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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Settling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Settling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sedimentation_equilibrium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sedimentation_equilibrium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Sedimentation equilibrium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sedimentation_equilibrium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>In geology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_geology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In geology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Siltation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siltation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Siltation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siltation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human-enhanced_sedimentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human-enhanced_sedimentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Human-enhanced sedimentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human-enhanced_sedimentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>In chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_water_treatment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_water_treatment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In water treatment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_water_treatment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sedimentation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment%C3%AAre_proses" title="Sedimentêre proses – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sedimentêre proses" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8" title="अवसादन – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अवसादन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A8_(%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="ترسيب (جيولوجيا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترسيب (جيولوجيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A3_(%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC)" title="অবক্ষেপণ (ভূতত্ত্ব) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অবক্ষেপণ (ভূতত্ত্ব)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Седыментацыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Седыментацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сэдымэнтацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сэдымэнтацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentacija" title="Sedimentacija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sedimentacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentaci%C3%B3" title="Sedimentació – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sedimentació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentace_(geologie)" title="Sedimentace (geologie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sedimentace (geologie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentering" title="Sedimentering – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sedimentering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentation" title="Sedimentation – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sedimentation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentaci%C3%B3n" title="Sedimentación – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sedimentación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentado" title="Sedimentado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sedimentado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentazio" title="Sedimentazio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sedimentazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="رسوب‌گذاری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رسوب‌گذاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9dimentation" title="Sédimentation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sédimentation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimintaasje" title="Sedimintaasje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sedimintaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moirti%C3%BA" title="Moirtiú – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Moirtiú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentaci%C3%B3n" title="Sedimentación – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sedimentación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%87%B4%EC%A0%81" title="퇴적 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="퇴적" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8" title="अवसादन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अवसादन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentasi" title="Sedimentasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sedimentasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="סדימנטציה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סדימנטציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentasi" title="Sedimentasi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sedimentasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სედიმენტაცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სედიმენტაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Тұнбалану – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұнбалану" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Седиментация – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Седиментация" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment%C4%81cija" title="Sedimentācija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sedimentācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemendapan" title="Pemendapan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemendapan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentatie" title="Sedimentatie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sedimentatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%86%E7%A9%8D" title="堆積 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="堆積" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentasjon" title="Sedimentasjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sedimentasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentatsiya" title="Sedimentatsiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sedimentatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedymentacja" title="Sedymentacja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sedymentacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Sedimentação – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sedimentação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentare" title="Sedimentare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sedimentare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Седиментация – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Седиментация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentation" title="Sedimentation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sedimentation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment%C3%A1cia_(geol%C3%B3gia)" title="Sedimentácia (geológia) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sedimentácia (geológia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usedanje" title="Usedanje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Usedanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentacija" title="Sedimentacija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sedimentacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentaatio" title="Sedimentaatio – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sedimentaatio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentation" title="Sedimentation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sedimentation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Седиментація – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Седиментація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E9%99%8D" title="沉降 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="沉降" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penenegan" title="Penenegan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Penenegan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#82C3D8; padding:0.2em; font-size:160%; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">Sediments</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG/190px-Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG" decoding="async" width="190" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG/285px-Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG/380px-Channel-StellartonFm-CoalburnPit.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1809" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">By origin</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrigenous_sediment" title="Terrigenous sediment">Terrigenous (lithogenous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogenous_sediment" class="mw-redirect" title="Biogenous sediment">Biogenous</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Cosmogenous</li> <li>Hydrogenous</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">By texture</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roundness_(geology)" title="Roundness (geology)">Roundness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorting_(sediment)" title="Sorting (sediment)">Sorting</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grain_size" title="Grain size">Grain size</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulder" title="Boulder">boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobble_(geology)" title="Cobble (geology)">cobble</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravel" title="Gravel">gravel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pebble" title="Pebble">pebble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granule_(geology)" title="Granule (geology)">granule</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sand" title="Sand">sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silt" title="Silt">silt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colloid" title="Colloid">colloid</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oolite" title="Oolite">oolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scree" title="Scree">scree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Till" title="Till">till</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">By composition</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manganese_nodules" class="mw-redirect" title="Manganese nodules">Manganese nodules</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oolitic_aragonite_sand" title="Oolitic aragonite sand">Oolitic aragonite sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tektites" class="mw-redirect" title="Tektites">Tektites</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">By process</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sedimentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_budget" title="Sedimentary budget">Sedimentary budget</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sediment_transport" title="Sediment transport">Sediment transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_sediment_transport" title="Coastal sediment transport">coastal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weathering" title="Weathering">Weathering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">Erosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeolian transport">Aeolian (windborne) transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomineralization" title="Biomineralization">Biomineralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioturbation" title="Bioturbation">Bioturbation</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compaction_(geology)" title="Compaction (geology)">Compaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concretion" title="Concretion">Concretion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exner_equation" title="Exner equation">Exner equation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluvial_processes" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluvial processes">Fluvial processes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacier_flow" class="mw-redirect" title="Glacier flow">Glacier flow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ice-sheet_dynamics" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice-sheet dynamics">ice-sheet dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_rafting" title="Ice rafting">ice rafting</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lithification" title="Lithification">Lithification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siltation" title="Siltation">Siltation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbidity_currents" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbidity currents">Turbidity currents</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_structures" title="Sedimentary structures">By structure</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_structures" title="Sedimentary structures">Sedimentary structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedforms">Bedforms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-bedding" title="Cross-bedding">cross-bedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunes">duness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graded_bedding" title="Graded bedding">graded bedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripple_marks" title="Ripple marks">ripple marks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluvial_fan" title="Alluvial fan">Alluvial fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluvial_river" title="Alluvial river">Alluvial river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)" title="Fault (geology)">Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fold_(geology)" title="Fold (geology)">Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleocurrent" title="Paleocurrent">Paleocurrent indicators</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sole_markings" title="Sole markings">sole markings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbrication_(sedimentology)" title="Imbrication (sedimentology)">imbrication</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">River delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sediment%E2%80%93water_interface" title="Sediment–water interface">Sediment–water interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_basin" title="Sedimentary basin">Sedimentary basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft-sediment_deformation_structures" title="Soft-sediment deformation structures">Soft-sediment deformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconformity" title="Unconformity">Unconformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetation-induced_sedimentary_structures" title="Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures">Vegetation-induced</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">Soil sediment</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">Soil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil_matrix" title="Soil matrix">matrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pore_space_in_soil" title="Pore space in soil">pore space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permeability_of_soils" title="Permeability of soils">permeability</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_morphology" title="Soil morphology">morphology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil_texture" title="Soil texture">texture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_value" title="Soil value">value</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_color" title="Soil color">color</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catena_(soil)" title="Catena (soil)">Catena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_horizon" title="Soil horizon">Soil horizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humus" title="Humus">Humus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humin" title="Humin">Humin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_salinity" title="Soil salinity">Soil salinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydropedology" title="Hydropedology">Hydropedology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineralization_(soil_science)" title="Mineralization (soil science)">Mineralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microbiologically_induced_calcite_precipitation" title="Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation">Microbial calcite precipitation</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marine_sediment" title="Marine sediment">Marine sediment</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssal_fan" title="Abyssal fan">Abyssal fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aragonite" title="Aragonite">Aragonite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aragonite_sea" title="Aragonite sea">aragonite sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oolitic_aragonite_sand" title="Oolitic aragonite sand">oolitic aragonite sand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">Calcite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcite_sea" title="Calcite sea">calcite sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amorphous_calcium_carbonate" title="Amorphous calcium carbonate">Amorphous calcium carbonate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcification" title="Calcification">Calcification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_rise" title="Continental rise">Continental rise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_mud" title="Bay mud">Bay mud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioirrigation" title="Bioirrigation">Bioirrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_sediment_transport" title="Coastal sediment transport">Coastal sediment transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_sediment_supply" title="Coastal sediment supply">Coastal sediment supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evaporite" title="Evaporite">Evaporites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_clay" title="Marine clay">Marine clay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pelagic_red_clay" title="Pelagic red clay">pelagic red clay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_regression" title="Marine regression">Marine regression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_transgression" title="Marine transgression">transgression</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pelagic_sediment" title="Pelagic sediment">Pelagic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turbidite" title="Turbidite">turbidite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contourite" title="Contourite">contourite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemipelagic_sediment" title="Hemipelagic sediment">hemipelagite</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salt_tectonics" title="Salt tectonics">Salt tectonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_basin" title="Sedimentary basin">Sedimentary basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_bundle" title="Tidal bundle">Tidal bundle</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Biogenous_sediment" class="mw-redirect" title="Biogenous sediment">Biogenous sediments</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcareous_ooze" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcareous ooze">Calcareous ooze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_biogenic_calcification" title="Marine biogenic calcification">biogenic calcification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcareous_nannoplankton" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcareous nannoplankton">calcareous nannoplankton</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siliceous_ooze" title="Siliceous ooze">Siliceous ooze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biogenic_silica" title="Biogenic silica">biogenic silica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicification" title="Silicification">silicification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatomaceous_earth" title="Diatomaceous earth">diatomaceous earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiolarite" title="Radiolarite">radiolarite</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microfossil" title="Microfossil">Microfossil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_weathering" title="Reverse weathering">Reverse weathering</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">Sedimentary ecology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soil_biomantle" title="Soil biomantle">Soil biomantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_zoology" title="Soil zoology">Soil zoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_borne_pathogen" title="Soil borne pathogen">soil pathogens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedodiversity" title="Pedodiversity">Pedodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_biodiversity" title="Soil biodiversity">Soil biodiversity</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhizosphere" title="Rhizosphere">Rhizosphere</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Root_microbiome" title="Root microbiome">root microbiome</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Soil_carbon" title="Soil carbon">Sedimentary carbon</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mycorrhizal_fungi_and_soil_carbon_storage" title="Mycorrhizal fungi and soil carbon storage">Soil carbon storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_carbon" title="Soil carbon">Soil carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">Peat</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">Sedimentary rock</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badlands" title="Badlands">Badlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonate_rock" title="Carbonate rock">Carbonates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clastic_rock" title="Clastic rock">Clastic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(geology)" title="Conglomerate (geology)">conglomerate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">breccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudrock" title="Mudrock">mudrock</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evaporite" title="Evaporite">Evaporite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk" title="Chalk">Chalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">Chert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greywacke" title="Greywacke">Greywacke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron-rich_sedimentary_rocks" title="Iron-rich sedimentary rocks">Iron-rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic-rich_sedimentary_rocks" title="Organic-rich sedimentary rocks">Organic-rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorite" title="Phosphorite">Phosphorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siliceous_rock" title="Siliceous rock">Siliceous</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>History <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_geology" title="History of geology">geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Geological history of Earth">geological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_paleontology" title="History of paleontology">paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_soil_science" title="History of soil science">soil science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_sediment" title="Legacy sediment">Legacy sediment</a></li> <li>Principles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-cutting_relationships" title="Cross-cutting relationships">cross-cutting relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_lateral_continuity" title="Principle of lateral continuity">lateral continuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_original_horizontality" title="Principle of original horizontality">original horizontality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provenance_(geology)" title="Provenance (geology)">Provenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geologic_record" title="Geologic record">Sedimentary record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedimentology" title="Sedimentology">Sedimentology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratigraphy" title="Stratigraphy">Stratigraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cycle" title="Rock cycle">Rock cycle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_cycle" title="Calcium cycle">calcium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silica_cycle" title="Silica cycle">silica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonate-silicate_cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonate-silicate cycle">carbonate-silicate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolimnology" title="Paleolimnology">Paleolimnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosignature" title="Biosignature">Biosignature</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="background-color: #82C3D8; border-color: #A2B8BF"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sediments" title="Category:Sediments">Category</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sediment_sidebar" title="Template:Sediment sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Sediment_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Sediment sidebar (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sediment_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sediment sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sedimentation</b> is the deposition of <a href="/wiki/Sediments" class="mw-redirect" title="Sediments">sediments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It takes place when <a href="/wiki/Particle_(ecology)" title="Particle (ecology)">particles</a> in <a href="/wiki/Suspension_(chemistry)" title="Suspension (chemistry)">suspension</a> settle out of the <a href="/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid">fluid</a> in which they are <a href="/wiki/Entrainment_(engineering)" title="Entrainment (engineering)">entrained</a> and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">forces</a> acting on them: these forces can be due to <a href="/wiki/Gravitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitation">gravity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_acceleration" class="mw-redirect" title="Centrifugal acceleration">centrifugal acceleration</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetism" title="Electromagnetism">electromagnetism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Settling" title="Settling">Settling</a> is the falling of suspended particles through the liquid, whereas sedimentation is the final result of the settling process. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geology</a>, sedimentation is the <a href="/wiki/Deposition_(geology)" title="Deposition (geology)">deposition</a> of sediments which results in the formation of <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rock</a>. The term is broadly applied to the entire range of processes that result in the formation of sedimentary rock, from initial <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a> through <a href="/wiki/Sediment_transport" title="Sediment transport">sediment transport</a> and settling to the <a href="/wiki/Lithification" title="Lithification">lithification</a> of the sediments. However, the strict geological definition of sedimentation is the mechanical deposition of sediment particles from an initial suspension in air or water. </p><p>Sedimentation may pertain to objects of various sizes, ranging from large rocks in flowing water, to suspensions of dust and pollen particles, to <a href="/wiki/Cell_(biology)" title="Cell (biology)">cellular</a> suspensions, to <a href="/wiki/Solution_(chemistry)" title="Solution (chemistry)">solutions</a> of single <a href="/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule">molecules</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptides</a>. Even small molecules supply a sufficiently strong force to produce significant sedimentation. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principles">Principles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Principles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settling">Settling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Settling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Settling" title="Settling">Settling</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Settling&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg/220px-Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg/330px-Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg/440px-Kalov%C3%A1_laguna_Sojovice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Settling pond for iron particles at water works</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Settling" title="Settling">Settling</a> is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediment</a>. Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to <a href="/wiki/Centrifuge" title="Centrifuge">centrifugal motion</a> will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force. For gravity settling, this means that the particles will tend to fall to the bottom of the vessel, forming <a href="/wiki/Sludge" title="Sludge">sludge</a> or <a href="/wiki/Slurry" title="Slurry">slurry</a> at the vessel base. Settling is an important operation in many applications, such as <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wastewater" title="Wastewater">wastewater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">drinking water</a> treatment, biological science, <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">space</a> <a href="/wiki/Rocket_propellant" title="Rocket propellant">propellant</a> reignition,<sup id="cite_ref-Settling_aiaa20100902_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Settling_aiaa20100902-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> and scooping.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classification">Classification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Classification of sedimentation:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Type 1 sedimentation is characterized by particles that settle discretely at a constant settling velocity, or by the deposition of Iron-Rich minerals to streamlines down to the point source. They settle as individual particles and do not <a href="/wiki/Flocculation" title="Flocculation">flocculate</a> (stick to each other) during settling. Example: sand and grit material</li> <li>Type 2 sedimentation is characterized by particles that flocculate during sedimentation and because of this their size is constantly changing and therefore their settling velocity is changing. Example: alum or iron coagulation</li> <li>Type 3 sedimentation is also known as zone sedimentation. In this process the particles are at a high concentration (greater than 1000 mg/L) such that the particles tend to settle as a mass and a distinct clear zone and sludge zone are present. Zone settling occurs in lime-softening, sedimentation, active sludge sedimentation and sludge thickeners.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sedimentation_equilibrium">Sedimentation equilibrium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sedimentation equilibrium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation_equilibrium" title="Sedimentation equilibrium">Sedimentation equilibrium</a></div> <p>When particles settling from a suspension reach a hard boundary, the concentration of particles at the boundary is opposed by the <a href="/wiki/Diffusion" title="Diffusion">diffusion</a> of the particles. The distribution of sediment near the boundary comes into <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation_equilibrium" title="Sedimentation equilibrium">sedimentation equilibrium</a>. Measurements of the distribution yields information on the nature of the particles.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_geology">In geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Deposition_(geology)" title="Deposition (geology)">Deposition (geology)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg/220px-Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg/330px-Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg/440px-Siltation_or_Sedimentation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="332" /></a><figcaption>Siltation</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geology</a>, the term <i>sedimentation</i> is broadly applied to the entire range of processes that result in the formation of sedimentary rock, from initial formation of sediments by <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a> of particles from rock outcrops, through <a href="/wiki/Sediment_transport" title="Sediment transport">sediment transport</a> and settling, to the <a href="/wiki/Lithification" title="Lithification">lithification</a> of the sediments. However, the term is more particularly applied to the deposition of sediments, and in the strictest sense, it applies only to the mechanical deposition of sediment particles from an initial suspension in air or water. Sedimentation results in the formation of depositional <a href="/wiki/Landform" title="Landform">landforms</a> and the rocks that constitute the <a href="/wiki/Depositional_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Depositional record">sedimentary record</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building up of land surfaces by sedimentation, particularly in river valleys, is called <i><a href="/wiki/Aggradation" title="Aggradation">aggradation</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"aggradation"_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"aggradation"-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Rate_of_sedimentation"></span> <span class="anchor" id="Depositional_episode"></span> The <b>rate of sedimentation</b> is the thickness of sediment accumulated per unit time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"rate_of_sedimentation"_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"rate_of_sedimentation"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/Suspension_(chemistry)" title="Suspension (chemistry)">suspended</a> load, this can be expressed mathematically by the <a href="/wiki/Exner_equation" title="Exner equation">Exner equation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rates of sedimentation vary from less than 3 millimeters (0.12 in) per thousand years for <a href="/wiki/Pelagic_sediment" title="Pelagic sediment">pelagic sediment</a> to several meters per thousand years in portions of major <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">river deltas</a>. However, long-term accumulation of sediments is determined less by rate of sedimentation than by rate of subsidence, which creates <a href="/wiki/Accommodation_(geology)" title="Accommodation (geology)">accommodation space</a> for sediments to accumulate over geological time scales. Most sedimentation in the <a href="/wiki/Geologic_record" title="Geologic record">geologic record</a> occurred in relative brief <b>depositional episodes</b> separated by long intervals of nondeposition or even erosion.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuarine</a> environments, settling can be influenced by the presence or absence of vegetation. Trees such as mangroves are crucial to the <a href="/wiki/Attenuation" title="Attenuation">attenuation</a> of waves or currents, promoting the settlement of suspended particles.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Siltation">Siltation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Siltation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Siltation" title="Siltation">Siltation</a></div> <p>An undesired increased transport and sedimentation of suspended material is called <a href="/wiki/Siltation" title="Siltation">siltation</a>, and it is a major source of pollution in waterways in some parts of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> High sedimentation rates can be a result of poor land management and a high frequency of flooding events. If not managed properly, it can be detrimental to fragile ecosystems on the receiving end, such as coral reefs.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_(general_concept)" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate change (general concept)">Climate change</a> also affects siltation rates.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human-enhanced_sedimentation">Human-enhanced sedimentation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Human-enhanced sedimentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy" title="Sedimentation enhancing strategy">Sedimentation enhancing strategy</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photograph of a flat landscape with low vegetation and ponds. There is a flock of water birds and hills in the background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg/220px-Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg/330px-Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg/440px-Bright_Afternoon_at_Gediz_Delta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1818" data-file-height="1228" /></a><figcaption>Gediz delta, showing a typical natural delta landscape</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy" title="Sedimentation enhancing strategy">Sedimentation enhancing strategies</a> are <a href="/wiki/Environmental_resource_management" title="Environmental resource management">environmental management</a> projects aiming to restore and facilitate land-building processes in <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">deltas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">Sediment</a> availability and deposition are important because deltas naturally <a href="/wiki/Subsidence" title="Subsidence">subside</a> and therefore need sediment accumulation to maintain their elevation, particularly considering increasing rates of <a href="/wiki/Sea-level_rise" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea-level rise">sea-level rise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:14_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:14-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sedimentation enhancing strategies aim to increase sedimentation on the delta plain primarily by restoring the exchange of water and sediments between <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a> and low-lying delta plains. Sedimentation enhancing strategies can be applied to encourage <a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">land elevation</a> gain to offset sea-level rise.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interest in sedimentation enhancing strategies has recently increased due to their ability to raise land elevation, which is important for the long-term <a href="/wiki/Sustainability" title="Sustainability">sustainability</a> of deltas.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:0_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_enhancing_strategy_:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_chemistry">In chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In chemistry, sedimentation has been used to measure the size of large molecules (<a href="/wiki/Macromolecule" title="Macromolecule">macromolecule</a>), where the force of gravity is augmented with <a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_force" title="Centrifugal force">centrifugal force</a> in an <a href="/wiki/Ultracentrifuge" title="Ultracentrifuge">ultracentrifuge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_water_treatment">In water treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In water treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Sedimentation_(water_treatment)" title="Sedimentation (water treatment)">Sedimentation (water treatment)</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation_(water_treatment)&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> The physical process of <i>sedimentation</i> (the act of depositing <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediment</a>) has applications in <a href="/wiki/Water_treatment" title="Water treatment">water treatment</a>, whereby <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a> acts to remove <a href="/wiki/Suspended_solids" title="Suspended solids">suspended solids</a> from water.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_j1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_j1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Solid particles entrained by the <a href="/wiki/Turbulence" title="Turbulence">turbulence</a> of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans. <a href="/wiki/Settling_basin" title="Settling basin">Settling basins</a> are ponds constructed for the purpose of removing entrained solids by sedimentation.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Clarifier" title="Clarifier">Clarifiers</a> are tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal of solids being deposited by sedimentation;<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, clarification does not remove <a href="/wiki/Dissolved_solids" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolved solids">dissolved solids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b3_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedimentation_(water_treatment)_b3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coagulation_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Coagulation (disambiguation)">Coagulation (disambiguation)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedimentation&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-sedimentation" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=sedimentation">"sedimentation"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=sedimentation&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dsedimentation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASedimentation" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li 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