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aghaidh - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wiktionary.org/wiki/aghaidh" title="aghaidh – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="aghaidh" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/aghaidh" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irish">Irish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Irish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Old Irish">Old Irish</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/agad#Old_Irish" title="agad">agad</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">face, countenance; surface; expanse</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munster_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Munster Irish">Munster</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Irish pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɑiɟ/</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connacht_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Connacht Irish">Connacht</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Irish pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ai/</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aran_Islands" class="extiw" title="w:Aran Islands">Aran</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Irish pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈaiə/</span>, <span class="IPA">/ai/</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulster_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Ulster Irish">Ulster</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Irish pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/əi̯/</span>, <span class="IPA">/ɤi̯/</span>, <span class="IPA">/ˈaiə/</span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ga">aghaidh</strong> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> (<i>genitive singular</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidhe#Irish" title="aghaidhe">aghaidhe</a></b> <i>or</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></b>, <i>nominative plural</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidheanna#Irish" title="aghaidheanna">aghaidheanna</a></b> <i>or</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/face" title="face">face</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/%C3%A9adan#Irish" title="éadan">éadan</a></span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/front" title="front">front</a>, <a href="/wiki/aspect" title="aspect">aspect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/dial" title="dial">dial</a> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">of clock</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/obverse" title="obverse">obverse</a> 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table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-4)}</style> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-box inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-collapsible inflection-table-collapsed no-vc" style="width: fit-content"> <table class="inflection-box-content"> <caption class="inflection-table-title">Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">aghaidh</i> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_second-declension_nouns" title="Appendix:Irish second-declension nouns">second declension</a>) </caption> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-green inflection-table-no-title" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="outer">bare forms </th></tr> <tr> <th>case </th> <th>singular </th> <th>plural </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/nominative" title="nominative">nominative</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidheanna#Irish" title="aghaidheanna">aghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/vocative" title="vocative">vocative</a> </td> <td>a <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>a <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidheanna#Irish" title="aghaidheanna">aghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/genitive" title="genitive">genitive</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidhe#Irish" title="aghaidhe">aghaidhe</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidheanna#Irish" title="aghaidheanna">aghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/dative" title="dative">dative</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidheanna#Irish" title="aghaidheanna">aghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-green inflection-table-no-title" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="outer">forms with the <a href="/wiki/definite_article" title="definite article">definite article</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>case </th> <th>singular </th> <th>plural </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/nominative" title="nominative">nominative</a> </td> <td>an <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haghaidheanna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haghaidheanna (page does not exist)">haghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/genitive" title="genitive">genitive</a> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haghaidhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haghaidhe (page does not exist)">haghaidhe</a></span> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n-aghaidheanna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="n-aghaidheanna (page does not exist)">n-aghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/dative" title="dative">dative</a> </td> <td>leis an <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span><br />don <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>leis na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haghaidheanna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haghaidheanna (page does not exist)">haghaidheanna</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <dl><dt>Alternative declension</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-box inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-collapsible inflection-table-collapsed no-vc" style="width: fit-content"> <table class="inflection-box-content"> <caption class="inflection-table-title">Declension of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">aghaidh</i> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_second-declension_nouns" title="Appendix:Irish second-declension nouns">second declension</a>) </caption> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-green inflection-table-no-title" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="outer">bare forms </th></tr> <tr> <th>case </th> <th>singular </th> <th>plural </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/nominative" title="nominative">nominative</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/vocative" title="vocative">vocative</a> </td> <td>a <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>a <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/genitive" title="genitive">genitive</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/dative" title="dative">dative</a> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aighthe#Irish" title="aighthe">aighthe</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-green inflection-table-no-title" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="outer">forms with the <a href="/wiki/definite_article" title="definite article">definite article</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>case </th> <th>singular </th> <th>plural </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/nominative" title="nominative">nominative</a> </td> <td>an <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haighthe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haighthe (page does not exist)">haighthe</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/genitive" title="genitive">genitive</a> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haighthe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haighthe (page does not exist)">haighthe</a></span> </td> <td>na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n-aighthe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="n-aighthe (page does not exist)">n-aighthe</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/dative" title="dative">dative</a> </td> <td>leis an <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span><br />don <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td>leis na <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haighthe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haighthe (page does not exist)">haighthe</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="2"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidh_ar_aghaidh#Irish" title="aghaidh ar aghaidh">aghaidh ar aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">face to face</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidh-dh%C3%A1na#Irish" title="aghaidh-dhána">aghaidh-dhána</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">bold-faced</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">adjective</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aghaidhbh%C3%A9asach#Irish" title="aghaidhbhéasach">aghaidhbhéasach</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">civil-looking</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">adjective</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/ar_aghaidh#Irish" title="ar aghaidh">ar aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in front of, opposite, facing</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/in_aghaidh#Irish" title="in aghaidh">in aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">contrary to; opposed to, against</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/le_haghaidh#Irish" title="le haghaidh">le haghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">for; near; in store for</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mutation">Mutation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mutation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-orange" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <caption class="inflection-table-title"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_mutations" title="Appendix:Irish mutations">Mutated forms</a> of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">aghaidh</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>radical</th> <th>eclipsis</th> <th>with <i>h</i>-prothesis</th> <th>with <i>t</i>-prothesis </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n-aghaidh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="n-aghaidh (page does not exist)">n-aghaidh</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=haghaidh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="haghaidh (page does not exist)">haghaidh</a></span> </td> <td><i>not applicable</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="inflection-table-notes"> <p style="font-size:85%;"><i>Note:</i> Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.<br />All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.</p> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79053813">.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-alpha ol{list-style:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-upper-alpha ol{list-style:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-roman ol{list-style:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-upper-roman ol{list-style:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-lower-greek ol{list-style:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-disc ol{list-style:disc}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-square ol{list-style:square}.mw-parser-output .reflist.list-style-none ol{list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .reflist.nobacklinks .mw-cite-backlink,.mw-parser-output .reflist.nobacklinks li>a{display:none}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-xx-small ol{font-size:xx-small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-x-small ol{font-size:x-small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-smaller ol{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-small ol{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-medium ol{font-size:medium}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-large ol{font-size:large}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-larger ol{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-x-large ol{font-size:x-large}.mw-parser-output .reflist.font-size-xx-large ol{font-size:xx-large}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="2"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="3"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="4"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:4}.mw-parser-output .reflist[data-column-count="5"] .mw-references-wrap{column-count:5}</style><div class="reflist font-size-smaller"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (<span class="None" lang="und">2019</span>), “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dil.ie/678">agad, aiged</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_the_Irish_Language" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary of the Irish Language">eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language</a></cite></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_Sjoestedt" class="extiw" title="w:Marie-Louise Sjoestedt">Sjoestedt, M. L.</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1931</span>) <cite><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Phon%C3%A9tique_d%E2%80%99un_parler_irlandais_de_Kerry" class="extiw" title="s:fr:Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry">Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry</a></cite> (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, <span class="None" lang="und"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Phon%C3%A9tique_d%E2%80%99un_parler_irlandais_de_Kerry/2-8#p195" class="extiw" title="s:fr:Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry/2-8">§ 195</a></span>, page <span class="None" lang="und"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Page:Phon%C3%A9tique_d%27un_parler_irlandais_de_Kerry.pdf/116" class="extiw" title="s:fr:Page:Phonétique d'un parler irlandais de Kerry.pdf/116">98</a></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Nikolaus_Finck" class="extiw" title="w:Franz Nikolaus Finck">Finck, F. N.</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1899</span>) <cite><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/de:Die_araner_mundart" class="extiw" title="s:de:Die araner mundart">Die araner mundart</a></cite> (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page <span class="None" lang="und"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/de:Seite:Die_araner_mundart.djvu/245" class="extiw" title="s:de:Seite:Die araner mundart.djvu/245">3</a></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Crosby_Quiggin" class="extiw" title="w:Edmund Crosby Quiggin">Quiggin, E. C.</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1906</span>) <cite><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Dialect_of_Donegal" class="extiw" title="s:A Dialect of Donegal">A Dialect of Donegal</a></cite>, Cambridge University Press, <span class="None" lang="und"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Dialect_of_Donegal/The_Vowel_System#s171" class="extiw" title="s:A Dialect of Donegal/The Vowel System">§ 171</a></span>, page <span class="None" lang="und"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Quiggin_Dialect_of_Donegal_0064.png" class="extiw" title="s:Page:Quiggin Dialect of Donegal 0064.png">64</a></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niall_%C3%93_D%C3%B3naill" class="extiw" title="w:Niall Ó Dónaill">Ó Dónaill, Niall</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1977</span>) “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teanglann.ie/en/fgb/aghaidh">aghaidh</a>”, in <cite>Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla</cite>, Dublin: An Gúm, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857910384" title="Special:BookSources/9781857910384">→ISBN</a></small></span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_de_Bhaldraithe" class="extiw" title="w:Tomás de Bhaldraithe">de Bhaldraithe, Tomás</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1959</span>) “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teanglann.ie/en/eid/aghaidh">aghaidh</a>”, in <cite>English-Irish Dictionary</cite>, An Gúm</span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focloir.ie/en/search/ei/adv?q=aghaidh&inlanguage=ga">aghaidh</a>”, in <cite>New English-Irish Dictionary</cite>, Foras na Gaeilge, <span class="None" lang="und">2013-2024</span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scottish_Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Scottish Gaelic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Old Irish">Old Irish</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/agad#Old_Irish" title="agad">agad</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">face, countenance; surface; expanse</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Scottish_Gaelic_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Scottish Gaelic pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɤ.ɪ/</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiree" class="extiw" title="w:Tiree">Tiree</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Mull" class="extiw" title="w:Isle of Mull">Mull</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islay" class="extiw" title="w:Islay">Islay</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Scottish_Gaelic_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Scottish Gaelic pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[ˈɤʔɤç]</span></li> <li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><span class="usage-label-accent">North West <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Sutherland_Gaelic" class="extiw" title="w:East Sutherland Gaelic">Sutherland</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> Inverness-shire<span class="ib-comma">,</span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeside_Gaelic" class="extiw" title="w:Deeside Gaelic">Deeside</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthshire" class="extiw" title="w:Perthshire">Perthshire</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Scottish_Gaelic_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Scottish Gaelic pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[ˈɤɣɪ]</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun_2">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="gd">aghaidh</strong> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> (<i>genitive singular</i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-gd gen|s-form-of" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/aghaidhe#Scottish_Gaelic" title="aghaidhe">aghaidhe</a></b>, <i>plural</i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-gd p-form-of" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/aghaidhean#Scottish_Gaelic" title="aghaidhean">aghaidhean</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/face" title="face">face</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/aodann#Scottish_Gaelic" title="aodann">aodann</a></span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/surface" title="surface">surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/front" title="front">front</a></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#slang" title="Appendix:Glossary">slang</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/cheek" title="cheek">cheek</a>, <a href="/wiki/impudence" title="impudence">impudence</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/aghaidh_ri_aghaidh#Scottish_Gaelic" title="aghaidh ri aghaidh">aghaidh ri aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">face to face</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/aghaidh-choimheach#Scottish_Gaelic" title="aghaidh-choimheach">aghaidh-choimheach</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">mask</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/an_aghaidh#Scottish_Gaelic" title="an aghaidh">an aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">against</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/eadar-aghaidh#Scottish_Gaelic" title="eadar-aghaidh">eadar-aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">interface</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/se%C3%B2mar-aghaidh#Scottish_Gaelic" title="seòmar-aghaidh">seòmar-aghaidh</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">antechamber, front room</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mutation_2">Mutation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Mutation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-blue" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82815921"> <table class="inflection-table"> <caption class="inflection-table-title"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Scottish_Gaelic_mutations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Appendix:Scottish Gaelic mutations (page does not exist)">Mutation</a> of <i class="Latn mention" lang="gd">aghaidh</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>radical</th> <th>eclipsis</th> <th>with <i>h</i>-prothesis</th> <th>with <i>t</i>-prothesis </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><strong class="selflink">aghaidh</strong></span></td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n-aghaidh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="n-aghaidh (page does not exist)">n-aghaidh</a></span></td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=h-aghaidh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="h-aghaidh (page does not exist)">h-aghaidh</a></span></td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="gd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=t-aghaidh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="t-aghaidh (page does not exist)">t-aghaidh</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="inflection-table-notes"> <p style="font-size: 85%"><i>Note:</i> Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.<br />All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.</p> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_2">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=aghaidh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Edward Dwelly (<span class="None" lang="und">1911</span>) “aghaidh”, in <cite>Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan</cite> [<cite><span class="e-translation">The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary</span></cite>]‎<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.dwelly.info/index.aspx?Language=en">[1]</a></sup>, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-901771-92-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-901771-92-9">→ISBN</a></small></span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (<span class="None" lang="und">2019</span>), “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dil.ie/678">agad, aiged</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_the_Irish_Language" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary of the Irish Language">eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language</a></cite></span></span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f58cd8b6‐z7xwt Cached time: 20241203212338 Cache expiry: 2428591 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.773 seconds Real time usage: 1.003 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2994/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 66150/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7703/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 24/100 Expensive parser function count: 24/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 90793/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.495/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17045803/104857600 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 952.754 1 -total 25.61% 244.027 2 Template:inh 23.85% 227.204 7 Template:IPA 23.55% 224.336 7 Template:no_deprecated_lang_param_usage 22.99% 218.991 2 Template:ga-decl-f2 22.35% 212.904 2 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