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Constance J. Chang-Hasnain - Wikipedia

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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American electrical engineer</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Constance J. Chang-Hasnain</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ConnieChangHasnain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/ConnieChangHasnain.jpg/220px-ConnieChangHasnain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/ConnieChangHasnain.jpg/330px-ConnieChangHasnain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/ConnieChangHasnain.jpg/440px-ConnieChangHasnain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="921" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma&#160;mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis" title="University of California, Davis">University of California, Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/B._S." class="mw-redirect" title="B. S.">BS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (<a href="/wiki/M._S." class="mw-redirect" title="M. S.">MS</a>, <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known&#160;for</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VCSEL" class="mw-redirect" title="VCSEL">VCSEL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_contrast_grating_and_metastructures&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="High contrast grating and metastructures (page does not exist)">High contrast grating and metastructures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_light" title="Slow light">Slow light</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">Electrical engineering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Roy_Whinnery" title="John Roy Whinnery">John Roy Whinnery</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Constance J. Chang-Hasnain</b> is a Taiwanese-American chemical engineer who is the chairperson and founder of Berxel Photonics Co. Ltd. and Whinnery Professor Emerita of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. She was President of <a href="/wiki/Optica_(society)" title="Optica (society)">Optica</a> in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constance_J._Chang-Hasnain&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>She obtained a B.S. degree in electrical and computer engineering from <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis" title="University of California, Davis">University of California, Davis</a> in 1982, an M.S. and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering and computer science from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> in 1984 and 1987, respectively. She was a member of technical staff at <a href="/wiki/Bellcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellcore">Bellcore</a> from 1987 to 1992 and assistant professor at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> between 1992 and 1995. She joined the University of California Berkeley as professor of electrical engineering and computer sciences in 1996. She was Whinnery Distinguished Chair Professor 2006–2020; chair of the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Graduate Group 2006–2017; and associate dean for strategic alliances of College of Engineering 2014–2019. She was the founding co-director of Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) 2015–2020 and the chief academic officer of Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS) 2015–2018. </p><p>Chang-Hasnain was President of <a href="/wiki/Optica_(society)" title="Optica (society)">Optica</a> in 2021, and has been an Optica member since graduate school. She has been an active volunteer and held several leadership positions in the Society. She served as Associate Editor of the <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> <i>Journal of Lightwave Technologies</i> from 2005 to 2006, and editor-in-chief from 2007 to 2012. She was elected Director-at-Large of the Board of Directors from 1998 to 2000 and served on <a href="/wiki/Optica_(society)" title="Optica (society)">Optica</a>'s Centennial Advisory Panel from 2014 to 2016. She was elected as <a href="/wiki/Optica_(society)" title="Optica (society)">Optica</a>'s Vice President in 2019. </p><p>She served as CLEO Program Co-chair in 1997 and General Co-chair in 1999, OSA Slow and Fast Light Topical Meeting Program Co-Chair in 2006 and General Co-chair in 2007, and OSA Frontiers in Optics Conference General Co-Chair in 2007. She was the General Technical Co-Chair in 2004 and General Co-Chair for the Asia Pacific Optical Communications Conference in 2005. </p><p>Chang-Hasnain was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> in 2018 for contributions to wavelength tunable diode lasers and multiwavelength laser arrays. </p><p>She is a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Optical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="The Optical Society">The Optical Society</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Institution_of_Engineering_and_Technology" title="Institution of Engineering and Technology">Institution of Engineering and Technology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her research interests include <a href="/wiki/VCSEL" class="mw-redirect" title="VCSEL">VCSELs</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_contrast_grating" title="High contrast grating">high contrast gratings</a>, and nanostructure growth. In 2024, she received the IEEE Nick Holonyak Jr. Medal for pioneering contributions to vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and VCSEL-based photonics for optical communications and sensing. She was awarded with the 2022 Welker Award for her contributions to vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) photonics, nano-photonics and high contrast metastructures for optical communications and optical sensing. She also received the Okawa Prize in 2018 for pioneering and outstanding research of <a href="/wiki/VCSEL" class="mw-redirect" title="VCSEL">VCSEL</a> photonics through the development of their novel functions for optical communications and optical sensing. </p><p>She joined <a href="/wiki/Chinese_University_of_Hong_Kong,_Shenzhen" title="Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen">the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen</a> in 2023 and currently serves as the X.Q. Deng Presidential Chair Professor at the School of Science and Engineering of CUHKSZ.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constance_J._Chang-Hasnain&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>IEEE LEOS Distinguished Lecturer Award, 1994</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtis_W._McGraw_Research_Award&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtis W. McGraw Research Award (page does not exist)">Curtis W. McGraw Research Award</a> from the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Engineering_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="American Society of Engineering Education">American Society of Engineering Education</a>, 2000</li> <li>IEEE William Streifer Scientific Achievement Award, 2003</li> <li>National Academy of Engineering, Gilbreth Lecturer Award,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2005</li> <li>Nick Holonyak Jr. Award, Optical Society of America,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2007 <ul><li>For contributions to the control of diode lasers: vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays, injection locking and slow light</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellow" class="mw-redirect" title="Guggenheim Fellow">Guggenheim Fellow</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2009</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Research_Award" title="Humboldt Research Award">Humboldt Research Award</a>, Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung Foundation, 2009</li> <li>Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship (formerly National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship), 2008</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_David_Sarnoff_Award" title="IEEE David Sarnoff Award">IEEE David Sarnoff Award</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2011</li> <li>UNESCO Medal For the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies, 2015</li> <li>Elected Member, <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2018</li> <li>The Okawa Prize,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2018</li> <li>The Welker Award,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2022</li> <li>The IEEE Nick Holonyak Jr. Medal Award, 2024</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constance_J._Chang-Hasnain&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osa.org/en-us/about/leadership_and_volunteers/board/">"Leadership &amp; Volunteers, Optica (formerly OSA)"</a>. September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921003034/https://www.osa.org/en-us/about/leadership_and_volunteers/board/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Leadership+%26+Volunteers%2C+Optica+%28formerly+OSA%29&amp;rft.date=2021-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osa.org%2Fen-us%2Fabout%2Fleadership_and_volunteers%2Fboard%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Faculty/Homepages/chang-hasnain.html">"Constance Chang-Hasnain &#124; EECS at UC Berkeley"</a>. Eecs.berkeley.edu. 2012-11-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Constance+Chang-Hasnain+%26%23124%3B+EECS+at+UC+Berkeley&amp;rft.pub=Eecs.berkeley.edu&amp;rft.date=2012-11-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eecs.berkeley.edu%2FFaculty%2FHomepages%2Fchang-hasnain.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sse.cuhk.edu.cn/en/teacher/1468">"Connie Chang-Hasnain School of Science and Engineering"</a>. <i>sse.cuhk.edu.cn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=sse.cuhk.edu.cn&amp;rft.atitle=Connie+Chang-Hasnain+School+of+Science+and+Engineering&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsse.cuhk.edu.cn%2Fen%2Fteacher%2F1468&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nae.edu/31202/Armstrong-Endowment-for-Young-Engineers-Gilbreth-Lectures-">"National Academy of Engineering"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190807000617/https://www.nae.edu/31202/Armstrong-Endowment-for-Young-Engineers-Gilbreth-Lectures-">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-08-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=National+Academy+of+Engineering&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nae.edu%2F31202%2FArmstrong-Endowment-for-Young-Engineers-Gilbreth-Lectures-&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osa.org/en-us/awards_and_grants/awards/award_description/nickholonyak/">"OSA Nick Holonyak, Jr. Award"</a>. <i>The Optical Society</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215224451/http://www.osa.org:80/en-us/awards_and_grants/awards/award_description/nickholonyak/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-12-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Optical+Society&amp;rft.atitle=OSA+Nick+Holonyak%2C+Jr.+Award&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osa.org%2Fen-us%2Fawards_and_grants%2Fawards%2Faward_description%2Fnickholonyak%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120825030441/http://www.gf.org/fellows/16624-constance-j-chang-hasnain">"Constance J. Chang-Hasnain - John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation"</a>. Gf.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gf.org/fellows/16624-constance-j-chang-hasnain">the original</a> on 2012-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Constance+J.+Chang-Hasnain+-+John+Simon+Guggenheim+Memorial+Foundation&amp;rft.pub=Gf.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gf.org%2Ffellows%2F16624-constance-j-chang-hasnain&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100408000157/http://www.ieee.org/about/awards/bios/sarnoff_recipients.html">"David Sarnoff Award Recipients"</a>. IEEE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieee.org/about/awards/bios/sarnoff_recipients.html">the original</a> on April 8, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=David+Sarnoff+Award+Recipients&amp;rft.pub=IEEE&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ieee.org%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fbios%2Fsarnoff_recipients.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nae.edu/178168/Dr-Constance-ChangHasnain">"Dr. Constance Chang-Hasnain"</a>. United States National Academy of Engineering<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Dr.+Constance+Chang-Hasnain&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nae.edu%2F178168%2FDr-Constance-ChangHasnain&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstance+J.+Chang-Hasnain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.okawa-foundation.or.jp/en/activities/prize/list.html">"The Okawa Foundation"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120304152129/http://www.okawa-foundation.or.jp:80/en/activities/prize/list.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-03-04.</cite><span 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