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Breckinridge</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Breckinridge – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Clifton R. Breckinridge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%92%27" title="קליפטון ברקינרידג' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קליפטון ברקינרידג'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6,_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Брекинридж, Клифтон Роудс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брекинридж, Клифтон Роудс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifton_R._Breckinridge" title="Clifton R. 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Clifton Breckinridge</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:CRBreckinridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/CRBreckinridge.jpg/220px-CRBreckinridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/CRBreckinridge.jpg/330px-CRBreckinridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/CRBreckinridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="590" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Russia">United States Minister to Russia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 1, 1894 – December 10, 1897</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">Andrew White</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ethan_A._Hitchcock_(Interior)" title="Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)">Ethan Hitchcock</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 4, 1890 – August 14, 1894</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John M. Clayton (Arkansas politician)">John Clayton</a> (elect)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">John Little</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas02 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1885 – September 5, 1890<br /><a href="/wiki/Unseated_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Unseated members of the United States Congress">Unseated</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Kimbrough_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="James Kimbrough Jones">James Kimbrough Jones</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John M. Clayton (Arkansas politician)">John Clayton</a> (elect)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas02 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Constituency reestablished</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Constituency abolished</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="ArkansasAL !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's at-large congressional district">at-large district</a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Clifton Rodes Breckinridge</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1846-11-22</span>)</span>November 22, 1846<br /><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">December 3, 1932<span style="display:none">(1932-12-03)</span> (aged 86)<br /><a href="/wiki/Wendover_(Kentucky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wendover (Kentucky)">Wendover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Cemetery" title="Lexington Cemetery">Lexington Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Katherine Carson</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1876; died 1921)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Carson_Breckinridge" title="James Carson Breckinridge">James</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a> (father)<br /><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cyrene_Burch_Breckinridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Cyrene Burch Breckinridge">Mary Burch</a> (mother)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Breckinridge family</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington and Lee University</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/17px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/26px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/34px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate States Army</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg/23px-Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg/35px-Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg/46px-Naval_jack_of_the_Confederate_States_%281863%E2%80%931865%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Navy" title="Confederate States Navy">Confederate States Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Midshipman" title="Midshipman">Midshipman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Clifton Rodes Breckinridge</b> (November 22, 1846 – December 3, 1932) was a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> alderman, congressman, diplomat, businessman and veteran of the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Navy" title="Confederate States Navy">Navy</a>. He was a member of the prominent <a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Breckinridge family</a>, the son of <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General</a> <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a> and the great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General of the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Breckinridge_(U.S._Attorney_General)" title="John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General)">John Breckinridge</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born near <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>, the son of <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John Cabell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Cyrene_Burch_Breckinridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Cyrene Burch Breckinridge">Mary Cyrene Burch</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_political_families#The_Breckinridges" title="List of United States political families">Breckinridge</a>, Breckinridge attended rural schools in his hometown as a child. The Breckinridge family had by that time already established itself as a political dynasty. Clifton's grandfather, John Breckinridge, was President <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>’s attorney general, while Clifton's father would over the years hold several high-ranking government positions, including vice president of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>, 15-year old Clifton entered the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate Army</a> with his father and was later a <a href="/wiki/Midshipman" title="Midshipman">midshipman</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Navy" title="Confederate States Navy">Confederate Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war, he attended <a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Virginia" title="Lexington, Virginia">Lexington, Virginia</a>, for three years where the school's president, <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee" title="Robert E. Lee">Robert E. Lee</a>, encouraged his desire for a career of public service. Afterwards, he joined his older brother in a <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a> <a href="/wiki/Plantations_in_the_American_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantations in the American South">plantation</a> near <a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff, Arkansas</a>, and engaged in cotton planting and in the commission business for thirteen years. In 1876, Breckinridge married Katherine Carson, the daughter of a well-to-do <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> family, with whom he had four children.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Breckinridge started his political career when he was elected an alderman in the Pine Bluff City Council. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congress">Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was later elected a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> in 1882, taking seat in 1883. <a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">John G. Carlisle</a>, the new <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> and friend of the Breckinridges, saw to it that the new congressman got a place on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" title="United States House Committee on Ways and Means">Committee on Ways and Means</a>. He was reelected in 1884 and 1886. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clayton_Affair">Clayton Affair</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Clayton Affair"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Breckinridge's political career came into great danger after the election of 1888. <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> Democrats were found guilty of voting fraud in the election for <a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">Arkansas's 2nd congressional district</a> after it was discovered that in <a href="/wiki/Conway_County,_Arkansas" title="Conway County, Arkansas">Conway County, Arkansas</a>, four masked and armed <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a> men stormed into a predominantly <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">black</a> voting precinct and, at gunpoint, stole the ballot box that contained a large majority of votes for his <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> opponent, <a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John M. Clayton (Arkansas politician)">John M. Clayton</a>, the brother of former <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Governor">Arkansas Governor</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Powell_Clayton" title="Powell Clayton">Powell Clayton</a>. Under these circumstances, Clayton contested the election and went to <a href="/wiki/Plumerville,_Arkansas" title="Plumerville, Arkansas">Plumerville, Arkansas</a>, to start an investigation on the matter. However, on the evening of January 29, 1889, an unknown assailant shot through the window to the room he was staying in at a local boardinghouse and killed him instantly. After a congressional investigation, Clayton was declared the winner, thus unseating Breckinridge; however, owing to Clayton's death, the seat was declared vacant. Breckinridge was not found guilty in any wrongdoing in the rigged election or in Clayton's assassination and was elected to fill the vacant seat in 1890. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Work_in_Congress">Work in Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Work in Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Breckinridge was reelected to the House of Representatives again in 1890 and 1892. He was one of the authors of legislation to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Silver_Purchase_Act" title="Sherman Silver Purchase Act">Sherman Silver Purchase Act</a> and adopted the <a href="/wiki/Wilson%E2%80%93Gorman_Tariff_Act" title="Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act">Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act</a>. He regained trust after the so-called "Clayton Affair" and was greatly respected as a congressman. A featured article in <i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Weekly" title="Harper's Weekly">Harper's Weekly</a></i> described him as "one of the very first men in the House of Representatives." During the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1893" title="Panic of 1893">Panic of 1893-1894</a>, Breckinridge staunchly supported <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a>'s defense of the <a href="/wiki/Gold_standard" title="Gold standard">gold standard</a>. Arkansas farmers, most of whom supported <a href="/wiki/Free_silver" title="Free silver">free silver</a>, refused to support the incumbent for reelection and Breckinridge lost the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> primary to <a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">John S. Little</a> who went on to win the election. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diplomat">Diplomat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Diplomat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_to_Russia">Minister to Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Minister to Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg/170px-CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg/255px-CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg/340px-CRBreckinridge-Russia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Minister Clifton R. Breckinridge at the coronation of <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Nicholas II of Russia</a> in 1896 wearing court <a href="/wiki/Breeches" title="Breeches">knee breeches</a> in which he was uncomfortable.</figcaption></figure> <p>Breckinridge resigned from the House of Representatives in 1894 before his final term's expiration to accept President Cleveland's nomination as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Russia">Minister to Russia</a> where he served until 1897. As Minister, he proved capable of sending reports on <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> aims back to Washington, D.C. His warnings about the end of friendly relations between Russia and China due to Russia's expansion into China did not affect any change in the United States' <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">foreign policy</a> due to its then-prevailing isolationism. Because of this, Breckinridge largely dealt with routine problems of trade and immigration. He was less successful in handling the ceremonial and social aspects of diplomacy in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> as the expense of entertaining amidst the splendor of the aristocratic Russian capital was beyond his means. This was particularly true during the rich festivities that marked the coronation of <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Nicholas II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">Empress</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Feodorovna_(Alix_of_Hesse)" title="Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)">Alexandra Fyodorovna</a> in 1896. To his chagrin, at the coronation, Breckinridge had to wear ceremonial <a href="/wiki/Breeches" title="Breeches">knee breeches</a> required by protocol. Breckinridge feared his former constituents in <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> would never understand his elaborate attire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dawes_Commission">Dawes Commission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dawes Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a>, a former colleague of his from the House Ways and Means Committee, took office as President in 1897, McKinley replaced Breckinridge with <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Ethan_A._Hitchcock_(Interior)" title="Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)">Ethan Allen Hitchcock</a> and he returned to <a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff, Arkansas</a>. However, in 1900, McKinley appointed him to a position on the <a href="/wiki/Dawes_Commission" title="Dawes Commission">Dawes Commission</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Five_Civilized_Tribes" title="Five Civilized Tribes">Five Civilized Tribes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a>. Given the responsibility of distributing individual allotments of tribal land to the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a>, Breckinridge and other commissioners were charged with fraudulently acquiring <a href="/wiki/Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian American">Indian</a> lands in 1903. An investigation handled by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> cleared Breckinridge of illegal actions and he left the commission in 1905. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life_and_death">Later life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Later life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After resigning from the Dawes Commission, Breckinridge founded the Arkansas Valley Trust Company in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith, Arkansas</a>, which he served as president of until 1914. He was a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_convention_(political_meeting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional convention (political meeting)">Arkansas Constitutional Convention</a> from 1917 to 1918 where he convinced fellow delegates to approve a unicameral legislature, however the provision later rescinded. He was widowed in 1921 and lived in Fort Smith until 1925 when he moved to Hyden, Kentucky to live with his daughter, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary Breckinridge</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Frontier_Nursing_Service" title="Frontier Nursing Service">Frontier Nursing Service</a>. At first they lived in the first Midwife Clinic with the nurses while the big log cabin was being built in Wendover. Clifton looked after the horses for the first frontier nurses. </p><p>He died in Wendover on December 3, 1932, at age eighty-six. He was interred at <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Cemetery" title="Lexington Cemetery">Lexington Cemetery</a> among several members of his family including his wife and children. <a href="/wiki/C.R._Breckinridge_House" title="C.R. Breckinridge House">His Fort Smith house</a> is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Breckinridge family in the American Civil War">Breckinridge family in the American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Kentucky in the American Civil War">Kentucky in the American Civil War</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Barnes, Kenneth C. "Who Killed John M. Clayton? Political Violence in Conway County, Arkansas, in the 1880s." <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i> 52 (Winter 1993): 371–404.</li> <li>Bolin, James Duane. "Clifton Rodes Breckinridge: The Little Arkansas Giant." <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i> 53 (Winter 1994): 407–427.</li> <li>Breckinridge, Clifton Rodes. "Improvement of the Mississippi River." Washington: Government Printing Office, 1884.</li> <li>Breckinridge, Clifton Rodes. "Speech of Hon. Clifton R. Breckinridge, of Arkansas, in the House of Representatives, March 22, 1884." Washington: Government Printing Office, 1884.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Ledbetter,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Calvin Ledbetter, Jr.">Ledbetter, Calvin R.</a> "The Constitutional Convention of 1917–1918." <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i> 34 (Spring 1975): 3–40.</li> <li>Willis, James F. "An Arkansan in St. Petersburg: Clifton Rodes Breckinridge, Minister to Russia, 1894–1897." <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i> 38 (Spring 1979): 3–31.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJames_Willis" class="citation web cs1">James Willis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/clifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599/">"Biography of Clifton Rodes Breckinridge"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Arkansas</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Arkansas&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Clifton+Rodes+Breckinridge&rft.au=James+Willis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyclopediaofarkansas.net%2Fentries%2Fclifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClifton+R.+Breckinridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Willis" class="citation web cs1">James Willis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/clifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599/">"Biography of Clifton Rodes Breckinridge"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Arkansas</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Arkansas&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Clifton+Rodes+Breckinridge&rft.au=James+Willis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyclopediaofarkansas.net%2Fentries%2Fclifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClifton+R.+Breckinridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Willis" class="citation web cs1">James Willis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/clifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599/">"Biography of Clifton Rodes Breckinridge"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Arkansas</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Arkansas&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Clifton+Rodes+Breckinridge&rft.au=James+Willis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyclopediaofarkansas.net%2Fentries%2Fclifton-rodes-breckinridge-1599%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClifton+R.+Breckinridge" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressB000784" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000784">"Clifton R. Breckinridge (id: B000784)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Clifton+R.+Breckinridge+%28id%3A+B000784%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB000784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClifton+R.+Breckinridge" class="Z3988"></span> Retrieved on 2008-02-13</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=1599">Clifton R. Breckinridge at the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_R._Breckinridge&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630090551/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v012/v012p117.html">Clifton R. Breckinridge in the Chronicles of Oklahoma</a></li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Constituency reestablished </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Arkansas">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's at-large congressional district">Arkansas's at-large congressional district</a> </b><br />1883–1885 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Constituency abolished </b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Kimbrough_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="James Kimbrough Jones">James Kimbrough Jones</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Arkansas">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">Arkansas's 2nd congressional district</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Unseated_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Unseated members of the United States Congress">Unseated</a> </b><br />1885–1890 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John M. Clayton (Arkansas politician)">John Clayton</a><br />Elect</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John M. Clayton (Arkansas politician)">John Clayton</a><br />Elect</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Arkansas">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">Arkansas's 2nd congressional district</a> </b><br />1890–1894 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">John Little</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">Andrew White</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Russia">United States Minister to Russia</a> </b><br />1894–1897 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ethan_A._Hitchcock_(Interior)" title="Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)">Ethan Hitchcock</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_and_topics_related_to_Clifton_R._Breckinridge" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_and_topics_related_to_Clifton_R._Breckinridge" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles and topics related to Clifton R. Breckinridge</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Breckinridge_family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kentucky_Breckinridges" title="Template:Kentucky Breckinridges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kentucky_Breckinridges" title="Template talk:Kentucky Breckinridges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kentucky_Breckinridges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kentucky Breckinridges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Breckinridge_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Breckinridge family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Breckinridge" title="James Breckinridge">James Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breckinridge_(U.S._Attorney_General)" title="John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General)">John Breckinridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabell_Breckinridge" title="Cabell Breckinridge">Cabell Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Breckinridge" title="James D. Breckinridge">James Douglas Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jefferson_Breckinridge" title="Robert Jefferson Breckinridge">Robert Jefferson Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Breckinridge" title="William L. Breckinridge">William Lewis Breckinridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John Cabell Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cabell_Breckinridge_Sr." title="Joseph Cabell Breckinridge Sr.">Joseph Cabell Breckinridge Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jefferson_Breckinridge_Jr." title="Robert Jefferson Breckinridge Jr.">Robert Jefferson Breckinridge Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Campbell_Preston_Breckinridge" title="William Campbell Preston Breckinridge">William Campbell Preston Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Grayson" title="John B. Grayson">John Breckinridge Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_A._Porter_(colonel)" title="Peter A. Porter (colonel)">Peter A. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Breckinridge" title="Charles Henry Breckinridge">Charles Henry Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Breckinridge" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robert Breckinridge">John Robert Breckinridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fourth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clifton Rodes Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Witherspoon_Breckinridge" title="John Witherspoon Breckinridge">John Witherspoon Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desha_Breckinridge" title="Desha Breckinridge">Desha Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Skillman_Breckinridge" title="Henry Skillman Breckinridge">Henry Skillman Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeline_McDowell_Breckinridge" title="Madeline McDowell Breckinridge">Madeline McDowell Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Breckinridge" title="Scott Breckinridge">Scott Dudley Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophonisba_Breckinridge" title="Sophonisba Breckinridge">Sophonisba Preston Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_A._Porter" title="Peter A. Porter">Peter A. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._B._Warfield" title="B. B. Warfield">B. B. Warfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethelbert_Dudley_Warfield" title="Ethelbert Dudley Warfield">Ethelbert Dudley Warfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Irving_Handy" title="L. Irving Handy">L. Irving Handy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fifth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Carson_Breckinridge" title="James Carson Breckinridge">James Carson Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Breckinridge" title="John B. Breckinridge">John Bayne Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_Long" title="Breckinridge Long">Samuel Miller Breckinridge Long</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sixth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunny_Breckinridge" title="Bunny Breckinridge">John Cabell "Bunny" Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Breckinridge_Patterson" title="Marvin Breckinridge Patterson">Marvin Breckinridge Patterson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Arkansas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Arkansas" title="Template:United States representatives from Arkansas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_Arkansas" title="Template talk:United States representatives from Arkansas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Woodson_Bates" title="James Woodson Bates">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wharton_Conway" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Wharton Conway">Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Hundley_Sevier" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose Hundley Sevier">Sevier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's at-large congressional district">At-large</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Yell" title="Archibald Yell">Yell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Cross_(politician)" title="Edward Cross (politician)">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Yell" title="Archibald Yell">Yell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Willoughby_Newton" title="Thomas Willoughby Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ward_Johnson" title="Robert Ward Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Joseph_Hynes" title="William Joseph Hynes">Hynes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breckinridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas01 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_B._Greenwood" title="Alfred B. Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Hindman" title="Thomas C. Hindman">Hindman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_H._Roots" title="Logan H. Roots">Roots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Hanks" title="James M. Hanks">Hanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Hodges" title="Asa Hodges">Hodges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_C._Gause" title="Lucien C. Gause">Gause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poindexter_Dunn" title="Poindexter Dunn">Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Cate" title="William H. Cate">Cate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_P._Featherstone" title="Lewis P. Featherstone">Featherstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Cate" title="William H. Cate">Cate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_D._McCulloch_Jr." title="Philip D. McCulloch Jr.">McCulloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Macon" title="Robert B. Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_H._Caraway" title="Thaddeus H. Caraway">Caraway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Driver" title="William J. Driver">Driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_C._Gathings" title="Ezekiel C. Gathings">Gathings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vollie_Alexander_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Vollie Alexander Jr.">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Lincoln" title="Blanche Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Berry" title="Marion Berry">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Crawford_(politician)" title="Rick Crawford (politician)">Crawford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas02 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Warren" title="Edward A. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rust" title="Albert Rust">Rust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Warren" title="Edward A. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rust" title="Albert Rust">Rust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Hinds" title="James M. Hinds">Hinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Elliott" title="James T. Elliott">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_A._C._Rogers" title="Anthony A. C. Rogers">A. A. C. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_P._Snyder" title="Oliver P. Snyder">O. P. Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Slemons" title="William F. Slemons">Slemons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Jones" title="James K. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brundidge_Jr." title="Stephen Brundidge Jr.">Brundidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Allan_Oldfield" class="mw-redirect" title="William Allan Oldfield">W. Oldfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_P._Oldfield" title="Pearl P. Oldfield">P. Oldfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Miller" title="John E. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Mills" title="Wilbur Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bethune" title="Ed Bethune">Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_F._Robinson" title="Tommy F. Robinson">T. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Thornton" title="Ray Thornton">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Snyder" title="Vic Snyder">V. Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Griffin" title="Tim Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Hill_(politician)" title="French Hill (politician)">Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas03 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Boles" title="Thomas Boles">Boles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John Edwards (Arkansas politician)">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Boles" title="Thomas Boles">Boles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Wilshire" title="William W. Wilshire">Wilshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Gunter" title="Thomas M. Gunter">Gunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Wilshire" title="William W. Wilshire">Wilshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_E._Cravens" title="Jordan E. Cravens">J. Cravens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Rogers" title="John Henry Rogers">J. H. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chipman_McRae" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Chipman McRae">McRae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_A._Dinsmore" title="Hugh A. Dinsmore">Dinsmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Floyd" title="John C. Floyd">Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._Tillman" title="John N. Tillman">Tillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_A._Fuller" title="Claude A. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_T._Ellis" title="Clyde T. Ellis">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">Fulbright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Trimble" title="James William Trimble">Trimble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Hammerschmidt" title="John Paul Hammerschmidt">Hammerschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Hutchinson" title="Tim Hutchinson">T. Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Hutchinson" title="Asa Hutchinson">A. Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Womack" title="Steve Womack">Womack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas04 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 4th congressional district">4th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Gunter" title="Thomas M. Gunter">Gunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._Peel" title="Samuel W. Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Rogers" title="John Henry Rogers">J. H. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Terry" title="William L. Terry">W. Terry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Reid" title="Charles C. Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Cravens" title="William B. Cravens">W. B. Cravens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Wingo" title="Otis Wingo">O. Wingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effiegene_Wingo" title="Effiegene Wingo">E. Wingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Cravens" title="William B. Cravens">W. B. Cravens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fadjo_Cravens" title="William Fadjo Cravens">W. F. Cravens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_Anderson_Tackett" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyd Anderson Tackett">Tackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Harris" title="Oren Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Thornton" title="Ray Thornton">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl_Anthony_Jr." title="Beryl Anthony Jr.">Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Dickey" title="Jay Dickey">Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ross_(politician)" title="Mike Ross (politician)">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Westerman" title="Bruce Westerman">Westerman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas05 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 5th congressional district">5th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._Peel" title="Samuel W. Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_A._Dinsmore" title="Hugh A. Dinsmore">Dinsmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Reid" title="Charles C. Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_M._Jacoway" title="Henderson M. Jacoway">Jacoway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartsill_Ragon" title="Heartsill Ragon">Ragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_D._Terry" title="David D. Terry">D. Terry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Hays" title="Brooks Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Alford" title="Dale Alford">Alford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas06 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 6th congressional district">6th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Neill_(American_politician)" title="Robert Neill (American politician)">Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brundidge_Jr." title="Stephen Brundidge Jr.">Brundidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">J. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Taylor" title="Samuel M. Taylor">S. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_W._Taylor" title="Chester W. Taylor">C. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_E._Sawyer" title="Lewis E. Sawyer">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Reed" title="James B. Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Delano_Glover" class="mw-redirect" title="David Delano Glover">Glover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._McClellan" title="John L. McClellan">McClellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Norrell" title="William F. Norrell">W. Norrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Dorris_Norrell" title="Catherine Dorris Norrell">C. Norrell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><span data-sort-value="Arkansas07 !"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 7th congressional district">7th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Wallace" title="Robert M. Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Goodwin" title="William S. Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Bacon_Parks" class="mw-redirect" title="Tilman Bacon Parks">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_H._Kitchens" title="Wade H. Kitchens">Kitchens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Harris" title="Oren Harris">Harris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Ambassadors_to_Russia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Ambassadors_to_Russia" title="Template:US Ambassadors to Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Ambassadors_to_Russia" title="Template talk:US Ambassadors to Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Ambassadors_to_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Ambassadors to Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Ambassadors_to_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Russia" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Russia">United States Ambassadors to Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire"><img alt="Russian Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a><br /> (1780–1917)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dana" title="Francis Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney" title="William Pinkney">Pinkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Campbell" title="George W. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Middleton_(governor)" title="Henry Middleton (governor)">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_of_Roanoke" title="John Randolph of Roanoke">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(American_politician)" title="William Wilkins (American politician)">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_Clay" title="John Randolph Clay">J. Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_C._Cambreleng" title="Churchill C. Cambreleng">Cambreleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stewart_Todd" title="Charles Stewart Todd">Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Isaacs_Ingersoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Isaacs Ingersoll">Ingersoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Bagby" title="Arthur P. Bagby">Bagby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neill_S._Brown" title="Neill S. Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Seymour" title="Thomas H. Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Wilkinson_Pickens" title="Francis Wilkinson Pickens">Pickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Appleton" title="John Appleton">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_(politician)" title="Cassius Marcellus Clay (politician)">C. Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_(politician)" title="Cassius Marcellus Clay (politician)">C. Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gregg_Curtin" title="Andrew Gregg Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lawrence_Orr" title="James Lawrence Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Jewell" title="Marshall Jewell">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_Boker" title="George Henry Boker">Boker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_W._Stoughton" title="Edwin W. Stoughton">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Foster" title="John W. Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hunt" title="William H. Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Taft" title="Alphonso Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V._N._Lothrop" title="George V. N. Lothrop">Lothrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_Tree" title="Lambert Tree">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Emory_Smith" title="Charles Emory Smith">C. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">White</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethan_A._Hitchcock_(Interior)" title="Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_Tower_Jr." title="Charlemagne Tower Jr.">Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sanderson_McCormick" title="Robert Sanderson McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_von_Lengerke_Meyer" title="George von Lengerke Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Riddle" title="John W. Riddle">Riddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Woodville_Rockhill" title="William Woodville Rockhill">Rockhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Guild_Jr." title="Curtis Guild Jr.">Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_T._Marye_Jr." title="George T. Marye Jr.">Marye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Francis" title="David R. Francis">Francis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a><br /> (1933–1991)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Christian_Bullitt_Jr." title="William Christian Bullitt Jr.">Bullitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Davies" title="Joseph E. Davies">Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Steinhardt" title="Laurence Steinhardt">Steinhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harrison_Standley" title="William Harrison Standley">Standley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Averell_Harriman" title="W. Averell Harriman">Harriman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Bedell_Smith" title="Walter Bedell Smith">W. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Goodrich_Kirk" title="Alan Goodrich Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Kennan" title="George F. Kennan">Kennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Bohlen" title="Charles E. Bohlen">Bohlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llewellyn_Thompson" title="Llewellyn Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foy_D._Kohler" title="Foy D. Kohler">Kohler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llewellyn_Thompson" title="Llewellyn Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_D._Beam" title="Jacob D. Beam">Beam</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Dubs" title="Adolph Dubs">Dubs</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_J._Stoessel_Jr." title="Walter J. Stoessel Jr.">Stoessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Toon" title="Malcolm Toon">Toon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Watson_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Watson Jr.">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_A._Hartman" title="Arthur A. Hartman">Hartman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_F._Matlock_Jr." title="Jack F. Matlock Jr.">Matlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Strauss" title="Robert S. Strauss">Strauss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a><br /> (1991–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Strauss" title="Robert S. Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Pickering" title="Thomas R. Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Franklin_Collins" title="James Franklin Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vershbow" title="Alexander Vershbow">Vershbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Burns_(diplomat)" title="William J. Burns (diplomat)">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Beyrle" title="John Beyrle">Beyrle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McFaul" title="Michael McFaul">McFaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Tefft" title="John F. Tefft">Tefft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Huntsman_Jr." title="Jon Huntsman Jr.">Huntsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Sullivan_(diplomat)" title="John J. Sullivan (diplomat)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_M._Tracy" title="Lynne M. Tracy">Tracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1101387#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1101387#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1101387#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000046344176">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38123626">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/382955/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJymxdrxWHqgj68JPBWbh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134017455">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n96107617">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000784">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6s20cjc">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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