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meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Alfabet+Italik+Kuno" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Asal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Asal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perbandingan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perbandingan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Perbandingan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perbandingan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Alfabet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Alfabet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Alfabet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Alfabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alfabet_Etruria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_Etruria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Alfabet Etruria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_Etruria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alphabet_Nuceria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphabet_Nuceria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Alphabet Nuceria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphabet_Nuceria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet_Lugano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_Lugano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Alfabet Lugano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_Lugano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet_Raetia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_Raetia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Alfabet Raetia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_Raetia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alfabet_Pikenum_Selatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_Pikenum_Selatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Alfabet Pikenum Selatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_Pikenum_Selatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Unicode</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Huruf_dan_alih_aksara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huruf_dan_alih_aksara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Huruf dan alih aksara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Huruf_dan_alih_aksara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Referensi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catatan_kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan_kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Catatan kaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan_kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daftar_pustaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daftar_pustaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Daftar pustaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daftar_pustaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfabet Italik Kuno</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 18 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oud-Italiese_alfabette" title="Oud-Italiese alfabette – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oud-Italiese alfabette" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antics_alfabets_it%C3%A0lics" title="Antics alfabets itàlics – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antics alfabets itàlics" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaick%C3%A1_latinka" title="Archaická latinka – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Archaická latinka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitalisches_Alphabet" title="Altitalisches Alphabet – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Altitalisches Alphabet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Italic_scripts" title="Old Italic scripts – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Old Italic scripts" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetos_it%C3%A1licos" title="Alfabetos itálicos – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabetos itálicos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="الفبای ایتالیایی باستان – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الفبای ایتالیایی باستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vieil_italique" title="Vieil italique – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vieil italique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forn%C3%ADtal%C3%ADskt_stafr%C3%B3f" title="Fornítalískt stafróf – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fornítalískt stafróf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="古イタリア文字 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="古イタリア文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="고대 이탈리아 문자 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고대 이탈리아 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oud-Italische_schriften" title="Oud-Italische schriften – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oud-Italische schriften" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigas_escritas_it%C3%A1licas" title="Antigas escritas itálicas – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antigas escritas itálicas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vechea_scriere_italic%C4%83" title="Vechea scriere italică – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vechea scriere italică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staroitalska_pisava" title="Staroitalska pisava – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Staroitalska pisava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรอิตาลีเก่า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อักษรอิตาลีเก่า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eski_%C4%B0talik_alfabeler" title="Eski İtalik alfabeler – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eski İtalik alfabeler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="古意大利字母 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古意大利字母" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4891256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Italik_Kuno" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Alfabet_Italik_Kuno" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Italik_Kuno"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:lightblue; color:black;;"><span style="opacity:85%">Alfabet Italik Kuno<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Marsiliana_tablet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Marsiliana_tablet.svg/220px-Marsiliana_tablet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Marsiliana_tablet.svg/330px-Marsiliana_tablet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Marsiliana_tablet.svg/440px-Marsiliana_tablet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="20" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abecedarium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abecedarium (halaman belum tersedia)">Abecedarium</a></i> dari sekitar tahun 700 SM, dari kanan ke kiri <i>ABGDEVZHΘIKLMNΞOPŚQRSTUXΦΨ</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Jenis aksara</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;line-height:1.25em"> Alfabet </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Bahasa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Italik" title="Rumpun bahasa Italik">Italik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Etruria" title="Bahasa Etruria">Etruria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Raetia" title="Bahasa Raetia">Raetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Venetia" title="Bahasa Venetia">Venetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Leponti" title="Bahasa Leponti">Leponti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Messapia" title="Bahasa Messapia">Messapia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Periode</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Abad ke-8 hingga abad ke-1 SM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Arah penulisan</th><td class="infobox-data">Kiri ke kanan</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="padding:0.25em;opacity:85%; background:lightblue; color:black;;">Aksara terkait</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Silsilah</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Proto-Sinai" title="Abjad Proto-Sinai">Abjad Proto-Sinai</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">Abjad Fenisia</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani" title="Alfabet Yunani">Alfabet Yunani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani_Kuno#Huruf_teraspirasi_dan_gugus_konsonan" title="Alfabet Yunani Kuno">Barat</a>)<ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>Alfabet Italik Kuno</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Aksara turunan</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Latin" title="Alfabet Latin">Alfabet Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Rune" title="Alfabet Rune">Alfabet Rune</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Aksara kerabat</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet-alfabet_Anatolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet-alfabet Anatolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Alfabet-alfabet Anatolia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="padding:0.25em;opacity:85%; background:lightblue; color:black;;">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">Ital</span>, <span style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">210 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4891256?uselang=id#P2620" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></span>, Italik Kuno (Etruskan, Oskan, dsb.)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="padding:0.25em;opacity:85%; background:lightblue; color:black;;">Pengkodean Unicode</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Nama Unicode</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Old Italic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rentang_Unicode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rentang Unicode (halaman belum tersedia)">Rentang Unicode</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U10300.pdf">U+10300–U+1032F</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:87%;"> Artikel ini mengandung <b><a href="/wiki/Transkripsi_fonetik" title="Transkripsi fonetik">transkripsi fonetik</a></b> dalam <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional</a> <b>(IPA)</b>. Untuk bantuan dalam membaca simbol IPA, lihat <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan:IPA</a>. Untuk penjelasan perbedaan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> dan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span> <span class="Unicode">⟩</span>, Lihat <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional#Tanda_kurung_dan_delimitasi_transkripsi" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">IPA § Tanda kurung dan delimitasi transkripsi</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfabet Italik Kuno</b> adalah kumpulan <a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">alfabet</a> yang pernah digunakan di <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Italia" title="Semenanjung Italia">Semenanjung Italia</a> sebelum masehi. Alfabet ini digunakan untuk menulis <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa</a> seperti <a href="/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Italik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa-bahasa Italik">bahasa-bahasa Italik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faliski" title="Bahasa Faliski">bahasa Faliski</a> dan anggota kelompok <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Oska-Umbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Oska-Umbria">Sabelik</a>, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Oska" title="Bahasa Oska">bahasa Oska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Umbria" title="Bahasa Umbria">Umbria</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pikenum_Selatan" title="Bahasa Pikenum Selatan">Pikenum Selatan</a>) dan juga bahasa-bahasa non-Italik seperti <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Etruria" title="Bahasa Etruria">bahasa Etruria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Venetik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Venetik">Venetik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Messapia" title="Bahasa Messapia">Messapia</a>. Alfabet ini diturunkan dari <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani" title="Alfabet Yunani">alfabet Yunani</a>, tepatnya <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani_Barat" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Yunani Barat">alfabet Yunani Barat</a> yang digunakan di <a href="/wiki/Ischia" title="Ischia">Ischia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Cumae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumae">Cumae</a> di <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Napoli" title="Teluk Napoli">Teluk Napoli</a> pada abad ke-8 SM. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asal">Asal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Asal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alfabet Italik Kuno diturunkan dari <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani" title="Alfabet Yunani">alfabet Yunani</a>, meskipun penyebaran alfabet yang tepat tidak diketahui. Beberapa cendekiawan berpendapat bahwa <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Etruria" title="Alfabet Etruria">alfabet Etruria</a> diturunkan dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolonisasi_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolonisasi Yunani (halaman belum tersedia)">koloni</a> suku <a href="/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia">Euboia</a> di <a href="/wiki/Cumae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumae">Cumae</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ischia" title="Ischia">Ischia (Pithekoūsai)</a> di pesisir <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Napoli" title="Teluk Napoli">Teluk Napoli</a> pada abad ke- 8 SM; <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani_Kuno#Euboia" title="Alfabet Yunani Kuno">alfabet Yunani ragam Euboria</a> juga disebut sebagai 'Cumaeana' (dinamai dari Cumae), atau 'Khalkidia' (dari <a href="/wiki/Koloni_pada_zaman_kuno" title="Koloni pada zaman kuno">metropolis</a> <a href="/wiki/Khalkis" title="Khalkis">Khalkis</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Banti_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banti-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hipotesis Cumaean didukung oleh bukti penggalian <a href="/wiki/Veii" title="Veii">Veii</a> pada tahun 1957–58 oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Rome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British School at Rome (halaman belum tersedia)">British School at Rome</a>, yang menemukan potongan-potongan tembikar Yunani yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya kontak antara <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Etruria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Etruria">kota bangsa Etruria</a> di Veii dan koloni Yunani di Cumae dan Ischia telah ada sejak paruh kedua abad ke-8.<sup id="cite_ref-Banti_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banti-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para cendekiawan lain mengandaikan hipotesis alfabet Yunani Barat berbeda yang bahkan lebih tua dari yang dibuktikan telah memunculkan alfabet Etruria.<sup id="cite_ref-Banti_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banti-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apapun hipotesisnya, yang jelas bangsa Etruria menambahkan huruf <i>c</i>, <i>q</i>, dan <a href="/wiki/Digraf" title="Digraf">digraf</a> <i>vh</i> atau <i>hv</i> (untuk bunyi /f/) untuk mewakili bunyi yang tidak ada dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani_Kuno" title="Bahasa Yunani Kuno">bahasa Yunani Kuno</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallace_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallace-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perkembangan dan penggunaan alfabet Yunani dapat menandai akhir dari <a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Villanova" title="Kebudayaan Villanova">Kebudayaan Villanova</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_Orientalisasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode Orientalisasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Periode Orientalisasi</a> pada masyarakat Etruria.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallace_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallace-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:19</sup></span> </p><p>Karena Etruria adalah peradaban terkemuka di Semenanjung Italia pada periode itu, secara luas diterima bahwa mereka menyebarkan alfabet mereka ke seluruh semenanjung, dan alfabet Italik Kuno lainnya diperkenalkan oleh mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallace_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallace-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para cendekiawan memberikan tiga alasan: Etruria dan non-Etruria memiliki kontak yang kuat pada abad ke-8 dan ke-7, prasasti yang bertahan dari bahasa lain muncul kemudian (setelah akhir abad ke-8) ketimbang prasasti Etruria terawal (pertama daripada <a href="/wiki/Suku_Umbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Umbria">suku Umbria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faliski" title="Faliski">Faliski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suku_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Latin">Latin</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sabini" title="Sabini">Sabini</a> di selatan, pada abad ke-6 juga di <a href="/wiki/Lembah_Po" title="Lembah Po">Lembah Po</a> dan di antara suku-suku <a href="/wiki/Galia_Cisalpina" title="Galia Cisalpina">Galia Cisalpina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Venetia" title="Bahasa Venetia">Venetia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Raetia" title="Raetia">Raetia</a>), dan huruf-huruf yang digunakan dalam prasasti-prasasti ternyata didasarkan pada alfabet Yunani Barat versi Etruria.<sup id="cite_ref-Wallace_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wallace-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun, beberapa dari alfabet tersebut, termasuk alfabet Latin, mempertahankan huruf-huruf Yunani tertentu yang tidak dipakai lagi oleh bangsa Etruria sendiri pada tahap yang agak awal. </p><p>Alfabet Italik Kuno digunakan untuk berbagai bahasa yang berbeda, termasuk beberapa <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">Indo-Eropa</a> (terutama cabang <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Italik" title="Rumpun bahasa Italik">Italik</a>, dan pada tingkat yang lebih rendah digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Kelt_Benua" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Kelt Benua">bahasa-bahasa Kelt Benua</a>, serta mungkin dalam prasasti yang ditafsirkan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Jermanik" title="Bahasa Proto-Jermanik">bahasa Proto-Jermanik</a>) dan non-Indo-Eropa (termasuk <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Etruria" title="Bahasa Etruria">bahasa Etruria</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Raetia" title="Bahasa Raetia">Raetia</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perbandingan">Perbandingan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Perbandingan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perbandingan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tabel berikut menunjukkan ragam-ragam alfabet Italik Kuno yang dimulai dari aksara leluhurnya (<a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">Abjad Fenisia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani_Kuno" title="Alfabet Yunani Kuno">Alfabet Yunani Barat</a>). Huruf-huruf yang dianggap sesuai ditempatkan pada kolom yang sama. Banyak huruf muncul dengan dua atau lebih bentuk ragam yang diturunkan dari huruf yang sama. Hanya satu ragam utama alfabet yang ditampilkan di sini. Simbol <b>[←]</b> dan <b>[→]</b> menunjukkan bahwa bentuk yang ditunjukkan masing-masing digunakan saat menulis dari kanan ke kiri dan kiri ke kanan. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">Fenisia</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huruf [←] </th> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_aleph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/12px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/18px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/24px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_beth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Phoenician_beth.svg/12px-Phoenician_beth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Phoenician_beth.svg/18px-Phoenician_beth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Phoenician_beth.svg/24px-Phoenician_beth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_gimel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Phoenician_gimel.svg/12px-Phoenician_gimel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Phoenician_gimel.svg/18px-Phoenician_gimel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Phoenician_gimel.svg/24px-Phoenician_gimel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_daleth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Phoenician_daleth.svg/12px-Phoenician_daleth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Phoenician_daleth.svg/18px-Phoenician_daleth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Phoenician_daleth.svg/24px-Phoenician_daleth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_he.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Phoenician_he.svg/12px-Phoenician_he.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Phoenician_he.svg/18px-Phoenician_he.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Phoenician_he.svg/24px-Phoenician_he.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_waw.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Phoenician_waw.svg/12px-Phoenician_waw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Phoenician_waw.svg/18px-Phoenician_waw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Phoenician_waw.svg/24px-Phoenician_waw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_zayin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Phoenician_zayin.svg/12px-Phoenician_zayin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Phoenician_zayin.svg/18px-Phoenician_zayin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Phoenician_zayin.svg/24px-Phoenician_zayin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_heth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_heth.svg/12px-Phoenician_heth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_heth.svg/18px-Phoenician_heth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_heth.svg/24px-Phoenician_heth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_teth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Phoenician_teth.svg/12px-Phoenician_teth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Phoenician_teth.svg/18px-Phoenician_teth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Phoenician_teth.svg/24px-Phoenician_teth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_yodh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Phoenician_yodh.svg/12px-Phoenician_yodh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Phoenician_yodh.svg/18px-Phoenician_yodh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Phoenician_yodh.svg/24px-Phoenician_yodh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_kaph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenician_kaph.svg/12px-Phoenician_kaph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenician_kaph.svg/18px-Phoenician_kaph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenician_kaph.svg/24px-Phoenician_kaph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_lamedh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Phoenician_lamedh.svg/12px-Phoenician_lamedh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Phoenician_lamedh.svg/18px-Phoenician_lamedh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Phoenician_lamedh.svg/24px-Phoenician_lamedh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_mem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Phoenician_mem.svg/12px-Phoenician_mem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Phoenician_mem.svg/18px-Phoenician_mem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Phoenician_mem.svg/24px-Phoenician_mem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_nun.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Phoenician_nun.svg/12px-Phoenician_nun.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Phoenician_nun.svg/18px-Phoenician_nun.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Phoenician_nun.svg/24px-Phoenician_nun.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_samekh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/12px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/18px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/24px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_ayin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Phoenician_ayin.svg/12px-Phoenician_ayin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Phoenician_ayin.svg/18px-Phoenician_ayin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Phoenician_ayin.svg/24px-Phoenician_ayin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_pe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/12px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/18px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/24px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_sade.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_sade.svg/12px-Phoenician_sade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_sade.svg/18px-Phoenician_sade.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Phoenician_sade.svg/24px-Phoenician_sade.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_qoph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/12px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/18px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/24px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_res.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Phoenician_res.svg/12px-Phoenician_res.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Phoenician_res.svg/18px-Phoenician_res.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Phoenician_res.svg/24px-Phoenician_res.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_sin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/12px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/18px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/24px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_taw.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Phoenician_taw.svg/12px-Phoenician_taw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Phoenician_taw.svg/18px-Phoenician_taw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Phoenician_taw.svg/24px-Phoenician_taw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th> <td>ʾ</td> <td>b</td> <td>g</td> <td>d</td> <td>h</td> <td>w</td> <td>z</td> <td>ḥ</td> <td>ṭ</td> <td>y</td> <td>k</td> <td>l</td> <td>m</td> <td>n</td> <td>s</td> <td>ʿ</td> <td>p</td> <td>ṣ</td> <td>q</td> <td>r</td> <td>š</td> <td>t</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani_Kuno" title="Alfabet Yunani Kuno">Yunani Barat</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKirchhoff1877[https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/n179_168]_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirchhoff1877[https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/n179_168]-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huruf [→] </th> <td style="background-color:#E0FFE0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Alpha_03.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Alpha_03.svg/13px-Greek_Alpha_03.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Alpha_03.svg/19px-Greek_Alpha_03.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Alpha_03.svg/26px-Greek_Alpha_03.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#E0FFE0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Beta_16.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Greek_Beta_16.svg/13px-Greek_Beta_16.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Greek_Beta_16.svg/19px-Greek_Beta_16.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Greek_Beta_16.svg/26px-Greek_Beta_16.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#E0FFE0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg/13px-Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg/19px-Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg/26px-Greek_Gamma_archaic_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#E0FFE0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Delta_04.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Greek_Delta_04.svg/13px-Greek_Delta_04.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Greek_Delta_04.svg/19px-Greek_Delta_04.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greek_Chi_normal.svg/13px-Greek_Chi_normal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greek_Chi_normal.svg/19px-Greek_Chi_normal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greek_Chi_normal.svg/26px-Greek_Chi_normal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#EE80FF;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Phi_archaic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Greek_Phi_archaic.svg/13px-Greek_Phi_archaic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Greek_Phi_archaic.svg/19px-Greek_Phi_archaic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Greek_Phi_archaic.svg/26px-Greek_Phi_archaic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#EE80FF;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Greek_Psi_straight.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_Psi_straight.svg/13px-Greek_Psi_straight.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_Psi_straight.svg/19px-Greek_Psi_straight.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_Psi_straight.svg/26px-Greek_Psi_straight.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>g</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>w</td> <td>zd</td> <td>h</td> <td>tʰ</td> <td>i</td> <td>k</td> <td>l</td> <td>m</td> <td>n</td> <td></td> <td>o</td> <td>p</td> <td>s</td> <td>k</td> <td>r</td> <td>s</td> <td>t</td> <td>u</td> <td>ks</td> <td>pʰ</td> <td>kʰ</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transkripsi </th> <td>Α</td> <td>Β</td> <td>Γ</td> <td>Δ</td> <td>Ε</td> <td>Ϝ</td> <td>Ζ</td> <td>Η</td> <td>Θ</td> <td>Ι</td> <td>Κ</td> <td>Λ</td> <td>Μ</td> <td>Ν</td> <td>Ξ</td> <td>Ο</td> <td>Π</td> <td>Ϻ</td> <td>Ϙ</td> <td>Ρ</td> <td>Σ</td> <td>Τ</td> <td>Υ</td> <td>X</td> <td>Φ</td> <td>Ψ</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Etruria" title="Alfabet Etruria">Etruria</a></b> (dari abad ke-7 SM)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Marsiliana [←] </th> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanA-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/EtruscanA-01.svg/9px-EtruscanA-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/EtruscanA-01.svg/13px-EtruscanA-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/EtruscanA-01.svg/17px-EtruscanA-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanB-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EtruscanB-01.svg/9px-EtruscanB-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EtruscanB-01.svg/13px-EtruscanB-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EtruscanB-01.svg/17px-EtruscanB-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanC-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/EtruscanC-01.svg/9px-EtruscanC-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/EtruscanC-01.svg/13px-EtruscanC-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/EtruscanC-01.svg/17px-EtruscanC-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanD-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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/></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanF-02.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/9px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/13px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/17px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Baru<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> [←] </th> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanA-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/9px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/13px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/EtruscanF-02.svg/17px-EtruscanF-02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th> <td>a </td> <td> </td> <td>k </td> <td> </td> <td>e </td> <td>v </td> <td>ts </td> <td>h </td> <td>t<sup>h</sup> </td> <td>i </td> <td>k </td> <td>l </td> <td>m </td> <td>n </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>p </td> <td>sh </td> <td>k </td> <td>r </td> <td>s </td> <td>t </td> <td>u </td> <td>s </td> <td>p<sup>h</sup> </td> <td>k<sup>h</sup> </td> <td>f </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transkripsi </th> <td>a </td> <td> </td> <td>c </td> <td> </td> <td>e </td> <td>v </td> <td>z </td> <td>h </td> <td>θ </td> <td>i </td> <td>k </td> <td>l </td> <td>m </td> <td>n </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>p </td> <td>ś </td> <td>q </td> <td>r </td> <td>s </td> <td>t </td> <td>u </td> <td>ṡ </td> <td>φ </td> <td>χ </td> <td>f </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Oska" title="Bahasa Oska">Oska</a></b> (dari abad ke-5 SM)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huruf [←] </th> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_A3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Oscan_A3.svg/10px-Oscan_A3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Oscan_A3.svg/15px-Oscan_A3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Oscan_A3.svg/20px-Oscan_A3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="176" data-file-height="208" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_B1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Oscan_B1.svg/5px-Oscan_B1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Oscan_B1.svg/7px-Oscan_B1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Oscan_B1.svg/10px-Oscan_B1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="37" data-file-height="87" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_C1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_C1.svg/6px-Oscan_C1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_C1.svg/10px-Oscan_C1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_C1.svg/13px-Oscan_C1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_D1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Oscan_D1.svg/7px-Oscan_D1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Oscan_D1.svg/11px-Oscan_D1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Oscan_D1.svg/15px-Oscan_D1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="57" data-file-height="91" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_E1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Oscan_E1.svg/7px-Oscan_E1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Oscan_E1.svg/11px-Oscan_E1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Oscan_E1.svg/15px-Oscan_E1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="55" data-file-height="87" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_F2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oscan_F2.svg/8px-Oscan_F2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oscan_F2.svg/12px-Oscan_F2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oscan_F2.svg/16px-Oscan_F2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="95" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_Z1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Oscan_Z1.svg/7px-Oscan_Z1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Oscan_Z1.svg/11px-Oscan_Z1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Oscan_Z1.svg/15px-Oscan_Z1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="109" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_H1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Oscan_H1.svg/7px-Oscan_H1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Oscan_H1.svg/11px-Oscan_H1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Oscan_H1.svg/15px-Oscan_H1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="113" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_I1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Oscan_I1.svg/1px-Oscan_I1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="1" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Oscan_I1.svg/2px-Oscan_I1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Oscan_I1.svg/3px-Oscan_I1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="84" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_K2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_K2.svg/7px-Oscan_K2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_K2.svg/11px-Oscan_K2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Oscan_K2.svg/15px-Oscan_K2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="56" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_L2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Oscan_L2.svg/7px-Oscan_L2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Oscan_L2.svg/11px-Oscan_L2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Oscan_L2.svg/15px-Oscan_L2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="52" data-file-height="84" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_M1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Oscan_M1.svg/13px-Oscan_M1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Oscan_M1.svg/19px-Oscan_M1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Oscan_M1.svg/25px-Oscan_M1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="114" data-file-height="109" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_N1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Oscan_N1.svg/8px-Oscan_N1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Oscan_N1.svg/12px-Oscan_N1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Oscan_N1.svg/16px-Oscan_N1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="74" data-file-height="109" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_P1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Oscan_P1.svg/9px-Oscan_P1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Oscan_P1.svg/13px-Oscan_P1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Oscan_P1.svg/17px-Oscan_P1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_R1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Oscan_R1.svg/7px-Oscan_R1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Oscan_R1.svg/10px-Oscan_R1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Oscan_R1.svg/14px-Oscan_R1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="67" data-file-height="114" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_S1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oscan_S1.svg/9px-Oscan_S1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oscan_S1.svg/13px-Oscan_S1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oscan_S1.svg/18px-Oscan_S1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="81" data-file-height="108" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_T2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Oscan_T2.svg/13px-Oscan_T2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Oscan_T2.svg/19px-Oscan_T2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Oscan_T2.svg/25px-Oscan_T2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="55" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_U1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Oscan_U1.svg/12px-Oscan_U1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Oscan_U1.svg/17px-Oscan_U1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Oscan_U1.svg/23px-Oscan_U1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="104" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_F3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Oscan_F3.svg/8px-Oscan_F3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Oscan_F3.svg/12px-Oscan_F3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Oscan_F3.svg/16px-Oscan_F3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="74" data-file-height="110" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_U3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Oscan_U3.svg/10px-Oscan_U3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Oscan_U3.svg/16px-Oscan_U3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Oscan_U3.svg/21px-Oscan_U3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="115" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Oscan_I2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Oscan_I2.svg/5px-Oscan_I2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Oscan_I2.svg/7px-Oscan_I2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Oscan_I2.svg/10px-Oscan_I2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="84" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>g</td> <td>d</td> <td>ɛ</td> <td>v</td> <td>ts</td> <td>x?</td> <td></td> <td>i</td> <td>k</td> <td>l</td> <td>m</td> <td>n</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>p</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>r</td> <td>s</td> <td>t</td> <td>o:</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>f</td> <td>o</td> <td>e</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transkripsi </th> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>G</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>Z</td> <td>H</td> <td></td> <td>I</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>P</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>F</td> <td>Ú</td> <td>Í</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Leponti" title="Bahasa Leponti">Leponti</a></b> (abad ke-7–ke-5 SM) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huruf [?][→] </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r15214330">.mw-parser-output .script-old-italic{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Italica Vetus","Italica Vetus SN",Cardo,FreeMono,"DejaVu Sans","Noto Sans Old Italic","Quivira","Aegean","Segoe UI Historic"}.mw-parser-output .script-old-italic[style*="direction: rtl"]{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Italica Vetus SN","Italica Vetus",Cardo,FreeMono,"DejaVu Sans","Noto Sans Old Italic","Quivira","Aegean","Segoe UI Historic"}</style><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌆</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌈</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌑</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌗</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th></tr> <tr> <th>Transkripsi </th> <td>A</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>Z</td> <td></td> <td>Θ</td> <td>I</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td></td> <td>O</td> <td>P</td> <td>Ś</td> <td></td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>X</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="31" style="background-color:#FAFAFA;text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pikenum_Selatan" title="Bahasa Pikenum Selatan">Pikenum Selatan</a></b> (dari abad ke-6 SM) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huruf [?][→] </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌁</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌂</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌃</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌇</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌒</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌚</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌞</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌝</span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌟</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bunyi </th></tr> <tr> <th>Transkripsi </th> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>G</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td></td> <td>H</td> <td></td> <td>I</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td></td> <td>O</td> <td>P</td> <td></td> <td>Q</td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>F</td> <td>Ú</td> <td>Í</td> <td>* </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alfabet">Alfabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Alfabet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alfabet"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_Etruria">Alfabet Etruria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Alfabet Etruria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alfabet Etruria"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Etruria" title="Alfabet Etruria">Alfabet Etruria</a></div> <table cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌁</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌂</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌃</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌆</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌇</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌈</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌎</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌑</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌒</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌗</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌘</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌙</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="26">alih aksara: </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>G</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>Z</td> <td>H</td> <td>Θ</td> <td>I</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M </td></tr> <tr> <td>N</td> <td>Ξ</td> <td>O</td> <td>P</td> <td>Ś</td> <td>Q</td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>Y</td> <td>X</td> <td>Φ</td> <td>Ψ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Bentuk kuno alfabet Etruria tidak berubah hingga sekitar tahun 600 SM, dan arah penulisannya bebas. Kemudian alfabet ini berubah dan disesuaikan dengan fonologi bahasa Etruria, dan huruf-huruf yang tidak mewakili fonem dalam bahasa Etruria tidak lagi digunakan. Pada tahun 400 SM, tampaknya seluruh wilayah <a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a> sudah menggunakan alfabet Etruria klasik yang terdiri dari 20 huruf, yang biasanya ditulis dari kiri ke kanan: </p> <table cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌂</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌃</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌆</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌇</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌈</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌑</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌘</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌙</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌚</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>C</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>Z</td> <td>H</td> <td>Θ</td> <td>I</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td>P</td> <td>Ś</td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>Φ</td> <td>Ψ</td> <td>F </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphabet_Nuceria">Alphabet Nuceria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Alphabet Nuceria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alphabet Nuceria"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif/lossy-page1-700px-Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="700" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif/lossy-page1-1050px-Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif/lossy-page1-1400px-Segni_alfabeto_nucerino.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4004" data-file-height="1233" /></a></span> </p><p>Alfabet Nuceria berdasarkan prasasti-prasasti yang ditemukan di Italia selatan (<a href="/wiki/Nocera_Superiore" title="Nocera Superiore">Nocera Superiore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorrento" title="Sorrento">Sorrento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vico_Equense" title="Vico Equense">Vico Equense</a>). Alfabet tersebut dibuktikan tertulis hanya antara abad ke-6 hingga ke-5 SM. Huruf yang paling terkenal adalah /S/, berbentuk seperti pohon cemara, dan mungkin langsung diturunkan dari suatu huruf <a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">abjad Fenisia</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png/290px-Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="513" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png/435px-Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Venetic_Raetic_Camunic_Lepontic_alphabets.png 2x" data-file-width="483" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>Alfabet Este (Venetia), Magrè, dan Bolzano/Bozen-Sanzeno (Raetia), Sondrio (Kamuni), Lugano (Leponti)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_Lugano">Alfabet Lugano</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Alfabet Lugano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alfabet Lugano"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alfabet <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> berasal dari prasasti-prasasti yang ditemukan di <a href="/wiki/Italia_Utara" title="Italia Utara">Italia Utara</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kanton_Ticino" title="Kanton Ticino">Kanton Ticino</a>, dan pernah digunakan untuk menulis <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Lepontik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Lepontik">bahasa Lepontik</a> dari abad ke-7 hingga ke-5 SM. Alfabet ini berasal dari alfabet Etruria: </p> <table cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌆</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌈</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌑</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌗</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>Z</td> <td>Θ</td> <td>I</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td>O</td> <td>P</td> <td>Ś</td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>X </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_Raetia">Alfabet Raetia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Alfabet Raetia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alfabet Raetia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_a.png" class="mw-file-description" title="a"><img alt="a" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Old_Futhark_a.png/9px-Old_Futhark_a.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Old_Futhark_a.png/14px-Old_Futhark_a.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Old_Futhark_a.png/19px-Old_Futhark_a.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="67" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_b.png" class="mw-file-description" title="b"><img alt="b" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_Futhark_b.png/11px-Old_Futhark_b.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_Futhark_b.png/17px-Old_Futhark_b.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Old_Futhark_b.png/22px-Old_Futhark_b.png 2x" data-file-width="39" data-file-height="69" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_k.png" class="mw-file-description" title="g"><img alt="g" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Futhark_k.png/11px-Old_Futhark_k.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Futhark_k.png/16px-Old_Futhark_k.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Futhark_k.png/21px-Old_Futhark_k.png 2x" data-file-width="34" data-file-height="63" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_d.png" class="mw-file-description" title="d"><img alt="d" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Old_Futhark_d.png/12px-Old_Futhark_d.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Old_Futhark_d.png/18px-Old_Futhark_d.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Old_Futhark_d.png/24px-Old_Futhark_d.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="68" /></a></span>EF<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_w.png" class="mw-file-description" title="w"><img alt="w" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Old_Futhark_w.png/9px-Old_Futhark_w.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Old_Futhark_w.png/14px-Old_Futhark_w.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Old_Futhark_w.png/19px-Old_Futhark_w.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="66" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanZ-01.png" class="mw-file-description" title="z"><img alt="z" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/EtruscanZ-01.png/20px-EtruscanZ-01.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/EtruscanZ-01.png/30px-EtruscanZ-01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/EtruscanZ-01.png/40px-EtruscanZ-01.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanH-01.png" class="mw-file-description" title="h"><img alt="h" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/EtruscanH-01.png/20px-EtruscanH-01.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/EtruscanH-01.png/30px-EtruscanH-01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/EtruscanH-01.png/40px-EtruscanH-01.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_th.png" class="mw-file-description" title="θ"><img alt="θ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Old_Futhark_th.png/9px-Old_Futhark_th.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Old_Futhark_th.png/14px-Old_Futhark_th.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Old_Futhark_th.png/19px-Old_Futhark_th.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="66" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_i.png" class="mw-file-description" title="i"><img alt="i" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Old_Futhark_i.png/6px-Old_Futhark_i.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Old_Futhark_i.png/9px-Old_Futhark_i.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Old_Futhark_i.png/12px-Old_Futhark_i.png 2x" data-file-width="22" data-file-height="71" /></a></span>K<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_l.png" class="mw-file-description" title="l"><img alt="l" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Old_Futhark_l.png/9px-Old_Futhark_l.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Old_Futhark_l.png/14px-Old_Futhark_l.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Old_Futhark_l.png/18px-Old_Futhark_l.png 2x" data-file-width="30" data-file-height="64" /></a></span>M<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:EtruscanN-01.png" class="mw-file-description" title="n"><img alt="n" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EtruscanN-01.png/20px-EtruscanN-01.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EtruscanN-01.png/30px-EtruscanN-01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EtruscanN-01.png/40px-EtruscanN-01.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Phoenician_samekh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="j"><img alt="j" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/20px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/30px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Phoenician_samekh.svg/40px-Phoenician_samekh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_u.png" class="mw-file-description" title="u"><img alt="u" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Old_Futhark_u.png/13px-Old_Futhark_u.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Old_Futhark_u.png/20px-Old_Futhark_u.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Old_Futhark_u.png/27px-Old_Futhark_u.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="67" /></a></span>ΠϘ<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_r.png" class="mw-file-description" title="r"><img alt="r" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Old_Futhark_r.png/12px-Old_Futhark_r.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Old_Futhark_r.png/19px-Old_Futhark_r.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Old_Futhark_r.png/25px-Old_Futhark_r.png 2x" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="65" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_s.png" class="mw-file-description" title="s"><img alt="s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Old_Futhark_s.png/10px-Old_Futhark_s.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Old_Futhark_s.png/15px-Old_Futhark_s.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Old_Futhark_s.png/20px-Old_Futhark_s.png 2x" data-file-width="37" data-file-height="74" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_t.png" class="mw-file-description" title="t"><img alt="t" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Old_Futhark_t.png/14px-Old_Futhark_t.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Old_Futhark_t.png/21px-Old_Futhark_t.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Old_Futhark_t.png/28px-Old_Futhark_t.png 2x" data-file-width="49" data-file-height="69" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_g.png" class="mw-file-description" title="g"><img alt="g" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Old_Futhark_g.png/15px-Old_Futhark_g.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Old_Futhark_g.png/22px-Old_Futhark_g.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Old_Futhark_g.png/29px-Old_Futhark_g.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="65" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Old_Futhark_o.png" class="mw-file-description" title="o"><img alt="o" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Old_Futhark_o.png/15px-Old_Futhark_o.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Old_Futhark_o.png/22px-Old_Futhark_o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Old_Futhark_o.png/30px-Old_Futhark_o.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></dd> <dd><i>ABKDEFWZEHΘIKLMNJUPQRSTGO</i> --></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_Pikenum_Selatan">Alfabet Pikenum Selatan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Alfabet Pikenum Selatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Alfabet Pikenum Selatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alfabet Pikenum Selatan ini ditemukan dari abad ke-6 SM </p> <table cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌁</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌂</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌃</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌇</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌝</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌒</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌞</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌚</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌟</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>G</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>V</td> <td>H</td> <td>I</td> <td>Í</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td>O</td> <td>P</td> <td>Q</td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>Ú</td> <td>F</td> <td>* </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Unicode" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Unicode"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_(blok_Unicode)" title="Old Italic (blok Unicode)">Old Italic (blok Unicode)</a></div> <p>Alfabet Italik Kuno dipadukan dan ditambahkan ke <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> Standard pada Maret 2001 dengan rilis versi 3.1. Blok Unicode untuk Alfabet Italik Kuno adalah U+10300–U+1032F tanpa pengkhususan ragam alfabet tertentu (yaitu alfabet Italik Kuno hanya dianggap satu jenis, dan <a href="/wiki/Fon" class="mw-disambig" title="Fon">fon</a> yang digunakan dapat menunjukkan ragam).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arah penulisan (kanan-ke-kiri, kiri-ke-kanan, atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boustrofedon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boustrofedon (halaman belum tersedia)">boustrofedon</a>) bervariasi berdasarkan bahasa dan bahkan periode waktu. Untuk kesederhanaan, kebanyakan cendekiawan menggunakan arah kiri-ke-kanan dan ini adalah arah bawaan Unicode untuk blok Italik Kuno. Untuk alasan ini, <a href="/wiki/Glif" title="Glif">glif</a> dalam bagan kode ditampilkan dengan orientasi kiri-ke-kanan.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"><b><a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_(blok_Unicode)" title="Old Italic (blok Unicode)">Old Italic</a></b><sup class="reference" id="ref_U10300_as_of_Unicode_version"><a href="#endnote_U10300_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="ref_U10300_grey"><a href="#endnote_U10300_grey">[2]</a></sup><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U10300.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+1030x </td> <td title="U+10300: OLD ITALIC LETTER A">𐌀 </td> <td title="U+10301: OLD ITALIC LETTER BE">𐌁 </td> <td title="U+10302: OLD ITALIC LETTER KE">𐌂 </td> <td title="U+10303: OLD ITALIC LETTER DE">𐌃 </td> <td title="U+10304: OLD ITALIC LETTER E">𐌄 </td> <td title="U+10305: OLD ITALIC LETTER VE">𐌅 </td> <td title="U+10306: OLD ITALIC LETTER ZE">𐌆 </td> <td title="U+10307: OLD ITALIC LETTER HE">𐌇 </td> <td title="U+10308: OLD ITALIC LETTER THE">𐌈 </td> <td title="U+10309: OLD ITALIC LETTER I">𐌉 </td> <td title="U+1030A: OLD ITALIC LETTER KA">𐌊 </td> <td title="U+1030B: OLD ITALIC LETTER EL">𐌋 </td> <td title="U+1030C: OLD ITALIC LETTER EM">𐌌 </td> <td title="U+1030D: OLD ITALIC LETTER EN">𐌍 </td> <td title="U+1030E: OLD ITALIC LETTER ESH">𐌎 </td> <td title="U+1030F: OLD ITALIC LETTER O">𐌏 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+1031x </td> <td title="U+10310: OLD ITALIC LETTER PE">𐌐 </td> <td title="U+10311: OLD ITALIC LETTER SHE">𐌑 </td> <td title="U+10312: OLD ITALIC LETTER KU">𐌒 </td> <td title="U+10313: OLD ITALIC LETTER ER">𐌓 </td> <td title="U+10314: OLD ITALIC LETTER ES">𐌔 </td> <td title="U+10315: OLD ITALIC LETTER TE">𐌕 </td> <td title="U+10316: OLD ITALIC LETTER U">𐌖 </td> <td title="U+10317: OLD ITALIC LETTER EKS">𐌗 </td> <td title="U+10318: OLD ITALIC LETTER PHE">𐌘 </td> <td title="U+10319: OLD ITALIC LETTER KHE">𐌙 </td> <td title="U+1031A: OLD ITALIC LETTER EF">𐌚 </td> <td title="U+1031B: OLD ITALIC LETTER ERS">𐌛 </td> <td title="U+1031C: OLD ITALIC LETTER CHE">𐌜 </td> <td title="U+1031D: OLD ITALIC LETTER II">𐌝 </td> <td title="U+1031E: OLD ITALIC LETTER UU">𐌞 </td> <td title="U+1031F: OLD ITALIC LETTER ESS">𐌟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+1032x </td> <td title="U+10320: OLD ITALIC NUMERAL ONE">𐌠 </td> <td title="U+10321: OLD ITALIC NUMERAL FIVE">𐌡 </td> <td title="U+10322: OLD ITALIC NUMERAL TEN">𐌢 </td> <td title="U+10323: OLD ITALIC NUMERAL FIFTY">𐌣 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Catatan</b> <dl><dd>1.<span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U10300_as_of_Unicode_version"><b><a href="#ref_U10300_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a></b></span>Per Unicode versi 8.0</dd> <dd>2.<span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U10300_grey"><b><a href="#ref_U10300_grey">^</a></b></span>Abu-abu berarti titik kode kosong</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Huruf_dan_alih_aksara">Huruf dan alih aksara</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Huruf dan alih aksara" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Huruf dan alih aksara"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Huruf</th> <th>Alih aksara</th> <th>Nama </th> <th> </th> <th>Huruf</th> <th>Alih aksara</th> <th>Nama </th> <th> </th> <th>Huruf</th> <th>Alih aksara</th> <th>Nama </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌀</span></td> <td>a</td> <td>a </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌁</span></td> <td>b</td> <td>be </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌂</span></td> <td>c</td> <td>ke </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌃</span></td> <td>d</td> <td>de </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌄</span></td> <td>e</td> <td>e </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅</span></td> <td>v</td> <td>ve </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌆</span></td> <td>z</td> <td>ze </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌇</span></td> <td>h</td> <td>he </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌈</span></td> <td>þ</td> <td>the </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌉</span></td> <td>i</td> <td>i </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌊</span></td> <td>k</td> <td>ka </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌋</span></td> <td>l</td> <td>el </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌌</span></td> <td>m</td> <td>em </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌍</span></td> <td>n</td> <td>en </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌎</span></td> <td>š</td> <td>esh </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌏</span></td> <td>o</td> <td>o </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌐</span></td> <td>p</td> <td>pe </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌑</span></td> <td>ś</td> <td>she </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌒</span></td> <td>q</td> <td>ku </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌓</span></td> <td>r</td> <td>er </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌔</span></td> <td>s</td> <td>es </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌕</span></td> <td>t</td> <td>te </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌖</span></td> <td>u</td> <td>u </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌗</span></td> <td>x</td> <td>eks </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌘</span></td> <td>ph</td> <td>phe </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌙</span></td> <td>ch</td> <td>khe </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌚</span></td> <td>f</td> <td>ef </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌛</span></td> <td>ř</td> <td>ers </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌜</span></td> <td>ç</td> <td>che </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌝</span></td> <td>í</td> <td>ii </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌞</span></td> <td>ú</td> <td>uu </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌟</span></td> <td>*</td> <td>ess </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌠</span></td> <td>I</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌡</span></td> <td>V</td> <td>5 </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌢</span></td> <td>X</td> <td>10 </td> <td> </td> <td style="font-size:x-large"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r15214330"><span class="script-old-italic">𐌣</span></td> <td>L</td> <td>50 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(hingga abad ke-5 SM)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(abad ke-4 SM–ke-1 SM)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catatan_kaki">Catatan kaki</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan kaki"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Banti-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Banti_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banti_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banti_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Banti, Luisa (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3zzu5EjrCrsC&pg=PA193"><i>Etruscan Cities and Their Culture</i></a>. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. hlm. 193. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780520019102" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780520019102">9780520019102</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Etruscan+Cities+and+Their+Culture&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=9780520019102&rft.aulast=Banti&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3zzu5EjrCrsC%26pg%3DPA193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wallace-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wallace_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallace_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallace_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallace_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wallace, Rex E. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H91bCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT309">"Chapter 14: Language, Alphabet, and Linguistic Affiliation"</a>. <i>A Companion to the Etruscans</i>. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 309. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9781118354957" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9781118354957">9781118354957</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+14%3A+Language%2C+Alphabet%2C+and+Linguistic+Affiliation&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+the+Etruscans&rft.place=Chichester&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781118354957&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Rex+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH91bCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Adolf Kirchhoff (1877). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc"><i>Studien zur Geschichte des griechischen Alphabets</i></a>. Berlin: Dümmler. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/102">102</a>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/books/OL24337090M">24337090M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studien+zur+Geschichte+des+griechischen+Alphabets&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=D%C3%BCmmler&rft.date=1877&rft.au=Adolf+Kirchhoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstudienzurgeschi00kirc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirchhoff1877[https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/n179_168]-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKirchhoff1877[https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/n179_168]_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKirchhoff1877">Kirchhoff 1877</a>, hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studienzurgeschi00kirc/page/n179">168</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Giuliano Bonfante (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/etruscanlanguage0000bonf"><i>The Etruscan language</i></a>. Manchester: Manchester University Press. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/etruscanlanguage0000bonf/page/64">64</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0719009022" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0719009022">0719009022</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/610734784">610734784</a>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/books/OL19629507M">19629507M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Etruscan+language&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F610734784&rft.isbn=0719009022&rft.au=Giuliano+Bonfante&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fetruscanlanguage0000bonf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Herbert Alexander Stützer (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dieetruskerundih0000stut"><i>Die Etrusker und ihre Welt</i></a>. Köln: DuMont. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dieetruskerundih0000stut/page/12">12</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/3770131282" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/3770131282">3770131282</a>. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//lccn.loc.gov/94191271">94191271</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/611534598">611534598</a>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/books/OL1198388M">1198388M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Etrusker+und+ihre+Welt&rft.place=K%C3%B6ln&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=DuMont&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F611534598&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F94191271&rft.isbn=3770131282&rft.au=Herbert+Alexander+St%C3%BCtzer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdieetruskerundih0000stut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Carl Darling Buck (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grammarofoscanum00buckuoft"><i>A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian</i></a>. Boston: Ginn. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grammarofoscanum00buckuoft/page/22">22</a>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/books/OL7118142M">7118142M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+grammar+of+Oscan+and+Umbrian&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Ginn&rft.date=1904&rft.au=Carl+Darling+Buck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrammarofoscanum00buckuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Unicode_Consortium2001" class="citation">The Unicode Consortium (2001-05-16), "7.10 Old Italic (new section)", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr27/tr27-4.html#block"><i>Unicode Standard Annex #27, The Unicode Standard, Version 3.1.</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=7.10+Old+Italic+%28new+section%29&rft.btitle=Unicode+Standard+Annex+%2327%2C+The+Unicode+Standard%2C+Version+3.1.&rft.date=2001-05-16&rft.au=The+Unicode+Consortium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Freports%2Ftr27%2Ftr27-4.html%23block&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJenkinsEverson1997" class="citation">Jenkins, John; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Everson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Everson (halaman belum tersedia)">Everson, Michael</a> (1997-08-16), "E.Processing", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.evertype.com/standards/iso10646/plane-1/eo.html#processing"><i>Proposal for encoding the Etruscan script in ISO/IEC 10646</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=E.Processing&rft.btitle=Proposal+for+encoding+the+Etruscan+script+in+ISO%2FIEC+10646&rft.date=1997-08-16&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Everson%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.evertype.com%2Fstandards%2Fiso10646%2Fplane-1%2Feo.html%23processing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daftar_pustaka">Daftar pustaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Daftar pustaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daftar pustaka"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Bonfante, Giuliano; Bonfante, Larissa (2002). <i>The Etruscan Language: An Introduction</i> (edisi ke-2nd). Manchester: Manchester University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7190-5539-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7190-5539-3">0-7190-5539-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Etruscan+Language%3A+An+Introduction&rft.place=Manchester&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7190-5539-3&rft.aulast=Bonfante&rft.aufirst=Giuliano&rft.au=Bonfante%2C+Larissa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Mullen, Alex (2013). <i>Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean: Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-107-02059-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-107-02059-7">978-1-107-02059-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southern+Gaul+and+the+Mediterranean%3A+Multilingualism+and+Multiple+Identities+in+the+Iron+Age+and+Roman+Periods&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-107-02059-7&rft.aulast=Mullen&rft.aufirst=Alex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAlfabet+Italik+Kuno" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Italik_Kuno&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_alphabet" class="extiw" title="commons:Etruscan alphabet"><b><i>Italic letters</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_alphabet" class="extiw" title="commons:Etruscan alphabet"><b><i>Etruscan alphabet</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nucerian_alphabet" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nucerian alphabet"><span style="">Nucerian alphabet</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etp.classics.umass.edu">Etruscan Texts Project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050330053810/http://etp.classics.umass.edu/">Diarsipkan</a> 2005-03-30 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.: Pangkalan data daring yang memuat tulisan prasasti-prasasti bahasa Etruria.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U10300.pdf">Old Italic Unicode</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/etruscan.htm">The Etruscan alphabet</a> (Omniglot)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/olditalic.htm">Old Italic alphabets</a> (Omniglot)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/etruscan.html">Etruscan</a> (Ancient Scripts)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/oscan.html">Oscan</a> (Ancient Scripts)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wazu.jp/gallery/Fonts_OldItalic.html">Unicode Fonts</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jenis-jenis_aksara" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Jenis_aksara" title="Templat:Jenis aksara"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Jenis_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Jenis aksara (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Jenis_aksara&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jenis-jenis_aksara" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenis-jenis</a> <a href="/wiki/Aksara" title="Aksara">aksara</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Gambaran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_tulisan" title="Sejarah tulisan">Sejarah tulisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafem" title="Grafem">Grafem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Daftar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_yang_belum_diuraikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara yang belum diuraikan (halaman belum tersedia)">belum diuraikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_pencipta_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar pencipta aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">penemu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara_buatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara buatan (halaman belum tersedia)">buatan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Bahasa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_bahasa_menurut_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar bahasa menurut aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">menurut aksara</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daftar_bahasa_menurut_catatan_tertulis_pertama" title="Daftar bahasa menurut catatan tertulis pertama">catatan tertulis pertama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Jenis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:105%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenis</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abjad" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjad</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Arab_Selatan_Kuno" title="Abjad Arab Selatan Kuno">Arab Selatan Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Arab_Utara_Lama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Arab Utara Lama (halaman belum tersedia)">Arab Utara Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Arab" title="Abjad Arab">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Jawi" title="Abjad Jawi">Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Pegon" title="Abjad Pegon">Pegon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Aram" title="Abjad Aram">Aram</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Hatran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Hatran (halaman belum tersedia)">Hatran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">Fenisia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ibrani_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Ibrani Kuno">Ibrani Kuno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ibrani" title="Abjad Ibrani">Ibrani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ktav_Ashuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ktav Ashuri">Ashuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrani_Kursif" title="Ibrani Kursif">Kursif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrani_Rashi" title="Ibrani Rashi">Rashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solitreo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solitreo (halaman belum tersedia)">Solitreo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Mani" title="Abjad Mani">Mani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Nabath" title="Abjad Nabath">Nabath</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Pahlewi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Pahlewi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahlewi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazmur_Pahlewi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazmur Pahlewi (halaman belum tersedia)">Mazmur Pahlewi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Punik#Fonologi" title="Bahasa Punik">Punik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Proto-Sinai" title="Abjad Proto-Sinai">Proto-Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Samaria" title="Abjad Samaria">Samaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Sogdi" title="Abjad Sogdi">Sogdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Suryani" title="Abjad Suryani">Suryani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Pitman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Pitman (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Pitman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Teeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Teeline (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Teeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ugarit" title="Abjad Ugarit">Ugarit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abugida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_aksara_Brahmi" title="Rumpun aksara Brahmi">Brahmi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Utara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bhaiksuki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bhaiksuki (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhaiksuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bhujimol" title="Aksara Bhujimol">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brāhmī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Dewanagari" title="Aksara Dewanagari">Dewanagari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Dogra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Dogra (halaman belum tersedia)">Dogra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gujarat" title="Aksara Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gupta" title="Aksara Gupta">Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gurmukhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Gurmukhi">Gurmukhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kaithi" title="Aksara Kaithi">Kaithī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khojki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khojki (halaman belum tersedia)">Khojki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khudabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khudabad (halaman belum tersedia)">Khudabad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kotak_Zanabazar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kotak Zanabazar (halaman belum tersedia)">Kotak Zanabazar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Laṇḍā (halaman belum tersedia)">Laṇḍā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lepcha" title="Aksara Lepcha">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Limbu" title="Aksara Limbu">Limbu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mahajani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mahajani (halaman belum tersedia)">Mahajani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Manipur" title="Aksara Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marchen_(blok_Unicode)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marchen (blok Unicode) (halaman belum tersedia)">Marchen</a> <ul><li>Drusha</li> <li>Marchung</li> <li>Pungs-chen</li> <li>Pungs-chung</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Modi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Modi">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Multan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Multan (halaman belum tersedia)">Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_N%C4%81gar%C4%AB" title="Aksara Nāgarī">Nāgarī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nagari_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nagari Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Nagari Selatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nagari_Sylhet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nagari Sylhet (halaman belum tersedia)">Nagari Sylhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Nagari_Timur" title="Aksara Nagari Timur">Nagari Timur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Assam" title="Aksara Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bengali" title="Aksara Bengali">Bengali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nandinagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nandinagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Nandinagari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Newah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Newah (halaman belum tersedia)">Pracalit (Newah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Oriya" title="Aksara Oriya">Oriya</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Karani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Karani (halaman belum tersedia)">Karani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Phagspa" title="Aksara Phagspa">ʼPhags-pa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Ranjana" title="Aksara Ranjana">Ranjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sarada" title="Aksara Sarada">Sarada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Siddha%E1%B9%83" title="Aksara Siddhaṃ">Siddhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Soyombo" title="Aksara Soyombo">Soyombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Takri" title="Aksara Takri">Takri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet">Tibet</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Uchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Uchen (halaman belum tersedia)">Uchen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Um%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Umê (halaman belum tersedia)">Umê</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tirhuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tirhuta (halaman belum tersedia)">Tirhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tokharia" title="Aksara Tokharia">Tokharia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Selatan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Ahom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Ahom (halaman belum tersedia)">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bhattiprolu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bhattiprolu (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhattiprolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Burma" title="Aksara Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Chakma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Chakma (halaman belum tersedia)">Chakma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Cham" title="Aksara Cham">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Divehi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Divehi (halaman belum tersedia)">Divehi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Fakkham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Fakkham (halaman belum tersedia)">Fakkham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Goykanadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Goykanadi (halaman belum tersedia)">Goykanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Grantha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Grantha">Grantha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kadamba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kadamba (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kannada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kannada (halaman belum tersedia)">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Karen_S%27gaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Karen S'gaw (halaman belum tersedia)">Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Khmer" title="Aksara Khmer">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lao" title="Aksara Lao">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Leke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Leke (halaman belum tersedia)">Leke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Malayalam" title="Aksara Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Pallawa" title="Aksara Pallawa">Pallawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Pyu" title="Aksara Pyu">Pyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Saurashtra" title="Aksara Saurashtra">Saurashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sinhala" title="Aksara Sinhala">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Le&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Le (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Le</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Lue_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Lue Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Lue Baru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Noi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Noi (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Noi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Tham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Tham (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Tham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Viet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Viet (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Viet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tamil" title="Aksara Tamil">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tamil-Brahmi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tamil-Brahmi (halaman belum tersedia)">Tamil-Brahmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Telugu" title="Aksara Telugu">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tulu (halaman belum tersedia)">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Vatteluttu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Vatteluttu (halaman belum tersedia)">Vatteluttu</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolezhuthu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolezhuthu (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolezhuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayanma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malayanma (halaman belum tersedia)">Malayanma</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Kawi" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kawi" title="Aksara Kawi">Kawi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bali" title="Aksara Bali">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Batak" title="Surat Batak">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" class="mw-redirect" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Buhid" title="Aksara Buhid">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Hanun%C3%B3%27o" title="Aksara Hanunó'o">Hanunó'o</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kapampangan" title="Aksara Kapampangan">Kapampangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tagbanwa" title="Aksara Tagbanwa">Tagbanwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Buda" title="Aksara Buda">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Jawa" title="Aksara Jawa">Jawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lontara" title="Aksara Lontara">Lontara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_Bilang-bilang" title="Lontara Bilang-bilang">Bilang-bilang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Makassar" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Makassar">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sunda_Kuno" title="Aksara Sunda Kuno">Sunda Kuno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sunda" title="Aksara Sunda">Sunda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Ulu" title="Surat Ulu">Surat Ulu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Incung" title="Aksara Incung">Incung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Lampung" title="Surat Lampung">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Rejang" title="Aksara Rejang">Rejang</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Aborigin_Kanada" title="Aksara Aborigin Kanada">Aborigin Kanada</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Siksik%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Siksiká (halaman belum tersedia)">Siksiká</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silabis_D%C3%A9n%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silabis Déné (halaman belum tersedia)">Silabis Déné</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buri_Wolio" title="Buri Wolio">Buri Wolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Fox#Aksara" title="Bahasa Fox">Fox I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Ge%CA%BDez" title="Aksara Geʽez">Geʽez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Gunjala_Gondi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Gunjala Gondi (halaman belum tersedia)">Gunjala Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Jenticha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Jenticha (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mandombe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mandombe (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandombe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Masaram_Gondi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Masaram Gondi (halaman belum tersedia)">Masaram Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Meroi" title="Aksara Meroi">Meroi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Miao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Miao (halaman belum tersedia)">Miao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mwangwego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mwangwego (halaman belum tersedia)">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahawh_Hmong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahawh Hmong (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Boyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Boyd (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Thomas (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaana" title="Thaana">Thaana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Alfabet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">Alfabet</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-Chik_Tok%27birim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-Chik Tok'birim (halaman belum tersedia)">A-Chik Tok'birim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Abkhaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Abkhaz (halaman belum tersedia)">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Adlam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Adlam (halaman belum tersedia)">Adlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Albania_Kaukasus" title="Alfabet Albania Kaukasus">Albania Kaukasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Armenia" title="Alfabet Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Avesta" title="Alfabet Avesta">Avesta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avoiuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avoiuli (halaman belum tersedia)">Avoiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Bassa_Vah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Bassa Vah (halaman belum tersedia)">Bassa Vah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Borama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Borama (halaman belum tersedia)">Borama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Buryat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Buryat (halaman belum tersedia)">Buryat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Caria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Caria (halaman belum tersedia)">Caria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coelbren_y_Beirdd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coelbren y Beirdd (halaman belum tersedia)">Coelbren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Coorgi%E2%80%93Cox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Coorgi–Cox (halaman belum tersedia)">Coorgi–Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Deseret" title="Alfabet Deseret">Deseret</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Elbasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Elbasan (halaman belum tersedia)">Elbasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Etruria" title="Alfabet Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Evenki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Evenki (halaman belum tersedia)">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Fox#Aksara" title="Bahasa Fox">Fox II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Georgia" title="Alfabet Georgia">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asomtavruli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asomtavruli (halaman belum tersedia)">Asomtavruli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkhedruli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkhedruli (halaman belum tersedia)">Mkhedruli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuskhuri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuskhuri (halaman belum tersedia)">Nuskhuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Glagol" title="Alfabet Glagol">Glagol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Gotik" title="Alfabet Gotik">Gotik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Greko-Iberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Greko-Iberia (halaman belum tersedia)">Greko-Iberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangeul" title="Hangeul">Hangeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Hungaria_Kuno" title="Alfabet Hungaria Kuno">Hungaria Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">IPA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Italik Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Jenticha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Jenticha (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Kaddare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Kaddare (halaman belum tersedia)">Kaddare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Kayah_Li&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Kayah Li (halaman belum tersedia)">Kayah Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Kiril" title="Alfabet Kiril">Kiril</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Kiril_Awal" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Kiril Awal">Kiril Awal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Klingon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Klingon (halaman belum tersedia)">Klingon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Komi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Komi (halaman belum tersedia)">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Koptik" title="Alfabet Koptik">Koptik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Latin" title="Alfabet Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lisu_Tua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lisu Tua (halaman belum tersedia)">Lisu Tua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Luo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Luo (halaman belum tersedia)">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lyd (halaman belum tersedia)">Lyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lyk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lyk (halaman belum tersedia)">Lyk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Manchu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Manchu (halaman belum tersedia)">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Manda" title="Alfabet Manda">Manda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medefaidrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medefaidrin (halaman belum tersedia)">Medefaidrin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Mongolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mru#Aksara" title="Bahasa Mru">Mru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Tifinagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Tifinagh (halaman belum tersedia)">Neo-Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_N%27Ko" title="Aksara N'Ko">N'Ko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Ogham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Ogham (halaman belum tersedia)">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Ol_Chiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Ol Chiki (halaman belum tersedia)">Ol Chiki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Osage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Osage (halaman belum tersedia)">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Osmanya" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Osmanya">Osmanya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Pau_Cin_Hau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Pau Cin Hau (halaman belum tersedia)">Pau Cin Hau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Perm_Kuno" title="Alfabet Perm Kuno">Perm Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Rohingya_Hanif" title="Aksara Rohingya Hanif">Rohingya Hanif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Rune" title="Alfabet Rune">Rune</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Side&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Side (halaman belum tersedia)">Side</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Somalia (halaman belum tersedia)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sorang_Sompeng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sorang Sompeng (halaman belum tersedia)">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Cross (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Duploy%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Duployé (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Duployé</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Gabelsberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Gabelsberger (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Gabelsberger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Gregg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Gregg (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Syaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Syaw (halaman belum tersedia)">Syaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Todo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Todo (halaman belum tersedia)">Todo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Tolong_Siki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Tolong Siki (halaman belum tersedia)">Tolong Siki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Turki_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Turki Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Orkhon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Uighur_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Uighur Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Uighur Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visible_Speech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visible Speech (halaman belum tersedia)">Visible Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Vithkuqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Vithkuqi (halaman belum tersedia)">Vithkuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Wancho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Wancho (halaman belum tersedia)">Wancho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warang_Citi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warang Citi (halaman belum tersedia)">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani" title="Alfabet Yunani">Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Zaghawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Zaghawa (halaman belum tersedia)">Zaghawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Non-linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Moon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Moon (halaman belum tersedia)">Alfabet Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendera_sinyal_maritim_international" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendera sinyal maritim international">Bendera maritim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kode_telegraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kode telegraf (halaman belum tersedia)">Kode telegraf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (halaman belum tersedia)">New York Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semafor_bendera" title="Semafor bendera">Semafor bendera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ideogram_dan_piktogram" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ideogram" title="Ideogram">Ideogram</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Piktogram" title="Piktogram">piktogram</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Adinkra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Adinkra (halaman belum tersedia)">Adinkra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulisan_Aztek" title="Tulisan Aztek">Aztek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Bliss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Bliss (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Dongba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Dongba (halaman belum tersedia)">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Ersu_Shaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Ersu Shaba (halaman belum tersedia)">Ersu Shaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IConji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IConji (halaman belum tersedia)">IConji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotype_(piktogram)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotype (piktogram) (halaman belum tersedia)">Isotype</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kaid%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kaidā (halaman belum tersedia)">Kaidā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mi%27kmaq" title="Hieroglif Mi'kmaq">Míkmaq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mixtec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mixtec (halaman belum tersedia)">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nsibidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nsibidi (halaman belum tersedia)">Nsibidi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hieroglif_Ojibwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hieroglif Ojibwe (halaman belum tersedia)">Hieroglif Ojibwe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siglas_poveiras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siglas poveiras (halaman belum tersedia)">Siglas poveiras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Testerian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Testerian (halaman belum tersedia)">Testerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerkish" title="Yerkish">Yerkish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Zapotec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Zapotec (halaman belum tersedia)">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Logogram" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logogram</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_aksara_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun aksara Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Tionghoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han" title="Aksara Han">Aksara Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han_sederhana" title="Aksara Han sederhana">Sederhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han_tradisional" title="Aksara Han tradisional">Rumit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_tulang_ramalan" title="Aksara tulang ramalan">Tulang Ramalan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Perunggu_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Perunggu Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Perunggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_segel" title="Aksara segel">Segel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Idu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Idu (halaman belum tersedia)">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="Chữ Nôm">Chữ Nôm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sawndip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sawndip (halaman belum tersedia)">Zhuang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Dipengaruhi Tionghoa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Jurchen" title="Aksara Jurchen">Jurchen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_besar_Khitan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara besar Khitan (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara besar Khitan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sui (halaman belum tersedia)">Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tangut" title="Aksara Tangut">Tangut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logosilabis lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Anatolia" title="Hieroglif Anatolia">Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bagam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bagam (halaman belum tersedia)">Bagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Kreta" title="Hieroglif Kreta">Kreta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Epi-Olmek" title="Aksara Epi-Olmek">Epi-Olmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Maya" title="Aksara Maya">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Proto-Elam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Proto-Elam (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Elam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Yi#Abjad_Yi_Kuno" title="Aksara Yi">Yi (Kuno)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logokonsonan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Demotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Demotik">Demotik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Hieratik" title="Aksara Hieratik">Hieratik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Sistem bilangan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_bilangan_Hindu-Arab" title="Sistem bilangan Hindu-Arab">Hindu-Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Arab" title="Angka Arab">Arab Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Arab_timur" title="Angka Arab timur">Arab Timur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Hindu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Hindu (halaman belum tersedia)">Angka Hindu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_bilangan_abjad" title="Sistem bilangan abjad">Abjad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Loteng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Loteng (halaman belum tersedia)">Loteng (Yunani)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Muiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Muiska (halaman belum tersedia)">Muiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Romawi" title="Angka Romawi">Romawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Semisilabis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_semisilabis" title="Aksara semisilabis">Semisilabis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Penuh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Keltiberia" title="Aksara Keltiberia">Keltiberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Iberia_Timur_Laut" title="Aksara Iberia Timur Laut">Iberia Timur Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Iberia_Tenggara" title="Aksara Iberia Tenggara">Iberia Tenggara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khom (halaman belum tersedia)">Khom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Pengulangan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Espanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Espanca (halaman belum tersedia)">Espanca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahawh_Hmong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahawh Hmong (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_kecil_Khitan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara kecil Khitan (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara kecil Khitan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Hispania_Kuno_Barat_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Hispania Kuno Barat Daya (halaman belum tersedia)">Hispania Kuno Barat Daya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Zhuyin fuhao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Isyarat" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_isyarat" title="Bahasa isyarat">Isyarat</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASLwrite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASLwrite (halaman belum tersedia)">ASLwrite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SignWriting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SignWriting (halaman belum tersedia)">SignWriting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Si5s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Si5s (halaman belum tersedia)">si5s</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Notasi_Stokoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notasi Stokoe (halaman belum tersedia)">Notasi Stokoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Silabis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_silabis" title="Aksara silabis">Silabis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Afaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Afaka (halaman belum tersedia)">Afaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bamum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bamum (halaman belum tersedia)">Bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_B%C3%A9t%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bété (halaman belum tersedia)">Bété</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Byblos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Byblos (halaman belum tersedia)">Byblos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Aborigin_Kanada" title="Aksara Aborigin Kanada">Aborigin Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Cherokee" title="Aksara Cherokee">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Siprus" title="Aksara Siprus">Siprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sipro-Minoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sipro-Minoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Sipro-Minoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditema_tsa_Dinoko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditema tsa Dinoko (halaman belum tersedia)">Ditema tsa Dinoko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Eskayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Eskayan (halaman belum tersedia)">Eskayan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Geba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Geba (halaman belum tersedia)">Geba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Danau_Algonquin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Danau Algonquin (halaman belum tersedia)">Danau Algonquin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Iban&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Iban (halaman belum tersedia)">Iban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Idu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Idu (halaman belum tersedia)">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kana">Jepang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sogana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sogana (halaman belum tersedia)">Sogana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jindai_moji" title="Jindai moji">Jindai moji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mende&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mende (halaman belum tersedia)">Kikakui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kpelle" title="Aksara Kpelle">Kpelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linear_Elamite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linear Elamite (halaman belum tersedia)">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Lisu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Lisu (halaman belum tersedia)">Lisu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Loma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Loma (halaman belum tersedia)">Loma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_N%C3%BCshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nüshu (halaman belum tersedia)">Nüshu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nwagu_Aneke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nwagu Aneke (halaman belum tersedia)">Nwagu Aneke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_paku_Persia_Kuno" title="Aksara paku Persia Kuno">Persia Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_paku" title="Aksara paku">Sumeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Vai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Vai (halaman belum tersedia)">Vai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Woleai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Woleai (halaman belum tersedia)">Woleai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Yi#Abjad_Yi_Baku" title="Aksara Yi">Yi (Baku)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Yugtun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Yugtun (halaman belum tersedia)">Yugtun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Braille" title="Templat:Braille"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Braille (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Braille&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Braille_⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a><span style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </span>⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille cell</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1829_braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1829 braille (halaman belum tersedia)">1829 braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_uniformity_of_braille_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International uniformity of braille alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">International uniformity</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_ASCII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille ASCII (halaman belum tersedia)">ASCII braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Patterns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Patterns (halaman belum tersedia)">Unicode braille patterns</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:French-ordered_braille_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:French-ordered braille alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">French-ordered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Afrika_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Afrika Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Afrika Selatan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Albania (halaman belum tersedia)">Albania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Azeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Azeri (halaman belum tersedia)">Azerbaijan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Belanda" title="Braille bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ceska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ceska (halaman belum tersedia)">Ceska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Esperanto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Esperanto (halaman belum tersedia)">Esperanto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ghana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ghana (halaman belum tersedia)">Ghana</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Guarani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Guarani (halaman belum tersedia)">Guarani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Filipino" title="Braille bahasa Filipino">Filipino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Hawaii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Hawaii (halaman belum tersedia)">Hawaii</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Hungaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Hungaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Hungaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Inggris" title="Braille bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Inggris_Tunggal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Inggris Tunggal (halaman belum tersedia)">Inggris Tunggal</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_I%C3%B1upiaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Iñupiaq (halaman belum tersedia)">Iñupiaq</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_IPA" title="Braille IPA">IPA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Irlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Irlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Irlandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Italia" title="Braille bahasa Italia">Italia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Jerman" title="Braille bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kanton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kanton (halaman belum tersedia)">Kanton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Katalan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Katalan (halaman belum tersedia)">Katalan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Latvia (halaman belum tersedia)">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Lituania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Lituania (halaman belum tersedia)">Lituania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Luksemburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Luksemburg (halaman belum tersedia)">Luksemburg</a> (diperluas menjadi 8 dot)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Malta (halaman belum tersedia)">Malta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_M%C4%81ori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Māori (halaman belum tersedia)">Māori</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Navajo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Navajo (halaman belum tersedia)">Navajo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Nigeria_braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Nigeria braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Nigeria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Polandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Polandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Polandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Portugis" title="Braille bahasa Portugis">Portugis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Prancis" title="Braille bahasa Prancis">Prancis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Romania (halaman belum tersedia)">Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Samoa" title="Braille bahasa Samoa">Samoa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Slowakia" title="Braille bahasa Slowakia">Slowakia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Spanyol" title="Braille bahasa Spanyol">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Taiwan (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandarin Taiwan</a> (sebagian besar disusun ulang)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Tionghoa_daratan" title="Braille bahasa Tionghoa daratan">Tiongoha daratan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Turki" title="Braille bahasa Turki">Turki</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Vietnam (halaman belum tersedia)">Vietnam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Wales (halaman belum tersedia)">Wales</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Yugoslavia (halaman belum tersedia)">Yugoslavia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Zambia (halaman belum tersedia)">Zambia</a></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keluarga Nordik</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Estonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Estonia (halaman belum tersedia)">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Faroe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Faroe (halaman belum tersedia)">Faroe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Islandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Islandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Islandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Sami_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Sami Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Sami Utara</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Skandinavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Skandinavia (halaman belum tersedia)">Skandinavia</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Denmark</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Finlandia</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greenland</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Norwegia</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Swedia</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrillic_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrillic alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">Cyrillic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Belarusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Belarusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Belarusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Bulgaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Bulgaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kazakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kazakh (halaman belum tersedia)">Kazakh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kyrgyz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kyrgyz (halaman belum tersedia)">Kyrgyz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Mongolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Mongolia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Rusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Rusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Rusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tatar (halaman belum tersedia)">Tatar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ukraina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ukraina (halaman belum tersedia)">Ukraina</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egyptian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic script (halaman belum tersedia)">Arabic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Arab" title="Braille bahasa Arab">Arab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Persia" title="Braille bahasa Persia">Persia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Urdu" title="Braille bahasa Urdu">Urdu</a> (Pakistan)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bharati Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Bharati Braille</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Devanagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Devanagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Bengali" title="Braille bahasa Bengali">Bengali (Bangla / Assam)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Gujarat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Gujarat (halaman belum tersedia)">Gujarat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kannada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kannada (halaman belum tersedia)">Kannada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Malayalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Malayalam (halaman belum tersedia)">Malayalam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Odia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Odia (halaman belum tersedia)">Odia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Punjab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Punjab (halaman belum tersedia)">Punjab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Sinhala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Sinhala (halaman belum tersedia)">Sinhala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tamil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tamil (halaman belum tersedia)">Tamil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Telugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Telugu (halaman belum tersedia)">Telugu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Urdu" title="Braille bahasa Urdu">Urdu</a> (India)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge%27ez_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge'ez Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Amharic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Armenia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Burma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Burma (halaman belum tersedia)">Burma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kamboja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kamboja (halaman belum tersedia)">Kamboja</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Dzongkha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Dzongkha (halaman belum tersedia)">Dzongkha</a> (bahasa Bhutan)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Georgia (halaman belum tersedia)">Georgia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Yunani (halaman belum tersedia)">Yunani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Ibrani" title="Braille bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Inuktitut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Inuktitut (halaman belum tersedia)">Inuktitut</a> (reassigned vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Thai_dan_Lao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Thai dan Lao (halaman belum tersedia)">Thai dan Lao</a> (Japanese vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tibet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tibet (halaman belum tersedia)">Tibet</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reordered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Algeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Algeria (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Algeria</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frequency-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Amerika (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Amerika</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Chinese semi-syllabaries</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kanton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kanton (halaman belum tersedia)">Kanton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Tionghoa_daratan" title="Braille bahasa Tionghoa daratan">Mandarin Tionghoa daratan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Taiwan (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandarin Taiwan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two-cell_Chinese_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two-cell Chinese Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Korea" title="Braille bahasa Korea">Korea</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight-dot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Luksemburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Luksemburg (halaman belum tersedia)">Luksemburg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_kanji" title="Braille kanji">Kanji</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes (halaman belum tersedia)">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (GS8)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols in braille</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille music (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille music</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadian_currency_tactile_feature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canadian currency tactile feature (halaman belum tersedia)">Canadian currency marks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_Braille_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Computer Braille Code (halaman belum tersedia)">Computer Braille Code</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes (halaman belum tersedia)">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (science; GS8/GS6)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IPA_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPA Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nemeth_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemeth Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Nemeth braille code</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille technology (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_e-book&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille e-book (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille e-book</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_embosser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille embosser (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille embosser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_translator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille translator (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille translator</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_watch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille watch (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille watch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mountbatten_Brailler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mountbatten Brailler (halaman belum tersedia)">Mountbatten Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_braille_recognition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optical braille recognition (halaman belum tersedia)">Optical braille recognition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perforation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perforation (halaman belum tersedia)">Perforation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perkins_Brailler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perkins Brailler (halaman belum tersedia)">Perkins Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Refreshable_braille_display&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Refreshable braille display (halaman belum tersedia)">Refreshable braille display</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slate_and_stylus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slate and stylus (halaman belum tersedia)">Slate and stylus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braigo (halaman belum tersedia)">Braigo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Braille" title="Louis Braille">Louis Braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Barbier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Barbier (halaman belum tersedia)">Charles Barbier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_Ha%C3%BCy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentin Haüy (halaman belum tersedia)">Valentin Haüy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thakur_Vishva_Narain_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thakur Vishva Narain Singh (halaman belum tersedia)">Thakur Vishva Narain Singh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabriye_Tenberken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabriye Tenberken (halaman belum tersedia)">Sabriye Tenberken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Bell_Wait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Bell Wait (halaman belum tersedia)">William Bell Wait</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Institute_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Institute of America (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille Institute of America</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Without Borders (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille Without Borders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Braille_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Braille Library (halaman belum tersedia)">Japan Braille Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Braille_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Braille Association (halaman belum tersedia)">National Braille Association</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Blindness_organizations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Blindness organizations (halaman belum tersedia)">Blindness organizations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Schools_for_the_blind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Schools for the blind (halaman belum tersedia)">Schools for the blind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Printing_House_for_the_Blind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Printing House for the Blind (halaman belum tersedia)">American Printing House for the Blind</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactile_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactile alphabet (halaman belum tersedia)">tactile alphabets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decapoint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decapoint (halaman belum tersedia)">Decapoint</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moon_type&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moon type (halaman belum tersedia)">Moon type</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (halaman belum tersedia)">New York Point</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Night writing (halaman belum tersedia)">Night writing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vibratese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vibratese (halaman belum tersedia)">Vibratese</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accessible_publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accessible publishing (halaman belum tersedia)">Accessible publishing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_literacy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille literacy (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille literacy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=RoboBraille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RoboBraille (halaman belum tersedia)">RoboBraille</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Electronic_writing" title="Templat:Electronic writing"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Electronic_writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" 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