Electrical / electromagnetic metrology

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about="/news-events/news/2023/06/welcome-2023-nist-summer-undergraduate-research-fellows" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/06/welcome-2023-nist-summer-undergraduate-research-fellows" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/07/01/2023%20OWM%20SURF%20student%20collage.png?itok=XJk80UZC" width="98" height="100" alt="Photo collage of 2023 OWM SURF students Dinelka Jagoda, Benjamin Tran, Travis "TJ" White, and Bryan Rezende " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/06/welcome-2023-nist-summer-undergraduate-research-fellows"><span property="schema:name">Welcome 2023 NIST Summer Undergraduate Research Fellows!</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-06-30T12:00:00Z">June 30, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> Byline: Elizabeth Benham, Isabel Baucom Chavez, and Maritoni Litorja The Office of Weights and Measures (OWM) welcomes four 2023 NIST Summer Undergraduate </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2023/04/nist-scientists-develop-novel-ct-scan-device-integrated-circuits" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/04/nist-scientists-develop-novel-ct-scan-device-integrated-circuits" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/04/11/tabletop-x-ray-tomography.png?itok=28zFZim2" width="100" height="74" alt="tabletop x-ray tomography illustration" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/04/nist-scientists-develop-novel-ct-scan-device-integrated-circuits"><span property="schema:name">NIST Scientists Develop Novel CT Scan Device for Integrated Circuits</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-04-14T12:00:00Z">April 14, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and their colleagues have developed a novel tabletop device that takes three </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2023/04/manipulating-multiple-lasers-single-chip-paving-way-new-generation-quantum" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/04/manipulating-multiple-lasers-single-chip-paving-way-new-generation-quantum" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/04/10/Aksyuk%20modified.png?itok=i9c94MhE" width="89" height="100" alt="on-chip system illustration" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/04/manipulating-multiple-lasers-single-chip-paving-way-new-generation-quantum"><span property="schema:name">Manipulating Multiple Lasers on a Single Chip: Paving the Way for a New Generation of Quantum Devices</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-04-10T12:00:00Z">April 10, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed chip-scale devices for simultaneously manipulating the color, focus </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news-updates/topic/249071">View All News and Updates</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2> <div class="string">Projects and Programs</div> </h2> </div> <div class="nist-block "> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-03fdcba0c25c7af0e97c1b9f6d56d09e625b573629ff048e6ec765b9d3a52fe9"> <div> <article about="/programs-projects/measuring-intermolecular-interactions-electro-acoustic-spectroscopy" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/measuring-intermolecular-interactions-electro-acoustic-spectroscopy"><span>Measuring Intermolecular Interactions with Electro-Acoustic Spectroscopy</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> NIST鈥檚 Material Measurement Laboratory and Communications Technology Laboratory are developing a new spectroscopy for intermolecular interactions. The team is </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/programs-projects/integrated-cmos-testbeds-nanoelectronics-and-machine-learning" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/integrated-cmos-testbeds-nanoelectronics-and-machine-learning" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2020/02/20/cmos1.JPG?itok=hAum3t_I" width="99" height="100" alt="Small array of transistors designed for single device integration." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/integrated-cmos-testbeds-nanoelectronics-and-machine-learning"><span>Integrated CMOS Testbeds for Nanoelectronics and Machine Learning</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> With the rise of artificial intelligence and its insatiable demand for low-energy, high performance computing, research is accelerating into novel nanodevices </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/programs-projects/metrology-ohm" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/metrology-ohm" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/06/07/metrology-ohm-team.jpg?itok=9o3twvrX" width="100" height="75" alt="metrology of the ohm team" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/metrology-ohm"><span>Metrology of the Ohm</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Resistance standards traceable to NIST provide references for measurements of current at levels from 3000 A to below 20 fA and are used to support a wide </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/programs-projects/advanced-microwave-photonics" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/advanced-microwave-photonics" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2016/09/13/qim-image_1.jpg?itok=LLjypQGR" width="100" height="75" alt="qim image" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/advanced-microwave-photonics"><span>Advanced Microwave Photonics</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Research on quantum information (QI) seeks to control and exploit exotic properties of quantum mechanics, and researchers are already generating "unbreakable" </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs/topic/249071">View All Projects/Programs</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2> <div class="string">Publications</div> </h2> </div> <div class="nist-block "> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-40783ab9810183c8f5a30363727617f2dea9027ec93d45f416bdf0291263c192"> <div> <article about="/publications/fully-integrated-automatically-generated-dc-dc-converter-maintaining-75-efficiency-398" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/publications/fully-integrated-automatically-generated-dc-dc-converter-maintaining-75-efficiency-398"><span>A fully integrated, automatically generated DC-DC converter maintaining > 75% efficiency from 398 K down to 23 K across wide load ranges in 12 nm FinFET</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-01-01T12:00:00Z">January 1, 2024</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline text-long"> <div class="nist-field__label">Author(s)</div> <div class="nist-field__item">Anhang Li, Jeongsup Lee, Prashansa Mukim, <span class="nist-author">Brian Hoskins</span>, <span class="nist-author">Pragya Shrestha</span>, David Wentzloff, David Blaauw, Dennis Sylvester, Mehdi Saligane</div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> This paper presents a fully integrated recursive successive-approximation switched capacitor (RSC) DC-DC converter implemented using an automatic cell-based </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/publications/robotic-antenna-measurements" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/publications/robotic-antenna-measurements"><span>Robotic Antenna Measurements</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-12-11T12:00:00Z">December 11, 2023</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline text-long"> <div class="nist-field__label">Author(s)</div> <div class="nist-field__item"><span class="nist-author">Josh Gordon</span></div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Robots excel at manipulating objects with 6 degree of freedom movement. A combination of well-defined kinematics, optimized control loops, and robust mechanical </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/publications/using-graphene-and-2d-topological-insulators-global-standard-quantum-electrical-units" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/publications/using-graphene-and-2d-topological-insulators-global-standard-quantum-electrical-units"><span>Using Graphene and 2D Topological Insulators as a Global Standard for Quantum Electrical Units</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-11-20T12:00:00Z">November 20, 2023</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline text-long"> <div class="nist-field__label">Author(s)</div> <div class="nist-field__item"><span class="nist-author">Albert Rigosi</span></div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/publications/microstrip-and-grounded-cpw-calibration-kit-comparison-wafer-transistor" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/publications/microstrip-and-grounded-cpw-calibration-kit-comparison-wafer-transistor"><span>Microstrip and Grounded CPW Calibration Kit Comparison for On-Wafer Transistor Characterization from 220 GHz to 325 GHz</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-11-15T12:00:00Z">November 15, 2023</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline text-long"> <div class="nist-field__label">Author(s)</div> <div class="nist-field__item"><span class="nist-author">Rob Jones</span>, <span class="nist-author">Jerome Cheron</span>, <span class="nist-author">Bryan Bosworth</span>, <span class="nist-author">Ben Jamroz</span>, <span class="nist-author">Dylan Williams</span>, Miguel Urteaga, <span class="nist-author">Ari Feldman</span>, Peter Aaen</div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> In this paper, we investigate the effect of two calibration errors, probe placement and capacitance per unit length, on transistor characterization from 220 GHz </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2> <div class="string">Tools and Instruments</div> </h2> </div> <div class="nist-block "> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-bb932f7115e6332ab44b6a2e690f3faf93c74da8ab16e236b68ccf5f47014fda"> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/high-throughput-combinatorial-screening-tool-characterization-thin" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/high-throughput-combinatorial-screening-tool-characterization-thin" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/02/02/HTPFSI.jpg?itok=0KZEGE25" width="75" height="100" alt="hotograph of the custom high temperature (>300 K) scanning instrument that measures electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/high-throughput-combinatorial-screening-tool-characterization-thin"><span>High Throughput (Combinatorial) Screening Tool for Characterization of Thin Film Thermoelectrics as a Function Temperature</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Description High-throughput (combinatorial) metrologies have evolved as a useful approach to rapidly determine the composition-structure-property relationships </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/apparatus-measurement-high-temperature-thermoelectric-transport" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/apparatus-measurement-high-temperature-thermoelectric-transport" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240120075831im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2017/10/05/htte_apparatus_collage.jpg?itok=DBdKvN-n" width="100" height="87" alt="HTTE Apparatus" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/apparatus-measurement-high-temperature-thermoelectric-transport"><span>Apparatus for the Measurement of High Temperature Thermoelectric Transport Properties</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Description The Seebeck coefficient is a widely measured transport property that provides fundamental information on charge carrier transport and the electronic </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/molecular-beam-epitaxy-mbe-facility" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240120075831/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/molecular-beam-epitaxy-mbe-facility" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" 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