Imurikanyandiko ku rubuga rwa interineti

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class="menuTitle-wrap">  <a class="hide-menu menuTitle" href="#"> Abana mu ntambara</a></li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-1"> <span class="section-number"> 1.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Amafoto ya Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda</span> <span class="section-case">Renzaho (ICTR-97-31)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-2"> <span class="section-number"> 2.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Arubumu y’amafoto ya Foča</span> <span class="section-case">Kunarac na bagenzi be (IT-96-23 & IT-96-23/1)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-3"> <span class="section-number"> 3.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Videwo ya Perefegitura ya Kibuye</span> <span class="section-case">Muhimana (ICTR-95-1B)</span> </span> </a> </li>  <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-4"> <span class="section-number"> 4.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Inyandiko y’ubuhamya bwa Elvedin Pašić</span> <span class="section-case">Krajišnik (IT-00-39)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-5"> <span class="section-number"> 5.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Amajwi yafashwe kuri kasete y’ikiganiro cya Radiyo RTLM cyo ku itariki n’inyandukuro y’icyo kiganiro</span> <span class="section-case">Nahimana na bagenzi be (ICTR-99-52)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-6"> <span class="section-number"> 6.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Iperereza ry’Ibiro bya Porokireri wa TPIY ku mabombe yarashwe kuri Alipašino Polje ku itariki ya 22 Mutarama 1994</span> <span class="section-case">Galić (IT-98-29)</span> </span> </a> </li>  <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-7"> <span class="section-number"> 7.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Ubuhamya bwanditse PW38 yatanze mu cyongereza: Brent Beardsley</span> <span class="section-case">Bagosora <em>et al.</em> (ICTR-98-41)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-8"> <span class="section-number"> 8.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Ibisobanuro byanditswe ku bimenyetso gihamya n’umutangabuhamya Berisha mu rukiko ku itariki ya 2 Gashyantare 2009 n’Igiti cy’amasano kigaragaza igice kimwe cy’umuryango wa Berisha</span> <span class="section-case">Đorđević (IT-05-87/1)</span> </span> </a> </li>  <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-9"> <span class="section-number"> 9.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Ifoto yafatiwe mu kirere ya sitade [n’ibitaro]</span> <span class="section-case">Kayishema na bagenzi be (ICTR-95-1)</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-list-item"> <a class="hide-menu section-menu-item" href="#section-10"> <span class="section-number">10.</span> <span class="section-border"> <span class="menu-section-title">Videwo yerekana inkambi y’abarokotse ubwicanyi bwabereye i Srebrenica</span> <span class="section-case">Krstić (IT-98-33)</span> </span> </a> </li>  </ul> </nav>  <div class="main-content">  <div id="cover"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="cover-image-wrap"> <img class="img-responsive opening-photo-bw" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices-bw.jpg" />  <table class="opening-photo-slices"> <tr> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td><img class="img-responsive 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/> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_43.jpg" /> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_44.jpg" /> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_45.jpg" /> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> </tr> <tr> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_49.jpg" /> </td> <td>  </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_51.jpg" /> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_52.jpg" /> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_53.jpg" /> </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_54.jpg" /> </td> <td>  </td> <td><img class="img-responsive opening-photo-slice" src="images/slices/ictr-opening-slices_56.jpg" /> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="main-title"> <h3>Imurikanyandiko ku rubuga rwa interineti</h3> <h1 id="exhibition-main-title">Abana mu ntambara</h1> <h5>Ibimenyetso byo mu bushyinguranyandiko bw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga</h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-7 col-lg-offset-3"> <div id="intro"> <hr class="short-line" /> <p><span class="bigLetter">I</span>ri murika ryo ku rubuga rwa interinete rifasha gusobanukirwa bumwe mu buryo abana bagizweho ingaruka n’intambara zabereye mu karere ka Balkan mu myaka ya za 90 na jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994.</p> <p>Imanza zaburanishijwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya (“TPIY”) n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR) ntizibanze ku myaka y’amavuko abahohotewe bari bafite ubwayo, kandi ntizanditse ibikorwa byose bikomeye by’ihohoterwa abana bagiriwe. Nyamara, ubuhamya bwinshi n’ibintu byinshi byatanzwe nk’ibimenyetso muri izo nkiko bigaragaza uko abana bakorewe kenshi ibyaha binyuranye birimo kwibasirwa bigambiriwe n’ibikorwa by’urugomo rushingiye ku gitsina, ibikorwa by’urugaraguro, itotezwa, kwimurirwa ahandi hantu ku gahato, kwicwa n’itsembatsemba.</p> <p>Iri murika ryifashisha amafoto, ibimenyetso bigizwe n’amashusho n’amajwi byafashwe, inyandukuro z’ibyavuzwe n’izindi nyandiko zo mu buyobozi byatanzwe nk’ibimenyetso mu manza zaburanishijwe na TPIY na TPIR mu kugaragaza zimwe mu ngero z’ukuntu abana bari bamerewe mu ntambara zo mu karere ka Balkan no muri jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda. Rinagaragaza muri rusange ingaruka z’intambara ku bakiri bato cyane.</p> <p>Ibintu byose byerekanwa muri iryo murika byakuwe mu nyandiko zitari ibanga ziri mu bushyinguranyandiko bwa TPIY na TPIR, buri mu maboko y’Urwego rwashyiriweho Inkiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="section" id="section-1">  <div id="section-1-back"></div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">1.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Amafoto ya Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P77</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 15190-01</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 30 Mutarama 2007</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa :</strong> Renzaho (ICTR-97-31)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Hari umwana w’umuhungu muto, sinzi niba yari kuri Sainte Famille maze atangira gutera hejuru atabaza, nuko numva urusaku rw’amasasu avugira mu bice byose muri icyo kigo. Kubera ko twari hafi y’iryo hema, twinjiye mu ihema ryacu turicara. Kuri uwo munsi hishwe abantu benshi nta kurobanura nk’uko byagenze mu kigo cya CELA. Barashe mu mbaga y’abantu cyangwa bakarasa umuntu wese wahitaga, nta kurobanura. Sinzi igihe byamaze, ariko mu by’ukuri byamaze akanya. Nyuma yaho, hari Interahamwe ntari nzi yaje aho idutegeka gusohoka mu ihema twarimo kugira ngo dusange abandi, hafi y’icyumba cy’abapadiri. Ubwo twahise dusohoka. Twagiye tunyura ku mirambo yari inyanyagiye hirya no hino. Twegereye aho abandi bantu bari bari. Tuhageze dusanga abenshi muri abo bantu ari abagore n’abana, nuko twicarana na bo. Tumaze kuhagera, urusaku rw’amasasu ntirwamaze igihe kirekire.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Corrine Dufka</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka" data-rel="lightcase:renzaho:slideshow" href="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_015.jpg"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_015_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka" data-rel="lightcase:renzaho:slideshow" href="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_021.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_021_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka" data-rel="lightcase:renzaho:slideshow" href="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_023.jpg"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/renzaho/001_renzaho_sainte-famille-church-kigali-rwanda_023_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Impunzi, Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda. Ifoto yafashwe n’umutangabuhamya witwa Corinne Dufka</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Ayo mafoto y’abana bahungiye muri Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille i Kigali, mu Rwanda ari mu itsinda ry’amashusho 33 yafashwe n’umunyamakuru w’umufotozi witwa Corinne Dufka yakiriwe nk’ibimenyetso mu rubanza rwa Renzaho muri TPIR. Mu buhamya yatanze ku itariki ya 30 Mutarama 2007, Dufka avuga ko ayo mafoto yafatiwe muri iyo kiriziya ku itariki ya 29 cyangwa ku ya 30 Gicurasi 1994 kandi ko abari muri iyo kiriziya bari bafite impungenge kandi bahangayitse. </p> <p>Ku itariki ya 31 Mutarama 2007, umutangabuhamya wiswe ATQ yatanze ubuhamya ku bwicanyi bwabereye mu gipangu cya Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille hafi y’itariki ya 16 Kamena 1994. Uwo mutangabuhamya, wari ufite imyaka 19 icyo gihe, ni umwe mu Batutsi benshi bahungiye muri iyo kiriziya muri Gicurasi 1994. Mu buhamya bwe, uwo mutangabuhamya yavuze ko Renzaho yari kuri iyo kiriziya ku munsi ubwo bwicanyi bwabereyeho. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Renzaho (ICTR-97-31)</h3> <p>Uru rubanza rwari rwerekeranye n’ishyirwaho ry’amabariyeri n’itangwa ry’intwaro zahabwaga Interahamwe n’indi mitwe yitwaraga gisirikare muri Kigali kugira ngo “barwanye umwanzi”, kimwe n’ibyaha byakorewe ku kigo cyigishirizwagamo indimi nyafurika (Centre d’Étude des Langues Africaines) no ku Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille. Igihe ibyo byarimo biba, Tharcisse Renzaho yari Perefe wa Perefegitura y’Umujyi wa Kigali akaba na koroneri mu Gisirikare cy’u Rwanda. </p> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR, rwasanze ko, nk’umwe mu mwanzuro rwafashe, kuva muri Mata 1994, abantu benshi bahungiye muri Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille muri Perefegitura y’Umujyi wa Kigali. Umubare wabo wakomeje kugenda wiyongera kugera ubwo hagati muri Kamena, abantu barenga igihumbi bari bamaze guhungira muri iyo kiriziya. Ku itariki ya 17 Kamena 1994, Interahamwe zagabye igitero kuri iyo kiriziya. Hishwe abasivire benshi cyane kandi abasore ni bo bibasiwe by’umwihariko. </p> <p>Urugereko rw’ubujurire rwemeje ibyemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byari byahamije Renzaho icyaha cya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ubuhotozi), n’ibyaha binyuranyije bikomeye n’Ingingo ya 3 ihuriweho n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve hamwe n’Inyongera yayo ya II.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://unictr.irmct.org/rw/cases/ictr-97-31" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa : Renzaho (ICTR-97-31) </a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-pdf-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/view.htm?r=199254&s=" target="_blank">Amafoto ya Kiriziya ya Sainte Famille, Kigali, Rwanda</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/234808/file/document" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 30 Mutarama 2007 (mu cyongereza)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/234810/file/document" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 31 Mutarama 2007 itari iy’ibanga (mu cyongereza)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-2"> <div id="section-2-back"></div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">2.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Arubumu y’amafoto ya Foča</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P11</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 47632</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 20 Werurwe 2000</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Kunarac na bagenzi be (IT-96-23 & IT-96-23/1)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Ntekereza ko niyemeje kwiyibagiza byinshi muri ibyo bintu, n’ubwo muri njyewe, hakirimo kandi hazahoramo inkovu z’ibyo byose byambayeho. Ntekereza ko mu buzima bwanjye bwose nzahora mbyibuka bikambabaza nk’uko byambabaje kandi n’ubu bikimbabaza. Ntibizigera bimvamo.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Umuryango winjira mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. Icyo cyumba cyakoreshwaga nka gereza yafungirwagamo abagore. Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 na we yarahafungiwe." data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/08-entrance-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/08-entrance-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Umuryango winjira mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Imbere mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. Icyo cyumba cyakoreshwaga nka gereza yafungirwagamo abagore. Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 na we yarahafungiwe." data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/31-inside-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/31-inside-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Imbere mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Imbere mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. Icyo cyumba cyakoreshwaga nka gereza yafungirwagamo abagore. Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 na we yarahafungiwe." data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/21-inside-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/21-inside-partizan-sports-hall-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Imbere mu Cyumba cy’amasiporo cya Partizan, Bosiniya na Herizegovina.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Inzu ya Karaman i Miljevina, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 na we yarahafungiwe." data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/02-karamans-house-miljevina-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/02-karamans-house-miljevina-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Inzu ya Karaman i Miljevina, Bosiniya na Herizegovina.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Ikirongozi cy’Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Foča, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. Icyo cyumba cyakoreshwaga nka gereza yafungirwagamo abagore. Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 na we yarahafungiwe." data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/12-foca-highschool-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/12-foca-highschool-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Ikirongozi cy’Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Foča, Bosiniya na Herizegovina. </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Gereza nkuru ya Foča izwi ku izina rya Kazneno-Popravni Dom (KP Dom), Bosiniya na Herizegovina. " data-rel="lightcase:Foca :slideshow" href="images/foca/85-kazneno-popravni-dom-foca-photo-album.jpg"> <img class="img-responsive" src="images/foca/85-kazneno-popravni-dom-foca-photo-album_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Gereza nkuru ya Foča izwi ku izina rya Kazneno-Popravni Dom (KP Dom), Bosiniya na Herizegovina. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Umutangabuhamya wiswe FWS-87 ni umwe mu bagore 20 batanze ubuhamya muri TPIY mu rubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be ku birego byo gusambanya ku gahato, ibikorwa by’urugaraguro, gushyira abantu mu bucakara no guhungabanya agaciro ka muntu abaregwa bakoreye abagore muri Foča, Bosiniya na Herizegovina, mu mwaka wa 1992. Bimwe mu byo yahuye na byo yavuze mu buhamya yatanze ku itariki ya 4 Mata 2000, FWS-87 yavuze ukuntu yagizwe imbohe akanasambanywa ku gahato incuro nyinshi ahantu hatandukanye muri Foča hanyuma Radomir Kovač akaza kumugurisha ku basirikare bo muri Montenegro ku madocimarike (amafaranga y’u Budage) magana atanu. Intambara yateye muri Foča afite imyaka 15.</p> <p>Arubumu yerekanwa hano ikubiyemo amafoto yafashwe mu butumwa bwo gukora iperereza Porokireri yagiyemo muri Foča muri Kamena 1996. Porokireri yifashishije iyo arubumu mu itangwa ry’ubuhamya bwa FWS-87 no mu bw’abandi batangabuhamya mu kugaragaza ahantu havugwa ko hakorewe ibyaha n’ahantu ho muri Foča harebwa n’urubanza. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be (IT-96-23 & IT-96-23/1)</h3> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY rwasanze ko, guhera muri Mata 1992 kugera nibura muri Gashyantare 1993, Dragoljub Kunarac, Radomir Kovač na Zoran Vuković bagize uruhare nk’abasirikare mu gitero cyagabwe n’ingabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya bagamije “gusukura” akarere ka Foča bavanamo abari bahatuye batari Abaseribe.</p> <p>Mu Nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, havugwamo ko abasivire b’Abayisiramu n’Abayisiramukazi bagotewe mu nsisiro zikikije Foča. Abagabo batandukanyijwe n’abagore n’abana; bamwe muri bo bamara igihe kirekire bafungiwe muri gereza izwi ku izina rya KP Dom ya Foča naho abandi bahita bicirwa aho. Abagore n’abana bajyanywe ahantu bakusanyirizwaga hanyuma amabisi abajyana mu kigo cy’amashuri yisumbuye cya Foča, aba ari ho bafungirwa. Nyuma yaho bamwe muri bo bajyanywe ahandi hantu muri Foča no mu turere tuhakikije, nko muri Partizan Sports Hall no mu mago y’abantu ku giti cyabo muri Miljevina no muri Trnovača. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze ko abasirikare bo mu ngabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya basambanyije ku gahato abakobwa n’abagore, babakoza isoni, babahungabanya mu mutwe babafata nk’abafungwa, banabakorera ibikorwa bibasuzuguza. Rwasanze abagore n’abakobwa b’Abayisiramukazi, abakobwa na ba nyina, barateshejwe icyubahiro gikwiye abantu; abagore n’abakobwa bafatwaga nk’abacakara cyangwa imitungo abasirikare b’Abaseribe bashoboraga kwikoreshereza uko bishakiye, ariko by’umwihariko, bagomba gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose bategetswe n’Abaregwa uko ari batatu. Abenshi mu basambanyijwe ku gahato bari abakobwa batari bakagejeje ku myaka 19. Umuto kurusha abandi muri abo basambanyijwe ku gahato yari afite imyaka 12. </p> <p>Abaregwa bahamijwe ibyaha byo gusambanya ku gahato, kwica urubozo, gushyira abantu mu bucakara no guhungabanya agaciro k’umuntu nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu n’ibyaha byo kunyuranya n’amategeko cyangwa n’umuco bikurikizwa mu ntambara. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyo byaha bahamijwe n’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://www.icty.org/en/case/kunarac/4" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Kunarac na bagenzi be (IT-96-23 and IT-96-23/1) (mu cyongereza)</a> </li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-picture-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Exhibit/NotIndexable/IT-96-23%2323%231/ACE5569R0000048048.tif" target="_blank">Arubumu y’amafoto ya Foča</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Transcript/NotIndexable/IT-96-23%2323%231/TRS5253R0000173150.doc" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 4 Mata 2000 (mu cyongereza)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">3.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Videwo ya Perefegitura ya Kibuye</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P3B</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 10072-01 </li> <li><strong>Itariki cyakiriweho:</strong> 29 Werurwe 2004</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Muhimana (ICTR-95-1B)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“<span>Ikibazo:</span> Ku itariki ya 16 Mata 1994, ubwo ibyo byabaga wari ufite imyaka ingahe? </p> <p><span>Igisubizo:</span> I Nari mfite imyaka 15 y’amavuko.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya wiswe BJ</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-7 col-lg-offset-2"> <div class="item-wrap"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3"> <div id="jwp-dec-17"> <script type="text/javaScript"> var playerInstance = jwplayer("jwp-dec-17"); playerInstance.setup({ file: 'video/003_kibuye_prefecture.mp4', image: 'video/kibuye_prefecture-video-poster.jpg', width: '100%', aspectratio: '4:3' }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p> Umutangabuhamya wiswe BJ, umukobwa w’Umuhutukazi, avuga ko yakoreraga umuryango w’Abatutsi ubwo imirwano yatangiye hagati y’Ingabo z’u Rwanda n’ingabo za FPR muri Komine ya Gishyita ho muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye, mu Rwanda. We n’abandi bantu benshi bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bahungiye mu bitaro bya Mugonero.</p> <p>Mu buhamya bwe, BJ avuga uko we n’abandi bakobwa babiri bihishe mu Cyumba cya 3 cy’ibyo bitaro, aho Mikaeli Muhimana n’Interahamwe babasanze bakabasambanya ku gahato. Mu Nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo yo ku itariki ya 28 Mata 2005, mu kugenera Muhimana ibihano, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze kuba abahohotewe bari bakiri abana bato byari impamvu nyongeragihano.</p> <p>Videwo yerekanwa aha igaragaza ibitaro mu kigo cya Mugonero, byari hamwe mu hantu Porokireri wa TPIR yavuze ko habereye ibivugwa mu rubanza rwa Muhimana.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Muhimana (ICTR-95-1B) </h3> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze ko mu mezi ya Mata na Gicurasi 1994, Mikaeli Muhimana, wahoze ari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Gishyita muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye, yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’abantu bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi kandi ko yateje abantu bo muri ubwo bwoko ububabare buzahaza umubiri cyangwa mu mutwe.</p> <p>Rwasanze kandi Muhimana yaragize uruhare mu bitero byagabwe ku basivire b’Abatutsi bari bahungiye mu nsengero no mu bitaro, ahantu hari hasanzwe hafatwa nk’ahantu umuntu yahungira akahabonera umutekano. Byongeye kandi, yishe abana, anasambanya ku gahato abakobwa yari azi ko ari Abatutsikazi yirengagiza nkana ko bibangamiye ubuzima n’agaciro bya muntu.</p> <p>Muhimana yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside, gusambanya ku gahato nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu n’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyo byemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byari byamuhamije ibyaha.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://unictr.irmct.org/rw/cases/ictr-95-1b" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Muhimana (ICTR-95-1B)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-video-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/202371/file/document" target="_blank">Videwo ya Perefegitura ya Kibuye</a> </li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span> <a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/202371/file/document" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 6 Mata 2004 (mu cyongereza)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="intermezzo" id="intermezzo-1"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h2>Uko abana barengerwa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga</h2> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-7 col-md-offset-3"> <p> Mu gihe cy’intambara, abana badafite uruhare mu mirwano barengerwa muri rusange n’amategeko arengera abasivire. By’umwihariko, nk’abasivire batari abarwanyi, abana bafite uburenganzira bw’ibanze buteganywa mu Masezerano y’i Jeneve ya kane yo mu mwaka wa 1949 n’Inyongera yayo ya mbere yo mu mwaka wa 1977 mu gihe cy’intambara mpuzamahanga, n’Ingingo ya 3 ihuriweho n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve yo mu mwaka wa 1949 hamwe n’Inyongera yayo ya kabiri yo mu mwaka wa 1977 mu gihe cy’intambara itari mpuzamahanga. Nk’abandi basivire bose, bimwe mu byo abana bafiteho uburenganzira ni nko kuba uburenganzira bwabo bwo kubaho n’ubusugire bw’ubuzima bwabo ku mubiri no mu mutwe bugomba kubahirizwa. Banafite kandi uburenganzira bahabwa n’amategeko abarinda gukoreshwa agahato, ibihano bibabaza umubiri, ibikorwa by’urugaraguro, ibihano rusange n’ibikorwa byo kwihorera. Banarengerwa n’ingingo z’amategeko agenga intambara.</p> <p> Byongeye kandi, bitewe no kuba by’umwihariko badashobora kwirwanaho, abana barengerwa ku buryo bwihariye n’ingingo nyinshi z’amasezerano y’i Jeneve yo mu mwaka wa 1949 n’Amasezerano y’Inyongera yayo yo mu mwaka wa 1977. Iyo abana bafite uruhare rutaziguye mu mirwano, batakaza ubwo buryo rusange bwo kurengerwa buhabwa abasivire ariko bakagumana ubwo buryo bwo kurengerwa bwihariye.</p> <p>Hanyuma, amategeko mpuzahanga yerekeye uburenganzira bwa muntu ateganya imbibi ntarengwa z’uruhare rw’abana mu mirwano n’iz’iyinjizwa ryabo mu ngabo cyangwa mu dutsiko tw’abantu bitwaje intwaro. Muri ayo mategeko, harimo n’Amasezerano mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira bw’Umwana yo mu mwaka wa 1989 n’Umugereka w’ayo masezerano udahatirwa ku birebana n’ishorwa ry’abana mu ntambara yo mu mwaka wa 2000. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="section" id="section-4"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">4.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Inyandiko y’ubuhamya bwa Elvedin Pašić</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> D30</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 137020</li> <li><strong>Itariki cyakiriweho:</strong> 21 Ukwakira 2004</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Krajišnik (IT-00-39)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Muri iyo mbaga y’abantu harimo n’abahungu na bo bagize uruhare mu gukubita. Abagore bari bafite amashoka na majagu ariko bakadukubitisha imihini yabyo. Abatari bafite ikintu cyo kwifashisha badukubitishaga amaboko bakanadutera imigeri. Ni na ko badutukaga ubutitsa. […] Nagerageje kwiruka ndetse nari hafi yo kugera kuri bisi nuko haza umugore amfata mu mugongo anjugunya mu muhanda. Yari afashe icyuma nuko aravuga ati “reka nice aka gahungu k’Akabalija; abahungu banjye babiri biciwe muri Večići”. Ako kanya, haje umusirikare nuko amaze guhigika uwo mugore ahita anjugunya muri bisi. Ni njye wa nyuma winjiye muri iyo bisi.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Elvedin Pašić</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-4"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a href="files/witness-statement-elvedin-pasic.pdf" target="_blank"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/002_witness_statement_of_elvedin_pasic.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption"><span class="mict-icon icon-file-pdf-o"></span>Ubuhamya bwanditse bwashyizweho umukono</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Umutangabuhamya Elvedin Pašić yari afite imyaka 13 y’amavuko ubwo urusisiro yari atuyemo mu karere ka Kotor Varoš ho muri Bosiniya na Herizegovina rwagabwagaho igitero muri Gicurasi 1992. Mu buhamya yatanze mu rukiko mu Ukwakira 2004, Pašić yavuze uko byamugendekeye kuva ubwo yatangiye kubona abasirikare b’Abaseribe biyongera mu rusisiro yari atuyemo mbere gato y’igitero, kugera ubwo byabaye ngombwa ko avanwa muri ako gace ku ngufu nyuma y’amezi make afashwe akanafungwa n’abasirikare b’Abaseribe. </p> <p>Mu ibaza rinyomoza, Pašić yabajijwe n’Ubwunganizi bw’abaregwa kugira ngo busuzume bimwe mu byo yavuze mu buhamya bwanditse yatanze mu Ukuboza 2000, bugaragazwa aha. </p> <p>Mu bibazo Pašić yabajijwe, harimo icyo kumenya niba, ahantu henshi muri ibyo bintu yanyuzemo, yarumvaga ko abasirikare b’Abaseribe babaga bagerageza kumurindira umutekano.</p> <p> Pašić yasubije ko ari uko yabyumvaga.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Krajišnik (IT-00-39)</h3> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY rwasanze Momčilo Krajišnik, wahoze ari umwe mu bategetsi b’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya, ahamwa n’ibyaha byari bikubiyemo kwimura ku ngufu ibihumbi byinshi by’Abayisiramu n’abasivire b’Abakorowate, harimo abagore, abana, abantu bashaje.</p> <p>Mu Nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, havugwamo ko kuva ku itariki ya 18 Werurwe kugera ku ya 30 Ukuboza 1992, ingabo z’Abaseribe zagabye ibitero ku Bayisiramu no ku Bakorowate bari batuye mu migi, mu nsisiro no mu midugudu mu turere 35 two muri Bosiniya na Herizegovina, tutagiraga abaturwanirira kandi tutanarangwagamo ahantu hibasirwaga n’ibitero bya gisirikare. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze Abayisiramu n’Abakorowate baragiriwe nabi bakanicwa n’abasirikare b’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya. Akenshi abagabo barafatwaga bakajyanwa mu magereza, naho abagore n’abana bakirukanwa mu mago yabo ku ngufu bagafungwa cyangwa bagategekwa kuva mu mugi bari batuyemo. Mu magereza menshi aho Abayisiramu n’Abakorowate babaga bafungiwe bari bafite imibereho mibi cyane bikabije, nta byo kurya bihagije, nta mazi, imiti cyangwa ibikoresho by’isuku. Kenshi abafungwa barakubitwaga kandi rimwe na rimwe bagasambanywa ku gahato n’abasirikare b’Abaseribe. Abafungwa benshi barahakomerekeye, bahungabana ku mubiri no mu mutwe kandi baranaharwarira. Ibyo byaviriyemo abafungwa benshi gupfa. Byongeye kandi, abafungwa benshi bishwe bigambiriwe n’abantu bitwaraga gisirikare, abaporisi cyangwa n’abandi basirikare b’Abaseribe. </p> <p>Krajišnik yahamijwe ibyaha by’itoteza, kumenesha no kwimura ku ngufu abasivire batari Abaseribe nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyo byemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byamuhamije ibyaha.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://www.icty.org/en/case/krajisnik/4" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Krajišnik (IT-00-39) (mu cyongereza)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-picture-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Exhibit/NotIndexable/IT-00-39/ACE22082R0000138013.tif" target="_blank">Inyandiko y’ubuhamya bwa Elvedin Pašić</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href=" https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Transcript/NotIndexable/IT-00-39/TRS2094R2000169790.doc" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 21 Ukwakira 2004 (mu cyongereza)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-5"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">5.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Amajwi yafashwe kuri kasete y’ikiganiro cya Radiyo RTLM cyo ku itariki ya 31 Gicurasi 1994 n’inyandukuro y’icyo kiganiro</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P103/18C</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 7900</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 12 Nyakanga 2002</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Nahimana na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe itangazamakuru) (ICTR-99-52) </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Babeshye abana b’Abatutsi babizeza ibitangaza. Ejo nimugoroba, nagiye kureba akana k’inkotanyi kari kajugunywe mu mwobo wa metero 15. Kaje kubasha kuvamo, hanyuma kicishwa ubuhiri. Mbere yo gupfa, bagahase ibibazo gasubiza ko inkotanyi zabijeje ko zizabarihira amashuri kugera muri kaminuza. Nyamara, ibyo byashobora gukorwa umuntu atarinze gushyira mu kaga ubuzima bwe cyangwa atabanje kuyogoza igihugu. Ntitwumva rero iyo mitekerereze y’inkotanyi. Ntiziturusha intwaro, zaba into cyangwa inini. Byongeye kandi, turi benshi kuzirusha. Ndakeka ko zizashiraho niba zitisubiyeho.”</p> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-7 col-lg-offset-2"> <div class="item-wrap"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3"> <div id="jwp-dec-17-2"> <script type="text/javaScript"> var playerInstance = jwplayer("jwp-dec-17-2"); playerInstance.setup({ file: 'video/005_audio_recording_RTLMC.mp4', image: 'video/audio_recording_rtmlc-video-poster.jpg', width: '100%', aspectratio: '4:3' }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Ayo majwi y’ikiganiro yakuwe muri imwe mu makasete menshi yafatiweho ibiganiro bya radiyo RTLM yakiriwe na TPIR nk’ibimenyetso mu “rubanza rwitiriwe itangazamakuru” mu mwaka wa 2002. Porokireri yavuze ko guhamagarira abantu urwango n’urugomo bishingiye ku moko byari bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi byari bigize umurongo ngenderwaho w’ibiganiro RTLM yahitishaga mu mwaka wa 1994.</p> <p>Mu Nyandiko y’urubanza yo ku itariki ya 3 Ukuboza 2003, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze muri iki kiganiro nyirizina nta kigaragaza niba uwo mwana w’Umututsi yari afite intwaro cyangwa niba hari ingorane yashoboraga guteza. Rwanavuze ko mu kuvuga kuri urwo rupfu rubabaje rw’uwo mwana, umunyamakuru Kantano Habimana wa RTLM nta mpuhwe yagaragaje.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe itangazamakuru) (ICTR-99-52) </h3> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze ibiganiro RTLM yahitishaga n’inyandiko zasohokaga mu kinyamakuru cya Kangura byarashishikarizaga rubanda, ku buryo butaziguye, gukora jenoside bibasira Abatutsi, harimo n’abana, mu Rwanda hose. Abantu batatu bahamijwe ibyaha na TPIR kubera ibikorwa bya RTLM na Kangura: Ferdinand Nahimana, washinze RTLM kandi wari unayibereye umugenabitekerezo, Jean-Bosco Barayagwiza, umwe mu bantu bashinze ishyaka ry’Impuzamugambi ziharanira Repubulika (CDR), na Hassan Ngeze, umwanditsi mukuru w’ikinyamakuru Kangura.</p> <p>Mu Nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, havugwamo ko RTLM na Kangura byitaga Abatutsi “abanzi”, harimo n’abana, hanyuma bakicwa. Mu guharabika Abatutsi nk’abantu b’abagome muri kamere yabo, bityo ko umuntu wese wo muri ubwo bwoko ari “umwanzi”, RTLM na Kangura byahamagariye rubanda gutsemba Abatutsi, abana babo n’abagore batwite abana b’Abatutsi mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ibibazo bya poritike bavugaga ko byaterwaga n’Abatutsi.</p> <p>Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyemezo byo mu rw’iremezo byari byarahamije icyaha Nahimana kubera guhamagarira abantu mu buryo butaziguye kandi mu ruhame gukora jenoside kubera ibiganiro RTLM yahitishije nyuma y’itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, n’itoteza nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. Rwanemeje ibyemezo byo mu rw’iremezo byari byarahamije icyaha Barayagwiza kubera jenoside, itsembatsemba n’itoteza nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu. Hanyuma, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyemezo byo mu rw’iremezo byari byarahamije icyaha Ngeze kubera gushyigikira ikorwa rya jenoside muri Gisenyi, guhamagarira abantu mu buryo butaziguye kandi mu ruhame gukora jenoside binyuze mu nyandiko yatangazaga muri Kangura mu mwaka wa 1994 no gushyigikira itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://unictr.irmct.org/rw/cases/ictr-99-52" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Nahimana na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe itangazamakuru) (ICTR-99-52)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-pdf-o"></span> <a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/196639/file/document" target="_blank"> Amajwi yafashwe kuri kasete y’ikiganiro cya Radiyo RTLM cyo ku itariki ya 31 Gicurasi 1994 n’inyandukuro y’icyo kiganiro</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-6"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">6.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Iperereza ry’Ibiro bya Porokireri wa TPIY ku mabombe yarashwe kuri Alipašino Polje ku itariki ya 22 Mutarama 1994</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P3281F</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 38574</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 6 Gicurasi 2002</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Galić (IT-98-29)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Twarimo dukina ku tuntu tugenda ku rubura nuko tuba twumvise amabombe agwa. Twumvaga aturikiye hafi kubera urusaku rukaze rw’amabombe, nuko tugira ubwoba dutangira guhunga. Tutaragera ariko ku marembo y’inyubako, ikibombe cyahise kigwa inyuma yacu. Cyahitanye Daniel Juranić, kinkomeretsa ku mutwe, ku kuguru no ku kuboko, kinakomeretsa Admir n’Elvir.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Muhamed Kapetanović</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-7 col-lg-offset-2"> <div class="item-wrap"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3"> <div id="jwp-dec-17-3"> <script type="text/javaScript"> var playerInstance = jwplayer("jwp-dec-17-3"); playerInstance.setup({ file: 'video/006_witness_muhamed_kapetanovic.mp4', image: 'video/witness_muhamed_kapetanovic-video-poster.jpg', width: '100%', aspectratio: '4:3' }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Umutangabuhamya Muhamed Kapetanović yari afite imyaka 10 ku itariki ya 22 Mutarama 1994 agace yari atuyemo, k’ahitwa Alipašino Polje muri Sarajevo, muri Bosiniya na Herizegovina, kasutsweho ibibombe ubwo yarimo akina na bagenzi be ku rubura.</p> <p>Kapetanović yatanze ubuhamya muri TPIY avuga ko kwa muganga bamubaze ku kuguru incuro zirindwi kandi ko yamaze imyaka ibiri mu gihugu cy’u Butaliyani ahavurirwa ibikomere bikomeye yari afite. Iyi videwo yerekanwa aha yakozwe n’Ibiro bya Porokireri hashize imyaka igera kuri irindwi nyuma y’iraswa ry’ayo mabombe, mu mwaka wa 2001, ubwo Kapetanović yari afite imyaka 17 y’amavuko. Muri iyi videwo, Kapetanović yerekana ahantu we na bagenzi be barimo bakinira amabombe ataratangira kwisuka, ahantu bombe yaguye ku butaka, ahantu yakomeretse n’icyerekezo yirukiyemo amabombe atangiye kwisuka. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Galić (IT-98-29)</h3> <p>Uru rubanza rwari rwerekeranye n’ibintu byabaye muri Sarajevo no mu duce tuyikikije, kuva muri Nzeri 1992 kugera muri Kanama 1994. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY rwahamije Stanislav Galić, komanda w’ingabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya, icyaha kijyanye no kuba yarayoboye ibitero byibasiye abasivire. Ibyo yabikoze ahanini agambiriye gukwirakwiza iterabwoba mu baturage ba Sarajevo.</p> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, abasivire b’i Sarajevo baribasiwe n’ibitero by’ingabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya. Abatangabuhamya batanze ubuhamya bavuga ko bagabweho ibitero byinshi mu duce bari batuyemo, ndetse bakanagabwaho ibitero bari mu mihango yo gushyingura abapfuye, bari mu mamodoka y’imbangukiragutabara, mu mamodoka atwara abagenzi nk’ayitwa taramu, amabisi, cyangwa se bagenda ku magare. Banagabwegaho ibitero bari mu mirima bahinga, bari mu masoko bahaha cyangwa bakora imirimo yo gusukura umugi. Abana bagabwagaho ibitero barimo bakina cyangwa bagenda mu mihanda y’imigenderano.</p> <p>Galić yahamijwe ibyaha by’ibikorwa by’urugomo, ahanini byari bigamije gukwirakwiza iterabwoba mu baturage, icyaha cy’ubuhotozi n’ibindi bikorwa birenze kamere nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byari byamuhamije ibyaha.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://www.icty.org/en/case/galic/4" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Galić (IT-98-29) (mu cyongereza)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Exhibit/Indexable/IT-98-29/ACE4429R0000038928.mpg" target="_blank">Iperereza ry’Ibiro bya Porokireri wa TPIY ku mabombe yarashwe kuri Alipašino Polje ku itariki ya 22 Mutarama 1994</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span> <a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Transcript/NotIndexable/IT-98-29/TRS401R2000083151.doc" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 6 Gicurasi 2004 (mu cyongereza)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="intermezzo" id="intermezzo-2"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h2>Abana nk’abakoze ibyaha</h2> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-7 col-md-offset-3"> <p>Muri Sitati ya TPIY cyangwa iya TPIR, ntihavugwamo ko ububasha bw’izo nkiko bugomba kugarukira ku bantu bari bafite imyaka 18 cyangwa bari bayirengeje igihe ibyaha byakorewe. </p> <p> Cyakora, nta bana barezwe muri TPIY cyangwa TPIR nk’abakoze ibyaha.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="section" id="section-7"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">7.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Ubuhamya bwanditse PW38 yatanze mu cyongereza: Brent Beardsley</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> DB72A</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 9638</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 4 Gashyantare 2004</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Bagosora na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe Abasirikare I) (ICTR-98-41) </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Ndibuka ko narebye hepfo, hari umugore wari wagerageje kurengera uruhinja rwe. Hari umuntu wari wamukuyeho urwo ruhinja rwe. Urwo ruhinja rwari rukiri ruzima rugerageza konka amabere ya nyina.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Majoru Brent Beardsley</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-5 col-md-offset-0"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/197336/file/document" target="_blank"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/005_bagosora_statement_bb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption"><span class="mict-icon icon-file-pdf-o"></span>Ubuhamya bwanditse bwashyizweho umukono</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-7 col-md-offset-0"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Majoru Brent Beardsley yatanze ubuhamya muri TPIR mu “Rubanza rwitiriwe abasirikare I” avuga ku byo yiboneye ubwo yari mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1993 no mu wa 1994 ubwo yari umunyamabanga wihariye wa Jenerari Roméo Dallaire mu Ngabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zishinzwe kubungabunga amahoro mu Rwanda (MINUAR). Majoru Beardsley yatanze ubuhamya ku bintu binyuranye, harimo ubuhamya ku byo yiboneye incuro ebyiri hicwa abana n’izindi mpunzi. </p> <p>Mu buhamya bwe, Majoru Beardsley yavuze ko ubwa mbere yabonye imirambo y’abana bari banizwe mu misozi yo mu karere k’ibirunga mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba bw’u Rwanda mu ntangiriro z’Ukuboza 1993. Majoru Beardsley yavuze kandi ko, ku ncuro ya kabiri, yageze kuri Paruwase ya Gikondo muri Perefegitura ya Kigali ku itariki ya 9 Kamena 1994 agasanga akayira kerekezaga kuri paruwase kuzuyemo imirambo y’abana, naho mu kiriziya ubwaho harimo imirambo irenga 150.</p> <p>Inyandiko y’ubuhamya ivugwa aha, hamwe n’ubuhamya Majoru Beardsley yatangiye mu Rukiko, yakoreshejwe n’Ubwunganizi bw’Aloys Ntabakuze mu guhakana ibyo Porokireri yavugaga ko batayo y’abaparakomando, yari iyobowe na Ntabakuze icyo gihe, yarimo ikorera muri ako gace mu gihe ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwase ya Gikondo bwabaga. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze ubwo buhamya bushinja butagaragaza bihagije ko abasirikare bo muri batayo y’abaparakomando bagize uruhare muri icyo gitero.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe abasirikare I) (ICTR-98-41)</h3> <p>Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwasanze abasirikare bakuru batatu b’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda, Théoneste Bagosora, Aloys Ntabakuze n’Anatole Nsengiyumva, bahamwa n’ibyaha byerekeranye n’iyicwa ry’abantu bari bakomeye n’abanyaporitike batavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi mu Rwanda, ubwicanyi bwabereye ahantu hanyuranye mu gace ka Kigali no muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, n’iyicwa ry’abasirikare b’Ababiligi bo muri MINUAR babungabungaga amahoro bishwe nyuma yo kwamburwa intwaro. Uregwa wa kane, Gratien Kabiligi, yagizwe umwere ku byaha byose yaregwaga. </p> <p>Abenshi mu bakorewe ibyaha bari abasivire b’Abatutsi biciwe mu mago yabo, ahantu abantu bari mu makuba bahungiraga nko mu nsengero no mu bigo by’amashuri, cyangwa ku mabariyeri mu nzira barimo bahungira aho hantu bitewe n’imirwano yubuye cyangwa ibindi bitero. Mu nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, hanavugwa ku buhamya bwatanzwe n’umwe mu batangabuhamya bashinja, wavuze ko “imirambo y’abana, yari yatemagujwe imihoro, yari yuzuye mu nzira inyura kuri iyo nyubako.” </p> <p>Bagosora yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ubuhotozi, itsembatsemba, itoteza, gusambanya ku gahato n’ibindi bikorwa birenze kamere muntu) n’ibyaha binyuranyije bikomeye n’Ingingo ya 3 ihuriweho n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve hamwe n’Inyongera yayo ya 2 (ibikorwa byangiza ubuzima n’ibihungabanya agaciro k’umuntu). Ntabakuze yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ubuhotozi, itsembatsemba, itoteza, n’ibindi bikorwa birenze kamere muntu) n’ibyaha binyuranyije bikomeye n’Ingingo ya 3 ihuriweho n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve hamwe n’Inyongera yayo ya II (ibikorwa byangiza ubuzima). Nsengiyumva yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (itsembatsemba n’itoteza) n’ibikorwa byangiza ubuzima nk’ibyaha binyuranyije bikomeye n’Ingingo ya 3 ihuriweho n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve hamwe n’Inyongera yayo ya II. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byahamije ibyaha abaregwa.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://unictr.irmct.org/rw/cases/ictr-98-41" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Bagosora na bagenzi be (Urubanza rwitiriwe Abasirikare I) (ICTR-98-41)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-pdf-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/197336/file/document" target="_blank">Ubuhamya bwanditse PW38 yatanze mu cyongereza: Brent Beardsley</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/197336/file/document" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 3 Gashyantare 2004 (mu cyongereza)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-8"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">8.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Ibisobanuro byanditswe ku bimenyetso gihamya n’umutangabuhamya Berisha mu rukiko ku itariki ya 2 Gashyantare 2009 n’Igiti cy’amasano kigaragaza igice kimwe cy’umuryango wa Berisha</h1> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Ibisobanuro byanditswe ku bimenyetso gihamya n’umutangabuhamya Berisha " data-rel="lightcase:Berisha:slideshow" href="images/berisha/008_marking-made-by-witness-berisha.jpg"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/berisha/008_marking-made-by-witness-berisha_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Ibisobanuro byanditswe ku bimenyetso gihamya n’umutangabuhamya Berisha </p> </div>  <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P00275</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 300563</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 4 Gashyantare 2009</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Đorđević (IT-05-87/1)</li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <div class="item-wrap"> <a title="Igiti cy’amasano kigaragaza igice kimwe cy’umuryango wa Berisha " data-rel="lightcase:Berisha:slideshow" href="images/berisha/008_berisha-family-tree.jpg"><img class="img-responsive" src="images/berisha/008_berisha-family-tree_thumb.jpg" /></a> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <p class="item-caption">Igiti cy’amasano kigaragaza igice kimwe cy’umuryango wa Berisha </p> </div>  <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P00272</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 303452</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 2 Gashyantare 2009</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Đorđević (IT-05-87/1)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Abana banjye baraje nuko Altin arambwira ati “Mama, bankomerekeje”. Yarimo avirirana amaraso ku kuboko. Hanyuma aravuga ati “Mama, abaporisi bandashe ariko bampushije. Ibara ry’uruhu rwe ryari ryahindutse, yijimye. Umutima we warimo udihagura. Barasaga n’abana babaga barimo biruka bahunga. Bidatinze, hari abaporisi baje badutegeka kwinjira muri resitora yari aho. Harimo ameza, nuko twese twinjiramo. Badutegetse kwicara, nuko tukimara kwicara baratangira bararasa ubutitsa. Barashe amasasu menshi, bakoresheje imbunda zirasa urufaya.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Shyhrete Berisha</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Umubare “1” mu ibara ritukura ku kimenyetso gihamya cyahawe nomero P00275, ifoto yafatiwe mu kirere y’akarere ka Suva Reka muri Kosovo, wanditsweho na Shyhrete Berisha yerekana aho we n’abavandimwe be, harimo n’abana be, bajyanywe muri resitora bakaraswa n’itsinda ry’abaporisi ku itariki ya 26 Werurwe 1999.</p> <p>Mu buhamya bwe, Berisha avuga ko, ku bavandimwe be 31 bari kumwe na we muri iyo resitora uwo munsi, batatu ari bo bonyine barokotse. Muri abo bavandimwe be biciwe muri iyo resitora, 15 bari abana bafite imyaka 17 y’amavuko no munsi yayo. Umuto kurusha abandi muri abo bahiciwe, Eron, yari amaze amezi 10 avutse. Ikimenyetso gihamya cyahawe nomero P00272, igice cy’igishushanyo ndangamasano cy’umuryango wa Berisha, kigaragaza abari muri iyo resitora uwo munsi mu nyuguti z’ubururu kikanagaragaza imyaka y’amavuko ya buri umwe muri bo.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Đorđević (IT-05-87/1) </h3> <p>Vlastimir Đorđević, wahoze ari umuporisi mukuru mu giporisi cya Seribiya, yahamijwe ibyaha n’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY kubera uruhare yagize mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho wari ugamije guhindura imibare y’abagize amoko atuye muri Kosovo kugira ngo ubwoko bw’Abaseribe abe ari bwo buganza ayandi muri icyo gihugu. Nk’uko bivugwa mu nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa uwo mugambi, hashyizweho gahunda y’iterabwoba yasakaye hose n’ibikorwa by’urugomo byakorerwaga Abanyarubaniya bo muri Kosovo mu mwaka wa 1999, byari birimo ibyaha byo kubamenesha mu gihugu, ubuhotozi, ibindi bikorwa birenze kamere (kubimura ku ngufu aho bari batuye) n’itoteza.</p> <p>Byongeye kandi, mu nyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, hagaragaramo ko Đorđević yari azi ku buryo burambuye ibintu byabaye, kandi ko yagize uruhare rw’ingenzi mu kuyobora ibikorwa by’abasirikare bacungwaga na Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu ya Seribiya kimwe n’umurava bakoranye mu guhisha ibimenyetso by’ubwo bwicanyi bwibasiye Abanyarubaniya bo muri Kosovo. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze kandi Đorđević ku giti cye yaragize uruhare rutaziguye mu gukoresha imitwe yitwaraga gisirikare mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko muri Kosovo, harimo abitwaga “Scorpions”, bagize uruhare rutaziguye mu kurasa abagore n’abana 19 b’Abanyarubaniya bo muri Kosovo mu karere ka Podujevo/Podujeve, bakicamo abantu 14. </p> <p>Đorđević yahamijwe icyaha cyo kumenesha abantu mu gihugu, ibindi bikorwa birenze kamere (kwimura ku ngufu abantu aho bari batuye), ubuhotozi, itoteza rishigiye ku bwoko nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, n’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyo kunyuranya n’amategeko cyangwa n’umuco bikurikizwa mu ntambara. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyo byemezo byari byamuhamije icyaha mu rw’iremezo. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire, mu kwemera impamvu y’ubujurire ya Porokireri, rwasanze Đorđević ahamwa n’icyaha cy’itoteza nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu kubera ubugizi bwa nabi bushingiye ku gitsina yagiriye umukobwa w’Umunyarubaniya wo muri Kosovo, abagore babiri bakiri bato, n’abandi bagore babiri.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://www.icty.org/en/case/djordjevic/4" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Đorđević (IT-05/87/1) (mu cyongereza)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-picture-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Exhibit/Indexable/IT-05-87%231/ACE77060R0000302347.tif " target="_blank">Ibisobanuro byanditswe ku bimenyetso gihamya n’umutangabuhamya Berisha mu rukiko ku itariki ya 2 Gashyantare 2009 </a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-picture-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Exhibit/Indexable/IT-05-87%231/ACE78435R0000305236.jpg" target="_blank">Igiti cy’amasano kigaragaza igice kimwe cy’umuryango wa Berisha </a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span><a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Transcript/NotIndexable/IT-05-87%231/TRS8041R0000255504.doc" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 4 Gashyantare 2009 (mu cyongereza)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="intermezzo" id="intermezzo-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h2>Ubukemuramanza bw’inkiko</h2> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-7 col-md-offset-3"> <p> Ubukemuramanza bwa TPIY n’ubwa TPIR bwagize uruhare mu gushimangira ukurindwa kw’abana mu gihe cy’intambara.</p> <p>By’umwihariko, imanza zaciwe na TPIY na TPIR zafashe ko, mu igena ry’ibihano, kuba abakorewe ibyaha bari bakiri bato no kuba abana badashobora kwirwanaho kubera intege nke zabo bifatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano. Mu rubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY rwasanze ko kuba bamwe mu bakorewe ibyaha bari bakiri bato (ahanini, bafite hagati y’imyaka 15 na 19) no kuba umwe mu bakorewe ibyaha yari muto cyane (yari afite hafi imyaka 12) byagombaga gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano. Mu rubanza rwa Blaškić, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIY rwasanze ko ukwibasirwa kw’abagore n’abana mu baturage rusange byagombaga gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR na rwo rwafashe icyemezo nk’icyo mu rubanza rwa Muhimana. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="section" id="section-9"> <div id="section-9-back"></div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">9.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Ifoto yafatiwe mu kirere ya sitade [n’ibitaro]</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P23</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 24</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 11 Mata 1997</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Kayishema na bagenzi be (ICTR-95-1)</li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p>Umutangabuhamya wiswe O yari umuganga wakoraga mu Bitaro bya Kibuye muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye, mu Rwanda, muri Mata no muri Gicurasi 1994. Mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko icyo gihe, abana b’Abatutsi 72 bari barokotse ubwicanyi bwabereye mu kigo cya Home Saint-Jean bajyanywe ku bitaro aho O yakoraga. Abo bana bari mu kigero cy’imyaka iri hagati y’umunani na 15 kandi banegekaye. </p> <p>Mu buhamya bwe imbere ya TPIR, O yavuze ko ku itariki ya 3 Gicurasi 1994 yagiye mu nama yarimo abategetsi ba Reta aho yagaragaje impungenge ku mutekano w’abo bana bari mu bitaro nyuma y’aho Interahamwe zari zashatse kubagirira nabi. Muri iyo nama, Minisitiri w’Itangazamakuru yamutonganyije kubera izo mpungenge yagize hanyuma yumvikanisha ko abo bana bafatwaga nk’abanzi. Ageze ku bitaro avuye muri iyo nama, O yahise amenya ko abo bana basohowe mu bitaro ku ngufu bakicwa. </p> <p>Ifoto, yafatiwe mu kirere yerekanwa aha, iriho sitade yo mu mugi wa Kibuye, ahapfiriye ibihumbi by’abagabo, abagore n’abana, n’ibitaro bya Kibuye, biri inyuma gato ya Sitade. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Kayishema na bagenzi be (ICTR-95-1)</h3> <p>Uru rubanza rwari rwerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwabereye muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye kuva muri Mata kugera muri Kamena 1994 kuri Sitade, ku Kiriziya y’Abanyagatorika no mu kigo cya Home Saint-Jean mu mugi wa Kibuye, ku rusengero rwa Mubuga, no mu gace ka Bisesero. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa TPIR rwahamije icyaha Clément Kayishema, wari Perefe wa Kibuye, na Obed Ruzindana, wari umucuruzi, kubera ibyabereye aho hantu. </p> <p>Urugereko rwa mbere rw’iremezo rwasanze abagabo, abagore n’abana b’Abatutsi benshi barahunze ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorwa muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye. By’umwihariko, abantu bagera ku bihumbi 8 bahungiye muri icyo kigo, hagati y’ibihumbi 5 na 27 bahungira muri sitade, naho abari hagati y’ibihumbi 4 na 5.500 bahungira mu rusengero rwa Mubuga. Ababarirwa mu bihumbi mirongo bahungiye mu gace ka Bisesero. Rwanzuye ko usibye no kuba harishwe Abatutsi “batagira ingano”, ikindi kigaragara ni uko ubwicanyi bwakozwe “nta kuvangura igitsina cyangwa imyaka y’amavuko. Abagabo, abagore, abasaza n’abakecuru n’abakiri bato bishwe nta kubabarira. Abana biciwe mu maso y’ababyeyi babo n’abagore basambanywa ku gahato mu maso y’abantu bo mu miryango yabo. Nta Mututsi baretse, habe n’uwari ufite intege nke cyangwa umugore utwite.”</p> <p>Urugereko rwa mbere rw’Iremezo rwemeye kandi nk’ikimenyetso inyandukuro y’amagambo y’imwe mu “ndirimbo z’itsembatsemba” yaririmbwaga n’abari mu mitwe y’Abahutu yitwaraga gisirikare. Iyo ndirimbo yashishikarizaga abagabaga ibitero kutagira n’umuntu ushaje n’umwe basiga ndetse n’impinja kubera ko Paul Kagame (icyo gihe wari uyoboye ingabo za FPR) yari yaravuye mu Rwanda ari umwana.</p> <p>Kayishema yahamijwe ibyaha bine bya jenoside. Ruzindana yahamijwe icyaha kimwe cya jenoside. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ibyo byemezo by’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo byari byahamije icyaha abaregwa.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://unictr.irmct.org/rw/cases/ictr-95-1" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Kayishema na bagenzi be (ICTR-95-1)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-picture-o"></span><a href="https://jrad.irmct.org/HPRMServiceAPI/Record/195375/file/document" target="_blank">Ifoto yafatiwe mu kirere ya sitade [n’ibitaro]</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="section" id="section-10"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h1 class="section-number">10.</h1> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h1 class="section-title">Videwo yerekana inkambi y’abarokotse ubwicanyi bwabereye i Srebrenica</h1> </div> <div class="col-xs-12"> <hr class="short-line" /> <ul class="item-info"> <li><strong>Nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya:</strong> P386</li> <li><strong>Nomero y’inyandiko:</strong> 83677</li> <li><strong>Itariki ikimenyetso cyakiriweho:</strong> 26 Nyakanga 2000</li> <li><strong>Urubanza rwa:</strong> Krstić (IT-98-33)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <blockquote class="item-quote"> <p>“Uburyo bw’imibereho? Sinavuga ko byari uburyo bw’imibereho kubera ko nta mibereho yari muri iyo nkambi. Nk’uko mwabibonye, baba mu twumba duto, duto rwose. Nta mibereho bwite bagiraga, mbese nta buryo busanzwe bukwiye bari bafite, cyane cyane ku bana, bwo gukuriramo muri iyo nkambi.”</p> <hr class="short-line-dotted" /> <span class="item-quote-caption">Umutangabuhamya witwa Jasna Zečević</span> </blockquote> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-7 col-lg-offset-2"> <div class="item-wrap"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3"> <div id="jwp-dec-17-4"> <script type="text/javaScript"> var playerInstance = jwplayer("jwp-dec-17-4"); playerInstance.setup({ file: 'video/10_srebrenica_settlement.mp4', image: 'video/srebrenica_settlement-video-poster.jpg', width: '100%', aspectratio: '4:3' }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <p> Ubwo yatangaga ubuhamya bwe muri Nyakanga 2000 muri TPIY, Jasna Zečević yari umuyobozi mukuru wa Vive Žene, umuryango udaharanira inyungu washyiriweho gufasha mu isanamitima ku bagore n’abana bahohotewe kubera intambara. Mu buhamya bwe, Zečević yavuze ku bibazo abagore n’abana bahuye na byo nyuma yo guhura n’ihahamuka batewe n’intambara, n’urugamba barwanye rwo kongera gusubira mu mirimo y’ibanze y’ubuzima mu gihe bari mu makambi y’impunzi.</p> <p>Iyi videwo, yakozwe muri Kamena 2000 mu gihe cy’iperereza rya Porokireri, yerekana inkambi ya Špionica muri Srebrenica, ho muri Bosniya na Herizegovina, icyo gihe yarimo abantu bagera kuri 500 mu mazu 20. Nk’uko Zečević abivuga muri iyi videwo, buri muryango w’abantu bane cyangwa batanu wahabwaga icyumba kimwe muri imwe muri ayo mazu, naho ubwiherero n’igikoni bakabihuriraho n’abandi.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="section-text"> <h3>Urubanza rwa Krstić (IT-98-33)</h3> <p>Uru rubanza rwari rwerekeranye n’ibintu byabereye i Srebrenica hagati ya Nyakanga n’Ugushyingo 1995. Radislav Krstić, komanda w’umutwe w’ingabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya witwaga Drina Corps, yahamijwe ibyaha bijyanye n’ishimutwa ry’abagore, abana n’abantu bashaje b’Abanyabosiniya mu karere ka Srebrenica, n’iyicwa riri kuri gahunda ry’abagabo n’abahungu b’Abayisiramu ibihumbi 7 bo muri Bosiniya nyuma y’aho ingabo z’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya zigaruriye Srebrenica.</p> <p>Mu gusubiramo urwo rubanza, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwa TPIY rwasanze Krstić yari azi ko ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorwa kandi ko yemereye itsinda ry’abofisiye bari bagize urwego rukuru rw’igisirikare cy’Abaseribe bo muri Bosiniya gukoresha abasirikare n’ibikoresho yari ashinzwe kugira ngo yorohereze abakoraga ubwo bwicanyi. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gushyigikira mu gukora icyaha cya jenoside, gushyigikira ubuhotozi bifatwa nk’icyaha cyo kunyuranya n’amategeko cyangwa n’umuco bikurikizwa mu ntambara, gushyigikira itsembatsemba n’itoteza nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, itoteza n’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyo kunyuranya n’amategeko cyangwa n’umuco bikurikizwa mu ntambara.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-3"> <hr class="short-line" /> <div class="explore-more"> <h4>Reba n’ibindi</h4> <ul> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-share"></span><a href="https://www.icty.org/en/case/krstic/4" target="_blank">Urubanza rwa: Krstić (IT-98-33) (mu cyongereza)</a></li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-video-o"></span> <a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/BCS/Exhibit/Indexable/IT-98-33/ACE16009R0000084375.mpg" target="_blank">Videwo yerekana inkambi y’abarokotse ubwicanyi bwabereye i Srebrenica </a> </li> <li><span class="mict-icon icon-file-word-o"></span> <a href="https://icr.icty.org/LegalRef/CMSDocStore/Public/English/Transcript/NotIndexable/IT-98-33/TRS1668R0000225498.doc" target="_blank">Inyandikomvugo itari ibanga y’iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 26 Nyakanga 2000 (mu cyongereza)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="section-line-divider" />  <div class="intermezzo" id="intermezzo-4"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 col-md-9 col-md-offset-2"> <hr class="short-line-orange" /> <h4><em>Umucamanza Theodor Meron, Perezida wa MICT:</em></h4> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-7 col-md-offset-3"> <blockquote>"Bitewe n’uko abana n’abandi basivire bakomeza kugenda bibasirwa n’ibikorwa by’urugomo biri kuri gahunda mu ntambara ku isi yose, tugomba kwibuka akamaro ko gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara yubahirizwe, kubera ko ayo mategeko arengera abantu badafite uruhare mu ntambara, harimo n’abana. Inkiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha zagize uruhare rw’ingenzi mu gushimangira urwego amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara agomba gukoreshwamo n’aho agomba kugarukira no mu gusobanura neza ko abatubahirije ayo mategeko bagomba kubiryozwa"</blockquote> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <footer> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="footer"> <p>Umuryango w'Abibumbye <br />Urwego Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Gukora Imirimo y'Insigarira y'Inkiko Mpanabyaha <br /><strong>Imurikanyandiko ku rubuga rwa interineti - Abana mu ntambara</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="js/jquery.events.touch.js"></script> <script src="js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="js/jasny-bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="lightcase/src/js/lightcase.js"></script> <script src="js/scrollreveal.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function ($) { //hide right menu on click $(".hide-menu").click(function () { $('#myNavmenu').offcanvas('hide'); }); //lightbox $('a[data-rel^=lightcase]').lightcase(); //scroll reveal & other animations window.sr = ScrollReveal(); sr.reveal('.opening-photo-slice', { duration: 1900 }, 65); /*sr.reveal('.section-title', { origin: 'left', distance: '220px', duration: 1080, scale: 0.9, reset: true });*/ sr.reveal('.section-title', { origin: 'left', distance: '40px', duration: 1280, scale: 1, viewFactor: 1, reset: true }); sr.reveal('.item-quote', { origin: 'bottom', distance: '20px', duration: 1000, scale: 1, viewFactor: 0.29, reset: true }); sr.reveal('.intermezzo', { origin: 'bottom', distance: '50px', duration: 1500, scale: 0.8, viewFactor: 0.29, reset: true }); }); </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-1CKT0BYYS6"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-1CKT0BYYS6'); </script> </body> </html>

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