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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&params=51.4289_N_1.8591_W_type:landmark_region:GB"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°25′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°51′33″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.4289°N 1.8591°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.4289; -1.8591</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Avebury Manor">Avebury Manor</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Grade I listed manor house in England</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Avebury Manor & Garden</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg/250px-Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg/375px-Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg/500px-Avebury_Manor_view_from_south.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1077" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Avebury Manor from the south</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_e2f6a017d504a5edd386163b7b53c00e86098d95"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&revid=1214649901&groups=_e2f6a017d504a5edd386163b7b53c00e86098d95" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&revid=1214649901&groups=_e2f6a017d504a5edd386163b7b53c00e86098d95 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Manor house</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data category">Grade I</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label">Avebury</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&params=51.4289_N_1.8591_W_type:landmark_region:GB"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°25′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°51′33″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.4289°N 1.8591°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.4289; -1.8591</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">Early 16th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">National Trust</td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Avebury Manor & Garden</b> is a <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Places_of_Historic_Interest_or_Natural_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty">National Trust</a> property consisting of a Grade I listed early-16th-century <a href="/wiki/Manor_house" title="Manor house">manor house</a> and its surrounding garden. It is in <a href="/wiki/Avebury_(village)" title="Avebury (village)">Avebury</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Wiltshire" title="Marlborough, Wiltshire">Marlborough</a>, Wiltshire, England, in the centre of the village next to St James's Church and close to the <a href="/wiki/Avebury" title="Avebury">Avebury</a> neolithic henge monument. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The manor house was built on or near the site of <a href="/wiki/Avebury_Priory" title="Avebury Priory">Avebury Priory</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> cell or <a href="/wiki/Priory" title="Priory">priory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint-Georges,_Boscherville" title="Abbey of Saint-Georges, Boscherville">Abbey of Saint-Georges, Boscherville</a>, Normandy, founded in 1114.<sup id="cite_ref-wiltshc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiltshc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, the estate passed into the ownership of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Mary_and_All_Saints,_Fotheringhay" title="Church of St Mary and All Saints, Fotheringhay">Fotheringhay College</a>, Northamptonshire, in 1411.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fragments of the religious foundation were incorporated into the later house.<sup id="cite_ref-wiltshc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiltshc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/William_Sharington" title="William Sharington">William Sharington</a> bought and surveyed the manor in 1548, suggesting alterations to the existing building.<sup id="cite_ref-wiltshc_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiltshc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest parts of the present house were probably built after <a href="/wiki/William_Dunch_(1508%E2%80%931597)" title="William Dunch (1508–1597)">William Dunch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Little_Wittenham" title="Little Wittenham">Little Wittenham</a> in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire) purchased the estate in 1551.<sup id="cite_ref-vch_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was some distance from most of his lands which centred on Wittenham, but he appears to have purchased it because of an interest in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_monument" title="Ancient monument">ancient monuments</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Avebury" title="Avebury">Avebury stone circles</a>. Around that time, a stone <a href="/wiki/Dovecote" title="Dovecote">dovecote</a> was erected in the grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1580s, Dunch passed it on to his younger son, Walter, whose daughter, <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Moody" title="Deborah Moody">Deborah, Lady Moody</a>, grew up at the manor before emigrating to America and founding <a href="/wiki/Gravesend,_Brooklyn" title="Gravesend, Brooklyn">Gravesend</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> in 1645. </p><p>After Walter Dunch's death in 1594,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his widow, Deborah, married <a href="/wiki/James_Marvyn" title="James Marvyn">Sir James Mervyn or Marvyn</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (who served as <a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Wiltshire" title="High Sheriff of Wiltshire">High Sheriff of Wiltshire</a> in 1596), and the couple were responsible for a major extension or remodelling of the house around 1601, especially the south range.<sup id="cite_ref-listing_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1640 the Dunch family sold it to <a href="/wiki/John_Stawell" title="John Stawell">John Stawell</a>, and the estate was <a href="/wiki/Sequestration_(law)" title="Sequestration (law)">sequestered</a> when he was accused of treason in 1646. It was sold to George Long in 1652 but restored to Stawell in 1660 on his release from the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wills_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wills-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The house has had many extensions and changes over the centuries, including the addition of a <a href="/wiki/Rackets_(sport)" title="Rackets (sport)">racquets</a> court in the 18th century,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the final addition being the West Library which was added by the family of <a href="/wiki/Leopold_C._D._Jenner" title="Leopold C. D. Jenner">Leopold C. D. Jenner</a> who occupied the house in the early 20th century and completely redesigned the gardens.<sup id="cite_ref-listing_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-greatbritgardens_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatbritgardens-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The house was leased and restored by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Keiller_(archaeologist)" title="Alexander Keiller (archaeologist)">Alexander Keiller</a>, heir to the <a href="/wiki/Keiller%27s_marmalade" title="Keiller's marmalade">James Keiller & Son</a> <a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">marmalade</a> business, who took an intense interest in <a href="/wiki/Avebury" title="Avebury">Avebury henge</a> in the late 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1955 the rate of <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_country_houses_in_20th-century_Britain" title="Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain">destruction of country houses</a> had reached its peak, at one house every five days. The fate of Avebury Manor was in serious doubt when Keiller, whose excavations of the henge had been ended by the outbreak of war in 1939, put it up for sale. Few at the time were interested in the national heritage and the prospects for the manor were bleak. At this point <a href="/wiki/Francis_Gerald_William_Knowles" title="Francis Gerald William Knowles">Sir Francis Knowles</a> stepped in and purchased Avebury Manor from Keiller. The <i>Times</i> described Knowles as "a fundamental scientist of outstanding calibre".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He set about the restoration of the house which became an absorbing love as he learnt much about its construction, and claimed to have uncovered the signs of Gothic arches in the north east corner which had been filled in during Elizabethan times.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family lived partly in cottages on the estate and partly in the house over the following three years, as the works progressed with substantial financial help from the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Works_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Works (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Works</a>. </p><p>In May 1956, the house was amongst the first of the smaller houses to be opened to the public. In 1958 it was designated Grade I.<sup id="cite_ref-listing_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1948 Knowles had married Ruth Jessie Brooke-Smith, the daughter of the Rev Arthur Brooke-Smith. They brought up a large family at the manor: one son, Charles Francis (b. 1951) who later succeeded to the <a href="/wiki/Knowles_baronets" title="Knowles baronets">baronetcy</a>, and three daughters, as well as a stepdaughter born to Ruth and her first husband, Dickie Hulse, an RAF fighter pilot killed in action during the Second World War. </p><p>The Knowles children recall it as a magical place in which to grow up, with acres of space to roam. They helped in all aspects of the early years of rather amateurish historic house tourism: using a surplus Second World War field telephone between the tour guide (often an <i>au pair</i> with a vivid imagination) and the ticket office, serving teas, and helping themselves to coins from the wishing well to buy ice-creams from Sumbler's, the butchers just outside the gates. "Many would remember Francis as a most excellent host. Particularly memorable, however, was his hospitality at his beautiful Elizabethan house at Avebury, where he and his wife, Ruth, entertained so many people."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Set against this background, remote from academic biology, he appeared to one of his colleagues as 'a fascinating man who would really have been more at home in the eighteenth century'. To another he gave proof that 'one could be both a distinguished scholar and a warm, vibrant person'.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1974 the rate of destruction of the country house had come to a near standstill. This was due not just to stricter application of legislation, but also the high-profile <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Country_House_exhibition" title="Destruction of the Country House exhibition">Destruction of the Country House exhibition</a> held in 1974 by the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>. Having preserved the house for future generations, Knowles died suddenly on 13 July of that year in London, at the age of 59. He is buried in the churchyard of St James, Avebury, next to the house he had restored. </p><p>In 1976, Knowles' widow sold the house to <a href="/wiki/Michael_Brudenell-Bruce,_8th_Marquess_of_Ailesbury" title="Michael Brudenell-Bruce, 8th Marquess of Ailesbury">Michael Brudenell-Bruce, 8th Marquess of Ailesbury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vch_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Brudenell-Bruces left in 1981,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was bought in 1988 by property developer Ken King, who caused local controversy by making changes without planning permission and opening an "Elizabethan experience" visitor attraction which included a faux <a href="/wiki/Torture_chamber" title="Torture chamber">torture chamber</a> in an old storeroom.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After King's bankruptcy the house was bought in 1991 by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust" title="National Trust">National Trust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visitor_attraction">Visitor attraction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Visitor attraction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Trust keep the house open to the general public. The garden was completely redesigned in the early 20th century. The <a href="/wiki/Topiary" title="Topiary">topiary</a> and other formal gardens are contained within walls and clipped <a href="/wiki/Buxus" title="Buxus">box</a>, creating numerous "rooms".<sup id="cite_ref-greatbritgardens_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatbritgardens-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Avebury Manor was the subject of the <a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a> television series <i>The Manor Reborn</i>, in which the house was refurbished by a group of experts in collaboration with the National Trust.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The four-part series was presented by actress <a href="/wiki/Penelope_Keith" title="Penelope Keith">Penelope Keith</a> (the title of the series refers to her earlier television work, <i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Manor_Born" title="To the Manor Born">To the Manor Born</a></i>) and former antiques dealer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin_(TV_presenter)" title="Paul Martin (TV presenter)">Paul Martin</a>, with contributions from experts including <a href="/wiki/Dan_Cruickshank" title="Dan Cruickshank">Dan Cruickshank</a> (on architecture).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, visitors are encouraged to touch and experience the furnishings and objects in the rooms which now represent periods in the house from the 16th century to the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The house is reputedly haunted.<sup id="cite_ref-wills_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wills-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wiltshc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wiltshc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wiltshc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wiltshc_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wshc.org.uk/blog/item/avebury-manor-reborn.html">"Avebury Manor Reborn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire_%26_Swindon_History_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre">Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre</a>. 28 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Victoria County History of Northamptonshire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150502030844/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/northants/vol2/pp170-177">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Avebury+Manor+house+reopens+after+TV+makeover&rft.date=2011-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-wiltshire-15805399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAvebury+Manor+and+Garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-wiltshire-14430516">"Penelope Keith hosts To The Manor Reborn at Avebury"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Penelope+Keith+hosts+To+The+Manor+Reborn+at+Avebury&rft.date=2011-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-wiltshire-14430516&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAvebury+Manor+and+Garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/avebury/features/transforming-avebury-manor">"Avebury Manor and Garden"</a>. National Trust<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Avebury+Manor+and+Garden&rft.pub=National+Trust&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltrust.org.uk%2Favebury%2Ffeatures%2Ftransforming-avebury-manor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAvebury+Manor+and+Garden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avebury_Manor_and_Garden&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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