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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія зьмены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Месца, каб пра ўсё даведацца"><span>Дапамога</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпэдыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be_x_old.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="вольная энцыкляпэдыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be_x_old.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BA" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Шукаць у Вікіпэдыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Пошук у Вікіпэдыі" aria-label="Пошук у Вікіпэдыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Шукаць у Вікіпэдыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Спэцыяльныя:Пошук"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя прылады"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be-x-old.wikipedia.org&uselang=be-tarask" class=""><span>Ахвяраваньні</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мы прапануем вам стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсьці, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вас запрашаюць увайсьці, хаця гэта і неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсьці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Болей парамэтраў" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя прылады" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя прылады</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Карыстацкае мэню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be-x-old.wikipedia.org&uselang=be-tarask"><span>Ахвяраваньні</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мы прапануем вам стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсьці, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вас запрашаюць увайсьці, хаця гэта і неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсьці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для неаўтарызаваных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" aria-label="Даведайцеся пра рэдагаваньне болей"><span>даведацца болей</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Сьпіс рэдагаваньняў, зробленых з гэтага IP-адрасу [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Унёсак</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Старонка гутарак пра рэдагаваньні, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адрасу [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Гутаркі</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Партал</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Навука</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсьці да артыкула на іншай мове. Выбраць з: 101 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Wisseschaft" title="Portal:Wisseschaft — швайцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Portal:Wisseschaft" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швайцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%8D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8D%94%E1%8B%B2%E1%8B%AB:%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ውክፔዲያ:ሳይንስ — амгарская" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ውክፔዲያ:ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="выдатны партал"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوابة:علوم — арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:علوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ok%E1%BA%BDndusu:Tembikuaaty" title="Okẽndusu:Tembikuaaty — гуаранская" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Okẽndusu:Tembikuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуаранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Elm" title="Portal:Elm — азэрбайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Portal:Elm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азэрбайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%92%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="پوْرتال:علم — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پوْرتال:علم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="প্রবেশদ্বার:বিজ্ঞান — бэнгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবেশদ্বার:বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бэнгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Portal:Kho-ha̍k — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Portal:Kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Портал:Фән — башкірская" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Портал:Фән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Партал:Навука — беларуская" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Партал:Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Siyensya" title="Portal:Siyensya — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Portal:Siyensya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Наука — баўгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Портал:Наука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="баўгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Wissnschoft" title="Portal:Wissnschoft — баварская" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Portal:Wissnschoft" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="баварская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Portal:Ciència — каталёнская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Portal:Ciència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталёнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganghaan:Kaalamdag" title="Ganghaan:Kaalamdag — сэбуанская" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ganghaan:Kaalamdag" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="сэбуанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ungamo:Sainzi" title="Ungamo:Sainzi — шонская" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ungamo:Sainzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9:%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B5" title="قيسارية:صيونص — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قيسارية:صيونص" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Wissenschaft" title="Portal:Wissenschaft — нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Portal:Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%82%DE%AC%DE%83%DE%AA:%DE%90%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ނެރު:ސައިންސް — мальдыўская" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ނެރު:ސައިންސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="мальдыўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Loodusteadused" title="Portaal:Loodusteadused — эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Portaal:Loodusteadused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B7:%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Πύλη:Επιστήμη — грэцкая" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πύλη:Επιστήμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science — ангельская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Portal:Science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Ciencia" title="Portal:Ciencia — гішпанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portal:Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="гішпанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="выдатны партал"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87:%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4" title="درگاه:دانش — пэрсыдзкая" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درگاه:دانش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="пэрсыдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Sciences" title="Portail:Sciences — француская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Sciences" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema:Wittenskip" title="Tema:Wittenskip — заходняя фрыская" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tema:Wittenskip" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="заходняя фрыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science — кікуйю" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Portal:Science" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кікуйю" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="포털:과학 — карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포털:과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofa:Kimiyya" title="Kofa:Kimiyya — хауская" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kofa:Kimiyya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="प्रवेशद्वार:विज्ञान — гіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रवेशद्वार:विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="гіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="হমিলদুৱার:বিজ্ঞান — Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="হমিলদুৱার:বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Ilmu" title="Portal:Ilmu — інданэзійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданэзійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Scientia" title="Portal:Scientia — інтэрлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Portal:Scientia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Isayensi" title="Portal:Isayensi — зулуская" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Portal:Isayensi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1tt:Raunv%C3%ADsindi" title="Gátt:Raunvísindi — ісьляндзкая" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gátt:Raunvísindi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісьляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portale:Scienza_e_tecnica" title="Portale:Scienza e tecnica — італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portale:Scienza e tecnica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="абраны артыкул"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science — пампанганская" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Portal:Science" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанганская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="პორტალი:მეცნიერება — грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პორტალი:მეცნიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D2%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Портал:Ғылым — казаская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Портал:Ғылым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lango:Sayansi" title="Lango:Sayansi — суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lango:Sayansi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Zanist" title="Portal:Zanist — курдзкая" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Portal:Zanist" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C4%81ls:Zin%C4%81tne" title="Portāls:Zinātne — латыская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Portāls:Zinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:W%C3%ABssenschaft" title="Portal:Wëssenschaft — люксэмбурская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Portal:Wëssenschaft" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксэмбурская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Hukum" title="Portal:Hukum — ніаская" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Portal:Hukum" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="ніаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaol:Exakte_weitesjappe" title="Portaol:Exakte weitesjappe — лімбурская" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Portaol:Exakte weitesjappe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лімбурская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Наука — македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Портал:Наука" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوابة:علوم — эгіпецкая арабская" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوابة:علوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="эгіпецкая арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="ပါင်မုက်:သိပ္ပံ — Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ပါင်မုက်:သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Sains" title="Portal:Sains — малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Portal:Sains" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BC:%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бүлгэм:Шинжлэх ухаан — мангольская" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бүлгэм:Шинжлэх ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="мангольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%81%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D:%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="မုခ်ဝ:သိပ္ပံ — бірманская" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မုခ်ဝ:သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бірманская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Wetenschap_%26_Technologie" title="Portaal:Wetenschap & Technologie — нідэрляндзкая" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Portaal:Wetenschap & Technologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:自然科学 — японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Portal:自然科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2:%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ков:Ӏилма — чачэнская" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ков:Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чачэнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Vitenskap" title="Portal:Vitenskap — нарвэская (букмал)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Portal:Vitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвэская (букмал)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema:Vitskap" title="Tema:Vitskap — нарвэская (нюнашк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tema:Vitskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвэская (нюнашк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Sci%C3%A9ncias" title="Portal:Sciéncias — аксытанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Portal:Sciéncias" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксытанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2:%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ପୋର୍ଟାଲ:ବିଜ୍ଞାନ — орыянская" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପୋର୍ଟାଲ:ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="орыянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poortaalii:Saayinsii" title="Poortaalii:Saayinsii — аромская" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Poortaalii:Saayinsii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="аромская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Fan" title="Portal:Fan — узбэцкая" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Portal:Fan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4" title="ਫਾਟਕ:ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਅਤੇ ਗਣਿਤ — панджабская" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫਾਟਕ:ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਅਤੇ ਗਣਿਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A2:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3" title="بوآ:سائینس — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بوآ:سائینس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%87:%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%87" title="تانبه:پوهه — пуштунская" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تانبه:پوهه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пуштунская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Sienches" title="Portal:Sienches — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Portal:Sienches" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Wetenschop_un_Technik" title="Portal:Wetenschop un Technik — ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Portal:Wetenschop un Technik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="выдатны партал"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Portal:Ciência — партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portal:Ciência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pooz/We%C3%9F%C3%9Feschaaf_%26_Teschnigk" title="Wikipedia:Pooz/Weßßeschaaf & Teschnigk — кёльнская" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Wikipedia:Pooz/Weßßeschaaf & Teschnigk" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="кёльнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Portal:Știință — румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Portal:Știință" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punku_p%27anqa:_Yachay" title="Punku p'anqa: Yachay — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Punku p'anqa: Yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Наука — расейская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Портал:Наука" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="расейская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portoal:Wietenskup" title="Portoal:Wietenskup — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Portoal:Wietenskup" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Shkenc%C3%AB" title="Portal:Shkencë — альбанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Portal:Shkencë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="альбанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA:%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ද්වාරය:නවීන විද්‍යාව — сынгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්වාරය:නවීන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сынгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="باب:سائنس — сіндгская" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باب:سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="сіндгская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Znanost" title="Portal:Znanost — славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Portal:Znanost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Saynis" title="Portal:Saynis — самалійская" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Portal:Saynis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="самалійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="دەروازە:زانست — цэнтральнакурдзкая" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەروازە:زانست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teemasivu:Tiede" title="Teemasivu:Tiede — фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teemasivu:Tiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Naturvetenskap" title="Portal:Naturvetenskap — швэдзкая" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Portal:Naturvetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швэдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portada:Agham" title="Portada:Agham — Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Portada:Agham" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D:%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வலைவாசல்:அறிவியல் — тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வலைவாசல்:அறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggur:Timassanin" title="Aggur:Timassanin — ташэльхіцкая" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Aggur:Timassanin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташэльхіцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Портал:Фән — татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Портал:Фән" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B5%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0:Science" title="ၵိူၼ်ႇတူ:Science — шанская" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၵိူၼ်ႇတူ:Science" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="వేదిక:విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రము — тэлуская" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వేదిక:విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="สถานีย่อย:วิทยาศาสตร์ — тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สถานีย่อย:วิทยาศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Портал:Илм — таджыцкая" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Портал:Илм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Bilim" title="Portal:Bilim — турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Portal:Bilim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Наука — украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Портал:Наука" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="باب:سائنس — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="باب:سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84:%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D9%85" title="پورتال:بىلىم — уйгурская" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پورتال:بىلىم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%95ng_th%C3%B4ng_tin:Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Cổng thông tin:Khoa học — віетнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cổng thông tin:Khoa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="віетнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%80:%E7%B6%93" title="門:經 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="門:經" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunt:_Xarala" title="Bunt: Xarala — валофская" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bunt: Xarala" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="валофская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:科学 — ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Portal:科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science — тсонгаская" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Portal:Science" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="тсонгаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C:%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="פארטאל:וויסנשאפט — ідыш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פארטאל:וויסנשאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ідыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:科學 — кантонская" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Portal:科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Zan%C4%B1%C5%9Fiye" title="Portal:Zanışiye — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Portal:Zanışiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:科學 — кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Portal:科學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Elmu" title="Portal:Elmu — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Portal:Elmu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4541810#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Рэдагаваць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-партал" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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title="Рэдагаваць крынічны тэкст гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=history" title="Мінулыя вэрсіі гэтай старонкі. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструмэнты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Болей вопцыяў" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеяньні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сьпіс усіх старонак, якія спасылаюцца на гэтую [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Спасылкі на старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" rel="nofollow" title="Апошнія зьмены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Зьвязаныя рэдагаваньні</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Сьпіс усіх спэцыяльных старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Спэцыяльныя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&oldid=2177222" title="Сталая спасылка на гэтую вэрсію старонкі"><span>Сталая спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=info" title="Болей інфармацыі пра гэтую старонку"><span>Зьвесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe-tarask.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%3A%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe-tarask.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%3A%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%3A%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>Загрузіць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Вэрсія гэтай старонкі для друку [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Вэрсія для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4541810" title="Спасылка на аб’ект у рэпазыторыі зьвестак [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Аб’ект Вікізьвестак</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Зьвесткі зь Вікіпэдыі — вольнай энцыкляпэдыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr"><div id="shortcut" style="position:absolute; z-index:1; border:none; background:none; right:28px; top:0.3em; float:right; margin:0.0em; padding:0.0em; line-height:1.5em; text-align:right; text-indent:0; font-size:85%; text-transform:none; white-space:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вікіпэдыя:Праект:Навука (старонка не існуе)">Праект</a>  |  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Партал</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Вікіпэдыя:Скарачэньне">Скар.</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Партал:Н (старонка не існуе)">Партал:Н</a>) </div> <table style="background-color:#F2F7FF; border-top: 2px solid #AACCFF; border-left: 2px solid #AACCFF; border-right: 2px solid #AACCFF; border-bottom: 2px solid #AACCFF; padding-left:5px; padding-right:5px; padding-bottom:10px; padding-top:10px;" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Sciences_exactes.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sciences_exactes.svg/22px-Sciences_exactes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sciences_exactes.svg/33px-Sciences_exactes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sciences_exactes.svg/44px-Sciences_exactes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Навука</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:ScientificLinux-Logo.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/ScientificLinux-Logo.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="96" data-file-height="96" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Наву́ка</b> — сфэра чалавечай дзейнасьці, накіраваная на выпрацоўку й тэарэтычную сыстэматызацыю аб’ектыўных ведаў аб рэчаіснасьці. У старэйшым і вузкім значэньні, як то на думку Арыстотэля, навука ставіцца да дакладных ведаў пра сябе, што можна было бы лягічна й рацыянальна растлумачына, паколькі клясычная навука старажытнасьці была цесна зьвязана зь філязофіяй. Пачынаючы з XVII стагодзьдзя натурфілязофія, якую сёньня называюць натуральнай навукай, разглядаецца як асобная галіна ад філязофіі. Тым ня менш, слова «навука» працягвае выкарыстоўвацца ў шырокім сэнсе, які абазначае пэўнае веданьне аб тэме, гэтак жа яна да гэтага часу выкарыстоўваецца ў сучасных умовах. У вузкім сэнсе слова «навука» ўжывалася такімі навукоўцамі, як то Ёган Кеплер, Галілео Галілей і Ісак Ньютан, калі яны пачалі распрацоўку законаў прыроды. У гэты пэрыяд панятак з большага ставіўся да натуральнай філязофіі, як то натуральныя навукі. Цягам XIX стагодзьдзя, слова «навука» сталася ўсё больш зьвязанай з навуковым мэтадам, дысцыплінаваным падыходам да вывучэньня прыроднага сьвету, у тым ліку фізыкі, хіміі, геалёгіі й біялёгіі….:::::::::::::::: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука"><i>чытаць далей</i></a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div style="display:block;width:100%;float:left"> <div style="width:50%;display:block;float:left;"> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:FA_gold_ukr.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA_gold_ukr.png/22px-FA_gold_ukr.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA_gold_ukr.png/33px-FA_gold_ukr.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA_gold_ukr.png/44px-FA_gold_ukr.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="83" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Абраны артыкул</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Slavic_distribution_origin.png" class="mw-file-description" title="адзін з варыянтаў інтэрпрэтацыі прарадзімы славянаў"><img alt="адзін з варыянтаў інтэрпрэтацыі прарадзімы славянаў" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Slavic_distribution_origin.png/300px-Slavic_distribution_origin.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Slavic_distribution_origin.png/450px-Slavic_distribution_origin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Slavic_distribution_origin.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>адзін з варыянтаў інтэрпрэтацыі прарадзімы славянаў</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Праславя́нская мова</b> — рэканструяваная, пісьмова незасьведчаная прамова (мова-продак) усіх моваў славянскае галіны індаэўрапейскае сям’і моваў, якая прадстаўляла сабою славянскае маўленьне, існае ў пэрыяд V—ІХ стагодзьдзяў н.э.. Як у выпадку зь іншымі шматлікімі прамовамі, не існуе пісьмовых помнікаў мовы, сама мова аднаўляецца дзякуючы мэтадам параўнальна-гістарычнага мовазнаўства з прыцягненьнем вядомых славянскіх ды іншых індаэўрапейскіх моваў. Праславянская мова не зьяўлялася статычнай і зьмянялася ў часе, з прычыны чаго ейныя формы можна рэканструяваць розным чынам у залежнасьці ад абранага храналягічнага этапу. Імклівае разьвіцьцё мовы зьвязваецца з пашырэньнем арэалу ўжываньня мовы. Ужо ў пачатку гэтага пэрыяду мова стала зазнаваць працэс дыялектнай дыфэрэнцыяцыі, але асноўнае моўнае адзінства і ўзаемазразумеласьць сярод носьбітаў мовы захоўвалася да Х ст. або нават пазьней. У часы гэтага пэрыяду для праславянскае мовы быў уласьцівы шэраг гукавых зьменаў, часта раўнамерных па ўсім арэале мовы, што робіць мову нязручнай для яе вызначэньня ў якасьці традыцыйнай прамовы. Пэрыяд гэтых агульных дыялектных зьменаў у праславянскай мове ў заходняй лінгвістыцы вядомы як агульнаславя́нская…:::::::::::::::: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Праславянская мова"><i>чытаць далей</i></a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:P_Camera.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/P_Camera.png/22px-P_Camera.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/P_Camera.png/33px-P_Camera.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/P_Camera.png/44px-P_Camera.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Выявы</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <div align="center"> <table align="center" style="border-style:ridge; border-width:3px; border-color:#ffffff; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; margin-top:6px; margin-bottom:6px; border-radius:0px;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" valign="middle"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Multi-walled_nanotube_animation.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Multi-walled_nanotube_animation.gif" decoding="async" width="350" height="197" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="169" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" valign="top"> <td colspan="11"><div style="padding-bottom:3px; width:350px">мульты-трубкі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нанатэхналёгіі">нанатэхналёгіі</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Info_icon_001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Info_icon_001.svg/22px-Info_icon_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Info_icon_001.svg/33px-Info_icon_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Info_icon_001.svg/44px-Info_icon_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Артыкулы да напісаньня</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <p> <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/15px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/23px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/30px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <i>глядзіце таксама</i> → <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Вікіпэдыя:Накіды:Навука">Накіды:Навука</a></b><br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/15px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/23px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg/30px-Art%C3%ADculo_bueno-blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <i>глядзіце таксама</i> → <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%86%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Катэгорыя:Вікіпэдыя:Накіды:Навукоўцы (старонка не існуе)">Накіды:Навукоўцы</a></b><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/22px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/33px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/44px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Катэгорыі артыкулаў</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:85%"> <div style="float:center; clear:left; margin-left:1ex; border:0px solid gray; padding:1.7ex; background-color:#F0FFFF;" class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":0,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":true,"namespaces":false,"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука" data-ct-loaded="1" aria-expanded="true"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Навука">Навука</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 44 падкатэгорыі, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(44 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука_і_тэхніка_паводле_кантынэнтаў" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Катэгорыя:Навука і тэхніка паводле кантынэнтаў">Навука і тэхніка паводле кантынэнтаў</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 16 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(16 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука_і_тэхніка_паводле_краінаў" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Катэгорыя:Навука і тэхніка паводле краінаў">Навука і тэхніка паводле краінаў</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 59 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(59 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навукі_паводле_культурных_арэалаў" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Катэгорыя:Навукі паводле культурных арэалаў">Навукі паводле культурных арэалаў</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 6 падкатэгорыяў, 1 старонку і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(6 К, 1 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Вікіпэдыя:Накіды:Навука" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Вікіпэдыя:Накіды:Навука">Вікіпэдыя:Накіды:Навука</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 11 падкатэгорыяў, 15 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(11 К, 15 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_сьпісы" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя сьпісы">Навуковыя сьпісы</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 7 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(7 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Агульная тэорыя навукі">Агульная тэорыя навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 0 падкатэгорыяў, 3 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(3 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука_і_адукацыя" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Навука і адукацыя">Навука і адукацыя</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 11 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(11 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_арганізацыі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя арганізацыі">Навуковыя арганізацыі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 15 падкатэгорыяў, 4 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(15 К, 4 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Асобы_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Асобы навукі">Асобы навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 2 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(2 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Вымярэньне" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:Вымярэньне">Вымярэньне</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 22 падкатэгорыі, 4 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(22 К, 4 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Вынаходнікі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Вынаходнікі">Вынаходнікі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 7 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(7 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Гады_ў_навуцы" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%9E_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Гады ў навуцы">Гады ў навуцы</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 14 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(14 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Гісторыя_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Гісторыя навукі">Гісторыя навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 13 падкатэгорыяў, 5 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(13 К, 5 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Грамадзкія_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Грамадзкія навукі">Грамадзкія навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 29 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(29 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука_і_грамадзтва" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Навука і грамадзтва">Навука і грамадзтва</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 14 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(14 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Гуманітарныя_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Гуманітарныя навукі">Гуманітарныя навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 31 падкатэгорыю, 1 старонку і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(31 К, 1 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Дастасоўныя_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Дастасоўныя навукі">Дастасоўныя навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 27 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(27 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_дасьледаваньні" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя дасьледаваньні">Навуковыя дасьледаваньні</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 2 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(2 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_законы" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя законы">Навуковыя законы</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 2 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(2 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_збудаваньні" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя збудаваньні">Навуковыя збудаваньні</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 4 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(4 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_інструмэнты" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя інструмэнты">Навуковыя інструмэнты</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 1 падкатэгорыю, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(1 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_клясыфікацыі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя клясыфікацыі">Навуковыя клясыфікацыі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 7 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(7 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_кнігі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя кнігі">Навуковыя кнігі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 2 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(2 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковая_літаратура" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковая літаратура">Навуковая літаратура</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 3 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(3 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Міждысцыплінарныя_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Міждысцыплінарныя навукі">Міждысцыплінарныя навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 4 падкатэгорыі, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(4 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковы_мэтад" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковы мэтад">Навуковы мэтад</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 17 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(17 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Мэтралёгія" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Мэтралёгія">Мэтралёгія</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 1 падкатэгорыю, 12 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(1 К, 12 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навука_і_тэхніка" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Навука і тэхніка">Навука і тэхніка</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 4 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(4 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковая_супольнасьць" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковая супольнасьць">Навуковая супольнасьць</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 2 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(2 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навукоўцы" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навукоўцы">Навукоўцы</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 32 падкатэгорыі, 1 старонку і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(32 К, 1 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_праблемы" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя праблемы">Навуковыя праблемы</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 3 падкатэгорыі, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(3 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя прафэсіі">Навуковыя прафэсіі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 0 падкатэгорыяў, 1 старонку і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(1 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Псэўданавука" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Псэўданавука">Псэўданавука</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 9 падкатэгорыяў, 3 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(9 К, 3 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Разьдзелы_навук" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Катэгорыя:Разьдзелы навук">Разьдзелы навук</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 7 падкатэгорыяў, 1 старонку і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(7 К, 1 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Творы_пра_навуку" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Катэгорыя:Творы пра навуку">Творы пра навуку</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 6 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(6 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Тэорыі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Тэорыі">Тэорыі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 15 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(15 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Тэрміналёгія" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Тэрміналёгія">Тэрміналёгія</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 28 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(28 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковая_тэрміналёгія" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковая тэрміналёгія">Навуковая тэрміналёгія</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 5 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(5 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Тэхналёгіі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Тэхналёгіі">Тэхналёгіі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 37 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(37 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_ўзнагароды" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя ўзнагароды">Навуковыя ўзнагароды</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 9 падкатэгорыяў, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(9 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Філязофія_навукі" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Філязофія навукі">Філязофія навукі</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 17 падкатэгорыяў, 2 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(17 К, 2 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Навуковыя_фэномэны" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%84%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Навуковыя фэномэны">Навуковыя фэномэны</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 1 падкатэгорыю, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(1 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Храналёгія" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Храналёгія">Храналёгія</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 13 падкатэгорыяў, 4 старонкі і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(13 К, 4 С)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Катэгорыя_навуковых_праектаў" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Катэгорыя:Катэгорыя навуковых праектаў">Катэгорыя навуковых праектаў</a></bdi> <span title="утрымлівае 1 падкатэгорыю, 0 старонак і 0 файлаў" dir="ltr">(1 К)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div></div></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> </div> <div style="width:50%;display:block;float:right;"> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Dobra6.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dobra6.png/22px-Dobra6.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dobra6.png/33px-Dobra6.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Dobra6.png/44px-Dobra6.png 2x" data-file-width="56" data-file-height="56" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Добры артыкул</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png" class="mw-file-description" title="мапа распаўсюджаньня славянскіх моваў (чэская мова - карычневым колерам)"><img alt="мапа распаўсюджаньня славянскіх моваў (чэская мова - карычневым колерам)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png/300px-Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png/450px-Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png/600px-Slovanske_jazyky_cz.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="622" /></a><figcaption>мапа распаўсюджаньня славянскіх моваў (чэская мова - карычневым колерам)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Чэ́ская мо́ва</b> (па-чэску: čeština, český jazyk) — славянская мова індаэўрапейскай моўнай сям’і. Належыць да заходнеславянскай падгрупы. Вылучылася з заходніх дыялектаў праславянскай мовы напрыканцы X стагодзьдзя. Чэская літаратура паўстала ў XIV стагодзьдзі, хоць першыя помнікі чэскай пісьменнасьці датаваныя XII стагодзьдзем. Чэскай мовай карыстаюцца каля 11,5 мільёнаў чалавек, зь якіх прыблізна 10 млн. пражываюць у Чэхіі. Цягам апошніх 150 гадоў эмігранты розных хваляў і іхнія нашчадкі расьсяліліся ў Славаччыне, ЗША, Канадзе, Нямеччыне, Аўстрыі, Румыніі, Аўстраліі, Украіне і некаторых іншых краінах. Чэская мова, як і беларуская, належыць да фузыйных моваў, якія вызначаюцца складанай сыстэмай скланеньняў і спражэньняў. Правапіс ужывае рэфармаваную Янам Гусам лацінку. Найболей блізкія да чэскай славацкая, польская і сэрбалужыцкая мовы. З 1 траўня 2004 году чэская мова ўваходзіць у сьпіс афіцыйных моваў Эўразьвязу. Кадыфікацыяй пісьмовага стандарту мовы займаецца Інстытут чэскай мовы Акадэміі навук Чэхіі…:::::::::::::::: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Чэская мова"><i>чытаць далей</i></a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:PrirodneNauke.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/PrirodneNauke.png/22px-PrirodneNauke.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/PrirodneNauke.png/33px-PrirodneNauke.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/PrirodneNauke.png/44px-PrirodneNauke.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Выбітныя навукоўцы</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg/180px-Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg/270px-Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Georg_Simon_Ohm3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="337" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Георг Ом</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Георг Сыман Ом</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова">па-нямецку</a>: <i><span lang="de">Georg Simon Ohm</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/16_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="16 сакавіка">16 сакавіка</a> <a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789</a>, Эрлянген — <a href="/wiki/6_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="6 ліпеня">6 ліпеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1854" title="1854">1854</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Мюнхэн">Мюнхэн</a>) — знакаміты нямецкі фізык. У ягоны гонар названая адзінка вымярэньня супраціву <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC" title="Ом">Ом</a>. — Нарадзіўся у сям’і беднага сьлесара. Бацька яго, дастаткова разьвіты й адукаваны чалавек, зь дзяцінства прывучаў сына да фізыкі і матэматыкі і ў рэшце рэшт адправіў яго вучыцца ў гімназію. У 1806 г. Ом, скончыўшы курс у гімназіі, пачаў вывучаць матэматычныя навукі ў Эрлягенскім унівэрсытэце, але ўжо пасьля 3-х сэмэстраў кінуў унівэрсытэт і пачаў працаваць настаўнікам у Готштаце (Швайцарыя). У 1809 пакінуў Швайцарыю і, пераехаўшы ў Ноенбург, цалкам прысьвяціў сябе вывучэньню матэматыкі; у 1811 абараніў у Эрлянгене доктарскую дысэртацыю і з 1811 г. па 1813 г. ў якасьці прыват-дацэнта чытаў там жа лекцыі па матэматыцы…:::::::::::::::: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%9E%D0%BC" title="Георг Ом"><i>чытаць далей</i></a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Icon_tools.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Icon_tools.png/22px-Icon_tools.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Icon_tools.png/33px-Icon_tools.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Icon_tools.png/44px-Icon_tools.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Неабходныя шаблёны</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <p> <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Шаблён:Навуковец">Навуковец</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы пра навукоўца<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Удзельнік/Навука">Удзельнік/Навука</a>}}</span> — на асабістую старонку<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Навука">Накід:Навука</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды па навуцы.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Мэдыцына">Накід:Мэдыцына</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра мэдыцыну.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Шаблён:Накід:Хімія">Накід:Хімія</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра хімію.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Шаблён:Накід:Біялёгія">Накід:Біялёгія</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра біялёгію.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Шаблён:Накід:Біялёгія разьвіцьця">Накід:Біялёгія разьвіцьця</a>}}</span> — пра біялёгію разьвіцьця.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Батаніка">Накід:Батаніка</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра батаніку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Фізыка">Накід:Фізыка</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра фізыку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%AF%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Ядзерная фізыка">Накід:Ядзерная фізыка</a>}}</span> — у артыкулы-накіды пра ядзерную фізыку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Матэматыка">Накід:Матэматыка</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра матэматыку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Эканоміка">Накід:Эканоміка</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра эканоміку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Лінгвістыка">Накід:Лінгвістыка</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра лінгвістыку.<br />  <span style="text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: 0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/15px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/23px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg/30px-Symbol_redirect_vote_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></span> <span style="color:#9098A0; font-family:monospace, 'Courier'">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Накід:Мова">Накід:Мова</a>}}</span> — устаўляецца ў артыкулы-накіды пра мову.<br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> </div> </div> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:System-index-search.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/System-index-search.svg/22px-System-index-search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/System-index-search.svg/33px-System-index-search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/System-index-search.svg/44px-System-index-search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>У іншых праектах</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit">рэдагаваць</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:.5em; padding-right:.5em; background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-top:0; border-bottom:0"> <table class="noprint" align="center" style="clear:both; background: transparent; text-align:center; font-size:91%" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3" rules="none" border="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="n:Навука">Навука ў Вікінавінах</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="q:Навука">Навука ў Вікіцытатніку</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="b:Навука">Навука ў Вікіпадручніку</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Навука">Навука ў Вікікрыніцах</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="wikt:Катэгорыя:Навука">Навука ў Вікіслоўніку</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://be-x-old.wikiversity.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="v:Навука">Навука ў Віківэрсытэце</a></b>  </td> <td><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Навука">Навука ў Вікісховішчы</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Category:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Category:Навука">Навука ў Віківандроўках</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Навіны </td> <td>Цытаты </td> <td>Дапаможнікі </td> <td>Тэксты </td> <td>Вызначэньне </td> <td>Навучаньне </td> <td>Выявы </td> <td>Даведнікі </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="n:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/35px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/53px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/70px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="q:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/29px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/45px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/59px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="b:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/30px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/45px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="s:Special:Search/Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/45px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/60px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="wikt:Катэгорыя:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/30px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/45px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be-x-old.wikiversity.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="v:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/35px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/53px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/70px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="commons:Category:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/26px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/39px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/52px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Category:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="wikivoyage:Category:Навука"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/30px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/45px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="radius_bottom" style="background:#ECF5FF; height:8px; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-right:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:2px solid #ABCDEF"><div style="font-size:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pix.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="1" height="1" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:95%; text-align:left; padding:-2px; background:none" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" nowrap="nowrap" width="1%" height="37px" valign="top" style="background:#FFF; border:2px solid #ABCDEF; border-bottom:0; padding:0; padding-right:1em; margin:0; -moz-border-radius-topright:1em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Фон"><img alt="Фон" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Cartella_blu.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="37" /></span></span> <div style="margin-top:-31px; padding-left:12px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Science-symbol-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Science-symbol-2.svg/22px-Science-symbol-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Science-symbol-2.svg/33px-Science-symbol-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Science-symbol-2.svg/44px-Science-symbol-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="87" data-file-height="87" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-left:43px; margin-top:-px; font-size:130%"><b>Брацкія парталы</b></div> </td> <td height="10px"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlinks" valign="bottom" style="border-bottom:2px solid #ABCDEF; text-align:center"><div style="float:left; padding:0 .5em 0 .5em; -moz-border-radius-topright:5em; border:1px solid #ABCDEF; border-left:0; border-bottom:0; background:#ECF5FF; font-size:85%"> <a class="external text" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/P_mechanics_grey.png/120px-P_mechanics_grey.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></td> <td width="16.666666666667%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:P_math-blue.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/P_math-blue.png/60px-P_math-blue.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/P_math-blue.png 1.5x" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></td> <td width="16.666666666667%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:P_psychology.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/P_psychology.png/60px-P_psychology.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="59" class="mw-file-element" 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