CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="no-js" lang="en"> <head><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.stsci.edu/roman/documentation/science-publications" /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=yes"> <meta name="description" content="View a list of publications from the scientific literature with significant content related to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. "> <meta name="target_country" content="us"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:title" content="Science Publications"> <meta property="og:description" content="View a list of publications from the scientific literature with significant content related to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. "> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="STScI"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.stsci.edu/home/roman/documentation/science-publications"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.stsci.edu/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/android-chrome-256x256.png"> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content=""> <title>Science Publications | STScI</title> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Q Starter Kit"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="228x228" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/coast-228x228.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/favicon.ico"> <link rel="manifest" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#fff"> <meta name="application-name" content="Q Starter Kit"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#fff"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="ucode" content="7EjHDCsimuhXhSQbYRmjcRWav3ttb3oEyGA9w9gU"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 320px) and (height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 320px) and (height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 320px) and (height: 568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 375px) and (height: 667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-750x1294.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 414px) and (height: 736px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-1182x2208.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 414px) and (height: 736px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-1242x2148.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 768px) and (height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 768px) and (height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 768px) and (height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" media="(width: 768px) and (height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/favicons/apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png">  <link href="//vjs.zencdn.net/8.3.0/video-js.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/css/www-override-7dd8e21801.css" media="all" type="text/css"/> <script src="/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/js/app-4ce46368bb1e181efb33.js"></script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WLHX35S'); </script> <script type="application/json" id="jahia-data-ctx">{"contextPath":"","lang":"en","uilang":"en","siteUuid":"d85e23b0-e23b-4e9c-8429-7026227a8d6c","wcag":false,"ckeCfg":""}</script> <script type="application/json" id="jahia-data-ck">{"path":"/modules/ckeditor/javascript/","lng":"en_US"}</script> <script src="/javascript/initJahiaContext.js"></script> <link id="staticAssetCSS0" rel="stylesheet" href="/generated-resources/a684353ecae85a5cae61707e2ac35c29.min.css" media="screen" type="text/css"/> <script id="staticAssetJavascript0" src="/generated-resources/28539a6756fcc041cfc6469aa54f5329.min.js" ></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6Lf1JKUUAAAAADlRmvbTMzYD_fmo83Av-gytnpXw"></script> <script > $(document).ready(function() { const siteSearchForm = { searchForm: document.getElementById('search-input'), submitHandler: function submitHandler(e) { e.preventDefault(); grecaptcha.ready(function() { grecaptcha.execute('6Lf1JKUUAAAAADlRmvbTMzYD_fmo83Av-gytnpXw', {action: 'searchSubmission'}).then(function(token) { $('#search-input').prepend('<input type="hidden" name="token" value="' + token + '">'); $('#search-input').prepend('<input type="hidden" name="action" value="searchSubmission">'); document.getElementById('search-input').submit(); }); }); }, }; siteSearchForm.searchForm.onsubmit = siteSearchForm.submitHandler; }); </script> <script type="application/json" id="jahia-data-aggregatedjs">{"scripts":["/modules/stsci-www-components/javascript/highlight.pack.js"]}</script> </head> <body id="body" data-module-core="offcanvas-nav media-queries focus-links scroll-anchor-links mathjax img-lightbox link-icons touch-detector list-style" data-site-key="www" class="www">  <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WLHX35S" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"> </iframe> </noscript> <header class="site-header"> <a href="#top-of-page" data-module-dynamic="scroll-to" class="skip-to-main btn">Skip to main content</a> <div class="navbar navbar-default clearfix container-fluid"> <div class="h2"> <div class="svg-sprite -stsci-logo logo"> <div class="logo-container"> <a href="/home" class=" no-file-icon" > <picture class='flex-ratio'> <img alt="STScI: Space Telescope Science Institute" src='/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn370' sizes='(max-width: 370px) 370px,(max-width: 768px) 768px,(max-width: 992px) 992px,(max-width: 1200px) 1200px,(max-width: 1600px) 1600px,(max-width: 2400px) 2400px, 2400px' srcset='/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn370 370w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn768 768w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn992 992w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn1200 1200w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn1600 1600w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/stsci-logo-small-test.png?t=tn2400 2400w ' /></picture></a></div></div> </div> <div class="button-div"> <div class="search-widget clearfix pull-left" data-module-core="search-widget"> <button class="btn navbar-btn search-widget__toggle advanced-search-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="search"> <span class="svg-sprite -close"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#close"></use> </svg> </span> <span class="svg-sprite -search"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#search"></use> </svg> </span> <span class="hidden-xs" aria-hidden="true">Search</span> </button> <div id="advancedSearch" class="search-widget__panel js-search-panel" style="display:none;"> <div class="search-widget__input-group clearfix"> <form method="post" autocomplete="off" name="searchForm" action="/search-results.searchVerifyRecaptcha.do" id="search-input" class="Form search-widget__form search-widget__search-field dark-background-" > <input type="hidden" name="jcrMethodToCall" value="get" /> <input type="hidden" name="src_originSiteKey" value="www"/> <input type="hidden" id="searchURL" name="searchURL" value="/roman/documentation/science-publications.default"/> <label for="searchTerm">Search for news, events, etc.</label> <input name="src_terms[0].term" placeholder="Enter Search Terms" id="searchTerm" type="text" class="form-control" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="src_terms[0].applyFilter" value="true"/> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="src_terms[0].fields.siteContent"> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="src_terms[0].fields.fileContent"> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="src_terms[0].fields.description"> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="src_terms[0].fields.title"> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="src_terms[0].fields.keywords"> <input type="hidden" value="false" name="src_terms[0].fields.tags"> <div class="exact-phrase" id="exact-phrase"> <p>Do not include words like a, and, for, the, etc.</p> </div> <div class="search-help" > <p><a href="/search-results/advanced-search-syntax">Advanced Query Syntax</a></p> </div> <label class="left" for="searchMethod"> Search Method</label> <input type="hidden" name="src_sites.values" value="www"/><input type="hidden" name="src_sitesForReferences.values" value="systemsite"/> <input name="src_pagePath.value" id="src_pagePath_value" type="hidden" value="/sites/www"/> <input type="hidden" name="src_pagePath.includeChildren" value="true"/> <select name="src_terms[0].match" id="searchMethod" > <option value="all_words" >All These Words</option> <option value="exact_phrase" >This Exact Phrase</option> <option value="any_word" >Any of These Words</option> <option value="as_is" >Advanced</option> </select> <div id="search-documents-criteria"> <label class="left" for="searchNodeType"> Content Type</label> <select id="searchNodeType" name="src_nodeType"> <option value="jnt:page" >Page</option> <option value="stnt:newsFilterable" >News</option> <option value="stmix:searchableNewsletterArticle" >Newsletter Article</option> <option value="stnt:event" >Event</option> <option value="stmix:searchableAnnualReport" >Annual Report</option> <option value="stmix:hstdocs" >HST User Documentation</option> <option value="stmix:jwstdocs" >JWST User Documentation</option> <option value="jnt:file" >File</option> <option value="stmix:searchableContent" >All Searchable Content</option> </select> </div> <div id="searchOrderByContainer"><label class="left" for="searchOrderBy"> Sort By</label> <input id="searchOrderOperand" type="hidden" name="src_orderings[0].operand" value="score"> <select id="searchOrderBy" name="src_orderings[0].propertyName"> <option id="searchOrderByScore" value="score" selected>Relevancy Score</option> <option id="searchOrderByDate" value="jcr:lastModified">Date</option> </select> </div> <div class="divButton"> <input type="submit" name="search" class="btn" value="Submit"/> </div> <div class="recaptcha-branding"> <div>This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google</div> <div><a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://policies.google.com/terms" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a> apply.</div> </div> </form></div> </div> </div><button class="navbar-btn js-nav-btn btn" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Main Menu" aria-controls="MainMenu"> <span class="svg-sprite -hamburger"> <svg role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#hamburger"></use> </svg> </span> <span class="hidden-xs">Menu</span> </button> </div> </div> </header> <nav class="offcanvas is-at-top-level" aria-label="Main Menu" id="MainMenu"> <div class="offcanvas__control-bar"> <button class="navbar-btn js-nav-btn btn pull-right" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Main Menu" aria-controls="MainMenu" tabindex="-1"> <span>Menu</span> <span class="svg-sprite -close"> <svg role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><use xlink:href="#close"></use></svg> </span> </button> </div> <h2 id="h2-sr-only-main-navigation" class="sr-only">Main Navigation</h2> <div class="offcanvas__scroll-wrapper"> <div class="back-to-main"> <a href="/home" tabindex="-1">STScI Home</a> </div> <ul role="list" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="1"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/who-we-are' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Who We Are</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Who_We_Are_0_control" type="button" aria-label="Who We Are submenu" aria-controls="Who_We_Are_0_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Who_We_Are_0_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Who_We_Are_0_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/who-we-are/stsci-annual-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Annual Reports</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/who-we-are/our-history' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Our History</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Our_History_1_control" type="button" aria-label="Our History submenu" aria-controls="Our_History_1_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Our_History_1_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Our_History_1_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/who-we-are/our-history/stsci-timeline' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Timeline</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/who-we-are/leadership/jennifer-m-lotz' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Meet Our Director</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/who-we-are/leadership' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Leadership</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/what-we-do' class="offcanvas__section-link" >What We Do</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Hubble Space Telescope</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Hubble_Space_Telescope_2_control" type="button" aria-label="Hubble Space Telescope submenu" aria-controls="Hubble_Space_Telescope_2_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Hubble_Space_Telescope_2_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Hubble_Space_Telescope_2_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/about' class="offcanvas__section-link" >About</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="About_3_control" type="button" aria-label="About submenu" aria-controls="About_3_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="About_3_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="About_3_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Key Science Themes</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Key_Science_Themes_4_control" type="button" aria-label="Key Science Themes submenu" aria-controls="Key_Science_Themes_4_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Key_Science_Themes_4_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Key_Science_Themes_4_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes/solar-system' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Solar System</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes/exoplanets' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exoplanets</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes/stars-and-their-environments' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Stars and Their Environments</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes/galaxies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Galaxies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/key-science-themes/cosmology' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cosmology</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/hst-scorecard' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HST Scorecard</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hubblesite.org/mission-and-telescope/mission-timeline' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >History</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/key-individuals' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Key Individuals</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/space-telescope-users-committee' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Space Telescope Users Committee</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Space_Telescope_Users_Committee_5_control" type="button" aria-label="Space Telescope Users Committee submenu" aria-controls="Space_Telescope_Users_Committee_5_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Space_Telescope_Users_Committee_5_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Space_Telescope_Users_Committee_5_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/space-telescope-users-committee/membership' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Membership</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/space-telescope-users-committee/committee-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Committee Reports</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/about/space-telescope-users-committee/presentations-and-documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Presentations and Documentation</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/about/space-telescope-users-committee/hst-repair-contingency-plans' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HST Repair Contingency Plans</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposing_6_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposing submenu" aria-controls="Proposing_6_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposing_6_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Proposing_6_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-i' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Phase I</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Phase_I_7_control" type="button" aria-label="Phase I submenu" aria-controls="Phase_I_7_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Phase_I_7_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Phase_I_7_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/HSP/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Call for Proposals</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/hsp/hst-cycle-32-director-s-discretionary-time-submission' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Director's Discretionary Time Submission</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/HSP/HST+Cycle+31+Mid-Cycle+Time+Submission' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Mid-Cycle Time Submission</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-i/proposal-planning-toolbox' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposal Planning Toolbox</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_8_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposal Planning Toolbox submenu" aria-controls="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_8_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_8_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_8_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Exposure Time Calculator</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-i/proposal-planning-toolbox/orbital-visibility-and-scheduling' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Orbital Visibility and Scheduling</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-i/peer-review-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Peer Review Information</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-ii' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Phase II</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Phase_II_9_control" type="button" aria-label="Phase II submenu" aria-controls="Phase_II_9_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Phase_II_9_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Phase_II_9_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-ii/phase-ii-proposal-preparation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Phase II Proposal Preparation</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/HPIOM/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Phase II Proposal Instructions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-ii/visit-size-recommendations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Visit Size Recommendations</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-ii/guidelines-and-documents' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Guidelines and Documents</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/proposing/approved-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Approved Programs</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/observing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Observing_10_control" type="button" aria-label="Observing submenu" aria-controls="Observing_10_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Observing_10_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Observing_10_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/observing/scheduling' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Scheduling</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/activating-your-target-of-opportunity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Activating Your Target of Opportunity</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/observing-status' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observing Status</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/program-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Program Information</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Post-Observation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Post-Observation_11_control" type="button" aria-label="Post-Observation submenu" aria-controls="Post-Observation_11_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Post-Observation_11_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Post-Observation_11_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation/data-analysis-toolbox' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis Toolbox</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation/exception-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exception Reports</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Exception_Reports_12_control" type="button" aria-label="Exception Reports submenu" aria-controls="Exception_Reports_12_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Exception_Reports_12_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Exception_Reports_12_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation/exception-reports/gs-acq-failed-to-single-guide-star' class="offcanvas__section-link" >GS ACQ Failed to Single Guide Star</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation/reporting-problems' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Reporting Problems</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://archive.stsci.edu/hst/index.html' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Retrieving Data on MAST</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://hla.stsci.edu' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Hubble Legacy Archive</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrumentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Instrumentation_13_control" type="button" aria-label="Instrumentation submenu" aria-controls="Instrumentation_13_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Instrumentation_13_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Instrumentation_13_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Advanced Camera for Surveys</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Advanced_Camera_for_Surveys_14_control" type="button" aria-label="Advanced Camera for Surveys submenu" aria-controls="Advanced_Camera_for_Surveys_14_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Advanced_Camera_for_Surveys_14_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Advanced_Camera_for_Surveys_14_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/instrument-design' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Design</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Performance</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Performance_15_control" type="button" aria-label="Performance submenu" aria-controls="Performance_15_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Performance_15_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Performance_15_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/anneal-dates' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Anneal Dates</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/anomalies-and-artifacts' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Anomalies and Artifacts</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Anomalies_and_Artifacts_16_control" type="button" aria-label="Anomalies and Artifacts submenu" aria-controls="Anomalies_and_Artifacts_16_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Anomalies_and_Artifacts_16_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Anomalies_and_Artifacts_16_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/anomalies-and-artifacts/dragons-breath-and-edge-glow' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Dragon's Breath and Edge Glow</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/anomalies-and-artifacts/guidestars' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Guidestars</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/cte-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CTE Information</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="CTE_Information_17_control" type="button" aria-label="CTE Information submenu" aria-controls="CTE_Information_17_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="CTE_Information_17_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="CTE_Information_17_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/cte-information/post-sm4-internal-cte-for-wfc' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Post-SM4 Internal CTE for WFC</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/photometric-cte-corrections' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Photometric CTE Corrections</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/pixel-based-cte-corrections' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pixel-Based CTE Corrections</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Prism / Grism</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Prism_-_Grism_18_control" type="button" aria-label="Prism / Grism submenu" aria-controls="Prism_-_Grism_18_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Prism_-_Grism_18_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Prism_-_Grism_18_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism/acs-axe-downloadable-files' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS aXe Downloadable files</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism/wfc-g800l' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFC G800L</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism/hrc-g800l' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HRC G800L</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism/hrc-pr200l' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HRC PR200L</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/performance/prism--grism/sbc-pr110l-and-pr130l' class="offcanvas__section-link" >SBC PR110L and PR130L</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposing_19_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposing submenu" aria-controls="Proposing_19_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposing_19_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Proposing_19_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS ETC</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Dither Strategies</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Dither_Strategies_20_control" type="button" aria-label="Dither Strategies submenu" aria-controls="Dither_Strategies_20_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Dither_Strategies_20_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Dither_Strategies_20_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-wfc-dither-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-wfc-dither-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-wfc-mosaic-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-WFC-MOSAIC-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-wfc-mosaic-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-WFC-MOSAIC-BOX</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-hrc-dither-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-HRC-DITHER-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-hrc-dither-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-HRC-DITHER-BOX</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-hrc-mosaic-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-HRC-MOSAIC-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-hrc-mosaic-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-HRC-MOSAIC-BOX</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-sbc-dither-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-SBC-DITHER-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-sbc-dither-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-SBC-DITHER-BOX</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-sbc-mosaic-line' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-SBC-MOSAIC-LINE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/dither-strategies/acs-sbc-mosaic-box' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ACS-SBC-MOSAIC-BOX</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/proposing/exception-report-instructions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exception Report Instructions</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Data_Analysis_21_control" type="button" aria-label="Data Analysis submenu" aria-controls="Data_Analysis_21_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Data_Analysis_21_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Data_Analysis_21_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/aperture-corrections' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Aperture Corrections</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/distortion' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Distortion</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/dq-flag-definitions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >DQ Flag Definitions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://drizzlepac.stsci.edu/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >DrizzlePac</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/pixel-area-maps' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pixel Area Maps</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/system-throughputs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >System Throughputs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/zeropoints' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Zeropoints</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/data-analysis/photometric-transformations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Photometric Transformations</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Calibration_22_control" type="button" aria-label="Calibration submenu" aria-controls="Calibration_22_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Calibration_22_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Calibration_22_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/calibration/calibration-plans' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration Plans</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_self' >Reference Files</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/software-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Software Tools</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Software_Tools_23_control" type="button" aria-label="Software Tools submenu" aria-controls="Software_Tools_23_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Software_Tools_23_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Software_Tools_23_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/software-tools/analysis-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Analysis Tools</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/software-tools/calibration-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration Tools</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='http://drizzlepac.readthedocs.io/en/deployment/index.html' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >DrizzlePac</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_24_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_24_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_24_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Documentation_24_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/acsihb' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS Instrument Handbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/acsdhb' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS Data Handbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports (ISRs)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation/stsci-analysis-newsletter-stan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Analysis Newsletter (STAN)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation/conference-posters' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Conference Posters</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/shortcuts' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Shortcuts</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Shortcuts_25_control" type="button" aria-label="Shortcuts submenu" aria-controls="Shortcuts_25_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Shortcuts_25_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Shortcuts_25_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_parent' >ACS ISRs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/acs/documentation/stsci-analysis-newsletter-stan' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_parent' >ACS STANs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/input/acs/imaging/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS Imaging ETC</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/input/acs/spectroscopic/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS Spectroscopic ETC</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/input/acs/rampfilter/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >ACS Ramp Filter ETC</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_self' >HST Proposing</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-i' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Phase I Proposals</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/proposing/phase-ii' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_self' >Phase II Proposal</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/HSP/The+Hubble+Space+Telescope+Primer+for+Cycle+32' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >HST Cycle 32 Primer</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cosmic Origins Spectrograph</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Cosmic_Origins_Spectrograph_26_control" type="button" aria-label="Cosmic Origins Spectrograph submenu" aria-controls="Cosmic_Origins_Spectrograph_26_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Cosmic_Origins_Spectrograph_26_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Cosmic_Origins_Spectrograph_26_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/instrument-design' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Design</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/performance' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Performance</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Performance_27_control" type="button" aria-label="Performance submenu" aria-controls="Performance_27_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Performance_27_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Performance_27_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/performance/monitoring' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Monitoring</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/performance/sensitivity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Sensitivity</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/performance/spectral-resolution' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Spectral Resolution and Line Spread Functions</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposing_28_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposing submenu" aria-controls="Proposing_28_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposing_28_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Proposing_28_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/proposing/cos2025-policies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >COS2025 Policies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/proposing/observing-strategies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observing Strategies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/proposing/wavelength-tool' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Wavelength Tool</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/data-analysis--software-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis & Software Tools</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Calibration_29_control" type="button" aria-label="Calibration submenu" aria-controls="Calibration_29_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Calibration_29_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Calibration_29_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/airglow' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Airglow</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-31-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 31 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-30-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 30 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-29-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 29 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-28-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 28 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-27-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 27 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-26-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 26 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-25-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 25 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-24-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 24 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-23-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 23 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-22-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 22 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-21-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 21 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-20-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 20 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-19-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 19 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-18-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 18 Calibration Plan</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/calibration/cycle-17-calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 17 Calibration Plan</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_30_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_30_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_30_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Documentation_30_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/COSIHB' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >COS Instrument Handbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/COSDHB' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >COS Data Handbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports (ISRs)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/stsci-analysis-newsletter-stan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Analysis Newsletter (STAN)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/exception-report-instructions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exception Report Instructions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/conference-posters' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Conference Posters</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/calcos-release-notes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CalCOS Release Notes</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/cos/documentation/notebooks' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Notebooks</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Fine Guidance Sensors</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Fine_Guidance_Sensors_31_control" type="button" aria-label="Fine Guidance Sensors submenu" aria-controls="Fine_Guidance_Sensors_31_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Fine_Guidance_Sensors_31_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Fine_Guidance_Sensors_31_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/history' class="offcanvas__section-link" >History</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/instrument-design' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Design</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/performance' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Performance</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/data-analysis' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Data_Analysis_32_control" type="button" aria-label="Data Analysis submenu" aria-controls="Data_Analysis_32_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Data_Analysis_32_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Data_Analysis_32_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/data-analysis/software-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Software Tools</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/fgs/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Space_Telescope_Imaging_Spectrograph_33_control" type="button" aria-label="Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph submenu" aria-controls="Space_Telescope_Imaging_Spectrograph_33_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Space_Telescope_Imaging_Spectrograph_33_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Space_Telescope_Imaging_Spectrograph_33_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Design</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Instrument_Design_34_control" type="button" aria-label="Instrument Design submenu" aria-controls="Instrument_Design_34_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Instrument_Design_34_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Instrument_Design_34_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design/apertures' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Apertures</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design/detectors' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Detectors</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design/filters' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Filters</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design/gratings--prism' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Gratings / Prism</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Gratings_-_Prism_35_control" type="button" aria-label="Gratings / Prism submenu" aria-controls="Gratings_-_Prism_35_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Gratings_-_Prism_35_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Gratings_-_Prism_35_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/instrument-design/gratings--prism/spectral-format-plots' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Spectral Format Plots</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Performance</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Performance_36_control" type="button" aria-label="Performance submenu" aria-controls="Performance_36_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Performance_36_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Performance_36_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/anomalies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Anomalies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/image-quality' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Image Quality</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/monitoring' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Monitoring</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/sensitivity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Sensitivity</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/spectral-resolution' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Spectral Resolution</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/throughput' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Throughput</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/performance/background-noise' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Background Noise</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposing_37_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposing submenu" aria-controls="Proposing_37_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposing_37_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Proposing_37_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/proposing/go-wavecal-aperture-selection' class="offcanvas__section-link" >GO Wavecal Aperture Selection</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/proposing/exception-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exception Reports</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observing Strategies</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Observing_Strategies_38_control" type="button" aria-label="Observing Strategies submenu" aria-controls="Observing_Strategies_38_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Observing_Strategies_38_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Observing_Strategies_38_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/target-acquisition' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Target Acquisition</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/spectroscopy' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Spectroscopy</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/imaging' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Imaging</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/available-modes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Available Modes</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Available_Modes_39_control" type="button" aria-label="Available Modes submenu" aria-controls="Available_Modes_39_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Available_Modes_39_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Available_Modes_39_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/available-modes/high-contrast-coronagraphy-at-small-inner-working-angles-with-bar5' class="offcanvas__section-link" >High Contrast Coronagraphy at Small Inner Working Angles with BAR5</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/observing-strategies/available-modes/stis-bar5' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STIS BAR5</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/data-analysis-and-software-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis and Software Tools</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Data_Analysis_and_Software_Tools_40_control" type="button" aria-label="Data Analysis and Software Tools submenu" aria-controls="Data_Analysis_and_Software_Tools_40_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Data_Analysis_and_Software_Tools_40_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Data_Analysis_and_Software_Tools_40_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/data-analysis-and-software-tools/pixel-based-cti' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pixel Based CTI</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_41_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_41_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_41_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Documentation_41_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/documentation/instrument-science-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/documentation/stsci-analysis-newsletter-stan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Analysis Newsletter (STAN)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/stisihb' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >STIS Instrument Handbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/stisdhb' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >STIS Data Handbook</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/stis/flux-recalibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Flux Recalibration</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Wide Field Camera 3</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Wide_Field_Camera_3_42_control" type="button" aria-label="Wide Field Camera 3 submenu" aria-controls="Wide_Field_Camera_3_42_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Wide_Field_Camera_3_42_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Wide_Field_Camera_3_42_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/instrument-design' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Design</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Performance</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Performance_43_control" type="button" aria-label="Performance submenu" aria-controls="Performance_43_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Performance_43_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Performance_43_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/usage-statistics' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Usage Statistics</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/anomalies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Anomalies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/cte' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CTE</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/ground-testing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Ground Testing</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/monitoring' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Monitoring</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Monitoring_44_control" type="button" aria-label="Monitoring submenu" aria-controls="Monitoring_44_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Monitoring_44_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Monitoring_44_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/monitoring/complete-anneal-history' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Complete Anneal History</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/throughputs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Throughputs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/performance/cal-subsystem' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cal Subsystem</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/proposing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposing_45_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposing submenu" aria-controls="Proposing_45_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposing_45_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Proposing_45_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/proposing/dithering-strategies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Dithering Strategies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/proposing/exception-reports' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exception Reports</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Data_Analysis_46_control" type="button" aria-label="Data Analysis submenu" aria-controls="Data_Analysis_46_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Data_Analysis_46_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Data_Analysis_46_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='https://github.com/spacetelescope/WFC3Library/tree/master/notebooks/filter_transformations' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Color Conversion Notebook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/full-well-depth' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Full Well Depth</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Grism Spectroscopy</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/ir-flats' class="offcanvas__section-link" >IR Flats</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="IR_Flats_47_control" type="button" aria-label="IR Flats submenu" aria-controls="IR_Flats_47_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="IR_Flats_47_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="IR_Flats_47_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/ir-flats/blob-delta-flats-from-earth-flat-calibration-images' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Blob Delta-flats from Earth Flat Calibration Images</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/ir-persistence' class="offcanvas__section-link" >IR Persistence</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Photometric Calibration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Photometric_Calibration_48_control" type="button" aria-label="Photometric Calibration submenu" aria-controls="Photometric_Calibration_48_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Photometric_Calibration_48_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Photometric_Calibration_48_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/uvis-photometric-calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UVIS Photometric Calibration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="UVIS_Photometric_Calibration_49_control" type="button" aria-label="UVIS Photometric Calibration submenu" aria-controls="UVIS_Photometric_Calibration_49_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="UVIS_Photometric_Calibration_49_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="7" aria-labelledby="UVIS_Photometric_Calibration_49_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/uvis-photometric-calibration/quad-filter-photometry' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Quad Filter Photometry</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/uvis-photometric-calibration/uv-filter-modified-keywords' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UV Filter Modified Keywords</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/uvis-photometric-calibration/previous-uvis-photometric-calibrations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Previous UVIS Photometric Calibrations</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/uvis-encircled-energy' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UVIS Encircled Energy</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/ir-photometric-calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >IR Photometric Calibration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="IR_Photometric_Calibration_50_control" type="button" aria-label="IR Photometric Calibration submenu" aria-controls="IR_Photometric_Calibration_50_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="IR_Photometric_Calibration_50_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="7" aria-labelledby="IR_Photometric_Calibration_50_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/ir-photometric-calibration/previous-ir-photometric-calibrations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Previous IR Photometric Calibrations</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/photometric-calibration/ir-encircled-energy' class="offcanvas__section-link" >IR Encircled Energy</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/pixel-area-maps' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pixel Area Maps</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/psf' class="offcanvas__section-link" >PSF</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="PSF_51_control" type="button" aria-label="PSF submenu" aria-controls="PSF_51_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="PSF_51_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="PSF_51_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/psf/psf-search' class="offcanvas__section-link" >PSF Search</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://archive.stsci.edu/hst/index.html' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Retrieving Data</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/should-i-recalibrate' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Should I Recalibrate?</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/uvis-flats' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UVIS Flats</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/observing/post-observation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Post-Observation</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/data-analysis/uvis-and-ir-distortion-calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UVIS and IR Distortion Calibration</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/calibration-plan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration Plan</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Calibration_Plan_52_control" type="button" aria-label="Calibration Plan submenu" aria-controls="Calibration_Plan_52_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Calibration_Plan_52_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Calibration_Plan_52_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/calibration-plan/tv3-results' class="offcanvas__section-link" >TV3 Results</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/calibration-plan/tv2-results' class="offcanvas__section-link" >TV2 Results</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/calibration-plan/tv1-results' class="offcanvas__section-link" >TV1 Results</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/calibration-plan/old-versions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Old Versions</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/software-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Software Tools</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Software_Tools_53_control" type="button" aria-label="Software Tools submenu" aria-controls="Software_Tools_53_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Software_Tools_53_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Software_Tools_53_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/software-tools/crosstalk' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Crosstalk</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/software-tools/cte-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CTE Tools</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/software-tools/exposure-time-calculators' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exposure Time Calculators</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/software-tools/pipeline' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pipeline</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_54_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_54_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_54_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Documentation_54_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports (ISRs)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/stsci-analysis-newsletter-stan' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Analysis Newsletter (STAN)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Grism Resources</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Grism_Resources_55_control" type="button" aria-label="Grism Resources submenu" aria-controls="Grism_Resources_55_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Grism_Resources_55_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="6" aria-labelledby="Grism_Resources_55_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/grism-data-analysis' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Grism Data Analysis</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/wfc3-ir-grism-data-reduction-cookbook' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFC3 IR Grism Data Reduction Cookbook</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/grism-frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Grism Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/ir-grism-sky-images' class="offcanvas__section-link" >IR Grism Sky Images</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/wfc3-g141-calibrations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFC3 G141 Calibrations</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/wfc3-g280-calibrations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFC3 G280 Calibrations</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/wfc3-g102-calibrations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFC3 G102 Calibrations</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/grism-resources/uvis-grism-sky-images' class="offcanvas__section-link" >UVIS Grism Sky Images</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/documentation/conference-posters' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Conference Posters</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/wfc3/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Focus and Pointing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Focus_and_Pointing_56_control" type="button" aria-label="Focus and Pointing submenu" aria-controls="Focus_and_Pointing_56_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Focus_and_Pointing_56_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Focus_and_Pointing_56_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/focus' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Focus</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Focus_57_control" type="button" aria-label="Focus submenu" aria-controls="Focus_57_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Focus_57_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Focus_57_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/focus/secondary-mirror-moves' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Secondary Mirror Moves</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/focus/hst-focus-model' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HST Focus Model</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/focus/tiny-tim-hst-psf-modeling' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Tiny Tim HST PSF Modeling</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/pointing' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pointing</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Pointing_58_control" type="button" aria-label="Pointing submenu" aria-controls="Pointing_58_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Pointing_58_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Pointing_58_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/pointing/jitter-file-format-definition' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Jitter File Format Definition</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/pointing/determining-an-observations-orientation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Determining an Observation鈥檚 Orientation</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/fov-geometry' class="offcanvas__section-link" >FoV Geometry</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/focus-and-pointing/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/legacy' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Legacy Instruments</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Legacy_Instruments_59_control" type="button" aria-label="Legacy Instruments submenu" aria-controls="Legacy_Instruments_59_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Legacy_Instruments_59_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Legacy_Instruments_59_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/legacy/nicmos' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NICMOS</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="NICMOS_60_control" type="button" aria-label="NICMOS submenu" aria-controls="NICMOS_60_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="NICMOS_60_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="NICMOS_60_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/legacy/nicmos/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports (ISRs)</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/legacy/wfpc2' class="offcanvas__section-link" >WFPC2</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="WFPC2_61_control" type="button" aria-label="WFPC2 submenu" aria-controls="WFPC2_61_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="WFPC2_61_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="WFPC2_61_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/legacy/wfpc2/instrument-science-reports-isrs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Science Reports (ISRs)</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Reference Data for Calibration and Tools</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Reference_Data_for_Calibration_and_Tools_62_control" type="button" aria-label="Reference Data for Calibration and Tools submenu" aria-controls="Reference_Data_for_Calibration_and_Tools_62_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Reference_Data_for_Calibration_and_Tools_62_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Reference_Data_for_Calibration_and_Tools_62_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='https://hst-crds.stsci.edu/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Calibration Reference Data System (CRDS)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/file-and-table-structures' class="offcanvas__section-link" >File and Table Structures</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/reference-file-retreival-instructions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Reference File Retrieval Instructions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/legacy-instrument-reference-files' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Legacy Instrument Reference Files</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/synphot-throughput-tables' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Synphot Throughput Tables</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Astronomical Catalogs</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Astronomical_Catalogs_63_control" type="button" aria-label="Astronomical Catalogs submenu" aria-controls="Astronomical_Catalogs_63_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Astronomical_Catalogs_63_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Astronomical_Catalogs_63_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/the-agn-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >The AGN Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/atmo-2020-atmosphere-models' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ATMO 2020 Atmosphere Models</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/brown-dwarfs-and-substellar-objects' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Brown Dwarfs and Substellar Objects</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/bruzual-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Bruzual Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/the-bruzual-charlot-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >The Bruzual-Charlot Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/bruzual-and-charlot-2003' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Bruzual and Charlot 2003</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/bruzual-persson-gunn-stryker-atlas-list' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Bruzual-Persson-Gunn-Stryker Atlas list</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/buser-kurucz-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Buser-Kurucz Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/calobs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CALOBS</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/calspec' class="offcanvas__section-link" >CALSPEC</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/castelli-and-kurucz-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Castelli and Kurucz Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/composite-qso-spectra-for-nir' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Composite QSO Spectra for NIR</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/the-galactic-emission-line-object-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >The Galactic Emission Line Object Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/gunn-stryker-atlas-list' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Gunn-Stryker Atlas list</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/interstellar-extinction-curves' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Interstellar Extinction Curves</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/jacoby-hunter-christian-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Jacoby-Hunter-Christian Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/the-kinney-calzetti-spetral-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >The Kinney-Calzetti Spectral Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/kinney-models' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Kinney Models</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/kurucz-1993-models' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Kurucz 1993 Models</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/non-stellar-spectra' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Non-Stellar Spectra</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/novae-models' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Novae Models</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/phoenix-models-available-in-synphot' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Phoenix Models available in Synphot</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/planetary-nebula-spectra' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Planetary Nebula Spectra</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/pickles-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Pickles Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/simple-stellar-population-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Simple Stellar Population Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/solar-system-objects-spectra' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Solar System Objects Spectra</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/swire-galaxies' class="offcanvas__section-link" >SWIRE Galaxies</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/the-trds-brown-atlas' class="offcanvas__section-link" >The TRDS Brown Atlas</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/astronomical-catalogs/trds-brown19-spectra-of-agns' class="offcanvas__section-link" >TRDS Brown19 Spectra of AGNs</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/modewave-data' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Modewave Data</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/instrumentation/reference-data-for-calibration-and-tools/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/hst/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_64_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_64_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_64_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Documentation_64_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/documentation/handbook-archive' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Handbook Archive</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/hst/news-and-events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News & Events</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="News_and_Events_65_control" type="button" aria-label="News and Events submenu" aria-controls="News_and_Events_65_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="News_and_Events_65_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="News_and_Events_65_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/hst/news-and-events/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/hst/news-and-events/articles' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Articles</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Events</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://hubblesite.org/news/news-releases' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Press</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst' class="offcanvas__section-link" >James Webb Space Telescope</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="James_Webb_Space_Telescope_66_control" type="button" aria-label="James Webb Space Telescope submenu" aria-controls="James_Webb_Space_Telescope_66_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="James_Webb_Space_Telescope_66_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="James_Webb_Space_Telescope_66_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst' class="offcanvas__section-link" >About JWST</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="About_JWST_67_control" type="button" aria-label="About JWST submenu" aria-controls="About_JWST_67_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="About_JWST_67_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="About_JWST_67_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history' class="offcanvas__section-link" >History</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="History_68_control" type="button" aria-label="History submenu" aria-controls="History_68_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="History_68_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="History_68_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/historical-sensitivity-estimates' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Historical Sensitivity Estimates</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/jwst-advisory-committee-jstac' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWST Advisory Committee (JSTAC)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/flyers' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Flyers</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/white-papers' class="offcanvas__section-link" >White Papers</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/design-reference-mission-drm' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Design Reference Mission (DRM)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Operations Design Reference Mission (SODRM)</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Science_Operations_Design_Reference_Mission_-SODRM-_69_control" type="button" aria-label="Science Operations Design Reference Mission (SODRM) submenu" aria-controls="Science_Operations_Design_Reference_Mission_-SODRM-_69_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Science_Operations_Design_Reference_Mission_-SODRM-_69_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Science_Operations_Design_Reference_Mission_-SODRM-_69_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/solar-system-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Solar System Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/exoplanet-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exoplanet Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/galactic-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Galactic Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/nearby-galaxies-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Nearby Galaxies Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/distant-galaxies-and-cosmology-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Distant Galaxies and Cosmology Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/instrumentation-calibration-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrumentation Calibration Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/observation-calibration-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observation Calibration Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/history/science-operations-design-reference-mission-sodrm/statistical-summary' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Statistical Summary</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/stsci-and-jwst' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI and JWST</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/about-jwst/science-themes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Themes</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/news-events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News & Events</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="News_and_Events_70_control" type="button" aria-label="News and Events submenu" aria-controls="News_and_Events_70_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="News_and_Events_70_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="News_and_Events_70_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/news-events/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/news-events/events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Events</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/news-events/articles' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Articles</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/instrumentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrumentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Instrumentation_71_control" type="button" aria-label="Instrumentation submenu" aria-controls="Instrumentation_71_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Instrumentation_71_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Instrumentation_71_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/instrumentation/instruments' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Instruments</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/instrumentation/imaging-modes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Imaging Modes</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/instrumentation/spectroscopic-modes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Spectroscopic Modes</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Planning</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Science_Planning_72_control" type="button" aria-label="Science Planning submenu" aria-controls="Science_Planning_72_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Science_Planning_72_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Science_Planning_72_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/calls-for-proposals-and-policy' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calls for Proposals and Policy</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposal Planning Toolbox</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_73_control" type="button" aria-label="Proposal Planning Toolbox submenu" aria-controls="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_73_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_73_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Proposal_Planning_Toolbox_73_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/exposure-time-calculator' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exposure Time Calculator</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/target-visibility-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Target Visibility Tools</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/psf-simulation-tool' class="offcanvas__section-link" >PSF Simulation Tool</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/jist' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JIST</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/sensitivity-and-saturation-limits' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Sensitivity and Saturation Limits</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/mirage' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Mirage</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/mirisim' class="offcanvas__section-link" >MIRISim</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/simulated-data' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Simulated Data</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/proposal-planning-toolbox/proposal-training' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Proposal Training</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/tools-from-the-community' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Tools from the Community</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/user-committees' class="offcanvas__section-link" >User Committees</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="User_Committees_74_control" type="button" aria-label="User Committees submenu" aria-controls="User_Committees_74_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="User_Committees_74_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="User_Committees_74_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/user-committees/jwst-users-committee' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWST Users Committee</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-planning/user-committees/jwst-science-working-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWST Science Working Group</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Execution</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Science_Execution_75_control" type="button" aria-label="Science Execution submenu" aria-controls="Science_Execution_75_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Science_Execution_75_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Science_Execution_75_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/program-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Program Information</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Approved Programs</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Approved_Programs_76_control" type="button" aria-label="Approved Programs submenu" aria-controls="Approved_Programs_76_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Approved_Programs_76_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Approved_Programs_76_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/general-observers' class="offcanvas__section-link" >General Observers</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="General_Observers_77_control" type="button" aria-label="General Observers submenu" aria-controls="General_Observers_77_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="General_Observers_77_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="General_Observers_77_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/general-observers/cycle-1-go' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 1 GO</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/general-observers/cycle-2-go' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 2 GO</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/general-observers/cycle-3-go' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Cycle 3 GO</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/guaranteed-time-observations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Guaranteed Time Observations</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/directors-discretionary-time' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Director's Discretionary Time</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-ers-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >DD-ERS</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="DD-ERS_78_control" type="button" aria-label="DD-ERS submenu" aria-controls="DD-ERS_78_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="DD-ERS_78_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="DD-ERS_78_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1288' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1288</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1309' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1309</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1324' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1324</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1328' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1328</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1334' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1334</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1335' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1335</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1345' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1345</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1349' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1349</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1355' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1355</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1364' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1364</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1366' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1366</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1373' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1373</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/dd-ers/program-1386' class="offcanvas__section-link" >ERS Program 1386</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/calibration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Calibration</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/approved-programs/webb-first-image-observations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Webb First Image Observations</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/observing-schedules' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observing Schedules</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/jwebbinars' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWebbinars</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/data-analysis-toolbox' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Data Analysis Toolbox</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/science-execution/science-publications' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Publications</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_79_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_79_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_79_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Documentation_79_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/jwst/documentation/technical-documents' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Technical Documents</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren inPath"><a href='/roman' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope_80_control" type="button" aria-label="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope submenu" aria-controls="Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope_80_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope_80_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope_80_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/roman/about' class="offcanvas__section-link" >About</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="About_81_control" type="button" aria-label="About submenu" aria-controls="About_81_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="About_81_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="About_81_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/roman/about/science-themes' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Themes</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/about/partners' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Partners</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/roman/about/roman-advisory-committee-rstac' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Roman Space Telescope Advisory Committee (RSTAC)</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/surveys-and-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Surveys and Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/observatory' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Observatory</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/science-planning-toolbox' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Planning Toolbox</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren inPath"><a href='/roman/documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Documentation</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Documentation_82_control" type="button" aria-label="Documentation submenu" aria-controls="Documentation_82_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Documentation_82_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Documentation_82_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/roman/documentation/technical-documentation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Technical Documentation</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren inPath selected"><a href='/roman/documentation/science-publications' class="offcanvas__section-link" aria-current='page'>Science Publications</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://roman-docs.stsci.edu/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >RDox</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://archive.stsci.edu/missions-and-data/roman/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Roman at MAST</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/roman/news-and-events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News & Events</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="News_and_Events_83_control" type="button" aria-label="News and Events submenu" aria-controls="News_and_Events_83_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="News_and_Events_83_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="News_and_Events_83_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/roman/news-and-events/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/news-and-events/events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Events</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/roman/news-and-events/articles' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Articles</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/roman/news-and-events/press' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Press</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://archive.stsci.edu/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST)</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Scientific Community</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Scientific_Community_84_control" type="button" aria-label="Scientific Community submenu" aria-controls="Scientific_Community_84_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Scientific_Community_84_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Scientific_Community_84_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/community-missions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Community Missions</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Community_Missions_85_control" type="button" aria-label="Community Missions submenu" aria-controls="Community_Missions_85_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Community_Missions_85_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Community_Missions_85_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/community-missions/services' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Services</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Services_86_control" type="button" aria-label="Services submenu" aria-controls="Services_86_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Services_86_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Services_86_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/community-missions/services/peer-review' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Peer Review</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/community-missions/missions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Missions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/community-missions/advanced-concepts' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Advanced Concepts</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Grants Administration</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Grants_Administration_87_control" type="button" aria-label="Grants Administration submenu" aria-controls="Grants_Administration_87_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Grants_Administration_87_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Grants_Administration_87_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/stsci-budget-proposer-guide' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Budget Proposer Guide</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/stgms-user-guide' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STGMS User Guide</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/nhfp-grant-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NHFP Grant Resources</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="NHFP_Grant_Resources_88_control" type="button" aria-label="NHFP Grant Resources submenu" aria-controls="NHFP_Grant_Resources_88_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="NHFP_Grant_Resources_88_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="NHFP_Grant_Resources_88_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/nhfp-grant-resources/nhfp-stgms-user-guide' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NHFP STGMS User Guide</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/grants-administration/nhfp-grant-resources/nhfp-frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NHFP Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/stsci-library-and-institutional-archive' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Library and Institutional Archive</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="STScI_Library_and_Institutional_Archive_89_control" type="button" aria-label="STScI Library and Institutional Archive submenu" aria-controls="STScI_Library_and_Institutional_Archive_89_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="STScI_Library_and_Institutional_Archive_89_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="STScI_Library_and_Institutional_Archive_89_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/stsci-library-and-institutional-archive/our-collections' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Our Collections</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/stsci-library-and-institutional-archive/institutional-archive' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Institutional Archive</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/stsci-library-and-institutional-archive/missions-publications' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Missions Publications</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Missions_Publications_90_control" type="button" aria-label="Missions Publications submenu" aria-controls="Missions_Publications_90_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Missions_Publications_90_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Missions_Publications_90_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/stsci-library-and-institutional-archive/missions-publications/bibliography-methodology' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Bibliography Methodology</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://archive.stsci.edu/publishing/bibliography#/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Publication Search</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='https://archive.stsci.edu/hst/bibliography/pubstat.html' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Hubble Publication Statistics</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://mast.stsci.edu/papertrack/reports/jwst' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Webb Publication Statistics</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='https://stsci.on.worldcat.org/discovery' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Our Catalog</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Software</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Software_91_control" type="button" aria-label="Software submenu" aria-controls="Software_91_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Software_91_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Software_91_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Astronomer's Proposal Tool (APT)</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Astronomeraposs_Proposal_Tool_-APT-_92_control" type="button" aria-label="Astronomer's Proposal Tool (APT) submenu" aria-controls="Astronomeraposs_Proposal_Tool_-APT-_92_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Astronomeraposs_Proposal_Tool_-APT-_92_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Astronomeraposs_Proposal_Tool_-APT-_92_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt/linux' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Linux</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt/mac-os' class="offcanvas__section-link" >macOS</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt/windows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Windows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt/previous-apt-releases' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Previous APT Releases</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/astronomers-proposal-tool-apt/hst-training-materials' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HST Training Materials</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='http://etc.stsci.edu/etc/' class="offcanvas__section-link" target='_blank' >Exposure Time Calculator</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/drizzlepac' class="offcanvas__section-link" >DrizzlePac</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="DrizzlePac_93_control" type="button" aria-label="DrizzlePac submenu" aria-controls="DrizzlePac_93_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="DrizzlePac_93_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="DrizzlePac_93_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/drizzlepac/features' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Features</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/drizzlepac/frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/drizzlepac/instrument-characteristics' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Instrument Characteristics</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/drizzlepac/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/scientific-community/software/axe' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HSTaXe</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="HSTaXe_94_control" type="button" aria-label="HSTaXe submenu" aria-controls="HSTaXe_94_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="HSTaXe_94_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="HSTaXe_94_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/software/axe/axedrizzle' class="offcanvas__section-link" >aXedrizzle</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/scientific-community/scientific-careers' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Scientific Careers</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Research</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="STScI_Research_95_control" type="button" aria-label="STScI Research submenu" aria-controls="STScI_Research_95_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="STScI_Research_95_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="STScI_Research_95_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Research Groups</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Research_Groups_96_control" type="button" aria-label="Research Groups submenu" aria-controls="Research_Groups_96_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Research_Groups_96_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Research_Groups_96_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/active-galactic-nuclei-research-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Active Galactic Nuclei Research Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/extrasolar-planetary-systems-imaging-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Extrasolar Planetary Systems Imaging Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/galaxies-and-the-cgm-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Galaxies and the CGM Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/galaxy-clusters-science-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Galaxy Clusters Science Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/hstpromo-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HSTPROMO Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/interstellar-medium-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Interstellar Medium* Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/jwst-telescope-scientist-team' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWST Telescope Scientist Team</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/milky-way-halo-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Milky Way Halo Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/reionization-and-emission-line-galaxies-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Reionization and Emission Line Galaxies Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/star-and-planet-formation-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Star and Planet Formation Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/transient-science-space-telescope' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Transient Science @ Space Telescope Group</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-groups/transiting-exoplanets-group' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Transiting Exoplanets Group</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Research Topics and Programs</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Research_Topics_and_Programs_97_control" type="button" aria-label="Research Topics and Programs submenu" aria-controls="Research_Topics_and_Programs_97_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Research_Topics_and_Programs_97_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Research_Topics_and_Programs_97_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/russell-b-makidon-optics-laboratory' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Russell B. Makidon Optics Laboratory</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Russell_B-_Makidon_Optics_Laboratory_98_control" type="button" aria-label="Russell B. Makidon Optics Laboratory submenu" aria-controls="Russell_B-_Makidon_Optics_Laboratory_98_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Russell_B-_Makidon_Optics_Laboratory_98_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Russell_B-_Makidon_Optics_Laboratory_98_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/russell-b-makidon-optics-laboratory/meet-the-team' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Meet the Team</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/russell-b-makidon-optics-laboratory/news-from-the-lab' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News from the Lab</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Institute for Planets and Life</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Institute_for_Planets_and_Life_99_control" type="button" aria-label="Institute for Planets and Life submenu" aria-controls="Institute_for_Planets_and_Life_99_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Institute_for_Planets_and_Life_99_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Institute_for_Planets_and_Life_99_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life/astrophysics' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Astrophysics</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life/planetary-sciences' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Planetary Sciences</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life/biological-sciences' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Biological Sciences</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life/events-and-lectures' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Events and Lectures</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/institute-for-planets-and-life/related-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Related Resources</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exoplanet and Planetary Science</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Exoplanet_and_Planetary_Science_100_control" type="button" aria-label="Exoplanet and Planetary Science submenu" aria-controls="Exoplanet_and_Planetary_Science_100_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Exoplanet_and_Planetary_Science_100_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Exoplanet_and_Planetary_Science_100_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/hst-exoplanet-and-planetary-science' class="offcanvas__section-link" >HST Exoplanet and Planetary Science</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/jwst-exoplanet-and-planetary-science' class="offcanvas__section-link" >JWST Exoplanet and Planetary Science</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/planet-discovery-and-demographics' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Planet Discovery and Demographics</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/planet-characterization' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Planet Characterization</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/solar-system' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Solar System</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/planetary-system-formation-and-evolution' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Planetary System Formation and Evolution</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/archives-and-high-level-data-products' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Archives and High Level Data Products</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/research-topics-and-programs/exoplanet-and-planetary-science/software-and-tools' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Software and Tools</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/research-directory' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Research Directory</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Fellowships</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Fellowships_101_control" type="button" aria-label="Fellowships submenu" aria-controls="Fellowships_101_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Fellowships_101_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Fellowships_101_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NASA Hubble Fellowship Program</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="NASA_Hubble_Fellowship_Program_102_control" type="button" aria-label="NASA Hubble Fellowship Program submenu" aria-controls="NASA_Hubble_Fellowship_Program_102_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="NASA_Hubble_Fellowship_Program_102_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="NASA_Hubble_Fellowship_Program_102_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Announcement of Opportunity</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Announcement_of_Opportunity_103_control" type="button" aria-label="Announcement of Opportunity submenu" aria-controls="Announcement_of_Opportunity_103_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Announcement_of_Opportunity_103_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Announcement_of_Opportunity_103_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity/science-categories-and-techniques' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Science Categories and Techniques</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity/frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity/advice-for-applicants' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Advice for Applicants</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity/nhfp-selection-rubric' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NHFP Selection Rubric</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/host-institutions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Host Institutions and the NHFP Employment Policy</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Host_Institutions_and_the_NHFP_Employment_Policy_104_control" type="button" aria-label="Host Institutions and the NHFP Employment Policy submenu" aria-controls="Host_Institutions_and_the_NHFP_Employment_Policy_104_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Host_Institutions_and_the_NHFP_Employment_Policy_104_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Host_Institutions_and_the_NHFP_Employment_Policy_104_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/host-institutions/faq' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/nhfp-annual-symposia' class="offcanvas__section-link" >NHFP Annual Symposia</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/resources-for-current-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Resources for Current Fellows</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Resources_for_Current_Fellows_105_control" type="button" aria-label="Resources for Current Fellows submenu" aria-controls="Resources_for_Current_Fellows_105_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Resources_for_Current_Fellows_105_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Resources_for_Current_Fellows_105_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/resources-for-current-fellows/visa-and-benefits-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Visa and Benefits Information</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2024-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2024 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2023-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2023 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2022-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2022 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2021-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2021 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2020-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2020 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2019-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2019 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2018-nhfp-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2018 NHFP Fellows</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/nasa-hubble-fellowship-program/2017-and-prior-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >2017 and Prior Fellows</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/announcement-of-opportunity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Announcement of Opportunity</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/giacconi-fellowship' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Giacconi Fellowship</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/lasker-fellowship' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Lasker Fellowship</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/exoplanet-science-fellowship' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Exoplanet Science Fellowship</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/stsci-postdoctoral-fellowship' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STScI Postdoctoral Fellowship</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/davidsen-fellowship' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Davidsen Fellowship</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/brinson-prize-fellowship-program' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Brinson Prize Fellowship Program</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Brinson_Prize_Fellowship_Program_106_control" type="button" aria-label="Brinson Prize Fellowship Program submenu" aria-controls="Brinson_Prize_Fellowship_Program_106_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Brinson_Prize_Fellowship_Program_106_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Brinson_Prize_Fellowship_Program_106_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/brinson-prize-fellowship-program/announcement-of-opportunity' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Announcement of Opportunity</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/fellowships/current-and-past-fellows' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Current and Past Fellows</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/caroline-herschel-visitor-program' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Caroline Herschel Visitor Program</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Caroline_Herschel_Visitor_Program_107_control" type="button" aria-label="Caroline Herschel Visitor Program submenu" aria-controls="Caroline_Herschel_Visitor_Program_107_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Caroline_Herschel_Visitor_Program_107_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Caroline_Herschel_Visitor_Program_107_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/stsci-research/caroline-herschel-visitor-program/past-visitors' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Past Visitors</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/news' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News Center</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="News_Center_108_control" type="button" aria-label="News Center submenu" aria-controls="News_Center_108_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="News_Center_108_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="News_Center_108_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/news/press-releases' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Press Releases</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/news/journalist-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Journalist Resources</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/news/scientist-resources' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Scientist Resources</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/news/newsletters' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Newsletters</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/events' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Events</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Events_109_control" type="button" aria-label="Events submenu" aria-controls="Events_109_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Events_109_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Events_109_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/events/webcasts' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Webcasts</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Webcasts_110_control" type="button" aria-label="Webcasts submenu" aria-controls="Webcasts_110_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Webcasts_110_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Webcasts_110_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/events/webcasts/webcast-faqs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Webcast FAQs</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/communications-and-outreach' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Communications and Outreach</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Communications_and_Outreach_111_control" type="button" aria-label="Communications and Outreach submenu" aria-controls="Communications_and_Outreach_111_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Communications_and_Outreach_111_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Communications_and_Outreach_111_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/communications-and-outreach/news-production' class="offcanvas__section-link" >News Production</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/communications-and-outreach/stem-learning' class="offcanvas__section-link" >STEM Learning</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/communications-and-outreach/public-outreach' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Public Outreach</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Public_Outreach_112_control" type="button" aria-label="Public Outreach submenu" aria-controls="Public_Outreach_112_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Public_Outreach_112_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Public_Outreach_112_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/communications-and-outreach/public-outreach/public-lecture-series' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Public Lecture Series</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/opportunities' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Opportunities</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Opportunities_113_control" type="button" aria-label="Opportunities submenu" aria-controls="Opportunities_113_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Opportunities_113_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Opportunities_113_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/how-to-apply' class="offcanvas__section-link" >How to Apply</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/benefits' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Benefits</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/opportunities/our-work' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Our Work</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Our_Work_114_control" type="button" aria-label="Our Work submenu" aria-controls="Our_Work_114_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Our_Work_114_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Our_Work_114_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Our Culture</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Our_Culture_115_control" type="button" aria-label="Our Culture submenu" aria-controls="Our_Culture_115_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Our_Culture_115_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="4" aria-labelledby="Our_Culture_115_control"><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren firstInLevel lastInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture/diversity-equity-and-inclusion' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Diversity-_Equity-_and_Inclusion_116_control" type="button" aria-label="Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion submenu" aria-controls="Diversity-_Equity-_and_Inclusion_116_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Diversity-_Equity-_and_Inclusion_116_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="5" aria-labelledby="Diversity-_Equity-_and_Inclusion_116_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/employee-resource-groups' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Employee Resource Groups</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/training-programs' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Training Programs</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/code-of-conduct' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Code of Conduct</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/our-work/our-culture/diversity-equity-and-inclusion/community-connections' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Community Connections</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/meet-our-staff' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Meet Our Staff</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/internships' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Internships</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Space Astronomy Summer Program</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Space_Astronomy_Summer_Program_117_control" type="button" aria-label="Space Astronomy Summer Program submenu" aria-controls="Space_Astronomy_Summer_Program_117_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Space_Astronomy_Summer_Program_117_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="3" aria-labelledby="Space_Astronomy_Summer_Program_117_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/program-details' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Program Details</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/application-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Application Information</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/housing-and-transportation' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Housing and Transportation</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/working-at-the-institute' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Working at the Institute</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/frequently-asked-questions' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/space-astronomy-summer-program/archived-student-presentations' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Archived Student Presentations</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren lastInLevel"><a href='/opportunities/youth-for-astronomy-engineering' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Youth for Astronomy & Engineering</a></li></ul></li><li class="offcanvas__item hasChildren"><a href='/contact' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Contact Us</a><button class="offcanvas__section-toggle" id="Contact_Us_118_control" type="button" aria-label="Contact Us submenu" aria-controls="Contact_Us_118_section" tabindex="-1" aria-expanded="false"><span class="svg-sprite -plus"><svg role="img" aria-label="open section"><use xlink:href="#plus"></use></svg></span><span class="svg-sprite -slider-dash"><svg role="img" aria-label="close section"><use xlink:href="#slider-dash"></use></svg></span></button><ul role="list" id="Contact_Us_118_section" class="offcanvas__list" data-level="2" aria-labelledby="Contact_Us_118_control"><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren firstInLevel"><a href='/contact/local-information' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Local Information</a></li><li class="offcanvas__item noChildren"><a href='/contact/getting-here' class="offcanvas__section-link" >Getting Here</a></li></ul></li></ul></div> </nav> <div class="offcanvas-body"> <section id="top-of-page"> <div class="background-img banner__interior " aria-labelledby="page-title" > <div class="row banner__content"> <div class="col-md-12 text-center"> <h1 id="page-title" class="interior-page-title ">Science Publications</h1> </div> </div> <picture class="stretch-container"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" alt="Artistic rendering of the Roman Space Telescope on space themed background" srcset="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7 1w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn370 370w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn768 768w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn992 992w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn1200 1200w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn1600 1600w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Banner-Roman-Section.jpg?t=tn2400 2400w" sizes="(max-width: 370px) 370px, (max-width: 768px) 768px, (max-width: 992px) 992px, (max-width: 1200px) 1200px, (max-width: 1600px) 1600px, (max-width: 2400px) 2400px, 2400px"/> </picture> </div> <div class="mission-nav content-section-2" data-module-dynamic="mission-nav"> <div class="container-fluid"> <nav aria-labelledby="h2-mission-nav" > <h2 id="h2-mission-nav" class="sr-only">Roman Menu</h2> <ul role="list"> <div class="nav-items-wrapper-start"></div> <li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman" >Roman Home</a> </li><li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman/about" >About</a> <div class="mission-nav__dropdown"> <ul role="list"> <li class=""> <a href="/roman/about/science-themes" class="noChildren">Science Themes</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="/roman/about/partners" class="noChildren">Partners</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="/roman/about/roman-advisory-committee-rstac" class="noChildren">Roman Space Telescope Advisory Committee (RSTAC)</a> </li></ul> </div> </li><li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman/surveys-and-programs" class="noChildren">Surveys and Programs</a> </li><li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman/observatory" class="noChildren">Observatory</a> </li><li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman/science-planning-toolbox" class="noChildren">Science Planning Toolbox</a> </li><li class="js-first-level current-section"> <a href="/roman/documentation" aria-current='page'>Documentation</a> <div class="mission-nav__dropdown"> <ul role="list"> <li class=""> <a href="/roman/documentation/technical-documentation" class="noChildren">Technical Documentation</a> </li><li class=" current-section"> <a href="/roman/documentation/science-publications" class="noChildren"aria-current='page'>Science Publications</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="https://roman-docs.stsci.edu/" class="noChildren">RDox</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="https://archive.stsci.edu/missions-and-data/roman/" class="noChildren">Roman at MAST</a> </li></ul> </div> </li><li class="js-first-level"> <a href="/roman/news-and-events" >News & Events</a> <div class="mission-nav__dropdown"> <ul role="list"> <li class=""> <a href="/roman/news-and-events/news" class="noChildren">News</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="/roman/news-and-events/events" class="noChildren">Events</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="/roman/news-and-events/articles" class="noChildren">Articles</a> </li><li class=""> <a href="/roman/news-and-events/press" class="noChildren">Press</a> </li></ul> </div> </li><div class="nav-items-wrapper-end"></div> </ul> </nav> </div> </div><div class="container-fluid breadcrumbs-container"> <nav class="breadcrumbs-share row hidden-xs hidden-sm" aria-label="Breadcrumb" data-module-dynamic="breadcrumbs"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h2 id="h2-sr-only-breadcrumbs-navigation" class="sr-only">Breadcrumbs Navigation</h2> <ul role="list" class="breadcrumbs"> <li class="breadcrumb"> <a href="/home"> <span>Home</span></a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb"> <a href="/roman"> <span>Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</span></a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb"> <a href="/roman/documentation"> <span>Documentation</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div><main id="main-content" > <section id="section-523d81ee-b620-44d5-8ebe-b2588eed8587" data-name="section-supermentions-introduction" class="section-row none" > <h2 id="h2-sr-only-48764b43-592c-46da-8a01-9e615dc04d30" data-name="h2-sr-only-supermentions-introduction" class="sr-only" data-include-in-navigation="true"> Supermentions Introduction</h2> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="section-header col-xs-12 text-center"> <p>STScI maintains a list of publications from the scientific literature with significant content related to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.</p> <p>This list includes refereed articles and select white papers describing science cases, anticipated observations, and simulations, and will include articles that use Roman Space Telescope science data after commissioning.<br />  </p> </div> </div> </div>    <div class="filter-bar-container" > <section id="section-filter-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="section-row none" aria-labelledby="h3-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369"> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <section id="201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="filter-bar content-section-2" data-module-dynamic="filter-bar"> <button class="btn filter-bar__collapser collapsed" data-collapse-filters="" data-target=".filter-bar__content" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"> <span class="filter-bar__collapser-text">Filter Publications</span> <span class="svg-sprite -hamburger"> <svg aria-label="Show " role="img"><use xlink:href="#hamburger" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></use></svg> </span> <span class="svg-sprite -close"> <svg aria-label="Hide " role="img"><use xlink:href="#close" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></use></svg> </span> </button> <div class="filter-bar__content "> <h3 id="h3-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="filter-bar__title" data-include-in-navigation="false">Filter Publications</h3> <div class="filter-bar__filter-wrapper">  <div class="filter-bar__wrapper"> <input class="filter-bar__filter" data-filter="text" name="keyword" placeholder="Enter Keyword" value='' type="text" /> <span class="svg-sprite -search"><svg role="img" aria-label="Search Icon" focusable="false"><use xlink:href="#search"></use></svg></span> </div> <div class="filter-bar__wrapper"> <input class="filter-bar__filter date-range" name="fromDate" id="filter-date--from" type="text" placeholder="From" data-filter="date--from" value="" autocomplete="off"> <span class="svg-sprite -calendar"><svg role="img" aria-label="Calendar Icon" focusable="false"><use xlink:href="#calendar"></use></svg></span> </div> <div class="filter-bar__wrapper"> <input class="filter-bar__filter date-range" name="toDate" id="filter-date--to" type="text" placeholder="To" data-filter="date--to" value="" autocomplete="off"> <span class="svg-sprite -calendar"><svg role="img" aria-label="Calendar Icon" focusable="false"><use xlink:href="#calendar"></use></svg></span> </div><button class="btn btn-hexagon gold filter-bar__clear-all" type="button" data-clear-all> <span>Clear All</span> </button> </div> <button class="btn btn-hexagon gold" type="button" data-submit-filters> <span>Apply</span> </button> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> <section id="section-filter-before-results-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369"> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <div class="filter-bar__before-results"> <div id="filter-bar__items-per-page-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="filter-bar__items-per-page"> <label for="itemsPerPage-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" id="itemsPerPage-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369_label"> <span>Items per page:</span> <select id="itemsPerPage-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="items-per-page" name="itemsPerPage" data-module-dynamic="selectmenuapply"> <option value="15" selected='selected'>15</option> <option value="25" >25</option> <option value="50" >50</option> <option value="100" >100</option> </select> </label> <strong>(245 total)</strong> </div> <div data-applied-filters ></div> </div> </div> </section> <div id="matching-items-message-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" class="sr-only" aria-live="polite"></div> <section id="section-filter-listing-results-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" data-name="section-filter-listing-results" class="section-row none" data-showing-results="15" data-total-results="245"> <h3 id="h3-sr-only-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369" data-name="h3-sr-only-filter-listing-results" class="sr-only" data-include-in-navigation="false"> Filter Results</h3> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <div data-module-dynamic="news-listing item-numbering" data-item-numbering='{ "event-item" : 9, "listing-item" : 15 }'> <ol role="list" class="no-marker" aria-labelledby="h3-sr-only-201e1169-2c07-4c41-af57-910785ad6369"> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-45baa81c-bd8d-4162-a6bd-6e71888b7111" class="document-listing__header">Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter Simulations Using PopSyCLE</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/08</span><span> Pruett, Kerianne; Dawson, William; Medford, Michael S. et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...970..169P/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter Simulations Using PopSyCLE">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-c42a3044-4d8e-4945-9674-2102c9406035" class="document-listing__header">Natal Kicks from the Galactic Center and Implications on Their Environment and for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/08</span><span> Jurado, Carlos; Naoz, Smadar; Lam, Casey Y. et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...971...95J/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Natal Kicks from the Galactic Center and Implications on Their Environment and for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-7524626b-6f58-4ee7-aa8b-53b03abf9858" class="document-listing__header">Astrophysical systematics in kinematic lensing: Quantifying an intrinsic alignment analog</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/08</span><span> Huang, Yu-Hsiu; Krause, Elisabeth; Xu, Jiachuan et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024PhRvD.110d3509H/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Astrophysical systematics in kinematic lensing: Quantifying an intrinsic alignment analog">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-0911cbbc-64f1-499b-9c13-fc909f1a94a5" class="document-listing__header">Parallax Effect in Microlensing Events Due to Free-floating Planets</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/06</span><span> Sangtarash, Parisa; Sajadian, Sedighe</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024AJ....167..266S/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Parallax Effect in Microlensing Events Due to Free-floating Planets">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-e1e87797-b261-4cec-ac00-b4e6b9e7ae57" class="document-listing__header">GAUSSN: Bayesian time-delay estimation for strongly lensed supernovae</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/06</span><span> Hayes, Erin E.; Thorp, Stephen; Mandel, Kaisey S. et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.530.3942H/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: GAUSSN: Bayesian time-delay estimation for strongly lensed supernovae">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-12299e2d-fedb-4bb0-8c10-3e90bbb3cf7a" class="document-listing__header">Probing dark matter with adaptive-optics based flux ratio anomalies: photometric and astrometric precision</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/06</span><span> Zelko, Ioana A.; Nierenberg, Anna M.; Treu, Tommaso</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.531..885Z/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Probing dark matter with adaptive-optics based flux ratio anomalies: photometric and astrometric precision">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-619c8b09-e12b-40be-b7e9-aed7a2f4d496" class="document-listing__header">Direct Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets Using Imaging Fourier Transform Spectroscopy</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/05</span><span> Zhang, Jingwen; Bottom, Michael; Serabyn, Eugene</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024PASP..136e4401Z/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Direct Detection and Characterization of Exoplanets Using Imaging Fourier Transform Spectroscopy">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-31c9225b-3a24-4b5a-81ec-ca7c10cafb14" class="document-listing__header">Ly伪 at Cosmic Dawn with a Simulated Roman Grism Deep Field</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> Wold, Isak G. B.; Malhotra, S.; Rhoads, J. E. et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024AJ....167..157W/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Ly伪 at Cosmic Dawn with a Simulated Roman Grism Deep Field">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-ff789d18-619f-411f-9cc2-e482f29a8028" class="document-listing__header">Detectability of Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> Zhang, Saiyang; Ilie, Cosmin; Freese, Katherine</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...965..121Z/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Detectability of Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-a94d10c6-2417-4ff6-886b-d4b5b0498485" class="document-listing__header">Astrometric Microlensing by Primordial Black Holes with the Roman Space Telescope</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> Fardeen, James; McGill, Peter; Perkins, Scott et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...965..138F/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Astrometric Microlensing by Primordial Black Holes with the Roman Space Telescope">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-37c8448c-5ce6-4f6a-84a5-f1725f9a14d6" class="document-listing__header">New Light on Dark Extended Lenses with the Roman Space Telescope</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> DeRocco, William; Smyth, Nolan; Takhistov, Volodymyr</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...965L...3D/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: New Light on Dark Extended Lenses with the Roman Space Telescope">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-b017d2fa-d58e-48b0-95a5-bdb644164266" class="document-listing__header">Spatially resolved microlensing time-scale distributions across the Galactic bulge with the VVV survey</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> Kaczmarek, Zofia; McGill, Peter; Evans, N. Wyn et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.529.1308K/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Spatially resolved microlensing time-scale distributions across the Galactic bulge with the VVV survey">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-8f3429d2-bf0b-45d2-b621-78f977533a46" class="document-listing__header">Machine-learning recovery of foreground wedge-removed 21-cm light cones for high-z galaxy mapping</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/04</span><span> Kennedy, Jacob; Carr, Jonathan Cola莽o; Gagnon-Hartman, Samuel et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.529.3684K/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Machine-learning recovery of foreground wedge-removed 21-cm light cones for high-z galaxy mapping">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-1e407f09-cf18-4b53-bb11-1cea716fd48c" class="document-listing__header">Coronagraphic Data Post-processing Using Projections on Instrumental Modes</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/03</span><span> Xin, Yinzi; Pueyo, Laurent; Laugier, R. et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...963...96X/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Coronagraphic Data Post-processing Using Projections on Instrumental Modes">Read More</a></div> </article></li> <li> <article class="document-listing"> <h4 id="h4-paper-track-abstract-fbc0f6e7-555c-40c9-abc4-4b5cbc4e2752" class="document-listing__header">Simulating image coaddition with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope - II. Analysis of the simulated images and implications for weak lensing</h4> <div class="document-listing__details"> <span>2024/03</span><span> Yamamoto, Masaya; Laliotis, Katherine; Macbeth, Emily et al.</span> </div> <div><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.528.6680Y/abstract" target="_blank" class="arrow-link" aria-label="Read Article: Simulating image coaddition with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope - II. Analysis of the simulated images and implications for weak lensing">Read More</a></div> </article></li> </ol> </div> <nav class="pagination" aria-labelledby="Pagination-"> <h3 id="Pagination-" class="sr-only">Pagination </h3> <ol role="list" class="no-marker pagination-list" aria-labelledby="Pagination-"> <li class="pagination-link pagination-link__first disabled" aria-hidden='true'> <span class="sr-only-mobile">First</span> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> </li> <li class="pagination-link pagination-link__previous disabled" aria-hidden='true'> <span class="sr-only-mobile">Previous</span> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> </li> <li class="pagination-link " aria-current='page'> <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=1"> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> 1</a> </li> <li class="pagination-link " > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=2"> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> 2</a> </li> <li class="pagination-link " > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=3"> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> 3</a> </li> <li class="pagination-link " > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=4"> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> 4</a> </li> <li class="pagination-link hide-mobile" > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=5"> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> 5</a> </li> <li class="pagination-link pagination-link__next " > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=2"> <span class="sr-only-mobile">Next</span> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> </a> </li> <li class="pagination-link pagination-link__last " > <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-form-data="itemsPerPage=15&page=17"> <span class="sr-only-mobile">Last</span> <span class="sr-only">Page</span> </a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </section></section><div class="credits dark-background-stsci-dark-blue"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h2 id="h2-sr-only-pre-footer" class="sr-only">Pre-footer</h2> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <div class="column-layout "> <div class="column-layout__column col-xs-12"> <div class="component-block container-fluid"> <p class="centered"><img alt="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope insignia" class="embedded-img lazyload plain-image" data-img-title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope insignia" data-lazy-srcset="/files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn370 370w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn768 768w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn992 992w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn1200 1200w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn2400 2400w" srcset="/files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn370 370w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn768 768w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn992 992w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn1200 1200w, /files/live/sites/www/files/home/roman/_images/Roman-insignia-white.png?t=tn2400 2400w" sizes="(max-width: 370px) 370px, (max-width: 768px) 768px, (max-width: 992px) 992px, (max-width: 1200px) 1200px, (max-width: 1600px) 1600px, (max-width: 2400px) 2400px, 2400px" height="366" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" width="320" /></p> <p style="text-align: center;">The NASA Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is managed by <a href="https://roman.gsfc.nasa.gov" target="_blank">NASA/GSFC</a> with participation of <a href="/home">STScI</a>, <a href="https://roman.ipac.caltech.edu" target="_blank">Caltech/IPAC</a>, and <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/the-nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope" target="_blank">NASA/JPL</a>.<br /> <br /> <strong>Contact the <a href="https://stsci.service-now.com/roman" target="_blank">Roman Team</a></strong></p> <script>hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();</script> </div></div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div></main> <div data-module-dynamic="scroll-affix" data-activate-on-scroll="true" class="back-to-top"> <a class="back-to-top-button" href="#body" data-module-dynamic="scroll-to" aria-label="back to top"> <span class="svg-sprite -back-to-top"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#back-to-top"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </div> </section> <footer class="footer dark-background-"> <h2 id="h2-sr-only-footer" class="sr-only">Footer</h2> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <nav aria-labelledby="h3-sr-only-3dfaf367-ce4b-41ac-9c54-e8af6192041c"> <h3 id="h3-sr-only-3dfaf367-ce4b-41ac-9c54-e8af6192041c" data-name="h3-sr-only-secondary-navigation" class="sr-only">Secondary Navigation</h3> <div class="col-md-2 hidden-xs hidden-sm footer__logo"> <a href="/home" class=" no-file-icon" > <img alt="Space Telescope Science Institute Logo" src='/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn370' sizes='(max-width: 370px) 370px,(max-width: 768px) 768px,(max-width: 992px) 992px,(max-width: 1200px) 1200px,(max-width: 1600px) 1600px,(max-width: 2400px) 2400px, 2400px' srcset='/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn370 370w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn768 768w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn992 992w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn1200 1200w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn1600 1600w,/files/live/sites/www/files/home/_images/footer/stsci_pri_combo_mark_white_bkgd.png?t=tn2400 2400w ' /></a></div> <ul role="list" class="footer__link-list list-inline col-md-5"> <li><a href="/who-we-are" class="" target="_self"> Who We Are</a></li> <li><a href="/events/webcasts" class="" target="_self"> Webcasts</a></li> <li><a href="http://archive.stsci.edu/" class="" target="_blank"> MAST</a></li> <li><a href="/news" class="" target="_self"> News Center</a></li> <li><a href="https://proper.stsci.edu/proper/authentication/auth" class="" target="_blank"> MyST</a></li> <li><a href="/contact" class="" target="_self"> Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/opportunities" class="" target="_self"> Opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="/events" class="" target="_self"> Events</a></li> <li><a href="/site-map" class="" target="_self"> Sitemap</a></li> </ul> </nav><nav class="col-xs-12 col-md-4" aria-labelledby="h3-sr-only-a3d205b7-ff35-46f2-b3ac-213cc9dd832c"> <h3 id="h3-sr-only-a3d205b7-ff35-46f2-b3ac-213cc9dd832c" data-name="h3-sr-only-social-media" class="sr-only">Social Media</h3> <ul role="list" class="footer__link-list--icons list-inline"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/stsci/" target="_blank" aria-label="facebook" class="has-icon"> <span class="svg-sprite -facebook"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#facebook"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li><li> <a href="https://twitter.com/spacetelescope" target="_blank" aria-label="x" class="has-icon"> <span class="svg-sprite -x"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#x"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li><li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/space_telescopes" target="_blank" aria-label="instagram" class="has-icon"> <span class="svg-sprite -instagram"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#instagram"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li><li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQXVf-94-RV7NVTOhVCNTiQ" target="_blank" aria-label="youtube" class="has-icon"> <span class="svg-sprite -youtube"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#youtube"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li><li> <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/spacetelescope.bsky.social" target="_blank" aria-label="bluesky" class="has-icon"> <span class="svg-sprite -bluesky"> <svg role="img" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#bluesky"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li></ul> </nav><nav class="col-xs-12 col-md-4" aria-labelledby="h3-sr-only-90f8eefd-823f-4712-9340-23bd8020378e"> <h3 id="h3-sr-only-90f8eefd-823f-4712-9340-23bd8020378e" data-name="h3-sr-only-utility-navigation" class="sr-only">Utility Navigation</h3> <ul role="list"class="footer__link-list list-inline footer__link-list__utility"> <li><a href="/copyright" class="" target="_self"> Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/privacy" class="" target="_self"> Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/accessibility-statement" class="" target="_self"> Accessibility</a></li> </ul> </nav><div class="logo-container"> </div></div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="spriteSheet" class="svg-sprite-sheet sr-only" aria-hidden="true"> </div>  <script> $(function(){ let svg; svg = "/modules/stsci-www-assets/assets/svg/www-e8e93e5694.svg"; $("#spriteSheet").load(svg, function() { $('.animate-icon').trigger('spriteSheetLoaded') }); }); </script>  <script src="//vjs.zencdn.net/8.5.2/video.min.js"></script> </body> </html>