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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-內部結構" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#內部結構"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>內部結構</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-內部結構-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-古稱" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古稱"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>古稱</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古稱-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目錄" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="開/收內容一覽" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">開/收內容一覽</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">金星</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="去睇另一種語文嘅文章。有249種語言版本。" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-249" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">249種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(Planet)" title="Venus (Planet) – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Venus (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%98%E1%88%83%E1%88%AB" title="ዘሃራ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዘሃራ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frig_(tungol)" title="Frig (tungol) – 古英文" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Frig (tungol)" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 奧博洛文" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奧博洛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शुक्र – 昂加文" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="शुक्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="الزهرة – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الزهرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3_(%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8)" title="ڤينوس (كوكب) – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ڤينوس (كوكب)" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فينوس – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فينوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="শুক্ৰ গ্ৰহ – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শুক্ৰ গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="शुक्र ग्रह – 阿瓦文" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="शुक्र ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_(planet)" title="Venera (planet) – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Venera (planet)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A4%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87" title="زؤهره – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="زؤهره" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сулпан – 巴什客爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сулпан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什客爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nus" title="Vénus – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Vénus" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(Planet)" title="Venus (Planet) – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Venus (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au%C5%A1ruos_%C5%BEvaizdie" title="Aušruos žvaizdie – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Aušruos žvaizdie" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makakadanlag" title="Makakadanlag – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Makakadanlag" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Вэнэра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вэнэра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorah" title="Jorah – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jorah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95_(%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9)" title="शुक (ग्रह) – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="शुक (ग्रह)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="শুক্র গ্রহ – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শুক্র গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="པ་སངས། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པ་སངས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwener_(planedenn)" title="Gwener (planedenn) – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwener (planedenn)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3)" title="Баасан (гараг) – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Баасан (гараг)" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 加泰羅尼亞文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰羅尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%ADng-s%C4%ADng" title="Gĭng-sĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gĭng-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 車臣文" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="車臣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benus" title="Benus – 宿霧文" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Benus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿霧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%A5%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%B5" title="ᎠᎾᏥᏍᏓᏂᎵ – 柴羅基文" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎾᏥᏍᏓᏂᎵ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="柴羅基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%86%D8%B3" title="ڤینۆس – 索拉尼庫爾德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤینۆس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="索拉尼庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 科西嘉文" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Archives/%E1%90%8B%E1%90%A7%E1%93%AD_%E1%90%8A%E1%91%96%E1%95%81" title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᐋᐧᓭ ᐊᑖᕁ – 克裡文" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᐋᐧᓭ ᐊᑖᕁ" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="克裡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87olpan" title="Çolpan – 克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Çolpan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venu%C5%A1e_(planeta)" title="Venuše (planeta) – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Venuše (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenus" title="Wenus – 卡舒布文" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wenus" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Дьньница – 宗教斯拉夫文" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Дьньница" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="宗教斯拉夫文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwener_(planed)" title="Gwener (planed) – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwener (planed)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planet)" title="Venus (planet) – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Venus (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C9%9B%C5%8Bmariga" title="Biɛŋmariga – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Biɛŋmariga" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(Planet)" title="Venus (Planet) – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Venus (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a href="https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyenkyo%C9%94laa" title="Kyenkyoɔlaa – Dagaare" lang="dga" hreflang="dga" data-title="Kyenkyoɔlaa" data-language-autonym="Dagaare" data-language-local-name="Dagaare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagaare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cier" title="Cier – 丁卡文" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Cier" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenus_(planet)" title="Wenus (planet) – 下索布文" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wenus (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="शुक्रग्रह – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="शुक्रग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%86%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7_(%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82)" title="Αφροδίτη (πλανήτης) – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αφροδίτη (πλανήτης)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8ner_(astronom%C3%A9ia)" title="Vèner (astronoméia) – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Vèner (astronoméia)" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venuso_(planedo)" title="Venuso (planedo) – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Venuso (planedo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veenus" title="Veenus – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veenus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Artizarra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venu_(praneta)" title="Venu (praneta) – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Venu (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87" title="زهره – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زهره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veen%C3%BCs" title="Veenüs – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Veenüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 斐濟文" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐濟文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 法羅文" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nus_(plan%C3%A8te)" title="Vénus (planète) – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vénus (planète)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8nus_(plan%C3%A8ta)" title="Vènus (planèta) – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Vènus (planèta)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenus" title="Fenus – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Fenus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenus_(planeet)" title="Fenus (planeet) – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fenus (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9ineas_(pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad)" title="Véineas (pláinéad) – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Véineas (pláinéad)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kervank%C4%B1ran" title="Kervankıran – 加告茲文" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Kervankıran" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告茲文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星 – 贛語" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="金星" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nis_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Vénis (planèt) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Vénis (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_R%C3%ACbhinn_(planaid)" title="An Rìbhinn (planaid) – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Rìbhinn (planaid)" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 加里西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7" title="رۊجا – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="رۊجا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbyja_Ko%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Mbyja Ko'ẽ – 瓜拉尼文" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mbyja Ko'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शुक्र – 孔卡尼文" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="शुक्र" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="孔卡尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0_(%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9)" title="શુક્ર (ગ્રહ) – 古吉拉特文" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="શુક્ર (ગ્રહ)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCli%27wai" title="Jüli'wai – 瓦尤文" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Jüli'wai" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="瓦尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlag" title="Badlag – 曼島文" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Badlag" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="曼島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%AEm-s%C3%AAn" title="Kîm-sên – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kîm-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABloa" title="Hōkūloa – 夏威夷文" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōkūloa" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%92%D7%94" title="נוגה – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נוגה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शुक्र – 北印度文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शुक्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="北印度文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhrgrah" title="Sukhrgrah – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sukhrgrah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenus" title="Wenus – 上索布文" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wenus" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venis_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Venis (planèt) – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Venis (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nusz" title="Vénusz – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vénusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1_(%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Վեներա (մոլորակ) – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վեներա (մոլորակ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF_(%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Արուսեակ (մոլորակ) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արուսեակ (մոլորակ)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planete)" title="Venus (planete) – 國際文（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Venus (planete)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="國際文（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvlu%C4%A1iaqpak" title="Uvluġiaqpak – 依奴皮維克文" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uvluġiaqpak" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="依奴皮維克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benus" title="Benus – 伊洛闊文" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Benus" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛闊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 印古什文" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venuso" title="Venuso – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Venuso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(reikistjarna)" title="Venus (reikistjarna) – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Venus (reikistjarna)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venere_(astronomia)" title="Venere (astronomia) – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Venere (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%95%96%E1%93%84%E1%94%85" title="ᕖᓄᔅ – 因紐特文" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᕖᓄᔅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="因紐特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="金星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viinos" title="Viinos – 牙買加克裏奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Viinos" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克裏奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/venus" title="venus – 邏輯文" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="venus" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="邏輯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ვენერა – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვენერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 卡拉卡爾帕克文" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡爾帕克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatrit_(amtiweg)" title="Tatrit (amtiweg) – 卡比爾文" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tatrit (amtiweg)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡比爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feniis%C9%A9" title="Feniisɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Feniisɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1na%CC%B1ndan" title="A̱na̱ndan – 卡塔布文" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱na̱ndan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%27anda" title="Ng'anda – 剛果文" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ng'anda" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="剛果文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venasi" title="Venasi – 吉庫尤文" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Venasi" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉庫尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Шолпан (ғаламшар) – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шолпан (ғаламшар)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="ភពសុក្រ – 高棉文" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភពសុក្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಶುಕ್ರ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶುಕ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%88%EC%84%B1" title="금성 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="금성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 卡拉柴-包爾卡爾文" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉柴-包爾卡爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%86%DA%A9%D9%8F%D8%B1" title="شۆکُر – 喀什米爾文" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="شۆکُر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="喀什米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veenu%C3%9F_(Planneet)" title="Veenuß (Planneet) – 科隆文" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Veenuß (Planneet)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelaw%C3%AAj_(gerst%C3%AArk)" title="Gelawêj (gerstêrk) – 庫爾德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gelawêj (gerstêrk)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 科米文" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwener_(planet)" title="Gwener (planet) – 康瓦耳文" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gwener (planet)" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康瓦耳文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Чолпон – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чолпон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta) – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Venus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(Plan%C3%A9it)" title="Venus (Planéit) – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Venus (Planéit)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 列茲干文" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列茲干文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeet)" title="Venus (planeet) – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Venus (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venere_(astronomia)" title="Venere (astronomia) – 利古里亞文" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Venere (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vener_(pianeta)" title="Vener (pianeta) – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vener (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokw%C9%9Bt%C9%9B" title="Mokwɛtɛ – 林加拉文" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mokwɛtɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%81" title="ດາວສຸກ – 寮文" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາວສຸກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="寮文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_(planeta)" title="Venera (planeta) – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Venera (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_(plan%C4%93ta)" title="Venera (planēta) – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Venera (planēta)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Циле – 莫克沙文" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Циле" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venosy_(planeta)" title="Venosy (planeta) – 馬拉加什文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Venosy (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬拉加什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D3%B1%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Чолгашӱдыр – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Чолгашӱдыр" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 米南卡堡文" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南卡堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%BB" title="ശുക്രൻ – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശുക്രൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сугар – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сугар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2_%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯏꯂꯥꯢ ꯊꯄꯤ – 曼尼普裡文" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯂꯥꯢ ꯊꯄꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普裡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="शुक्र ग्रह – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शुक्र ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuhrah" title="Zuhrah – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zuhrah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venere_(pjaneta)" title="Venere (pjaneta) – 馬爾他文" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Venere (pjaneta)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="馬爾他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9nus" title="Bénus – 米蘭德斯文" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bénus" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米蘭德斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="သောကြာဂြိုဟ် – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သောကြာဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7" title="روجا – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="روجا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citlalpol" title="Citlalpol – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Citlalpol" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venere" title="Venere – 拿波里文" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Venere" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="拿波里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(Planet)" title="Venus (Planet) – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Venus (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeet)" title="Venus (planeet) – 低地薩克遜文" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Venus (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低地薩克遜文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="शुक्रग्रह – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="शुक्रग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81" title="लुँनगु – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लुँनगु" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planeet)" title="Venus (planeet) – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Venus (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeten_Venus" title="Planeten Venus – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planeten Venus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planete)" title="Venus (planete) – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Venus (planete)" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9B%DF%8C%DF%B0%DF%9F%DF%8F%DF%9F%DF%8F" title="ߛߌ߰ߟߏߟߏ – 曼德文字 (N’Ko)" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߛߌ߰ߟߏߟߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="曼德文字 (N’Ko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biinis" title="Biinis – 納瓦霍文" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Biinis" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="納瓦霍文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nthand%C3%A1" title="Nthandá – 尼揚賈文" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Nthandá" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="尼揚賈文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8nus_(planeta)" title="Vènus (planeta) – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vènus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakkalcha" title="Bakkalcha – 奧羅莫文" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Bakkalcha" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奧羅莫文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B6%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0" title="ଶୁକ୍ର – 歐利亞文" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଶୁକ୍ର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="歐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%C3%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бонвæрнон – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бонвæрнон" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0_(%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF)" title="ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ) – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulundagis" title="Sulundagis – 潘帕嘉文" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Sulundagis" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="潘帕嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 尼日利亞皮欽語" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="尼日利亞皮欽語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenus" title="Wenus – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wenus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nere" title="Vénere – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Vénere" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3_(%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7)" title="وینس (سیارا) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وینس (سیارا)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87" title="زهره – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="زهره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9nus_(planeta)" title="Vénus (planeta) – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vénus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%27aska" title="Ch'aska – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ch'aska" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planet)" title="Venus (planet) – 羅曼斯文" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Venus (planet)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="羅曼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shukor" title="Shukor – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Shukor" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 羅馬尼亞語系" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞語系" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umubumbe_wa_Venus" title="Umubumbe wa Venus – 盧安達文" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umubumbe wa Venus" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="盧安達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="शुक्रः – 梵文" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="शुक्रः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8D%D2%A5%D1%8D" title="Дьэллэҥэ – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьэллэҥэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – 散塔利文" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="散塔利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8nere_(praneta)" title="Vènere (praneta) – 撒丁文" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Vènere (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="撒丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8niri_(pianeta)" title="Vèniri (pianeta) – 西西里文" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vèniri (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3" title="وينس – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وينس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 北方薩米文" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方薩米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_(planeta)" title="Venera (planeta) – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Venera (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ama%E1%B8%8Dan" title="Amaḍan – 希爾哈文" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Amaḍan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希爾哈文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%80" title="සිකුරු ග්‍රහලොව – 僧伽羅文" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිකුරු ග්‍රහලොව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venu%C5%A1a" title="Venuša – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Venuša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 伊納裡薩米文" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊納裡薩米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hweva" title="Hweva – 塞內加爾文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Hweva" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="塞內加爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxaraxir" title="Waxaraxir – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Waxaraxir" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venusi" title="Venusi – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Venusi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juhara" title="Juhara – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Juhara" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuhura" title="Zuhura – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Zuhura" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wynus" title="Wynus – 西利西亞文" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wynus" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF_(%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D)" title="வெள்ளி (கோள்) – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வெள்ளி (கோள்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="శుక్రుడు – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శుక్రుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Зуҳра – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Зуҳра" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ดาวศุกร์ – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวศุกร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenera" title="Wenera – 土庫曼文" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Wenera" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土庫曼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benus_(planeta)" title="Benus (planeta) – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Benus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera" title="Venera – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Venera" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%BCs" title="Venüs – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Venüs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Чулпан (планета) – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чулпан (планета)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%B9rua" title="Taùrua – 大溪地文" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Taùrua" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="大溪地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шолбан – 土凡文" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Шолбан" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="土凡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Венера – 沃蒂艾克文" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Венера" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="沃蒂艾克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%DB%90%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ۋېنېرا – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋېنېرا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Венера (планета) – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Венера (планета)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%81" title="زہرہ – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زہرہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_(sayyora)" title="Venera (sayyora) – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Venera (sayyora)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8nere_(astronomia)" title="Vènere (astronomia) – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Vènere (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vener" title="Vener – 維普森文" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vener" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="維普森文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sao_Kim" title="Sao Kim – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sao Kim" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planete)" title="Venus (planete) – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Venus (planete)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venud" title="Venud – 沃拉普克文" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Venud" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitoele_do_bierdj%C3%AE" title="Sitoele do bierdjî – 瓦隆文" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sitoele do bierdjî" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" title="Venus – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Venus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weenus" title="Weenus – 沃洛夫文" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Weenus" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="金星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Венера һариг – 卡爾梅克文" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Венера һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡爾梅克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IVenus" title="IVenus – 科薩文" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IVenus" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科薩文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90)" title="ვენერა (პლანეტა) – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვენერა (პლანეტა)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A1" title="ווענוס – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ווענוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80g%C3%B9%C3%A0l%C3%A0" title="Àgùàlà – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àgùàlà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqhaemh" title="Ndaundeiqhaemh – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqhaemh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(planete)" title="Venus (planete) – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Venus (planete)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B9%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F" title="ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ – 標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="金星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BD" title="太白 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="太白" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="Kim-chheⁿ – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kim-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNokhwezi" title="UNokhwezi – 祖魯文" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UNokhwezi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖魯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q313#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="改跨語言拎" class="wbc-editpage">改拎</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="空間名"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="睇吓內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>文章</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" rel="discussion" title="關於內容頁嘅討論[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="改語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">粵語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="外觀"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit" title="改呢版嘅代碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>改</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=history" title="呢一頁之前嘅修訂[h]" accesskey="h"><span>睇返紀錄</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="架撐" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">架撐</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">架撐</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">收埋</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="多啲選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 動作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit" title="改呢版嘅代碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>改</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=history"><span>睇返紀錄</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 基本 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%82%8A%E5%BA%A6%E9%8F%88%E5%8E%BB%E5%91%A2%E7%89%88/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="列出所有連接過嚟呢度嘅頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>有乜連過嚟</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E5%A4%96%E9%8F%88%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" rel="nofollow" title="由呢版連出去嘅版嘅最近修改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>連結頁嘅更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E8%BC%89" title="上載檔案[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上載檔案</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E5%B0%88%E9%96%80%E7%89%88" title="所有專門版一覽[q]" accesskey="q"><span>專門版</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&oldid=2173217" title="呢版呢個修訂嘅永久網址"><span>固定連結</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=info" title="多啲同呢版有拏褦嘅資料"><span>此版明細</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&id=2173217&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="點樣引用呢頁嘅資訊"><span>引用呢篇文</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2587%2591%25E6%2598%259F"><span>攞短網址</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2587%2591%25E6%2598%259F"><span>下載QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/匯出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=show-download-screen"><span>下載PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="呢一版印得嘅版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>印得嘅版本</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 第啲維基項目 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Venus" hreflang="en"><span>維基同享</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q313" title="連到接住資料儲存庫嘅項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>維基數據項</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="閱讀設定"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">閱讀設定</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">收埋</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="yue" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%90%9E%E6%B8%85%E6%A5%9A" title="Wikipedia:搞清楚"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>  <small>呢篇文講八大行星之一。</small><small>想搵第二個意思嘅話，請睇<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F_(%E6%90%9E%E6%B8%85%E6%A5%9A)" class="mw-disambig" title="金星 (搞清楚)">金星 (搞清楚)</a></b></small><small>。</small></div> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption class="fn org">金星 <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venus_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="金星嘅天文學符號"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Venus_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="金星外觀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg/450px-PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg/600px-PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1096" data-file-height="1096" /></a></span><div>金星外觀</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">編號</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">發音</th><td style=""><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E5%98%85%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E8%AE%80%E9%9F%B3" title="Help:英文嘅國際音標讀音">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span><small class="nowrap metadata"> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Venus.ogg" title="File:En-us-Venus.ogg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/13px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/20px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/26px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/En-us-Venus.ogg" class="internal" title="En-us-Venus.ogg">聽</a>)</small></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" title="軌道">軌道參數</a><sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%86%E5%85%83" title="曆元">曆元</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=J2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J2000 (無呢版)">J2000</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">遠日點</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>108,939,000<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="公里">km</a></li> <li>0.728213 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="天文單位">AU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">近日點</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>107,477,000km</li> <li>0.718440 AU</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%95%B7%E8%BB%B8" title="半長軸">半長軸</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>108,208,000km</li> <li>0.723327AU</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E7%8E%87" title="軌道離心率">離心率</a></th><td style="">0.0067</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="軌道週期">軌道週期</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>224.701天</li> <li>0.615198 <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E5%B9%B4" title="儒略年">yr</a></li> <li>1.92金星<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E6%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太陽日 (無呢版)">太陽日</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="軌道週期">會合週期</a></th><td style="">583.92天<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軌道速度 (無呢版)">平均速度</a></th><td style="">35.02<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C/%E7%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公里/秒 (無呢版)">km/s</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E8%BF%91%E9%BB%9E%E8%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平近點角 (無呢版)">平近點角</a></th><td style="">50.115°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="軌道傾角">軌道傾角</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>3.39458° 到<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93" title="黃道">黃道</a></li> <li>3.86° 到<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93#黃道同行星" title="黃道">太陽赤道</a></li> <li>2.19° 到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%94%E8%AE%8A%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唔變平面 (無呢版)">唔變平面</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E%E9%BB%83%E7%B6%93" title="升交點黃經">升交點黃經</a></th><td style="">76.678°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%91%E5%BF%83%E9%BB%9E%E5%B9%85%E8%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="近心點幅角 (無呢版)">近日點參數</a></th><td style="">55.186°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="天然衛星">衛星</a></th><td style="">無</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">物理特徵</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">平均半徑</th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">6,051.8 ± 1.0km</span></li> <li>0.9499個<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%81%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扁率 (無呢版)">扁率</a></th><td style="">0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%9E%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="類球面 (無呢版)">表面積</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>4.60<span lang="en" title="英文文字">×10<sup>8</sup></span>km<sup>2</sup></li> <li>0.902個地球</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" title="體積">體積</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>9.28<span lang="en" title="英文文字">×10<sup>11</sup></span>km<sup>3</sup></li> <li>0.866個地球</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F" title="質量">質量</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>4.8676<span lang="en" title="英文文字">×10<sup>24</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%96%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="公斤">kg</a></li> <li>0.815個地球</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">平均<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></th><td style="">5.243g/cm<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="表面重力 (無呢版)">表面重力</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>8.87<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="加速度">m/s<sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">0.904<i><a href="/wiki/G%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="G力">g</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%83%E9%80%B8%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="逃逸速度">逃逸速度</a></th><td style="">10.36km/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="自轉週期">恒星自轉週期</a></th><td style="">−243.0185天<small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A0%86%E8%A1%8C%E5%90%8C%E9%80%86%E8%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="順行同逆行 (無呢版)">逆行</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">赤道自轉速度</th><td style="">6.52 km/h（1.81 m/s）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="轉軸傾角">轉軸傾角</a></th><td style="">177.36°<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">北極<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B6%93" title="赤經">赤經</a></span></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">18時11分2秒</span></li> <li>272.76°</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">北極<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B7%AF" title="赤緯">赤緯</a></th><td style="">67.16°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>0.67（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BE%E4%BD%95%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幾何反照率 (無呢版)">幾何</a>）</li> <li>0.90（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="球面反照率 (無呢版)">球面</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><table style="width: 100%; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: none; margin: 0; text-align: left; line-height: 1.2em; white-space:nowrap" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr> <th style="width:33%; padding-right: 0.25em; text-align: left">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" title="溫度">溫度</a></th> <th style="padding-right: 0.25em; text-align: left">最低</th> <th style="padding-right: 0.25em; text-align: left">平均</th> <th style="padding-right: 0.25em; text-align: left">最高</th> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left: 1.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="開氏度">開氏度</a></th> <td></td> <td>737K<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left: 1.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="攝氏度">攝氏度</a></th> <td></td> <td>464°C</td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" title="視星等">視星等</a></th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>最光 −4.9（新月）</li> <li>−3.8（滿月）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%9B%B4%E5%BE%91" title="角直徑">角直徑</a></th><td style=""><span class="nowrap">9.7"–66.0"</span><sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">大氣</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" class="mw-redirect" title="氣壓">氣壓</a></th><td style="">92<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4" title="巴">bar</a>（9.2<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">MPa</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">成分</th><td style=""><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>~96.5% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a></li> <li>~3.5% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a></li> <li>0.015% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a></li> <li>0.007% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC" title="氬">氬</a></li> <li>0.002% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B1%BD" title="水汽">水汽</a></li> <li>0.0017% <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="一氧化碳">一氧化碳</a></li> <li>0.0012% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a></li> <li>0.0007% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a></li> <li>微量<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羰基硫 (無呢版)">羰基硫</a></li> <li>微量<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="氯化氫">氯化氫</a></li> <li>微量<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AB" title="氟化氫">氟化氫</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2020813">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>金星</b>（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B2%B5%E6%96%87%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="Wikipedia:粵文拼音">粵拼</a>：<span class="plainlinks" style="display:inline-block"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yue.forvo.com/word/yue/金星/#yue"><span>gam<span class="Jpingtone">1</span> sing<span class="Jpingtone">1</span></span></a></span>；西洋名：<b>Venus</b>；天文符號：<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span>）係第二近<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" title="太陽">太陽</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>第六大行星，軌跡響<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>之間，用224.7<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5_(%E6%9B%86%E6%B3%95)" title="日 (曆法)">日</a>就可以圍住太陽行一個圈，太陽系中唯一一粒冇<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>嘅行星，冇<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="衛星">衛星</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E6%99%9A" title="夜晚">夜晚</a>嗰陣時，響<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="天空">天空</a>，佢係除咗<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE" title="月亮">月亮</a>之外，最光嘅天體，光等有成 -4.6。用地球角度來睇，因為佢係<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="內行星">內行星</a>，佢永遠都唔會離開太陽好多，所以分開<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%BA%A6" title="角度">角度</a>都係頂盡 47.8°。金星最光係<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%90%BD" title="日落">日落</a>之前一陣或者<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%87%BA" title="日出">日出</a>無耐，所以人哋叫佢<b>晨星</b>（<span>san<span class="Jpingtone">4</span> sing<span class="Jpingtone">1</span></span>）或者<b>昏星</b>（<span>fan<span class="Jpingtone">1</span> sing<span class="Jpingtone">1</span></span>）。 </p><p>金星係<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>四粒<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="類地行星">類地行星</a>之一，因為佢嘅大細、質量、體積同太陽嘅距離，都同地球相似，所以佢經常被稱為地球嘅姊妹星。佢嘅直徑係12,092公里（只比地球少650公里），質量係地球嘅81.5%。 </p><p>然而，佢喺其它方面就同地球唔同。佢嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="大氣層">大氣層</a>非常厚，係四粒類地行星入面最厚嗰個，其中超過96.5%都係<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>，其餘嘅3.5%係<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="氮氣">氮氣</a>，行星表面嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B" title="大氣壓力">大氣壓力</a>係地球嘅92倍。表面平均溫度高達735<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="開氏度">開氏</a>（462<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="攝氏度">攝氏</a>；863<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="華氏度">華氏</a>），係太陽系最熱嘅行星，比最近太陽嘅水星更加熱。金星冇將<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>吸收入岩石嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0" title="碳循環">碳循環</a>，似乎冇任何有機生物來吸收生物量嘅碳。金星俾一層高反射、唔透明嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸">硫酸</a>雲覆蓋，擋住來自太空、可能抵達表面嘅可見光。佢之前可能有海洋，而且外觀同地球極為相似<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但係隨住失控嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="溫室效應">溫室效應</a>導致溫度上升而蒸發嗮<sup id="cite_ref-Jakosky_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jakosky-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。水最有可能因為缺乏行星磁場而受到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E8%87%B4%E8%9B%BB%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光致蛻變 (無呢版)">光致蛻變</a>分解成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" title="氫">氫</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>，而自由氫一直俾<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E9%A2%A8" title="太陽風">太陽風</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E9%80%83%E9%80%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大氣逃逸 (無呢版)">掃入星際空間</a><sup id="cite_ref-solarwind_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-solarwind-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。金星表面係乾燥嘅荒漠景觀，重有定期被<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a>刷新嘅岩石。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="特徵"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B5"></span>特徵</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯小節: 特徵"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地理"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86"></span>地理</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯小節: 地理"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>直到行星科學喺20世紀揭示佢啲秘密之前，金星表面一直都係人類猜測嘅話題。佢最後嘅影像來自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A5%E5%93%B2%E5%80%AB%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麥哲倫號 (無呢版)">麥哲倫號</a>喺1990-91年間嘅探測，顯示表面有大量同廣泛嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山活動</a>，大氣層中嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>顯示最近可能有過噴發。 </p><p>金星八成表面俾光滑嘅火山平原覆蓋，七成嘅平原有皺褶脊，一成係平滑或有碎裂嘅平原。兩個<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="高原">高原</a>構成其餘三成嘅表面地區，一個喺行星嘅北半球，另一個喺赤道嘅南邊。北方大陸嘅大細同澳洲差唔多，依據<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E5%80%AB" title="巴比倫">巴比倫</a>嘅愛神，伊師塔（Ishtar）命名為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E5%B8%AB%E5%A1%94%E5%9C%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊師塔地 (無呢版)">伊師塔地</a>。金星上最高嘅山峰就喺伊斯塔地，叫做<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克士威山 (無呢版)">馬克士威山</a>，佢嘅高度係金星平均表面之上11公里。喺南半球嘅大陸係呢兩個高原中比較大嘅一個，依據<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" title="希臘">希臘</a>嘅愛神命名，稱為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BD%9B%E6%B4%9B%E7%8B%84%E5%BF%92%E9%99%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿佛洛狄忒陸 (無呢版)">阿佛洛狄忒陸</a>，大細同非洲大陸差唔多。呢個地區嘅部分被斷裂嘅網狀結構同斷層覆蓋。 </p><p>由於缺乏熔岩流嘅伴隨，隨處可見嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%B4%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="破火山口 (無呢版)">破火山口</a>依然係一個謎。呢個行星只有好少<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="撞擊坑 (無呢版)">撞擊坑</a>，顯示呢個行星表面非常年輕，大概只有3-6億年嘅歷史。除咗撞擊坑、山脈、山谷等等喺岩石行星常見嘅地形，金星表面有一啲獨特嘅特徵。平頂嘅火山地形叫做<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%84%E9%A4%85%E7%8B%80%E7%A9%B9%E4%B8%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薄餅狀穹丘 (無呢版)">Farra</a>，睇起嚟似薄煎餅，大細範圍介乎20至50公里，高度介乎100至1000公尺；輻射狀、星形嘅地形系統，叫做<i>novae</i>；如果有類似蜘蛛網嘅輻射狀同埋同心斷裂外觀嘅，就叫做<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9B%9B%E7%B6%B2%E8%86%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蛛網膜地形 (無呢版)">蛛網膜地形</a>（arachnoid）；如果有同心圓環嘅凹地就叫<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%95%E7%8B%80%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冕狀物 (無呢版)">coronae</a></i>；呢啲都係火山地形。 </p><p>金星表面嘅地形幾乎都係用歷史上同神話中嘅女性命名。少數例外嘅係以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="詹姆斯·克拉克·馬克士威 (無呢版)">詹姆斯·克拉克·馬克士威</a>個名命名嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克士威山 (無呢版)">馬克士威山</a>，同埋<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿爾法區 (無呢版)">阿爾法區</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%9D%E5%A1%94%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貝塔區 (無呢版)">貝塔區</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E7%93%A6%E9%81%94%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧瓦達區 (無呢版)">奧瓦達區</a>呢三個高原地區。前面嗰三個地區係喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E6%9C%83" title="國際天文學聯會">國際天文學聯會</a>嘅行星命名監督機構，通過現行嘅命名制度之前命名。 </p><p>金星上天然嘅地形以相對於佢<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%9D%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%B7%9A" title="本初子午線">本初子午線</a>嘅經度來表示。原本選擇嘅子午線係經過阿爾法區南部，喺雷達下呈現亮點嘅橢圓形Eve嘅中心。喺金星任務完成後，重新定義嘅本初子午線係經過阿喇阿德涅火山口中央峰嘅經線。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="表面地質"><span id=".E8.A1.A8.E9.9D.A2.E5.9C.B0.E8.B3.AA"></span>表面地質</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯小節: 表面地質"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">内文：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星地質 (無呢版)">金星地質</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg/220px-Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg/330px-Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg/440px-Maat_Mons_on_Venus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>垂直方向放大咗22.5倍嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%89%B9%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬特山 (無呢版)">馬特山</a>。</figcaption></figure> <p>大部分嘅金星表面似乎都係由火山活動形成，金星嘅火山數量係地球嘅好幾倍，佢有167座直徑超過100公里嘅大型火山。地球上，得<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="夏威夷">夏威夷</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="夏威夷群島">大島</a>嘅複雜火山嘅大細可以同金星比較<sup id="cite_ref-Frankel_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frankel-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。呢個唔係因為金星嘅火山比地球活躍，而是因為佢嘅地殼比地球古老。地球嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海洋地殼 (無呢版)">海洋地殼</a>喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%A1%8A" title="板塊">板塊</a>嘅邊界不斷咁<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%AF%E8%A1%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俯衝 (無呢版)">俯衝</a>而下，令到平均年齡細過一億年<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而金星表面嘅年齡估計喺3至6億年之間<sup id="cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nimmo98-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Frankel_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frankel-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>有幾個線索指出金星上嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a>重喺度活動。前蘇聯嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星計劃 (無呢版)">金星計劃</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F11%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星11號 (無呢版)">金星11號</a>同埋<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F12%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星12號 (無呢版)">金星12號</a>探測器偵測到好多<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E9%9B%BB" title="閃電">閃電</a>，金星12號降落之後冇幾耐，就記錄到強大嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7" title="雷">雷</a>聲。<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%B8%BD%E7%BD%B2" title="歐洲太空總署">歐洲太空總署</a>嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星特快車 (無呢版)">金星特快車</a>記錄到高層大氣中豐富嘅閃電<sup id="cite_ref-Venus_Express_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Venus_Express-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。雖然地球上嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E6%9A%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="雷暴">雷暴</a>會產生降雨，但係金星表面唔會<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E9%9B%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="落雨">落雨</a>（即使喺大氣層嘅上層會落<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8" title="硫酸">硫酸</a>雨，但喺25公里嘅高處就會因為高温而蒸發）。產生<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E9%9B%BB" title="閃電">閃電</a>嘅一種可能係嚟自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="火山灰 (無呢版)">火山灰</a>嘅噴發。另一種證據嚟自<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="大氣層">大氣層</a>中嘅<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%AB" title="二氧化硫">二氧化硫</a>濃度，喺1978年至1986年間嘅測量，濃度下降咗10倍。即係話，早啲嘅時候有大型嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%88%86%E7%99%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="火山爆發">火山爆發</a>進行<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>金星上有近千個撞擊坑均勻咁分布喺其表面。喺其它天體上嘅撞擊坑，例如地球同埋月球，撞擊坑展現出一系列衰退嘅狀況。喺月球，衰退係嚟自後續嘅撞擊；喺地球，係因為<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8" title="風">風</a>同埋<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4" title="雨水">雨水</a>嘅侵蝕。喺金星，85%嘅撞擊坑保持住原始嘅狀態。撞擊坑嘅數量，同埋保存喺完好嘅狀態下，顯示呢個行星大約喺3億年前經歷咗一次全球性嘅事件<sup id="cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nimmo98-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Strom1994_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strom1994-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，隨後火山活動開始衰減<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。地球嘅地殼係不斷咁運動，而金星就被認為冇得維持呢一個過程。冇板塊構造從地函散熱，金星反而經歷咗一個令地函溫度升高嘅迴圈，直到佢哋達到臨界嘅水準，削弱咗地殼。然後，大約喺一億年嘅期間，發生咗大規模嘅地殼俯衝，令到地殼完全重生<sup id="cite_ref-Frankel_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frankel-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。第一個火山活動持續嘅直接證據，出現喺格尼奇峽谷嘅盾狀火山<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%89%B9%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬特山 (無呢版)">馬特山</a>嘅帶狀裂口，發現咗3個紅外線嘅閃光。呢啲閃光嘅溫度範圍係527-827℃，相信係氣體或者熔岩從火山口釋出嘅噴發現象<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>星星凹面嘅坑穴大細由3公里至280公里。由於濃稠嘅大氣影響到進入嘅天體，所以冇細過3公里嘅坑穴。受到大氣層嘅減速，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E8%83%BD" title="動能">動能</a>低過某一臨界值嘅天體，就無得碰撞出撞擊坑<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。進入嘅天體直徑如果細過50米，將喺墜落到表面之前就喺大氣層中燒毀<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1488945/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright" style="background-color:light grey"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:234px;max-width:234px;background-color:light grey"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="background-color:light grey;width:232px;max-width:232px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venuspioneeruv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cloud structure in the Venusian atmosphere in 1979, revealed by observations in the ultraviolet band by Pioneer Venus Orbiter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Venuspioneeruv.jpg/230px-Venuspioneeruv.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Venuspioneeruv.jpg/345px-Venuspioneeruv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Venuspioneeruv.jpg/460px-Venuspioneeruv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="2158" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">1979年，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%88%E9%8B%92%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="先鋒金星軌道器 (無呢版)">先鋒金星軌道器</a>以紫外線波段揭露咗<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星大氣層 (無呢版)">金星大氣層</a>嘅結構。</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="background-color:light grey;width:232px;max-width:232px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venus_globe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A false-colour image of Venus: ribbons of lighter colour stretch haphazardly across the surface. Plainer areas of more even colouration lie between." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Venus_globe.jpg/230px-Venus_globe.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Venus_globe.jpg/345px-Venus_globe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Venus_globe.jpg/460px-Venus_globe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A5%E5%93%B2%E5%80%AB%E8%99%9F%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麥哲倫號金星探測器 (無呢版)">麥哲倫號</a>從1990年至1994年嘅全球<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%81%94" title="雷達">雷達</a>影像（冇雲層）</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="background-color:light grey;width:232px;max-width:232px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mgn_p39146.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Impact craters on the surface of Venus (image reconstructed from radar data) 隕石坑 s 表面嘅金星（從雷達資料重建嘅圖像）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mgn_p39146.png/230px-Mgn_p39146.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mgn_p39146.png/345px-Mgn_p39146.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mgn_p39146.png/460px-Mgn_p39146.png 2x" data-file-width="1151" data-file-height="910" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">喺金星表面嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="撞擊坑 (無呢版)">撞擊坑</a>（影像由雷達數據重建）</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="內部結構"><span id=".E5.85.A7.E9.83.A8.E7.B5.90.E6.A7.8B"></span>內部結構</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯小節: 內部結構"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於冇地震或者<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E5%8B%95%E6%85%A3%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="轉動慣量">轉動慣量</a>嘅資料，因此只有好少嘅直接資料可以解金星內部嘅結構同<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="地球化學">地質化學</a><sup id="cite_ref-goettel_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goettel-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同地球相似嘅大小同密度，顯示佢同地球有相似嘅共同內部構造：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行星核心 (無呢版)">核</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%B9%94" title="地幔">地幔</a>同埋<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC" title="地殼">地殼</a>。好似地球一樣，金星嘅核心有一部分係液體，因為呢兩個行星冷卻嘅速率係相同嘅<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>金星顯示出內部深處嘅壓力會比地球嘅細一啲。呢兩個行星之間主要嘅區別喺金星缺乏<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%A1%8A%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="板塊構造論">板塊</a>存在嘅證據，可能係因為佢嘅外殼太硬，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%B1%E6%B2%92%E5%B8%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="隱沒帶 (無呢版)">隱沒帶</a>缺乏水而令佢冇<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%BA%A6" title="黏度">黏度</a>。咁嘅結果令到行星嘅熱好難消散，阻止咗它嘅冷卻，並提供內部缺乏生成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>機制嘅可能解釋<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。相反，金星可能以週期性嘅重鋪地殼嚟消散佢內部嘅熱<sup id="cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nimmo98-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="古稱"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E7.A8.B1"></span>古稱</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯小節: 古稱"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>古代稱之為<b>太白</b>、<b>太白金星</b>。係晨星嘅時候，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E6%98%8E" title="黎明">黎明</a>前響<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="東方">東方</a>嘅天出現，稱之為「<b>啟明</b>」；係昏星嘅時候，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%98%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="黃昏">黃昏</a>後響<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="西方">西方</a>嘅天出現，稱之為「長庚」 <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" title="古希臘">古希臘</a>人叫金星做<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BD%9B%E6%B4%9B%E7%8B%84%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿佛洛狄特 (無呢版)">阿佛洛狄特</a>（Aphrodite），係<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="希臘神話">希臘神話</a>裏面「愛與美」嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E" title="女神">女神</a>。而古<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="羅馬">羅馬</a>人叫金星做<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E6%96%AF" title="維納斯">維納斯</a>（Venus），係<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="羅馬神話">羅馬神話</a>裏面嘅「美神」，因此金星嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" title="英文">英文</a>名叫 <span lang="en" title="英文文字">Venus</span>。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="波提且利畫嘅《維納斯出世》"><img alt="波提且利畫嘅《維納斯出世》" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg/45px-The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg" decoding="async" width="45" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg/67px-The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg/90px-The_Birth_of_Venus_detail_-_Venus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6650" data-file-height="17691" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8F%90%E4%B8%94%E5%88%A9" title="波提且利">波提且利</a>畫嘅《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E6%96%AF%E5%87%BA%E4%B8%96" title="維納斯出世">維納斯出世</a>》</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_figure_as_Venus,_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="唐朝《熾盛光佛並五星圖》入面代表金星嘅神靈"><img alt="唐朝《熾盛光佛並五星圖》入面代表金星嘅神靈" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg/86px-Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg/130px-Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg/173px-Female_figure_as_Venus%2C_T%27ang_dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="866" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">唐朝《<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%BE%E7%9B%9B%E5%85%89%E4%BD%9B%E4%B8%A6%E4%BA%94%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%96" title="熾盛光佛並五星圖">熾盛光佛並五星圖</a>》入面代表金星嘅神靈</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F&action=edit&section=6" title="編輯小節: 參考"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nssdc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_1-2">1.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_1-3">1.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_1-4">1.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2190673">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .references-small,.mw-parser-output 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.pin1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4+.zyun1ming4{margin-left:0.0833em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0)}.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1{width:unset;font-size:unset}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0.14em 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.5em)}.mw-parser-output .fan1gaak3+.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.1em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{position:absolute;align-self:baseline;margin-left:-1em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after{padding-top:1em;content:"﹋"}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after{content:"︳";transform-origin:bottom left;transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.35em)}.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{padding-top:0.6em;content:"·";width:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .koen1zo2,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .hoi1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .hoi1-adj{margin-left:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .koen1jau6,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .saan1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .saan1-adj{margin-right:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b{white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:0.05em solid currentColor}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+link+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b{margin-left:0.083em}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul>li{margin-left:3em;text-indent:-3em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2005" class="citation web cs1">Williams, David R. (2005年4月15號). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html">"Venus Fact Sheet"</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺2007年10月12號搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Venus+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fplanetary%2Ffactsheet%2Fvenusfact.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFHashimoto,_G._L.;_Roos-Serote,_M.;_Sugita,_S.;_Gilmore,_M._S.;_Kamp,_L._W.;_Carlson,_R._W.;_Baines,_K._H.2008" class="citation journal cs1">Hashimoto, G. L.; Roos-Serote, M.; Sugita, S.; Gilmore, M. S.; Kamp, L. W.; Carlson, R. W.; Baines, K. H. (2008). "Felsic highland crust on Venus suggested by Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data". <i>Journal of Geophysical Research, Planets</i>. <b>113</b>: E00B24. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008JGRE..11300B24H">2008JGRE..11300B24H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F2008JE003134">10.1029/2008JE003134</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2C+Planets&rft.atitle=Felsic+highland+crust+on+Venus+suggested+by+Galileo+Near-Infrared+Mapping+Spectrometer+data&rft.volume=113&rft.pages=E00B24&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F2008JE003134&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008JGRE..11300B24H&rft.au=Hashimoto%2C+G.+L.%3B+Roos-Serote%2C+M.%3B+Sugita%2C+S.%3B+Gilmore%2C+M.+S.%3B+Kamp%2C+L.+W.%3B+Carlson%2C+R.+W.%3B+Baines%2C+K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David Shiga <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12769-did-venuss-ancient-oceans-incubate-life.html#.UiwMq8ZMvlU">Did Venus's ancient oceans incubate life?</a>, New Scientist, 10 October 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jakosky-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jakosky_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">B.M. Jakosky, "Atmospheres of the Terrestrial Planets", in Beatty, Petersen and Chaikin (eds,), <i>The New Solar System,</i> 4th edition 1999, Sky Publishing Company (Boston) and Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), pp. 175–200</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-solarwind-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-solarwind_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Venus_Express/SEM0G373R8F_0.html">"Caught in the wind from the Sun"</a>. ESA (Venus Express). 2007-11-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2008-07-12</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caught+in+the+wind+from+the+Sun&rft.pub=ESA+%28Venus+Express%29&rft.date=2007-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FSPECIALS%2FVenus_Express%2FSEM0G373R8F_0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frankel-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Frankel_6-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Frankel_6-1">6.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Frankel_6-2">6.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFFrankel1996" class="citation book cs1">Frankel, Charles (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/volcanoesofsolar0000fran"><i>Volcanoes of the Solar System</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/978-0-521-47770-3" title="Special:書本來源/978-0-521-47770-3"><bdi>978-0-521-47770-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Volcanoes+of+the+Solar+System&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-521-47770-3&rft.aulast=Frankel&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvolcanoesofsolar0000fran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFKarttunen,_Hannu;_Kroger,_P.;_Oja,_H.;_Poutanen,_M.;_Donner,_K._J.2007" class="citation book cs1">Karttunen, Hannu; Kroger, P.; Oja, H.; Poutanen, M.; Donner, K. J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fundamentalastro0005unse"><i>Fundamental Astronomy</i></a>. Springer. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fundamentalastro0005unse/page/162">162</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/3-540-34143-9" title="Special:書本來源/3-540-34143-9"><bdi>3-540-34143-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamental+Astronomy&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=3-540-34143-9&rft.au=Karttunen%2C+Hannu%3B+Kroger%2C+P.%3B+Oja%2C+H.%3B+Poutanen%2C+M.%3B+Donner%2C+K.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffundamentalastro0005unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nimmo98-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-1">8.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nimmo98_8-2">8.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFNimmo,_F.;_McKenzie,_D.1998" class="citation journal cs1">Nimmo, F.; McKenzie, D. (1998). "Volcanism and Tectonics on Venus". <i>Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 23–53. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AREPS..26...23N">1998AREPS..26...23N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.26.1.23">10.1146/annurev.earth.26.1.23</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.atitle=Volcanism+and+Tectonics+on+Venus&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=23-53&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.26.1.23&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998AREPS..26...23N&rft.au=Nimmo%2C+F.%3B+McKenzie%2C+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Venus_Express-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Venus_Express_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071130201237/http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/11/28/venus.lightning.ap/index.html">"Venus also zapped by lightning"</a>. CNN. 2007-11-29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/11/28/venus.lightning.ap/index.html">原著</a>喺2007-11-30歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2007-11-29</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Venus+also+zapped+by+lightning&rft.date=2007-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FTECH%2Fspace%2F11%2F28%2Fvenus.lightning.ap%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFGlaze1999" class="citation journal cs1">Glaze, L. S. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213135800/http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1999/1998JE000619.shtml">"Transport of SO2 by explosive volcanism on Venus"</a>. <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>104</b> (E8): 18899–18906. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JGR...10418899G">1999JGR...10418899G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F1998JE000619">10.1029/1998JE000619</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1999/1998JE000619.shtml">原著</a>喺2009-02-13歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2009-01-16</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Transport+of+SO2+by+explosive+volcanism+on+Venus&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=E8&rft.pages=18899-18906&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F1998JE000619&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1999JGR...10418899G&rft.aulast=Glaze&rft.aufirst=L.+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agu.org%2Fpubs%2Fcrossref%2F1999%2F1998JE000619.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strom1994-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Strom1994_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFStromSchaber,_G._G.Dawsow,_D._D.1994" class="citation journal cs1">Strom, R. G.; Schaber, G. G.; Dawsow, D. D. (1994). "The global resurfacing of Venus". <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>99</b> (E5): 10899–10926. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994JGR....9910899S">1994JGR....9910899S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F94JE00388">10.1029/94JE00388</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=The+global+resurfacing+of+Venus&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=E5&rft.pages=10899-10926&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F94JE00388&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994JGR....9910899S&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rft.au=Schaber%2C+G.+G.&rft.au=Dawsow%2C+D.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFRomeo,_I.;_Turcotte,_D._L.2009" class="citation journal cs1">Romeo, I.; Turcotte, D. L. (2009). "The frequency-area distribution of volcanic units on Venus: Implications for planetary resurfacing". <i>Icarus</i>. <b>203</b> (1): 13. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009Icar..203...13R">2009Icar..203...13R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2009.03.036">10.1016/j.icarus.2009.03.036</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=The+frequency-area+distribution+of+volcanic+units+on+Venus%3A+Implications+for+planetary+resurfacing&rft.volume=203&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=13&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2009.03.036&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009Icar..203...13R&rft.au=Romeo%2C+I.%3B+Turcotte%2C+D.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFShannon_Hall2014" class="citation web cs1">Shannon Hall (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407103626/http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/Active-Volcanoes-on-Venus-251323301.html">"Active Volcanoes on Venus?"</a>. Sky and Telescope. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/Active-Volcanoes-on-Venus-251323301.html">原著</a>喺2014-04-07歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2014-04-02</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Active+Volcanoes+on+Venus%3F&rft.pub=Sky+and+Telescope&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Shannon+Hall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyandtelescope.com%2Fnews%2FActive-Volcanoes-on-Venus-251323301.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFHerrickPhillips,_R._J.1993" class="citation journal cs1">Herrick, R. R.; Phillips, R. J. (1993). "Effects of the Venusian atmosphere on incoming meteoroids and the impact crater population". <i>Icarus</i>. <b>112</b> (1): 253–281. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994Icar..112..253H">1994Icar..112..253H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.1994.1180">10.1006/icar.1994.1180</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Effects+of+the+Venusian+atmosphere+on+incoming+meteoroids+and+the+impact+crater+population&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=253-281&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Ficar.1994.1180&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994Icar..112..253H&rft.aulast=Herrick&rft.aufirst=R.+R.&rft.au=Phillips%2C+R.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Morrison2003" class="citation book cs1">David Morrison (2003). <i>The Planetary System</i>. Benjamin Cummings. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/0-8053-8734-X" title="Special:書本來源/0-8053-8734-X"><bdi>0-8053-8734-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Planetary+System&rft.pub=Benjamin+Cummings&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8053-8734-X&rft.au=David+Morrison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goettel-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-goettel_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFGoettelShields,_J._A.Decker,_D._A.1981" class="citation conference cs1">Goettel, K. A.; Shields, J. A.; Decker, D. A. (16–20 March 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982LPSC...12.1507G">"Density constraints on the composition of Venus"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference</i>. Houston, TX: Pergamon Press. pp. 1507–1516<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2009-07-12</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=Density+constraints+on+the+composition+of+Venus&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.place=Houston%2C+TX&rft.pages=1507-1516&rft.pub=Pergamon+Press&rft.date=1981-03-16%2F1981-03-20&rft.aulast=Goettel&rft.aufirst=K.+A.&rft.au=Shields%2C+J.+A.&rft.au=Decker%2C+D.+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1982LPSC...12.1507G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">cite conference</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|booktitle=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|book-title=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFFaure,_Gunter;_Mensing,_Teresa_M.2007" class="citation book cs1">Faure, Gunter; Mensing, Teresa M. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontopl0000faur"><i>Introduction to planetary science: the geological perspective</i></a>. Springer eBook collection. Springer. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontopl0000faur/page/201">201</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/1-4020-5233-2" title="Special:書本來源/1-4020-5233-2"><bdi>1-4020-5233-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+planetary+science%3A+the+geological+perspective&rft.series=Springer+eBook+collection&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=1-4020-5233-2&rft.au=Faure%2C+Gunter%3B+Mensing%2C+Teresa+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontopl0000faur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFNimmo,_F.2002" class="citation journal cs1">Nimmo, F. (2002). "Crustal analysis of Venus from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magellan_probe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magellan probe (無呢版)">Magellan</a> satellite observations at Atalanta Planitia, Beta Regio, and Thetis Regio". <i>Geology</i>. <b>30</b> (11): 987–990. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (identifier) (無呢版)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002Geo....30..987N">2002Geo....30..987N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1130%2F0091-7613%282002%29030%3C0987%3AWDVLAM%3E2.0.CO%3B2">10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0987:WDVLAM>2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0091-7613">0091-7613</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology&rft.atitle=Crustal+analysis+of+Venus+from+Magellan+satellite+observations+at+Atalanta+Planitia%2C+Beta+Regio%2C+and+Thetis+Regio&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=987-990&rft.date=2002&rft.issn=0091-7613&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1130%2F0091-7613%282002%29030%3C0987%3AWDVLAM%3E2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002Geo....30..987N&rft.au=Nimmo%2C+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040820231149/http://159.226.2.5:89/gate/big5/www.kepu.net.cn/gb/beyond/astronomy/sun/sun_3.html"><span class="pin1ming4-b" aria-label="〈中國科普博覽天文館〉"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">〈</span>中</span><span class="zit3">國科普博覽天文館</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">〉</span></span></span></a>。<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://159.226.2.5:89/gate/big5/www.kepu.net.cn/gb/beyond/astronomy/sun/sun_3.html">原著</a>喺2004年8月20號歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">。喺2007年1月20號搵到</span>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%8D%9A%E8%A6%BD+%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E9%A4%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F159.226.2.5%3A89%2Fgate%2Fbig5%2Fwww.kepu.net.cn%2Fgb%2Fbeyond%2Fastronomy%2Fsun%2Fsun_3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">More than one of <code class="cs1-code">|archivedate=</code>、<code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> specified (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">More than one of <code class="cs1-code">|archiveurl=</code>、<code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> specified (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#redundant_parameters" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="太陽系" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="Template:太陽系"><abbr title="去睇呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">睇</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="Template talk:太陽系"><abbr title="傾呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">傾</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB&action=edit"><abbr title="編輯呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">改</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="太陽系" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="太陽系">太陽系</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Solar_System_XXX.png" decoding="async" width="635" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_194d0041781e21bc" /></span><map name="ImageMap_194d0041781e21bc"><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="太陽" title="太陽" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="水星" title="水星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="金星" title="金星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88" shape="circle" coords="203,8,4" alt="月" title="月" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" shape="circle" coords="194,18,8" alt="地球" title="地球" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="239,13,3" alt="火星嘅衞星" title="火星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="火星" title="火星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="小行星帶" title="小行星帶" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="317,18,15" alt="木星" title="木星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="329,5,6" alt="木星嘅衞星" title="木星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" shape="rect" coords="288,0,345,35" alt="木星環" title="木星環" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="土星" title="土星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="土星嘅衞星" title="土星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" shape="rect" coords="345,0,400,35" alt="土星環" title="土星環" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="天王星" title="天王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="天王星嘅衞星" title="天王星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" shape="rect" coords="400,0,440,35" alt="天王星環" title="天王星環" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="471,10,3" alt="海王星嘅衞星" title="海王星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="海王星" title="海王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" shape="rect" coords="440,0,490,35" alt="海王星環" title="海王星環" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="508,13,3" alt="冥王星嘅衞星" title="冥王星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="504,18,8" alt="冥王星" title="冥王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E5%98%85%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="538,13,3" alt="妊神星嘅衞星" title="妊神星嘅衞星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="534,18,8" alt="妊神星" title="妊神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="567,18,8" alt="鳥神星" title="鳥神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%B6" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="柯伊伯帶" title="柯伊伯帶" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%AC%A9%E8%A1%9E%E4%B8%80" shape="circle" coords="600,14,3" alt="鬩衞一" title="鬩衞一" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%AC%A9%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="596,18,8" alt="鬩神星" title="鬩神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="黃道離散天體" title="黃道離散天體" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%89%B9%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%B2" shape="rect" coords="611,0,635,35" alt="歐特星雲" title="歐特星雲" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" title="太陽">太陽</a>同八大<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a></b>：</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" title="太陽">太陽</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">金星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" title="土星">土星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="天王星">天王星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="海王星">海王星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="第九行星">第九行星</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="自然衞星">自然衞星</a></b>：</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%A1%9E%E4%B8%89" title="木衞三">木衞三</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%A1%9E%E5%85%AD" title="土衞六">土衞六</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%A1%9E%E5%9B%9B" title="木衞四">木衞四</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%A1%9E%E4%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="木衞一">木衞一</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE" title="月亮">月球</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%A1%9E%E4%BA%8C" title="木衞二">木衞二</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%9E%E4%B8%80" title="海衞一">海衞一</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%A1%9E%E4%B8%89" class="mw-redirect" title="天衞三">天衞三</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%A1%9E%E4%BA%94" title="土衞五">土衞五</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%A1%9E%E5%9B%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="天衞四">天衞四</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%A1%9E%E4%B9%9D" title="土衞九">土衞九</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" title="行星環">行星環</a></b>：</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" title="木星環">木星環</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" title="土星環">土星環</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天王星環 (無呢版)">天王星環</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0" title="海王星環">海王星環</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="矮行星">矮行星</a></b>：</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="穀神星">穀神星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星">妊神星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="鳥神星">鳥神星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%AC%A9%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="鬩神星">鬩神星</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right"><b>太陽系細嘢</b>：</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F" title="流星">流星</a></b> · <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%95%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="隕星 (無呢版)">隕星</a></b> · <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a></b>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="近地小行星 (無呢版)">近地小行星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" title="小行星帶">小行星帶</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%BA%BA%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="半人馬小行星">半人馬小行星</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="外海王星天體">外海王星天體</a><small>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%B6" title="柯伊伯帶">柯伊伯帶</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="黃道離散天體">黃道離散天體</a>）</small>） · <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a></b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%89%B9%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%B2" title="歐特星雲">歐特星雲</a>）</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">由「<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=金星&oldid=2173217">https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=金星&oldid=2173217</a>」收</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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