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id="toc-1942–1967:_Original_Six_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1942–1967:_Original_Six_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 1942–1967: Original Six era </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-1942–1967:_Original_Six_era-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 1942–1967: Original Six era subsection </button> <ul id="toc-1942–1967:_Original_Six_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Post-war_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Post-war period </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Dynasties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1967–1992:_Expansion_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1967–1992:_Expansion_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 1967–1992: Expansion era </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-1967–1992:_Expansion_era-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 1967–1992: Expansion era subsection </button> <ul id="toc-1967–1992:_Expansion_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Expansion_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Expansion years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WHA_competition_and_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WHA_competition_and_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 WHA competition and merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WHA_competition_and_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-More_dynasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#More_dynasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 More dynasties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-More_dynasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fall_of_the_Iron_Curtain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fall_of_the_Iron_Curtain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Fall of the Iron Curtain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fall_of_the_Iron_Curtain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992–2017:_Further_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992–2017:_Further_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 1992–2017: Further expansion </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-1992–2017:_Further_expansion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 1992–2017: Further expansion subsection </button> <ul id="toc-1992–2017:_Further_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Southward_expansion_(1992–2000)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southward_expansion_(1992–2000)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Southward expansion (1992–2000) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southward_expansion_(1992–2000)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2004–05_lockout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004–05_lockout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 2004–05 lockout </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004–05_lockout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017–present:_Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017–present:_Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 2017–present: Modern era </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-2017–present:_Modern_era-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 2017–present: Modern era subsection </button> <ul id="toc-2017–present:_Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-League's_second_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#League's_second_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 League's second century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-League's_second_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-League_expands_to_Utah,_Coyotes_suspend_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#League_expands_to_Utah,_Coyotes_suspend_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 League expands to Utah, Coyotes suspend operations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-League_expands_to_Utah,_Coyotes_suspend_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item 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.sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:14em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom: 0.45em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:National_Hockey_League_history" title="Category:National Hockey League history">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#acf; padding: 0.15em 0.4em; line-height: 1.2em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">History of the NHL</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding: 0.55em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toronto Maple Leafs player scoring goal against Detroit Red Wings, 1942 Stanley Cup Playoffs"><img alt="Toronto Maple Leafs player scoring goal against Detroit Red Wings, 1942 Stanley Cup Playoffs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg/175px-Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg/263px-Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg/350px-Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="792" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#def;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1917%E2%80%931942)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1917–1942)">Founding (1917–1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1942%E2%80%931967)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)">Original Six (1942–1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1967%E2%80%931992)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1967–1992)">Expansion era (1967–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1992%E2%80%932017)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1992–2017)">Further expansion (1992–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)">Second century (2017–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <a href="/wiki/File:2hockeypucks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/16px-2hockeypucks.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/24px-2hockeypucks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/32px-2hockeypucks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ice_hockey" title="Portal:Ice hockey">Ice hockey portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NHLHistory" title="Template:NHLHistory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NHLHistory" title="Template talk:NHLHistory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NHLHistory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NHLHistory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The history of the National Hockey League begins with the end of its predecessor league, the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_Association" title="National Hockey Association">National Hockey Association</a> (NHA), in 1917. After unsuccessfully attempting to resolve disputes with <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Livingstone" title="Eddie Livingstone">Eddie Livingstone</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blueshirts" title="Toronto Blueshirts">Toronto Blueshirts</a>, executives of the three other NHA franchises suspended the NHA, and formed the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL), replacing the Livingstone team with a temporary team in Toronto, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Arenas" title="Toronto Arenas">Arenas</a>. The NHL's first quarter-century saw the league compete against two rival major leagues—the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Hockey_Association" title="Pacific Coast Hockey Association">Pacific Coast Hockey Association</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Canada_Hockey_League" title="Western Canada Hockey League">Western Canada Hockey League</a>—for players and the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a>. The NHL first expanded into the United States in 1924 with the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a>, and by 1926 consisted of ten teams in <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Lakes region (North America)">Great Lakes region</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a>. At the same time, the NHL emerged as the only major league and the sole competitor for the Stanley Cup; in 1947, the NHL completed a deal with the Stanley Cup trustees to gain full control of the Cup. The NHL's footprint spread across <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> as <a href="/wiki/Foster_Hewitt" title="Foster Hewitt">Foster Hewitt</a>'s radio broadcasts were heard coast-to-coast starting in 1933. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> reduced the league to six teams, later known as the "<a href="/wiki/Original_Six" title="Original Six">Original Six</a>", by 1942. <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Richard" title="Maurice Richard">Maurice Richard</a> became the first player to score 50 goals in a season in <a href="/wiki/1944%E2%80%9345_NHL_season" title="1944–45 NHL season">1944–45</a>, and ten years later, Richard was suspended for assaulting a linesman, leading to the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Riot" title="Richard Riot">Richard Riot</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gordie_Howe" title="Gordie Howe">Gordie Howe</a> made his debut in 1946, and retired 35 seasons later as the NHL's all-time leader in goals and points. "China Clipper" <a href="/wiki/Larry_Kwong" title="Larry Kwong">Larry Kwong</a> becomes the first non-white player in the league, breaking the NHL <a href="/wiki/Color_barrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Color barrier">colour barrier</a> in 1948, when he played for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Rangers" title="New York Rangers">New York Rangers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Willie_O%27Ree" title="Willie O'Ree">Willie O'Ree</a> broke the NHL's black colour barrier when he suited up for the Bruins in 1958. In 1959, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Plante" title="Jacques Plante">Jacques Plante</a> became the first goaltender to regularly use a mask for protection. The Original Six era ended in 1967 when the NHL doubled in size by adding six new <a href="/wiki/1967_NHL_Expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="1967 NHL Expansion">expansion teams</a>. The six existing teams were formed into the newly created <a href="/wiki/East_Division_(NHL)" title="East Division (NHL)">East Division</a>, while the expansion teams were formed into the <a href="/wiki/West_Division_(NHL)" title="West Division (NHL)">West Division</a>. The NHL continued to expand, adding another six teams, to total 18 by 1974. This continued expansion was partially brought about by the NHL's attempts to compete with the <a href="/wiki/World_Hockey_Association" title="World Hockey Association">World Hockey Association</a>, which operated from 1972 until 1979 and sought to compete with the NHL for markets and players. <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Hull" title="Bobby Hull">Bobby Hull</a> was the most famous player to defect to the rival league, signing a $2.75 million contract with the <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets_(1972%E2%80%9396)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)">Winnipeg Jets</a>. The NHL became involved in international play in the mid-1970s, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Summit_Series" title="Summit Series">Summit Series</a> in 1972 which pitted the top Canadian players of the NHL against the top players in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, which was won by Canada with four wins, three losses, and a tie. Eventually, Soviet-Bloc players streamed into the NHL with <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989</a>. When the WHA ceased operations in 1979, the NHL absorbed four of the league's teams, which brought the NHL to 21 teams, a figure that remained constant until the <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_Sharks" title="San Jose Sharks">San Jose Sharks</a> were added as an expansion franchise in 1991. Since then, the league has grown from 22 teams in 1992 to 32 today as the NHL spread its footprint across the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The league has withstood major labour conflicts in <a href="/wiki/1994%E2%80%9395_NHL_lockout" title="1994–95 NHL lockout">1994–95</a> and <a href="/wiki/2004%E2%80%9305_NHL_lockout" title="2004–05 NHL lockout">2004–05</a>, the latter of which saw the entire <a href="/wiki/2004%E2%80%9305_NHL_season" title="2004–05 NHL season">2004–05 NHL season</a> canceled, the first time in North American history that a league has canceled an entire season in a labour dispute. <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky" title="Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky</a> passed <a href="/wiki/Gordie_Howe" title="Gordie Howe">Gordie Howe</a> as the NHL's all-time leading scorer in 1994 when he scored his 802nd career goal. <a href="/wiki/Mario_Lemieux" title="Mario Lemieux">Mario Lemieux</a> overcame <a href="/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma" title="Non-Hodgkin lymphoma">non-Hodgkin lymphoma</a> to finish his NHL career with over 1,700 points and two Stanley Cup championships. Increased use of defence-focused systems helped cause scoring to fall in the late 1990s, leading some to argue that the NHL's talent pool had been diluted by 1990s expansion. In 1998, the NHL began awarding teams a single point for losing in overtime, hoping to reduce the number of tie games; after the 2004–05 lockout, it eliminated the tie altogether, introducing the <a href="/wiki/Penalty_shootout" title="Penalty shootout">shootout</a> to ensure that each game has a winner. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NHL_time_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NHL_time_map.png/220px-NHL_time_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NHL_time_map.png/330px-NHL_time_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/NHL_time_map.png/440px-NHL_time_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1749" data-file-height="1740" /></a><figcaption>Map of Canadian provinces and U.S. states, and what decade they got their first NHL team.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background_and_founding">Background and founding</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background and founding">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:14em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom: 0.45em;">Part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#acf; padding: 0.15em 0.4em; line-height: 1.2em;">Emergence of the NHL</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding: 0.55em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png" class="mw-file-description" title=""Ye gude olde days""><img alt=""Ye gude olde days"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png/150px-Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png/225px-Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png/300px-Good_old_days_of_ice_hockey.png 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="809" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#def;"> Early development</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_indoor_ice_hockey_game" title="First indoor ice hockey game">1875 game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Winter_Carnival_ice_hockey_tournaments" title="Montreal Winter Carnival ice hockey tournaments">Montreal tournaments</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#def;"> Leagues</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_Hockey_Association_of_Canada" title="Amateur Hockey Association of Canada">AHAC</a> (1886–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitoba_Hockey_Association" title="Manitoba Hockey Association">MHA</a> (1892–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Pennsylvania_Hockey_League" title="Western Pennsylvania Hockey League">WPHL</a> (1896–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Amateur_Hockey_League" title="Canadian Amateur Hockey League">CAHL</a> (1898–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Amateur_Hockey_League" title="Federal Amateur Hockey League">FAHL</a> (1904–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Professional_Hockey_League" title="International Professional Hockey League">IPHL</a> (1904–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada_Amateur_Hockey_Association" title="Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association">ECAHA</a> (1906–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timiskaming_Professional_Hockey_League" title="Timiskaming Professional Hockey League">TPHL</a> (1906–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Professional_Hockey_League" title="Ontario Professional Hockey League">OPHL</a> (1908–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Hockey_Association_(1909%E2%80%931910)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Hockey Association (1909–1910)">CHA</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_Association" title="National Hockey Association">NHA</a> (1909–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Hockey_Association" title="Pacific Coast Hockey Association">PCHA</a> (1912–1924)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHL</a> (1917–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada_Hockey_League" title="Western Canada Hockey League">WCHL</a> (1921–1926)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <a href="/wiki/File:2hockeypucks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/16px-2hockeypucks.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/24px-2hockeypucks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2hockeypucks.jpg/32px-2hockeypucks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ice_hockey" title="Portal:Ice hockey">Ice hockey portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Emergence_of_the_NHL" title="Template:Emergence of the NHL"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Emergence_of_the_NHL" title="Template talk:Emergence of the NHL"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Emergence_of_the_NHL" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Emergence of the NHL"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The first attempts to regulate competitive ice hockey matches came in the late 1880s. Before then, teams competed in tournaments and infrequent challenge contests that prevailed in the Canadian sports world at the time. In 1887, four clubs from Montreal formed the <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Hockey_Association_of_Canada" title="Amateur Hockey Association of Canada">Amateur Hockey Association of Canada</a> (AHAC) and developed a structured schedule. In 1892, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stanley,_16th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby">Lord Stanley</a> donated the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a> to be symbolic of the Canadian championship and appointed <a href="/wiki/Philip_Dansken_Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Dansken Ross">Philip Dansken Ross</a> and Sheriff John Sweetland as its trustees. It was awarded to the AHAC champion <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Hockey_Club" title="Montreal Hockey Club">Montreal Hockey Club</a> and thereafter awarded to the league champions, or to any pre-approved team that won it in a challenge.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> In 1904, the <a href="/wiki/International_Professional_Hockey_League" title="International Professional Hockey League">International Hockey League</a> (IHL), based around <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a>, was created as the first fully professional league, which lasted for two seasons. In recruiting players, the IHL caused an "Athletic War" that drained amateur clubs of top players, most noticeably in the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Hockey_Association" title="Ontario Hockey Association">Ontario Hockey Association</a> (OHA).<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> In the 1905–06 season, the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada_Amateur_Hockey_Association" title="Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association">Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association</a> (ECAHA) was formed,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> which mixed paid and amateur players in its rosters, which led to the demise of the IHL. Bidding wars for players led many ECAHA teams to lose money, and it eventually folded on November 25, 1909. As a result of the dissolution of the ECAHA, two leagues were formed—the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Hockey_Association_(1909%E2%80%931910)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Hockey Association (1909–1910)">Canadian Hockey Association</a> (CHA) and the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_Association" title="National Hockey Association">National Hockey Association</a> (NHA).<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Since the NHA's owners were notable, wealthy businessmen, the CHA did not complete a season, as the NHA easily recruited the top players, and interest in the CHA teams faded.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> By 1914, the rival <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Hockey_Association" title="Pacific Coast Hockey Association">Pacific Coast Hockey Association</a> (PCHA) league was launched and the NHA champion would play off each season against the PCHA champion for the Stanley Cup, ending the challenge era. The National Hockey League came into existence with the suspension of the NHA in 1917.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> After unsuccessfully resolving disputes with <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Livingstone" title="Eddie Livingstone">Eddie Livingstone</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blueshirts" title="Toronto Blueshirts">Toronto Blueshirts</a>, executives of the three other NHA franchises—the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Wanderers" title="Montreal Wanderers">Montreal Wanderers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Senators_(original)" title="Ottawa Senators (original)">Ottawa Senators</a>—suspended the NHA, and formed the NHL, replacing Livingstone's team with a temporary team in Toronto, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Arenas" title="Toronto Arenas">Arenas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> While new, the NHL was a continuation of the NHA. The NHL adopted the NHA's constitution, its rules, playing with six men to a side rather than the then-traditional seven and the NHA's split-season schedule. The owners originally intended the NHL to only operate for one season. However, the NHA was suspended permanently in 1918 and ceased to be an organisation in 1920.<a href="#cite_note-NHL90th-8">[8]</a> In 1921, the NHA championship trophy <a href="/wiki/O%27Brien_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Brien Cup">O'Brien Cup</a> was adopted as the championship trophy of the NHL.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Timeline">edit</a>]</div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_lcnckb1776yjsb8ifazpmduq9a6hl43"></map><img usemap="#timeline_lcnckb1776yjsb8ifazpmduq9a6hl43" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/lcnckb1776yjsb8ifazpmduq9a6hl43.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1917–1942:_Early_years">1917–1942: Early years</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1917–1942: Early years">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1917%E2%80%931942)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1917–1942)">History of the National Hockey League (1917–1942)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png/220px-NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png/330px-NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png/440px-NHLPreOriginalSixEra.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Cities that hosted NHL teams prior to the <a href="/wiki/1967_NHL_expansion" title="1967 NHL expansion">1967 NHL expansion</a>. The six teams that lasted past the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> became known as the <a href="/wiki/Original_Six" title="Original Six">Original Six</a>. Montreal and New York hosted Original Six teams and <a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_and_relocated_National_Hockey_League_teams" title="List of defunct and relocated National Hockey League teams">teams that folded</a>.</figcaption></figure> One of the NHL's first superstars was the prolific goal-scorer <a href="/wiki/Joe_Malone" title="Joe Malone">Joe Malone</a>, who scored 44 goals in 20 games in the NHL's first season,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> of which five were netted on the NHL's opening night.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus21-11">[11]</a> He also set the record for the most goals in a game that season, with seven.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Six games into the season, the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Wanderers" title="Montreal Wanderers">Montreal Wanderers</a> were forced to permanently withdraw from the league,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> as a fire left them without an arena.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/1918%E2%80%9319_NHL_season" title="1918–19 NHL season">1918–19 season</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a> faced the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Metropolitans" title="Seattle Metropolitans">Seattle Metropolitans</a> of the PCHA for the Stanley Cup amid the Spanish influenza pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-pincus23-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The series was called off after five games when numerous players became ill;<a href="#cite_note-pincus23-15">[15]</a> one, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Hall_(ice_hockey)" title="Joe Hall (ice hockey)">Joe Hall</a> of the Canadiens, died a few weeks later.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg/220px-MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg/330px-MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg/440px-MapleLeafGardens1934.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="815" /></a><figcaption>Maple Leaf Gardens in 1934</figcaption></figure> During the early 1920s, the NHL faced competition for players from two other major leagues: the PCHA and the <a href="/wiki/Western_Canada_Hockey_League" title="Western Canada Hockey League">Western Canada Hockey League</a> (WCHL). As a result, ice hockey players were among the best paid athletes in North America.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> By the mid-1920s, the NHL emerged as the sole major league in North America; the PCHA and WCHL merged in 1924, only to disband two years later. The <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cougars" title="Victoria Cougars">Victoria Cougars</a> are the last non-NHL team to win the Stanley Cup, having defeated the Canadiens in 1925,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> and lost to the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Maroons" title="Montreal Maroons">Montreal Maroons</a> in 1926,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> respectively. The NHL continued to expand, adding the Maroons and its first American team, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a> in 1924, getting up to 10 teams by 1926.<a href="#cite_note-Bruins-21">[21]</a> Defence dominated the NHL, and in the <a href="/wiki/1928%E2%80%9329_NHL_season" title="1928–29 NHL season">1928–29 season</a>, Canadiens goaltender <a href="/wiki/George_Hainsworth" title="George Hainsworth">George Hainsworth</a> set what remains a league record with 22 shutouts in 44 games.<a href="#cite_note-pincus36-22">[22]</a> In response, the NHL began to allow forward passing in the offensive zone,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> which caused the offense to increase by approximately 2.5 times;<a href="#cite_note-pincus45-24">[24]</a> to stem the tide, the NHL introduced the offside rule, which prevents offensive players from entering the opponent's zone before the puck crosses the "blue line".<a href="#cite_note-pincus36-22">[22]</a> Livingstone continued to press claims in court throughout the 1920s, going as far as the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Committee_of_the_Privy_Council" title="Judicial Committee of the Privy Council">Judicial Committee of the Privy Council</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Holzman229-25">[25]</a> In early 1927, the Toronto franchise was sold to <a href="/wiki/Conn_Smythe" title="Conn Smythe">Conn Smythe</a>,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> who renamed it to the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Maple_Leafs" title="Toronto Maple Leafs">Maple Leafs</a>,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> and successfully promised to win the Stanley Cup in five years.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-diamond65-29">[29]</a> He built the <a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Gardens" title="Maple Leaf Gardens">Maple Leaf Gardens</a>, which included radio broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Foster_Hewitt" title="Foster Hewitt">Foster Hewitt</a>'s famous broadcast booth, affectionately referred to as a "gondola".<a href="#cite_note-McKinley113-30">[30]</a> On December 13, 1933, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Shore" title="Eddie Shore">Eddie Shore</a> charged <a href="/wiki/Ace_Bailey" title="Ace Bailey">Ace Bailey</a> causing a severe skull fracture, following what Shore thought was a check from Bailey, but was actually made by <a href="/wiki/King_Clancy" title="King Clancy">King Clancy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley117-31">[31]</a> Despite the grim prognosis (newspapers printed his obituary), Bailey survived, but did not play another game.<a href="#cite_note-pincus47-32">[32]</a> The Maple Leafs hosted the <a href="/wiki/1933%E2%80%9334_NHL_season#Ace_Bailey_Benefit_All-Star_Game" title="1933–34 NHL season">Ace Bailey All-Star Benefit Game</a>, which raised over $20,000 for Bailey and his family.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Depression">Great Depression</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Great Depression">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg/220px-Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg/330px-Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg/440px-Philadelphia_quakers_jersey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>The sweater of the Philadelphia Quakers, in 1931–32; the Quakers were one of four franchises to fail between 1931 and 1942.</figcaption></figure> While Conn Smythe was able to successfully build a new arena, numerous other teams experienced financial difficulties. With the folding of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Quakers_(NHL)" title="Philadelphia Quakers (NHL)">Philadelphia Quakers</a> (originally the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates_(NHL)" title="Pittsburgh Pirates (NHL)">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Eagles" title="St. Louis Eagles">St. Louis Eagles</a> (originally the Ottawa Senators), the NHL was reduced to eight teams starting in the <a href="/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336_NHL_season" title="1935–36 NHL season">1935–36 season</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The Montreal Canadiens narrowly escaped a move to <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, before a syndicate of Montreal businessmen bought the team.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Montreal's financial troubles forced them to sell popular player <a href="/wiki/Howie_Morenz" title="Howie Morenz">Howie Morenz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley118-37">[37]</a> When Morenz scored against the Canadiens on the last day of the 1935 season, Montreal fans voiced their opinion, giving him a standing ovation.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley119-38">[38]</a> Morenz was eventually re-acquired by Montreal,<a href="#cite_note-McKinley119-38">[38]</a> and on January 28, 1937, Morenz's skate became caught in the ice during a play.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley119-38">[38]</a> He suffered a broken leg in four places, and died on March 8 of a coronary embolism; 50,000 people filed past Morenz's casket at centre ice of the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Forum" title="Montreal Forum">Montreal Forum</a> to pay their last respects.<a href="#cite_note-pincus50-39">[39]</a> A benefit game held in November 1937 raised $20,000 for Morenz's family as the NHL All-Stars defeated the Montreal Canadiens 6–5.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In the mid-1930s, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Black Hawks</a> owner and staunch American nationalist <a href="/wiki/Frederic_McLaughlin" title="Frederic McLaughlin">Frederic McLaughlin</a> commanded his general manager to compile a team of only American players; at the time, Taffy Abel was the only American-born player who was a regular player in the league.<a href="#cite_note-pincus52-41">[41]</a> With eight out of 14 players Americans,<a href="#cite_note-pincus53-42">[42]</a> the Black Hawks won only 14 of 48 games.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane37-43">[43]</a> In the playoffs, however, the Hawks upset the Canadiens, <a href="/wiki/New_York_Americans" title="New York Americans">New York Americans</a>, and the Maple Leafs to become the only team in NHL history to win the Stanley Cup despite a losing regular-season record.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane37-43">[43]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/1942_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1942 Stanley Cup Finals">1942 Stanley Cup Finals</a>, the heavily favoured <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Maple_Leafs" title="Toronto Maple Leafs">Toronto Maple Leafs</a> were facing an upset, having fallen 3–0 in the seven-game series to the fifth-place <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Red_Wings" title="Detroit Red Wings">Detroit Red Wings</a>. Toronto rebounded, and won the next four games to capture the Stanley Cup, becoming the first of four teams in the NHL to come back from a 3–0 series deficit and the only team to accomplish that in the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="Stanley Cup Finals">Stanley Cup Finals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Prior to the <a href="/wiki/1938%E2%80%9339_NHL_season" title="1938–39 NHL season">1938–39 season</a>, the Montreal Maroons folded due to financial difficulties,<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane37-43">[43]</a> while the New York Americans suffered a similar fate prior to the <a href="/wiki/1942%E2%80%9343_NHL_season" title="1942–43 NHL season">1942–43 season</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane43-45">[45]</a> With the league reduced to six teams, the "Original Six" era began. The league was nearly reduced to five teams before the <a href="/wiki/1943%E2%80%9344_NHL_season" title="1943–44 NHL season">following season</a>, as <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> had ravaged the rosters of many teams to such an extent that teams battled each other for players.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane45-46">[46]</a> With only five returning players from the previous season, New York Rangers general manager <a href="/wiki/Lester_Patrick" title="Lester Patrick">Lester Patrick</a> suggested suspending his team's play for the duration of the war but was persuaded otherwise.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane45-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1942–1967:_Original_Six_era">1942–1967: Original Six era</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1942–1967: Original Six era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1942%E2%80%931967)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)">History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_period">Post-war period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war period">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Dutton,_1944.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Red_Dutton%2C_1944.jpg/220px-Red_Dutton%2C_1944.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Red_Dutton%2C_1944.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Red Dutton briefly served as NHL president between 1943 and 1946.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg/220px-Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg/330px-Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg/440px-Clarence_Campbell_Stanley_Cup_1957.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1909" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Clarence Campbell served as the NHL's third President from 1946 until his retirement in 1977.</figcaption></figure> In February 1943, league President <a href="/wiki/Frank_Calder" title="Frank Calder">Frank Calder</a> collapsed during a meeting, dying shortly after.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Dutton" title="Red Dutton">Red Dutton</a> agreed to take over as president after receiving assurances from the league that the Brooklyn franchise he had operated would resume play after the war. When the other team owners reneged on this promise in 1946, Dutton resigned as league president.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> With Dutton's recommendation, <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Campbell" title="Clarence Campbell">Clarence Campbell</a> was named president of the NHL in 1946. He remained in that role until his retirement in 1977. For the first 21 years of his presidency, the same six teams (located in Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Montreal, New York, and Toronto) competed for the Stanley Cup and that period has been called the "golden age of hockey".<a href="#cite_note-pincus72-49">[49]</a> The NHL featured increasingly intense rivalries coupled with rule innovations that opened up the game.<a href="#cite_note-pincus66-50">[50]</a> The first official <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_All-Star_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="National Hockey League All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a> took place at <a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Gardens" title="Maple Leaf Gardens">Maple Leaf Gardens</a> in Toronto on October 13, 1947, to raise money for the newly created NHL Pension Society. The NHL All-Stars defeated the Toronto Maple Leafs 4–3 and raised <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Dollar">C$</a>25,000 for the pension fund.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maurice_richard_profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Maurice_richard_profile.jpg/220px-Maurice_richard_profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Maurice_richard_profile.jpg/330px-Maurice_richard_profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Maurice_richard_profile.jpg/440px-Maurice_richard_profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption>Maurice "Rocket" Richard, the first player to score 50 goals in 50 games, retired as the NHL's all-time scoring leader.</figcaption></figure> The 1940s Canadiens were led by the "<a href="/wiki/Punch_line_(ice_hockey)" title="Punch line (ice hockey)">Punch line</a>" of <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Lach" title="Elmer Lach">Elmer Lach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toe_Blake" title="Toe Blake">Toe Blake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Richard" title="Maurice Richard">Maurice "Rocket" Richard</a>. In 1944–45, Lach, Richard and Blake finished first, second and third in the NHL's scoring race with 80, 73 and 67 points respectively.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane2004-16-52">[52]</a> It was Richard who became the focus of the media and fans as he attempted to score <a href="/wiki/50_goals_in_50_games" title="50 goals in 50 games">50 goals in a 50-game season</a>, a feat no other player had accomplished in league history.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane1990-47-53">[53]</a> Richard scored his 50th goal in Boston at 17:45 of the third period of Montreal's final game of the season.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane2004-16-52">[52]</a> On March 13, 1948, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Kwong" title="Larry Kwong">Larry Kwong</a>, the "China Clipper", becomes the first non-white player in the NHL, breaking the <a href="/wiki/Colour_barrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Colour barrier">colour barrier</a>. He suited up for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Rangers" title="New York Rangers">New York Rangers</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Forum" title="Montreal Forum">Montreal Forum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In March 1955, Richard was suspended for the remainder of the season, including the playoffs, after he received a match penalty for slashing Boston's <a href="/wiki/Hal_Laycoe" title="Hal Laycoe">Hal Laycoe</a> then punching a linesman who attempted to intervene.<a href="#cite_note-LOHRichard-55">[55]</a> The suspension touched off a wave of anger towards league president Clarence Campbell, who was warned not to attend a scheduled game in Montreal after receiving numerous death threats, mainly from French-Canadians accusing him of anti-French bias.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane2004-18-56">[56]</a> Campbell dismissed the warnings, and attended the March 17 game as planned. His presence at the game was perceived by many fans as a provocation and he was booed and pelted with eggs and fruit.<a href="#cite_note-pincus86-57">[57]</a> An hour into the game, a fan lobbed a tear-gas bomb in Campbell's direction, and firefighters decided to clear the building.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane2004-18-56">[56]</a> Fans leaving the game and a growing mob of angry demonstrators rioted outside of the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Forum" title="Montreal Forum">Montreal Forum</a>, which became known as l'affaire Richard, or the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Riot" title="Richard Riot">Richard Riot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pincus86-57">[57]</a> Richard became the first player to score 500 career goals on October 19, 1957. He retired in 1960 as an eight-time Stanley Cup champion, as well as the NHL's all-time leading scorer with 544 goals.<a href="#cite_note-LOHRichard-55">[55]</a> In the fall of 1951, Maple Leafs owner <a href="/wiki/Conn_Smythe" title="Conn Smythe">Conn Smythe</a> watched special television feeds of games in an attempt to determine whether it would be a suitable medium for broadcasting hockey games. Television already had its detractors within the NHL, especially in Campbell.<a href="#cite_note-pincus90-58">[58]</a> In 1952, even though only 10% of Canadians owned a television set, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a> (CBC) began televising games.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley144-59">[59]</a> On November 1, 1952, <a href="/wiki/Hockey_Night_in_Canada" title="Hockey Night in Canada">Hockey Night in Canada</a> was first broadcast on television, with <a href="/wiki/Foster_Hewitt" title="Foster Hewitt">Foster Hewitt</a> calling the action between the Leafs and Bruins at <a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Gardens" title="Maple Leaf Gardens">Maple Leaf Gardens</a>. The broadcasts quickly became the highest-rated show on Canadian television.<a href="#cite_note-pincus90-58">[58]</a> Campbell feared televised hockey would cause people to stop attending games in person, but Smythe felt the opposite.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley144-59">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> first broadcast hockey games in the United States in the <a href="/wiki/1956%E2%80%9357_NHL_season" title="1956–57 NHL season">1956–57 season</a> as an experiment. Amazed with the initial popularity of the broadcasts, it inaugurated a 21-game package of games the following year.<a href="#cite_note-pincus90-58">[58]</a> The NHL itself adapted to be viewer-friendly. In 1949, the league mandated that the ice surface be painted white to make the puck easier to see. On January 18, 1958, <a href="/wiki/Willie_O%27Ree" title="Willie O'Ree">Willie O'Ree</a> joined the Bruins as an injury call-up for a game in Montreal. In doing so he became the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Blacks_in_ice_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Blacks in ice hockey">first black player in the NHL</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-TSNO'Ree-61">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/Clint_Benedict" title="Clint Benedict">Clint Benedict</a> was the first goaltender to wear facial protection, donning it in 1930 to protect a broken nose. He quickly abandoned his mask as its design interfered with his vision.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Twenty-nine years later, on November 1, 1959, in a game against New York Rangers <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Plante" title="Jacques Plante">Jacques Plante</a> made the goaltender mask a permanent fixture in hockey.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley177-63">[63]</a> The first players' union was formed February 12, 1957, by Red Wings player <a href="/wiki/Ted_Lindsay" title="Ted Lindsay">Ted Lindsay</a> who had sat on the board of the NHL's Pension Society since 1952.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus98-64">[64]</a> Lindsay and his fellow players were upset by the league's refusal to let them view the books related to the pension fund. The league claimed that it could not contribute more than it did but the players on the Pension Committee suspected otherwise.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley161-65">[65]</a> The idea quickly gained popularity and when the union's founding was announced publicly, nearly every NHL player had signed up.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley163-66">[66]</a> Led by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Eagleson" title="Alan Eagleson">Alan Eagleson</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_Players%27_Association" title="National Hockey League Players' Association">National Hockey League Players' Association</a> (NHLPA) was formed in 1967<a href="#cite_note-Pincus118-67">[67]</a> and it quickly received acceptance from the owners.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynasties">Dynasties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dynasties">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Syl_Apps.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Syl_Apps.jpg/220px-Syl_Apps.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Syl_Apps.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Syl_Apps" title="Syl Apps">Syl Apps</a>, with the Cup before it was redesigned, in the 1940s</figcaption></figure> The Original Six era was a period of dynasties. The Toronto Maple Leafs won the Stanley Cup five times between <a href="/wiki/1944%E2%80%9345_NHL_season" title="1944–45 NHL season">1944–45</a> and <a href="/wiki/1950%E2%80%9351_NHL_season" title="1950–51 NHL season">1950–51</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/1951_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1951 Stanley Cup Finals">1951 Stanley Cup Finals</a>, the Maple Leafs defeated the Canadiens four games to one in the only final in NHL history when all games were decided in overtime.<a href="#cite_note-pincus89-69">[69]</a> Beginning in <a href="/wiki/1948%E2%80%9349_NHL_season" title="1948–49 NHL season">1948–49</a>, the Red Wings won seven consecutive regular season titles, a feat that no other team has accomplished. During that time, the Wings won four Stanley Cups.<a href="#cite_note-pincus88-70">[70]</a> It was during the <a href="/wiki/1952_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1952 Stanley Cup Finals">1952 Stanley Cup Finals</a> that the <a href="/wiki/Legend_of_the_Octopus" title="Legend of the Octopus">Legend of the Octopus</a> was created. Brothers Pete and Jerry Cusimano brought a dead octopus to the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Olympia" title="Detroit Olympia">Detroit Olympia</a> for the fourth game of the finals. They hoped that the octopus would inspire Detroit to an eighth game victory. Detroit went on to defeat Montreal 3–0 and the tradition was born.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The Red Wings faced the Canadiens in the Stanley Cup Finals in three consecutive seasons between 1954 and 1956.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Detroit won the first two match-ups, but Montreal captured the 1956 Stanley Cup, ending one dynasty and starting another.<a href="#cite_note-pincus88-70">[70]</a> The Canadiens won five consecutive championships between 1956 and 1960, a feat no other team has duplicated.<a href="#cite_note-pincus100-73">[73]</a> The Original Six era ended with the <a href="/wiki/1967_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1967 Stanley Cup Finals">1967 Stanley Cup Finals</a> between the two-time defending champion Canadiens, and the Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs finished the era by winning the Cup four times between 1962 and 1967, their 1967 championship is the last Maple Leafs title to date. The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Blackhawks</a>, who won in 1961, are the only other team to win the Stanley Cup during this period.<a href="#cite_note-pincus116-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1967–1992:_Expansion_era">1967–1992: Expansion era</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1967–1992: Expansion era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1967%E2%80%931992)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1967–1992)">History of the National Hockey League (1967–1992)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion_years">Expansion years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Expansion years">edit</a>]</div> In 1963, Rangers governor <a href="/wiki/William_M._Jennings" title="William M. Jennings">William Jennings</a> introduced to his peers the idea of expanding the league to the <a href="/wiki/American_West_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="American West Coast">American West Coast</a> by adding two new teams for the 1964–65 season. While the governors did not agree to the proposal, the topic of expansion came up every time the owners met from then on out.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-174-75">[75]</a> In 1965, it was decided to expand by six teams, doubling the size of the NHL.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-176-76">[76]</a> In February 1966, the governors met and decided to award franchises to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Kings" title="Los Angeles Kings">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars" title="Minnesota North Stars">Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Flyers" title="Philadelphia Flyers">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Penguins" title="Pittsburgh Penguins">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland_Seals" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland Seals">Oakland</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis</a>. The league rejected bids from Baltimore, Buffalo and Vancouver.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-175-77">[77]</a> In Canada, there was widespread outrage over the denial of an expansion team to Vancouver in 1967;<a href="#cite_note-McKinley194-78">[78]</a> three years later, the NHL awarded a franchise to <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Canucks" title="Vancouver Canucks">Vancouver</a>, which formerly played in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hockey_League_(1952%E2%80%931974)" title="Western Hockey League (1952–1974)">Western Hockey League</a>, for the <a href="/wiki/1970%E2%80%9371_NHL_season" title="1970–71 NHL season">1970–71 season</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane106-79">[79]</a> On January 13, 1968, North Stars' rookie <a href="/wiki/Bill_Masterton" title="Bill Masterton">Bill Masterton</a> became the first, and to date, only player to die as a result of injuries suffered during an NHL game.<a href="#cite_note-pincus123-80">[80]</a> Early in a game against Oakland, Masterton was checked hard by two players causing him to flip over backwards and land on his head.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane96-81">[81]</a> Masterton was rushed to hospital with massive head injuries, and died there two days later.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The National Hockey League Writers Association presented the league with the <a href="/wiki/Bill_Masterton_Memorial_Trophy" title="Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy">Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy</a> later in the season.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-185-83">[83]</a> Following Masterton's death, players slowly began wearing helmets, and starting in the <a href="/wiki/1979%E2%80%9380_NHL_season" title="1979–80 NHL season">1979–80 season</a>, the league mandated all players entering the league wear them.<a href="#cite_note-pincus123-80">[80]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/1968%E2%80%9369_NHL_season" title="1968–69 NHL season">1968–69 season</a>, third-year defenceman <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Orr" title="Bobby Orr">Bobby Orr</a> scored 21 goals to set an NHL record for goals by a defenceman en route to winning his first of eight consecutive <a href="/wiki/James_Norris_Memorial_Trophy" title="James Norris Memorial Trophy">Norris Trophies</a> as the league's top defenceman.<a href="#cite_note-pincus120-84">[84]</a> At the same time, Orr's teammate, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Esposito" title="Phil Esposito">Phil Esposito</a>, became the first player in league history to score 100 points in a season, finishing with 126 points.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> A gifted scorer, Orr revolutionized defencemen's impact on the offensive part of the game, as blue-liners began to be judged on how well they created goals in addition to how well they prevented them.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Orr twice won the <a href="/wiki/Art_Ross_Trophy" title="Art Ross Trophy">Art Ross Trophy</a> as the NHL's leading scorer, the only defenceman in NHL history to do so.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Chronic knee problems plagued Orr throughout his career; he played 12 seasons in the NHL before injuries forced his retirement in 1978. Orr finished with 270 goals and 915 points in 657 games, and he won the <a href="/wiki/Hart_Memorial_Trophy" title="Hart Memorial Trophy">Hart Memorial Trophy</a> as league Most Valuable Player thrice.<a href="#cite_note-pincus120-84">[84]</a> For the 1970–71 NHL season, two new teams, the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Canucks" title="Vancouver Canucks">Vancouver Canucks</a> made their debuts and were both put into the East Division. The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Black Hawks</a> were moved to the West Division. The <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a> won the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a> by beating the Black Hawks in seven games in the finals. The 1970s were associated with aggressive, and often violent play. Known as the "Broad Street Bullies", the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Flyers" title="Philadelphia Flyers">Philadelphia Flyers</a> are the most famous example of this mindset.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus134-88">[88]</a> The Flyers established league records for penalty minutes—<a href="/wiki/Dave_Schultz_(ice_hockey)" title="Dave Schultz (ice hockey)">Dave "the Hammer" Schultz</a>' total of 472 in <a href="/wiki/1974%E2%80%9375_NHL_season" title="1974–75 NHL season">1974–75</a> remains a league record.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus135-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-221-90">[90]</a> They captured the <a href="/wiki/1974_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1974 Stanley Cup Finals">1974 Stanley Cup</a>, becoming the first expansion team to win the league championship.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus134-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WHA_competition_and_merger">WHA competition and merger</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: WHA competition and merger">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/NHL-WHA_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL-WHA merger">NHL-WHA merger</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg/220px-Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg/330px-Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg/440px-Eric_vail_atlanta_flames_1978.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1031" /></a><figcaption>The Colorado Rockies battle the Atlanta Flames in 1978. These teams are now the New Jersey Devils and Calgary Flames respectively.</figcaption></figure> In 1972, the NHL faced competition from the newly formed <a href="/wiki/World_Hockey_Association" title="World Hockey Association">World Hockey Association</a> (WHA). The WHA lured many players away from the NHL.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus139-91">[91]</a> The WHA's biggest coup was to lure <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Hull" title="Bobby Hull">Bobby Hull</a> from the Black Hawks to play for the <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets_(1972%E2%80%9396)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)">Winnipeg Jets</a>. He signed a $2.75 million contract, and lent instant credibility to the new league.<a href="#cite_note-Willes_2004_33-92">[92]</a> After Hull signed, several other players quickly followed suit and the NHL suddenly found itself in a war for talent.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane112-93">[93]</a> By the time the <a href="/wiki/1972%E2%80%9373_WHA_season" title="1972–73 WHA season">1972–73 WHA season</a> began, 67 players had switched from the NHL to the WHA.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> The NHL also found itself competing with the WHA for markets. Initially, the league had no intention to expand past 14 teams, but the threat the WHA represented caused the league to change its plans. The league hastily announced the creation of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Islanders" title="New York Islanders">New York Islanders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Flames" title="Atlanta Flames">Atlanta Flames</a> as <a href="/wiki/1972_NHL_Expansion_Draft" class="mw-redirect" title="1972 NHL Expansion Draft">1972 expansion teams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/1972%E2%80%9373_NHL_season" title="1972–73 NHL season">1972–73 season</a>, the NHL announced it was further expanding to 18-teams for the <a href="/wiki/1974%E2%80%9375_NHL_season" title="1974–75 NHL season">1974–75 season</a>, adding the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Scouts" title="Kansas City Scouts">Kansas City Scouts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_Capitals" title="Washington Capitals">Washington Capitals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> In just eight years, the NHL had tripled in size to 18 teams. By 1976, both leagues were dealing with serious financial problems. The St. Louis Blues were on the verge of bankruptcy.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Talk of a merger between the NHL and the WHA was growing.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane144-98">[98]</a> In 1976, for the first time in four decades, the NHL approved franchise relocations; the Scouts moved after just two years in Kansas City to <a href="/wiki/Denver,_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver, Colorado">Denver</a> to become the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Rockies_(NHL)" title="Colorado Rockies (NHL)">Colorado Rockies</a>, while the California Golden Seals became the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Barons_(NHL)" title="Cleveland Barons (NHL)">Cleveland Barons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane144-98">[98]</a> Two years later, after failed overtures about merging the Barons with Washington and Vancouver, the Barons merged with the Minnesota North Stars, reducing the NHL to 17 teams for <a href="/wiki/1978%E2%80%9379_NHL_season" title="1978–79 NHL season">1978–79</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McFarlane163-99">[99]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NHLWHAmerger.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NHLWHAmerger.png/300px-NHLWHAmerger.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NHLWHAmerger.png/450px-NHLWHAmerger.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NHLWHAmerger.png/600px-NHLWHAmerger.png 2x" data-file-width="1163" data-file-height="758" /></a><figcaption>Cities that hosted NHL and WHA teams at the time of the <a href="/wiki/NHL-WHA_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL-WHA merger">NHL-WHA merger</a> in 1979. Four WHA teams joined the NHL, while the two remaining teams joined the <a href="/wiki/Central_Professional_Hockey_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Professional Hockey League">CHL</a>.</figcaption></figure> The move towards a <a href="/wiki/NHL%E2%80%93WHA_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL–WHA merger">merger</a> picked up in 1977 when <a href="/wiki/John_Ziegler_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Ziegler (ice hockey)">John Ziegler</a> succeeded Clarence Campbell as NHL president.<a href="#cite_note-Wiles214-100">[100]</a> The WHA folded following the 1978–79 season, while the <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Oilers" title="Edmonton Oilers">Edmonton Oilers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hartford_Whalers" title="Hartford Whalers">Hartford Whalers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Nordiques" title="Quebec Nordiques">Quebec Nordiques</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets_(1972%E2%80%9396)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)">Winnipeg Jets</a> joined the NHL as expansion teams, which brought the league up to 21 teams, until 1991.<a href="#cite_note-Wiles214-100">[100]</a> The merger brought Gordie Howe back to the NHL for one final season in <a href="/wiki/1979%E2%80%9380_NHL_season" title="1979–80 NHL season">1979–80</a>, during which he brought his NHL career total to 801 goals and 1,850 points.<a href="#cite_note-LOHHowe-101">[101]</a> It was also the last season for the Atlanta Flames. The team averaged only 9,800 fans in attendance and lost over $2 million.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> They were sold for a record $16 million, and relocated north to become the <a href="/wiki/Calgary_Flames" title="Calgary Flames">Calgary Flames</a> in <a href="/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381_NHL_season" title="1980–81 NHL season">1980–81</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Two years later, the Rockies were sold for $30 million, and left Denver to become the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Devils" title="New Jersey Devils">New Jersey Devils</a> for the <a href="/wiki/1982%E2%80%9383_NHL_season" title="1982–83 NHL season">1982–83 season</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="More_dynasties">More dynasties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: More dynasties">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg/220px-Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg/330px-Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg/440px-Wayne_Gretzky_statue_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="887" data-file-height="1039" /></a><figcaption>A statue of Wayne Gretzky raising the Stanley Cup in front of Edmonton's <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Place" title="Rogers Place">Rogers Place</a>.</figcaption></figure> Although the league expanded from six to 21 teams, dynasties still prevailed in the NHL. The Montreal Canadiens won four consecutive Stanley Cups starting in <a href="/wiki/1975-76_NHL_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1975-76 NHL season">1975-76</a>.<a href="#cite_note-greatest_team-105">[105]</a> In <a href="/wiki/1980_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1980 Stanley Cup Finals">1980</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Islanders" title="New York Islanders">New York Islanders</a> won their first of four consecutive Stanley Cups.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-245-106">[106]</a> The Islanders dominated both the regular season and the playoffs with the likes of <a href="/wiki/Billy_Smith_(ice_hockey)" title="Billy Smith (ice hockey)">Billy Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Bossy" title="Mike Bossy">Mike Bossy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denis_Potvin" title="Denis Potvin">Denis Potvin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Trottier" title="Bryan Trottier">Bryan Trottier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-246-107">[107]</a> In 1981, Bossy became the first player to score <a href="/wiki/50_goals_in_50_games" title="50 goals in 50 games">50 goals in 50 games</a> since <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Richard" title="Maurice Richard">Maurice Richard</a> accomplished that feat in 1945.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-245-106">[106]</a> In <a href="/wiki/1982%E2%80%9383_NHL_season" title="1982–83 NHL season">1982–83</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Oilers" title="Edmonton Oilers">Edmonton Oilers</a> had the best record. The Oilers were led by Wayne Gretzky, who remained with the Oilers when they joined the NHL in 1979. He scored 137 points in 1979–80 and won the first of nine <a href="/wiki/Hart_Memorial_Trophy" title="Hart Memorial Trophy">Hart Trophies</a> as the NHL's most valuable player.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus151-108">[108]</a> Over the next several seasons, Gretzky established new highs in goals scored in a season, with 92 in the <a href="/wiki/1981%E2%80%9382_NHL_season" title="1981–82 NHL season">1981–82 season</a>; in assists, with 163 in the <a href="/wiki/1985%E2%80%9386_NHL_season" title="1985–86 NHL season">1985–86</a>; and in total points, with 215 in 1985–86.<a href="#cite_note-0708OilersMG-109">[109]</a> Gretzky also set the record for scoring 50 goals in the fewest games, achieving the mark in 39 games.<a href="#cite_note-LOHGretzky-110">[110]</a> The Islanders and Oilers met in the Finals as New York swept Edmonton for their last Stanley Cup.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-267-111">[111]</a> The following season, the Oilers and Islanders met again in the playoffs. The Oilers won the rematch in five games, marking the start of another dynasty.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-271-112">[112]</a> Led by Gretzky and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Messier" title="Mark Messier">Mark Messier</a>, the Oilers won five Stanley Cup championships between 1984 and 1990.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-314-113">[113]</a> On August 9, 1988, Oilers owner <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pocklington" title="Peter Pocklington">Peter Pocklington</a>, in financial trouble, traded Gretzky to the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Kings" title="Los Angeles Kings">Los Angeles Kings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond1991-278-114">[114]</a> Gretzky's trade to the Kings popularized ice hockey in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-pincus168-115">[115]</a> With the Kings, Gretzky broke Gordie Howe's record for the most career points.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus164-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mario_Lemieux" title="Mario Lemieux">Mario Lemieux</a> led Pittsburgh to Stanley Cups in <a href="/wiki/1990%E2%80%9391_NHL_season" title="1990–91 NHL season">1990–91</a> and <a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%9392_NHL_season" title="1991–92 NHL season">1991–92</a>. A gifted forward, he won six <a href="/wiki/Art_Ross_Trophy" title="Art Ross Trophy">Art Ross Trophies</a> as the league's leading scorer and he scored 199 points in <a href="/wiki/1988%E2%80%9389_NHL_season" title="1988–89 NHL season">1988–89</a>, becoming the second highest single-season point scorer behind Gretzky. Lemieux's career was plagued by health issues, including <a href="/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma" title="Non-Hodgkin lymphoma">non-Hodgkin lymphoma</a>, and he retired in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-tough-117">[117]</a> In 2000, he returned and finished his NHL career in 2006 with more than 1,700 points.<a href="#cite_note-heart-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fall_of_the_Iron_Curtain">Fall of the Iron Curtain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fall of the Iron Curtain">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Mogilny.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Alexander_Mogilny.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="184" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="184" /></a><figcaption>Alexander Mogilny, pictured in 2006, was among the first Soviets to play in the NHL in 1989.</figcaption></figure> The NHL became first involved in international play in the mid-1970s, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Summit_Series" title="Summit Series">Summit Series</a> in 1972 which pitted the top Canadian players of the NHL against the top players in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. With the eight-game series tied at three wins apiece and a tie, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Henderson" title="Paul Henderson">Paul Henderson</a> scooped up a rebound and put it past Soviet goaltender <a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Tretiak" title="Vladislav Tretiak">Vladislav Tretiak</a> with 34 seconds left in the eighth and final game to score the series-winning goal.<a href="#cite_note-McKinley224-120">[120]</a> While European-born players were a part of the NHL since its founding, it was still rare to see them in the NHL until 1980, although the WHA employed a number of them.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus148-121">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6rje_Salming" title="Börje Salming">Börje Salming</a> was the first European star in the NHL and Finns <a href="/wiki/Jari_Kurri" title="Jari Kurri">Jari Kurri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Esa_Tikkanen" title="Esa Tikkanen">Esa Tikkanen</a> helped lead the Oilers dynasty of the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus154-122">[122]</a> The WHA opened the door, and players slowly joined the NHL, but those behind the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a> were restricted from following suit. In 1980, <a href="/wiki/Peter_%C5%A0%C5%A5astn%C3%BD" title="Peter Šťastný">Peter Šťastný</a>, his wife, and his brother <a href="/wiki/Anton_%C5%A0%C5%A5astn%C3%BD" title="Anton Šťastný">Anton</a> secretly fled <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> with the aid of Nordiques owner <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Aubut" title="Marcel Aubut">Marcel Aubut</a>. The Šťastnýs' defection made international headlines, and contributed to the first wave of Europeans' entrance into the NHL.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus148-121">[121]</a> Hoping that they would one day be permitted to play in the NHL, teams drafted Soviet players in the 1980s, 27 in all by the 1988 draft;<a href="#cite_note-SovietDraft-123">[123]</a> however, defection was the only way such players could play in the NHL.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus150-124">[124]</a> Shortly before the end of the <a href="/wiki/1988%E2%80%9389_NHL_season" title="1988–89 NHL season">1988–89 regular season</a>, Flames general manager <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Fletcher" title="Cliff Fletcher">Cliff Fletcher</a> announced that he had reached an agreement with Soviet authorities that allowed <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Pryakhin_(ice_hockey)" title="Sergei Pryakhin (ice hockey)">Sergei Pryakhin</a> to play in North America. It was the first time a member of the Soviet national team was permitted to leave the Soviet Union.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Shortly after, Soviet players began to flood into the NHL. Teams anticipated that there would be an influx of Soviet players in the 1990s, as 18 Soviets were selected in the <a href="/wiki/1989_NHL_Entry_Draft" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 NHL Entry Draft">1989 NHL Entry Draft</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SovietDraft-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1992–2017:_Further_expansion">1992–2017: Further expansion</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1992–2017: Further expansion">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1992%E2%80%932017)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1992–2017)">History of the National Hockey League (1992–2017)</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png/343px-Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png" decoding="async" width="343" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png/515px-Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png/686px-Nhl_relocation_map_1495x1155.png 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="1155" /></a><figcaption>Map of relocated NHL teams</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southward_expansion_(1992–2000)">Southward expansion (1992–2000)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Southward expansion (1992–2000)">edit</a>]</div> The 21-team era ended in 1990, when the league revealed ambitious plans to double league revenues from $400 million within a decade and bring the NHL to 28 franchises during that period.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> The NHL quickly announced three new teams: The <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_Sharks" title="San Jose Sharks">San Jose Sharks</a>, who began play in the <a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%9392_NHL_season" title="1991–92 NHL season">1991–92 season</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Senators" title="Ottawa Senators">Ottawa Senators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Lightning" title="Tampa Bay Lightning">Tampa Bay Lightning</a>, who followed a year later.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The Lightning made NHL history when goaltender <a href="/wiki/Manon_Rh%C3%A9aume" title="Manon Rhéaume">Manon Rhéaume</a> played a period of an exhibition game, September 23, 1992. In doing so, Rhéaume became the first woman to play in an NHL game.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> One year later, the <a href="/wiki/Anaheim_Ducks" title="Anaheim Ducks">Mighty Ducks of Anaheim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Florida_Panthers" title="Florida Panthers">Florida Panthers</a> began play as the NHL's 25th and 26th franchises respectively. The two new franchises were granted as part of the NHL's attempts at regaining a network television presence by expanding throughout the American south. The NHL's southward push continued in 1993 as the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars" title="Minnesota North Stars">Minnesota North Stars</a> moved to <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas, Texas</a>, to become the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Stars" title="Dallas Stars">Dallas Stars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> In 1994, the players were <a href="/wiki/Lockout_(industry)" title="Lockout (industry)">locked out</a> by the owners because of a lack of a <a href="/wiki/Collective_Bargaining_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Collective Bargaining Agreement">Collective Bargaining Agreement</a> (CBA). The <a href="/wiki/1994%E2%80%9395_NHL_lockout" title="1994–95 NHL lockout">1994–95 NHL lockout</a> lasted 104 days and resulted in the season's being shortened from a planned 84 games to 48.<a href="#cite_note-1994lockout-130">[130]</a> The owners insisted on a <a href="/wiki/Salary_cap" title="Salary cap">salary cap</a>, changes to free agency and arbitration in the hopes of limiting escalating salaries, the union instead proposed a luxury tax system.<a href="#cite_note-1994lockout-130">[130]</a> Just as the entire season seemed to be lost, an 11th-hour deal was agreed on.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus172-131">[131]</a> The owners failed to achieve a full salary cap<a href="#cite_note-1994lockout-130">[130]</a> but the deal was initially hailed as a win for the owners.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The deal was not enough to save two teams in Canada's smallest NHL markets. The revenue disparity between large and small market teams, exacerbated by the falling value of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Dollar">Canadian Dollar</a>, forced the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Nordiques" title="Quebec Nordiques">Quebec Nordiques</a> to move to <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a> and become the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Avalanche" title="Colorado Avalanche">Colorado Avalanche</a> in 1995; the <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets_(1972%E2%80%9396)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)">Winnipeg Jets</a> relocated to <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a>, becoming the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Coyotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Coyotes">Coyotes</a>, the next year.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Hartford_Whalers" title="Hartford Whalers">Hartford Whalers</a> followed, moving to Greensboro, NC and becoming the <a href="/wiki/Carolina_Hurricanes" title="Carolina Hurricanes">Carolina Hurricanes</a> in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus178-134">[134]</a> The NHL continued its expansion into cities in the Southern United States. In 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a> joined the league, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Thrashers" title="Atlanta Thrashers">Atlanta Thrashers</a> the following year.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus178-134">[134]</a> To further market their players, the NHL decided to have its players play in the Winter Olympics, starting in 1998, at the <a href="/wiki/1998_Winter_Olympics" title="1998 Winter Olympics">Nagano Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-McCown188-135">[135]</a> In 2000, the league added two franchises, boosting the total number to 30. The NHL returned to Minnesota with the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Wild" title="Minnesota Wild">Wild</a> and added the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Jackets" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Jackets">Blue Jackets</a> in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus178-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004–05_lockout">2004–05 lockout</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2004–05 lockout">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG/220px-Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG/330px-Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG/440px-Gary_Bettman_at_Entry_Draft_2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Gary Bettman, pictured in 2008, joined the NHL as its first commissioner in 1993.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2004%E2%80%9305_NHL_lockout" title="2004–05 NHL lockout">2004–05 NHL lockout</a></div> By 2004, the owners were claiming that player salaries had grown far faster than revenues, and that the league as a whole lost over US$300 million in <a href="/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303_NHL_season" title="2002–03 NHL season">2002–03</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> As a result, on September 15, 2004, Gary Bettman announced that the owners again locked the players out before the start of the <a href="/wiki/2004%E2%80%9305_NHL_season" title="2004–05 NHL season">2004–05 season</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2004lockout-137">[137]</a> On February 16, 2005, Bettman announced the cancellation of the entire season.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> As with the 1994–95 lockout, the owners were again demanding a salary cap, which the players were unwilling to consider until the season was on the verge of being lost.<a href="#cite_note-2004lockout-137">[137]</a> The season's cancellation led to a revolt within the union. NHLPA president <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Linden" title="Trevor Linden">Trevor Linden</a> and senior director <a href="/wiki/Ted_Saskin" title="Ted Saskin">Ted Saskin</a> took charge of negotiations from executive director <a href="/wiki/Bob_Goodenow" title="Bob Goodenow">Bob Goodenow</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> By early July, the two sides had agreed to a new <a href="/wiki/NHL_Collective_Bargaining_Agreement" title="NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement">collective bargaining agreement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2004lockout-137">[137]</a> The deal featured a hard salary cap, linked to a fixed percentage of league revenues and a 24% rollback on salaries.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg/220px-NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg/330px-NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg/440px-NHL_Winter_Classic_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>Arena setup at Ralph Wilson Stadium in Buffalo for the 2008 Winter Classic</figcaption></figure> Hoping to reduce the number of tie games during the regular season, the NHL decided that beginning in the <a href="/wiki/1999%E2%80%932000_NHL_season" title="1999–2000 NHL season">1999–2000</a> season, in any game tied after regulation time, both teams would be guaranteed one point, while the team that won in overtime would earn a second point.<a href="#cite_note-NYTBonus-141">[141]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Oilers" title="Edmonton Oilers">Edmonton Oilers</a> hosted the NHL's first regular season outdoor hockey game, the <a href="/wiki/2003_Heritage_Classic" title="2003 Heritage Classic">Heritage Classic</a> on November 22, 2003. The game against the Canadiens was held at <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Stadium_(Edmonton)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Stadium (Edmonton)">Commonwealth Stadium</a> before a then-record crowd of 57,167 fans who endured temperatures as low as −18 degrees Celsius (0 degrees Fahrenheit).<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306_NHL_season" title="2005–06 NHL season">2005–06 season</a>, the NHL eliminated tie games, as the <a href="/wiki/Penalty_shootout" title="Penalty shootout">shootout</a> was introduced to decide all regular season games tied after the five-minute overtime period.<a href="#cite_note-ESPNRule_Changes-143">[143]</a> The shootout was one of several rule changes made in 2005, as the league attempted to open the game up after the lockout.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus196-144">[144]</a> One of the most controversial changes was the league's zero-tolerance policy on obstruction penalties. The league hoped that the game could be opened up if it cracked down on "clutching and grabbing".<a href="#cite_note-Pincus196-144">[144]</a> The tighter regulations have met with numerous complaints about the legitimacy of some calls,<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> that players are diving to draw penalties,<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> and that officials are not calling enough penalties.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> The changes initially led to a sharp increase in scoring. Teams combined to score 6.1 goals per game in 2005–06, more than a full goal per game higher than in the <a href="/wiki/2003%E2%80%9304_NHL_season" title="2003–04 NHL season">2003–04 season</a>. This represented the highest increase in offence since <a href="/wiki/1929%E2%80%9330_NHL_season" title="1929–30 NHL season">1929–30</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pincus196-144">[144]</a> However, scoring has rapidly declined since, approaching pre-lockout totals in <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%9308_NHL_season" title="2007–08 NHL season">2007–08</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306_NHL_season" title="2005–06 NHL season">2005–06 season</a>, rookies <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ovechkin" title="Alexander Ovechkin">Alexander Ovechkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Crosby" title="Sidney Crosby">Sidney Crosby</a> began their careers. In their first three seasons, they each won both the <a href="/wiki/Art_Ross_Trophy" title="Art Ross Trophy">Art Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hart_Memorial_Trophy" title="Hart Memorial Trophy">Hart</a> trophies; Crosby in 2007,<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> and Ovechkin in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> The success of the Heritage Classic led to the scheduling of more outdoor games. The Sabres hosted the <a href="/wiki/2008_NHL_Winter_Classic" title="2008 NHL Winter Classic">2008 NHL Winter Classic</a> on New Year's Day 2008, losing to the Pittsburgh Penguins in a shootout before a crowd of 71,217 at <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wilson_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Wilson Stadium">Ralph Wilson Stadium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> The second Winter Classic was held January 1, 2009, at <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field">Wrigley Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> between the Blackhawks and Red Wings.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> The third NHL Winter Classic was held in Fenway Park on January 1, 2010, between the Boston Bruins and the Philadelphia Flyers. The home team Bruins won. Two clubs still experienced financial problems, however. The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Coyotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Coyotes">Phoenix Coyotes</a> eventually <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Coyotes_bankruptcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Coyotes bankruptcy">filed for bankruptcy in May 2009</a>. The league then took control over the team later that year in order to stabilize the club's operations, with the hopes of eventually reselling it to a new owner who would be committed to stay in the Phoenix market.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> The league did not find a satisfactory buyer for the Coyotes until 2013. Eleven years later, the Coyotes ceased operations while a <a href="/wiki/Utah_Hockey_Club" title="Utah Hockey Club">new team in Utah</a> began.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> The financially struggling <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Thrashers" title="Atlanta Thrashers">Atlanta Thrashers</a> were eventually sold to <a href="/wiki/True_North_Sports_and_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="True North Sports and Entertainment">True North Sports and Entertainment</a> in 2011, who then <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets" title="Winnipeg Jets">relocated the team</a> to Winnipeg, a stark reversal of the league's Southward expansion more than a decade earlier. The NHL again entered lockout in <a href="/wiki/2012_NHL_lockout" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 NHL lockout">2012</a>, cancelling the first 526 games, about 43% of the season, until at least December 30, 2012. Just after 5 am on January 6, 2013, after approximately 16 continuous hours of negotiating, the NHL and the players' union reached a tentative deal on a new collective bargaining agreement to end the lockout.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> The first games of the season were held on January 19.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2017–present:_Modern_era">2017–present: Modern era</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 2017–present: Modern era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)">History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="League's_second_century">League's second century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: League's second century">edit</a>]</div> In 2017, the league began its second century and expanded again to <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas, Nevada</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Vegas_Golden_Knights" title="Vegas Golden Knights">Vegas Golden Knights</a>. In 2018, the league approved another expansion team in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Kraken" title="Seattle Kraken">Seattle Kraken</a>, which began play in 2021. On May 26, 2020, the NHL declared that <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_NHL_season" title="2019–20 NHL season">2019–20 regular season</a> (which had been suspended after March 11) would be prematurely terminated due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_America" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North America">COVID-19 pandemic in North America</a>; the league subsequently announced on July 1 that the season would end with a <a href="/wiki/2020_Stanley_Cup_playoffs" title="2020 Stanley Cup playoffs">24-team playoff tournament</a> to be held <a href="/wiki/Behind_closed_doors_(sport)" title="Behind closed doors (sport)">behind closed doors</a> in Toronto and Edmonton from August 1.<a href="#cite_note-NHL_pause-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHL_pause_FOX-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="League_expands_to_Utah,_Coyotes_suspend_operations">League expands to Utah, Coyotes suspend operations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: League expands to Utah, Coyotes suspend operations">edit</a>]</div> On April 18, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Coyotes" title="Arizona Coyotes">Arizona Coyotes</a> were deactivated, and its players and personnel were transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Utah_Hockey_Club" title="Utah Hockey Club">Utah Hockey Club</a>. Under the original conditions, the Coyotes franchise would have been reactivated if a suitable arena was built in Arizona by 2029.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> After the Arizona State Land Department cancelled a June 2024 auction for a parcel of land that Coyotes owner <a href="/wiki/Alex_Meruelo" title="Alex Meruelo">Alex Meruelo</a> intended to purchase as a site for a new arena, he relinquished his rights as the team's owner on July 10.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_organizational_changes_in_the_NHL" title="History of organizational changes in the NHL">History of organizational changes in the NHL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_seasons" title="List of NHL seasons">List of NHL seasons</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWong2001">Wong 2001</a>, pp. 41–45 </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWong2001">Wong 2001</a>, p. 73 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWong2001">Wong 2001</a>, p. 99 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWong2001">Wong 2001</a>, pp. 127–128 </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWong2001">Wong 2001</a>, pp. 132–140 </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHolzmanNieforth2002">Holzman & Nieforth 2002</a>, p. 159 </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <style 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ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoer2006" class="citation cs2">Boer, Peter (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/calgaryflameshot0000boer">The Calgary Flames</a>, Overtime Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-897277-07-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-897277-07-5"><bdi>1-897277-07-5</bdi></a></cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+National+Hockey+League+75th+Anniversary+Commemorative+Book&rft.pub=McClelland+%26+Stewart&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-7710-6727-5&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fofficialnational0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiamondZweig2003" class="citation cs2">Diamond, Dan; Zweig, Eric (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8mL21xbWrXcC&q=Hockey's%20Glory%20Days%3A%20The%201950s%20and%20'60s&pg=PP1">Hockey's Glory Days: The 1950s and '60s</a>, Andrews McMeel Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7407-3829-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7407-3829-1"><bdi>0-7407-3829-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hockey%27s+Glory+Days%3A+The+1950s+and+%2760s&rft.pub=Andrews+McMeel+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7407-3829-1&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.au=Zweig%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8mL21xbWrXcC%26q%3DHockey%27s%2520Glory%2520Days%253A%2520The%25201950s%2520and%2520%2760s%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillmor2001" class="citation cs2">Gillmor, Don (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PPdMoARR46wC&q=Canada%3A%20A%20People's%20History&pg=PA1">Canada: A People's History</a>, vol. two, McClelland & Stewart, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7710-3340-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7710-3340-0"><bdi>0-7710-3340-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Canada%3A+A+People%27s+History&rft.pub=McClelland+%26+Stewart&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7710-3340-0&rft.aulast=Gillmor&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPPdMoARR46wC%26q%3DCanada%253A%2520A%2520People%27s%2520History%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolzmanNieforth2002" class="citation cs2">Holzman, Morey; Nieforth, Joseph (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=COb82MiKyGQC&q=National%20Hockey%20League&pg=PP1">Deceptions and doublecross : how the NHL conquered hockey</a>, Dundurn Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55002-413-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-55002-413-2"><bdi>1-55002-413-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deceptions+and+doublecross+%3A+how+the+NHL+conquered+hockey&rft.pub=Dundurn+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-55002-413-2&rft.aulast=Holzman&rft.aufirst=Morey&rft.au=Nieforth%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCOb82MiKyGQC%26q%3DNational%2520Hockey%2520League%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacSkimming1996" class="citation cs2">MacSkimming, Roy (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/coldwar00roym">Cold War</a>, Greystone Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55054-473-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55054-473-X"><bdi>1-55054-473-X</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cold+War&rft.pub=Greystone+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-55054-473-X&rft.aulast=MacSkimming&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcoldwar00roym&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCown2007" class="citation cs2">McCown, Bob (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3KxYh_I-_0oC&q=McCown's%20Law%3A%20The%20100%20Greatest%20Hockey%20Arguments&pg=PP1">McCown's Law: The 100 Greatest Hockey Arguments</a>, Doubleday Canada, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-66465-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-66465-3"><bdi>978-0-385-66465-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=McCown%27s+Law%3A+The+100+Greatest+Hockey+Arguments&rft.pub=Doubleday+Canada&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-385-66465-3&rft.aulast=McCown&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3KxYh_I-_0oC%26q%3DMcCown%27s%2520Law%253A%2520The%2520100%2520Greatest%2520Hockey%2520Arguments%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFarlane1990" class="citation cs2">McFarlane, Brian (1990), 100 Years of Hockey, Summerhill Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-929091-26-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-929091-26-4"><bdi>0-929091-26-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Years+of+Hockey&rft.pub=Summerhill+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-929091-26-4&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFarlane2004" class="citation cs2">McFarlane, Brian (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bestoforiginalsi0000mcfa">Best of the Original Six</a>, Fenn Publishing Company, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55168-306-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55168-306-7"><bdi>1-55168-306-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Best+of+the+Original+Six&rft.pub=Fenn+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-55168-306-7&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbestoforiginalsi0000mcfa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKinley2006" class="citation cs2">McKinley, Michael (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fCAL2ysKFWoC&q=Hockey%3A%20A%20People's%20History&pg=PP1">Hockey: A People's History</a>, McClelland & Stewart, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7710-5769-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7710-5769-5"><bdi>0-7710-5769-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hockey%3A+A+People%27s+History&rft.pub=McClelland+%26+Stewart&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7710-5769-5&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfCAL2ysKFWoC%26q%3DHockey%253A%2520A%2520People%27s%2520History%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPincus2006" class="citation cs2">Pincus, Arthur (2006), The Official Illustrated NHL History, Reader's Digest, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57243-445-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57243-445-7"><bdi>1-57243-445-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+Illustrated+NHL+History&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-57243-445-7&rft.aulast=Pincus&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPodnieks2003" class="citation cs2">Podnieks, Andrew (2003), Honoured members: The Hockey Hall of Fame, Fenn Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55168-239-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55168-239-7"><bdi>1-55168-239-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honoured+members%3A+The+Hockey+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=Fenn+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-55168-239-7&rft.aulast=Podnieks&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2015" class="citation cs2">Ross, J. Andrew (2015), Joining the Clubs: The Business of the National Hockey League to 1945, Syracuse University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3383-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3383-9"><bdi>978-0-8156-3383-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joining+the+Clubs%3A+The+Business+of+the+National+Hockey+League+to+1945&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3383-9&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J.+Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandor2005" class="citation cs2">Sandor, Steven (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WpI_rzHaT8oC&q=The%20Battle%20of%20Alberta%3A%20A%20Century%20of%20Hockey's%20Greatest%20Rivalry&pg=PP1">The Battle of Alberta: A Century of Hockey's Greatest Rivalry</a>, Heritage House, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-894974-01-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-894974-01-8"><bdi>1-894974-01-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+Alberta%3A+A+Century+of+Hockey%27s+Greatest+Rivalry&rft.pub=Heritage+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-894974-01-8&rft.aulast=Sandor&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWpI_rzHaT8oC%26q%3DThe%2520Battle%2520of%2520Alberta%253A%2520A%2520Century%2520of%2520Hockey%27s%2520Greatest%2520Rivalry%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilles2004" class="citation cs2">Willes, Ed (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FHMWR63PYTIC&q=The%20Rebel%20League%3A%20The%20Short%20and%20Unruly%20Life%20of%20the%20World%20Hockey%20Association&pg=PP1">The Rebel League: The Short and Unruly Life of the World Hockey Association</a>, McClelland & Stewart, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7710-8947-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7710-8947-3"><bdi>0-7710-8947-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rebel+League%3A+The+Short+and+Unruly+Life+of+the+World+Hockey+Association&rft.pub=McClelland+%26+Stewart&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7710-8947-3&rft.aulast=Willes&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFHMWR63PYTIC%26q%3DThe%2520Rebel%2520League%253A%2520The%2520Short%2520and%2520Unruly%2520Life%2520of%2520the%2520World%2520Hockey%2520Association%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2001" class="citation cs2">Wong, John Chi-Kit (2001), The Development of Professional Hockey and the Making of the National Hockey League, University of Maryland College Park, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-493-36894-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-493-36894-8"><bdi>978-0-493-36894-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+Professional+Hockey+and+the+Making+of+the+National+Hockey+League&rft.pub=University+of+Maryland+College+Park&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-493-36894-8&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=John+Chi-Kit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBass2011" class="citation cs2">Bass, Alan (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JgLqzbebH4gC&q=The%20NHL&pg=PP1">The Great Expansion: The Ultimate Risk That Changed the NHL Forever</a>, Iuniverse Inc, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4502-8605-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4502-8605-3"><bdi>978-1-4502-8605-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Expansion%3A+The+Ultimate+Risk+That+Changed+the+NHL+Forever&rft.pub=Iuniverse+Inc&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4502-8605-3&rft.aulast=Bass&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJgLqzbebH4gC%26q%3DThe%2520NHL%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischler2003" class="citation cs2">Fischler, Stan & Shirley (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wpbLnSHBNHgC&q=National%20Hockey%20League&pg=PA1">Who's Who in Hockey</a>, Andrews McMeel Pub, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7407-1904-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7407-1904-1"><bdi>0-7407-1904-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+Hockey&rft.pub=Andrews+McMeel+Pub&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7407-1904-1&rft.aulast=Fischler&rft.aufirst=Stan+%26+Shirley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwpbLnSHBNHgC%26q%3DNational%2520Hockey%2520League%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2015" class="citation book cs1">Ross, J. Andrew (2015). Joining the Clubs: The Business of the National Hockey League to 1945. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3383-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3383-9"><bdi>978-0-8156-3383-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joining+the+Clubs%3A+The+Business+of+the+National+Hockey+League+to+1945&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3383-9&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J.+Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2010" class="citation cs2">Wright, Marshall D (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5BwMfrkN1SQC&q=National%20Hockey%20League&pg=PP1">The National Hockey League, 1917-1967: A Year-by-Year Statistical History</a>, McFarland & Co, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4444-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4444-1"><bdi>978-0-7864-4444-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+National+Hockey+League%2C+1917-1967%3A+A+Year-by-Year+Statistical+History&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Co&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-4444-1&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Marshall+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5BwMfrkN1SQC%26q%3DNational%2520Hockey%2520League%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+the+National+Hockey+League" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_National_Hockey_League&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051008121427/http://www.nhl.com/history/index.html">NHL.com—History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/hockeyhistory/">Hockey: A People's History</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Hockey_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Hockey_League" title="Template:National Hockey League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Hockey_League" title="Template talk:National Hockey League"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Hockey_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Hockey League"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Hockey_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vegas_Golden_Knights" title="Vegas Golden Knights">Vegas Golden Knights</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#D0E7FF;"><div id="Central_Division" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Division_(NHL)" title="Central Division (NHL)">Central Division</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Blackhawks" title="Chicago Blackhawks">Chicago Blackhawks</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Avalanche" title="Colorado Avalanche">Colorado Avalanche</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Stars" title="Dallas Stars">Dallas Stars</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Wild" title="Minnesota Wild">Minnesota Wild</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis Blues</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Utah_Hockey_Club" title="Utah Hockey Club">Utah Hockey Club</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#D0E7FF;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Jets" title="Winnipeg Jets">Winnipeg Jets</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFCCCC;"><div id="Atlantic_Division" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Division_(NHL)" title="Atlantic Division (NHL)">Atlantic Division</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Red_Wings" title="Detroit Red Wings">Detroit Red Wings</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Florida_Panthers" title="Florida Panthers">Florida Panthers</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Canadiens" title="Montreal Canadiens">Montreal Canadiens</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Senators" title="Ottawa Senators">Ottawa Senators</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Lightning" title="Tampa Bay Lightning">Tampa Bay Lightning</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Maple_Leafs" title="Toronto Maple Leafs">Toronto Maple Leafs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFCCCC;"><div id="Metropolitan_Division" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Division" title="Metropolitan Division">Metropolitan Division</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Hurricanes" title="Carolina Hurricanes">Carolina Hurricanes</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Blue_Jackets" title="Columbus Blue Jackets">Columbus Blue Jackets</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Devils" title="New Jersey Devils">New Jersey Devils</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Islanders" title="New York Islanders">New York Islanders</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Rangers" title="New York Rangers">New York Rangers</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Flyers" title="Philadelphia Flyers">Philadelphia Flyers</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Penguins" title="Pittsburgh Penguins">Pittsburgh Penguins</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#FFCCCC;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Capitals" title="Washington Capitals">Washington Capitals</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eee;">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#eee;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_seasons" title="List of NHL seasons">Seasons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Season_structure_of_the_NHL" title="Season structure of the NHL">structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_playoffs" title="Stanley Cup playoffs">playoffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHL_playoff_ties" title="NHL playoff ties">tied games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_conference_finals" title="NHL conference finals">conference finals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="Stanley Cup Finals">Finals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stanley_Cup_champions" title="List of Stanley Cup champions">champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_winning_players" title="Stanley Cup winning players">winning players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_and_anecdotes_associated_with_the_Stanley_Cup" title="Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup">traditions and anecdotes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents%27_Trophy" title="Presidents' Trophy">Presidents' Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_All-Star_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="National Hockey League All-Star Game">All-Star Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Entry_Draft" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL Entry Draft">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players" title="List of NHL players">Players</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_Players%27_Association" title="National Hockey League Players' Association">Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_retired_numbers" title="List of National Hockey League retired numbers">retired jersey numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_All-Star_team" title="NHL All-Star team">All-Star teams</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHL_All-Decade_team" title="NHL All-Decade team">All-Decade teams</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_awards" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Hockey League awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NHL_captains_and_alternate_captains" title="List of current NHL captains and alternate captains">Captains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_outdoor_games" title="NHL outdoor games">Outdoor games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Winter_Classic" title="NHL Winter Classic">Winter Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Heritage_Classic" title="NHL Heritage Classic">Heritage Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Stadium_Series" title="NHL Stadium Series">Stadium Series</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hockey Day <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hockey_Day_in_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Hockey Day in America">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hockey_Day_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Hockey Day in Canada">Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_games_played_by_NHL_teams" title="List of international games played by NHL teams">International games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_Hockeyville" title="Kraft Hockeyville">Kraft Hockeyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Big_City_Greens_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL Big City Greens Classic">Big City Greens Classic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eee;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#eee;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Eras <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-NHL_seasons" title="List of pre-NHL seasons">pre-NHL (1883–1926)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_Association" title="National Hockey Association">NHA (1910–1917)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1917%E2%80%931942)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1917–1942)">1917–1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1942%E2%80%931967)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)">1942–1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1967%E2%80%931992)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1967–1992)">1967–1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1992%E2%80%932017)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1992–2017)">1992–2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)">Since 2017</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_all-time_NHL_standings" title="List of all-time NHL standings">All-time standings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_playoff_series" title="List of NHL playoff series">All-time playoff series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_organizational_changes_in_the_NHL" title="History of organizational changes in the NHL">Organizational changes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_and_relocated_National_Hockey_League_teams" title="List of defunct and relocated National Hockey League teams">defunct and relocated teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Six" title="Original Six">Original Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_NHL_expansion" title="1967 NHL expansion">1967 expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Hockey_Association" title="World Hockey Association">WHA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHL%E2%80%93WHA_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL–WHA merger">merger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potential_National_Hockey_League_expansion" title="Potential National Hockey League expansion">potential expansion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eee;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#eee;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_franchise_post-season_appearance_streaks" title="List of NHL franchise post-season appearance streaks">Streaks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_longest_winning_streaks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Hockey League longest winning streaks">wins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_longest_losing_streaks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Hockey League longest losing streaks">losses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_franchise_post-season_droughts" title="List of NHL franchise post-season droughts">Droughts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hockey_Hall_of_Fame" title="Hockey Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Hockey_Hall_of_Fame" title="List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame">members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_rivalries" class="mw-redirect" title="National Hockey League rivalries">Rivalries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_arenas" title="List of National Hockey League arenas">Arenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_rules" title="National Hockey League rules">Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_in_ice_hockey" title="Fighting in ice hockey">Fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violence_in_ice_hockey" title="Violence in ice hockey">Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_uniform" title="NHL uniform">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey_in_Canada" title="Ice hockey in Canada">Ice hockey in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey_in_the_United_States" title="Ice hockey in the United States">Ice hockey in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_teams_by_valuation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NHL teams by valuation">Valuations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Collective_Bargaining_Agreement" title="NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement">Collective bargaining agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_lockout" title="NHL lockout">Lockouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_on_television" title="National Hockey League on television">Television</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_on_the_radio" title="National Hockey League on the radio">radio coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_attendance_figures" title="List of National Hockey League attendance figures">Attendance figures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:National_Hockey_League" title="Category:National Hockey League">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_NHL_season" title="2024–25 NHL season">2024–25 season</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Hockey_League-related_lists_and_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NHL_topics" title="Template:NHL topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NHL_topics" title="Template talk:NHL topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NHL_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NHL topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Hockey_League-related_lists_and_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>-related lists and topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-NHL_seasons" title="List of pre-NHL seasons">Pre-NHL seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_Association" title="National Hockey Association">National Hockey Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1917%E2%80%931942)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1917–1942)">1917–1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1942%E2%80%931967)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)">1942–1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1967%E2%80%931992)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1967–1992)">1967–1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(1992%E2%80%932017)" title="History of the National Hockey League (1992–2017)">1992–2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)">2017–present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_all-time_NHL_standings" title="List of all-time NHL standings">All-time standings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_seasons" title="List of NHL seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_playoff_series" title="List of NHL playoff series">Playoff series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_playoff_ties" title="NHL playoff ties">Tied games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_franchise_post-season_appearance_streaks" title="List of NHL franchise post-season appearance streaks">Streaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_franchise_post-season_droughts" title="List of NHL franchise post-season droughts">Droughts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_retired_numbers" title="List of National Hockey League retired numbers">Retired numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_their_first_National_Hockey_League_player" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries with their first National Hockey League player">First NHL player by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey_in_Canada" title="Ice hockey in Canada">Ice hockey in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey_in_the_United_States" title="Ice hockey in the United States">Ice hockey in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ice_hockey_line_nicknames" title="List of ice hockey line nicknames">Famous linemates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NHL_captains_and_alternate_captains" title="List of current NHL captains and alternate captains">Captains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_who_spent_their_entire_career_with_one_franchise" title="List of NHL players who spent their entire career with one franchise">Careers with one franchise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_head_coaches" title="List of NHL head coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_NHL_general_managers" title="List of current NHL general managers">General managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_franchise_owners" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NHL franchise owners">Owners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_family_relations_in_the_NHL" title="List of family relations in the NHL">Notable families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_commissioner" title="NHL commissioner">Presidents and Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_on-ice_officials" title="List of NHL on-ice officials">Referees and linesmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Records</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NHL_statistical_records" title="Category:NHL statistical records">League records</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_records_(individual)" title="List of NHL records (individual)">individual</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_records_(team)" title="List of NHL records (team)">team</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_statistical_leaders" title="List of NHL statistical leaders">Statistical leaders</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_statistical_leaders_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NHL statistical leaders by country">by country of birth</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_1,000_points" title="List of NHL players with 1,000 points">Points, career (min. 1,000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_career_assists_leaders" title="List of NHL career assists leaders">Assists, career (min. 600)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_500_goals" title="List of NHL players with 500 goals">Goals, career (min. 500)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_100-point_seasons" title="List of NHL players with 100-point seasons">Points, season (min. 100)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_50-goal_seasons" title="List of NHL players with 50-goal seasons">Goals, season (min. 50)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_goals_in_50_games" title="50 goals in 50 games">50 goals in 50 games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_1,000_games_played" title="List of NHL players with 1,000 games played">Games, career (min. 1,000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_500_consecutive_games_played" title="List of NHL players with 500 consecutive games played">Consecutive games, career (min. 500)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_players_with_2,000_career_penalty_minutes" title="List of NHL players with 2,000 career penalty minutes">PIMs, career (min. 2,000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_players_with_five_or_more_goals_in_an_NHL_game" title="List of players with five or more goals in an NHL game">5+ goals, game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_players_with_eight_or_more_points_in_an_NHL_game" title="List of players with eight or more points in an NHL game">8+ points, game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_goaltenders_with_300_wins" title="List of NHL goaltenders with 300 wins">Goaltender wins, career (min. 300)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_goalscoring_NHL_goaltenders" title="List of goalscoring NHL goaltenders">Goaltenders who have scored</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_career_achievements_by_Wayne_Gretzky" title="List of career achievements by Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky's records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordie_Howe#Records" title="Gordie Howe">Gordie Howe's records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_longest_winning_streaks" title="List of NHL longest winning streaks">Longest winning streaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_longest_losing_streaks" title="List of NHL longest losing streaks">Longest losing streaks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_games_played_by_NHL_teams" title="List of international games played by NHL teams">International games with NHL teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_ice_hockey_competitions_featuring_NHL_players" title="List of international ice hockey competitions featuring NHL players">International games with NHL players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_4_Nations_Face-Off" title="NHL 4 Nations Face-Off">4 Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cup_of_Hockey" title="World Cup of Hockey">World Cup of Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hockey_Fights_Cancer" title="Hockey Fights Cancer">Hockey Fights Cancer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Hockey_League_attendance_figures" title="List of National Hockey League attendance figures">Attendance totals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_(sports)#NHL_2" title="Trade (sports)">Trade deadline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waivers_(NHL)" title="Waivers (NHL)">Waivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_player_salaries_in_the_NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="List of player salaries in the NHL">Player salaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League_Players%27_Association" title="National Hockey League Players' Association">NHLPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_Collective_Bargaining_Agreement" title="NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement">CBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ice_hockey_video_games" title="List of ice hockey video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHL_mascots" title="List of NHL mascots">Mascots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytics_(ice_hockey)" title="Analytics (ice hockey)">Advanced statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHL_uniform" title="NHL uniform">NHL uniform</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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[\"Citation\"] = 71,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 7,\n [\"Emergence of the NHL\"] = 1,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 96,\n [\"Main\"] = 7,\n [\"NHL\"] = 1,\n [\"NHL topics\"] = 1,\n [\"NHLHistory\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Timeline National Hockey League\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rmmbn","timestamp":"20241124161321","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"History of the National Hockey League","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_National_Hockey_League","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6382240","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6382240","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-01-10T15:37:20Z","dateModified":"2024-11-03T06:02:16Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/00\/Leafs_v_Red_Wings_1942.jpg","headline":"NHL history"}</script> </body> </html>