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<li id="toc-1929–1938:_American_Record_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1929–1938:_American_Record_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1929–1938: American Record Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1929–1938:_American_Record_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1938–1970:_Columbia/CBS_Records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1938–1970:_Columbia/CBS_Records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1938–1970: Columbia/CBS Records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1938–1970:_Columbia/CBS_Records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1971–1991:_CBS_Records_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1971–1991:_CBS_Records_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1971–1991: CBS Records Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1971–1991:_CBS_Records_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991–2004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991–2004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1991–2004: Sony Music Entertainment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991–2004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2004–2008:_Sony_BMG" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004–2008:_Sony_BMG"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>2004–2008: Sony BMG</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004–2008:_Sony_BMG-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008–present:_Sony_Music_revival_and_restructuring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008–present:_Sony_Music_revival_and_restructuring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>2008–present: Sony Music revival and restructuring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008–present:_Sony_Music_revival_and_restructuring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sony_Music_Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sony_Music_Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sony Music Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sony_Music_Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sony_Music_UK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sony_Music_UK"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sony Music UK</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sony_Music_UK-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sony_Music_Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sony_Music_Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sony Music Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sony_Music_Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Criticism and controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Criticism and controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-CD_price_fixing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CD_price_fixing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>CD price fixing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CD_price_fixing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-George_Michael" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_Michael"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>George Michael</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_Michael-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Michael_Jackson_and_Tommy_Mottola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Michael_Jackson_and_Tommy_Mottola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Michael Jackson and Tommy Mottola</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Michael_Jackson_and_Tommy_Mottola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prosecution_of_copyright_infringement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prosecution_of_copyright_infringement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Prosecution of copyright infringement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prosecution_of_copyright_infringement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kesha_v._Dr._Luke_and_2016_boycott" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kesha_v._Dr._Luke_and_2016_boycott"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Kesha v. Dr. Luke and 2016 boycott</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kesha_v._Dr._Luke_and_2016_boycott-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Sony_Music_Entertainment_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Sony_Music_Entertainment_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of Sony Music Entertainment labels</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_Sony_Music_Entertainment_labels-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of Sony Music Entertainment labels subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_Sony_Music_Entertainment_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flagship_record_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flagship_record_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Flagship record labels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flagship_record_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genre-limited_record_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genre-limited_record_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Genre-limited record labels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genre-limited_record_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Previously_affiliated_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Previously_affiliated_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Previously affiliated labels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Previously_affiliated_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sony Music</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 59 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A" title="سوني للترفيه الموسيقي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوني للترفيه الموسيقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="سونی میوزیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سونی میوزیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="সনি মিউজিক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সনি মিউজিক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Сони Мюзик Ентъртейнмънт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сони Мюзик Ентъртейнмънт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="سونی میوزیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سونی میوزیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%8B%88_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%EC%97%94%ED%84%B0%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B8%EB%A8%BC%ED%8A%B8" title="소니 뮤직 엔터테인먼트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소니 뮤직 엔터테인먼트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सोनी म्यूजिक एंटरटेनमेंट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोनी म्यूजिक एंटरटेनमेंट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7" title="סוני מיוזיק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוני מיוזיק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="സോണി മ്യൂസിക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോണി മ്യൂസിക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%83" title="سونى ميوزيك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سونى ميوزيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%90_%E1%80%96%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ဆိုနီ တေးဂီတ ဖျော်ဖြေရေး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆိုနီ တေးဂီတ ဖျော်ဖြေရေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%86%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88_(%E7%B1%B3%E5%9B%BD)" title="ソニー・ミュージックエンタテインメント (米国) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソニー・ミュージックエンタテインメント (米国)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4" title="ਸੋਨੀ ਸੰਗੀਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੋਨੀ ਸੰਗੀਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="سۆنی میووزیک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سۆنی میووزیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="โซนี่มิวสิกเอ็นเตอร์เทนเมนต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โซนี่มิวสิกเอ็นเตอร์เทนเมนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" title="Sony Music Entertainment – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Sony Music Entertainment" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sony Music" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90" title="索尼音乐娱乐 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="索尼音乐娱乐" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82" title="索尼音樂娛樂 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="索尼音樂娛樂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82" title="索尼音樂娛樂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="索尼音樂娛樂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56760250#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Japanese operations using this name, see <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Sony Music Entertainment Japan</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Sony Music Entertainment</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/140px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/210px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/280px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="856" data-file-height="797" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo used since 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metropolitan_Life_North_Building,_Manhattan,_New_York_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg/200px-Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg/300px-Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg/400px-Metropolitan_Life_North_Building%2C_Manhattan%2C_New_York_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="2776" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building" title="Metropolitan Life North Building">25 Madison Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Record_Corporation" title="American Record Corporation">American Record Corporation</a> (1929–1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records, USA</a> (1938–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records</a> (1966–1991)</li> <li><a href="#1991–2004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment">Sony Music Entertainment, Inc.</a> (first incarnation; 1991–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG Music Entertainment</a> (2004–2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Music</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category">Various</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessors</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Talking_Machine_Company" title="Victor Talking Machine Company">Victor Talking Machine Company</a> (1906–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="RCA Victor">RCA Victor</a> (1924–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariola" title="Ariola">Ariola Records</a> (1937–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a> (1985–2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 9, 1929<span class="noprint">; 95 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1929-09-09</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Louis G. Sylvester</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building" title="Metropolitan Life North Building">25 Madison Avenue</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Rob_Stringer" title="Rob Stringer">Rob Stringer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">Music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">Entertainment</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$8.86 billion<sup id="cite_ref-FY2020_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FY2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (FY 2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$1.74 billion<sup id="cite_ref-FY2020_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FY2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (FY 2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,100 (2023<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> (1938–1988)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sony_Corporation_of_America" title="Sony Corporation of America">Sony Corporation of America</a> (1988–2012)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment" title="Sony Entertainment">Sony Entertainment</a> (2012–2019)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Group" title="Sony Music Group">Sony Music Group</a> (2019–present)<sup id="cite_ref-Sony_Pictures_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sony_Pictures-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">See <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_Music_labels" title="List of Sony Music labels">List of Sony Music Entertainment labels</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.com/">www<wbr />.sonymusic<wbr />.com</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56760250#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sony Music Entertainment</b> (<b>SME</b>), commonly known as <b>Sony Music</b>, is an American multinational <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">music company</a> owned by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment" title="Sony Entertainment">Sony Entertainment</a> and managed by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Corporation_of_America" title="Sony Corporation of America">the American umbrella division</a> of multinational <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony Group Corporation</a>. It is the recording division of <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Group" title="Sony Music Group">Sony Music Group</a>, with the other half being the publishing division, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Founded in 1929 as <a href="/wiki/American_Record_Corporation" title="American Record Corporation">American Record Corporation</a>, it was acquired by the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Broadcasting_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Broadcasting System">Columbia Broadcasting System</a> in 1938 and renamed <b>Columbia Recording Corporation</b>. In 1966, the company was reorganized to become <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records</a>. Sony bought the company in 1988 and renamed it SME in 1991. In 2004, Sony and <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann" title="Bertelsmann">Bertelsmann</a> established a 50–50 joint venture known as <a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG</a> to handle the operations of Sony Music and <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a> (BMG), but Sony bought out Bertelsmann's stake four years later and reverted to using the 1991 company name. This buyout led to labels formerly under BMG ownership, including <a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jive_Records" title="Jive Records">Jive</a>, <a href="/wiki/LaFace_Records" title="LaFace Records">LaFace</a> and <a href="/wiki/J_Records" title="J Records">J Records</a> into former BMG and currently Sony's co-flagship record label, <a href="/wiki/RCA_Records" title="RCA Records">RCA Records</a>, in 2011 and led to the relaunch of BMG as <a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG Rights Management</a>. Arista Records would later be revived in 2018. </p><p>On July 17, 2019, Sony announced a merger of Sony Music Entertainment and music publishing arm Sony/ATV to form the Sony Music Group.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The merger was completed on August 1, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Sony Music Entertainment is the second largest of the "<a href="/wiki/Record_label#Major_labels" title="Record label">Big Three</a>" record companies, behind <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> and followed by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner Music Group</a>. Its music publishing division <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a> (formerly Sony/ATV) is the largest music publisher in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1929–1938:_American_Record_Corporation"><span id="1929.E2.80.931938:_American_Record_Corporation"></span>1929–1938: American Record Corporation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1929–1938: American Record Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/American_Record_Corporation" title="American Record Corporation">American Record Corporation</a></div> <p>The American Record Corporation (ARC) was founded in 1929 through a merger of several record companies.<sup id="cite_ref-Wald2002_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wald2002-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company grew over the next several years, acquiring other brands such as the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Phonograph_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Phonograph Company">Columbia Phonograph Company</a>, including its <a href="/wiki/Okeh_Records" title="Okeh Records">Okeh Records</a> subsidiary, in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1938–1970:_Columbia/CBS_Records"><span id="1938.E2.80.931970:_Columbia.2FCBS_Records"></span>1938–1970: Columbia/CBS Records</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1938–1970: Columbia/CBS Records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1938, ARC was acquired by the <a href="/wiki/CBS#Early_radio_years" title="CBS">Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)</a> under the guidance of chief executive <a href="/wiki/William_S._Paley" title="William S. Paley">William S. Paley</a>. The company was later renamed Columbia Recording Corporation,<sup id="cite_ref-White2006_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White2006-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and changed again to <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a> Inc. in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edward Wallerstein, who served as the head of Columbia Records since the late 1930s, helped establish the company as a leader in the record industry by spearheading the successful introduction of the <a href="/wiki/LP_record" title="LP record">LP record</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Columbia's success continued through the 1950s with the launch of <a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic Records</a> in 1953<sup id="cite_ref-Inc.1953_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc.1953-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Date_Records" title="Date Records">Date Records</a> in 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1962, the Columbia Records productions unit was operating four plants around the United States located in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>; <a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute,_Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana">Terre Haute, Indiana</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Connecticut" title="Bridgeport, Connecticut">Bridgeport, Connecticut</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Pitman,_New_Jersey" title="Pitman, New Jersey">Pitman, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Inc.1962_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc.1962-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Columbia's international arm was launched in 1962 under the name "CBS Records", as the company only owned the rights to the Columbia name in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1964, the company began acquiring record companies in other countries for its <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records International</a> unit<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established its own UK distribution outfit with the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Oriole_Records_(UK)" title="Oriole Records (UK)">Oriole Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1966, Columbia was renamed CBS Records and was a separate unit of the parent company, CBS-Columbia Group.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1968, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> formed <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">CBS/Sony Records</a>, a Japanese business joint venture.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1971–1991:_CBS_Records_Group"><span id="1971.E2.80.931991:_CBS_Records_Group"></span>1971–1991: CBS Records Group</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1971–1991: CBS Records Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records International</a></div> <p>In 1971, CBS Records was expanded into its own "CBS Records Group", with <a href="/wiki/Clive_Davis" title="Clive Davis">Clive Davis</a> as its administrative vice president and general manager.<sup id="cite_ref-Inc.1971_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc.1971-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1980s to the early 1990s, the company managed several successful labels, including CBS Associated Records,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which signed artists including <a href="/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne" title="Ozzy Osbourne">Ozzy Osbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Thunderbirds" title="The Fabulous Thunderbirds">the Fabulous Thunderbirds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electric_Light_Orchestra" title="Electric Light Orchestra">Electric Light Orchestra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Jett" title="Joan Jett">Joan Jett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Lee_Summer" title="Henry Lee Summer">Henry Lee Summer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1983, CBS expanded its music publishing business by acquiring the music publishing arm of <a href="/wiki/MGM/UA_Communications_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="MGM/UA Communications Co.">MGM/UA Communications Co.</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CBS later sold the print music arm to <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1987, CBS was the only "<a href="/wiki/Big_Three_television_networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Three television networks">big three</a>" American TV network to have a co-owned record company.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Sony being one of the developers behind the compact disc digital music media, a <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc#History" title="Compact disc">compact disc</a> production plant was constructed in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> under the joint venture, allowing CBS to begin supplying some of the first compact disc releases for the American market in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, CBS sold its music publishing division, CBS Songs, to <a href="/wiki/SBK_Records" title="SBK Records">SBK Entertainment</a><sup id="cite_ref-tree_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tree-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 17, 1987, Sony acquired CBS Records for US$2 billion. CBS Inc., now <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a>, retained the rights to the CBS name for music recordings but granted Sony a temporary license to use the CBS name.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sale was completed on January 5, 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-UPI_Archives_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI_Archives-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/CBS_Corporation" title="CBS Corporation">CBS Corporation</a> founded a new <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_(2006)" title="CBS Records (2006)">CBS Records</a> in 2006, which was distributed by Sony through its <a href="/wiki/RED_Distribution" class="mw-redirect" title="RED Distribution">RED</a> subsidiary.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, CBS Records re-entered the music publishing business by acquiring Nashville-based <a href="/wiki/Tree_International_Publishing" title="Tree International Publishing">Tree International Publishing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tree_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tree-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991–2004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment"><span id="1991.E2.80.932004:_Sony_Music_Entertainment"></span>1991–2004: Sony Music Entertainment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1991–2004: Sony Music Entertainment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Music_Entertainment_(1991).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sony_Music_Entertainment_%281991%29.png/220px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_%281991%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Sony_Music_Entertainment_%281991%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="46" /></a><figcaption>SME logo used from 1991 to 2004</figcaption></figure> <p>Sony renamed the record company Sony Music Entertainment (SME) on January 1, 1991, fulfilling the terms set under the 1988 buyout, which granted only a transitional license to the CBS trademark.<sup id="cite_ref-cbs_name_change_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbs_name_change-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CBS Associated label was renamed Epic Associated.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also on January 1, 1991, to replace the CBS label, Sony reintroduced the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia</a> label worldwide, which it previously held in the United States and Canada only, after it acquired the international rights to the trademark from <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a> in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-cbs_name_change_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbs_name_change-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan is the only country where Sony does not have rights to the Columbia name as it is controlled by <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Columbia" title="Nippon Columbia">Nippon Columbia</a>, an unrelated company.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Sony Music Entertainment Japan</a> issues labels under Sony Records. The Columbia Records trademark's <a href="/wiki/Rightsholder" class="mw-redirect" title="Rightsholder">rightsholder</a> in Spain was <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group, Germany</a>, which Sony Music subsequently subsumed via a 2004 merger, and a subsequent 2008 buyout.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1995, Sony and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> formed a joint venture which merged Sony's music publishing operations with Jackson's ATV Music to form <a href="/wiki/Sony/ATV_Music_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony/ATV Music Publishing">Sony/ATV Music Publishing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Company1995_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Company1995-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004–2008:_Sony_BMG"><span id="2004.E2.80.932008:_Sony_BMG"></span>2004–2008: Sony BMG</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2004–2008: Sony BMG"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg/220px-Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg/330px-Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg/440px-Bertelsmann_Music_Group_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">BMG</a> logo used from 2002 to 2004</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 2004, Sony entered a joint venture with an equal partner <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann" title="Bertelsmann">Bertelsmann</a>, by merging Sony Music and <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a>, Germany, to establish <a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG Music Entertainment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Sony continued to operate its <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Japanese music business</a> independently from Sony BMG and BMG Japan was made part of the merger.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The merger made Columbia and Epic sister labels to RCA Records, which was once owned by CBS rival, <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also started the process of bringing BMG's <a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista Records</a> back under common ownership with its former parent <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a>, a Sony division since 1989, and brought Arista founder <a href="/wiki/Clive_Davis" title="Clive Davis">Clive Davis</a> back into the fold.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2017, Davis was still with Sony Music as a chief creative officer.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008–present:_Sony_Music_revival_and_restructuring"><span id="2008.E2.80.93present:_Sony_Music_revival_and_restructuring"></span>2008–present: Sony Music revival and restructuring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2008–present: Sony Music revival and restructuring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On August 5, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Corporation_of_America" title="Sony Corporation of America">Sony Corporation of America</a> (SCA) and <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann" title="Bertelsmann">Bertelsmann</a> announced that Sony had agreed to acquire Bertelsmann's 50% stake in <a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG</a>. The acquisition was completed on October 1, 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 1, 2009, SME and <a href="/wiki/Independent_Online_Distribution_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Online Distribution Alliance">IODA</a> announced a strategic partnership to leverage worldwide online retail distribution networks and complementary technologies to support independent labels and music rights holders.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2010, Sony Corp partnered with The Michael Jackson Company in a contract of more than $250 million, the largest deal in recorded music history.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2009 to 2020, Sony owned 50% of <a href="/wiki/Syco_Entertainment" title="Syco Entertainment">Syco Entertainment</a>, which operates some of the world's most successful <a href="/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television">reality TV formats</a>, including <i><a href="/wiki/Got_Talent" title="Got Talent">Got Talent</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_X_Factor" title="The X Factor">The X Factor</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Simon_Cowell" title="Simon Cowell">Simon Cowell</a>. Cowell acquired Sony's stake in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Doug_Morris" title="Doug Morris">Doug Morris</a>, who was head of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner Music Group</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Music">Universal Music</a>, became chairman and CEO of Sony Music Entertainment on July 1, 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sony Music underwent restructuring upon Morris's arrival; with some artists switching labels and other labels eliminated.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012, a consortium led by <a href="/wiki/Sony/ATV_Music_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony/ATV Music Publishing">Sony/ATV</a> acquired <a href="/wiki/EMI_Music_Publishing" title="EMI Music Publishing">EMI Music Publishing</a>, making Sony/ATV the world's largest music publisher at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This acquisition also reunited the common ownership of pre-1986 CBS Songs (as SBK Songs) catalog to Sony/ATV. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rob_Stringer" title="Rob Stringer">Rob Stringer</a> became CEO of Sony Music Entertainment on April 1, 2017. He previously served as chairman and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sony has experienced many changes with its international labels. In February 2012, Sony Music reportedly closed its <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Philippines" title="Sony Music Philippines">Filipino office</a> due to <a href="/wiki/Piracy_(media)" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy (media)">piracy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Music_and_Video" title="Ivory Music and Video">Ivory Music and Video</a> had been handling distribution for its catalog a few months earlier in July 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2018, their distribution deal with Ivory expired and SME resumed its operations in the Philippines, with the new offices still located in <a href="/wiki/Ortigas_Center" title="Ortigas Center">Ortigas Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2013, Sony Music withdrew from the Greek market due to an economic crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-Sony_Music_Greece_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sony_Music_Greece-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Albums released by Sony Music in Greece from domestic and foreign artists would then be carried by Feelgood Records.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2017, Sony announced that by March 2018 it would be producing vinyl records internally for the first time since ceasing its production in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reporting the decision, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> noted that, "Sony's move comes a few months after it equipped its Tokyo studio with a <a href="/wiki/Disc_cutting_lathe" title="Disc cutting lathe">cutting lathe</a>, used to produce the master discs needed for manufacturing vinyl records" but added that "Sony is even struggling to find older engineers who know how to make records".<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 5, 2019, a group of 1970s-era musicians including <a href="/wiki/David_Johansen" title="David Johansen">David Johansen</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Waite" title="John Waite">John Waite</a> filed lawsuits accusing Sony Music Entertainment and <a href="/wiki/UMG_Recordings,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="UMG Recordings, Inc.">UMG Recordings, Inc.</a> of improperly refusing to let them reclaim the rights to songs they had signed away earlier in their careers.<sup id="cite_ref-Stempel_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stempel-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lawsuit cites U.S. copyright law, which gives artists who formerly bargained away their rights on unfavorable terms a chance to reclaim those rights by filing termination notices after 35 years.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plaintiffs claim that Sony and UMG have "routinely and systematically" ignored hundreds of notices, having taken the position that recordings are "works made for hire" and are therefore not subject to being reclaimed.<sup id="cite_ref-Stempel_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stempel-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilian</a> media company <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Globo" title="Grupo Globo">Grupo Globo</a> sold its domestic record label <a href="/wiki/Som_Livre" title="Som Livre">Som Livre</a> to Sony Music for an undisclosed amount.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was approved by the <a href="/wiki/Administrative_Council_for_Economic_Defense" title="Administrative Council for Economic Defense">Administrative Council for Economic Defense</a> on November 4, 2021. </p><p>The UK media company <a href="/wiki/Somethin%27_Else_(content_agency)" title="Somethin' Else (content agency)">Somethin' Else</a> was acquired outright by Sony Music in 2021, to form a <a href="/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">Global Podcast</a> Division, headed up by the Somethin' Else principles, Steve Ackerman and <a href="/wiki/Jez_Nelson" title="Jez Nelson">Jez Nelson</a>. The new division was to have teams in New York, LA and London. <sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, Sony Music Entertainment acquired boutique branding and merchandising agency, Ceremony of Roses (CoR).<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CoR would handle SME's 'branding, design, media and events'.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly acquired company would merge with Sony's existing merch division and continue under the CoR banner. The merger brought together artists like <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele</a>, <a href="/wiki/A$AP_Rocky" class="mw-redirect" title="A$AP Rocky">A$AP Rocky</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lil_Nas_X" title="Lil Nas X">Lil Nas X</a> under one merchandising house. According to Sony, the move will help expand their merchandising team and take artists' merch to the next level.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, Sony Music and Alamo Records founder <a href="/wiki/Todd_Moscowitz" title="Todd Moscowitz">Todd Moscowitz</a> launched Santa Anna, an artist and label services company.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2024, it was announced Sony Music Entertainment's Global Podcast Division had acquired the Los Angeles-headquartered podcast production company, Neon Hum Media for an undisclosed amount.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sony_Music_Canada">Sony Music Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sony Music Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: LightBlue">Sony Music Entertainment Canada Incorporated</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/140px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/210px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/280px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="856" data-file-height="797" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1990<span class="noprint">; 34 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1990</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label">99 Atlantic Avenue, Suite 800, <a href="/wiki/Toronto,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto, Ontario">Toronto, Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sonymusic.ca">sonymusic<wbr />.ca</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sony Music Canada</b> was formed when Sony Music acquired Canadian assets of <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records</a> in 1990 (itself formerly <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a> Canada in 1954).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sony Music Canada is operated by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Canada" title="Sony Canada">Sony Canada</a>, which evolved from General Distributors or Gendis, which had been founded in <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a> in 1954 by <a href="/wiki/Albert_D._Cohen" title="Albert D. Cohen">Albert D. Cohen</a>, who had made a deal with Sony to market its transistor radios in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sony_Music_UK">Sony Music UK</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sony Music UK"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: LightBlue">Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/140px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/210px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg/280px-Sony_Music_Entertainment_Logo_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="856" data-file-height="797" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">January 4, 1980<span class="noprint">; 44 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1980-01-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label">2 Canal Reach, London, UK</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sonymusic.co.uk">sonymusic<wbr />.co<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sony Music UK</b> is owned and operated by Sony Music Entertainment in the United Kingdom. Since 2014, <a href="/wiki/Jason_Iley" title="Jason Iley">Jason Iley</a> has been chairman and <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a> of Sony Music UK.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though owned by Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Music UK has standalone operations in the UK to promote musicians within the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2017, it was announced that Sony would be merging its two independent distribution companies The Orchard and Red Essential.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Sony had its best singles success of 33 years, with 11 number 1 singles. Sony Music artists won a total of five individual awards at the <a href="/wiki/Brit_Awards" title="Brit Awards">BRITs</a> 2015, including Best Female Solo Artist for <a href="/wiki/Paloma_Faith" title="Paloma Faith">Paloma Faith</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Ronson" title="Mark Ronson">Mark Ronson</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Uptown_Funk" title="Uptown Funk">Uptown Funk</a>", which picked up Best British Single. Several other of the label's artists – <a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters" title="Foo Fighters">Foo Fighters</a>, <a href="/wiki/One_Direction" title="One Direction">One Direction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pharrell_Williams" title="Pharrell Williams">Pharrell Williams</a> – also collected awards.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sony's performance at the BRITs 2015 was the label's best in nearly 20 years, winning a total of 5 awards. In 2017, Sony Music UK celebrated the most successful BRIT Awards in the company's history, winning seven of the 11 awards.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sony Music UK has made key acquisitions including forming Insanity Records with Insanity Management. <a href="/wiki/Craig_David" title="Craig David">Craig David</a> became the first artist to sign an album deal with Insanity Records. Sony Music UK signed <a href="/wiki/Robbie_Williams" title="Robbie Williams">Robbie Williams</a>, who released his 11th album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Heavy_Entertainment_Show" title="The Heavy Entertainment Show">The Heavy Entertainment Show</a></i> in 2016. Jason Iley commented that the agreement was "a once in a lifetime signing with the biggest male solo artist of our generation".<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sony Music UK incorporated the independent sales and distribution company Essential Music and Marketing – renamed to <a href="/wiki/Red_Essential" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Essential">Red Essential</a>. In August 2016, Sony Music acquired <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Sound" title="Ministry of Sound">Ministry of Sound Recordings</a>, home to <a href="/wiki/London_Grammar" title="London Grammar">London Grammar</a>, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Fresh" title="DJ Fresh">DJ Fresh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sigala" title="Sigala">Sigala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 5, 2017, two of Sony Music UK's labels won awards at the annual Music Week Awards. Columbia Records was awarded A&R of the Year, and Syco was awarded Record Company of the Year.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, Sony agreed to buy Kobalt neighboring rights division and independent distribution company <a href="/wiki/AWAL" title="AWAL">AWAL</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Kobalt_Music_Group" title="Kobalt Music Group">Kobalt Music Group</a> for $430 million.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sony_Music_Russia">Sony Music Russia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sony Music Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1242257876"><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Sony Music Entertainment, LLC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Music_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sony_Music_logo.svg/140px-Sony_Music_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sony_Music_logo.svg/210px-Sony_Music_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sony_Music_logo.svg/280px-Sony_Music_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="8" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Sony Music Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Сони Мьюзик Энтертейнмент</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanized</a> name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Soni Myuzik Enterteynment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Music recording</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1999<span class="noprint">; 25 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">March 10, 2022<span class="noprint">; 2 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2022-03-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_(law)" title="Dissolution (law)">Dissolved</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Arina Dmitrieva (CEO)<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data">US$42.7 million (FY 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">US$2.22 million (FY 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">Sony</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">40-50 (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-iXBT.com_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iXBT.com-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">SBME Holdings B.V.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220315001714/https://www.sonymusic.ru/">Official website</a></span></span> (archived)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sony Music Entertainment Russia</b> was the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> music label of Sony Music Entertainment. The company opened its division in the Russian Federation in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, the first contract was signed with the Russian group <a href="/wiki/Bi-2" title="Bi-2">Bi-2</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> For 2021, experts estimated the company's share in the Russian recording market at approximately 15-20%. Sony Music Entertainment LLC's revenue in 2021 amounted to 2.56 billion rubles ($42.7 million). Net profit amounted to 132.9 million rubles ($2.22 million).<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 10, 2022, in connection with <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Sony Music Entertainment announced the suspension of operations and new releases in Russia, while Russian employees of Sony Music Group receive pay indefinitely.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 8, Sony Music officially announced its final withdrawal from Russia. The company recalled all foreign catalogs from the Russian streaming services <a href="/wiki/Yandex_Music" title="Yandex Music">Yandex Music</a>, Zvooq and VK Music, and tracks from <a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Beyoncé">Beyoncé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Britney_Spears" title="Britney Spears">Britney Spears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bring_Me_the_Horizon" title="Bring Me the Horizon">Bring Me the Horizon</a> and many other artists were removed. The Russian division is intended as a completely independent structure from Sony Music to represent only local musicians under the new brand Kiss Koala,<sup id="cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was later bought by the structures of former top managers of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Music Russia">Warner Music Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_controversies">Criticism and controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Criticism and controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CD_price_fixing">CD price fixing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: CD price fixing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/CD_price_fixing" title="CD price fixing">CD price fixing</a></div> <p>Between 1995 and 2000, music companies were found to have used illegal marketing agreements such as <a href="/wiki/Resale_price_maintenance" title="Resale price maintenance">minimum advertised pricing</a> to artificially <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflate</a> prices of <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact discs</a>. This was done in order to end price wars of the early 1990s among discounters such as <a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A settlement was reached in 2002 that included music publishers and distributors Sony Music, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner Music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI Music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music</a>. In restitution for <a href="/wiki/Price_fixing" title="Price fixing">price fixing</a>, they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is estimated that customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million overall and up to $5 per album.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="George_Michael">George Michael</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: George Michael"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Panayiotou_v_Sony_Music_Entertainment_(UK)_Ltd." title="Panayiotou v Sony Music Entertainment (UK) Ltd.">Panayiotou v Sony Music Entertainment (UK) Ltd.</a></div> <p>British artist <a href="/wiki/George_Michael" title="George Michael">George Michael</a>, signed to Columbia in the U.S. and Epic worldwide, advised Sony executives in 1990 that he would not be appearing in music videos to support his forthcoming album, <i><a href="/wiki/Listen_Without_Prejudice_Vol._1" title="Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1">Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1</a></i>. Michael then accused Sony of not promoting the album at all. He sued in the UK in 1992, asking to be released from his contract. Sony ultimately prevailed in the courts in 1994, but Michael's contract was bought out by other labels. Some 11 years later, Michael licensed tracks to Sony for release.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Michael_Jackson_and_Tommy_Mottola">Michael Jackson and Tommy Mottola</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Michael Jackson and Tommy Mottola"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The release of <i><a href="/wiki/Invincible_(Michael_Jackson_album)" title="Invincible (Michael Jackson album)">Invincible</a></i> was preceded by a dispute between <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> and Sony Music Entertainment. Jackson had expected the licenses to the masters of his albums to revert to him sometime in the early 2000s, after which he would be able to promote the material however he pleased and keep the profits; however, clauses in the contract set the revert date years into the future. Jackson discovered that the attorney who had represented him in the deal had also been representing Sony.<sup id="cite_ref-T6101_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T6101-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also concerned that for years Sony had been pressuring him to sell his share in its music catalog venture; he feared that Sony might have had a <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">conflict of interest</a>, since if Jackson's career failed, he would have had to sell his share of the catalog at a low price.<sup id="cite_ref-T6147_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T6147-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jackson sought an early exit from his contract.<sup id="cite_ref-T6101_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T6101-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2002, Jackson alleged that the then-Sony Music chairman <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Mottola" title="Tommy Mottola">Tommy Mottola</a> was a "devil" and "racist" who did not support his African-American artists, using them merely for his own gain.<sup id="cite_ref-T6147_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T6147-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He charged that Mottola had called his colleague <a href="/wiki/Irv_Gotti" title="Irv Gotti">Irv Gotti</a> a "fat <a href="/wiki/Nigger" title="Nigger">nigger</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sony refused to renew Jackson's contract, and claimed that a <span class="nowrap">$25 million</span> promotional campaign had failed because Jackson refused to tour in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkeman_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkeman-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prosecution_of_copyright_infringement">Prosecution of copyright infringement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Prosecution of copyright infringement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2012, Sony Music filed charges against the website <a href="/wiki/IsoHunt" title="IsoHunt">IsoHunt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-source_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-source-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plaintiff's claims in the court document filed at the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_British_Columbia" title="Supreme Court of British Columbia">Supreme Court of British Columbia</a> read: "The IsoHunt Websites have been designed and are operated by the defendants with the sole purpose of profiting from rampant copyright infringement which defendants actively encourage, promote, authorize, induce, aid, abet, materially contribute to and commercially profit from."<sup id="cite_ref-Claim_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Claim-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2016, in a lawsuit filed at a California federal court, Sony Music Entertainment and its associated brands (<a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista Records</a> and <a href="/wiki/LaFace_Records" title="LaFace Records">LaFace Records</a>, formerly owned by <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a>) accused Belgian radio aggregator <a href="/wiki/Radionomy" title="Radionomy">Radionomy</a> (owned by Universal Music Group's parent <a href="/wiki/Vivendi" title="Vivendi">Vivendi</a>) of copyright infringement.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kesha_v._Dr._Luke_and_2016_boycott">Kesha v. Dr. Luke and 2016 boycott</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Kesha v. Dr. Luke and 2016 boycott"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kesha_v._Dr._Luke" title="Kesha v. Dr. Luke">Kesha v. Dr. Luke</a></div> <p>In February 2016, 100,000 people signed an online petition in less than 24 hours, calling for a boycott of Sony Music and all other Sony-affiliated businesses after <a href="/wiki/Kesha_v._Dr._Luke" title="Kesha v. Dr. Luke">rape allegations</a> against music producer <a href="/wiki/Dr._Luke" title="Dr. Luke">Dr. Luke</a> were made by musical artist <a href="/wiki/Kesha" title="Kesha">Kesha</a>. Kesha asked a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> to free her from her contract with Sony Music, but the court denied the request, prompting a widespread public and media response.<sup id="cite_ref-NYDN_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYDN-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Sony_Music_Entertainment_labels">List of Sony Music Entertainment labels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: List of Sony Music Entertainment labels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup-list plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverified</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">indiscriminate</a> information</b> in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Embedded_lists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists">embedded lists</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit">clean up the lists</a> by removing items or incorporating them into the text of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_Music_labels" title="List of Sony Music labels">List of Sony Music labels</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flagship_record_labels">Flagship record labels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Flagship record labels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Records" title="RCA Records">RCA Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista Records</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genre-limited_record_labels">Genre-limited record labels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Genre-limited record labels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <dl><dt>Country music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Nashville" title="Sony Music Nashville">Sony Music Nashville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records#Columbia_Nashville" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Records_Nashville" title="RCA Records Nashville">RCA Records Nashville</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>Dance/electronic music</dt></dl> <ul><li>Epic Amsterdam<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stmpd_Rcrds" title="Stmpd Rcrds">Stmpd Rcrds</a> (co-distribution with <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>)</li> <li>EEM Records</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Records" title="Ultra Records">Ultra Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Sound" title="Ministry of Sound">Ministry of Sound</a><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Liquid State (joint-venture)<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt>Christian/gospel music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provident_Label_Group" title="Provident Label Group">Provident Label Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Inspiration" title="RCA Inspiration">RCA Inspiration</a></li> <li>Kingdom Life Records</li> <li>DeJountae Records</li></ul> <dl><dt>Latin</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin" title="Sony Music Latin">Sony Music Latin</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Classical/jazz music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Masterworks" title="Sony Masterworks">Sony Masterworks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Classical_Records" title="Sony Classical Records">Sony Classical Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Records" title="Milan Records">Milan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_Records" title="Portrait Records">Portrait Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Red_Seal_Records" title="RCA Red Seal Records">RCA Red Seal Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okeh_Records" title="Okeh Records">Okeh Records</a></li> <li>Flying Buddha</li> <li>Masterworks Broadway</li> <li>XXIM Records</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>Blues music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blind_Pig_Records" title="Blind Pig Records">Blind Pig Records</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Pop music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disruptor_Records" title="Disruptor Records">Disruptor Records</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Rock music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Another_Century_Records" title="Another Century Records">Another Century Records</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Metal music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Century_Media_Records" title="Century Media Records">Century Media Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_Nations" title="Music for Nations">Music for Nations</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Progressive music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inside_Out_Music" title="Inside Out Music">Inside Out Music</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <dl><dt>Sony Music UK<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <ul><li>Columbia Records UK<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relentless_Records" title="Relentless Records">Relentless Records</a></li> <li>5K Records<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Black Butter Records (joint-venture)<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dream Life Records<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Insanity Records (joint-venture)<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Magic Star<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Robots + Humans<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Since '93<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sony Music Nashville UK<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>WEAREBLK (joint-venture)<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>District 18 Entertainment (joint-venture)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Sony Music Entertainment India Pvt. Ltd.</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_India" title="Sony Music India">Sony Music India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Music South">Sony Music South</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Distributed labels</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equal_Vision_Records" title="Equal Vision Records">Equal Vision Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaforce_Records" title="Megaforce Records">Megaforce Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_Blade_Records" title="Metal Blade Records">Metal Blade Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimas_Entertainment" title="Rimas Entertainment">Rimas Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robbins_Entertainment" title="Robbins Entertainment">Robbins Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrapnel_Records" title="Shrapnel Records">Shrapnel Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Man_Records" title="Third Man Records">Third Man Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Tigers" title="Thirty Tigers">Thirty Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABC_Music" title="ABC Music">ABC Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_Recordings" title="Big Brother Recordings">Big Brother Recordings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_or_Hit_Records" title="Heist or Hit Records">Heist or Hit Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mello_Music_Group" title="Mello Music Group">Mello Music Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babygrande_Records" title="Babygrande Records">Babygrande Records</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Catalog</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Recordings" title="Legacy Recordings">Legacy Recordings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follow_That_Dream_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Follow That Dream Records">Follow That Dream Records</a></li> <li>Louder Than Life Records</li></ul> <dl><dt>International</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariola_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariola Records">Ariola Records</a> Intl.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defstar_Records" title="Defstar Records">Defstar Records</a> Intl.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relentless_Records" title="Relentless Records">Relentless Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Som_Livre" title="Som Livre">Som Livre</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Independent music distribution</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Orchard_(company)" title="The Orchard (company)">The Orchard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IODA" class="mw-redirect" title="IODA">IODA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWAL" title="AWAL">AWAL</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Previously_affiliated_labels">Previously affiliated labels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Previously affiliated labels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19_Recordings" title="19 Recordings">19 Recordings</a> (2001–2010) <small>(previously through BMG and RCA Music Group, now distributed by <a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG Rights Management</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Def_Jam_Recordings" title="Def Jam Recordings">Def Jam Recordings</a> (1985–1994) <small>(previously through Columbia Records, now part of <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loud_Records" title="Loud Records">Loud Records</a> (1992–2002) <small>(previously through Zoo Entertainment, then RCA Records, and later Columbia Records, now a new company called <a href="/wiki/SRC_Records" title="SRC Records">SRC Records</a> through <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>)</small></li> <li>Chaos Recordings Brasil (1993–2000) <small>(previously part of Columbia Records, now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Work_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Work Records">The Work Group</a> (1993–2000) <small>(previously through Epic Records, now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_Records" title="Date Records">Date Records</a> (1958–1970) <small>(previously through Columbia Records, now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aware_Records" title="Aware Records">Aware Records</a> (1997–2010) <small>(now part of <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> through <a href="/wiki/Republic_Records" title="Republic Records">Republic Records</a>)</small></li> <li>PiperWorld Entertainment (2008–2013) <small>(previously through <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roc_Nation" title="Roc Nation">Roc Nation</a> (2009–2013) <small>(previously through Columbia Records; now distributed by Universal Music Group)</small><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Nick Records">Nick Records</a> (1993–2010) <small>(previously through Sony Music, now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Echo_Label" title="The Echo Label">The Echo Label</a> (2013–2017) <small>(owned by <a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG</a> <a href="/wiki/Chrysalis_Music" title="Chrysalis Music">Chrysalis</a>; now distributed by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner Music Group</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcano_Entertainment" title="Volcano Entertainment">Volcano Entertainment</a> (1996–2019) <small>(previously through <a href="/wiki/Zomba_Group_of_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Zomba Group of Companies">Zomba Label Group</a> and later <a href="/wiki/RCA_Records" title="RCA Records">RCA Records</a>, now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RED_Music" title="RED Music">RED Music</a> (1979–2017) <small>(now dissolved)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syco_Music" title="Syco Music">Syco Music</a> (2002–2020) <small>(previously through Sony Music UK, now dissolved)</small></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/15px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/20px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_Music_artists" title="List of Sony Music artists">List of Sony Music artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG" title="Sony BMG">Sony BMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG_copy_protection_rootkit_scandal" title="Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal">Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Sony Music Entertainment Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Australia" title="Sony Music Australia">Sony Music Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Music UK">Sony Music UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_India" title="Sony Music India">Sony Music India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tero_Entertainment" title="Tero Entertainment">Tero Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_record_labels" title="Lists of record labels">Lists of record labels</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FY2020-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FY2020_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FY2020_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/FY_(fiscal_year)" class="mw-redirect" title="FY (fiscal year)">FY</a> 2020 revenue & operating income: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sony.com/en/SonyInfo/IR/library/presen/er/pdf/20q4_sonypre.pdf">"Consolidated Financial Results for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2021"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Tokyo, Japan: Sony. April 28, 2021. p. 18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428121427/https://www.sony.com/en/SonyInfo/IR/library/presen/er/pdf/20q4_sonypre.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on April 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consolidated+Financial+Results+for+the+Fiscal+Year+Ended+March+31%2C+2021&rft.place=Tokyo%2C+Japan&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Sony&rft.date=2021-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sony.com%2Fen%2FSonyInfo%2FIR%2Flibrary%2Fpresen%2Fer%2Fpdf%2F20q4_sonypre.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0000313838/000119312523169510/d433796d20f.htm">"Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023"</a>. <i>SEC.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SEC.gov&rft.atitle=Annual+Report+Pursuant+to+Section+13+or+15%28d%29+of+the+Securities+Exchange+Act+of+1934+For+the+fiscal+year+ended+March+31%2C+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2Fix%3Fdoc%3D%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F0000313838%2F000119312523169510%2Fd433796d20f.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sony_Pictures-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sony_Pictures_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926134039/https://www.sonypictures.com/corp/press_releases/2012/03_12/20120330_lynton.html">"Michael Lynton Named Ceo Of Sony Corporation Of America; Nicole Seligman To Become SCA President"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a>. March 30, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonypictures.com/corp/press_releases/2012/03_12/20120330_lynton.html">the original</a> on September 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Michael+Lynton+Named+Ceo+Of+Sony+Corporation+Of+America%3B+Nicole+Seligman+To+Become+SCA+President&rft.pub=Sony+Pictures&rft.date=2012-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonypictures.com%2Fcorp%2Fpress_releases%2F2012%2F03_12%2F20120330_lynton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Wang, Amy X. (July 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516094640/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/sonys-music-recording-and-music-publishing-companies-are-now-one-860134/">"Sony's Music Recording and Music Publishing Companies Are Now One"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/sonys-music-recording-and-music-publishing-companies-are-now-one-860134/">the original</a> on May 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2019</span>. <q>As part of Sony's business goals to increase collaborations across its entertainment units, be closer to creators and unlock more strategic opportunities, I'd like to inform you that effective August 1, we are bringing together Sony's recorded music and music publishing businesses outside of Japan to create a new Sony Music Group.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Sony%27s+Music+Recording+and+Music+Publishing+Companies+Are+Now+One&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Amy+X.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fsonys-music-recording-and-music-publishing-companies-are-now-one-860134%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristman2019" class="citation news cs1">Christman, Ed (July 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418211333/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8520323/sony-corp-restructures-recorded-music-sony-atv-together-rob-stringer">"Sony Corp. Restructures Music Division, Brings Recorded Music, Sony/ATV Publishing Together Under Rob Stringer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8520323/sony-corp-restructures-recorded-music-sony-atv-together-rob-stringer">the original</a> on April 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Sony+Corp.+Restructures+Music+Division%2C+Brings+Recorded+Music%2C+Sony%2FATV+Publishing+Together+Under+Rob+Stringer&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft.aulast=Christman&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fbusiness%2F8520323%2Fsony-corp-restructures-recorded-music-sony-atv-together-rob-stringer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStassen2019" class="citation web cs1">Stassen, Murray (July 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418212539/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/rob-stringer-to-run-new-sony-music-group-housing-publishing-and-records-from-august-1/">"Rob Stringer to run new Sony Music Group, housing publishing and records, from August 1"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide" title="Music Business Worldwide">Music Business Worldwide</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/rob-stringer-to-run-new-sony-music-group-housing-publishing-and-records-from-august-1/">the original</a> on April 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Effective August 1, Sony Corporation is bringing together its recorded music and music publishing businesses outside of Japan to form Sony Music Group.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Rob+Stringer+to+run+new+Sony+Music+Group%2C+housing+publishing+and+records%2C+from+August+1&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft.aulast=Stassen&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Frob-stringer-to-run-new-sony-music-group-housing-publishing-and-records-from-august-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAswad2019" class="citation news cs1">Aswad, Jem (July 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418211351/https://variety.com/2019/biz/news/sony-unites-recorded-music-and-publishing-under-one-company-1203269951/">"Sony Unites Recorded Music and Publishing Under One Company"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2019/biz/news/sony-unites-recorded-music-and-publishing-under-one-company-1203269951/">the original</a> on April 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2019</span>. <q>The move will take effect on Aug. 1.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Sony+Unites+Recorded+Music+and+Publishing+Under+One+Company&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft.aulast=Aswad&rft.aufirst=Jem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2019%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fsony-unites-recorded-music-and-publishing-under-one-company-1203269951%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYamazaki2018" class="citation news cs1">Yamazaki, Makiko (May 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807110523/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sony-outlook-emi-idUSKCN1IN01F">"Sony in US$2.3 billion deal, becomes the world's biggest music publisher"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Reuters" title="Thomson Reuters">Thomson Reuters</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sony-outlook-emi-idUSKCN1IN01F">the original</a> on August 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Sony+in+US%242.3+billion+deal%2C+becomes+the+world%27s+biggest+music+publisher&rft.date=2018-05-21&rft.aulast=Yamazaki&rft.aufirst=Makiko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-sony-outlook-emi-idUSKCN1IN01F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalperinAswad2018" class="citation news cs1">Halperin, Shirley; Aswad, Jem (May 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210118014844/https://variety.com/2018/biz/news/sony-to-buy-additional-60-stake-in-emi-music-publishing-for-2-3-billion-1202818371/#!">"Sony to Buy Additional 60% Stake in EMI Music Publishing for $2.3 Billion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2018/biz/news/sony-to-buy-additional-60-stake-in-emi-music-publishing-for-2-3-billion-1202818371/">the original</a> on January 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Sony+to+Buy+Additional+60%25+Stake+in+EMI+Music+Publishing+for+%242.3+Billion&rft.date=2018-05-21&rft.aulast=Halperin&rft.aufirst=Shirley&rft.au=Aswad%2C+Jem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2018%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fsony-to-buy-additional-60-stake-in-emi-music-publishing-for-2-3-billion-1202818371%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wald2002-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wald2002_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWald2002" class="citation book cs1">Wald, Elijah (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-CtXZaQTFLoC&pg=PA28"><i>Josh White: Society Blues</i></a>. Routledge Chapman & Hall. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-94204-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-94204-1"><bdi>978-0-415-94204-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140830155847/http://books.google.com/books?id=-CtXZaQTFLoC&pg=PA28">Archived</a> from the original on August 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Josh+White%3A+Society+Blues&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Routledge+Chapman+%26+Hall&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-415-94204-1&rft.aulast=Wald&rft.aufirst=Elijah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-CtXZaQTFLoC%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTschmuck2012" class="citation book cs1">Tschmuck, Peter (March 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wIvx9-aVCHMC&q=arc+%2B+columbia+%2B+1934&pg=PA70"><i>Creativity and Innovation in the Music Industry</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-6422-8429-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-6422-8429-8"><bdi>978-3-6422-8429-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514093750/https://books.google.com/books?id=wIvx9-aVCHMC&q=arc+%2B+columbia+%2B+1934&pg=PA70">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Creativity+and+Innovation+in+the+Music+Industry&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-03-14&rft.isbn=978-3-6422-8429-8&rft.aulast=Tschmuck&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwIvx9-aVCHMC%26q%3Darc%2B%252B%2Bcolumbia%2B%252B%2B1934%26pg%3DPA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-White2006-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-White2006_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2006" class="citation book cs1">White, Raymond E. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+of+the+Cowboys%2C+Queen+of+the+West%3A+Roy+Rogers+And+Dale+Evans&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=Popular+Press&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.isbn=978-0-299-21004-5&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Raymond+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7IZ_-YerLt0C%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2002655160/">"Columbia Records paperwork collection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308121749/https://www.loc.gov/item/2002655160/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Columbia+Records+paperwork+collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F2002655160%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ePUDAAAAMBAJ&q=wallerstein+%2B+columbia+%2B+billboard&pg=PA17">"Wallerstein Up To Top As Col Boosts White"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. January 3, 1948. p. 17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514093752/https://books.google.com/books?id=ePUDAAAAMBAJ&q=wallerstein+%2B+columbia+%2B+billboard&pg=PA17">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Wallerstein+Up+To+Top+As+Col+Boosts+White&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1948-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DePUDAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Dwallerstein%2B%252B%2Bcolumbia%2B%252B%2Bbillboard%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc.1953-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Inc.1953_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA16">"Columbia's Epic to Bow with Classic, Pop Line"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. September 19, 1953. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140704120732/http://books.google.com/books?id=ZAoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA16">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Columbia%27s+Epic+to+Bow+with+Classic%2C+Pop+Line&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1953-09-19&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZAoEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120720060855/http://rcs-discography.com/rcs/labels/d/d306.htm">"Date (N.Y.)"</a>. <i>Rockin' Country Style</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rcs-discography.com/rcs/labels/d/d306.htm">the original</a> on July 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rockin%27+Country+Style&rft.atitle=Date+%28N.Y.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frcs-discography.com%2Frcs%2Flabels%2Fd%2Fd306.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc.1962-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Inc.1962_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VBcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA15">"Who Else Has Four Big Plants? (advertisement)"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. June 30, 1962. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160109052959/https://books.google.com/books?id=VBcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA15">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Who+Else+Has+Four+Big+Plants%3F+%28advertisement%29&rft.pages=15&rft.date=1962-06-30&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVBcEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_eQsEAAAAMBAJ">"For Information About The Sound Heard 'Round The World, See the CBS International Section (Advertisement)"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. March 16, 1963. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_eQsEAAAAMBAJ/page/n37">40</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=For+Information+About+The+Sound+Heard+%27Round+The+World%2C+See+the+CBS+International+Section+%28Advertisement%29&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1963-03-16&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_eQsEAAAAMBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhito1964" class="citation news cs1">Zhito, Lee (May 16, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IUUEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22CBS+BANNER%22+%2B+%22MAY+16%22+%2B+1964+%2B+BILLBOARD&pg=PA1">"CBS Banner Pays Off For Columbia Label"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514093753/https://books.google.com/books?id=IUUEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22CBS+BANNER%22+%2B+%22MAY+16%22+%2B+1964+%2B+BILLBOARD&pg=PA1">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=CBS+Banner+Pays+Off+For+Columbia+Label&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1964-05-16&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft.aulast=Zhito&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIUUEAAAAMBAJ%26q%3D%2522CBS%2BBANNER%2522%2B%252B%2B%2522MAY%2B16%2522%2B%252B%2B1964%2B%252B%2BBILLBOARD%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Vekey1964" class="citation news cs1">de Vekey, Andre (October 3, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0iAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3">"It's Official CBS-Oriole Deal"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160109052959/https://books.google.com/books?id=0iAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=It%27s+Official+CBS-Oriole+Deal&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1964-10-03&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft.aulast=de+Vekey&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0iAEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0igEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10">"Leiberson to Helm Group; Other Changes Made in the CBS Guard"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. June 18, 1966. p. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160109052959/https://books.google.com/books?id=0igEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2015</span>. <q>CBS Records, under [Clive] Davis who had been administrative vice-president of Columbia Records, will continue to produce and market the Columbia, Epic, Harmony, Date, and Okeh record lines and the Columbia <a href="/wiki/Legacy_Collection" title="Legacy Collection">Legacy Collection</a>. ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Leiberson+to+Helm+Group%3B+Other+Changes+Made+in+the+CBS+Guard&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1966-06-18&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0igEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/10/archives/lieberson-heads-new-cbs-group-put-in-charge-of-activities-outside.html">"Lieberson Heads New C.B.S. Group. Put in Charge of Activities Outside Broadcasting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. June 10, 1966. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004045/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/06/10/archives/lieberson-heads-new-cbs-group-put-in-charge-of-activities-outside.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2012</span>. <q>Goddard Lieberson, one of the more prominent figures in the phonograph recording industry, has been named the president of the C.B.S./Columbia Group, a new unit of the Columbia Broadcasting System for expanded activities in education and music. The unit is part of the company's long-range plans to achieve greater diversification outside the field of broadcasting.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lieberson+Heads+New+C.B.S.+Group.+Put+in+Charge+of+Activities+Outside+Broadcasting&rft.date=1966-06-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1966%2F06%2F10%2Farchives%2Flieberson-heads-new-cbs-group-put-in-charge-of-activities-outside.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090216084152/http://www.sony.net/Fun/SH/1-34/h1.html">"CBS/Sony Records is Established in First Round of Capital Deregulation"</a>. <i>Sony History</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sony.net/Fun/SH/1-34/h1.html">the original</a> on February 16, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+History&rft.atitle=CBS%2FSony+Records+is+Established+in+First+Round+of+Capital+Deregulation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sony.net%2FFun%2FSH%2F1-34%2Fh1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc.1971-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Inc.1971_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uwgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3">"CBS Restructures; Davis Role Widened"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. July 24, 1971. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820001349/https://books.google.com/books?id=uwgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=CBS+Restructures%3B+Davis+Role+Widened&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1971-07-24&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuwgEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZuckerman1984" class="citation news cs1">Zuckerman, Faye (July 21, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j5I4br0t7cwC&q=%22cbs+associated+records%22&pg=PT30">"Music Monitor"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. p. 31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514093756/https://books.google.com/books?id=j5I4br0t7cwC&q=%22cbs+associated+records%22&pg=PT30">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Music+Monitor&rft.pages=31&rft.date=1984-07-21&rft.aulast=Zuckerman&rft.aufirst=Faye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj5I4br0t7cwC%26q%3D%2522cbs%2Bassociated%2Brecords%2522%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tiQEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22cbs+associated%22+%2B+ozzy+%2B+thunderbirds&pg=RA1-PA7">"Pop Albums"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. December 27, 1986. pp. 7–8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230705165550/https://books.google.com/books?id=tiQEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22cbs+associated%22+%2B+ozzy+%2B+thunderbirds&pg=RA1-PA7">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Pop+Albums&rft.pages=7-8&rft.date=1986-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtiQEAAAAMBAJ%26q%3D%2522cbs%2Bassociated%2522%2B%252B%2Bozzy%2B%252B%2Bthunderbirds%26pg%3DRA1-PA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLichtman1983" class="citation news cs1">Lichtman, Irv (January 8, 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PSQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT2">"CBS Songs Grows With MGM/UA Deal"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523054822/https://books.google.com/books?id=PSQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT2">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2019</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=CBS+Songs+Grows+With+MGM%2FUA+Deal&rft.date=1983-01-08&rft.aulast=Lichtman&rft.aufirst=Irv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPSQEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPT2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLichtman1983" class="citation news cs1">Lichtman, Irv (February 12, 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9iMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT39">"Columbia Pictures To Acquire Big 3"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523054808/https://books.google.com/books?id=9iMEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PT39">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2019</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Columbia+Pictures+To+Acquire+Big+3&rft.date=1983-02-12&rft.aulast=Lichtman&rft.aufirst=Irv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9iMEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPT39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLannert1999" class="citation news cs1">Lannert, John (January 16, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TQ0EAAAAMBA">"Will Sales Surpass 16 Million in '99?"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TQ0EAAAAMBAJ/page/n39">40</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>. <q>...as combined sales of BMG's Ariola and RCA imprints...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Will+Sales+Surpass+16+Million+in+%2799%3F&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1999-01-16&rft.aulast=Lannert&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_TQ0EAAAAMBA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/08/business/cbs-sony-inc.html">"CBS/Sony Inc"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 8, 1982. p. D4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511002603/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/08/business/cbs-sony-inc.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=CBS%2FSony+Inc.&rft.pages=D4&rft.date=1982-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F12%2F08%2Fbusiness%2Fcbs-sony-inc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tree-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tree_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tree_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPareles1989" class="citation news cs1">Pareles, Jon (January 4, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/04/business/the-media-business-cbs-records-to-buy-tree-ending-an-era-in-nashville.html">"CBS Records to Buy Tree, Ending an Era in Nashville"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. D1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200901212446/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/04/business/the-media-business-cbs-records-to-buy-tree-ending-an-era-in-nashville.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>. <q>CBS Songs, the record company's publishing arm, was sold in 1986 for $125 million to Stephen Swid, Martin Bandier and Charles Koppelman, who renamed it SBK Entertainment. It is now the second-largest music publishing company.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=CBS+Records+to+Buy+Tree%2C+Ending+an+Era+in+Nashville&rft.pages=D1&rft.date=1989-01-04&rft.aulast=Pareles&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F01%2F04%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-cbs-records-to-buy-tree-ending-an-era-in-nashville.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sony.com/en/SonyInfo/CorporateInfo/History/SonyHistory/2-22.html#block5">"Sony History Chapter22 CBS/Sony Records is Established in First Round of Capital Deregulation"</a>. <i>Sony Global</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150507013907/http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/CorporateInfo/History/SonyHistory/2-22.html#block5">Archived</a> from the original on May 7, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Global&rft.atitle=Sony+History+Chapter22+CBS%2FSony+Records+is+Established+in+First+Round+of+Capital+Deregulation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sony.com%2Fen%2FSonyInfo%2FCorporateInfo%2FHistory%2FSonyHistory%2F2-22.html%23block5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UPI_Archives-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UPI_Archives_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/01/05/Sony-completes-2-billion-purchase-of-CBS-Records/2527568357200/">"Sony completes $2 billion purchase of CBS Records"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Simon+Cowell+acquires+Sony+Music%27s+stake+and+retains+full+control+of+%27Got+Talent%27+and+%27X-Factor%27&rft.date=2020-07-16&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Karu+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fsnyde%2Fny-simone-cowell-buys-out-sony-music-stake-got-talent-syco-20200716-swipfdahbrg5vlw57l5udi4gzy-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2011" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Ethan (March 3, 2011). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703559604576176500047935830">"Sony Music Recruits CEO"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629101254/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703559604576176500047935830.html?mod=googlenews_wsj">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 2,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+Recruits+CEO&rft.date=2011-03-03&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052748703559604576176500047935830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/470530/la-reid-to-run-restructured-epic-records">"L.A. Reid to Run Restructured Epic Records"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. June 15, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809070308/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/470530/la-reid-to-run-restructured-epic-records">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=L.A.+Reid+to+Run+Restructured+Epic+Records&rft.date=2011-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F470530%2Fla-reid-to-run-restructured-epic-records&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/la-reid-officially-named-chairman-212497">"L.A. Reid Officially Named Chairman & CEO of Epic Records"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=L.A.+Reid+Officially+Named+Chairman+%26+CEO+of+Epic+Records&rft.date=2011-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fla-reid-officially-named-chairman-212497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalpern2011" class="citation news cs1">Halpern, Shirley (October 7, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/rca-records-peter-edge-tom-245241">"RCA Records' Peter Edge and Tom Corson on Why the Label Downsized and its Place in Sony's Big Picture (Q&A)"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210210215410/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/rca-records-peter-edge-tom-245241">Archived</a> from the original on February 10, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 18, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128022436/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/columbias-rob-stringer-named-ceo-939309">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Columbia%27s+Rob+Stringer+Named+CEO+of+Sony+Music&rft.date=2016-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fcolumbias-rob-stringer-named-ceo-939309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614012436/http://www.interaksyon.com/infotech/sony-music-succumbs-to-piracy-closes-philippine-office">"Sony Music succumbs to piracy, closes Philippine office"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/InterAksyon" class="mw-redirect" title="InterAksyon">InterAksyon</a></i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entertainment.mb.com.ph/2018/09/15/audio-junkie-sony-music-opens-shop-anew-in-ph/">the original</a> on September 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 27, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202093100/http://www.inewsgr.com/98/kleinei-i-istoriki-diskografiki-sony-music-greece.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 29, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171114/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-40445192">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 29, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170629155011/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-40445192">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 1, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170606191150/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/sony-merges-orchard-red-essential-uk-market/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Sony+merges+The+Orchard+and+Red+Essential+in+UK+market&rft.date=2017-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fsony-merges-orchard-red-essential-uk-market%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/brit-awards/10649137/Brit-Awards-2014-the-winners-in-full.html">"Brit Awards 2014: the winners in full"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180806024738/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/brit-awards/10649137/Brit-Awards-2014-the-winners-in-full.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Brit+Awards+2014%3A+the+winners+in+full&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Fbrit-awards%2F10649137%2FBrit-Awards-2014-the-winners-in-full.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capitalfm.com/events/brits/news/2015-winners-list/">"BRIT Awards 2015 Winners List – Full List Of This Year's Awards"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Capital_(radio_network)" title="Capital (radio network)">Capital</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170402184345/http://www.capitalfm.com/events/brits/news/2015-winners-list/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Capital&rft.atitle=BRIT+Awards+2015+Winners+List+%E2%80%93+Full+List+Of+This+Year%27s+Awards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitalfm.com%2Fevents%2Fbrits%2Fnews%2F2015-winners-list%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/sony-music-triumphs-with-its-most-successful-brit-awards-ever/">"Sony Music triumphs with its most successful BRIT Awards ever"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. February 23, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220328152917/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/sony-music-triumphs-with-its-most-successful-brit-awards-ever/">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+triumphs+with+its+most+successful+BRIT+Awards+ever&rft.date=2017-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Fsony-music-triumphs-with-its-most-successful-brit-awards-ever%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/insanity-records/">"Insanity Records"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312063319/http://www.sonymusic.co.uk/labels/insanity-records">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Insanity+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Finsanity-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/robbie-williams-signs-to-sony-music/064724">"Robbie Williams signs to Sony Music"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Music_Week" title="Music Week">Music Week</a></i>. May 8, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308140333/https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/robbie-williams-signs-to-sony-music/064724">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Week&rft.atitle=Robbie+Williams+signs+to+Sony+Music&rft.date=2016-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Flabels%2Fread%2Frobbie-williams-signs-to-sony-music%2F064724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/universal-and-sony-neck-and-neck-in-us-video-streaming-market-share-as-tunecore-leads-the-indies/">"Universal and Sony neck-and-neck in US video streaming market share – as Tunecore leads the Indies"</a>. <i>Music Business Worldwide</i>. January 10, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170313124537/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/universal-and-sony-neck-and-neck-in-us-video-streaming-market-share-as-tunecore-leads-the-indies/">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Universal+and+Sony+neck-and-neck+in+US+video+streaming+market+share+%E2%80%93+as+Tunecore+leads+the+Indies&rft.date=2017-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Funiversal-and-sony-neck-and-neck-in-us-video-streaming-market-share-as-tunecore-leads-the-indies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/why-has-universals-market-share-dipped-this-year/">"Why has Universal lost market share this year?"</a>. <i>Music Business Worldwide</i>. November 21, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211080055/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/why-has-universals-market-share-dipped-this-year/">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Why+has+Universal+lost+market+share+this+year%3F&rft.date=2016-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwhy-has-universals-market-share-dipped-this-year%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicweek.com/talent/read/2017-music-week-awards-and-the-winners-are/068084">"2017 Music Week Awards: And the winners are..."</a> <i>Music Week</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411092554/https://www.musicweek.com/talent/read/2017-music-week-awards-and-the-winners-are/068084">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Week&rft.atitle=2017+Music+Week+Awards%3A+And+the+winners+are...&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Ftalent%2Fread%2F2017-music-week-awards-and-the-winners-are%2F068084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/publishing/9519611/kobalt-not-for-sale-awal-sale-sony">"Not for Sale: After Unloading AWAL, Kobalt Says It's Off the Block"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. February 2, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309182708/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/publishing/9519611/kobalt-not-for-sale-awal-sale-sony/">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Not+for+Sale%3A+After+Unloading+AWAL%2C+Kobalt+Says+It%27s+Off+the+Block&rft.date=2021-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fbusiness%2Fpublishing%2F9519611%2Fkobalt-not-for-sale-awal-sale-sony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kiss_Koala-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiss_Koala_88-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5549427">"От Sony Music останется "Коала"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a></i> (in Russian). September 8, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173002/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5549427">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kommersant&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D1%82+Sony+Music+%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%22&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc%2F5549427&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iXBT.com-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iXBT.com_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922001639/https://www.ixbt.com/news/2022/09/08/iz-rossijskih-strimingovyh-servisov-propadut-treki-jelvisa-presli-selin-dion-britni-spirs-majkla-dzheksona-i-mnogih.html">"Sony Music полностью уходит из России"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=IXBT.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IXBT.com (page does not exist)">iXBT.com</a></i> (in Russian). September 8, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ixbt.com/news/2022/09/08/iz-rossijskih-strimingovyh-servisov-propadut-treki-jelvisa-presli-selin-dion-britni-spirs-majkla-dzheksona-i-mnogih.html">the original</a> on September 22, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iXBT.com&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82+%D0%B8%D0%B7+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ixbt.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F09%2F08%2Fiz-rossijskih-strimingovyh-servisov-propadut-treki-jelvisa-presli-selin-dion-britni-spirs-majkla-dzheksona-i-mnogih.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5251207">"Sony Music Group и Warner Music Group приостанавливают деятельность в России"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a></i>. March 10, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811233638/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5251207">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kommersant&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+Group+%D0%B8+Warner+Music+Group+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2022-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc%2F5251207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fontanka.ru/2022/03/10/70499501/">"Вслед за Universal, из России уходит лейбл Sony Music. Warner выжидает"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fontanka.ru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fontanka.ru (page does not exist)">Fontanka.ru</a></i> (in Russian). March 10, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173501/https://www.fontanka.ru/2022/03/10/70499501/">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fontanka.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4+%D0%B7%D0%B0+Universal%2C+%D0%B8%D0%B7+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BB+Sony+Music.+Warner+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82&rft.date=2022-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fontanka.ru%2F2022%2F03%2F10%2F70499501%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172255/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5549199">"Sony Music объявила об окончательном уходе из России"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Коммерсантъ">Коммерсантъ</a></i> (in Russian). September 8, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5549199">the original</a> on September 20, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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January 17, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0&rft.date=2023-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc%2F5772915&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLabaton2000" class="citation news cs1">Labaton, Stephen (May 11, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/11/business/5-music-companies-settle-federal-case-on-cd-price-fixing.html">"5 Music Companies Settle Federal Case On CD Price-Fixing"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530193352/http://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/11/business/5-music-companies-settle-federal-case-on-cd-price-fixing.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=5+Music+Companies+Settle+Federal+Case+On+CD+Price-Fixing&rft.date=2000-05-11&rft.aulast=Labaton&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2000%2F05%2F11%2Fbusiness%2F5-music-companies-settle-federal-case-on-cd-price-fixing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usatoday-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLieberman2002" class="citation news cs1">Lieberman, David (September 30, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2002-09-30-cd-settlement_x.htm">"5 Music Companies Settle Federal Case On CD Price-Fixing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160207165313/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2002-09-30-cd-settlement_x.htm">Archived</a> from the original on February 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=5+Music+Companies+Settle+Federal+Case+On+CD+Price-Fixing&rft.date=2002-09-30&rft.aulast=Lieberman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fusatoday30.usatoday.com%2Flife%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2F2002-09-30-cd-settlement_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoulthard1995" class="citation journal cs1">Coulthard, Alan (September 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1995.tb02047.x">"George Michael v Sony Music-A Challenge to Artistic Freedom?"</a>. <i>The Modern Law Review</i>. <b>58</b> (5): 731–744. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1995.tb02047.x">10.1111/j.1468-2230.1995.tb02047.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-7961">0026-7961</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Modern+Law+Review&rft.atitle=George+Michael+v+Sony+Music-A+Challenge+to+Artistic+Freedom%3F&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=731-744&rft.date=1995-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1995.tb02047.x&rft.issn=0026-7961&rft.aulast=Coulthard&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1468-2230.1995.tb02047.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-T6101-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-T6101_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-T6101_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaraborrelli2009" class="citation book cs1">Taraborrelli, J. Randy (July 15, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HNUr4CBd7ksC&q=invincible"><i>Michael Jackson: The Magic, The Madness, The Whole Story 1958–2009</i></a>. Grand Central. pp. 610–611. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4465-6568-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4465-6568-4"><bdi>978-0-4465-6568-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230705165531/https://books.google.com/books?id=HNUr4CBd7ksC&q=invincible">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150702105224/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jul/08/oliverburkeman">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jackon+gets+tough%3A+but+is+he+a+race+crusader+or+just+a+falling+star%3F&rft.date=2002-07-07&rft.aulast=Burkeman&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2002%2Fjul%2F08%2Foliverburkeman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-source-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-source_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_der_Sar2012" class="citation journal cs1">Van der Sar, Ernesto (February 29, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/record-labels-threaten-the-open-internet-isohunt-tells-court-120229/">"Record Labels Threaten the Open Internet, isoHunt Tells Court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TorrentFreak" title="TorrentFreak">TorrentFreak</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130215195352/http://torrentfreak.com/record-labels-threaten-the-open-internet-isohunt-tells-court-120229/">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TorrentFreak&rft.atitle=Record+Labels+Threaten+the+Open+Internet%2C+isoHunt+Tells+Court&rft.date=2012-02-29&rft.aulast=Van+der+Sar&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorrentfreak.com%2Frecord-labels-threaten-the-open-internet-isohunt-tells-court-120229%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Claim-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Claim_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000229/http://www.scribd.com/doc/83175814/isohunt-scbc">"Isohunt-scbc"</a>. Scribd.com. February 29, 2012. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Isohunt-scbc&rft.pub=Scribd.com&rft.date=2012-02-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F83175814%2Fisohunt-scbc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/sony-music-sues-universal-sister-company-radionomy/">"Sony Music sues Universal sister company Radionomy"</a>. <i>Music Business Worldwide</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+sues+Universal+sister+company+Radionomy&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fsony-music-sues-universal-sister-company-radionomy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYDN-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYDN_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/2016/02/20/over-100000-kesha-supporters-call-for-sony-boycott-after-judge-rules-she-must-honor-contract-despite-dr-luke-rape-allegations/">"Over 100,000 Kesha supporters call for Sony Music boycott after judge rules she must honor contract despite Dr. Luke rape allegations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a></i>. February 20, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160221094339/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/kesha-supporters-call-sony-boycott-court-ruling-article-1.2538503">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Over+100%2C000+Kesha+supporters+call+for+Sony+Music+boycott+after+judge+rules+she+must+honor+contract+despite+Dr.+Luke+rape+allegations&rft.date=2016-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2F2016%2F02%2F20%2Fover-100000-kesha-supporters-call-for-sony-boycott-after-judge-rules-she-must-honor-contract-despite-dr-luke-rape-allegations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171103085126/http://epicamsterdam.nl/">"Epic Amsterdam"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epicamsterdam.nl/">the original</a> on November 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Epic+Amsterdam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepicamsterdam.nl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmirke2016" class="citation news cs1">Smirke, Richard (August 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/7468487/sony-music-uk-acquires-ministry-of-sound">"Sony Music UK Acquires Ministry of Sound"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190322134308/https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/7468487/sony-music-uk-acquires-ministry-of-sound">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+Acquires+Ministry+of+Sound&rft.date=2016-08-10&rft.aulast=Smirke&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Frecord-labels%2F7468487%2Fsony-music-uk-acquires-ministry-of-sound&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultz2018" class="citation news cs1">Schultz, Rob (January 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8097373/liquid-state-edm-label-sony-music-tencent-dance">"Sony Music & Tencent Launch Dance Music Label Liquid State"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123054510/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8097373/liquid-state-edm-label-sony-music-tencent-dance">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+%26+Tencent+Launch+Dance+Music+Label+Liquid+State&rft.date=2018-01-31&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fbusiness%2F8097373%2Fliquid-state-edm-label-sony-music-tencent-dance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/">"Sony Music UK | Official Website"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308145422/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Official+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/labels-and-partners/">"Sony Music UK | Labels & Partners"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204195135/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/labels-and-partners/">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Labels+%26+Partners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabels-and-partners%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/columbia-records/">"Sony Music UK – Columbia Records"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211026111135/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/columbia-records/">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%E2%80%93+Columbia+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fcolumbia-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/5k-records/">"Sony Music UK | 5K Records"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125101622/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/5k-records/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+5K+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2F5k-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/black-butter/">"Sony Music UK | Black Butter"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210329164740/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/black-butter/">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Black+Butter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fblack-butter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/dream-life-records/">"Sony Music UK | Dream Life Records"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210118031629/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/dream-life-records/">Archived</a> from the original on January 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Dream+Life+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fdream-life-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/insanity-records/">"Sony Music UK | Insanity Records"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201205152910/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/insanity-records/">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Insanity+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Finsanity-records%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/magic-star/">"Sony Music UK | Magic Star"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120190324/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/magic-star/">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Magic+Star&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fmagic-star%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/robots-humans/">"Sony Music UK | Robots + Humans"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125102536/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/robots-humans/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Robots+%2B+Humans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Frobots-humans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/since-93/">"Sony Music UK | Since '93"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204190158/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/since-93/">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Since+%2793&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fsince-93%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/nashville/">"Sony Music UK | Sony Music Nashville"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201126151939/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/nashville/">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+Sony+Music+Nashville&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fnashville%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/weareblk/">"Sony Music UK | WEAREBLK"</a>. <i>Sony Music UK</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201120108/https://www.sonymusic.co.uk/label/weareblk/">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sony+Music+UK&rft.atitle=Sony+Music+UK+%26%23124%3B+WEAREBLK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonymusic.co.uk%2Flabel%2Fweareblk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSisari2013" class="citation news cs1">Sisari, Ben (April 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/09/business/media/jay-zs-entertainment-company-makes-music-deal-with-universal.html">"Jay-Z's Entertainment Company Makes Music Deal With Universal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130413074801/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/09/business/media/jay-zs-entertainment-company-makes-music-deal-with-universal.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jay-Z%27s+Entertainment+Company+Makes+Music+Deal+With+Universal&rft.date=2013-04-08&rft.aulast=Sisari&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F04%2F09%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fjay-zs-entertainment-company-makes-music-deal-with-universal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASony+Music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sonymusic.com">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090613021647/http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/135/135429.html">Yahoo! – Sony Music Entertainment Company Profile</a> via Yahoo! 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href="/wiki/Template:Sony_Music" title="Template:Sony Music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sony_Music" title="Template talk:Sony Music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sony_Music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sony Music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sony_Music_Entertainment" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sony Music Entertainment</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Stringer" title="Rob Stringer">Rob Stringer</a></li> <li>Kevin Kelleher</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flagship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Records" title="RCA Records">RCA Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Nashville" title="Sony Music Nashville">Nashville</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records#Columbia_Nashville" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Records_Nashville" title="RCA Records Nashville">RCA Records Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provident_Label_Group" title="Provident Label Group">Provident Label Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Orchard_(company)" title="The Orchard (company)">The Orchard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sony_Masterworks" title="Sony Masterworks">Sony Masterworks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Classical_Records" title="Sony Classical Records">Sony Classical Records</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Harmonia_Mundi" title="Deutsche Harmonia Mundi">Deutsche Harmonia Mundi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_Records" title="Portrait Records">Portrait Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Records" title="Milan Records">Milan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Red_Seal_Records" title="RCA Red Seal Records">RCA Red Seal Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okeh_Records" title="Okeh Records">Okeh Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Sony_Music_UK">UK</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Butter_Records" title="Black Butter Records">Black Butter Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syco_Music" title="Syco Music">Syco Music</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relentless_Records" title="Relentless Records">Relentless Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Sound" title="Ministry of Sound">Ministry of Sound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Records_Japan" title="Epic Records Japan">Epic Records Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kioon_Music" title="Kioon Music">Kioon Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariola_Japan" title="Ariola Japan">Ariola Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mora_(music_store)" title="Mora (music store)">mora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacra_Music" title="Sacra Music">Sacra Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aniplex" title="Aniplex">Aniplex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniplex_of_America" title="Aniplex of America">Aniplex of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-1_Pictures" title="A-1 Pictures">A-1 Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CloverWorks" title="CloverWorks">CloverWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Crunchyroll LLC">Crunchyroll LLC</a> (co-owned with <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_EMEA" title="Crunchyroll EMEA">Crunchyroll EMEA</a> <ul><li>Crunchyroll SAS</li> <li>Crunchyroll SA</li> <li>Crunchyroll GmbH</li></ul></li> <li>Crunchyroll Films</li> <li>Crunchyroll Studios</li> <li>Crunchyroll Games LLC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_UK_and_Ireland" title="Crunchyroll UK and Ireland">Crunchyroll UK and Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_Store_Australia" title="Crunchyroll Store Australia">Crunchyroll Store Australia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_On!_TV" title="Music On! TV">Music On! TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanuts#Ownership" title="Peanuts">Peanuts Worldwide</a> (39%)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_First_Take" title="The First Take">The First Take</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AWAL" title="AWAL">AWAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Orchard_(company)" title="The Orchard (company)">The Orchard</a> <ul><li>IODA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RED_Music" title="RED Music">RED Music</a></li> <li>Red Essential</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVT_Records" title="TVT Records">TVT Records</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_Music_labels" title="List of Sony Music labels">Other labels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Records" title="Alamo Records">Alamo Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Som_Livre" title="Som Livre">Som Livre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCA_Inspiration" title="RCA Inspiration">RCA Inspiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonogenic_Records" title="Phonogenic Records">Phonogenic Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Records" title="Ultra Records">Ultra Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_Media_Records" title="Century Media Records">Century Media Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Recordings" title="Legacy Recordings">Legacy Recordings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemosabe_Records" title="Kemosabe Records">Kemosabe Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dischi_Ricordi" title="Dischi Ricordi">Dischi Ricordi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robbins_Entertainment" title="Robbins Entertainment">Robbins Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somethin%27_Else_(content_agency)" title="Somethin' Else (content agency)">Somethin' Else</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Australia" title="Sony Music Australia">Sony Music Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Mexico" title="Sony Music Mexico">Sony Music Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_India" title="Sony Music India">Sony Music India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Music South">Sony Music South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Latin" title="Sony Music Latin">Sony Music Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Philippines" title="Sony Music Philippines">Sony Music Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vevo" title="Vevo">Vevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcano_Entertainment" title="Volcano Entertainment">Volcano Entertainment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sony" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sony" title="Template:Sony"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sony" title="Template talk:Sony"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sony" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sony"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sony" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sony" title="History of Sony">History</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony#Electronics_Products_&_Solutions" title="Sony">Sony Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony#Imaging_&_Sensing_Solutions" title="Sony">Sony Semiconductor Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment" title="Sony Entertainment">Sony Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Group" title="Sony Music Group">Sony Music Group</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Publishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Financial_Group" title="Sony Financial Group">Sony Financial Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Life" title="Sony Life">Sony Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Bank" title="Sony Bank">Sony Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Interactive_Entertainment" title="Sony Interactive Entertainment">Sony Interactive Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Sony Music Entertainment Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniplex" title="Aniplex">Aniplex</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_trademarks" title="List of Sony trademarks">Technologies<br />and brands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_%CE%B1" title="Sony α">α (Alpha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betacam" title="Betacam">Betacam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bionz" title="Bionz">Bionz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bravia_(brand)" title="Bravia (brand)">Bravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_(microprocessor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell (microprocessor)">Cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-shot" title="Cyber-shot">Cyber-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dash" title="Sony Dash">Dash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dream_Machine" title="Sony Dream Machine">Dream Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exmor" title="Exmor">Exmor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeliCa" title="FeliCa">FeliCa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handycam" title="Handycam">Handycam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDCAM" title="HDCAM">HDCAM/HDCAM-SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMZ-T1" title="HMZ-T1">HMZ-T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inzone" title="Inzone">Inzone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LocationFree_Player" title="LocationFree Player">LocationFree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_Stick" title="Memory Stick">Memory Stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniDisc" title="MiniDisc">MiniDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">MiniDV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroMV" title="MicroMV">MicroMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mylo_(Sony)" title="Mylo (Sony)">mylo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayNow_Arena" title="PlayNow Arena">PlayNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Reader" title="Sony Reader">Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/PDIF" title="S/PDIF">S/PDIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dynamic_Digital_Sound" title="Sony Dynamic Digital Sound">SDDS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_8_channel_SDDS_films" title="List of 8 channel SDDS films">8 channel films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Network" title="Sony Entertainment Network">Sony Entertainment Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_X-tal_Reflective_Display" title="Silicon X-tal Reflective Display">SXRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Tablet" title="Sony Tablet">Sony Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_diode" title="Tunnel diode">Tunnel diode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TransferJet" title="TransferJet">TransferJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Disc" title="Universal Media Disc">UMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_mm_video_format" title="8 mm video format">Video8/Hi8/Digital8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Vision-S" title="Sony Vision-S">Vision-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkman" title="Walkman">Walkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XDCAM" title="XDCAM">XDCAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Xperia" title="Sony Xperia">Xperia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIBO" title="AIBO">AIBO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CV-2000" title="CV-2000">CV-2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape" title="Digital Audio Tape">DAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLI%C3%89" title="CLIÉ">Sony CLIÉ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discman" title="Discman">Discman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumbotron" title="Jumbotron">Jumbotron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Lissa" title="Sony Lissa">Lissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Mavica" title="Sony Mavica">Mavica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_NEWS" title="Sony NEWS">NEWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optiarc" title="Optiarc">Optiarc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualia_(Sony)" title="Qualia (Sony)">Qualia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Rolly" title="Sony Rolly">Rolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-55" title="TR-55">TR-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitron" title="Trinitron">Trinitron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FD_Trinitron/WEGA" title="FD Trinitron/WEGA">FD series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_C_videotape" title="Type C videotape">1 inch Type C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-matic" title="U-matic">U-matic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Watchman" title="Sony Watchman">Watchman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEGA" title="WEGA">WEGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Creative_Software" title="Sony Creative Software">Sony Creative Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeliCa" title="FeliCa">FeliCa Networks</a> (57%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">Online distribution</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Content_delivery_network" title="Content delivery network">platforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Network" title="PlayStation Network">PlayStation Network</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Now" title="PlayStation Now">PlayStation Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Store" title="PlayStation Store">PlayStation Store</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Core" title="Sony Pictures Core">Sony Pictures Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SonyLIV" title="SonyLIV">SonyLIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Flix" class="mw-redirect" title="Pure Flix">Great American Pure Flix</a> (joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Media" title="Great American Media">Great American Media</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former/Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Former/Defunct</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayNow_Arena" title="PlayNow Arena">PlayNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Video" title="PlayStation Video">PlayStation Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vue" title="PlayStation Vue">PlayStation Vue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_EMEA#Anime_Digital_Network" title="Crunchyroll EMEA">Anime Digital Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anime_on_Demand" title="Anime on Demand">Anime on Demand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_Store_Australia#AnimeLab" title="Crunchyroll Store Australia">AnimeLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funimation" title="Funimation">Funimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakanim" title="Wakanim">Wakanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VRV_(streaming_service)" title="VRV (streaming service)">VRV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Network" title="Sony Entertainment Network">Sony Entertainment Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crackle_(service)" title="Crackle (service)">Crackle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Minisode_Network" title="The Minisode Network">Minisodes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Digital_Audio_Disc_Corporation" title="Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation">Sony DADC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/So-net" title="So-net">Sony Network Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Professional_Solutions" title="Sony Professional Solutions">Sony Professional Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Honda_Mobility" title="Sony Honda Mobility">Sony Honda Mobility</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDLinx" title="MDLinx">M3</a> (39.4%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a> (4.9%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other assets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Corporation_of_America" title="Sony Corporation of America">Sony Corporation of America</a> (umbrella company in the US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_Sony" title="List of assets owned by Sony">Other subsidiaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acquisitions_by_Sony" title="List of acquisitions by Sony">List of acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_owned_by_Sony" title="List of libraries owned by Sony">List of libraries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonprofit organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shohoku_College" title="Shohoku College">Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohoku College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Toshiba_IBM_Center_of_Competence_for_the_Cell_Processor" title="Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor">Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_timer" title="Sony timer">Sony timer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_industry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_industry" title="Template:Music industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_industry" title="Template talk:Music industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_industry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Music industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major companies<br />and organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Mexicana_de_Productores_de_Fonogramas_y_Videogramas" title="Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas">AMPROFON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association" title="Australian Recording Industry Association">ARIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesverband_Musikindustrie" title="Bundesverband Musikindustrie">BVMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Phonographic_Industry" title="British Phonographic Industry">BPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federazione_Industria_Musicale_Italiana" title="Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana">FIMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry" title="International Federation of the Phonographic Industry">IFPI (worldwide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-M%C3%BAsica_Brasil" title="Pro-Música Brasil">PMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Productores_de_M%C3%BAsica_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Productores de Música de España">PROMUSICAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIAA_certification" title="RIAA certification">RIAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNEP" title="SNEP">SNEP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG Rights Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Publishing_Group" title="Universal Music Publishing Group">Universal Music Publishing Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney_Music_Publishing" title="Disney Music Publishing">Disney Music Publishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Record labels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Record_label#Major_labels" title="Record label">Major</a></b></i>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group">Warner</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Independent_record_label" title="Independent record label">Independent</a></b></i>: <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_independent_UK_record_labels" title="List of independent UK record labels">Independent UK record labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Artists_Music_Group" title="Allied Artists Music Group">AAMG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retailers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_music_store" title="Digital music store">Digital music stores</a> (<a href="/wiki/ITunes_Store" title="ITunes Store">iTunes Store</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fnac" title="Fnac">Fnac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMV" title="HMV">HMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspien" title="Kaspien">Kaspien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Megastores" title="Virgin Megastores">Virgin Megastores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CTS_Eventim" title="CTS Eventim">CTS Eventim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Nation_Entertainment" title="Live Nation Entertainment">Live Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiveStyle" title="LiveStyle">LiveStyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticketmaster" title="Ticketmaster">Ticketmaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_genres_and_styles" title="List of music genres and styles">Major genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">Easy listening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_music" title="Latin music">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal music">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-age_music" title="New-age music">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">Rhythm and blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_music" title="World music">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sectors<br />and roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Album_cover#Design" title="Album cover">Album cover design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artists_and_repertoire" title="Artists and repertoire">Artists and repertoire (A&R)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_industry#Business_structure" title="Music industry">Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_education" title="Music education">Music education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_executive" title="Music executive">Music executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_fashion" title="Music and fashion">Music and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_journalism" title="Music journalism">Music journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_publisher" title="Music publisher">Music publisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_store" title="Music store">Music store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_venue" title="Music venue">Music venue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Musical instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_audio_store" title="Professional audio store">Professional audio store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promoter_(entertainment)" title="Promoter (entertainment)">Promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_promotion" title="Radio promotion">Radio promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">Record label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_shop" title="Record shop">Record shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_crew" title="Road crew">Road crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talent_manager" title="Talent manager">Talent manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_promoter" title="Tour promoter">Tour promoter</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Production" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrangement" title="Arrangement">Arrangement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songwriter" title="Songwriter">Songwriter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">Lyricist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conducting" title="Conducting">Conductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_production" title="Hip hop production">Hip hop producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn_section" title="Horn section">Horn section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">Record producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_section" title="Rhythm section">Rhythm section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">Orchestrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_musician" title="Session musician">Session musician</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backing_vocalist" title="Backing vocalist">Backup singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_singer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost singer">Ghost singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_coach" title="Vocal coach">Vocal coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghostwriter" title="Ghostwriter">Ghostwriter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Sound engineer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recording_format" title="Recording format">Release<br />formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_(music)" title="Single (music)">Single</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Extended_play" title="Extended play">Extended play (EP)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twelve-inch_single" title="Twelve-inch single">12" single</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassette_single" title="Cassette single">Cassette single</a>, <a href="/wiki/CD_single" title="CD single">CD single</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maxi_single" title="Maxi single">Maxi single</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album" title="Album">Album</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_album" title="Double album">Double album</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixtape" title="Mixtape">Mixtape</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">Music video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotional_recording" title="Promotional recording">Promotional recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonograph_record" title="Phonograph record">Phonograph record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-track_cartridge" title="8-track cartridge">Eight-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Cassette" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Cassette">Compact cassette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airplay" title="Airplay">Airplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_download" title="Music download">Music download</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_streaming_service" title="Music streaming service">Music streaming service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concert" title="Concert">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_tour" title="Concert tour">Concert tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_residency" title="Concert residency">Concert residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_festival" title="Music festival">Music festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_competition" title="Music competition">Music competition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Record_chart" title="Record chart">Charts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARIA_Charts" title="ARIA Charts">ARIA Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina_Hot_100" title="Argentina Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> Argentina Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasil_Hot_100" title="Brasil Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> Brasil Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Hot_100" title="Canadian Hot 100">Canadian Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Chart" title="Circle Chart">Circle Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Music" title="G-Music">G-Music chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Singles_Chart" title="Irish Singles Chart">Irish Singles Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federazione_Industria_Musicale_Italiana" title="Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana">Italian singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GfK_Entertainment_charts" title="GfK Entertainment charts">GfK Entertainment charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Monitoring_Africa" title="Entertainment Monitoring Africa">Entertainment Monitoring Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oricon" title="Oricon">Oricon charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_New_Zealand_Music_Chart" title="Official New Zealand Music Chart">New Zealand singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone_charts" title="Rolling Stone charts"><i>Rolling Stone</i> Top 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino_Chart" title="Sino Chart">Sino Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNEP" title="SNEP">SNEP singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverigetopplistan" title="Sverigetopplistan">Sverigetopplistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_singles_chart" title="UK singles chart">UK singles chart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/HitQuarters" title="HitQuarters">HitQuarters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hot_Press" title="Hot Press">Hot Press</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerrang!" title="Kerrang!">Kerrang!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mojo_(magazine)" title="Mojo (magazine)">Mojo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Musica_e_dischi" title="Musica e dischi">Musica e dischi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" title="Q (magazine)">Q</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smash_Hits" title="Smash Hits">Smash Hits</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Pops_(magazine)" title="Top of the Pops (magazine)">Top of the Pops</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_television" title="Music television">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_V" title="Channel V">Channel V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMT_(American_TV_channel)" title="CMT (American TV channel)">CMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuse_(TV_channel)" title="Fuse (TV channel)">Fuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnet_(TV_channel)" title="Mnet (TV channel)">Mnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV2" title="MTV2">MTV2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV_Tres" title="MTV Tres">Tr3s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_(TV_channel)" title="Much (TV channel)">MuchMusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Music_Factory" title="The Music Factory">The Music Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIVA_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="VIVA Media">Viva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Country_Network" title="The Country Network">The Country Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idol_(franchise)" title="Idol (franchise)"><i>Idol</i> franchise</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Popstars" title="Popstars">Popstars</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Academy" title="Star Academy">Star Academy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_(franchise)" title="The Four (franchise)">The Four</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_(franchise)" title="The Voice (franchise)">The Voice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_X_Factor" title="The X Factor">The X Factor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rising_Star_(franchise)" title="Rising Star (franchise)">Rising Star</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Achievements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_award" title="Music award">Music award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists" title="List of best-selling music artists">Best-selling music artists</a> <ul><li>In: <a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Brazil" title="List of best-selling music artists in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Finland" title="List of best-selling music artists in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-certified_music_artists_in_Germany" title="List of highest-certified music artists in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Japan" title="List of best-selling music artists in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_female_music_artists_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of best-selling female music artists in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <small>(Females)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-certified_music_artists_in_the_United_States" title="List of highest-certified music artists in the United States">United States</a></li> <li>Genre: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Latin_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Latin music artists">Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nationality: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Belgian_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Belgian music artists">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Brazil#Best-selling_Brazilian_artists_worldwide" title="List of best-selling music artists in Brazil">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biggest-selling_British_music_artists" title="List of biggest-selling British music artists">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_estimated_best-selling_Italian_music_artists" title="List of estimated best-selling Italian music artists">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Swedish_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Swedish music artists">Swedish</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_albums" title="List of best-selling albums">Best-selling albums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_albums_by_country" title="List of best-selling albums by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_singles" title="List of best-selling singles">Best-selling singles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_singles_by_country" title="List of best-selling singles by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_the_world%27s_highest-paid_musicians" title="Forbes list of the world's highest-paid musicians">Highest-paid musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_live_music_artists" title="List of highest-grossing live music artists">Highest-grossing live music artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours">Highest-grossing concert tours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours_by_women" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours by women">by women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours_by_Latin_artists" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours by Latin artists">Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-attended_concert_tours" title="List of most-attended concert tours">Most-attended concert tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-attended_concerts" title="List of most-attended concerts">Most-attended concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Recording_Artist_of_the_Year" title="Global Recording Artist of the Year">Global Recording Artist of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_artists_by_net_worth" title="List of music artists by net worth">Wealthiest musical artists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Album_era" title="Album era">Album era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album-equivalent_unit" title="Album-equivalent unit">Album-equivalent unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">A-side and B-side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backmasking" title="Backmasking">Backmasking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootleg_recording" title="Bootleg recording">Bootleg recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music_industry" title="Christian music industry">Christian music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_music_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental impact of the music industry">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_track" title="Hidden track">Hidden track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_music_deals" title="List of largest music deals">Largest music deals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_recorded_music_markets" title="List of largest recorded music markets">Largest recorded music markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_albums" title="List of most expensive albums">Most expensive albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_valuable_records" title="List of most valuable records">Most valuable records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_recording_certification" title="Music recording certification">Music certification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_Advisory" title="Parental Advisory">Parental Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_sales" title="Record sales">Record sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise_album" title="Surprise album">Surprise album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_label" title="White label">White label</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/16px-45_record.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/24px-45_record.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/32px-45_record.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Record_production" title="Portal:Record production">Record production portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Music_industry" title="Category:Music industry">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sony music entertainment"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14288141h">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sony music entertainment"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14288141h">BnF data</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sony Music"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/8d7e5c4c-65ae-4fc8-a0f8-d9e5d8a7e7a6">MusicBrainz place</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sony Music"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/9e6b4d7f-4958-4db7-8504-d89e315836af">MusicBrainz label</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&oldid=1259625426">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sony_Music&oldid=1259625426</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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