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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coppia_ferrarese" title="Coppia ferrarese – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coppia ferrarese" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%ED%94%BC%EC%95%84_%ED%8E%98%EB%9D%BC%EB%A0%88%EC%84%B8" title="코피아 페라레세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코피아 페라레세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coppia_ferrarese" title="Coppia ferrarese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Coppia ferrarese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coppia_ferrarese" title="Coppia ferrarese – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Coppia ferrarese" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Копија фераресе – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Копија фераресе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2996854#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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Ferrarese</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Italian sourdough bread that is formed in a twisted shape</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span><i>Coppia ferrarese</i></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Coppia-ferrarese.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coppia-ferrarese.jpg/220px-Coppia-ferrarese.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coppia-ferrarese.jpg/330px-Coppia-ferrarese.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coppia-ferrarese.jpg/440px-Coppia-ferrarese.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">Bread</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Region or state</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Ferrara" title="Ferrara">Ferrara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Ferrara" title="Province of Ferrara">province of Ferrara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">Flour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lard" title="Lard">lard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malt" title="Malt">malt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coppia_ferrarese" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coppia ferrarese">Media: <i>Coppia ferrarese</i></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Coppia ferrarese</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈkɔppja<span class="wrap"> </span>ferraˈreːze]</a></span>), also known as <i><b>ciopa</b></i>, <i><b>ciupeta</b></i> and <i><b>pane ferrarese</b></i>, is a type of <a href="/wiki/Sourdough" title="Sourdough">sourdough</a> <a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">bread</a> made with <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lard" title="Lard">lard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malt" title="Malt">malt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>, and has a twisted shape. It was first made around the thirteenth century in the Italian <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Ferrara" title="Province of Ferrara">province of Ferrara</a>. It has <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indications_and_traditional_specialities_in_the_European_Union#Protected_geographical_indication_(PGI)" title="Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union">protected geographical indication</a> (PGI) in the European Union status under <a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">European Union law</a>, which was obtained in 2001. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coppia_ferrarese&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first record of special regulations regarding bread making in Ferrara date from a statute in 1287.<sup id="cite_ref-pf_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pf-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first mention of a bread similar to current <i>coppia ferrarese</i> dates from 1536 when, according to Cristoforo da Messisbugo, the Duke of Este was offered a <i>pane ritorto</i> ("woven bread") during the Carnival.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tradition of cooking this sort of bread remained throughout history until the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">unification of Italy</a>. In 2001, the recipe gained <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indications_and_traditional_specialities_in_the_European_Union" title="Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union">PGI</a> status under <a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">European Union law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-zhou_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zhou-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regulations require certain conditions, such as a maximum humidity of between 12 and 15% and that it be sold within twenty four hours.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_impact">Cultural impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coppia_ferrarese&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cultural impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Coppia ferrarese</i> is a staple of the culture of the city of Ferrara, and has been named as one of the two most critical part of the cuisine (alongside a specialist salami).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Folco_Quilici" title="Folco Quilici">Folco Quilici</a> recounts how his family would quickly bring any conversation with strangers around to the bread.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is named the best bread in the world by <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Bacchelli" title="Riccardo Bacchelli">Riccardo Bacchelli</a> in <i>Il mulino del Po</i> while <a href="/wiki/Corrado_Govoni" title="Corrado Govoni">Corrado Govoni</a> talks of <i>Il nostro Pane: orgoglio di noi ferraresi. Dono dell'aria, dell'acqua, dell'uomo. Offerta generosa di Ferrara al mondo</i> ("Our Bread: pride of us from Ferrara. Gift of air, water, of man. Generous gift of Ferrara to the world").<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coppia_ferrarese&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coppia_ferrarese" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coppia ferrarese">Coppia ferrarese</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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id="cite_note-pf-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pf_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050225024213/http://www.panificiofabbri.com/coppia%20storia.html">"La coppia ferrarese - storia"</a>. <i>Panificio Fabbri</i> (in Italian). 25 February 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panificiofabbri.com/coppia%20storia.html">the original</a> on 25 February 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Panificio+Fabbri&rft.atitle=La+coppia+ferrarese+-+storia&rft.date=2005-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panificiofabbri.com%2Fcoppia%2520storia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamisari2019" class="citation book cs1">Tamisari, Alfredo (26 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7SyKDwAAQBAJ"><i>La trama delle parole: abbecedario affettivo</i></a>. p. 225. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788831603478" title="Special:BookSources/9788831603478"><bdi>9788831603478</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+trama+delle+parole%3A+abbecedario+affettivo&rft.pages=225&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.isbn=9788831603478&rft.aulast=Tamisari&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7SyKDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zhou-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zhou_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhouHui2014" class="citation book cs1">Zhou, Weibiao; Hui, Y. H. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bF7BAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA701"><i>Bakery Products Science and Technology</i></a>. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 701. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781118791936" title="Special:BookSources/9781118791936"><bdi>9781118791936</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bakery+Products+Science+and+Technology&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=701&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781118791936&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Weibiao&rft.au=Hui%2C+Y.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbF7BAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125752/http://www.coldiretti.it/aree/ambiente/mangiosano/Disciplinari%20IGP/Disciplinare%20Coppia%20ferrarese.htm">"Disciplinare di produzione della Indicazione Geografica Protetta "Coppia ferrarese"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>coldiretti.it</i> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coldiretti.it/aree/ambiente/mangiosano/Disciplinari%20IGP/Disciplinare%20Coppia%20ferrarese.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=coldiretti.it&rft.atitle=Disciplinare+di+produzione+della+Indicazione+Geografica+Protetta+%22Coppia+ferrarese%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coldiretti.it%2Faree%2Fambiente%2Fmangiosano%2FDisciplinari%2520IGP%2FDisciplinare%2520Coppia%2520ferrarese.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhettiPizziraniPoli2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ghetti, Luca; Pizzirani, Andrea; Poli, Andrea (2012). <i>La città del però. Vizi e virtù di Ferrara e dei ferraresi</i> (in Italian). Ferrara: Festina lente edizioni. p. 70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+citt%C3%A0+del+per%C3%B2.+Vizi+e+virt%C3%B9+di+Ferrara+e+dei+ferraresi&rft.place=Ferrara&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Festina+lente+edizioni&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Ghetti&rft.aufirst=Luca&rft.au=Pizzirani%2C+Andrea&rft.au=Poli%2C+Andrea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuilici2008" class="citation web cs1">Quilici, Folco (16 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/l-avventura-migliore-pane-ferrarese.html">"L'avventura migliore? Il pane ferrarese"</a>. <i>il Giornale</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=il+Giornale&rft.atitle=L%27avventura+migliore%3F+Il+pane+ferrarese&rft.date=2008-11-16&rft.aulast=Quilici&rft.aufirst=Folco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilgiornale.it%2Fnews%2Fl-avventura-migliore-pane-ferrarese.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoppia+ferrarese" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBacchelli2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bacchelli, Riccardo (2015). <i>Il mulino del Po</i> (in Italian). 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aria-labelledby="Italian_breads" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_bread" title="Template:Italian bread"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_bread" title="Template talk:Italian bread"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_bread" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian bread"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_breads" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Italian breads</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Loaves and buns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pane_di_Altamura" title="Pane di Altamura">Altamura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciabatta" title="Ciabatta">Ciabatta</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coppia ferrarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filone" title="Filone">Filone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michetta" title="Michetta">Michetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muffuletta" title="Muffuletta">Muffuletta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pane_sciocco" title="Pane sciocco">Pane sciocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastedda" title="Vastedda">Vastedda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flatbreads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leavened</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crescentina_modenese" title="Crescentina modenese">Crescentina modenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focaccia" title="Focaccia">Focaccia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unleavened</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crescia" title="Crescia">Crescia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuccalar" title="Cuccalar">Cuccalar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farinata" title="Farinata">Farinata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pane_carasau" title="Pane carasau">Pane carasau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piadina" class="mw-redirect" title="Piadina">Piadina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crackers and breadsticks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnocco_fritto" title="Gnocco fritto">Gnocco fritto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breadstick" title="Breadstick">Grissini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taralli" title="Taralli">Taralli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sweet breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pandoro" title="Pandoro">Pandoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panettone" title="Panettone">Panettone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penia_(bread)" title="Penia (bread)">Penia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biga_(bread_baking)" title="Biga (bread baking)">Biga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_breads" title="Category:Italian breads">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bread" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bread" title="Template:Bread"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bread" title="Template talk:Bread"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bread" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bread"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bread" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">Bread</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_breads" title="List of breads">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_bread" title="Brown bread">Brown bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bun" title="Bun">Bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatbread" title="Flatbread">Flatbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multigrain_bread" title="Multigrain bread">Multigrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_bread" title="Quick bread">Quick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rye_bread" title="Rye bread">Rye bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt-rising_bread" title="Salt-rising bread">Salt-rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich_bread" title="Sandwich bread">Sandwich bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_bread" title="Soda bread">Soda bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sourdough" title="Sourdough">Sourdough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprouted_bread" title="Sprouted bread">Sprouted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unleavened_bread" title="Unleavened bread">Unleavened</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_bread" title="White bread">White bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole_wheat_bread" title="Whole wheat bread">Whole wheat</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brown bread"><img alt="Brown bread" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg/146px-Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg/219px-Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg/292px-Fresh_made_bread_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2526" data-file-height="1684" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker%27s_yeast" title="Baker's yeast">Baker's yeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barm" title="Barm">Barm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_propanoate" title="Calcium propanoate">Calcium propanoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dough_conditioner" title="Dough conditioner">Dough conditioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggs_as_food" title="Eggs as food">Eggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">Flour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leavening_agent" title="Leavening agent">Leavening agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">Water</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oven" title="Oven">Oven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_machine" title="Bread machine">Bread machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_pan" title="Bread pan">Bread pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dough_scraper" class="mw-redirect" title="Dough scraper">Dough scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farinograph" title="Farinograph">Farinograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lame_(kitchen_tool)" title="Lame (kitchen tool)">Lame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_(tool)" title="Peel (tool)">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixer_(appliance)" title="Mixer (appliance)">Stand mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_warmer" title="Bread warmer">Warmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toaster" title="Toaster">Toaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weighing_scale" title="Weighing scale">Weighing scales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes and<br />techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autolysis_(biology)" title="Autolysis (biology)">Autolysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baking" title="Baking">Baking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biga_(bread_baking)" title="Biga (bread baking)">Biga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorleywood_bread_process" title="Chorleywood bread process">Chorleywood bread process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneading" title="Kneading">Kneading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leavening_agent" title="Leavening agent">Leavening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maillard_reaction" title="Maillard reaction">Maillard reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-knead_bread" title="No-knead bread">No-knead bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proofing_(baking_technique)" title="Proofing (baking technique)">Proofing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-ferment" title="Pre-ferment">Pre-ferment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliced_bread" title="Sliced bread">Pre-slicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponge_and_dough" title="Sponge and dough">Sponge and dough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">Steaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_dough" title="Straight dough">Straight dough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_bread" title="Vienna bread">Vienna process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breadcrumbs" title="Breadcrumbs">Breadcrumbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_bowl" title="Bread bowl">Bread bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_pakora" title="Bread pakora">Bread pakora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_pudding" title="Bread pudding">Bread pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crouton" title="Crouton">Croutons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_toast" title="French toast">French toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk" title="Rusk">Rusks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffing" title="Stuffing">Stuffing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich" title="Sandwich">Sandwiches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(food)" title="Toast (food)">Toast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakery" title="Bakery">Bakery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">Breadmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_percentage" title="Baker percentage">Baker percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_and_salt" title="Bread and salt">Bread and salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_in_Europe" title="Bread in Europe">Bread in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_clip" title="Bread clip">Bread clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bread" title="History of bread">History of bread</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_breads" title="List of American breads">American breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brand_name_breads" title="List of brand name breads">Brand name breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bread_dishes" title="List of bread dishes">Bread dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bread_rolls" title="List of bread rolls">Bread rolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_breads" title="List of British breads">British breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buns" class="mw-redirect" title="List of buns">Buns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_breads" title="List of French breads">French breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_bread" title="Indian bread">Indian breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_breads" title="List of Pakistani breads">Pakistani breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_quick_breads" title="List of quick breads">Quick breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sourdough_breads" title="List of sourdough breads">Sourdough breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sweet_breads" title="List of sweet breads">Sweet breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swiss_breads" title="List of Swiss breads">Swiss breads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_toast_dishes" title="List of toast dishes">Toast dishes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" 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