsi" title="Narechnitsi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Narechnitsi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parco" title="Parco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Parco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C4%91enice" title="Rođenice – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rođenice" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Наречница – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наречница" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodzanice" title="Rodzanice – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rodzanice" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Рожаницы и Род – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рожаницы и Род" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sojenice" title="Sojenice – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sojenice" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Суђаје – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Суђаје" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%96" title="Рожаниці – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рожаниці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%AF_th%E1%BA%A7n_s%E1%BB%91_m%E1%BB%87nh_(th%E1%BA%A7n_tho%E1%BA%A1i_Slav)" title="Nữ thần số mệnh (thần thoại Slav) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nữ thần số mệnh (thần thoại Slav)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF" title="索蒂斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="索蒂斯" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CD0000; color: #FFFFFF;">Rozhanitsy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">fate, destiny, luck</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">narecnitsy, sudzhenitsy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Artifacts</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spindle_(textiles)" title="Spindle (textiles)">Spindle</a>, <i>golden thread</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rod_(Slavic_religion)" title="Rod (Slavic religion)">Rod</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CD0000; color: #FFFFFF;">Equivalents</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Albanian</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ora_(mythology)" title="Ora (mythology)">Ora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatia" title="Fatia">Fatia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Greek</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Roman</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parcae" title="Parcae">Parcae</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Celtic</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brigid" title="Brigid">Brigid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Baltic</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laima" title="Laima">Laima</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rozhanitsy</b>, <b>narecnitsy</b>, and <b>sudzhenitsy</b> are invisible spirits or deities of fate in the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">pre-Christian religion of the Slavs</a>. They are related to pregnancy, motherhood, marriage<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and female ancestors,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are often referenced together with <a href="/wiki/Rod_(Slavic_religion)" title="Rod (Slavic religion)">Rod</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003192_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003192-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are usually mentioned as three together, but sometimes up to 9 together, of whom one was a "queen" or singular.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are related to Dola, but it is not known on what terms. In Poland they were worshipped as <b>zorze</b> (auroras).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrzegorzewic201684_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrzegorzewic201684-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names_and_meaning">Names and meaning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names and meaning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In different regions of the Slavs and languages they were named differently:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003164_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003164-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Croatian: <i>rođenice, rojenice, roženice, sudice, suđenice, sujenice</i></li> <li>Slovene: <i>rodjenice, rojenice, sudice, sojenice, sujenice</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bulgarian: <i>sudženici, narŭčnici, orisnici ("орисници"),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> urisnici, uresici</i></li> <li>Czech and Slovak: <i>sudičky</i></li> <li>Polish: <i>rodzanice, narecznice, sudiczki</i></li> <li>Romanian: <i><a href="/wiki/Ursitoare" title="Ursitoare">ursitoare</a></i></li> <li>Serbian: <i>suđaje, suđenice, rođenice, narečnici</i></li> <li>Old East Slavic, Russian: <i>rožanice, udĕlnicy</i></li> <li>Ukrainian: <i>rožanyci</i></li></ul> <p>The terms <i>rodzanica</i>, <i>rodjenica</i> or <i>rojenica</i> come from the word <i>roditi</i> ("giving birth") and literally mean "woman giving birth".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The terms <i>sudiczka</i>, <i>sudica</i>, or <i>sojenica</i> come from the word <i>sud</i> (<i>"</i>judgment<i>"</i>, "judge", "court") and literally mean "judging woman".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The terms <i>narecznica</i>, <i>nerechnitsa</i>, <i>narucnica</i> mean "name-giving woman".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>udelnica</i> means "granting woman".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bulgarian terms <i>orisnici</i>, <i>urisnici</i>, <i>uresici</i> come from the Greek word <i>όρίζοντες</i> (<i>orizontes</i> "establish") and mean "establishing woman”.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the <a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">Eastern Slavs</a>, the personification of good fortune was also known as Dolya, whose name means "division", "participation", and bad luck as Nedolya.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-195_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-195-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a>, on the other hand, there is Sreća, whose name means "luck".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some regions of Poland, the functions of <i>rozhanitsy</i> were fulfilled by other figures: <i>boginki</i> in <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Poland" title="Lesser Poland">Lesser Poland</a>, <i>kraśniki</i> in <a href="/wiki/Pomerania" title="Pomerania">Pomerania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>The Catalogue Of Rudolph's Magic</i>, written by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Karvot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Karvot (page does not exist)">Edward Karvot</a>, who wrote the information collected by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brother_Rudolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brother Rudolf (page does not exist)">Brother Rudolf</a> about the customs of pagan <a href="/wiki/West_Slavs" title="West Slavs">Western Slavs</a>, we read that the Slavs "make sacrifices to their three sisters, which the pagans call <a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lachesis_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachesis (mythology)">Lachesis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atropos" title="Atropos">Atropos</a> to lend them wealth." Rudolph, probably not knowing the language of the Slavs, gave <i>rozhanitsy</i> the names of Moirai, which he knew from Greek mythology, and who perform the same functions as the <i>rozhanitsy</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>rozhanitsy</i> after Christianization were replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mothers of God</a> or saint women. In Russian charms of a maturing boy, <a href="/wiki/Parascheva_of_the_Balkans" class="mw-redirect" title="Parascheva of the Balkans">Parascheva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anastasia_of_Sirmium" title="Anastasia of Sirmium">Anastasia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Barbara" title="Saint Barbara">Barbara</a> are mentioned, and in Bulgarian folklore Mother of God, Parascheva and Anastasia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a> or even <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Christ</a> Himself also took over the functions of <i>rozhanitsy</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 11th-century <i>Word of St. Gregory the Theologian about how pagans bowed to idols</i> is the first source mentioning <i>rozhanitsy</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003170_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003170-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">Also, this word reached the Slavs, and they began to offer sacrifices to Rod and the Rozhanitsy before Perun, their god. And earlier, they offered sacrifices to vampires [upyrí] and bereginyas [water-sprites?]. But even now, on the outskirts, they pray to him, the cursed god Perun, and to Khors and Mokosh, and to the vilas - they do this in secret.</div></blockquote> <p>The Russian <i>Word of a certain Christ-lover</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985170_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985170-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">...we also mix some pure prayers with cursed idolatrous offerings [when] others, in addition to the "lawful table", set out tables and dishes dedicated to Rod and the Rozhanitsy, offending God.</div></blockquote> <p>The cult of <i>rozhanitsy</i> was still popular in 16th-century Rus', as evidenced by <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">penance</a> given during confession by <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priests</a> described in the <a href="/wiki/Penitential" title="Penitential">penitentiaries</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sabbas_of_Storozhi" title="Sabbas of Storozhi">Saint Sabbas of Storozhi</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985174_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985174-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">A clergyman should ask if she has mixed pagan beliefs with Christian ones, and if she has prayed to the vilas, or if she has eaten and consumed alcohol in honor of Rod and the Rozhanitsy and different gods such as Perun, Khors, and Mokosh: three years of fasting with prostrations as penance.</div></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Izmail_Sreznevsky" title="Izmail Sreznevsky">Izmail Sreznevsky</a> collected the following sources in his <i>Materials for the Old Russian dictionary</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">Pledging sacrifice to rozhanitsy - filling a mug to the demon</div></blockquote> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">pledging Bod (or Rod and rozhanitsy) a sacrifice and preparing a mixed drink for rozhanitsy (devils)</div></blockquote> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">with the children cut their first hair and the women boil groat for rozhanitsy</div></blockquote> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">if to rozhanitsy they are eating bread and cheese and honey strictly forbidden in one place, says (Isaiah): woe to those who drink and eat in honor of rozhanitsy</div></blockquote> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">who is worshipper of kolach, or worshipper of rozhanitsy</div></blockquote> <p><i>Narecnitsy</i> often appear in various <a href="/wiki/South_Slavs" title="South Slavs">South Slavic</a> <a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legends</a> and epics. One of these is the epic of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Marko" title="Prince Marko">Prince Marko</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Vreme bilo tokmo na polnoke,</i></dd> <dd><i>na polnoke, vreme glua doba;</i></dd> <dd><i>što mu došle do tri narečnici,</i></dd> <dd><i>na deteto kŭsmet da narečat;</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>...</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vala Bogu za čudo golemo,</i></dd> <dd><i>što se reklo ot tri narečnici,</i></dd> <dd><i>što se reklo, i se izvŭršilo.</i></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><i>It was exactly midnight,</i></dd> <dd><i>at midnight, at a deaf time;</i></dd> <dd><i>when three narecnitsy came to him,</i></dd> <dd><i>the child's destiny was outlined;</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>...</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>Praise God for a great miracle,</i></dd> <dd><i>what was said from the three narecnitsy,</i></dd> <dd><i>what was said was fulfilled.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The first to record the cult of auroras was the ethnographer <a href="/wiki/Zorian_Do%C5%82%C4%99ga-Chodakowski" title="Zorian Dołęga-Chodakowski">Zorian Dołęga-Chodakowski</a>. He wrote about it in his work <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=About_Slavdom_before_Christianity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="About Slavdom before Christianity (page does not exist)">About Slavdom before Christianity</a></i>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDołęga-ChodakowskiMaślanka196724-25_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDołęga-ChodakowskiMaślanka196724-25-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:none;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;">You have to go and descend under the villager's thatch in different distant sides, you have to hurry to his feasts, games and various adventures. There, in the smoke rising above their heads, old rituals still roam, old songs chant and the names of forgotten gods are spoken among the dances of the people. In this bitter darkness you can see three moons shining, three virgin auroras, seven wagon stars (<a href="/wiki/Big_Dipper" title="Big Dipper">Big Dipper</a>).</div></blockquote> <p>Polish literature historian <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Vrtel-Wierczy%C5%84ski" title="Stefan Vrtel-Wierczyński">Stefan Vrtel-Wierczyński</a> in <i>Medieval Polish secular poetry</i> wrote a spell discovered by <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Br%C3%BCckner" title="Aleksander Brückner">Brückner</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVrtel-Wierczyński1923130_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVrtel-Wierczyński1923130-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Zarze, zarzyce, trzy siestrzyce.</i></dd> <dd><i>Poszła Matka Boża po morzu, zbirając złote pianki;</i></dd> <dd><i>Potkał ją święty Jan: A gdzie idziesz matuchno?</i></dd> <dd><i>Idę synaczka swego leczyć.</i></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><i>Auroras, auroras, three sisters.</i></dd> <dd><i>Mother of God went on the see, collecting golden foams</i></dd> <dd><i>Saint John met her: Where are you going, mother?</i></dd> <dd><i>I'm going to heal my son.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Polish folklorist Stanisław Czernik in his book <i>Trzy zorze dziewicze: wśród zamawiań i zaklęć</i> (<i>Three virgin auroras: among orders and spells</i>) cites the following spell:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECzernik198560_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECzernik198560-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Zorzyczki, zorzyczki,</i></dd> <dd><i>trzy was jest</i></dd> <dd><i>jedna porankowa,</i></dd> <dd><i>druga południowa,</i></dd> <dd><i>trzecia wieczorowa.</i></dd> <dd><i>Weźcie od mego dziecka płaczenie,</i></dd> <dd><i>oddajcie mu spanie.</i></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><i>Little auroras, little auroras,</i></dd> <dd><i>there are three of you</i></dd> <dd><i>one morning,</i></dd> <dd><i>second midday</i></dd> <dd><i>third evening.</i></dd> <dd><i>Take a cry from my child,</i></dd> <dd><i>give him sleep back.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i>Wisła</i> geographical and ethnographic monthly gives the following spell over a baby crying at night, that is spell for three days during sunset,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a prayer for a good husband:<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Zorze, zorze, zorznice</i></dd> <dd><i>Odbierzcie od naszego dziecka płacznice</i></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><i>Auroras, auroras, auroras</i></dd> <dd><i>Take away crying from our child</i></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Zorze, zorzeczeńki!</i></dd> <dd><i>Wszystkieśta moje siostruczeńki!</i></dd> <dd><i>Siadajta na konia wronego</i></dd> <dd><i>I jedźta po towarzysza mojego.</i></dd> <dd><i>Żeby on nie mógł beze mnie</i></dd> <dd><i>ni spać, ni jeść,</i></dd> <dd><i>ni siadać, ni gadać.</i></dd> <dd><i>Żeby ja mu się spodobała we stanie, w robocie, w ochocie.</i></dd> <dd><i>Żeby ja była wdzięczna i przyjemna Bogu i ludziom,</i></dd> <dd><i>i temu towarzyszowi mojemu.</i></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><i>Auroras, little auroras!</i></dd> <dd><i>You all are my little sisters!</i></dd> <dd><i>Sit on a black horse</i></dd> <dd><i>And go for my companion.</i></dd> <dd><i>So that he could not without me</i></dd> <dd><i>neither sleep, nor eat,</i></dd> <dd><i>nor sit, nor speak.</i></dd> <dd><i>So that he likes me in stand, in work, in desire</i></dd> <dd><i>So that I would be grateful and pleasing to God and people,</i></dd> <dd><i>and to my companion.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appearance">Appearance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Appearance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the folklore of the Southern Slavs, <i>rozhanitsy</i> are described as beautiful girls or as good-natured elderly women. Sometimes they are also represented as three women of different ages: a girl, an adult woman and an elderly woman. Southern Slavs described them as beautiful figures with white, round cheeks. They were said to be dressed in white clothes, to have a white cap (<a href="/wiki/Mob_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mob cap">mobcap</a>) on their heads and to have silver and gold jewelry. In their hands they were said to hold burning candles through which their silhouettes were easily visible in the moonlight.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech</a> sources described them as white-dressed virgins or old women. They were said to be tall and transparent, their cheeks pale, their eyes apt to sparkle and charm people and their hair decorated with precious stones. Like the southern Slavs, they were said to wear white bonnets or veils.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions_and_cult">Functions and cult</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Functions and cult"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg/330px-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_XVI_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>Spinner turns the <i>thread of life</i> at the cradle of the Mother of God. Fragment of the "Nativity" icon, Ukraine, 16th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>They were said to look after pregnant women,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and after giving birth to a child, they determined his fate for the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>rozhanitsy</i> appeared at midnight three days after the birth of the child, at his cradle, when they were supposed to foretell the child's good or bad fate for life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After determining the fate of the child, it was saved as an indelible mark on the forehead.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>rozhanitsy</i>'s opinions on the future of the child were often contradictory, and the final, oldest parent makes the final decision. The first, youngest <i>rozhanitsa</i> spins, the second measures and the third cuts off the thread of life – the longer the thread, the longer life will be.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among southern Slavs, <i>rozhanitsy</i> were sometimes distinguished from <i>sudzhenitsy</i>, who were said to appear before death and during important moments in life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Rozhanitsy</i> were sometimes called upon to protect the family from illness.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Procopius" title="Procopius">Procopius</a>, Slavs did not believe in destiny:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski200343-44_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski200343-44-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For they believe that one god, the maker of lightning, is alone lord of all things, and they sacrifice to him cattle and all other victims; but as for fate, they neither know it nor do they in any wise admit that it has any power among men, but whenever death stands close before them, either stricken with sickness or beginning a war, they make a promise that, if they escape, they will straightway make a sacrifice to the god in return for their life; and if they escape, they sacrifice just what they have promised, and consider that their safety has been bought with this same sacrifice.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Procopius</cite></div></blockquote> <p>According to sources, a trapezoidal table with bread, honey, cheese and groat (<a href="/wiki/Kutia" title="Kutia">kutia</a>) was prepared in honor of the <i>rozhanitsy</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003191-192_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003191-192-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes the meal was left in the shrines.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hair cut during a child's <a href="/wiki/First_haircut" title="First haircut">first haircut</a> was also sacrified to the rozhanitsy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenes</a> and Croats used to put candles, wine, bread and salt in the room where the woman lies the day after delivery. Failure to do so threatened that rozhanitsy would determine a child's bad fortune. Slovenians living in <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a> laid bread under the boulders next to the caves in which <i>rozhanitsy</i> were said to live, and in Bulgaria suppers were prepared for them. In Czechia, a table was prepared at which white clothes and chairs were waiting for the <i>rozhanitsy</i> along with a chair on which bread, salt and butter were laid, and sometimes cheese and beer.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of Rod and the <i>rozhanitsy</i>'s holidays was said to be <a href="/wiki/December_26" title="December 26">December 26</a>, which after Christianization was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Church</a> with the <a href="/wiki/December_26_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" title="December 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">Feast of the Mother of God</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProfantowa2004192_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProfantowa2004192-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>rozhanitsy</i> were said to live at the end of the world in the palace of the Sun, which could connect them to the solar deity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In many European religions, there are three female figures foretelling the child's future, which indicates the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Indo-European</a> origin of the <i>rozhanitsy</i>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_mythology" title="Roman mythology">Roman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Parcae" title="Parcae">Parcae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a>: <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian mythology">Albanian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ora_(mythology)" title="Ora (mythology)">Ora</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fatia" title="Fatia">Fatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norns" title="Norns">Norns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_mythology" title="Celtic mythology">Celtic</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brigid" title="Brigid">Brigid</a> in three persons or three <a href="/wiki/Matres_and_Matronae" title="Matres and Matronae">Matres</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic</a>: <a href="/wiki/Laima" title="Laima">Laima</a>, who sometimes appeared in three forms<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goddess_Rozhanitsa">Goddess Rozhanitsa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Goddess Rozhanitsa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Old Russian sources also mention Rozhanitsa as a single person, usually in the pair of Rod and Rodzanica.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of such a source is the 12th-century chronicle <i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Regum_Anglorum" title="Gesta Regum Anglorum">Gesta regum Anglorum</a></i>, which describes the cult of <a href="/wiki/Svetovid" class="mw-redirect" title="Svetovid">Svetovid</a> among the <a href="/wiki/Polabian_Slavs" title="Polabian Slavs">Slavs of the Elbe</a>, comparing him to the Roman <a href="/wiki/Fortuna" title="Fortuna">Fortuna</a> and Greek <a href="/wiki/Tyche" title="Tyche">Týchē</a>. The 13th-century Russian translation of this chronicle translates Fortuna as Rozhanitsa (Рожданица).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003144_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003144-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another example could be the <i>Word about how pagans bowed to idols</i>: "Artemis and Artemisa called Rod and Roshanitsa".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006285_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006285-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In such a situation, Rozhanitsa could be interpreted as a <a href="/wiki/Mother_goddess" title="Mother goddess">Mother Goddess</a> – the goddess of fertility and motherhood.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiges2018_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiges2018-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGosciloHolmgren1996155_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGosciloHolmgren1996155-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to mythologists, the triple deities of fate are the hypostasis of the ancient goddess of fate. Protogermanic <a href="/wiki/Ur%C3%B0r" title="Urðr">Urðr</a> and early Greek <a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a> are thought to be such goddesses. A similar process probably took place among the Slavs, and in that situation Dolya could be the original goddess of fate.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Boris_Rybakov" title="Boris Rybakov">Boris Rybakov</a> linked Rozhanitsa with <a href="/wiki/Lada_(mythology)" title="Lada (mythology)">Lada</a>, claiming that Lada was Rod's partner and also the first <i>rozhanitsa</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMačuda201267-68_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMačuda201267-68-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percival_(band)" title="Percival (band)">Percival Schuttenbach</a> – <i>Rodzanice</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Strzyga_(album)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strzyga (album) (page does not exist)"><i>Strzyga</i></a> album)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ursitory" title="Ursitory">Ursitory</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPodgórscy2005384-385_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPodgórscy2005">Podgórscy 2005</a>, p. 384-385.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mythology_of_All_Races" title="The Mythology of All Races">The Mythology of All Races</a></i> (1918), Vol. III, Section "Slavic", Part I: The Genii, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-pYYAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA217">Chapter IV: Genii of Fate, pp. 249-252</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006207_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGieysztor2006">Gieysztor 2006</a>, p. 207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003192-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003192_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrzegorzewic201684-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrzegorzewic201684_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrzegorzewic2016">Grzegorzewic 2016</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003164-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003164_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSenn1982" class="citation book cs1">Senn, Harry A. (1982). <i>Werewolf and Vampire on Romania</i>. East European Monographs. Vol. XCIC. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 68. <q>... the goddesses of fate (<i>Ursitoare</i>) who preside over the birth of each child and assign its destiny [are] present among the Slovenes of northern Yugoslavia. There, the <i>Sojenice</i> or <i>Rojenice</i> decide a child's fate and the time and manner of its death.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Werewolf+and+Vampire+on+Romania&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=East+European+Monographs&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Senn&rft.aufirst=Harry+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBancova2017" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bancova, Emilia (2017). "Ritualul de naştere la bulgarii din Moldova" [The childbirth rites among the Bulgarians of Moldova]. <i>Revista de Etnologie şi Culturologie</i> (in Romanian). <b>XXII</b> (2). Institutul Patrimoniului Cultural al Academiei de Științe a Moldovei: 36-39 [37-38].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+Etnologie+%C5%9Fi+Culturologie&rft.atitle=Ritualul+de+na%C5%9Ftere+la+bulgarii+din+Moldova&rft.volume=XXII&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=36-39+37-38&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Bancova&rft.aufirst=Emilia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 193.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-195-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-195_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 194-195.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985171_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrückner1985">Brückner 1985</a>, p. 171.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk2007174_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrzelczyk2007">Strzelczyk 2007</a>, p. 174.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003193-194_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 193-194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003170-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003170_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985170-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985170_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrückner1985">Brückner 1985</a>, p. 170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985174-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrückner1985174_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrückner1985">Brückner 1985</a>, p. 174.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://sr.wikisource.org/sr-el/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE,_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0">"Kral Marko, narečnicite, Vŭlkašin i svatbata na Relja Šestokrila — Викизворник"</a>. sr.wikisource.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wbc.poznan.pl&rft.atitle=Wis%C5%82a.+Miesi%C4%99cznik+Geograficzno-Etnograficzny.+1903+T.17+z.3+-+Wielkopolska+Biblioteka+Cyfrowa&rft.pages=391&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbc.poznan.pl%2Fdlibra%2Fpublication%2F134978%2Fedition%2F147954%2Fcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006206_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGieysztor2006">Gieysztor 2006</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiodor_Kapica2008" class="citation web cs1">Fiodor Kapica (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelib.ru/books/fedor_sergeevich_kapica/slavyanskie_tradicionnye_prazdniki_i_ritualy_spravochnik-read-5.html">"Славянские традиционные праздники и ритуалы: справочник"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%3A+%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Fiodor+Kapica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelib.ru%2Fbooks%2Ffedor_sergeevich_kapica%2Fslavyanskie_tradicionnye_prazdniki_i_ritualy_spravochnik-read-5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski200343-44-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski200343-44_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 43-44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003191-192-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003191-192_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 191-192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEProfantowa2004192-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProfantowa2004192_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFProfantowa2004">Profantowa 2004</a>, p. 192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeszek_Moszyński1998" class="citation web cs1">Leszek Moszyński (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sms.zrc-sazu.si/pdf/01/SMS_01_Moszynski.pdf">"Dlaczego naukowe opisy prasłowiańskich wierzeń są tak róznorodne"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dlaczego+naukowe+opisy+pras%C5%82owia%C5%84skich+wierze%C5%84+s%C4%85+tak+r%C3%B3znorodne&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Leszek+Moszy%C5%84ski&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsms.zrc-sazu.si%2Fpdf%2F01%2FSMS_01_Moszynski.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003144-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003144_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006285-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGieysztor2006285_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGieysztor2006">Gieysztor 2006</a>, p. 285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiges2018-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiges2018_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFiges2018">Figes 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGosciloHolmgren1996155-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGosciloHolmgren1996155_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGosciloHolmgren1996">Goscilo & Holmgren 1996</a>, p. 155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzyjewski2003194_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzyjewski2003">Szyjewski 2003</a>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMačuda201267-68-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMačuda201267-68_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMačuda2012">Mačuda 2012</a>, p. 67-68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEu2fr9PsUU"><i>Percival Schuttenbach - 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Wydawn. Łódzkie. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8321804225" title="Special:BookSources/8321804225"><bdi>8321804225</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trzy+zorze+dziewicze%3A+w%C5%9Br%C3%B3d+zamawia%C5%84+i+zakl%C4%99%C4%87&rft.pub=Wydawn.+%C5%81%C3%B3dzkie&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=8321804225&rft.aulast=Czernik&rft.aufirst=Stanis%C5%82aw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrzegorzewic2016" class="citation book cs1">Grzegorzewic, Ziemisław (2016). <i>O Bogach i ludziach. Praktyka i teoria Rodzimowierstwa Słowiańskiego</i>. Olsztyn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788394018085" title="Special:BookSources/9788394018085"><bdi>9788394018085</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=O+Bogach+i+ludziach.+Praktyka+i+teoria+Rodzimowierstwa+S%C5%82owia%C5%84skiego&rft.place=Olsztyn&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9788394018085&rft.aulast=Grzegorzewic&rft.aufirst=Ziemis%C5%82aw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGosciloHolmgren1996" class="citation book cs1">Goscilo, Helena; Holmgren, Beth (1996). <i>Russia--women--culture</i>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0253210445" title="Special:BookSources/0253210445"><bdi>0253210445</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia--women--culture&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0253210445&rft.aulast=Goscilo&rft.aufirst=Helena&rft.au=Holmgren%2C+Beth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMačuda2012" class="citation book cs1">Mačuda, Jiří (2012). <i>Rodnověřské obřady a ruská lidová kultura</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rodnov%C4%9B%C5%99sk%C3%A9+ob%C5%99ady+a+rusk%C3%A1+lidov%C3%A1+kultura&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Ma%C4%8Duda&rft.aufirst=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPodgórscy2005" class="citation book cs1">Podgórscy, Barbara i Adam (2005). <i>Wielka Księga Demonów Polskich – leksykon i antologia demonologii ludowej</i>. Wydawn. KOS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-89375-40-0" title="Special:BookSources/83-89375-40-0"><bdi>83-89375-40-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wielka+Ksi%C4%99ga+Demon%C3%B3w+Polskich+%E2%80%93+leksykon+i+antologia+demonologii+ludowej&rft.pub=Wydawn.+KOS&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=83-89375-40-0&rft.aulast=Podg%C3%B3rscy&rft.aufirst=Barbara+i+Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProfantowa2004" class="citation book cs1">Profantowa, Nadia (2004). <i>Encyklopedie slovanských bohů a mýtů</i>. Libri. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8072772198" title="Special:BookSources/8072772198"><bdi>8072772198</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyklopedie+slovansk%C3%BDch+boh%C5%AF+a+m%C3%BDt%C5%AF&rft.pub=Libri&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=8072772198&rft.aulast=Profantowa&rft.aufirst=Nadia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deities_and_fairies_of_fate_in_Slavic_mythology&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetreska2006" class="citation book cs1">Petreska, Vesna (2006). "Demons of Fate in Macedonian Folk Beliefs". In Gábor Klaniczay; Éva Pócs (eds.). <i>Christian Demonology and Popular Mythology</i>. Budapest, Hungary: Central European University Press. pp. 221–236. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9786155211010-017">10.1515/9786155211010-017</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Demons+of+Fate+in+Macedonian+Folk+Beliefs&rft.btitle=Christian+Demonology+and+Popular+Mythology&rft.place=Budapest%2C+Hungary&rft.pages=221-236&rft.pub=Central+European+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9786155211010-017&rft.aulast=Petreska&rft.aufirst=Vesna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeities+and+fairies+of+fate+in+Slavic+mythology" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Slavic_mythology" title="Template:Slavic mythology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Slavic_mythology" title="Template talk:Slavic mythology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Slavic_mythology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Slavic mythology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Slavic_mythology_and_religion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">Slavic mythology and religion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slavic_deities" title="List of Slavic deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chernobog_and_Belobog" title="Chernobog and Belobog">Chernobog and Belobog</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernoglav" title="Chernoglav">Chernoglav</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazhbog" title="Dazhbog">Dazhbog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devana" title="Devana">Devana</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyi_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyi (mythology) (page does not exist)">Dyi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="ru:Дый">ru</a>]</span><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diviya_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diviya (mythology) (page does not exist)">Diviya</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Дивия">ru</a>; <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diviya" class="extiw" title="uz:Diviya">uz</a>]</span><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khors" title="Khors">Khors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresnik_(deity)" title="Kresnik (deity)">Kresnik</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lada_(goddess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lada (goddess)">Lada mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morana_(goddess)" title="Morana (goddess)">Morana</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokosh" title="Mokosh">Mokosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizamar" title="Pizamar">Pizamar</a><sup>H</sup><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarilo" title="Yarilo">Yarilo</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennil" title="Hennil">Hennil</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyi_(mythology)" title="Kyi (mythology)">Kyi</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lel_and_Polel" title="Lel and Polel">Lel and Polel</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niya_(mythology)" title="Niya (mythology)">Niya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perun" title="Perun">Perun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podaga" title="Podaga">Podaga</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porenut" title="Porenut">Porenut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porevit" title="Porevit">Porevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prove_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prove (mythology)">Prove</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:Прове">ru</a>]</span> or Prone<sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radegast_(god)" title="Radegast (god)">Radegast</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_(Slavic_religion)" title="Rod (Slavic religion)">Rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugiaevit" title="Rugiaevit">Rugiaevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pereplut" title="Pereplut">Pereplut</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perperuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Perperuna">Perperuna</a><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simargl" title="Simargl">Simargl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stribog" title="Stribog">Stribog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pogoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pogoda (page does not exist)">Pogoda</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" class="extiw" title="ru:Погода (мифология)">ru</a>; <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kult_v%C4%9Btru_u_Slovan%C5%AF" class="extiw" title="cs:Kult větru u Slovanů">cs</a>; <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogoda" class="extiw" title="fr:Dogoda">fr</a>]</span><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zelu_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zelu (mythology) (page does not exist)">Zelu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelu" class="extiw" title="cs:Zelu">cs</a>]</span><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svarog" title="Svarog">Svarog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svarozhits" title="Svarozhits">Svarozhits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetovit" title="Svetovit">Svetovit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triglav_(mythology)" title="Triglav (mythology)">Triglav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veles_(god)" title="Veles (god)">Veles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarovit" title="Yarovit">Yarovit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDiva_(mythology)" title="Živa (mythology)">Zhiva</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorya" title="Zorya">Zorya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBywie" class="mw-redirect" title="Żywie">Żywie</a><sup>H</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dola_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola (mythology)">Dola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karna_and_Zhelya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karna and Zhelya (page does not exist)">Karna and Zhelya</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Карна и Желя">ru</a>]</span><sup>H</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koliada_(deity)" title="Koliada (deity)">Koliada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mat_Zemlya" title="Mat Zemlya">Mat Zemlya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moryana" title="Moryana">Moryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_(Slavic_religion)" title="Rod (Slavic religion)">Rod</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rozhanitsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorya" title="Zorya">Zorya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slavic_pseudo-deities" title="List of Slavic pseudo-deities">Pseudo-deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chislobog" title="Chislobog">Chislobog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chur_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chur (mythology) (page does not exist)">Chur</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D1%80" class="extiw" title="ru:Чур">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dana_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dana (mythology) (page does not exist)">Dana</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" class="extiw" title="ru:Дана (славянская мифология)">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzidzileyla" class="mw-redirect" title="Dzidzileyla">Dzidzileyla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flins_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flins (mythology)">Flins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krodo" title="Krodo">Krodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupala" title="Kupala">Kupala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lada_(mythology)" title="Lada (mythology)">Lada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lelya_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lelya (mythology) (page does not exist)">Lelya</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Леля">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pogvizd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pogvizd (page does not exist)">Pogvizd</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="ru:Позвизд">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troyan_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troyan (mythology) (page does not exist)">Troyan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" class="extiw" title="ru:Троян (мифология)">ru</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesna_(mythology)" title="Vesna (mythology)">Vesna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voloska" title="Voloska">Voloska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesza" title="Jesza">Yesha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Priesthood and cult</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedmak" title="Vedmak">Vedmak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkhv" title="Volkhv">Volkhv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhrets" title="Zhrets">Zhrets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_shamanism" title="Slavic shamanism">Shamanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bogatyr" title="Bogatyr">Legendary heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alyosha_Popovich" title="Alyosha Popovich">Alyosha Popovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burislav" title="Burislav">Burislav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Kantakouzene" title="Irene Kantakouzene">Damned Jerina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90erzelez_Alija" class="mw-redirect" title="Đerzelez Alija">Đerzelez Alija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrynya_Nikitich" title="Dobrynya Nikitich">Dobrynya Nikitich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husein_Grada%C5%A1%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Husein Gradaščević">Dragon of Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrnjica_Brothers" title="Hrnjica Brothers">Hrnjica Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Muromets" title="Ilya Muromets">Ilya Muromets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kosan%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Ivan Kosančić">Ivan Kosančić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Tsarevich" title="Ivan Tsarevich">Ivan Tsarevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugovi%C4%87_brothers" title="Jugović brothers">Jugović brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyi,_Shchek_and_Khoryv" title="Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv">Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech,_Czech,_and_Rus%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Lech, Czech, and Rus'">Lech, Czech, and Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libu%C5%A1e" title="Libuše">Libuše</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikula_Selyaninovich" title="Mikula Selyaninovich">Mikula Selyaninovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mila_Gojsali%C4%87" title="Mila Gojsalić">Mila Gojsalić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Toplica" title="Milan Toplica">Milan Toplica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Obili%C4%87" title="Miloš Obilić">Miloš Obilić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misizla" title="Misizla">Misizla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustay-Bey_of_Lika" title="Mustay-Bey of Lika">Mustay-Bey of Lika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_the_Tanner" title="Nikita the Tanner">Nikita the Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popiel" title="Popiel">Popiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Marko" title="Prince Marko">Prince Marko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadko" title="Sadko">Sadko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightingale_the_Robber" title="Nightingale the Robber">Solovey-Razboynik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svyatogor" title="Svyatogor">Svyatogor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilisa_the_Beautiful" title="Vasilisa the Beautiful">Vasilisa the Beautiful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Svyatoslavich" title="Volga Svyatoslavich">Volga Svyatoslavich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_beings_in_Slavic_religion" title="Supernatural beings in Slavic religion">Legendary creatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unquiet dead</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vila_(fairy)" title="Vila (fairy)">Vila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drekavac" title="Drekavac">Drekavac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikimora" title="Kikimora">Kikimora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavka" title="Mavka">Mavka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upi%C3%B3r" title="Upiór">Upiór</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Place spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bannik" title="Bannik">Bannik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolotnik" title="Bolotnik">Bolotnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornflower_Wraith" title="Cornflower Wraith">Cornflower Wraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domovoy" title="Domovoy">Domovoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorovoy" title="Dvorovoy">Dvorovoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Midday" title="Lady Midday">Lady Midday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshy" title="Leshy">Leshy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boruta_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boruta (mythology)">Boruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mistress_of_the_Copper_Mountain" title="The Mistress of the Copper Mountain">Mistress of the Copper Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moryana" title="Moryana">Moryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovinnik" title="Ovinnik">Ovinnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polevik" title="Polevik">Polevik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodyanoy" title="Vodyanoy">Vodyanoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubin_(ghost)" title="Shubin (ghost)">Shubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_water_spirits" title="Slavic water spirits">Water spirits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ala_(demon)" title="Ala (demon)">Ala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkonost" title="Alkonost">Alkonost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Yaga" title="Baba Yaga">Baba Yaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babay_(Slavic_folklore)" title="Babay (Slavic folklore)">Babay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%A1_%C4%8Celik" title="Baš Čelik">Baš Čelik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauk_(mythology)" title="Bauk (mythology)">Bauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berehynia" class="mw-redirect" title="Berehynia">Berehynia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bies" title="Bies">Bies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Arab_(mythology)" title="Black Arab (mythology)">Black Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%82%C4%99dnica_(Slavic_demoness)" title="Błędnica (Slavic demoness)">Błędnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blud" title="Blud">Blud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boginki" class="mw-redirect" title="Boginki">Boginki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukavac" title="Bukavac">Bukavac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernava" title="Chernava">Chernava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuhaister" title="Chuhaister">Chuhaister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cikavac" title="Cikavac">Cikavac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chort" title="Chort">Chort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cuma" title="Čuma">Čuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukljan" title="Dukljan">Dukljan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dziwo%C5%BCona" title="Dziwożona">Dziwożona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fern_flower" title="Fern flower">Fern flower</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chervona_Ruta" class="mw-redirect" title="Chervona Ruta">Chervona Ruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebird_(Slavic_folklore)" title="Firebird (Slavic folklore)">Firebird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagana" title="Gagana">Gagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamayun" title="Gamayun">Gamayun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrik" title="Indrik">Indrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispolin" title="Ispolin">Ispolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karze%C5%82ek" title="Karzełek">Karzełek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshchei" title="Koshchei">Koshchei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krsnik_(vampire_hunter)" title="Krsnik (vampire hunter)">Krsnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likho" title="Likho">Likho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likhoradka" title="Likhoradka">Likhoradka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mare_(folklore)" title="Mare (folklore)">Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meduza_(Russian_folklore)" title="Meduza (Russian folklore)">Meduza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molfar" title="Molfar">Molfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nav_(Slavic_folklore)" title="Nav (Slavic folklore)">Nav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocnitsa" title="Nocnitsa">Nocnitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82anetnik" title="Płanetnik">Płanetnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Povitrulya" title="Povitrulya">Povitrulya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psoglav" title="Psoglav">Psoglav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rar%C3%B3g" title="Raróg">Raróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahmans" title="Rahmans">Rahmans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raskovnik" title="Raskovnik">Raskovnik</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rozhanitsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusalka" title="Rusalka">Rusalka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samodiva_(folklore)" title="Samodiva (folklore)">Samodiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirin" title="Sirin">Sirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishiga" title="Shishiga">Shishiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skrzak" title="Skrzak">Skrzak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strzyga" title="Strzyga">Strzyga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuha%C4%87" title="Stuhać">Stuhać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stricha" title="Stricha">Stricha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudice_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudice (mythology)">Sudice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tintilini%C4%87" title="Tintilinić">Tintilinić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topielec" title="Topielec">Topielec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ved_(mythology)" title="Ved (mythology)">Ved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesna_(mythology)" title="Vesna (mythology)">Vesna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zduha%C4%87" title="Zduhać">Zduhać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_dragon" title="Slavic dragon">Zmey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werewolf" title="Werewolf">Werewolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ritual figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Marta" title="Baba Marta">Baba Marta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_(mythology)" title="German (mythology)">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodola_and_Perperuna" title="Dodola and Perperuna">Dodola and Perperuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koliada_(deity)" title="Koliada (deity)">Koliada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupala" title="Kupala">Kupala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_(deity)" title="Kostroma (deity)">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marzanna" class="mw-redirect" title="Marzanna">Marzanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslenitsa" title="Maslenitsa">Maslenitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarilo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarilo">Jarilo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythological places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alatyr_(mythology)" title="Alatyr (mythology)">Alatyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bald_Mountain_(folklore)" title="Bald Mountain (folklore)">Bald Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan" title="Buyan">Buyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraway_Tsardom" title="Faraway Tsardom">Faraway Tsardom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oponskoye_Kingdom" title="Oponskoye Kingdom">Oponskoye Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitezh" title="Kitezh">Kitezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukomorye" title="Lukomorye">Lukomorye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iriy" title="Iriy">Vyraj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axe_of_Perun" title="Axe of Perun">Axe of Perun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_Kladenets" title="Sword Kladenets">Sword Kladenets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_creation_myth" title="Slavic creation myth">Creation myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_traditions_and_superstitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian traditions and superstitions">Russian traditions and superstitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_folk_astronomy" title="Serbian folk astronomy">Serbian folk astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slavic_folklore" title="Slavic folklore">Folklore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_folklore" title="Czech folklore">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklore of Russia">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_folklore" title="Serbian folklore">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_folklore" title="Ukrainian folklore">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_folklore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish folklore (page does not exist)">Polish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosniak_epic_poetry" title="Bosniak epic poetry">Bosniak epic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bylina" title="Bylina">Bylina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fairy_tale" title="Russian fairy tale">Russian fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_epic_poetry" title="Serbian epic poetry">Serbian epic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_fairy_tale" title="Ukrainian fairy tale">Ukrainian fairy tale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_the_Slavs" title="Christianization of the Slavs">Christianization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Moravia" title="Christianization of Moravia">Moravia</a> (830s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bulgaria" title="Christianization of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (860s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bohemia" title="Christianization of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> (880s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Poland" title="Christianization of Poland">Poland</a> (960s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianisation_of_Kievan_Rus%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianisation of Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a> (980s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Pomerania" title="Christianization of Pomerania">Pomerania</a> (1120s–60s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogomilism" title="Bogomilism">Bogomilism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Folk_Orthodoxy" title="Folk Orthodoxy">Folk practices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apocryphal_prayer" title="Apocryphal prayer">Apocryphal prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagovory" title="Zagovory">Zagovory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_decorating_in_Slavic_culture" title="Egg decorating in Slavic culture">Egg decoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martenitsa" title="Martenitsa">Martenitsa</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Folk_cults_(also_including_Ossetian)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk cults (also including Ossetian)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ognyena_Maria" title="Ognyena Maria">Ognyena Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraskeva_of_Iconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraskeva of Iconium">Paraskeva of Iconium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraskeva_Friday" title="Paraskeva Friday">Paraskeva Friday</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_the_Wonderworker" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas the Wonderworker">Nicholas the Wonderworker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veles_(god)" title="Veles (god)">Veles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Ilya the Prophet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uacilla" title="Uacilla">Uacilla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">George the Victorious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dazhbog" title="Dazhbog">Dazhbog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uastyrdzhi" title="Uastyrdzhi">Uastyrdzhi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasia_of_Serbia" title="Anastasia of Serbia">Saint Anastasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nedelya" title="Saint Nedelya">Saint Nedelya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Blaise" title="Saint Blaise">Saint Vlasius</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veles_(god)" title="Veles (god)">Veles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslenitsa" title="Maslenitsa">Maslenitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donbettyr" title="Donbettyr">Donbettyr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Tiron" title="Theodore Tiron">Saint Theodore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tutyr" title="Tutyr">Tutyr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Eustace" title="Saint Eustace">Saint Eustace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apsat_(mythology)" title="Apsat (mythology)">Apsat</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Revivalist organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-Building" title="God-Building">God-Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith" title="Slavic Native Faith">Slavic Native Faith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authentism" class="mw-redirect" title="Authentism">Authentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazhovism" title="Bazhovism">Bazhovism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanovism" title="Ivanovism">Ivanovism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandybaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandybaism">Kandybaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levashovism" title="Levashovism">Levashovism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterburgian_Vedism" title="Peterburgian Vedism">Peterburgian Vedism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringing_Cedars%27_Anastasianism" title="Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism">Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic-Hill_Rodnovery" title="Slavic-Hill Rodnovery">Slavic-Hill Rodnovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Ukrainian_National_Faith" title="Native Ukrainian National Faith">Sylenkoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vseyasvetnaya_Gramota" title="Vseyasvetnaya Gramota">Vseyasvetnaya Gramota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ynglism" title="Ynglism">Ynglism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roerichism" title="Roerichism">Roerichism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blagovery" class="mw-redirect" title="Blagovery">Russian Zoroastrianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_fantasy" title="Slavic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_based_on_Slavic_mythology" title="List of films based on Slavic mythology">Film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Veles" title="Book of Veles">Book of Veles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Notes:</b> <sup>H</sup> historicity of the deity is dubious; <sup>F</sup> functions of the deity are unclear.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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