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sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">يوشۇر</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">كىرىش سۆز</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-مەنبەلەر" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مەنبەلەر"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>مەنبەلەر</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مەنبەلەر-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مەزمۇنلار" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 93 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 تىل</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruis" title="Kruis – ئافرىكانچە" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kruis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ئافرىكانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="صليب – ئەرەبچە" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صليب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ئەرەبچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A8%DC%A0%DC%9D%DC%92%DC%90" title="ܨܠܝܒܐ – ئارامۇچە" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܨܠܝܒܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="ئارامۇچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcipaiatikw" title="Tcipaiatikw – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Tcipaiatikw" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xa%C3%A7" title="Xaç – ئەزەربەيجانچە" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xaç" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ئەزەربەيجانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%AB%C5%BEios" title="Krīžios – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Krīžios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6" title="Крыж – بېلارۇسچە" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крыж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلارۇسچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6" title="Крыж – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Крыж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82" title="Кръст – بۇلغارچە" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кръст" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بۇلغارچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroaz" title="Kroaz – بىرېتونچە" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kroaz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="بىرېتونچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krst" title="Krst – بوسىنچە" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Krst" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسىنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creu" title="Creu – كاتالانچە" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Creu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="كاتالانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croce" title="Croce – كورسۇچە" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Croce" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="كورسۇچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Kříž – چېخچە" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kříž" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېخچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C4%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Хĕрес – چۇۋاشچە" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хĕрес" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چۇۋاشچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croes" title="Croes – ۋېلشچە" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Croes" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ۋېلشچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kors" title="Kors – دانىشچە" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kors" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="دانىشچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreuz_(Symbol)" title="Kreuz (Symbol) – گېرمانچە" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kreuz (Symbol)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="گېرمانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Σταυρός – گىرېكچە" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σταυρός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="گىرېكچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross" title="Cross – ئىنگلىزچە" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cross" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ئىنگلىزچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruco" title="Kruco – ئېسپرانتوچە" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kruco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ئېسپرانتوچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz" title="Cruz – ئىسپانچە" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cruz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ئىسپانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rist" title="Rist – ئېستونچە" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rist" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ئېستونچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurutze" title="Gurutze – باسكىچە" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gurutze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسكىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="صلیب – پارسچە" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صلیب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="پارسچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risti" title="Risti – فىنچە" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Risti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فىنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croix" title="Croix – فىرانسۇزچە" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Croix" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فىرانسۇزچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B4s" title="Crôs – فىرىئۇلىچە" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Crôs" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="فىرىئۇلىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crois" title="Crois – شوتلاندىيە گايلچىسى" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Crois" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="شوتلاندىيە گايلچىسى" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz" title="Cruz – گالىچە" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cruz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گالىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurusu" title="Kurusu – گۇئارانىچە" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kurusu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="گۇئارانىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korezm" title="Korezm – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Korezm" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuruusa" title="Kuruusa – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Kuruusa" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%91" title="צלב – ئىبرانىيچە" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צלב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ئىبرانىيچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BE" title="Križ – كىرودىچە" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Križ" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="كىرودىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwa" title="Kwa – ھايتىچە" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwa" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ھايتىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereszt_(jelk%C3%A9p)" title="Kereszt (jelkép) – ۋېنگىرچە" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kereszt (jelkép)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ۋېنگىرچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9" title="Խաչ – ئەرمېنچە" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խաչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ئەرمېنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9" title="Խաչ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Խաչ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruce" title="Cruce – ئارىلىق تىل" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cruce" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ئارىلىق تىل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruco" title="Kruco – ئىدوچە" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kruco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ئىدوچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croce" title="Croce – ئىتالىيانچە" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Croce" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ئىتالىيانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97" title="十字 – ياپونچە" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="十字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ياپونچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჯვარი – گىرۇزچە" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯვარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="گىرۇزچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90" title="십자 – كورېيەچە" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="십자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="كورېيەچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xa%C3%A7" title="Xaç – كۇردچە" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xaç" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="كۇردچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crux_(forma)" title="Crux (forma) – لاتىنچە" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Crux (forma)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتىنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Ххач – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ххач" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cros" title="Cros – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cros" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kry%C5%BEius" title="Kryžius – لىتۋانىچە" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kryžius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="لىتۋانىچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krusts" title="Krusts – لاتچە" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krusts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لاتچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakroa" title="Lakroa – مالاگاسچە" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lakroa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="مالاگاسچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82" title="Крст – ماكېدونچە" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Крст" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ماكېدونچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D" title="കുരിശ് – مالايالامچە" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കുരിശ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالامچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkah" title="Pangkah – مالايچە" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pangkah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالايچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruis_(symbool)" title="Kruis (symbool) – گوللاندچە" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kruis (symbool)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="گوللاندچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kross" title="Kross – يېڭى نورۋېگچە" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kross" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="يېڭى نورۋېگچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kors" title="Kors – نورۋىگىيە بوكمالچە" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kors" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نورۋىگىيە بوكمالچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crouaix" title="Crouaix – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Crouaix" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotz" title="Crotz – ئوكسىتچە" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Crotz" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ئوكسىتچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krzy%C5%BC" title="Krzyż – پولەكچە" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Krzyż" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولەكچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="صلیب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صلیب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruz" title="Cruz – پورتۇگالچە" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cruz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتۇگالچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakata" title="Chakata – كېچىۋاچە" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chakata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="كېچىۋاچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruce" title="Cruce – رومىنچە" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cruce" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومىنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Крест – رۇسچە" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крест" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="رۇسچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rughe" title="Rughe – ساردىنىيەچە" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rughe" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="ساردىنىيەچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruci" title="Cruci – سىتسىلىيەچە" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cruci" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سىتسىلىيەچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krst" title="Krst – سېرب-كرودىيەچە" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Krst" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سېرب-كرودىيەچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross" title="Cross – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cross" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%AD%C5%BE_(symbol)" title="Kríž (symbol) – سىلوۋاكچە" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kríž (symbol)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سىلوۋاكچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BE" title="Križ – سىلوۋېنچە" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Križ" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سىلوۋېنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muchinjikwa" title="Muchinjikwa – شوناچە" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muchinjikwa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="شوناچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryqi" title="Kryqi – ئالبانچە" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kryqi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ئالبانچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82" title="Крст – سېربچە" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Крст" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سېربچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kors" title="Kors – شىۋېدچە" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kors" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="شىۋېدچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Msalaba" title="Msalaba – سىۋاھىلچە" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Msalaba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سىۋاھىلچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krzi%C5%BC" title="Krziż – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Krziż" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88" title="சிலுவை – تامىلچە" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிலுவை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامىلچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Салиб – تاجىكچە" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Салиб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجىكچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99" title="กางเขน – تايلاندچە" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กางเขน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلاندچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krus_(sagisag)" title="Krus (sagisag) – تاگالوگچە" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Krus (sagisag)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="تاگالوگچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C3%A7" title="Haç – تۈركچە" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="تۈركچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Хрест – ئۇكرائىنچە" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хрест" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ئۇكرائىنچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="صلیب – ئوردۇچە" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="صلیب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ئوردۇچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xoch" title="Xoch – ئۆزبېكچە" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xoch" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ئۆزبېكچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croze" title="Croze – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Croze" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_th%E1%BA%ADp" title="Chữ thập – ۋىيېتنامچە" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chữ thập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ۋىيېتنامچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krus" title="Krus – ۋارايچە" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Krus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ۋارايچە" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97" title="十字 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="十字" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%98" title="ქაჩი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქაჩი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97" title="十字 – خەنزۇچە" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="十字" data-language-autonym="中文" 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">يوشۇر</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ئورنى Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ug" dir="rtl"><p>كرېست خرىستىئان دىنىنىڭ بەلگىسى. چېركاۋلارنىڭ ئۇچلۇق ئۆگزىسىگە كرېست تىكلەنگەن بولىدۇ، پوپلار قولىغا كرېست تۇتىۋالىدۇ، مۇرىتلارنىڭ كۆپىنچىسى بوينىغا كرېست ئېسىۋالىدۇ، دۇئا - تىلاۋەت قىلغاندىمۇ كۆكسىگە توختىماي كرېست بەلگىسىنى سىزىدۇ. . . ئىشقىلىپ خرىستىئان دىنى بارلىكى يەردە چوقۇم كرېست بەلگىسى بار. </p><p>كرېست ئەسلىدە قەدىمكى رىم پادىشاھلىرىنىڭ ئېچىنىشلىق ھالدا ئادەم ئۆلتۈرىدىغان قورالى ئىدى. كرېستنىڭ لاتىنچى مەنىسى قىسقۇچ دېگەنلىك بولىدۇ. ئۇ ئىككى تال ياغاچنى كېسىشتۈرۈپ باغلاش ئارقىلىق ياسىلىدۇ. قەدىمكى رىمدە قۇللار، ئىنقىلابچىلار ياكى پۇقرالار ھوقۇقى يوق ياقا يۇرتلۇقلارغا بېرىلگەن ئۆلۈم جازاسىنى ئىجرا قىلىشتا، گۇناھكار دەپ قارالغۇچىنىڭ ئىككى قولى كرېستنىڭ ئىككى قانىتىغا، ئىككى پۇتى كرېستنىڭ ئاستىنقى تىك تۈۋرۈكىگە مىخلانغاندىن كېيىن، كرېست تىكلەپ قويۇلاتتى، شۇنىڭ بىلەن، ئۇنىڭغا مىخلانغۇچى قانسىراپ ئېچىنىشلىق ھالدا ئۆلۈپ كېتەتتى. ئەينى چاغدا، رىم ھۆكۈمرانلىرى ئېغىر ئالۋان - ياساق، باج - سېلىقلار ئارقىلىق خەلقنى ئېكسپىلاتاتسىيە قىلاتتى، قاتتىق ئازاب - ئوقۇبەتتە قالغان خەلق ئۈزلۈكسىز قوراللىق قوزغىلاڭ كۆتۈرۈپ قارشىلىق كۆرسىتىپ تۇراتتى. مىلادىيىدىن ئىلگىرىكى73 - يىلىدىن مىلادىيىدىن ئىلگىرىكى71 - يىلىغىچە بولغان ئارىلىقتا يۈز بەرگەن سىپارتاك قۇللار قوزغىلىڭى مەغلۇپ بولغاندىن كېيىن، 6000 دىن ئارتۇق قۇل رىم كوچىسىدىكى كرېستقا مىخلىنىپ ئۆلتۈرۈلگەن، پۈتۈن ئەتراپ كرېستقا تولۇپ كەتكەن. مىلادىيىدىن ئىلگىرىكى66 - يىلىدىن مىلادىيىدىن ئىلگىرىكى70 - يىلىغىچە بولغان ئارىلىقتا پۈتۈن پەلەستىن تەۋەلىكىدە يۈز بەرگەن يەھۇدىيلار قوزغىلىڭىمۇ مەغلۇبىيەت بىلەن ئاخىرلاشقاندىن كېيىن، ئېرۇسالىم جەسەتكە تولۇپ، شۇنچە نۇرغۇن كرېستنىڭ بىرىمۇ بوش قالمىغان. شۇڭا، ئەڭ دەسلەپكى كرېستلار سانسىز بىگۇناھلارنىڭ قان - ياشلىق قىسمىتىنىڭ گۇۋاھچىسى ئىدى. </p><p>رىۋايەت قىلىنىشىچە، ئىيساغا بېرىلگەن ئۆلۈم جازاسىمۇ كرېستقا مىخلاش ئارقىلىق ئىجرا قىلىنغانىكەن. ئۇ ئۆلگەندىن كېيىن، ئۇ ئىجاد قىلغان يەھۇدىي دىنىنىڭ ناسارا مەزھىپى مۇرىتلىرى كرېتسنى ئۆزلىرىنىڭ ئېتىقاد بەلگىسى قىلغان. بۇ چاغدىكى كرېست بىر تەرەپتىن ئىيسانى خاتىرىلەشكە ۋەكىللىك قىلسا، يەنە بىر تەرەپتىن ئەينى چاغدىكى ھۆكۈمرانلارغا قارشى كۆتۈرۈلگەن ئۈنسىز چۇقانغا ۋەكىللىك قىلاتتى. كېيىنچە، كرېستنىڭ سىمۋوللۇق مەنىسدە تۈپتىن ئۆزگىرىش بولۇپ، پاك گۇۋاھچىغا، بەخت - سائادەتنىڭ سىمۋۇلىغا ئايلىنىپ، خرىستىئان مۇرىتلىرى تەرىپىدىن «كرېست گوسپېلى» دەپ ئاتالغان. بۇ جەھەتتە ئۇ بۇددا دىنىدىكى تەسۋىيدىن كۆپ پەرقلىنىپ كەتمەيدۇ. كرېست بەلگىسىنى سىزىش ئېتىقاد قىلغانلىقنى، دۇئا - تىلاۋەت قىلغانلىقنى، ئۆزىنى ئاتىغانلىقنى ياكى بەخت - سائادەت تىلىگەنلىكنى بىلدۈرىدۇ. خرىستىئان مۇرىتلىرى دۇئا - تىلاۋەت قىلغاندا يەنە «ئىخلاسمەنلىك» دېگەن مەنىنى بىلدۈرۈپ «ئامىن» دېيىشىدۇ. </p><p>كرېست بىر خىل بەلگە بولغاچقا، ئۇنىڭ شەكلى ناھايىتى كۆپ. ئادەتتە ئۇنىڭ مۇنداق تۆت خىل شەكلى بار: يۇنانچە كرېستنىڭ تۆت تەرىپى ئوخشاش ئۇزۇنلۇقتا بولىدۇ؛ لاتىنچە كرېستنىڭ ئاستىغا ساڭگىلىغان تەرىپى قالغان ئۈچ تەرىپىدىن ئۇزۇن بولىدۇ؛ قالغان ئىككى خىلى «T» شەكىللىك ۋە «X» شەكىللىك كرېستلاردۇر. كرېست بەلگىسىنى سىزىشتىكى قول ئىشارىتىمۇ چوڭ كرېست سىزىش ۋە كىچىك كرېست سىزىشتىن ئىبارەت ئىككى خىل بولىدۇ، ئالدىنقىسىدا پېشانىدىن باشلاپ مەيدىگىچە، ئوڭ - سول تەرەپكە قاراپ ئىككى مۈرىگىچە سىزىلىدۇ؛ كېيىنكىسىدە پەقەت پېشانىدىن مەيدىگىچىلا سىزىلىدۇ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="مەنبەلەر"><span id=".D9.85.DB.95.D9.86.D8.A8.DB.95.D9.84.DB.95.D8.B1"></span>مەنبەلەر</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%83%D8%B1%DB%90%D8%B3%D8%AA&action=edit&section=1" title="ئابزاس تەھرىرلەش: 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