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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Call_for_the_views_of_the_solicitor_general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Call_for_the_views_of_the_solicitor_general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Call for the views of the solicitor general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Call_for_the_views_of_the_solicitor_general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_solicitors_general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_solicitors_general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of solicitors general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_solicitors_general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_notable_principal_deputy_solicitors_general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_notable_principal_deputy_solicitors_general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of notable principal deputy solicitors general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_notable_principal_deputy_solicitors_general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Solicitor General of the United States</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurador_general_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Procurador general de los Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Procurador general de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Prokuradore_Nagusia" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Prokuradore Nagusia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Prokuradore Nagusia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%84_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سلیسیتر کل ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلیسیتر کل ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solliciteur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Solliciteur général des États-Unis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Solliciteur général des États-Unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avvocato_generale_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%EA%9E%8CAmerica" title="Avvocato generale degli Stati Uniti dꞌAmerica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Avvocato generale degli Stati Uniti dꞌAmerica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פרקליט המדינה של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרקליט המדינה של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungtini%C5%B3_Valstij%C5%B3_generalinis_solisitorius" title="Jungtinių Valstijų generalinis solisitorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jungtinių Valstijų generalinis solisitorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E8%A8%9F%E5%8B%99%E9%95%B7%E5%AE%98" title="アメリカ合衆国訟務長官 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国訟務長官" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advogado-geral_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Advogado-geral dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Advogado-geral dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Генеральный солиситор США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Генеральный солиситор США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Solicitor General of the United States" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Генеральний соліситор США – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Генеральний соліситор США" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%A8%9F%E5%8B%99%E6%AC%A1%E9%95%B7" title="美國訟務次長 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美國訟務次長" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"USSG" redirects here. For the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, see <a href="/wiki/United_States_Federal_Sentencing_Guidelines" title="United States Federal Sentencing Guidelines">United States Federal Sentencing Guidelines</a>. For the U.S. surgeon general, see <a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States" title="Surgeon General of the United States">Surgeon General of the United States</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Solicitor General of the United States</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg/140px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg/210px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg/280px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Solicitor_General.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="675" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the United States solicitor general</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar,_Solicitor_General.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/220px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/330px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/440px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1875" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Elizabeth Prelogar</a><br /></div>since October 28, 2021</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mr. or Madam Solicitor General<br />General (in the Supreme Court)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seat_(legal_entity)" title="Seat (legal entity)">Seat</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court_Building" title="United States Supreme Court Building">Supreme Court Building</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Department_of_Justice_Building" title="Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building">Department of Justice Headquarters</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data">The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a><br />with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> <a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">advice and consent</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Title_28_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 28 of the United States Code">28 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/505">§ 505</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1870</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Benjamin Bristow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#List_of_notable_Principal_Deputy_Solicitors_General">Principal Deputy Solicitor General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justice.gov/osg">justice.gov/osg</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osg-org-chart.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Osg-org-chart.png/220px-Osg-org-chart.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Osg-org-chart.png/330px-Osg-org-chart.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Osg-org-chart.png/440px-Osg-org-chart.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>Organizational chart for the office of the Solicitor General</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>solicitor general of the United States</b> (<b>USSG</b> or <b>SG</b>), the fourth-highest-ranking official within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> (DOJ),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> represents the federal government in cases before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a>. The solicitor general is appointed by the president and reports directly to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_attorney_general" class="mw-redirect" title="United States attorney general">United States attorney general</a>. </p><p>The solicitor general's office argues on behalf of the federal government in almost every Supreme Court case in which the United States is a party and also represents in most cases in which the government has filed a brief as <i><a href="/wiki/Amicus_curiae" title="Amicus curiae">amicus curiae</a></i>. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">United States courts of appeals</a>, the solicitor general's office reviews cases decided against the United States and determines whether the government will seek review in the Supreme Court. The solicitor general's office also reviews cases decided against the United States in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">United States district courts</a> and decides whether the government will file an appeal. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Elizabeth Prelogar</a> has served as solicitor general since October 28, 2021. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition_of_the_Office_of_the_Solicitor_General">Composition of the Office of the Solicitor General</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Composition of the Office of the Solicitor General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The solicitor general is assisted by four deputy solicitors general and seventeen assistants to the solicitor general. Three of the deputies are career attorneys in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a>. The remaining deputy is known as the principal deputy, sometimes called the political deputy and, like the solicitor general, typically leaves at the end of an administration. </p><p>The solicitor general or one of the deputies typically presents the most important cases in the Supreme Court. Other cases may be argued by one of the assistants or another government attorney. The solicitor general tends to argue six to nine cases per Supreme Court term, while deputies argue four to five cases and assistants argue two to three cases each.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Significance">Significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The solicitor general, who has offices in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court_Building" title="United States Supreme Court Building">Supreme Court Building</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Department_of_Justice_Building" title="Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building">Department of Justice headquarters</a>, has been called the "tenth justice"<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a result of the close relationship between the justices and the solicitor general (and their respective staffs of clerks and deputies). As the most frequent advocate before the Court, the Office of the Solicitor General generally argues dozens of times each term. Furthermore, when the Office of the Solicitor General endorses a petition for <i><a href="/wiki/Certiorari" title="Certiorari">certiorari</a></i>, review is frequently granted, which is influential given that only 75 to 125 of the over 7,500 petitions submitted each term are granted review by the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The solicitor general is considered an influential and knowledgeable member of the legal community with regard to <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_litigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court litigation">Supreme Court litigation</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Six solicitors general have later served on the Supreme Court: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> (who served as the 27th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> before becoming <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">chief justice of the United States</a>), <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Forman_Reed" title="Stanley Forman Reed">Stanley Forman Reed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Robert H. Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>. Some who have had other positions in the Office of the Solicitor General have also later been appointed to the Supreme Court. For example, Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a> was the principal deputy solicitor general during the George H. W. Bush administration and Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> was an assistant to the solicitor general. The last former solicitor general to be successfully nominated to the court was Justice Elena Kagan.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only one former solicitor general has been nominated to the Supreme Court unsuccessfully, that being <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a>; however, no sitting solicitor general has ever been denied such an appointment. Eight other solicitors general have served on the United States Courts of Appeals.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Within the Justice Department, the solicitor general exerts significant influence on all appeals brought by the department. The solicitor general is the only U.S. officer who is statutorily required to be "learned in the law".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whenever the DOJ wins at the trial stage and the losing party appeals, the concerned division of the DOJ responds automatically and proceeds to defend the ruling in the appellate process. However, if the DOJ is the losing party at the trial stage, an appeal can only be brought with the permission of the solicitor general. For example, should the tort division lose a jury trial in federal district court, that ruling cannot be appealed by the Appellate Office without the approval of the solicitor general. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Call_for_the_views_of_the_solicitor_general"><span class="anchor" id="CVSG"></span>Call for the views of the solicitor general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Call for the views of the solicitor general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When determining whether to grant <i><a href="/wiki/Certiorari" title="Certiorari">certiorari</a></i> in a case where the federal government is not a party, the Court will sometimes request that the solicitor general weigh in, a procedure referred to as a "call for the views of the solicitor general" (CVSG).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to a CVSG, the solicitor general will file a brief opining on whether the petition should be granted and, usually, which party should prevail.<sup id="cite_ref-ScotusBlog_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ScotusBlog-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the CVSG is technically an invitation, the solicitor general's office treats it as tantamount to a command.<sup id="cite_ref-ScotusBlog_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ScotusBlog-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Elman" title="Philip Elman">Philip Elman</a>, who served as an attorney in the solicitor general's office and who was the primary author of the federal government's brief in <i><a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a></i>, wrote, "When the Supreme Court invites you, that's the equivalent of a royal command. An invitation from the Supreme Court just can't be rejected."<sup id="cite_ref-Lepore_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lepore-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Court typically issues a CVSG where the justices believe that the petition is important, and may be considering granting it, but would like a legal opinion before making that decision.<sup id="cite_ref-Lepore_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lepore-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include where there is a federal interest involved in the case; where there is a new issue for which there is no established precedent; or where an issue has evolved, perhaps becoming more complex or affecting other issues.<sup id="cite_ref-Lepore_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lepore-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although there is usually no deadline by which the solicitor general is required to respond to a CVSG, briefs in response to the CVSG are generally filed at three times of the year: late May, allowing the petition to be considered before the Court breaks for summer recess; August, allowing the petition to go on the "summer list", to be considered at the end of recess; and December, allowing the case to be argued in the remainder of the current Supreme Court term.<sup id="cite_ref-ScotusBlog_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ScotusBlog-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Supreme Court has also occasionally invited a state attorney general to express a view on a petition related to that state. In 2009, for the first time, the invitation was directed instead to a state solicitor general,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_C._Ho" title="James C. Ho">James Ho</a> of Texas, earning the request the nickname "CVSG-Texas."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditions">Traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several traditions have developed since the Office of Solicitor General was established in 1870. Most obviously to spectators at oral argument before the Court, the solicitor general and his or her deputies traditionally appear in formal <a href="/wiki/Morning_coat" class="mw-redirect" title="Morning coat">morning coats</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although Elena Kagan, the first woman to hold the office on other than an <a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a> basis, elected to forgo the practice.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During oral argument, the members of the Court often address the solicitor general as "General," Some legal commentators such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Herz_(jurist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Herz (jurist) (page does not exist)">Michael Herz</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timothy_Sandefur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timothy Sandefur (page does not exist)">Timothy Sandefur</a> have disagreed with this usage, saying that "general" is a <a href="/wiki/Postpositive_adjective" title="Postpositive adjective">postpositive adjective</a> (which modifies the noun "solicitor"), and is not a title itself.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another tradition is the practice of <a href="/wiki/Confession_of_error" title="Confession of error">confession of error</a>. If the government prevailed in the lower court but the solicitor general disagrees with the result, the solicitor general may confess error, after which the Supreme Court will vacate the lower court's ruling and send the case back for reconsideration.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_solicitors_general">List of solicitors general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of solicitors general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Image </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Start </th> <th>End </th> <th colspan="2">President </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Helm_Bristow,_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait,_ca_1870-1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg/75px-Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg/113px-Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg/150px-Benjamin_Helm_Bristow%2C_Brady-Handy_bw_photo_portrait%2C_ca_1870-1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3036" data-file-height="3904" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bristow, Benjamin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Benjamin Bristow</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001870-10-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 11, 1870</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001872-11-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 15, 1872</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Grant, Ulysses"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses Grant</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg/75px-Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg/113px-Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg/150px-Samuel_F._Phillips.jpg 2x" data-file-width="178" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Phillips, Samuel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_F._Phillips" title="Samuel F. Phillips">Samuel Phillips</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001872-12-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 11, 1872</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001885-05-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 1, 1885</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/75px-John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/113px-John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/150px-John_Goode_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2084" data-file-height="2365" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Goode, John"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Goode_(Virginia_politician)" title="John Goode (Virginia politician)">John Goode</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001885-05-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 1, 1885</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001886-08-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 5, 1886</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_A._Jenks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/George_A._Jenks.jpg/75px-George_A._Jenks.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/George_A._Jenks.jpg/113px-George_A._Jenks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/George_A._Jenks.jpg/150px-George_A._Jenks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="276" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Jenks, George"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_A._Jenks" title="George A. Jenks">George Jenks</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001886-07-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 30, 1886</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001889-05-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 29, 1889</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg/75px-Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg/113px-Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg/150px-Orlow_W._Chapman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Chapman, Orlow"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Orlow_W._Chapman" title="Orlow W. Chapman">Orlow Chapman</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001889-05-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 29, 1889</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001890-01-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 19, 1890</span> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="Harrison, Benjamin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Howard_Taft,_Bain_bw_photo_portrait,_1908.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/75px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/113px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/150px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3363" data-file-height="4756" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Taft, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Taft</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001890-02-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 4, 1890</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001892-03-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 20, 1892</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg/75px-Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg" decoding="async" width="75" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg/113px-Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg/150px-Charles_H._Aldrich.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Aldrich, Charles"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Aldrich" title="Charles H. Aldrich">Charles Aldrich</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001892-03-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 21, 1892</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001893-05-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 28, 1893</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg/75px-Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg/113px-Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg/150px-Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Maxwell, Lawrence"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr." title="Lawrence Maxwell Jr.">Lawrence Maxwell</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001893-04-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 6, 1893</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001895-01-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 30, 1895</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Cleveland, Grover"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holmes_Conrad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Holmes_Conrad.jpg/75px-Holmes_Conrad.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Holmes_Conrad.jpg/113px-Holmes_Conrad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Holmes_Conrad.jpg/150px-Holmes_Conrad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="178" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Conrad, Holmes"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Holmes_Conrad" title="Holmes Conrad">Holmes Conrad</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001895-02-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 6, 1895</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001897-07-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 1, 1897</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Richards-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Richards-large.jpg/75px-Richards-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Richards-large.jpg/113px-Richards-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Richards-large.jpg/150px-Richards-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="347" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Richards, John"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_K._Richards" title="John K. Richards">John Richards</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001897-07-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 6, 1897</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001903-03-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 16, 1903</span> </td> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="McKinley, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hoyt-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Hoyt-large.jpg/75px-Hoyt-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Hoyt-large.jpg/113px-Hoyt-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Hoyt-large.jpg/150px-Hoyt-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="352" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hoyt, Henry"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Hoyt_(Solicitor_General)" title="Henry M. Hoyt (Solicitor General)">Henry Hoyt</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001903-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 25, 1903</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001909-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 31, 1909</span> </td> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Theodore"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bowers-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bowers-large.jpg/75px-Bowers-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bowers-large.jpg/113px-Bowers-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bowers-large.jpg/150px-Bowers-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="352" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bowers, Lloyd"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Wheaton_Bowers" title="Lloyd Wheaton Bowers">Lloyd Bowers</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001909-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 1, 1909</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001910-09-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 9, 1910</span> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="Taft, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Taft</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FWLehman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FWLehman.jpg/75px-FWLehman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FWLehman.jpg/113px-FWLehman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FWLehman.jpg/150px-FWLehman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lehmann, Frederick"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Lehmann" title="Frederick William Lehmann">Frederick Lehmann</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001910-12-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 12, 1910</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001912-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 15, 1912</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullitt-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Bullitt-large.jpg/75px-Bullitt-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Bullitt-large.jpg/113px-Bullitt-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Bullitt-large.jpg/150px-Bullitt-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="352" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bullitt, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Marshall_Bullitt" title="William Marshall Bullitt">William Bullitt</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001912-07-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 16, 1912</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001913-03-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 11, 1913</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_William_Davis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_William_Davis.jpg/75px-John_William_Davis.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_William_Davis.jpg/113px-John_William_Davis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_William_Davis.jpg/150px-John_William_Davis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="3145" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Davis, John"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis" title="John W. Davis">John Davis</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001913-08-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 30, 1913</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001918-11-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 26, 1918</span> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="Wilson, Woodrow"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_(1922).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg/75px-Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg/113px-Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg/150px-Alexander_Campbell_King_by_Gari_Milchers_%281922%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="King, Alexander"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_King" title="Alexander Campbell King">Alexander King</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001918-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 27, 1918</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001920-05-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 23, 1920</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg/75px-William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg/113px-William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg/150px-William_L._Frierson_DOJ_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Frierson, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Frierson" title="William L. Frierson">William Frierson</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001920-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 1, 1920</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001921-06-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 30, 1921</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_M_Beck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/James_M_Beck.jpg/75px-James_M_Beck.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/James_M_Beck.jpg/113px-James_M_Beck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/James_M_Beck.jpg/150px-James_M_Beck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="754" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Beck, James"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_M._Beck" title="James M. Beck">James Beck</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001921-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 1, 1921</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001925-05-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 11, 1925</span> </td> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Harding, Warren"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren Harding</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg/75px-William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg/113px-William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg/150px-William_D._Mitchell_cph.3b30394.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Mitchell, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_D._Mitchell" title="William D. Mitchell">William Mitchell</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001925-06-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 4, 1925</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001929-03-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 5, 1929</span> </td> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Coolidge, Calvin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg/75px-Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg/113px-Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg/150px-Charles_Evans_Hughes_jr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="255" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Hughes, Charles"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes_Jr." title="Charles Evans Hughes Jr.">Charles Hughes</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001929-05-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 27, 1929</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001930-04-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 16, 1930</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Hoover, Herbert"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg/75px-Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg/113px-Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg/150px-Thomas_D_Thatcher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="247" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Thacher, Thomas"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Thacher" title="Thomas D. Thacher">Thomas Thacher</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001930-03-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 22, 1930</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001933-05-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 4, 1933</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_crawford_biggs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/James_crawford_biggs.jpg/75px-James_crawford_biggs.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/James_crawford_biggs.jpg/113px-James_crawford_biggs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/James_crawford_biggs.jpg/150px-James_crawford_biggs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Biggs, James"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/James_Crawford_Biggs" title="James Crawford Biggs">James Biggs</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001933-05-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 5, 1933</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001935-03-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 24, 1935</span> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="5"><span data-sort-value="Roosevelt, Franklin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg/75px-Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg/113px-Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg/150px-Stanley_Forman_Reed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Reed, Stanley"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Forman_Reed" title="Stanley Forman Reed">Stanley Reed</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001935-03-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 25, 1935</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001938-01-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 30, 1938</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roberthjackson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Roberthjackson.jpg/75px-Roberthjackson.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Roberthjackson.jpg/113px-Roberthjackson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Roberthjackson.jpg/150px-Roberthjackson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1095" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Jackson, Robert"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Robert Jackson</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001938-03-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 5, 1938</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-01-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 17, 1940</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg/75px-Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg/113px-Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg/150px-Francis_Biddle_cph.3b27524.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1041" data-file-height="1481" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Biddle, Francis"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Biddle" title="Francis Biddle">Francis Biddle</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-01-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 22, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-09-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 4, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg/75px-Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg/113px-Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg/150px-Charles_Fahy_-_Project_Gutenberg_etext_20587.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="318" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fahy, Charles"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fahy" title="Charles Fahy">Charles Fahy</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-11-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 15, 1941</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-09-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 27, 1945</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:J._Howard_McGrath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/J._Howard_McGrath.jpg/74px-J._Howard_McGrath.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/J._Howard_McGrath.jpg/111px-J._Howard_McGrath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/J._Howard_McGrath.jpg/148px-J._Howard_McGrath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="173" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="McGrath, Howard"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">Howard McGrath</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 4, 1945</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-10-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 7, 1946</span> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="Truman, Harry"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry Truman</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_B._Perlman_(2005).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg/75px-Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg/113px-Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg/150px-Philip_B._Perlman_%282005%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="212" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Perlman, Philip"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Perlman" title="Philip Perlman">Philip Perlman</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-07-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 30, 1947</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001952-08-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 15, 1952</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cummings-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Cummings-large.jpg/75px-Cummings-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Cummings-large.jpg/113px-Cummings-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Cummings-large.jpg/150px-Cummings-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="349" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cummings, Walter"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Walter_J._Cummings_Jr." title="Walter J. Cummings Jr.">Walter Cummings</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001952-12-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 2, 1952</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001953-03-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 1, 1953</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sobeloff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Sobeloff.jpg/75px-Sobeloff.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Sobeloff.jpg/113px-Sobeloff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Sobeloff.jpg/150px-Sobeloff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="218" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Sobeloff, Simon"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Sobeloff" title="Simon Sobeloff">Simon Sobeloff</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001954-02-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 10, 1954</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001956-07-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 19, 1956</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Eisenhower, Dwight"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:J._Lee_Rankin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/J._Lee_Rankin.jpg/75px-J._Lee_Rankin.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/J._Lee_Rankin.jpg/113px-J._Lee_Rankin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/J._Lee_Rankin.jpg/150px-J._Lee_Rankin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="451" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Rankin, Lee"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/J._Lee_Rankin" title="J. Lee Rankin">Lee Rankin</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001956-08-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 4, 1956</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001961-01-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 23, 1961</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ArchibaldCox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/ArchibaldCox.jpg/75px-ArchibaldCox.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/ArchibaldCox.jpg/113px-ArchibaldCox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/ArchibaldCox.jpg/150px-ArchibaldCox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="246" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cox, Archibald"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Cox" title="Archibald Cox">Archibald Cox</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001961-01-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 24, 1961</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001965-07-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 31, 1965</span> </td> <td style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Kennedy, John F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg/75px-Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg/113px-Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg/150px-Thurgoodmarshall1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3665" data-file-height="5435" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Marshall, Thurgood"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001965-08-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 11, 1965</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001967-08-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 30, 1967</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Johnson, Lyndon"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Griswolderwin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Griswolderwin.jpg/75px-Griswolderwin.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Griswolderwin.jpg/113px-Griswolderwin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Griswolderwin.jpg/150px-Griswolderwin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="236" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Griswold, Erwin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Griswold" title="Erwin Griswold">Erwin Griswold</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001967-10-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 12, 1967</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001973-06-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 25, 1973</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Bork.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Robert_Bork.jpg/75px-Robert_Bork.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Robert_Bork.jpg/113px-Robert_Bork.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Robert_Bork.jpg/150px-Robert_Bork.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Bork, Robert"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a></span></span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001973-06-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 27, 1973</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1977</span> </td> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Nixon, Richard"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Ford, Gerald"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg/75px-Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg/113px-Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg/150px-Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman_CAFC_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="338" data-file-height="432" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Friedman, Daniel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Mortimer_Friedman" title="Daniel Mortimer Friedman">Daniel Friedman</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1977</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-03-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 4, 1977</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Carter, Jimmy"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wademccree.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wademccree.jpg/75px-Wademccree.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wademccree.jpg/113px-Wademccree.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wademccree.jpg/150px-Wademccree.jpg 2x" data-file-width="163" data-file-height="230" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="McCree, Wade"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Wade_H._McCree" title="Wade H. McCree">Wade McCree</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-03-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 4, 1977</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001981-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1981</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rex_Lee-large.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Rex_Lee-large.jpg/75px-Rex_Lee-large.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Rex_Lee-large.jpg/113px-Rex_Lee-large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Rex_Lee-large.jpg/150px-Rex_Lee-large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="282" data-file-height="348" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Lee, Rex"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Rex_E._Lee" title="Rex E. Lee">Rex Lee</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001981-08-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 6, 1981</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001985-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 1, 1985</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Reagan, Ronald"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Fried.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Charles_Fried.jpg/75px-Charles_Fried.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Charles_Fried.jpg/113px-Charles_Fried.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Charles_Fried.jpg 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="199" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fried, Charles"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fried" title="Charles Fried">Charles Fried</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001985-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 1, 1985</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting: June 1, 1985 – October 23, 1985</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001989-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1989</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Curtis_Bryson_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="121" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bryson, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Curtis_Bryson" title="William Curtis Bryson">William Bryson</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001989-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1989</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001989-05-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 27, 1989</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="Bush, George H. W."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg/75px-Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg/113px-Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg/150px-Kenneth_W._Starr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Starr, Ken"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001989-05-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 27, 1989</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1993</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Curtis_Bryson_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/William_Curtis_Bryson_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="121" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bryson, William"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/William_Curtis_Bryson" title="William Curtis Bryson">William Bryson</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1993</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-06-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 7, 1993</span> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="4"><span data-sort-value="Clinton, Bill"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Drew_S._Days,_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg/75px-Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg/113px-Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg/150px-Drew_S._Days%2C_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1001" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Days, Drew"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Drew_S._Days_III" title="Drew S. Days III">Drew Days</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-06-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 7, 1993</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-06-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 28, 1996</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg/75px-Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg/113px-Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Walter_E._Dellinger_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="145" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Dellinger, Walter"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Dellinger" title="Walter Dellinger">Walter Dellinger</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-06-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 28, 1996</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-11-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 7, 1997</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waxman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Waxman.jpg/75px-Waxman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Waxman.jpg/113px-Waxman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Waxman.jpg/150px-Waxman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="249" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Waxman, Seth"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Seth_P._Waxman" title="Seth P. Waxman">Seth Waxman</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-11-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 7, 1997</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2001</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/75px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/113px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/150px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Underwood, Barbara"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Underwood" title="Barbara Underwood">Barbara Underwood</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2001</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-06-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 13, 2001</span> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="4"><span data-sort-value="Bush, George W."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodore_Olson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Theodore_Olson.jpg/75px-Theodore_Olson.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Theodore_Olson.jpg/113px-Theodore_Olson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Theodore_Olson.jpg/150px-Theodore_Olson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="375" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Olson, Ted"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Olson" title="Theodore Olson">Ted Olson</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-06-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 13, 2001</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002004-07-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 13, 2004</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_D._Clement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paul_D._Clement.jpg/75px-Paul_D._Clement.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paul_D._Clement.jpg/113px-Paul_D._Clement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Paul_D._Clement.jpg/150px-Paul_D._Clement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Clement, Paul"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Clement" title="Paul Clement">Paul Clement</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002004-07-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 13, 2004</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting: July 13, 2004 – June 13, 2005</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-06-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 2, 2008</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gregory_G._Garre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gregory_G._Garre.jpg/75px-Gregory_G._Garre.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gregory_G._Garre.jpg/113px-Gregory_G._Garre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Gregory_G._Garre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="172" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Garre, Gregory"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Garre" title="Gregory G. Garre">Gregory Garre</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-06-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 2, 2008</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting: June 2, 2008 – October 2, 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2009</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edwin_Kneedler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Edwin_Kneedler.jpg/75px-Edwin_Kneedler.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Edwin_Kneedler.jpg/113px-Edwin_Kneedler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Edwin_Kneedler.jpg/150px-Edwin_Kneedler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Kneedler, Edwin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Kneedler" title="Edwin Kneedler">Edwin Kneedler</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2009</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-03-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 20, 2009</span> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="5"><span data-sort-value="Obama, Barack"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/75px-Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/113px-Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg/150px-Elena_Kagan_SCOTUS_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Kagan, Elena"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-03-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 20, 2009</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-05-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 17, 2010</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg/75px-Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg/113px-Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg/150px-Neal_Katyal_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Katyal, Neal"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Neal_Katyal" title="Neal Katyal">Neal Katyal</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-05-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 17, 2010</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002011-06-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 9, 2011</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg/75px-Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg/113px-Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg/150px-Donald_Verrilli_-DOJ_Portrait-.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Verrilli, Don"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Verrilli_Jr." title="Donald B. Verrilli Jr.">Don Verrilli</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002011-06-09-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 9, 2011</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002016-06-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 25, 2016</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official-gershengorn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Official-gershengorn.jpg/75px-Official-gershengorn.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Official-gershengorn.jpg/113px-Official-gershengorn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Official-gershengorn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="163" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Gershengorn, Ian"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Heath_Gershengorn" title="Ian Heath Gershengorn">Ian Gershengorn</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002016-06-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 25, 2016</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2017</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noel_Francisco_official_photo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="980" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Francisco, Noel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Noel_Francisco" title="Noel Francisco">Noel Francisco</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2017</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-03-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 10, 2017</span> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background: #E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="4"><span data-sort-value="Trump, Donald"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/75px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/113px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/150px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Wall, Jeff"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall_(lawyer)" title="Jeff Wall (lawyer)">Jeff Wall</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-03-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 10, 2017</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-09-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 19, 2017</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noel_Francisco_official_photo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Noel_Francisco_official_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="980" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Francisco, Noel"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Noel_Francisco" title="Noel Francisco">Noel Francisco</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-09-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 19, 2017</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002020-07-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 3, 2020</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/75px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/113px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/150px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Wall, Jeff"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall_(lawyer)" title="Jeff Wall (lawyer)">Jeff Wall</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002020-07-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 3, 2020</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2021</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar,_Solicitor_General.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/75px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/113px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/150px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1875" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Prelogar, Elizabeth"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Elizabeth Prelogar</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 2021</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-08-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 11, 2021</span> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #3333FF;"> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="Biden, Joe"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/75px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/113px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/150px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Fletcher, Brian"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fletcher_(attorney)" title="Brian Fletcher (attorney)">Brian Fletcher</a></span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-08-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 11, 2021</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-10-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 28, 2021</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar,_Solicitor_General.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/75px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/113px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png/150px-Elizabeth_Barchas_Prelogar%2C_Solicitor_General.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1875" /></a></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Prelogar, Elizabeth"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Elizabeth Prelogar</a></span></span></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-10-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 28, 2021</span> </td> <td>present </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><b>Note</b>: Some terms overlap because the incumbent remained in office after a successor was named. The office has been vacant at times while awaiting the nomination or confirmation of a successor.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_notable_principal_deputy_solicitors_general">List of notable principal deputy solicitors general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of notable principal deputy solicitors general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_M._Bator" title="Paul M. Bator">Paul M. Bator</a> – October 1982 to December 1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Ayer" title="Donald B. Ayer">Donald B. Ayer</a> – June 1986 to December 1988</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a> – October 1989 to January 1993<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (became Chief Justice)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bender_(jurist)" title="Paul Bender (jurist)">Paul Bender</a> – 1993 to 1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Waxman" class="mw-redirect" title="Seth Waxman">Seth Waxman</a> – 1996 to November 13, 1997 (became Solicitor General)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Underwood" title="Barbara Underwood">Barbara Underwood</a> – March 23, 1998 to June 11, 2001 (acting SG from January to June 2001)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Clement" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul D. Clement">Paul D. Clement</a> – February 2001 to July 11, 2004 (became acting SG)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Garre" title="Gregory G. Garre">Gregory G. Garre</a> – September 2005 - June 19, 2008 (became acting SG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Katyal" title="Neal Katyal">Neal Katyal</a> – February 3, 2009 to May 17, 2010 (became acting SG)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leondra_Kruger" title="Leondra Kruger">Leondra Kruger</a> – acting principal deputy SG named on May 17, 2010, to June 9, 2011 (became California Supreme Court Associate Justice)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Katyal" title="Neal Katyal">Neal Katyal</a> – June 9, 2011 to August 26, 2011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Srinivasan" title="Sri Srinivasan">Sri Srinivasan</a> – August 26, 2011 to May 24, 2013 (became Chief Judge of D.C. Circuit)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Heath_Gershengorn" title="Ian Heath Gershengorn">Ian Heath Gershengorn</a> – September 2013 to June 25, 2016 (became Acting SG)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Francisco" title="Noel Francisco">Noel Francisco</a> – January 20, 2017 to March 10, 2017 (became SG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall_(lawyer)" title="Jeff Wall (lawyer)">Jeff Wall</a> – March 10, 2017 to January 20, 2021 (became Acting SG)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WallActingSG_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WallActingSG-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Elizabeth Prelogar</a> – January 20, 2021 - October 28, 2021 (became SG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fletcher_(attorney)" title="Brian Fletcher (attorney)">Brian Fletcher</a> - October 28, 2021 – Present (became Acting SG)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGinsburgLowiWeirTolbert2019" class="citation book cs1">Ginsburg, Benjamin; Lowi, Theodore J.; Weir, Margaret; Tolbert, Caroline J.; Campbell, Andrea L. 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Verrilli Appoints Sri Srinivasan as Principal Deputy Solicitor General</a>, August 26, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cadc.uscourts.gov/internet/home.nsf/Content/VL+-+Judges+-+SS">Sri Srinivasan</a>, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tom Goldstein, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/08/the-new-principal-deputy-solicitor-general/">The new Principal Deputy Solicitor General</a>, SCOTUSblog, August 9, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tony Mauro, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legaltimes.typepad.com/blt/2013/08/gershengorn-named-principal-deputy-solicitor-general.html">Gershengorn Named Principal Deputy Solicitor General</a>, The BLT: The Blog of the Legal Times, August 12, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/chrisgeidner/status/841398684260679680">"Chris Geidner on Twitter: "Big news in here: Jeff Wall (Trump-era hire, came from Sullivan & Cromwell, is returning to DOJ) is now the US acting solicitor general."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></i>. 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June 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Law.com&rft.atitle=DOJ%27s+Jeffrey+Wall+Will+Be+Acting+US+Solicitor%2C+as+Noel+Francisco+Heads+Out&rft.date=2020-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.com%2Fnationallawjournal%2F2020%2F06%2F17%2Fdojs-jeffrey-wall-will-be-acting-us-solicitor-as-noel-francisco-heads-out%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolicitor+General+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaplan1987" class="citation book cs1">Caplan, Lincoln (1987). <i>The Tenth Justice: The Solicitor General and the Rule of Law</i>. New York: Knopf.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tenth+Justice%3A+The+Solicitor+General+and+the+Rule+of+Law&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Caplan&rft.aufirst=Lincoln&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolicitor+General+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kermit_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Kermit Hall">Hall, Kermit L.</a> (1992). <i>The Oxford Guide to the Supreme Court of the United States</i>. New York: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Guide+to+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Kermit+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolicitor+General+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJost2012" class="citation book cs1">Jost, Kenneth (2012). <i>The Supreme Court A to Z</i>. Los Angeles: CQ Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Supreme+Court+A+to+Z&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Jost&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolicitor+General+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usdoj.gov/osg/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2298067#P856" 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href="/wiki/Template:USSolGen" title="Template:USSolGen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSolGen" title="Template talk:USSolGen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSolGen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSolGen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_solicitors_general" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States solicitors general</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bristow" title="Benjamin Bristow">Bristow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_F._Phillips" title="Samuel F. Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goode_(Virginia_politician)" title="John Goode (Virginia politician)">Goode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Jenks" title="George A. Jenks">Jenks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlow_W._Chapman" title="Orlow W. Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Aldrich" title="Charles H. Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Maxwell_Jr." title="Lawrence Maxwell Jr.">Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmes_Conrad" title="Holmes Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Richards" title="John K. Richards">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Hoyt_(Solicitor_General)" title="Henry M. Hoyt (Solicitor General)">Hoyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Wheaton_Bowers" title="Lloyd Wheaton Bowers">Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Lehmann" title="Frederick William Lehmann">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marshall_Bullitt" title="William Marshall Bullitt">Bullitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis" title="John W. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_King" title="Alexander Campbell King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Frierson" title="William L. Frierson">Frierson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Beck" title="James M. Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Mitchell" title="William D. Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes_Jr." title="Charles Evans Hughes Jr.">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Thacher" title="Thomas D. Thacher">Thacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Crawford_Biggs" title="James Crawford Biggs">Biggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Forman_Reed" title="Stanley Forman Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Biddle" title="Francis Biddle">Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fahy" title="Charles Fahy">Fahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Perlman" title="Philip Perlman">Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_J._Cummings_Jr." title="Walter J. Cummings Jr.">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Sobeloff" title="Simon Sobeloff">Sobeloff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Lee_Rankin" title="J. Lee Rankin">Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Cox" title="Archibald Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Griswold" title="Erwin Griswold">Griswold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_H._McCree" title="Wade H. McCree">McCree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_E._Lee" title="Rex E. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fried" title="Charles Fried">Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_S._Days_III" title="Drew S. Days III">Days</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Dellinger" title="Walter Dellinger">Dellinger</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_P._Waxman" title="Seth P. Waxman">Waxman</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Underwood" title="Barbara Underwood">Underwood</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Olson" title="Theodore Olson">Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Clement" title="Paul Clement">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Garre" title="Gregory G. Garre">Garre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Kneedler" title="Edwin Kneedler">Kneedler</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Kagan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neal_Katyal" title="Neal Katyal">Katyal</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Verrilli_Jr." title="Donald B. Verrilli Jr.">Verrilli</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ian_Heath_Gershengorn" title="Ian Heath Gershengorn">Gershengorn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noel_Francisco" title="Noel Francisco">Francisco</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall_(lawyer)" title="Jeff Wall (lawyer)">Wall</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Francisco" title="Noel Francisco">Francisco</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall_(lawyer)" title="Jeff Wall (lawyer)">Wall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Prelogar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fletcher_(attorney)" title="Brian Fletcher (attorney)">Fletcher</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Prelogar" title="Elizabeth Prelogar">Prelogar</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Department of Justice"><img alt="Seal of the United States Department of Justice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Acting officeholders shown in <i>italics</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SCOTUS_horizontal" title="Template:SCOTUS horizontal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SCOTUS_horizontal" title="Template talk:SCOTUS horizontal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SCOTUS_horizontal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SCOTUS horizontal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The court</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases" title="Lists of United States Supreme Court cases">Lists of cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States">Court demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideological_leanings_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_justices" title="Ideological leanings of United States Supreme Court justices">Ideological leanings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomination_and_confirmation_to_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Nomination and confirmation to the Supreme Court of the United States">Nomination and confirmation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Procedures_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Procedures of the Supreme Court of the United States">Procedures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amicus_curiae#United_States_Supreme_Court_rules" title="Amicus curiae"><i>Amicus curiae</i> brief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certiorari#United_States" title="Certiorari"><i>Certiorari</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Certiorari_before_judgment" title="Certiorari before judgment">Cert. before judgment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissed_as_improvidently_granted" title="Dismissed as improvidently granted">Cert. dismissed as improvidently granted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant,_vacate,_remand" title="Grant, vacate, remand">Grant, vacate, remand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_docket" title="Shadow docket">Shadow docket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In-chambers_opinion" title="In-chambers opinion">In-chambers opinion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief justice</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate justices</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Ketanji Brown Jackson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States#Retired_justices" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Retired justices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Anthony Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Souter" title="David Souter">David Souter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="History of the Supreme Court of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Court" title="Jay Court">Jay Court</a> (1789–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutledge_Court" title="Rutledge Court">Rutledge Court</a> (1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Court" title="Ellsworth Court">Ellsworth Court</a> (1796–1800)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Court" title="Marshall Court">Marshall Court</a> (1801–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">Taney Court</a> (1836–1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Court" title="Chase Court">Chase Court</a> (1864–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waite_Court" title="Waite Court">Waite Court</a> (1874–1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_Court" title="Fuller Court">Fuller Court</a> (1888–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Court_(judges)" class="mw-redirect" title="White Court (judges)">White Court</a> (1910–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft_Court" title="Taft Court">Taft Court</a> (1921–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Court" title="Hughes Court">Hughes Court</a> (1930–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Court" title="Stone Court">Stone Court</a> (1941–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinson_Court" title="Vinson Court">Vinson Court</a> (1946–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Court" title="Warren Court">Warren Court</a> (1953–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burger_Court" title="Burger Court">Burger Court</a> (1969–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehnquist_Court" title="Rehnquist Court">Rehnquist Court</a> (1986–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Court" title="Roberts Court">Roberts Court</a> (2005–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists of justices<br />and nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States#List_of_chief_justices" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States#list_of_associate_justices" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">All justices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_by_court_composition" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by court composition">court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_schools_attended_by_United_States_Supreme_Court_justices" title="List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court justices">education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_by_seat" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by seat">seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_justices_by_time_in_office" title="List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office">time in office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nominations_to_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of nominations to the Supreme Court of the United States">All nominations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unsuccessful_nominations_to_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Unsuccessful nominations to the Supreme Court of the United States">unsuccessful</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._Supreme_Court_justices_who_also_served_in_the_U.S._Congress" title="List of U.S. Supreme Court justices who also served in the U.S. Congress">Justices who served in Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of burial places of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">Burial places of justices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statutes affecting<br />court size</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1789" title="Judiciary Act of 1789">Judiciary Act of 1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Judges_Act" title="Midnight Judges Act">Judiciary Act of 1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1802" title="Judiciary Act of 1802">Judiciary Act of 1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Circuit_Act_of_1807" title="Seventh Circuit Act of 1807">Seventh Circuit Act of 1807</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_and_Ninth_Circuits_Act_of_1837" title="Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837">Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Circuit_Act_of_1863" title="Tenth Circuit Act of 1863">Tenth Circuit Act of 1863</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Circuits_Act" title="Judicial Circuits Act">Judicial Circuits Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1869" title="Judiciary Act of 1869">Judiciary Act of 1869</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Functionaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court" title="Marshal of the United States Supreme Court">Marshal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Police" title="Supreme Court Police">Supreme Court Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reporter_of_Decisions_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States">Reporter of Decisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_clerk_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Law clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States">Law clerk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Lists of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States">lists</a>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Chief_Justice)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Chief Justice)">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_1)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 1)">Seat 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_2)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 2)">Seat 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_3)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 3)">Seat 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_4)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 4)">Seat 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_6)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 6)">Seat 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_8)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)">Seat 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_9)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 9)">Seat 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_10)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 10)">Seat 10</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court_Building" title="United States Supreme Court Building">Supreme Court Building</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Former: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Exchange_(New_York_City)" title="Royal Exchange (New York City)">Royal Exchange, New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_City_Hall_(Philadelphia)" title="Old City Hall (Philadelphia)">Old City Hall, Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Chamber" title="Old Supreme Court Chamber">Old Supreme Court Chamber, U.S. Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Senate_Chamber" title="Old Senate Chamber">Old Senate Chamber, U.S. Capitol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_Three_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article Three of the United States Constitution">Article III, U.S. Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Original_jurisdiction_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the United States">original jurisdiction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameras_in_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Cameras in the Supreme Court of the United States">Camera policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Conduct_for_Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Code of Conduct for Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">Code of Conduct for Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Procedures_Reform_Bill_of_1937" title="Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937">Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochner_era" title="Lochner era"><i>Lochner</i> era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Samuel_Chase" title="Impeachment of Samuel Chase">Impeachment of Samuel Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Commission_on_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court of the United States">Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_in_fiction" title="Supreme Court of the United States in fiction">Supreme Court in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_leaks" title="List of United States Supreme Court leaks">Supreme Court leaks</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">United States Reports</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lawyers%27_Edition" title="Lawyers' Edition">Lawyers' Edition</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States Solicitor General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:National_supreme_courts" title="Category:National supreme courts">Other countries</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Template:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Template talk:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Department_of_Justice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Headquarters: <b><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Department_of_Justice_Building" title="Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building">Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Merrick Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Monaco" title="Lisa Monaco">Lisa Monaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Attorney_General" title="United States Deputy Attorney General">Deputy Attorney General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Attorney_General" title="United States Deputy Attorney General">Deputy<br />Attorney<br />General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Justice_Management_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division">Justice Management Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Criminal_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Criminal Division">Criminal Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_National_Security_Division" title="United States Department of Justice National Security Division">National Security Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons" title="Federal Bureau of Prisons">Bureau of Prisons</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Corrections" title="National Institute of Corrections">National Institute of Corrections</a> * <a href="/wiki/Federal_Prison_Industries" title="Federal Prison Industries">Federal Prison Industries</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">United States Marshals Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_for_Immigration_Review" title="Executive Office for Immigration Review">Executive Office for Immigration Review</a> (<a href="/wiki/Board_of_Immigration_Appeals" title="Board of Immigration Appeals">Board of Immigration Appeals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Pardon_Attorney" title="Office of the Pardon Attorney">Office of the Pardon Attorney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Professional_Responsibility" title="Office of Professional Responsibility">Office of Professional Responsibility</a></li> <li>Office of Tribal Justice</li> <li>Professional Responsibility Advisory Office</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_Crime_Drug_Enforcement_Task_Force" title="Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force">Executive Office for Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">Executive Office for United States Attorneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorneys' Offices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">INTERPOL Washington--United States National Central Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Parole_Commission" title="United States Parole Commission">United States Parole Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Counsel" title="Office of Legal Counsel">Office of Legal Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Policy" title="Office of Legal Policy">Office of Legal Policy</a></li> <li>Office of Legislative Affairs</li> <li>Office of Public Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Office_of_the_Inspector_General" title="United States Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General">Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Special_Counsel" title="United States Department of Justice Office of Special Counsel">Special Counsel's Office</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 1.5x, 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<li>Office of Information Policy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Claims_Settlement_Commission" title="Foreign Claims Settlement Commission">Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Antitrust_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division">Antitrust Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Division">Civil Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Rights_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division">Civil Rights Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Environment_and_Natural_Resources_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division">Environment and Natural Resources Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Tax_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Tax Division">Tax Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Trustee_Program" title="United States Trustee Program">Executive Office for United States Trustees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Relations_Service" title="Community Relations Service">Community Relations Service</a></li> <li>Office for Access to Justice</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">Assistant<br />Attorneys<br />General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Antitrust_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division">Antitrust Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Division">Civil Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Rights_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division">Civil Rights Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Criminal_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Criminal Division">Criminal Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_National_Security_Division" title="United States Department of Justice National Security Division"> National Security Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Environment_and_Natural_Resources_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division">Environment and Natural Resources Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Justice_Management_Division" 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