CINXE.COM
Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BusinessEvent"> <head> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://use.typekit.net" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://p.typekit.net" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" /><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1" /><title> Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics </title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.news-medical.net/webinar/Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" /> <meta itemprop="startDate" content="2017-06-07T12:00:00.0000000+00:00" /> <meta itemprop="endDate" content="2017-06-07T13:00:00.0000000+00:00" /> <meta itemprop="eventAttendanceMode" content="https://schema.org/OnlineEventAttendanceMode" /> <meta itemprop="eventStatus" content="https://schema.org/EventScheduled" /> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.news-medical.net/webinar/Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" /> <meta itemprop="description" content="Proteins are highly versatile macromolecules that enact a wide range of biological functions such as catalysis, regulation, communication, mechanical support, movement, and transport. At least several million unique proteins exist in the human body which are, surprisingly, encoded by only fifteen thousand genes." /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@NewsMedical" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Proteins are highly versatile macromolecules that enact a wide range of biological functions such as catalysis, regulation, communication, mechanical support, movement, and transport. At least several million unique proteins exist in the human body which are, surprisingly, encoded by only fifteen thousand genes." /> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/2/ss-1.jpg" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/2/ss-1.jpg" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.news-medical.net/webinar/Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Proteins are highly versatile macromolecules that enact a wide range of biological functions such as catalysis, regulation, communication, mechanical support, movement, and transport. At least several million unique proteins exist in the human body which are, surprisingly, encoded by only fifteen thousand genes." /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="News-Medical" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="191532917554431" /> <meta name="referrer" content="unsafe-url" /><meta name="robots" content="max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1" /> <script type="text/javascript"> window.g_siteSection = 'lifesciences'; window.g_hasSiteSections = true; window.g_cmpKind = 2; window.g_isIabTcfInUse = false; window.g_isIabGppInUse = false; window.bStrictCookies = undefined; window.g_cookiePolicyStatus = undefined; window.g_noAdSense = true; window.g_havePublishable = true; window.g_enableAnalytics = true; window.bRecordClientView = true; window.g_fetchPromotedItem = false; window.g_contentEmbedPromotedItemEligible = false; window.g_analyticsContentType = 'Life Sciences Webinar Item'; window.g_endemicId = '7947'; window.g_pageLoadStartOn = new Date(); window._azoStartScripts = []; window.$ = function(fn) { if (typeof fn === 'function') { _azoStartScripts.push(fn); } }; </script> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon-16x16.png" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" /><link rel="icon" href="/favicon-32x32.png" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" /><link rel="icon" href="/favicon-96x96.png" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/bundles/css/desktop/base?v=-a3fWO-cSojctuXX3bMSzRE2M5hMZx5VqawbfZT-2sU1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/iio3fgy.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'; this.onload=null;"> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ window.sSiteRoot = '/'; window.isMobileWebsite = false; window.isMobileProSupplier = false; //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('consent', 'default', { 'ad_storage': 'denied', 'analytics_storage': 'denied', 'functionality_storage': 'denied', 'personalization_storage': 'denied', 'security_storage': 'granted', 'ad_user_data': 'denied', 'ad_personalization': 'denied' }); function initAnalytics() { var config = window.googleAnalyticsConfig; if (config) { var gtagConfig = { 'anonymize_ip': true, 'cookie_domain': config.cookieDomain }; if (window.g_analyticsContentType) { gtagConfig['content_group'] = window.g_analyticsContentType; } var a = document.createElement('script'); a.type = 'text/javascript'; a.async = true; a.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=' + config.gaCode; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(a, s); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.gtag = function () { dataLayer.push(arguments); }; window.gtag('js', new Date()); window.gtag('config', config.gaCode, gtagConfig); } } function initPlausible() { if (!window.googleAnalyticsConfig) { return; } var plausibleDomain = 'news-medical.net'; window.plausible = window.plausible || function () {(window.plausible.q = window.plausible.q || []).push(arguments)}; var a = document.createElement('script'); a.type = 'text/javascript'; a.defer = true; a.setAttribute('data-domain', plausibleDomain); a.src = 'https://plausible.io/js/script.manual.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(a, s); $(function () { Azom.recordPlausiblePageview(); }); } </script> <script> var g_isWebinarSeries = false; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var PdfReq = { itemType: 'webinar', itemName: 'Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics', formTitle: 'Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics Printable Document (PDF)', itemId: 244 }; $(function () { Azom.initPdfReqPage(); }); //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ window.g_bSuppressSideSponsor = true; window.g_Have160Tower = false; window.g_Have300Tower = false; window.iScreenWidth = 0; // 0 = normal, 1 = wider, 2 = widest window.g_windowWidth = 0; window.g_towerPromoSpotRightPos = 0; g_windowWidth = window.innerWidth || (!document.documentElement ? 0 : document.documentElement.clientWidth) || (!document.body ? 0 : document.body.clientWidth) || (!document.body ? 0 : document.body.offsetWidth); //var screenWidthCss = ""; if (!g_bSuppressSideSponsor) { if (g_Have300Tower && g_windowWidth >= 1450) { iScreenWidth = 2; //screenWidthCss = "widest-screen-for-right-block"; g_towerPromoSpotRightPos = ((g_windowWidth - 1100) / 2) - 300 - 20; } else if (g_Have160Tower && g_windowWidth >= 1310) { iScreenWidth = 1; //screenWidthCss = "wide-screen-for-right-block"; g_towerPromoSpotRightPos = ((g_windowWidth - 1100) / 2) - 160 - 20; } } window.g_haveDesktopLeaderboardWidth = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 750px)").matches; window.g_haveSidebarWidth = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 992px)").matches; window.g_canShowAdSense = window.g_noAdSense === false && (g_haveSidebarWidth || window.g_havePublishable); window.g_displayableSlots = { desktopLeaderboard: g_haveDesktopLeaderboardWidth, desktopSquares: g_haveSidebarWidth, mobileTopLeaderboard: !g_haveDesktopLeaderboardWidth, mobileBottomLeaderboard: !g_haveDesktopLeaderboardWidth, mobileMiddleMrec: !g_haveSidebarWidth, mobileBottomMrec: !g_haveSidebarWidth, csi590x80: g_haveDesktopLeaderboardWidth, csi300x370: g_haveSidebarWidth }; //]]> </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "News-Medical", "url": "https://www.news-medical.net/", "logo": "https://www.news-medical.net/themes/Standard/images/full_site_logo.png", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/NewsMedical", "https://twitter.com/NewsMedical" ] } </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "name": "News-Medical", "url": "https://www.news-medical.net/", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.news-medical.net/medical/search?q={search_term_string}", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } } </script> <meta name="description" content="Proteins are highly versatile macromolecules that enact a wide range of biological functions such as catalysis, regulation, communication, mechanical support, movement, and transport. At least several million unique proteins exist in the human body which are, surprisingly, encoded by only fifteen thousand genes." /></head> <body class="site-body sharebox-pending-init site-section-life-sciences active-menu-life-sciences azthena-chat-bubble-off"> <script type="text/javascript"> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; window.g_areSiteAdsInitialized = false; window.g_displayAdsToRender = []; function pushDisplayAd(fn) { if (window.g_areSiteAdsInitialized) { googletag.cmd.push(fn); } else { window.g_displayAdsToRender.push(fn); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.g_azoReadCookie = function (name) { var nameEQ = name + "="; var ca = document.cookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') c = c.substring(1, c.length); if (c.indexOf(nameEQ) == 0) return c.substring(nameEQ.length, c.length); } return null; }; function updateGoogleConsentModeUserPreferences() { var cp = typeof BlogEngine === 'object' ? BlogEngine.getVisitorCookieAndPrivacyPreferences() : null; var performance = (cp ? cp.performance : window.g_isPerformanceEnabled) ? true : false; var functional = (cp ? cp.functional : window.g_isFunctionalEnabled) ? true : false; var targeting = (cp ? cp.targeting : window.g_isTargetingEnabled) ? true : false; gtag('consent', 'update', { 'ad_storage': targeting ? 'granted' : 'denied', 'analytics_storage': performance ? 'granted' : 'denied', 'functionality_storage': functional ? 'granted' : 'denied', 'personalization_storage': targeting ? 'granted' : 'denied', 'security_storage': 'granted', 'ad_user_data': targeting ? 'granted' : 'denied', 'ad_personalization': targeting ? 'granted' : 'denied' }); } function canRunPerformanceAnalytics() { if ((window.g_enableAnalytics && !g_azoReadCookie('isstffvstr')) || g_azoReadCookie('analytics-on')) { return true; } else { return false; } } if (canRunPerformanceAnalytics() && typeof initPlausible === 'function') { initPlausible(); } window.g_hasActionsOnConsentsAvailableRun = false; function actionsOnConsentsAvailable() { if (window.g_hasActionsOnConsentsAvailableRun) { return; } window.g_hasActionsOnConsentsAvailableRun = true; var cp = ''; if (window.g_cmpKind === 2) { cp = (OnetrustActiveGroups.includes('C0002') ? '1' : '0') + (OnetrustActiveGroups.includes('C0003') ? '1' : '0') + (OnetrustActiveGroups.includes('C0004') ? '1' : '0'); } else { cp = g_azoReadCookie('cookiepolicy'); } if (cp && cp.length !== 3) { cp = null; } var isCookieBarShown = cp ? false : !!g_azoReadCookie('cookiebarshown'); var currentCookieNoticeBarStatus = 0; function configureCookieNoticeBar() { if (window.g_cmpKind !== 1) { return; } if (cp) { return; } var showFullBar = typeof bStrictCookies === 'boolean' && bStrictCookies; var newCookieNoticeBarStatus = showFullBar ? 2 : 1; if (currentCookieNoticeBarStatus === newCookieNoticeBarStatus) { return; } try { var root = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0]; if (root && root.classList) { root.classList.toggle('show-cookie-bar', true); root.classList.toggle('show-cookie-bar-standard', !showFullBar); root.classList.toggle('show-cookie-bar-full', showFullBar); currentCookieNoticeBarStatus = newCookieNoticeBarStatus; } } catch (e) { } } var areCookieCategoriesSet = false; function evaluateCookiePolicyStatus() { if (areCookieCategoriesSet) { return; } var canSetCookieCategories = false; if (window.g_cmpKind !== 1) { canSetCookieCategories = true; } else { canSetCookieCategories = g_cookiePolicyStatus === 1 || g_cookiePolicyStatus === 2 || (g_cookiePolicyStatus === 3 && typeof bStrictCookies === 'boolean'); } if (canSetCookieCategories) { if (window.g_cmpKind !== 1) { window.g_isTargetingEnabled = cp[2] === '1'; window.g_isPerformanceEnabled = cp[0] === '1'; window.g_isFunctionalEnabled = cp[1] === '1'; } else { window.g_isTargetingEnabled = (cp && cp[2] === '1') || (!bStrictCookies && !cp && isCookieBarShown); window.g_isPerformanceEnabled = (cp && cp[0] === '1') || (!bStrictCookies && !cp && isCookieBarShown); window.g_isFunctionalEnabled = (cp && cp[1] === '1') || (!bStrictCookies && !cp && isCookieBarShown); } areCookieCategoriesSet = true; updateGoogleConsentModeUserPreferences(); if (canRunPerformanceAnalytics()) { initAnalytics(); } if (typeof initSiteAds === 'function') { initSiteAds(); } $(function() { BlogEngine.incrementTopicUpdateNotificationPageCounter(); BlogEngine.loadConsentDependentScripts(); if (bRecordClientView && typeof contentViewData !== 'undefined') { Azom.recordClientView(); } else { } Azom.loadAdSenseAds(); Azom.checkInboundDetails(); }); } } function evaluateGeoLocation(location) { var country = ''; var region = ''; if (window.g_cmpKind === 2) { var otLocationData = OneTrust.getGeolocationData(); country = !otLocationData ? '' : (otLocationData.country || '').toString().toUpperCase(); region = !otLocationData ? '' : (otLocationData.state || '').toString().toUpperCase(); } else if (location) { country = (location.country || '').toString().toUpperCase(); region = (location.region || '').toString().toUpperCase(); } else { country = (g_azoReadCookie('azocountry') || '').toString(); } if (typeof country === 'string' && country.length === 2) { window.g_countryCode = country.toUpperCase(); window.g_regionCode = region.toUpperCase(); if (window.g_countryCode === 'GB' && window.g_canShowAdSense) { window.g_canShowAdSense = false; } window.bStrictCookies = window.g_countryCode === 'DE'; if (window.g_cmpKind === 1) { $(function () { Azom.createCookie("azocountry", country, 0); BlogEngine.initCookieNoticeBar(); }); } } configureCookieNoticeBar(); evaluateCookiePolicyStatus(); } function onGetCountryProblem() { window.bStrictCookies = true; evaluateCookiePolicyStatus(); } function lookupCountryIfNeeded() { if (window.g_cmpKind !== 1) { return; } if (window.g_countryCode) { } if (!window.g_countryCode) { if (typeof fetch === 'undefined') { onGetCountryProblem(); } else { fetch('/cdn-cgi/trace') .then(function (resp) { return resp.text(); }) .then(function (data) { var foundCountry = false; if (!data || typeof data !== 'string') { } else { var match = data.match(/\bloc=([a-z]{2})/i); if (!match || !match.length || match.length < 2) { } else { foundCountry = true; evaluateGeoLocation({ country: match[1], region: null }); } } if (!foundCountry) { onGetCountryProblem(); } }) .catch(function (error) { onGetCountryProblem(); }); } } } ///////////////// if (window.g_cmpKind === 1) { if (cp) { window.g_cookiePolicyStatus = 1; } else if (!isCookieBarShown) { window.g_cookiePolicyStatus = 2; } else { window.g_cookiePolicyStatus = 3; } } evaluateGeoLocation(null); lookupCountryIfNeeded(); } </script> <script> </script> <script> </script> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" async type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="f362e18d-20d8-4df3-ba3d-631ebffb71e2" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.g_isOneTrustAvailable = false; window.g_areInitialOneTrustConsentsAvailable = false; window.g_oneTrustRequireBannerInteraction = false; function OptanonWrapper() { if (!window.g_isOneTrustAvailable) { window.g_isOneTrustAvailable = true; if (typeof window.__tcfapi === 'function') { window.g_isIabTcfInUse = true; } if (typeof window.__gpp === 'function') { window.g_isIabGppInUse = true; } } if (window.g_areInitialOneTrustConsentsAvailable) { $(function () { BlogEngine.onOneTrustConsentsUpdated(); }); } else { $(function () { var isBoxClosed = !!Azom.readCookie('OptanonAlertBoxClosed'); if (!window.g_areInitialOneTrustConsentsAvailable) { var isBannerOverlayVisible = $('.ot-fade-in').is(':visible'); var areConsentsAvailableForProcessing = !isBannerOverlayVisible || isBoxClosed; if (!areConsentsAvailableForProcessing) { window.g_oneTrustRequireBannerInteraction = true; } else { window.g_areInitialOneTrustConsentsAvailable = true; window.setTimeout(actionsOnConsentsAvailable, 1); } } }); } } </script> <div id="body-wrap"> <div id="wide-screen-container"> <div class="page-wrap"> <div class="container main-content-right"> <form method="post" action="./Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics?id=244" id="aspnetForm"> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="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" /> </div> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="DE0082C6" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="dJ3JV+Deell2X2za/dlBzhE9OTC2Gs9MO92ATSZzriwl9GIgLVN2JWAzeYhZzMRpH+SKlEKc8ffxyPjH55yKYm29YO9pjUZfuLk5NvCTkgdDnrnNQTTJ8b3hynuyyHbfmNexyUhnln6U/LYDBO1jtyfFovI=" /> </div> <div class='overlay-content-wrapper'> <div id='social-login-overlay-simple-container'></div> <div id='social-login-overlay-full-container' class='mfp-with-anim'></div> </div> <header> <a class="skip-link sr-only sr-only-focusable" href="#main">Skip to content</a> <nav class="main-menu container menu-container"> <div class="logo col-sm-2 col-xs-12"> <a href="/"> <picture> <source srcset="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4-@2x.png 2x, https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4-@3x.png 3x, https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4.png" media="(min-width: 768px)" width="143" height="75" /> <source srcset="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/news_medical_and_life_sciences_logo_1000w.png 2x, https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/news_medical_and_life_sciences_logo_600w.png" media="(max-width: 767px)" width="600" height="56" /> <img class="img-responsive center-block" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4.png" alt="News-Medical" width="143" height="75" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="mobile-moremenu-wrap visible-xs-block"> <a class="moremenu mobile-menu"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 5.15.4 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) --><path fill="currentColor" d="M16 132h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16V76c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16C7.163 60 0 67.163 0 76v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16z"/></svg> <span class="sr-only">Menu</span> </a> </div> <div class="nav-right col-sm-10 col-xs-12"> <div class="user-menu"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-7 hidden-xs site-sections-menu-wrap"> <div class="site-sections-menu"> <a href="/medical" class="site-section-menu-btn-medical">Medical Home</a> <a href="/life-sciences" class="site-section-menu-btn-life-sciences active-site-sections-menu-btn">Life Sciences Home</a> </div> <div class="an-azonetwork-site"><a class="an-azonetwork-site" href="/suppliers/AZoNetwork-UK-Ltd.aspx"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/an-azonetwork-site.svg" alt="An AZoNetwork Site" width="158" height="16" /></a></div> </div> <div class="col-sm-5 col-xs-12 menu-top-right"> <div class="user-info"> <a href="/azoprofile/login/" onclick="return AZoProfileUtils.showAZoProfileLoginFullOverlay(null, null);" class="login-signup"><span>Become a Member</span></a> <div id='profile-login-content' class='profile-login-content'></div> <!-- populated client side --> </div> <div class="search-input-group input-group"> <span class="icon-search"></span> <input aria-labelledby="searchLabel" type="search" id="globalSearchField" class="form-control searchfield" placeholder="Search..." maxlength="200" value="" data-search-btn-selector="#globalSearchButton" /> <div class="input-group-addon search-btn-wrap"> <button class="search-btn" onclick="return BlogEngine.search('globalSearchField');" onkeypress="return BlogEngine.search('globalSearchField');"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="icon-arrow-right"></span> <span id="searchLabel" class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul aria-hidden="true" class="menu main-nav-menu top-nav-menu-medical"> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-medical-home"><a href="/medical"><span>Medical Home</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-life-sciences-home"><a href="/life-sciences"><span>Life Sciences Home</span></a></li> <li><a href="/medical/about"><span>About</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Coronavirus-Disease-COVID-19"><span>COVID-19</span></a></li> <li><a href="/medical/news"><span>News</span></a></li> <li><a class="content-hub-link" href="/medical-a-z.aspx"><span>Health A-Z</span></a></li> <li><a href="/drugs-a-z.aspx"><span>Drugs</span></a></li> <li><a href="/Clinical-and-Diagnostics"><span>Medical Devices</span></a></li> <li><a href="/medical/interviews"><span>Interviews</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item-on-wide-device"><a href="/medical/whitepapers"><span>White Papers</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-xs"><a class="moremenu">More...</a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/mediknowledge"><span>MediKnowledge</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/medical/newsletters"><span>Newsletters</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/Consumer-Products"><span>Health & Personal Care</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/medical/ebooks"><span>eBooks</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/medical/contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/medical/team"><span>Meet the Team</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/medical/advertise"><span>Advertise</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/search"><span>Search</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-profile-become-member"> <a href="/azoprofile/login/" onclick="return AZoProfileUtils.showAZoProfileLoginFullOverlay(null, null);" class="login-signup"><span>Become a Member</span></a> </li> </ul> <div class="hub-menu-desktop medical-hub-menu"> <h2>Top Health Categories</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <ul class="hub-menu-items"> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Coronavirus-Disease-COVID-19">Coronavirus Disease COVID-19</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Diet-Nutrition">Diet & Nutrition</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Artificial-Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Allergies">Allergies</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Alzheimers-Dementia">Alzheimer's & Dementia</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Arthritis-Rheumatology">Arthritis & Rheumatology</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Breast-Cancer">Breast Cancer</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <ul class="hub-menu-items"> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Cold-Flu-Cough">Cold, Flu & Cough</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Eating-Disorders">Eating Disorders</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Eye-Health">Eye Health</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Gastrointestinal-Health">Gastrointestinal Health</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Heart-Disease">Heart Disease</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/High-Blood-Pressure">High Blood Pressure</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Lung-Cancer">Lung Cancer</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <ul class="hub-menu-items"> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Mental-Health">Mental Health</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Mpox">Mpox</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Type-1-Diabetes">Type 1 Diabetes</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Type-2-Diabetes">Type 2 Diabetes</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Sexual-Health">Sexual Health</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a href="/condition/Sleep">Sleep</a></li> <li class="hub-menu-item"> <a class="view-all-topics" href="/medical-a-z.aspx">View Health A-Z</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hub-menu-mobile medical-hub-menu-mobile"> <h2><span class="close-mobile-hub-menu">×</span>Top Health Categories</h2> <ul class="menu"> <li><a href="/condition/Coronavirus-Disease-COVID-19"><span>Coronavirus Disease COVID-19</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Heart-Disease"><span>Heart Disease</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Diet-Nutrition"><span>Diet & Nutrition</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/High-Blood-Pressure"><span>High Blood Pressure</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Artificial-Intelligence"><span>Artificial Intelligence</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Lung-Cancer"><span>Lung Cancer</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Allergies"><span>Allergies</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Mental-Health"><span>Mental Health</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Alzheimers-Dementia"><span>Alzheimer's & Dementia</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Mpox"><span>Mpox</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Arthritis-Rheumatology"><span>Arthritis & Rheumatology</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Pregnancy"><span>Pregnancy</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Breast-Cancer"><span>Breast Cancer</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Type-1-Diabetes"><span>Type 1 Diabetes</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Cold-Flu-Cough"><span>Cold, Flu & Cough</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Type-2-Diabetes"><span>Type 2 Diabetes</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Eating-Disorders"><span>Eating Disorders</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Sexual-Health"><span>Sexual Health</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Eye-Health"><span>Eye Health</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Sleep"><span>Sleep</span></a></li> <li><a href="/condition/Gastrointestinal-Health"><span>Gastrointestinal Health</span></a></li> <li class="empty-listitem"><span> </span></li> </ul> <div class="hub-menu-view-all-topics"> <a id="hypViewAllMobile" href="/medical-a-z.aspx">View Health A-Z</a> </div> </div> <ul aria-hidden="true" class="menu main-nav-menu top-nav-menu-life-sciences"> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-medical-home"><a href="/medical"><span>Medical Home</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-life-sciences-home"><a href="/life-sciences"><span>Life Sciences Home</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/about"><span>About</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/news"><span>News</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences-a-z"><span>Life Sciences A-Z</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/whitepapers"><span>White Papers</span></a></li> <li><a href="/Life-Science-and-Laboratory"><span>Lab Equipment</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/interviews"><span>Interviews</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/newsletters"><span>Newsletters</span></a></li> <li class="menu-item-on-wide-device"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars"><span>Webinars</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-xs"><a class="moremenu">More...</a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/ebooks"><span>eBooks</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/team"><span>Meet the Team</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/advertise"><span>Advertise</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"><a href="/life-sciences/search"><span>Search</span></a></li> <li class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-menu-profile-become-member"> <a href="/azoprofile/login/" onclick="return AZoProfileUtils.showAZoProfileLoginFullOverlay(null, null);" class="login-signup"><span>Become a Member</span></a> </li> </ul> <div class="sub-menu col-xs-12" aria-role="nav"> <ul class="mobile-main mobile-main-medical serif hidden-xs"> <li class="menu-item-on-wide-device"><a href="/medical/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li><a href="/mediknowledge">MediKnowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/medical/newsletters"><span>Newsletters</span></a></li> <li><a href="/Consumer-Products"><span>Health & Personal Care</span></a></li> <li><a href="/medical/ebooks"><span>eBooks</span></a></li> <li><a href="/medical/contact">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/medical/team">Meet the Team</a></li> <li><a href="/medical/advertise">Advertise</a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/search">Search</a></li> <li class="mobile-menu-profile-become-member"> <a href="/azoprofile/login/" onclick="return AZoProfileUtils.showAZoProfileLoginFullOverlay(null);" class="login-signup"><span>Become a Member</span></a> </li> </ul> <ul class="mobile-main mobile-main-life-sciences serif hidden-xs"> <li class="menu-item-on-wide-device"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars"><span>Webinars</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/ebooks"><span>eBooks</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/team">Meet the Team</a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/advertise"><span>Advertise</span></a></li> <li><a href="/life-sciences/search"><span>Search</span></a></li> <li class="mobile-menu-profile-become-member"> <a href="/azoprofile/login/" onclick="return AZoProfileUtils.showAZoProfileLoginFullOverlay(null);" class="login-signup"><span>Become a Member</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main id="main" tabindex="-1" class="main-container col-xs-12 col-md-8"> <div style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;"> <div id="pdfReqForm" class="azoForm-dialog azoForm-desktop-container mfp-with-anim"> <div class="pdfReq-form-dialog-container-contents"></div> </div> </div> <div id="pdfReqFormMobileContainerOnPage" class="azoForm-mobile-container"> </div> <div class="postedIn"> Posted in | <a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Cell-Biology">Cell Biology</a> | <a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Mass-Spectrometry">Mass Spectrometry</a> | <a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Protein-Analysis">Protein Analysis</a> </div> <input type="hidden" id="url-to-share" value="https://www.news-medical.net/webinar/Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics"/> <div class="share-box"> <ul class="showEmailShare"> <li class="pdf-download no-count"> <a href="#" class="request-pdf-download" title="Download PDF copy"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-download"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="linkedin"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.news-medical.net%2fwebinar%2fProteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics&title=Proteoforms%3a+A+Matter+of+Preservation+in+Proteomics" title="LinkedIn" data-win-width="520" data-win-height="570" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-linkedin"></div> <div class="count count-linkedin"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3a%2f%2fwww.news-medical.net%2fwebinar%2fProteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" title="Facebook" data-win-width="550" data-win-height="600" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-facebook"></div> <div class="count count-facebook"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="twitter no-count"> <a href="https://x.com/share?url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.news-medical.net%2fwebinar%2fProteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics&text=Proteoforms%3a+A+Matter+of+Preservation+in+Proteomics" title="X" data-win-width="550" data-win-height="300" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-twitter-x"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="reddit no-count"> <a href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.news-medical.net%2fwebinar%2fProteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" title="Reddit" data-win-width="575" data-win-height="600" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-reddit"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="pinterest no-count"> <a href="http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.news-medical.net%2fwebinar%2fProteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" title="Pinterest" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-pinterest"></div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="email no-count"> <a href="#" onclick="return Azom.displayShareViaEmail();" title="Email" target="_blank"> <div class="share-wrapper"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="icon icon-envelop"></div> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class='item-body content-item-body clearfix topgap'> <h1 itemprop="name" class="page-title">Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics</h1> <div class="in-content-ctas-container in-content-ctas-container-top"> <div class="in-content-ctas in-content-ctas-top cta-btns-cols-3"> <ul> <li class="cta-printpdf"><a href="#" class="request-pdf-download" onclick="return false;"><span class="cta-text"><span>Download</span> <span>PDF Copy</span></span></a></li><li class="cta-supplier-profile"><a href="/suppliers/Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry.aspx"><span class="cta-text"><span>View</span> <span>Supplier</span> <span>Profile</span></span></a></li><li class="cta-webinar"><a href="https://www.news-medical.net/ads/abmc.aspx?b=4814" rel="sponsored noopener"><span class="cta-text"><span>Watch</span> <span>the</span> <span>Webinar</span></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="page-content"> <div class="article-meta"> <span class="article-meta-contents"> <span class="article-meta-left"> <span class="article-meta-author"> <span itemprop="organizer" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">From <a href="/suppliers/Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry.aspx" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</span></a></span> </span> </span> <span class="article-meta-right"> <span class="article-meta-date">Jun 7 2017</span> </span> </span> </div> <span itemprop="location" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/VirtualLocation"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.news-medical.net/ads/abmc.aspx?b=4814" /></span> <span itemprop="performer" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="url" content="/suppliers/Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry.aspx" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry" /></span> <span itemprop="offers" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Offer"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.news-medical.net/webinar/Proteoforms-A-Matter-of-Preservation-in-Proteomics" /><meta itemprop="price" content="0" /><meta itemprop="priceCurrency" content="USD" /><meta itemprop="availability" content="https://schema.org/InStock" /><meta itemprop="validFrom" content="Feb 15 2019" /></span> <div class="clearfix"> <h2>Webinar Overview</h2> <p>Proteins are highly versatile macromolecules that enact a wide range of biological functions such as catalysis, regulation, communication, mechanical support, movement, and transport. At least several million unique proteins exist in the human body which are, surprisingly, encoded by only fifteen thousand genes.</p> <p>The divergent number of proteins compared to genes is due to protein variants, or “proteoforms”, that originate from a single gene as unique combinations of amino acid sequence variations (e.g. alternative splicing or endogenous proteolytical processing) and/or post-translational modifications.</p> <p>It is important to note that out of all possible proteoforms from a single coding gene only one or a few may correlate with (disease) biology. Established bottom-up proteomics methods are generally used to identify proteins of interest via their proteolytical peptide fragments following tryptic digestion.</p> <p>The tryptic protein digestion step which is at the heart of bottom-up proteomics leads however to issues with protein inference, connectivity, quantitation, and incomplete sequence/modification information. Top-down proteomics is an emerging technique that preserves key biological information by analyzing whole proteins directly by tandem mass spectrometry.</p> <p>Developments in hardware and software advanced top-down proteomics to become an accessible methodology that offers unique possibilities in translational research and patient care. In this webinar we will discuss the importance of proteoforms from a clinical perspective, illustrate the potential of top-down proteomics using real-life examples, and give assistances for implementing top-down proteomics.</p> <h2><strong>Speaker</strong></h2> <p><span itemprop="image" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/2/ss-1.jpg" style="float: left; width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 10px;" width="100" height="100" /><meta itemprop="url" content="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/2/ss-1.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="100" /><meta itemprop="height" content="100" /><meta itemprop="caption" content="Proteoforms: A Matter of Preservation in Proteomics" /></span></p> <p><strong>Dr. Hans Wessels</strong><br /> Proteomics Scientist at Radboudumc, Nijmegen Area, Netherlands</p> <p>Dr. Hans Wessels specializes in translational clinical proteomics driving further development of emerging technologies contributing to healthcare. His professional career started as proteomics specialist at the Radboud University Medical Center in 2003 working on inborn errors of metabolism and biochemistry of novel microorganisms. In this time, he was key to establish the core proteomics facility of the Radboudumc. From 2010-2015, he performed his PhD research at the Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders where he conceived and applied novel methods to study mitochondrial complexomes. Since then, he is building his own line of research on the importance of proteoforms in disease pathology at the Radboudumc Proteomics Center. Novel innovative projects include the development and implementation of Top-Down proteomics and Glycoproteomics for translational research and patient care. His track record includes over thirty publications in peer-reviewed journals, two book chapters, and he has been a speaker at various international conferences and seminars. </p> <h2>Key Learnings</h2> <ul> <li>What is the potential of proteoform profiling for Biological research and biomarker discovery</li> <li>Why and how intact protein based approach can reveal information hidden to the bottom-up approach</li> <li>How these techniques can be used in a clinical research environment</li> <li>What can be achieved while implementing these approaches on Bruker instruments</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="in-content-ctas-container in-content-ctas-container-bottom"> <div class="in-content-ctas in-content-ctas-bottom cta-btns-cols-3"> <ul> <li class="cta-printpdf"><a href="#" class="request-pdf-download" onclick="return false;"><span class="cta-text"><span>Download</span> <span>PDF Copy</span></span></a></li><li class="cta-supplier-profile"><a href="/suppliers/Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry.aspx"><span class="cta-text"><span>View</span> <span>Supplier</span> <span>Profile</span></span></a></li><li class="cta-webinar"><a href="https://www.news-medical.net/ads/abmc.aspx?b=4814" rel="sponsored noopener"><span class="cta-text"><span>Watch</span> <span>the</span> <span>Webinar</span></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2>Other Webinars from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</h2> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { BlogEngine.initItemImagesWithLinks(); }); </script> <div class='item-images-and-links'> <div class="item-images"> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-left item-image-cols2-left" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/How-to-get-Speed-and-Depth-in-your-Host-Cell-Protein-Analysis"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_225.png" alt="How to get Speed and Depth in your Host Cell Protein Analysis"></span> <p class="item-title">How to get Speed and Depth in your Host Cell Protein Analysis</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-middle item-image-cols2-right" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/Label-Free-techniques-for-Drug-Discovery-Surface-Plasmon-Resonance-(SPR)-and-MALDI-Mass-Spectrometry-for-Primary-(HTS)-and-Secondary-Screening"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_237.jpg" alt="Label-Free Techniques for Drug Discovery: Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Primary (HTS) and Secondary Screening"></span> <p class="item-title">Label-Free Techniques for Drug Discovery: Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Primary (HTS) and Secondary Screening</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-right item-image-cols2-left" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/timsTOF-Pro-and-PASEF-Multiplying-Sequencing-Speed-and-Sensitivity-in-Proteomics"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_238.png" alt="timsTOF Pro and PASEF: Multiplying Sequencing Speed and Sensitivity in Proteomics"></span> <p class="item-title">timsTOF Pro and PASEF: Multiplying Sequencing Speed and Sensitivity in Proteomics</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-left item-image-cols2-right" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/SCiLS-Lab-Feature-Extraction-with-Principal-Components"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_239.jpg" alt="SCiLS Lab: Feature Extraction with Principal Components"></span> <p class="item-title">SCiLS Lab: Feature Extraction with Principal Components</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-middle item-image-cols2-left" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/Toxtyper-Screening-An-New-Kind-of-Forensic-Evidence"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_240.jpg" alt="Toxtyper Screening: An New Kind of Forensic Evidence"></span> <p class="item-title">Toxtyper Screening: An New Kind of Forensic Evidence</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-right item-image-cols2-right" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/Eliminating-False-Positives-and-Negatives-Correctly-Report-Results-the-First-Time"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_241.png" alt="Eliminating False Positives and Negatives: Correctly Report Results the First Time"></span> <p class="item-title">Eliminating False Positives and Negatives: Correctly Report Results the First Time</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-left item-image-cols2-left" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/Label-Free-High-Throughput-MALDI-TOF-Mass-Spectrometry-in-Drug-Discovery"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_242.jpg" alt="Label-Free High-Throughput MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry in Drug Discovery"></span> <p class="item-title">Label-Free High-Throughput MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry in Drug Discovery</p> </a> </div> <div class="item col-sm-4 col-ms-6 col-xs-12 item-image-cols3-middle item-image-cols2-right" data-item-id="0"> <a href="/webinar/Can-Metabolomics-Research-Help-to-Discover-Developmental-Disorders-in-Children-Related-to-Enviromental-Contaminants"> <span class="img-wrap"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/webinars/ThumbImage_243.jpg" alt="Can Metabolomics Research Help to Discover Developmental Disorders in Children Related to Enviromental Contaminants?"></span> <p class="item-title">Can Metabolomics Research Help to Discover Developmental Disorders in Children Related to Enviromental Contaminants?</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="topgap">Life Science Webinars by Subject Matter</h2> <div class="row common-list-cols-b"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-xs-12 column leftCol"><ul><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Alzheimers-Disease-Research" title="Alzheimer's Disease Research"><span class="item-name">Alzheimer's Disease Research</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Antibodies" title="Antibodies"><span class="item-name">Antibodies</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/artificial-intelligence" title="Artificial Intelligence (AI)"><span class="item-name">Artificial Intelligence (AI)</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Cell-Biology" title="Cell Biology"><span class="item-name">Cell Biology</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Conference-and-Expo" title="Conference and Expo"><span class="item-name">Conference and Expo</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Data-Integrity-and-Compliance" title="Data Integrity and Compliance"><span class="item-name">Data Integrity and Compliance</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Dynamic-Nuclear-Polarization" title="Dynamic Nuclear Polarization"><span class="item-name">Dynamic Nuclear Polarization</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Electron-Paramagnetic-Resonance-(EPR)" title="Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)"><span class="item-name">Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Flow-Cytometry" title="Flow Cytometry"><span class="item-name">Flow Cytometry</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Food-and-Beverage-Analysis" title="Food and Beverage Analysis"><span class="item-name">Food and Beverage Analysis</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Genomics" title="Genomics"><span class="item-name">Genomics</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/High-Content-Imaging" title="High-Content Imaging"><span class="item-name">High-Content Imaging</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Immunology" title="Immunology"><span class="item-name">Immunology</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Immuno-Oncology" title="Immuno-Oncology"><span class="item-name">Immuno-Oncology</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Infectious-Diseases" title="Infectious Diseases"><span class="item-name">Infectious Diseases</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Lab-Techniques" title="Lab Techniques"><span class="item-name">Lab Techniques</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Laboratory-Equipment" title="Laboratory Equipment"><span class="item-name">Laboratory Equipment</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-MRI" title="Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)"><span class="item-name">Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)</span></a> </li></ul></div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-xs-12 column rightCol"><ul><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Mass-Spectrometry" title="Mass Spectrometry"><span class="item-name">Mass Spectrometry</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Metabolomics" title="Metabolomics"><span class="item-name">Metabolomics</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Microscopy" title="Microscopy"><span class="item-name">Microscopy</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Nanoparticles" title="Nanoparticles"><span class="item-name">Nanoparticles</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Neurology" title="Neurology"><span class="item-name">Neurology</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-NMR-Spectroscopy" title="Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy"><span class="item-name">Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Oncology" title="Oncology"><span class="item-name">Oncology</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Parkinsons-Disease-Research" title="Parkinson's Disease Research"><span class="item-name">Parkinson's Disease Research</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Pharmaceuticals-and-Drug-Discovery" title="Pharmaceuticals and Drug Discovery"><span class="item-name">Pharmaceuticals and Drug Discovery</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Point-of-Care-Testing-(-POCT)" title="Point-of-Care Testing ( POCT)"><span class="item-name">Point-of-Care Testing ( POCT)</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Preclinical-Imaging" title="Preclinical Imaging"><span class="item-name">Preclinical Imaging</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Protein-Analysis" title="Protein Analysis"><span class="item-name">Protein Analysis</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/research-proteins" title="Research Proteins"><span class="item-name">Research Proteins</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Scientific-Communication" title="Scientific Communication"><span class="item-name">Scientific Communication</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Spectroscopy" title="Spectroscopy"><span class="item-name">Spectroscopy</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Stem-Cells" title="Stem Cells"><span class="item-name">Stem Cells</span></a> </li><li class="odd-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Titration" title="Titration"><span class="item-name">Titration</span></a> </li><li class="even-item"><a href="/life-sciences/webinars/Toxicology" title="Toxicology"><span class="item-name">Toxicology</span></a> </li></ul></div> </div> <div id="widgetzone_WebinarDetailsBottom" class="widgetzone clearfix"></div> </main> <div class="sidebar-container main-sidebar-container col-xs-12 col-md-4"> <a id="hypSidebarCtaTop" class="webinar-cta-block" rel="sponsored noopener" href="https://www.news-medical.net/ads/abmc.aspx?b=4814"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-text"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-text-contents"> Watch the<br />Webinar </span> </span> <span class="webinar-cta-block-arrow-wrap"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-arrow-circle"> <span class="icon-arrow-right webinar-cta-block-arrow"></span> </span> </span> </a> <div id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierArticlesWidget_lvSupplierContent_rscWrap" class="related-supplier-content-wrap"> <section id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierArticlesWidget_lvSupplierContent_rscSection" class="clearfix related-supplier-content"> <h2>More Articles from<br />Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</h2> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/whitepaper/20190402/Presenting-an-Ideal-Solution-for-UHPLC.aspx"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierArticlesWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl0_imgThumbnail" alt="Presenting an Ideal Solution for UHPLC" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/3/r_-_Copy_2614fbffc4484cb58063ae0855878d8a-150x125.jpg" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/whitepaper/20190402/Presenting-an-Ideal-Solution-for-UHPLC.aspx">Presenting an Ideal Solution for UHPLC</a></h3> </div> </article> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/whitepaper/20190306/Q-TOF-Provides-Insights-into-Bio-Production-Efficiency-in-Omics-Studies.aspx"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierArticlesWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl1_imgThumbnail" alt="Q-TOF Provides Insights into Bio-Production Efficiency in “Omics” Studies" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/3/Job_6039_Art4_Pic5-thumb_b2e53d6ae71f4c0c89f022b9b071f475-150x125.jpg" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/whitepaper/20190306/Q-TOF-Provides-Insights-into-Bio-Production-Efficiency-in-Omics-Studies.aspx">Q-TOF Provides Insights into Bio-Production Efficiency in “Omics” Studies</a></h3> </div> </article> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/whitepaper/20190315/PASEF-Redefining-New-Standards-for-Proteomics-Research.aspx"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierArticlesWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl2_imgThumbnail" alt="PASEF: Redefining New Standards for Proteomics Research" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/image-handler/picture/2019/3/Job_6041_Art1_Pic5-thumb_6eaaacc16eaf4a8ebcaa696e71af5cd1-150x125.jpg" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/whitepaper/20190315/PASEF-Redefining-New-Standards-for-Proteomics-Research.aspx">PASEF: Redefining New Standards for Proteomics Research</a></h3> </div> </article> </section> </div> <div id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_rscWrap" class="related-supplier-content-wrap"> <section id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_rscSection" class="clearfix related-supplier-content"> <h2>More Products from<br />Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</h2> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/rapifleX-MALDI-PharmaPulsec2ae-from-Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl0_imgThumbnail" alt="rapifleX MALDI PharmaPulse® from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/equipments/EquipmentThumb_5407_16783933138648140.png" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/rapifleX-MALDI-PharmaPulsec2ae-from-Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry">rapifleX MALDI PharmaPulse® from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</a></h3> </div> </article> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/Sierra-SPR-32-Pro-for-complex-high-throughput-applications2"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl1_imgThumbnail" alt="Sierra SPR-32 Pro for complex high-throughput applications" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/equipments/EquipmentThumb_5320_16807734038496798.png" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/Sierra-SPR-32-Pro-for-complex-high-throughput-applications2">Sierra SPR-32 Pro for complex high-throughput applications</a></h3> </div> </article> <article class="article-size-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="article-thumb col-xs-3 col-md-4"> <a href="/Accelerate-uHTS-with-Mass-Spectrometry-rapifleX-MALDI-PharmaPulse-from-Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry"> <img id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_ctrl2_imgThumbnail" alt="Accelerate uHTS with Mass Spectrometry - rapifleX MALDI PharmaPulse from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/equipments/EquipmentThumb_5318_1678393657676211.png" /></a> </div> <div class="article-title col-xs-9 col-md-8"> <h3><a href="/Accelerate-uHTS-with-Mass-Spectrometry-rapifleX-MALDI-PharmaPulse-from-Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry">Accelerate uHTS with Mass Spectrometry - rapifleX MALDI PharmaPulse from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</a></h3> </div> </article> <div class="footer"> <a id="ctl00_cphRightBottom_ucRelatedSupplierEquipmentWidget_lvSupplierContent_hypSeeAllLink" href="/suppliers/Bruker-Life-Sciences-Mass-Spectrometry.aspx">See all content from Bruker Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry</a> </div> </section> </div> <div class="sidebar-sticky-block-wrap" style="margin-top:25px;"> <div class="sidebar-sticky-block"> <a id="hypSidebarCtaBottom" class="webinar-cta-block" rel="sponsored noopener" href="https://www.news-medical.net/ads/abmc.aspx?b=4814"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-text"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-text-contents"> Watch the<br />Webinar </span> </span> <span class="webinar-cta-block-arrow-wrap"> <span class="webinar-cta-block-arrow-circle"> <span class="icon-arrow-right webinar-cta-block-arrow"></span> </span> </span> </a> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { BlogEngine.initFixedPosition('.sidebar-sticky-block', '.sidebar-sticky-block-wrap', '.sidebar-container', 'main'); }); </script> </div> <footer class="footer col-xs-12"> <div class="row footer-newsguard"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="newsguard-logo-with-rating"> <a href="/life-sciences/newsguard"> <img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/newsguard-logo.svg" width="300" height="47" alt="NewsGuard" /> <img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/newsguard-100.svg" width="300" height="65" alt="NewsGuard 100/100 Score" /> </a> </div> <div class="footer-newsguard-text"> High Credibility: This website adheres to all nine standards of credibility and transparency. </div> </div> </div> <div class="row footer-icons"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="//privacy.truste.com/privacy-seal/validation?rid=80814776-9892-4bc0-a905-50180d9d0296" target="_blank"><img style="border: none" src="//privacy-policy.truste.com/privacy-seal/seal?rid=80814776-9892-4bc0-a905-50180d9d0296" width="142" height="45" alt="TRUSTe"/></a> <a href="https://registry.blockmarktech.com/certificates/b5720d0b-7698-4c0d-b58c-92920915c193/" target="_blank" class="ce-plus-badge"><img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/cyberessentials_plus_245x90.png" width="245" height="90" alt="Cyber Essentials Plus" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="row footer-top-row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 footer-menu footer-menu-top-row-first-col"> <h3>Medical Links</h3> <nav aria-role="nav" class="row"> <ul> <li><a aria-label="Medical Home" href="/medical">Medical Home</a></li> <li><a aria-label="COVID-19" href="/condition/Coronavirus-Disease-COVID-19">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical News" href="/medical/news">News</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Health A-Z" href="/medical-a-z.aspx">Health A-Z</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical White Papers" href="/medical/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical Thought Leaders" href="/medical/thought-leaders">Thought Leaders</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical Insights" href="/medical/insights-from-industry">Insights</a></li> <li><a aria-label="MediKnowledge Series" href="/mediknowledge">MediKnowledge Series</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Health & Personal Care" href="/Consumer-Products">Health & Personal Care</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical Devices" href="/Clinical-and-Diagnostics">Medical Devices</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical Drugs" href="/drugs-a-z.aspx">Drugs</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Medical eBooks" href="/medical/ebooks">eBooks</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 footer-menu footer-menu-top-row-second-col life-sciences-useful-links"> <h3>Life Sciences Links</h3> <nav aria-role="nav" class="row"> <ul> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Home" href="/life-sciences">Life Sciences Home</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences News" href="/life-sciences/news">News</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Lab Instruments & Equipment" href="/Life-Science-and-Laboratory">Lab Instruments & Equipment</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences A-Z" href="/life-sciences-a-z">Life Sciences A-Z</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences White Papers" href="/life-sciences/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Thought Leaders" href="/life-sciences/thought-leaders">Thought Leaders</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Insights" href="/life-sciences/insights-from-industry">Insights</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Webinars" href="/life-sciences/webinars">Webinars</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences eBooks" href="/life-sciences/ebooks">eBooks</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 footer-menu footer-menu-top-row-third-col other-useful-links"> <h3>Other Useful Links</h3> <nav aria-role="nav" class="row"> <ul> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences About Us" href="/life-sciences/about">About</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Meet the Team" href="/life-sciences/team">Meet the Team</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Search" href="/life-sciences/search">Search</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Newsletters" href="/life-sciences/newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Sitemap" href="/sitemap.axd">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Advertise" href="/life-sciences/advertise">Advertise</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Contact" href="/life-sciences/contact">Contact</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Terms & Conditions" href="/life-sciences/terms">Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Privacy & Cookie Policy" href="/life-sciences/privacy">Privacy & Cookie Policy</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Content Policy" href="/life-sciences/content-policy">Content Policy</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Life Sciences Ownership & Funding Information" href="/life-sciences/about#ownership-funding">Ownership & Funding Information</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 footer-menu footer-menu-top-row-fourth-col azosites-menu-wrap"> <h3>Other AZoNetwork Sites</h3> <nav aria-role="nav" class="row"> <ul> <li><a aria-label="AZoM" href="https://www.azom.com/">AZoM</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoNano" href="https://www.azonano.com/">AZoNano</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoCleantech" href="https://www.azocleantech.com/">AZoCleantech</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoOptics" href="https://www.azooptics.com/">AZoOptics</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoRobotics" href="https://www.azorobotics.com/">AZoRobotics</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoSensors" href="https://www.azosensors.com/">AZoSensors</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoMining" href="https://www.azomining.com/">AZoMining</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoQuantum" href="https://www.azoquantum.com/">AZoQuantum</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoBuild" href="https://www.azobuild.com/">AZoBuild</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoLifeSciences" href="https://www.azolifesciences.com/">AZoLifeSciences</a></li> <li><a aria-label="AZoAi" href="https://www.azoai.com/">AZoAi</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="footer-matter col-xs-12"> <div class="footer-container"> <div class="center-block logo col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4.png" srcset="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4-@2x.png 2x, https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/themes/Standard/images/nm-logo-4-@3x.png 3x" alt="News-Medical" /> <ul class="social"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/NewsMedical" aria-label="News-Medical Facebook page"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="icon-facebook"></span> <span class="sr-only">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/NewsLifeScience" aria-label="News-Medical Twitter page"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="icon-twitter-x"></span> <span class="sr-only">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/news-medical/" aria-label="News-Medical LinkedIn page"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="icon-linkedin2"></span> <span class="sr-only">LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-9 col-xs-12 footer-matter-right"> <p class="site-disclaimer"> News-Medical.Net provides this medical information service in accordance with these <a href="/life-sciences/terms">terms and conditions</a>. Please note that medical information found on this website is designed to support, not to replace the relationship between patient and physician/doctor and the medical advice they may provide. </p> <div class="footer-update-privacy-preferences"> <a onclick="BlogEngine.displayCookieSettings('Footer Link');"> <span class="update-privacy-preferences-lock-icon"></span> Update Your Privacy Preferences </a> </div> <p class="site-last-updated">Last Updated: Wednesday 4 Dec 2024</p> </div> <div class="footer-matter-right-contents"> <p><a href="https://www.azonetwork.com/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.azonetwork.com/images/azonetwork_logo_footer_80.png" alt="AZoNetwork"></a></p> <p>News-Medical.net - An AZoNetwork Site</p> <p>Owned and operated by AZoNetwork, © 2000-2024</p> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- output the chat widget --> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$acChat$hdnApiDomain" id="hdnApiDomain" value="https://www.azoscience.com/" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$acChat$hdnWebsiteName" id="hdnWebsiteName" value="NewsMedical" /> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$acChat$hdnLoginRequiredForAzthenaChat" id="hdnLoginRequiredForAzthenaChat" value="true" /> <div class="chat-launcher-icon"> <button type="button" aria-label="Chat with Azthena" data-tooltip="Chat with our AI Assistant" data-tooltip-position="left" > <img src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/images/ai-chat-icon.svg" alt="Azthena chat logo" /> </button> </div> <div class="chat-app-container" data-window-maximised="false" style="display:none;"> <header class="chat-app-header"> <div class="chat-logo"> <svg class="" id="azthenaicon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 786.6 169.55" role="img" focusable="false"> <title>Azthena logo with the word Azthena</title> <g> <g> <path d="m23.48,49c-9.76,9.76-15.8,23.24-15.8,38.13,0,29.77,24.14,53.91,53.91,53.91,14.89,0,28.37-6.04,38.13-15.79-39.85-4.79-71.45-36.39-76.24-76.24h0Z"></path> <path d="m141.6,101.53c3.87-14.41,7.12-50.5-18.4-76.02-34.02-34.02-89.18-34.02-123.2,0l23.48,23.48c9.76-9.76,23.23-15.79,38.12-15.79,29.77,0,53.91,24.14,53.91,53.91,0,14.89-6.03,28.37-15.79,38.12l20.52,20.52,23.79,23.79s-14.44-23.33-2.43-68.02Z"></path> <path d="m247.38,42.42l32.48,70.27h-16.97l-5.31-13.01h-27.59l-5.31,13.01h-16.97l32.48-70.27h7.19Zm-3.54,23.63l-8.75,21.34h17.49l-8.75-21.34h0Z"></path> <path d="m356.84,42.94v3.75l-35.81,52.99h35.81v13.01h-58.61v-3.75l35.19-52.99h-32.9v-13.01s56.32,0,56.32,0Z"></path> <path d="m436,42.94v13.01h-22.28v56.43h-14.37v-56.43h-22.28v-13.01s58.93,0,58.93,0Z"></path> <path d="m474.36,42.94v28.42h32.38v-28.42h14.37v69.75h-14.37v-28.32h-32.38v28.32h-14.47V42.94h14.47Z"></path> <path d="m597.87,71.25v11.76h-30.82v16.87h34.88v12.81h-49.35V42.94h49.35v12.49h-34.88v15.82h30.82Z"></path> <path d="m692.34,42.94v70.27h-5.21l-41.33-42.58v42.06h-14.47V42.42h5.21l41.33,43.21v-42.68h14.47Z"></path> <path d="m754.12,42.42l32.48,70.27h-16.97l-5.31-13.01h-27.59l-5.31,13.01h-16.97l32.48-70.27h7.19Zm-3.54,23.63l-8.75,21.34h17.49l-8.75-21.34h.01Z"></path> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="chat-container-actions"> <button type="button" id="maximise-minimise-button" class="expand-collapse-view" role="button" aria-label="Maximise chat window"> <!-- maximise icon --> <svg class="icon icon-tabler icon-tabler-arrows-maximize" fill="none" height="24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img"> <title>Maximise chat window</title> <path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" stroke="none"/><polyline points="16 4 20 4 20 8"/><line x1="14" x2="20" y1="10" y2="4"/><polyline points="8 20 4 20 4 16"/><line x1="4" x2="10" y1="20" y2="14"/><polyline points="16 20 20 20 20 16"/><line x1="14" x2="20" y1="14" y2="20"/><polyline points="8 4 4 4 4 8"/><line x1="4" x2="10" y1="4" y2="10"/></svg> </button> <button type="button" id="hide-chat-window" role="button" aria-label="Hide chat window"> <svg viewPort="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24"> <title>Hide chat window</title> <line x1="4" y1="20" x2="20" y2="4" stroke-width="2" /> <line x1="4" y1="4" x2="20" y2="20" stroke-width="2" /> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="chat-strapline"> <p> Your AI Powered Scientific Assistant </p> </div> </header> <div class="chat-message-container"> <!-- AI and user messages will go here... --> <!-- AI message --> <div class="bot-message default-message"> <div class="bot-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 144.23 169.55" focusable="false" role="img"> <defs></defs> <g> <path class="azthena-color-3" d="m23.48,49c-9.76,9.76-15.8,23.24-15.8,38.13,0,29.77,24.14,53.91,53.91,53.91,14.89,0,28.37-6.04,38.13-15.79-39.85-4.79-71.45-36.39-76.24-76.24Z"></path> <path class="azthena-color-1" d="m141.6,101.53c3.87-14.41,7.12-50.5-18.4-76.02C89.18-8.51,34.02-8.51,0,25.52l23.48,23.48c9.76-9.76,23.23-15.79,38.12-15.79,29.77,0,53.91,24.14,53.91,53.91,0,14.89-6.03,28.37-15.79,38.12l20.52,20.52,23.79,23.79s-14.44-23.33-2.43-68.02Z"></path> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="bot-message-content"> <p>Hi, I'm Azthena, you can trust me to find commercial scientific answers from News-Medical.net.</p> <div class="azthena-login-message"> <p>To start a conversation, please log into your AZoProfile account first, or create a new account.</p> <p>Registered members can chat with Azthena, request quotations, download pdf's, brochures and subscribe to our related <a id="ctl00_acChat_hypNewsletterContentLink" href="/life-sciences/newsletters" target="_blank">newsletter content</a>.</p> <div class="azthena-button-container"> <button type="button" class="azthena-button azthena-login-button" aria-label="Login">Log in</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- AI Terms --> <div class="bot-message terms-details"> <div class="bot-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 144.23 169.55" focusable="false" role="img"> <defs></defs> <g> <path class="azthena-color-3" d="m23.48,49c-9.76,9.76-15.8,23.24-15.8,38.13,0,29.77,24.14,53.91,53.91,53.91,14.89,0,28.37-6.04,38.13-15.79-39.85-4.79-71.45-36.39-76.24-76.24Z"></path> <path class="azthena-color-1" d="m141.6,101.53c3.87-14.41,7.12-50.5-18.4-76.02C89.18-8.51,34.02-8.51,0,25.52l23.48,23.48c9.76-9.76,23.23-15.79,38.12-15.79,29.77,0,53.91,24.14,53.91,53.91,0,14.89-6.03,28.37-15.79,38.12l20.52,20.52,23.79,23.79s-14.44-23.33-2.43-68.02Z"></path> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="bot-message-content"> <p>A few things you need to know before we start. <b>Please read and <u>accept</u> to continue.</b></p> <ul> <li> Use of “Azthena” is subject to the terms and conditions of use as set out by <a href="https://openai.com/policies/terms-of-use" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">OpenAI</a>. </li> <li> Content provided on any AZoNetwork sites are subject to the site <a href="/life-sciences/terms" target="_blank">Terms & Conditions</a> and <a href="/life-sciences/privacy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a>. </li> <li> Large Language Models can make mistakes. Consider checking important information. </li> </ul> <div class="agree-azthena-container"> <input type="checkbox" id="agree-azthena-tips" title="Required to continue" /><label for="agree-azthena-tips" class="agree-azthena-text">I understand, and agree to receive occasional emails about Azthena such as usage tips and new feature announcements.</label> <p class="azthena-agree-tips-warning">Please check the box above to proceed.</p> </div> <div class="azthena-button-container"> <button type="button" class="azthena-button accept-terms-button" aria-label="Accept Terms">Start Chat</button> </div> </div> </div> <!-- AI Terms accepted --> <div class="bot-message terms-accepted terms-pending-acceptance"> <div class="bot-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 144.23 169.55" focusable="false" role="img"> <defs></defs> <g> <path class="azthena-color-3" d="m23.48,49c-9.76,9.76-15.8,23.24-15.8,38.13,0,29.77,24.14,53.91,53.91,53.91,14.89,0,28.37-6.04,38.13-15.79-39.85-4.79-71.45-36.39-76.24-76.24Z"></path> <path class="azthena-color-1" d="m141.6,101.53c3.87-14.41,7.12-50.5-18.4-76.02C89.18-8.51,34.02-8.51,0,25.52l23.48,23.48c9.76-9.76,23.23-15.79,38.12-15.79,29.77,0,53.91,24.14,53.91,53.91,0,14.89-6.03,28.37-15.79,38.12l20.52,20.52,23.79,23.79s-14.44-23.33-2.43-68.02Z"></path> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="bot-message-content"> <p>Great. Ask your question.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- end message list container --> <!-- user input --> <div class="chat-app-footer"> <div class="chat-message-options"> <button type="button" id="clear-chat-button" title="Clear Chat" aria-label="Clear Chat"> <svg focusable="false" role="img"> <title>Clear Chat</title> <use href="/images/trash.svg#icon" /> </svg>Clear Chat </button> <select id="response-types" class="response-types" title="Response Types" name="response-types"> <option value="0">Brief</option> <option value="1">Moderate</option> <option selected value="2">Detailed</option> </select> </div> <div class="chat-inputs"> <textarea class="user-textarea" placeholder="Message..."></textarea> <button type="button" aria-label="Send Message" id="send-message-button" class="chat-action-button"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img"> <path d="M17.71,11.29l-5-5a1,1,0,0,0-.33-.21,1,1,0,0,0-.76,0,1,1,0,0,0-.33.21l-5,5a1,1,0,0,0,1.42,1.42L11,9.41V17a1,1,0,0,0,2,0V9.41l3.29,3.3a1,1,0,0,0,1.42,0A1,1,0,0,0,17.71,11.29Z"></path></svg> </button> <button type="button" aria-label="Cancel response" id="stop-response-button" class="chat-action-button"> <svg fill="none" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" role="img"> <path d="M4.5 3C3.67157 3 3 3.67157 3 4.5V15.5C3 16.3284 3.67157 17 4.5 17H15.5C16.3284 17 17 16.3284 17 15.5V4.5C17 3.67157 16.3284 3 15.5 3H4.5Z"/></svg> </button> </div> <div class="input-terms"> <p> Azthena may occasionally provide inaccurate responses.<br /> <a href="#" class="full-terms-link">Read the full terms</a>. </p> </div> </div> <!-- .chat-container-screen"> --> </div> <!-- end .aichat-container --> <div id="full-terms-dialog" class="full-terms-dialog mp-common-dialog mfp-with-anim mfp-hide"> <div class="full-terms-dialog-content"> <p class="modal-terms-dialog-title">Terms</p> <p> While we only use edited and approved content for Azthena answers, it may on occasions provide incorrect responses. Please confirm any data provided with the related suppliers or authors. We do not provide medical advice, if you search for medical information you must always consult a medical professional before acting on any information provided. </p> <p> Your questions, but not your email details will be shared with OpenAI and retained for 30 days in accordance with their privacy principles. </p> <p> Please do not ask questions that use sensitive or confidential information. </p> <p>Read the full <a id="modal-terms-dialog-full-terms-link" href="/life-sciences/terms" target="_blank">Terms & Conditions</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div id="chat-response-feedback-dialog" class="chat-response-feedback-dialog mp-common-dialog mfp-with-anim mfp-hide"> <div class="chat-response-feedback-dialog-content"> <p class="modal-response-feedback-title">Provide Feedback</p> <textarea rows="5" placeholder="Please provide details here. To help protect your privacy don't include any personal information." class="modal-textarea chat-response-feedback-textarea"></textarea> <div class="modal-buttons"> <button type="button" aria-label="Submit feedback" class="modal-button response-feedback-submit-button">Submit</button> <button type="button" aria-label="Cancel submitting feedback" class="modal-button response-feedback-cancel-button">Cancel</button> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div><!-- container --> <div id="right-block" class="side-block"> </div><!-- right-block --> </div><!-- page-wrap --> </div><!-- wide-screen-container --> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var contentViewData = { type: 'Webinar', id: 244 }; //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://d2jx2rerrg6sh3.cloudfront.net/bundles/js/desktop/base?v=2KT_nPBNpVUqNxyL8MbFfE4bLdeVimRi5El1aXQHUf81"></script> <div class='overlay-content-wrapper'> <!-- rfq start --> <div style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;"> <div id="rfqForm" class="azoForm-dialog azoForm-desktop-container mfp-with-anim"> <div class="rfq-form-dialog-container-contents"></div> </div> </div> <div id="rfqFormMobileContainerOnPage" class="azoForm-mobile-container"></div> <!-- rfq end --> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var RfqData = { "RfqSideTabCssClass": "requestQuoteGeneric", "Items": [ { "id": "rfq-generic", "elementSelectors": ["a.requestQuoteGeneric"], "itemType": "generic", "itemName": "", "itemId": 0, "formTitle": "Request a Quote or Further Information" } ] } ; $(function() { Azom.initRfqPage(); }); //]]> </script> </body> </html>