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placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes"> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default"> </form> <div id="searchbox"></div><div class="sidebar-scroll"><div class="sidebar-tree"> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="install.html">Installation and Requirements</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html">Changelog</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-1" name="toctree-checkbox-1" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-1"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Changelog</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_5.html">Changes for 1.5</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_4.html">Changes for 1.4</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html">Changes for 1.3</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_2.html">Changes for 1.2</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_1.html">Changes for 1.1</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_0.html">Changes for 1.0</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_pre.html">Changes before gevent 1.0</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="intro.html">Introduction</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent</span></code> – common functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html">Greenlet Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="servers.html">Implementing servers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="dns.html">Name Resolution (DNS)</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-2" name="toctree-checkbox-2" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-2"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Name Resolution (DNS)</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.thread.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.thread</span></code> – thread based hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.ares.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.ares</span></code> – c-ares based hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.dnspython.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.dnspython</span></code> – Pure Python hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.blocking.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.blocking</span></code> – Non-cooperative resolver</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="monitoring.html">Monitoring and Debugging gevent Applications</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="loop_impls.html">Event Loop Implementations: libuv and libev</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="configuration.html">Configuring gevent</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/index.html">API reference</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of API reference</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent</span></code> – common functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.timeout.html">Cooperative Timeouts Using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.Timeout</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html">Greenlet Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.socket.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.socket</span></code> – Cooperative low-level networking interface</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-4" name="toctree-checkbox-4" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-4"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of gevent.socket – Cooperative low-level networking interface</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent._socket3.html">Python 3 interface</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.ssl.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.ssl</span></code> – Secure Sockets Layer (SSL/TLS) module</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.select.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.select</span></code> – Waiting for I/O completion</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.selectors.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.selectors</span></code> – High-level IO Multiplexing</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.event.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.event</span></code> – Notifications of multiple listeners</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.queue.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.queue</span></code> – Synchronized queues</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.local.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.local</span></code> – Greenlet-local objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.lock.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.lock</span></code> – Locking primitives</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.hub.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.hub</span></code> - The Event Loop and the Hub</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.core.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.core</span></code> - (deprecated) event loop abstraction</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent</span></code> – common functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.backdoor.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.backdoor</span></code> – Interactive greenlet-based network console that can be used in any process</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.baseserver.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.baseserver</span></code> – Base class for implementing servers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.builtins.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.builtins</span></code> – gevent friendly implementations of builtin functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.contextvars.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.contextvars</span></code> – Cooperative <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contextvars</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.core.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.core</span></code> - (deprecated) event loop abstraction</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.event.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.event</span></code> – Notifications of multiple listeners</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.events.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.events</span></code> – Publish/subscribe event infrastructure</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.exceptions.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.exceptions</span></code> – Exceptions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.fileobject.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.fileobject</span></code> – Wrappers to make file-like objects cooperative</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.hub.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.hub</span></code> - The Event Loop and the Hub</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.local.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.local</span></code> – Greenlet-local objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.lock.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.lock</span></code> – Locking primitives</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.monkey.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.monkey</span></code> – Make the standard library cooperative</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.os.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.os</span></code> – Low-level operating system functions from <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.pool.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.pool</span></code> – Managing greenlets in a group</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.pywsgi.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.pywsgi</span></code> – A pure-Python, gevent-friendly WSGI server</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.queue.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.queue</span></code> – Synchronized queues</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.ares.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.ares</span></code> – c-ares based hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.blocking.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.blocking</span></code> – Non-cooperative resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.dnspython.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.dnspython</span></code> – Pure Python hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.resolver.thread.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.thread</span></code> – thread based hostname resolver</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.select.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.select</span></code> – Waiting for I/O completion</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.selectors.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.selectors</span></code> – High-level IO Multiplexing</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.server.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.server</span></code> – TCP/SSL server</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.signal.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.signal</span></code> – Cooperative implementation of special cases of <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">signal.signal()</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.socket.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.socket</span></code> – Cooperative low-level networking interface</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of gevent.socket – Cooperative low-level networking interface</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent._socket3.html">Python 3 interface</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.ssl.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.ssl</span></code> – Secure Sockets Layer (SSL/TLS) module</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.subprocess.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.subprocess</span></code> – Cooperative <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code> module</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.thread.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.thread</span></code> – Implementation of the standard <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">thread</span></code> module that spawns greenlets</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.threading.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.threading</span></code> – Implementation of the standard <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading</span></code> using greenlets</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.threadpool.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.threadpool</span></code> - A pool of native threads</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.time.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.time</span></code> – Makes <em>sleep</em> gevent aware</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.util.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.util</span></code> – Low-level utilities</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.ares.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.ares</span></code> – Backwards compatibility alias for <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver.cares</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.wsgi.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.wsgi</span></code> – Historical note only; does not exist</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/index.html">Examples</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Examples</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/concurrent_download.html">Example concurrent_download.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/dns_mass_resolve.html">Example dns_mass_resolve.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/echoserver.html">Example echoserver.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/geventsendfile.html">Example geventsendfile.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/portforwarder.html">Example portforwarder.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/processes.html">Example processes.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/psycopg2_pool.html">Example psycopg2_pool.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/threadpool.html">Example threadpool.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/udp_client.html">Example udp_client.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/udp_server.html">Example udp_server.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/unixsocket_client.html">Example unixsocket_client.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/unixsocket_server.html">Example unixsocket_server.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/webproxy.html">Example webproxy.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/webpy.html">Example webpy.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/wsgiserver.html">Example wsgiserver.py</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="examples/wsgiserver_ssl.html">Example wsgiserver_ssl.py</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="development/index.html">Development</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Development</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="development/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="development/installing_from_source.html">Installing From Source</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="development/running_tests.html">Running Tests</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="development/ci.html">Continuous integration</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="development/release_process.html">Release Process</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul class="current"> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="success.html">Success stories</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="community.html">Community</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1 current has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="older_releases.html">Information About Older Releases</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-8" name="toctree-checkbox-8" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-8"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Information About Older Releases</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="current"> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew_1_5.html">What’s new in gevent 1.5</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-9" name="toctree-checkbox-9" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-9"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of What’s new in gevent 1.5</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_5.html">Changes for 1.5</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew_1_4.html">What’s new in gevent 1.4</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-10" name="toctree-checkbox-10" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-10"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of What’s new in gevent 1.4</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_4.html">Changes for 1.4</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2 current has-children current-page"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">What’s new in gevent 1.3</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-11" name="toctree-checkbox-11" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-11"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of What’s new in gevent 1.3</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html">Changes for 1.3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew_1_2.html">What’s new in gevent 1.2</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" 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href="whatsnew_1_0.html">What’s new in gevent 1.0</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-14" name="toctree-checkbox-14" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-14"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of What’s new in gevent 1.0</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_0.html">Changes for 1.0</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_5.html">Changes for 1.5</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_4.html">Changes for 1.4</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html">Changes for 1.3</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_2.html">Changes for 1.2</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_1.html">Changes for 1.1</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_0.html">Changes for 1.0</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_pre.html">Changes before gevent 1.0</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="main"> <div class="content"> <div class="article-container"> <a href="#" class="back-to-top muted-link"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z"></path> </svg> <span>Back to top</span> </a> <div class="content-icon-container"> <div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content"> <button class="theme-toggle"> <div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div> <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-light"><use href="#svg-sun-with-moon"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-dark"><use href="#svg-moon-with-sun"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg> </button> </div> <label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc"> <div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div> <i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i> </label> </div> <article role="main" id="furo-main-content"> <section id="what-s-new-in-gevent-1-3"> <h1>What’s new in gevent 1.3<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-gevent-1-3" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1> <div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html">Changes for 1.3</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id1">1.3.7 (2018-10-12)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id2">1.3.6 (2018-08-17)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id3">1.3.5 (2018-07-16)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id4">1.3.4 (2018-06-20)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id5">1.3.3 (2018-06-08)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#post0-2018-05-30">1.3.2.post0 (2018-05-30)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id6">1.3.2 (2018-05-29)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id7">1.3.1 (2018-05-18)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#id8">1.3.0 (2018-05-11)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#b2-2018-05-03">1.3b2 (2018-05-03)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#b1-2018-04-13">1.3b1 (2018-04-13)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#a2-2018-03-06">1.3a2 (2018-03-06)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html#a1-2018-01-27">1.3a1 (2018-01-27)</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <p>Detailed information on what has changed is available in the <a class="reference internal" href="changelog_1_3.html"><span class="doc">Changes for 1.3</span></a>. This document summarizes the most important changes since <a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew_1_2.html"><span class="doc">gevent 1.2</span></a>.</p> <p>gevent 1.3 is an important update for performance, debugging and monitoring, and platform support. It introduces an (optional) <a class="reference external" href="http://libuv.org">libuv</a> loop implementation and supports PyPy on Windows. See <a class="reference internal" href="loop_impls.html"><span class="doc">Event Loop Implementations: libuv and libev</span></a> for more.</p> <p>Since gevent 1.2.2 there have been about 450 commits from a half-dozen contributors. Almost 100 pull requests and more than 100 issues have been closed.</p> <section id="platform-support"> <h2>Platform Support<a class="headerlink" href="#platform-support" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>gevent 1.3 supports Python 2.7, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7 on the CPython (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.python.org/downloads/">python.org</a>) interpreter. It also supports <a class="reference external" href="http://pypy.org">PyPy2</a> 5.8.0 and above (PyPy2 5.10 or higher is recommended) and PyPy3 5.10.0.</p> <div class="admonition caution"> <p class="admonition-title">Caution</p> <p>Python 2.7.8 and below (Python 2.7 without a modern <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl</span></code> module), is no longer tested or supported. The support code remains in this release and gevent can be installed on such implementations, but such usage is not supported. Support for Python 2.7.8 will be removed in the next major version of gevent.</p> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> <p>PyPy is now supported on Windows with the libuv loop implementation.</p> </div> <p>Python 3.7 is in the process of release right now and gevent is tested with 3.7b4, the last scheduled beta for Python 3.7.</p> <p>For ease of installation on Windows, OS X and Linux, gevent 1.3 is distributed as pre-compiled binary wheels, in addition to source code.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> <p>On Linux, you’ll need to install gevent from source if you wish to use the libuv loop implementation. This is because the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0513/">manylinux1</a> specification for the distributed wheels does not support libuv. The CFFI library <em>must</em> be installed at build time.</p> </div> </section> <section id="greenlet-attributes"> <h2>Greenlet Attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#greenlet-attributes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet" title="gevent.Greenlet"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet</span></code></a> objects have gained some useful new attributes:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet.spawning_greenlet" title="gevent.Greenlet.spawning_greenlet"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet.spawning_greenlet</span></code></a> is the greenlet that created this greenlet. Since the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parent</span></code> of a greenlet is almost always gevent’s <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.hub.html#gevent.hub.Hub" title="gevent.hub.Hub"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hub</span></code></a>, this can be more useful to understand greenlet relationships.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet.spawn_tree_locals" title="gevent.Greenlet.spawn_tree_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet.spawn_tree_locals</span></code></a> is a dictionary of values maintained through the spawn tree (i.e., all descendents of a particular greenlet based on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spawning_greenlet</span></code>). This is convenient to share values between a set of greenlets, for example, all those involved in processing a request.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet.spawning_stack" title="gevent.Greenlet.spawning_stack"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet.spawning_stack</span></code></a> is a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/types.html#types.FrameType" title="(in Python v3.13)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">frame</span></code></a> -like object that captures where the greenlet was created and can be passed to <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/traceback.html#traceback.print_stack" title="(in Python v3.13)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">traceback.print_stack()</span></code></a>.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet.minimal_ident" title="gevent.Greenlet.minimal_ident"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet.minimal_ident</span></code></a> is a small integer unique across all greenlets.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.greenlet.html#gevent.Greenlet.name" title="gevent.Greenlet.name"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Greenlet.name</span></code></a> is a string printed in the greenlet’s repr by default.</p></li> </ul> <p>“Raw” greenlets created with <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.html#gevent.spawn_raw" title="gevent.spawn_raw"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spawn_raw</span></code></a> default to having the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spawning_greenlet</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spawn_tree_locals</span></code>.</p> <p>This extra data is printed by the new <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.util.html#gevent.util.print_run_info" title="gevent.util.print_run_info"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.util.print_run_info()</span></code></a> function.</p> </section> <section id="performance"> <h2>Performance<a class="headerlink" href="#performance" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>gevent 1.3 uses Cython on CPython to compile several performance critical modules. As a result, overall performance is improved. Specifically, queues are up to 5 times faster, pools are 10-20% faster, and the <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.local.html#gevent.local.local" title="gevent.local.local"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.local.local</span></code></a> is up to 40 times faster. See <a class="extlink-pr reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/pull/1156">pull request #1156</a>, <a class="extlink-pr reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/pull/1155">pull request #1155</a>, <a class="extlink-pr reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/pull/1117">pull request #1117</a> and <a class="extlink-pr reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/pull/1154">pull request #1154</a>.</p> </section> <section id="better-behaved-callbacks"> <h2>Better Behaved Callbacks<a class="headerlink" href="#better-behaved-callbacks" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>In gevent 1.2.2, event loop callbacks (including things like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sleep(0)</span></code>) would be run in sequence until we ran them all, or until we ran 10,000. Simply counting the number of callbacks could lead to no IO being serviced for an arbitrary, unbound, amount of time. To correct this, gevent 1.3 introduces <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.html#gevent.getswitchinterval" title="gevent.getswitchinterval"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.getswitchinterval</span></code></a> and will run callbacks for only (approximately) that amount of time before checking for IO. (This is similar to the way that Python 2 counted bytecode instructions between thread switches but Python 3 uses the more deterministic timer approach.) The hope is that this will result in “smoother” application behaviour and fewer pitfalls. See <a class="extlink-issue reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/issues/1072">issue #1072</a> for more details.</p> </section> <section id="monitoring-and-debugging"> <h2>Monitoring and Debugging<a class="headerlink" href="#monitoring-and-debugging" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>Many of the new greenlet attributes are useful for monitoring and debugging gevent applications. gevent also now has the (optional) ability to monitor for greenlets that call blocking functions and stall the event loop and to periodically check if the application has exceeded a configured memory limit. See <a class="reference internal" href="monitoring.html"><span class="doc">Monitoring and Debugging gevent Applications</span></a> for more information.</p> </section> <section id="new-pure-python-dns-resolver"> <h2>New Pure-Python DNS Resolver<a class="headerlink" href="#new-pure-python-dns-resolver" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/dnspython">dnspython</a> library is a new, pure-Python option for <a class="reference internal" href="dns.html"><span class="doc">Name Resolution (DNS)</span></a>. Benchmarks show it to be faster than the existing c-ares resolver and it is also more stable on PyPy. The c-ares resolver may be deprecated and removed in the future.</p> </section> <section id="api-additions"> <h2>API Additions<a class="headerlink" href="#api-additions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>Numerous APIs offer slightly expanded functionality in this version. Look for “changed in version 1.3” or “added in version 1.3” throughout the documentation for specifics.</p> <p>A few changes of note:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>The low-level watcher objects now have a <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.hub.html#gevent._interfaces.IWatcher.close" title="gevent._interfaces.IWatcher.close"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a> method that <em>must</em> be called to promptly dispose of native (libev or libuv) resources.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.monkey.html#gevent.monkey.patch_all" title="gevent.monkey.patch_all"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.monkey.patch_all</span></code></a> defaults to patching <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Event</span></code>.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.subprocess.html#gevent.subprocess.Popen" title="gevent.subprocess.Popen"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.subprocess.Popen</span></code></a> accepts the same keyword arguments in Python 2 as it does in Python 3.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.monkey.html#gevent.monkey.patch_all" title="gevent.monkey.patch_all"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.monkey.patch_all</span></code></a> and the various individual patch functions, emit events as patching is being done. This can be used to extend the patching process for new modules. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">patch_all</span></code> also passes all unknown keyword arguments to these events. See <a class="extlink-pr reference external" href="https://github.com/gevent/gevent/pull/1169">pull request #1169</a>.</p></li> <li><p>The module <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.events.html#module-gevent.events" title="gevent.events"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.events</span></code></a> contains the events that parts of gevent can emit. It will use <a class="reference external" href="https://zopeevent.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage.html#module-zope.event" title="(in zope.event v5.1)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zope.event</span></code></a> if that is installed.</p></li> </ul> </section> <section id="library-updates"> <h2>Library Updates<a class="headerlink" href="#library-updates" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>One of the C libraries that are bundled with gevent have been updated. c-ares has been updated from 1.13.0 to 1.14.0 (<a class="reference external" href="https://c-ares.haxx.se/changelog.html">c-ares release notes</a>).</p> </section> <section id="compatibility"> <h2>Compatibility<a class="headerlink" href="#compatibility" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>This release is intended to be compatible with 1.2.x with no changes to client source code, so long as only non-deprecated and supported interfaces were used (as always, internal, non-documented implementation details may have changed). Here are some specific compatibility notes.</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="dns.html"><span class="doc">resolvers</span></a> have been refactored. As a result, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.ares</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver_ares</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.resolver_thread</span></code> have been deprecated. Choosing a resolver by alias (e.g., ‘thread’) in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GEVENT_RESOLVER</span></code> environment variable continues to work as before.</p></li> <li><p>The internal module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent._threading</span></code> was significantly refactored. As the name indicates this is an internal module not intended as part of the public API, but such uses have been observed.</p></li> <li><p>The module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.wsgi</span></code> was removed. Use <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.pywsgi.html#module-gevent.pywsgi" title="gevent.pywsgi"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.pywsgi</span></code></a> instead. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.wsgi</span></code> was nothing but an alias for <a class="reference internal" href="api/gevent.pywsgi.html#module-gevent.pywsgi" title="gevent.pywsgi"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gevent.pywsgi</span></code></a> since gevent 1.0a1 (2011).</p></li> </ul> </section> </section> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="related-pages"> <a class="next-page" href="whatsnew_1_2.html"> <div class="page-info"> <div class="context"> <span>Next</span> </div> <div class="title">What’s new in gevent 1.2</div> </div> <svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg> </a> <a class="prev-page" href="whatsnew_1_4.html"> <svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg> <div class="page-info"> <div class="context"> <span>Previous</span> </div> <div class="title">What’s new in gevent 1.4</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="bottom-of-page"> <div class="left-details"> <div class="copyright"> Copyright © 2009-2023, gevent contributors </div> Made with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> and <a class="muted-link" href="https://pradyunsg.me">@pradyunsg</a>'s <a href="https://github.com/pradyunsg/furo">Furo</a> </div> <div class="right-details"> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <aside class="toc-drawer"> <div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll"> <div class="toc-title-container"> <span class="toc-title"> On this page </span> </div> <div class="toc-tree-container"> <div class="toc-tree"> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">What’s new in gevent 1.3</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#platform-support">Platform Support</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#greenlet-attributes">Greenlet Attributes</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#performance">Performance</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#better-behaved-callbacks">Better Behaved Callbacks</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#monitoring-and-debugging">Monitoring and Debugging</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-pure-python-dns-resolver">New Pure-Python DNS Resolver</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#api-additions">API Additions</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#library-updates">Library Updates</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#compatibility">Compatibility</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div><script src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=32fdf4fc"></script> <script src="_static/doctools.js?v=9bcbadda"></script> <script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=dc90522c"></script> <script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=5fa4622c"></script> </body> </html>