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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perang_Dingin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perang_Dingin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Perang Dingin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perang_Dingin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perang_Teluk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perang_Teluk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Perang Teluk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perang_Teluk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peperangan_asimetris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peperangan_asimetris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Peperangan asimetris</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peperangan_asimetris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rancangan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rancangan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rancangan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rancangan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Rancangan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rancangan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gambaran_umum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gambaran_umum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Gambaran umum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gambaran_umum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penangkal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penangkal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Penangkal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penangkal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persenjataan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persenjataan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Persenjataan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persenjataan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pergerakan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pergerakan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Pergerakan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pergerakan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ruang_Penyimpanan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruang_Penyimpanan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Ruang Penyimpanan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruang_Penyimpanan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Awak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Peran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daftar_tank_tempur_utama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daftar_tank_tempur_utama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Daftar tank tempur utama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daftar_tank_tempur_utama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tank tempur utama</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 38 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="دبابة قتالية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دبابة قتالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fsas_d%C3%B6y%C3%BC%C5%9F_tank%C4%B1" title="Əsas döyüş tankı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əsas döyüş tankı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Асноўны баявы танк – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Асноўны баявы танк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Асноўны баявы танк – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Асноўны баявы танк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tank_stourm_diazez" title="Tank stourm diazez – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tank stourm diazez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_bojov%C3%BD_tank" title="Hlavní bojový tank – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hlavní bojový tank" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Main battle tank" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Main battle tank" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carro_de_combate_principal" title="Carro de combate principal – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carro de combate principal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahingutank" title="Lahingutank – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lahingutank" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="تانک اصلی میدان نبرد – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تانک اصلی میدان نبرد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taistelupanssarivaunu" title="Taistelupanssarivaunu – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taistelupanssarivaunu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Char_de_combat" title="Char de combat – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Char de combat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%A7_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%94" title="טנק מערכה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טנק מערכה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF" title="Հիմնական մարտական տանկ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիմնական մարտական տանկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carro_armato_da_combattimento" title="Carro armato da combattimento – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carro armato da combattimento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%9B%E6%88%A6%E8%BB%8A" title="主力戦車 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="主力戦車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ძირითადი საბრძოლო ტანკი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძირითადი საბრძოლო ტანკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%A0%A5%EC%A0%84%EC%B0%A8" title="주력전차 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="주력전차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagrindinis_kovinis_tankas" title="Pagrindinis kovinis tankas – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pagrindinis kovinis tankas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Main battle tank" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta_kebal_utama" title="Kereta kebal utama – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kereta kebal utama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carri_de_combat_principau" title="Carri de combat principau – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carri de combat principau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czo%C5%82g_podstawowy" title="Czołg podstawowy – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czołg podstawowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanc_principal_de_lupt%C4%83" title="Tanc principal de luptă – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tanc principal de luptă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Основной боевой танк – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Основной боевой танк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osnovni_borbeni_tenk" title="Osnovni borbeni tenk – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Osnovni borbeni tenk" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Main battle tank" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlavn%C3%BD_bojov%C3%BD_tank" title="Hlavný bojový tank – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hlavný bojový tank" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavni_bojni_tank" title="Glavni bojni tank – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glavni bojni tank" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanku_kryesor_luftarak" title="Tanku kryesor luftarak – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tanku kryesor luftarak" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Основни борбени тенк – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Основни борбени тенк" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg/300px-Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg/450px-Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg/600px-Leopard_2_A5_der_Bundeswehr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="1771" /></a><figcaption>Tank tempur utama <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2</a>A5 pada tahun 2010</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tank Tempur Utama</b> atau <i><b>Main Battle Tank</b></i> (<b>MBT</b>) atau disebut juga <b>tank tempur</b> atau <b>tank universal</b>, adalah tank yang mengisi peran penembakan berat langsung (<i>heavy direct fire</i>) pada <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_bersenjata" title="Angkatan bersenjata">angkatan bersenjata</a> modern. MBT dibuat untuk menggantikan peran tank ringan, medium, berat dan superberat. Pengembangannya terus berlanjut sejak <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dingin" title="Perang Dingin">Perang Dingin</a> dengan adanya pengembangan lapis baja komposit ringan. MBT sering dioperasikan untuk mendukung tank ringan di beberapa <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_darat" title="Angkatan darat">angkatan darat</a>. </p><p>Saat ini, MBT menjadi komponen kunci angkatan darat modern.<sup id="cite_ref-House1984_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House1984-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MBT jarang beroperasi sendirian, MBT beroperasi dengan dukungan <a href="/wiki/Kendaraan_tempur_infanteri" title="Kendaraan tempur infanteri">kendaraan tempur infanteri</a> dan MBT juga kadang didukung oleh <a href="/wiki/Pesawat_intai" title="Pesawat intai">pesawat intai</a> maupun <a href="/wiki/Pesawat_serang_darat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesawat serang darat">pesawat serang-darat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perang_Dingin">Perang Dingin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Perang Dingin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perang Dingin"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg/220px-T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg/330px-T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg/440px-T-72A_tank_on_parade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3277" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/T-72" title="T-72">T-72</a>B dengan lapis baja komposit "<i>Dolly Parton</i>" pada bagian depan kubah</figcaption></figure> <p>Konsep tank medium secara perlahan berubah menjadi konsep MBT pada 1960-an,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> setelah disadari bahwa tank medium dapat membawa <a href="/wiki/Meriam" title="Meriam">meriam</a> (seperti meriam 90 mm AS, 100 mm <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Soviet</a>, dan khususnya meriam L7 105 mm <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>) yang dapat menembus <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">lapis baja</a> praktis manapun dari jarak jauh. Konsep tank berat <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Dunia 2">PD II</a>, yang dipersenjatai dengan meriam dan lapis baja paling kuat, menjadi usang karena tank jenis ini menjadi sasaran empuk persenjataan musuh.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan. since Oktober 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">butuh rujukan</a></i>]</span></sup> Demikian juga tank ringan, PD II telah menunjukkan bahwa tank jenis ini tidak menjadi penting dalam berbagai peran, karena kecepatan bukanlah pengganti kekuatan lapis baja dan daya tembak (<i>firepower</i>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox,_1979.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg/220px-XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg/330px-XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg/440px-XM-1_Abrams_during_a_demonstration_on_the_test_range_of_Fort_Knox%2C_1979.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2810" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">XM1 Abrams</a> pada tahun 1979</figcaption></figure> <p>Bertambahnya jenis senjata anti-tank dan dapat dirasakannya ancaman <a href="/wiki/Perang_nuklir" title="Perang nuklir">perang nuklir</a>, membuat prioritas pengembangan pada lapis baja tambahan. Pengembangan lapis baja tambahan menuntut rancangan meriam yang lebih kuat.<sup id="cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MBT_generations-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ciri MBT adalah mempunyai persejataan seperti ranpur lain, sangat <i>mobile</i> dan mempunyai lapis baja yang baik. Selain itu, MBT juga cukup murah untuk dibuat dalam jumlah yang besar. MBT pertama Soviet adalah <a href="/wiki/T-64" title="T-64">T-64</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan MBT <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">AS</a> pertama adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=M60_Patton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M60 Patton (halaman belum tersedia)">M60 Patton</a>. </p><p>Adopsi lapis baja MBT keramik dan semakin luasnya lapis baja di permukaan tank yang dibutuhkan untuk menahan serangan non-frontal dari <a href="/wiki/Helikopter_serang" class="mw-redirect" title="Helikopter serang">helikopter serang</a> juga menghasilkan efektivitas perlindungan terhadap <a href="/wiki/Radiasi" title="Radiasi">radiasi</a> ledakan <a href="/wiki/Nuklir" class="mw-disambig" title="Nuklir">nuklir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Radioactive_attenuation_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Radioactive_attenuation-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada akhir 1970-an, MBT telah diproduksi oleh <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerman_Barat" title="Jerman Barat">Jerman Barat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia">Swedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1980_production_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1980_production-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Doktrin perang Uni Soviet sangat bergantung pada MBT sehingga pengembangan senjata lainnya membuat MBT ketinggalan zaman dan membuat kemampuan tempur Uni Soviet hancur.<sup id="cite_ref-Soviet_MBT_reliance_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soviet_MBT_reliance-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oleh karena itu Uni Soviet mengembangkan sistem meriam. <i>Autoloader</i> mekanis diperkenalkan untuk menggantikan personil <a href="/wiki/Manusia" title="Manusia">manusia</a>. Hal ini membuat ukuran <i><a href="/wiki/Turret" class="mw-redirect" title="Turret">turret</a></i> (kubah) bisa diperkecil sehingga tank lebih sulit dilacak dan ditembak.<sup id="cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MBT_generations-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sistem <a href="/wiki/Misil" class="mw-redirect" title="Misil">misil</a> (rudal) juga ditambahkan untuk menambah jarak jangkau serang dan meningkatkan kemungkinan hancurnya tank musuh dengan sekali tembakan.<sup id="cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MBT_generations-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perang_Teluk">Perang Teluk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Perang Teluk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perang Teluk"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Perang_Teluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Teluk">Perang Teluk</a> menegaskan kembali peran MBT, bahwa <a href="/wiki/Helikopter" title="Helikopter">helikopter</a> serang lebih unggul daripada MBT.<sup id="cite_ref-outperformed_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outperformed-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para ahli strategi menegaskan bahwa MBT telah ketinggalan zaman karena dapat dinetralkan oleh tank/kendaraan tempur lapis baja milik <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peperangan_asimetris">Peperangan asimetris</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Peperangan asimetris" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Peperangan asimetris"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Leo2_PSO_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Leo2_PSO_front.jpg/220px-Leo2_PSO_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Leo2_PSO_front.jpg/330px-Leo2_PSO_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Leo2_PSO_front.jpg/440px-Leo2_PSO_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Sebuah <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2</a> milik Jerman dengan versi PSO yang disiapkan untuk peperangan asimetris</figcaption></figure> <p>Pada <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>, sekitar 1.100 <a href="/wiki/M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">M1 Abrams</a> digunakan oleh <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Bersenjata_Amerika_Serikat" title="Angkatan Bersenjata Amerika Serikat">Angkatan Bersenjata AS</a> saat <a href="/wiki/Perang_Irak" title="Perang Irak">Perang Irak</a>. M1 Abrams terbukti sangat rentan terhadap perangkat peledak terimprovisasi (<i>Improvised Explosive Device</i> (IED))/granat anti-tank.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebuah <a href="/wiki/Ranjau" class="mw-disambig" title="Ranjau">ranjau</a> didetonasi-jarak-jauh dengan penetrator <a href="/wiki/Eksplosif" class="mw-redirect" title="Eksplosif">eksplosif</a> beberapa kali sukses melawan kendaraan lapis baja AS. Akan tetapi, dengan adanya peningkatan pada lapis baja bagian belakang, M1 telah terbukti berguna pada peperangan kota. Pada <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Fallujah_Kedua" title="Pertempuran Fallujah Kedua">Perang Fallujah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marinir_AS" class="mw-redirect" title="Marinir AS">Marinir AS</a> membawa dua <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> ekstra.<sup id="cite_ref-USAToday2005b_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday2005b-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Britania Raya mengirimkan tank <a href="/wiki/Challenger_2" title="Challenger 2">Challenger 2</a> untuk mendukung operasi di selatan Irak. </p><p>Negara seperti <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> mengurangi armada <a href="/wiki/Perang" title="Perang">perang</a> mereka dan melakukan pengadaan untuk model yang lebih canggih.<sup id="cite_ref-israel_divestitue_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-israel_divestitue-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lapis baja canggih tidak meningkatkan keselamatan tank, tetapi telah menurunkan tingkat <a href="/wiki/Kematian" title="Kematian">kematian</a> awak.<sup id="cite_ref-crew_survivability_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crew_survivability-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kupola tanpa awak yang disebut stasiun senjata berkendali jarak jauh meningkatkan keselamatan awak. Tank percobaan dengan kubah tanpa awak meletakkan awak di dalam <i>hull</i> (lambung/badan tank) dengan lapis baja tebal meningkatkan keselamatan awak dan mengurangi profil tank.<sup id="cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indirect_fire-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Keusangan tank telah ditegaskan dari waktu ke waktu, tetapi <a href="/wiki/Sejarah" title="Sejarah">sejarah</a> masa kini memperlihatkan bahwa MBT masih tetap dibutuhkan. Dengan teknologi, berat dan ukuran MBT modern berkurang.<sup id="cite_ref-Light_future_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Light_future-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dokumen militer <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> dari 2001 telah mengindikasikan bahwa Angkatan Bersenjata Britania Raya tidak akan melakukan pengadaan tank sebagai pengganti Challenger 2 karena kurangnya ancaman konvensional pada masa yang akan datang.<sup id="cite_ref-Chaallenger_II_last_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chaallenger_II_last-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rancangan">Rancangan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Rancangan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rancangan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gambaran_umum">Gambaran umum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Gambaran umum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Gambaran umum"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="" align="left" valign="top" style="padding-left:;"> <dl><dd>1. <a href="/wiki/Periskop" title="Periskop">Periskop</a></dd> <dd>2. Mantel Meriam</dd> <dd>3. Senapan Koaksial</dd> <dd>4. <i>Bore Evacuator</i></dd> <dd>5. Meriam Utama</dd> <dd>6. Optik <a href="/wiki/Pengemudi" title="Pengemudi">Pengemudi</a></dd> <dd>7. Palka Pengemudi</dd> <dd>8. Plat Glasis</dd> <dd>9. <a href="/wiki/Rantai" title="Rantai">Rantai</a> Tank</dd> <dd>10. Amunisi Senapan Mesin</dd> <dd>11. Senapan Mesin Komandan Tank</dd></dl> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td> <td width="" align="left" valign="top" style="padding-left:;"> <dl><dd>12. Kupola atau Palka</dd> <dd>13. Turret Meriam</dd> <dd>14. Cincin Turret</dd> <dd>15. <i>Hull</i></dd> <dd>16. Intake udara mesin</dd> <dd>17. Kompartemen mesin</dd> <dd>18. <i>Skirt</i> Lapis Baja</dd> <dd>19. <i>Drive Sprocket</i></dd> <dd>20. Pertautan Rantai</dd> <dd>21. <a href="/wiki/Roda" title="Roda">Roda</a> Tank</dd></dl> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td> <td width="" align="left" valign="top" style="padding-left:;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg/480px-M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg/720px-M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg/960px-M1_Abrams_diagram_num.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1660" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penangkal">Penangkal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Penangkal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penangkal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg/220px-T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg/330px-T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg/440px-T-90_Bhisma_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/T-90" title="T-90">T-90</a>S milik <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> memiliki 2 tingkat sistem perlindungan</figcaption></figure> <p>Aslinya, kebanyakan MBT menggunakan lapis baja tradisional sebagai pelindung dari ancaman serangan musuh. Ketika berbagai ancaman baru bermunculan, sistem pertahanan yang dipakai MBT harus dikembangkan untuk mengantisipasinya. Salah satu pengembangan pertama adalah penggunaan <i>Explosive Reactive Armor</i> (ERA), yang dikembangkan oleh Israel pada 1980-an untuk melindungi tank dari hulu ledak <i><a href="/wiki/Peledak_terarah" title="Peledak terarah">shaped-charge</a></i> milik rudal kendali anti-tank modern dan yang lainnya seperti <a href="/wiki/Proyektil" title="Proyektil">proyektil</a> anti-tank berdaya ledak tinggi atau <i>High-Explosive Anti-Tank</i> (HEAT). Teknologi ini kemudian diadopsi dan berkembang ke AS dan Uni Soviet. </p><p>Lapis baja MBT dikonsentrasikan di bagian depan tank dan berlapis hingga tiga dengan ketebalan satu <a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">meter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-armor_1985_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armor_1985-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mounted_Soldier_System_(MSS).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg/220px-Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg/330px-Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg/440px-Mounted_Soldier_System_%28MSS%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1340" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">M1 Abrams</a> yang telah dimodifikasi untuk mengatasi ancaman pada peperangan asimetris</figcaption></figure> <p>Rudal adalah senjata anti-tank yang murah dan efektif.<sup id="cite_ref-leopard_2_mobility_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard_2_mobility-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ERA dapat dipasang dengan cepat untuk meningkatkan keselamatan tank. Tapi, detonasi blok ERA menghasilkan bahaya bagi pasukan <a href="/wiki/Infanteri" title="Infanteri">infanteri</a> pendukung di dekat tank. Lapis baja baru dikembangkan untuk mengatasi kekurangan ini. Lapis baja generasi baru Kontakt-5, yang dikembangkan oleh Soviet, mampu bertahan menghadapi serangan HEAT dan penetrator <a href="/wiki/Energi_kinetik" title="Energi kinetik">energi kinetik</a>. Soviet juga mengembangkan sistem yang dirancang agar lebih aktif untuk menetralkan ancaman proyektil musuh bahkan sebelum proyektil mencapai tank, dengan nama sistem <i>Shtora</i> dan <i>Arena</i>. AS juga telah mengadopsi teknologi serupa dalam bentuk <i>Missile Countermeasure Device</i> sebagai bagian dari <i>Tank Urban Survival Kit</i> yang digunakan pada tank M1 Abrams yang beroperasi di Irak. </p><p>Pengembangan defensif lainnya fokus pada kekuatan bajanya sendiri. Pengembangan yang paling dikenal datang dari Britania Raya dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapis_baja_Chobham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapis baja Chobham (halaman belum tersedia)">lapis baja Chobham</a> pada 1970-an. Lapis baja ini pertama kali dipakai pada M1 Abrams dan kemudian <a href="/wiki/Challenger_1" title="Challenger 1">Challenger 1</a>. Chobham memakai kisi-kisi material komposit dan keramik bersama dengan campuran <a href="/wiki/Logam" title="Logam">logam</a>. Chobham terbukti sangat efektif saat konflik Irak di awal 1990-an dan 2000-an, karena banyak tank yang selamat dari akibat serangan <a href="/wiki/Granat_berpeluncur_roket" title="Granat berpeluncur roket">granat berpeluncur roket</a> dengan kerusakan tak berarti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persenjataan">Persenjataan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Persenjataan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Persenjataan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day,_March_2008-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg/220px-Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg/330px-Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg/440px-Flickr_-_Israel_Defense_Forces_-_188th_Brigade_Training_Day%2C_March_2008-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2789" data-file-height="1898" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Merkava" title="Merkava">Merkava Mk 3d BAZ</a> milik <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Bersenjata_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Angkatan Bersenjata Israel">Angkatan Bersenjata Israel</a> sedang menembakkan meriam utamanya</figcaption></figure> <p>MBT dilengkapi dengan meriam utama dan paling sedikit satu senapan mesin. Meriam utama MBT pada umumnya ber<a href="/wiki/Kaliber" class="mw-disambig" title="Kaliber">kaliber</a> 90 hingga 125 mm. Meriam utama ini berfungsi ganda, yaitu dapat digunakan untuk menembak target berlapis baja lain seperti tank dan per<a href="/wiki/Benteng" title="Benteng">bentengan</a>, serta untuk sasaran ringan seperti kendaraan ringan dan infanteri musuh. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg/220px-Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg/330px-Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg/440px-Leclerc-IMG_1744.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2088" data-file-height="1395" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leclerc" title="Leclerc">Leclerc</a> milik <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Meriam tank dapat menembakkan <a href="/wiki/Amunisi" title="Amunisi">amunisi</a> anti-lapis-baja maupun anti-personil. Amunisi HEAT dan beberapa penetrator energi kinetik kecepatan tinggi seperti APFSDS (<i>Armor-piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot</i>) dibawa untuk keperluan anti-lapis-baja. Amunisi anti-personil seperi fragmentasi berdaya ledak tinggi mempunyai dua kegunaan. Biasanya MBT membawa sekitar 30-50 amunisi, dan dipisahkan antara amunisi HE, HEAT dan penetrator energi kinetik. Beberapa MBT juga dapat membawa amunisi asap dan <a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">fosfor</a>-putih. </p><p>Tank modern menggunakan sistem kendali penembakan canggih seperti pencari jarak, kendali penembakan ter<a href="/wiki/Komputer" title="Komputer">komputerisasi</a>, dan stabiliser, yang dirancang untuk menjaga kestabilan meriam walaupun badan tank berputar dan bergoncang, sehingga memudahkan operator untuk menembak dalam keadaan bergerak dan menghadapi target bergerak. Sistem meriam-rudal merupakan sistem yang rumit dan cenderung mengecewakan bagi AS. Sehingga AS meninggalkan proyek tersebut seperti M60A2 dan MBT-70.<sup id="cite_ref-gun-missile_failure_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gun-missile_failure-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peran MBT harus berkompromi karena meningkatnya jarak tempur dan keakuratan penembakan tidak langsung (<i>indirect fire</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indirect_fire-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meriam tank masih sangat bermanfaat pada pertempuran urban untuk menembak sasaran dengan akurat dan dengan kerusakan tambahan yang rendah.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa MBT dilengkapi dengan pengisi amunisi otomatis (<i>autoloader</i>) seperti Leclerc, atau <a href="/wiki/T-64" title="T-64">T-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/T-72" title="T-72">T-72</a>, <a href="/wiki/T-80" title="T-80">T-80</a> dan <a href="/wiki/T-90" title="T-90">T-90</a> milik <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>. Dengan ini, awak berkurang menjadi 3 orang karena sistem pengisi amunisi otomatis membutuhkan sedikit ruang dibandingkan menggunakan personil manusia. Sehingga ukuran kubah bisa berkurang. <i>Autoloader</i> dapat mengatasi masalah susahnya mengisi amunisi yang sering muncul pada tank dengan personil manusia.<sup id="cite_ref-turret_autoloader_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turret_autoloader-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Berkurangnya ukuran tank meningkatkan keselamatan tank karena sukar ditembak. </p><p>Sebagai senjata pendukung, MBT biasanya menggunakan antara dua hingga empat senapan mesin untuk menyerang pasukan infanteri dan kendaraan ringan musuh. Umumnya senapan mesin sedang seperti <a href="/wiki/FN_MAG" title="FN MAG">FN MAG</a> (termasuk versi <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/M240" title="M240">M240</a>), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PK_machine_gun" class="extiw" title="en:PK machine gun">PK</a>, atau <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinmetall_MG3" class="extiw" title="en:Rheinmetall MG3">Rheinmetall MG3</a>. Beberapa MBT juga menggunakan senapan mesin anti-pesawat berkaliber besar, biasanya kaliber .50 (seperti <a href="/wiki/M2_Browning" title="M2 Browning">M2 Browning</a> atau <a href="/wiki/DShK" title="DShK">DShK</a>) yang dapat digunakan untuk melawan <a href="/wiki/Helikopter" title="Helikopter">helikopter</a> dan pesawat yang terbang rendah. Akan tetapi efektivitasnya rendah jika dibandingkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Artileri" title="Artileri">artileri</a> anti-pesawat khusus. Senapan mesin tank biasanya masing-masing mempunyai amunisi sebanyak 500 dan 3000 butir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pergerakan">Pergerakan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Pergerakan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pergerakan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MBT seperti model tank sebelumnya, bergerak dengan roda tapak (<i>treads</i>) yang memungkinkannya bergerak pada medan yang sulit seperti <a href="/wiki/Pasir" title="Pasir">pasir</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Lumpur" title="Lumpur">lumpur</a>. Roda tapak juga membuat tank dapat melalui sebagian besar rintangan. Akan tetapi penggunaan kendaraan yang menggunakan roda tapak tidak secepat roda biasa pada umumnya. Kecepatan maksimal tank sekitar 65 km/jam (M1 Abrams mampu mencapai 72 km/jam). Berat MBT yang ekstrem (60-70 ton) juga membuat kecepatannya terbatas. MBT biasanya dilengkapi dengan mesin 1.200-1.500 <a href="/wiki/Tenaga_kuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenaga kuda">tenaga kuda</a> (lebih dari 25.000 cc), dengan jarak operasional mendekati 500 km. MBT juga dapat dibuat kedap air, sehingga membuatnya dapat melewati perairan dangkal (5 meter dengan snorkel). </p><p>Angkatan bersenjata Jerman memprioritaskan mobilitas pada Leopard 2, dan membuatnya menjadi MBT tercepat di dunia saat ini.<sup id="cite_ref-leopard_2_mobility_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard_2_mobility-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Challenger_1_suspension.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Challenger_1_suspension.jpg/220px-Challenger_1_suspension.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Challenger_1_suspension.jpg/330px-Challenger_1_suspension.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Challenger_1_suspension.jpg/440px-Challenger_1_suspension.jpg 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="608" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Challenger_1" title="Challenger 1">Challenger 1</a> MBT terdahulu milik Britania Raya</figcaption></figure> <p>MBT bermasalah dengan jalan raya. <i>Treads</i> dapat merusak jalan setelah beberapa kali dilewati. Banyak struktur seperti jembatan tidak memiliki kekuatan yang cukup untuk menampung berat MBT. Pada saat <a href="/wiki/Invasi_Irak_2003" title="Invasi Irak 2003">Invasi Irak 2003</a>, M1 Abrams yang berusaha menyeberangi jembatan untuk menghindari tembakan musuh, terjun ke sungai Eufrat setelah jembatan runtuh.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Walaupun memiliki kemampuan <i>offroad</i> yang sangat bagus, MBT dapat menjadi <i>amobil</i> (tak dapat bergerak) ketika berada di lingkungan berlumpur. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Merkava4paz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Merkava4paz.jpg/220px-Merkava4paz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Merkava4paz.jpg/330px-Merkava4paz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Merkava4paz.jpg/440px-Merkava4paz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Merkava" title="Merkava">Merkava</a> Mark IV milik Israel yang sedang diangkut</figcaption></figure> <p>Tingginya biaya MBT dapat disebabkan oleh sistem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmisi-mesin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmisi-mesin (halaman belum tersedia)">transmisi-mesin</a> performa tinggi. Sistem propulsi juga tidak diproduksi dalam jumlah yang besar demi efisiensi.<sup id="cite_ref-economies_of_scale_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economies_of_scale-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelelahan awak membatasi jarak operasional MBT saat pertempuran. Mengurangi jumlah awak menjadi tiga dan memindahkan seluruh awak dari <i>turret</i> ke <i>hull</i> dapat memberikan waktu tidur bagi awak, dengan sistem pembagian waktu kerja. Sistem ini membutuhkan awak yang serba bisa.<sup id="cite_ref-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pemakaian <a href="/wiki/Pesawat_kargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesawat kargo">pesawat kargo</a> juga digunakan untuk memindahkan MBT saat pertempuran jarak jauh. Ketidakhadirannya jumlah pesawat kargo strategis yang cukup dapat membatasi kecepatan penyebaran MBT.<sup id="cite_ref-C-5_logistics_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-5_logistics-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pesawat yang dapat mengangkut MBT dengan mudah hanya <a href="/w/index.php?title=C-5_Galaxy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-5 Galaxy (halaman belum tersedia)">C-5 Galaxy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-22" title="Antonov An-22">Antonov An-22</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-124" title="Antonov An-124">Antonov An-124</a> yang jumlahnya semakin berkurang. </p><p>Para perencana <a href="/wiki/Militer" title="Militer">militer</a> memperkirakan kemampuan pengangkutan udara MBT tidak akan meningkat pada masa yang akan datang.<sup id="cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-End_of_military_Fordism-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hingga saat ini, belum ada helikopter yang mampu mengangkut MBT.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jalanan dan kereta api banyak digunakan untuk mengangkut MBT ke lokasi di dekat pertempuran, sehingga awak dan MBT dalam keadaan prima untuk bertempur.<sup id="cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-End_of_military_Fordism-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dimana jalan yang dirawat dengan baik memungkinkan kendaraan pengangkut tank dapat digunakan.<sup id="cite_ref-MBT_capability_compared_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MBT_capability_compared-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tugas berat untuk mensuplai kebutuhan MBT biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan truk-truk besar.<sup id="cite_ref-truck_logistics_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-truck_logistics-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ruang_Penyimpanan">Ruang Penyimpanan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Ruang Penyimpanan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ruang Penyimpanan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MBT mempunyai ruang penyimpanan internal dan eksternal. Ruang internal digunakan untuk amunisi. Sementara eksternal untuk logistik, <a href="/wiki/Bahan_bakar" title="Bahan bakar">bahan bakar</a> tambahan, dan keperluan personil.<sup id="cite_ref-external_storage_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-external_storage-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tank <a href="/wiki/Merkava" title="Merkava">Merkava</a> milik <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> dapat menampung awak yang telah dipindahkan dari kendaraan yang telah hancur di dalam kompartemen amunisinya.<sup id="cite_ref-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awak">Awak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Awak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awak"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seleksi dan pelatihan awak MBT dilakukan secara tegas. Para awak harus melakukan tugasnya tanpa kesalahan dan dengan kompak sehingga komandan memilih tim dengan mempertimbangkan kepribadian dan bakat awak tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peran">Peran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Peran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Peran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:M1A1_desant.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/M1A1_desant.JPEG/220px-M1A1_desant.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/M1A1_desant.JPEG/330px-M1A1_desant.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/M1A1_desant.JPEG/440px-M1A1_desant.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>Marinir Amerika Serikat sedang menaiki <a href="/wiki/M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">M1 Abrams</a>, pada 9 April 2003</figcaption></figure> <p>MBT mengisi peran yang disebut “tank universal” di Britania Raya, mengisi hampir seluruh peran di medan <a href="/wiki/Perang" title="Perang">perang</a>. Mereka awalnya dirancang pada Perang Dingin untuk melawan MBT lain.<sup id="cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indirect_fire-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tank ringan, serta <a href="/wiki/Kendaraan_tempur_infanteri" title="Kendaraan tempur infanteri">kendaraan tempur infanteri</a> dan kendaraan tempur lapis baja ringan modern lainnya turut melengkapi dalam peran ekspedisi MBT dan dalam situasi di mana seluruh ancaman utama sudah dinetralkan. Dengan mengoperasikan MBT secara penuh pada peran ekspedisi semacam ini hanya akan mengurangi mobilitas dan menjadi pemborosan. </p><p>Pengintaian menggunakan MBT dilakukan pada daerah dengan intensitas konflik tinggi, di mana pengintaian menggunakan tank ringan tidak cukup efektif karena kadang diperlukan “pertempuran” untuk memperoleh informasi.<sup id="cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-End_of_military_Fordism-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam peperangan asimetris, MBT diterjunkan dalam jumlah kecil tetapi dengan konsentrasi tinggi. MBT hanya menembak target dalam jarak dekat dan membutuhkan dukungan semacam pesawat nirawak (<a href="/wiki/Pesawat_tanpa_awak" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesawat tanpa awak">UAV</a>) untuk pertempuran jarak jauh.<sup id="cite_ref-MBT_concentration_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MBT_concentration-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MBT mempunyai karakteristik yang sangat bervariasi. Mempunyai MBT dengan variasi yang terlalu banyak dapat memberikan kesulitan dalam <a href="/wiki/Taktik" class="mw-disambig" title="Taktik">taktik</a>, pelatihan, dukungan dan perawatan.<sup id="cite_ref-Burden_of_variety_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burden_of_variety-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MBT mempunyai efek <a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">moral</a> positif pada infanteri pendukungnya.<sup id="cite_ref-morale_effect_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morale_effect-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MBT juga memberikan ketakutan tersendiri untuk musuh, yang sering kali mendengar dan merasakan kedatangan MBT.<sup id="cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daftar_tank_tempur_utama">Daftar tank tempur utama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Daftar tank tempur utama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daftar tank tempur utama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_tank_tempur_utama_menurut_generasi" title="Daftar tank tempur utama menurut generasi">Daftar tank tempur utama menurut generasi</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_tank_tempur_utama_menurut_generasi" title="Daftar tank tempur utama menurut generasi">Daftar tank tempur utama menurut generasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_jelajah" title="Tank jelajah">Tank jelajah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_infanteri" title="Tank infanteri">Tank infanteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_ringan" title="Tank ringan">Tank ringan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_medium" title="Tank medium">Tank medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_berat" title="Tank berat">Tank berat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penghancur_tank" title="Penghancur tank">Penghancur tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanket" title="Tanket">Tanket</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-House1984-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-House1984_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">House (1984), <i>Toward Combined Arms Warfare: A Survey of 20th-Century Tactics, Doctrine, and Organization</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTranquiler" class="citation">Tranquiler, Roger, <i>Modern Warfare. A French View of Counterinsurgency, trans. Daniel Lee</i>, <q><i>Pitting a traditional combined armed force trained and equipped to defeat similar military organisations against insurgents reminds one of a pile driver attempting to crush a fly, indefatigably persisting in repeating its efforts</i>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Warfare.+A+French+View+of+Counterinsurgency%2C+trans.+Daniel+Lee&rft.aulast=Tranquiler&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Советская Военная Энциклопедия. Под ред. Гречhhbnvbj ко А.А. - М.: Воениздат, 1976-80 гг., в 8-и томах, статья «Танк» (<i>Soviet Military Encyclopedia</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MBT_generations-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MBT_generations_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Front Cover Thomas W. Zarzecki (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=fhnixhMQqW8C&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Arms diffusion: the spread of military innovations in the international system</i></a>. Psychology Press. hlm. 212. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-415-93514-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-415-93514-8">0-415-93514-8</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arms+diffusion%3A+the+spread+of+military+innovations+in+the+international+system&rft.pages=212&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-415-93514-8&rft.au=Front+Cover+Thomas+W.+Zarzecki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfhnixhMQqW8C%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T-64 manual ("Танк Т-64А. Техническое описание и инструкция по эксплуатации. 1984") menyatakan bahwa T-64 sebagai "main battle" tank, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/T-62" title="T-62">T-62</a> and <a href="/wiki/T-55" class="mw-redirect" title="T-55">T-55</a> yang telah ada sebelumnya dinyatakan sebagai tank medium.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Radioactive_attenuation-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Radioactive_attenuation_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">AcademicJohn Harris and Andre Gsponer (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=mYVNkaEJpz4C&pg=PA47&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=aUEyTrr0Gun_sQL0i8HmCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAzgo#v=onepage&q=%22main%20battle%20tank%22&f=false"><i>Armour defuses the neutron bomb</i></a>. Reed Business Information. hlm. 47<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armour+defuses+the+neutron+bomb&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Reed+Business+Information&rft.date=1986&rft.au=AcademicJohn+Harris+and+Andre+Gsponer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmYVNkaEJpz4C%26pg%3DPA47%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DaUEyTrr0Gun_sQL0i8HmCg%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D4%26ved%3D0CDcQ6AEwAzgo%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522main%2520battle%2520tank%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1980_production-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1980_production_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Academic American encyclopedia , Volume 2 (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=_ZEJAAAAIAAJ&q=%22main+battle+tank%22&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=IQyaTbOfGI-40QG9-6z-Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBDiOAg&safe=active"><i>Academic American encyclopedia , Volume 2</i></a>. Aretê Pub. Co., 1980. hlm. 177<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Academic+American+encyclopedia+%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=Aret%C3%AA+Pub.+Co.%2C+1980&rft.date=1980&rft.au=Academic+American+encyclopedia+%2C+Volume+2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_ZEJAAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DIQyaTbOfGI-40QG9-6z-Cw%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D5%26ved%3D0CEAQ6AEwBDiOAg%26safe%3Dactive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soviet_MBT_reliance-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Soviet_MBT_reliance_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">David C. Isby (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=923fAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Main+battle+tank%22&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=ihaaTYv_G4HegQfKvcC6CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBjjKAg&safe=active"><i>Weapons and tactics of the Soviet Army</i></a>. Jane's<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Weapons+and+tactics+of+the+Soviet+Army&rft.pub=Jane%27s&rft.date=1988&rft.au=David+C.+Isby&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D923fAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DihaaTYv_G4HegQfKvcC6CA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D7%26ved%3D0CEYQ6AEwBjjKAg%26safe%3Dactive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-outperformed-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-outperformed_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=-p8pAQAAIAAJ&q=%22main+battle+tank%22&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=rPyZTcmxIaTh0gGOlrTlCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAjiEAg&safe=active"><i>The Canadian strategic forecast</i></a>. Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies. hlm. 73<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+strategic+forecast&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Canadian+Institute+of+Strategic+Studies&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Canadian+Institute+of+Strategic+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-p8pAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DrPyZTcmxIaTh0gGOlrTlCw%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D3%26ved%3D0CDUQ6AEwAjiEAg%26safe%3Dactive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNab_Gulf_War-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McNab_Gulf_War_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=K7kxs__WNU8C&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Tools of violence: guns, tanks and dirty bombs</i></a>. Osprey Publishing. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tools+of+violence%3A+guns%2C+tanks+and+dirty+bombs&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK7kxs__WNU8C%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Juli 2023">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Komarow, Steven (2005-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2005-03-29-abrams-tank-a_x.htm">"Tanks take a beating in Iraq"</a>. Usatoday.Com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tanks+take+a+beating+in+Iraq&rft.pub=Usatoday.Com&rft.date=2005-03-29&rft.aulast=Komarow&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Firaq%2F2005-03-29-abrams-tank-a_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday2005b-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAToday2005b_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Komarow, Steven (2005-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-03-29-tank-inside_x.htm">"<i>Tanks adapted for urban fights they once avoided</i>"</a>. Usatoday.Com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2010-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tanks+adapted+for+urban+fights+they+once+avoided&rft.pub=Usatoday.Com&rft.date=2005-03-29&rft.aulast=Komarow&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2005-03-29-tank-inside_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-israel_divestitue-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-israel_divestitue_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Anthony H. Cordesman (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=3eZK7cm6pjoC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Arab-Israeli military forces in an era of asymmetric wars</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-275-99186-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-275-99186-5">0-275-99186-5</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arab-Israeli+military+forces+in+an+era+of+asymmetric+wars&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-275-99186-5&rft.au=Anthony+H.+Cordesman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3eZK7cm6pjoC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26source%3Dgbs_ge_summary_r%26cad%3D0%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crew_survivability-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-crew_survivability_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=PS2MEnlD7TAC&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Israel and Syria: the military balance and prospects of war</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. 2008. hlm. 99. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-313-35520-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-313-35520-2">978-0-313-35520-2</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel+and+Syria%3A+the+military+balance+and+prospects+of+war&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-313-35520-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPS2MEnlD7TAC%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indirect_fire-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indirect_fire_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Neville Brown (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=TJrQ1kq9TjEC&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>The geography of human conflict: approaches to survival</i></a>. Sussex Academic Press. hlm. 254. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-84519-169-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-84519-169-6">978-1-84519-169-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+geography+of+human+conflict%3A+approaches+to+survival&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84519-169-6&rft.au=Neville+Brown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTJrQ1kq9TjEC%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Juli 2023">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Light_future-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Light_future_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Stan Krasnoff (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=A3U5otuf2hUC&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>A Claytons Defense</i></a>. Strategic Book Publishing. hlm. 35<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Claytons+Defense&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Strategic+Book+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Stan+Krasnoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA3U5otuf2hUC%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chaallenger_II_last-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chaallenger_II_last_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=om3yy1JoS34C&vq=isbn&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Gender, War, and Militarism: Feminist Perspectives</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. 2010. hlm. 40. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-313-39143-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-313-39143-9">978-0-313-39143-9</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gender%2C+War%2C+and+Militarism%3A+Feminist+Perspectives&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-313-39143-9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dom3yy1JoS34C%26vq%3Disbn%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-armor_1985-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-armor_1985_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=tDnfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22main+battle+tank%22&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=rPyZTcmxIaTh0gGOlrTlCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwADiEAg&safe=active"><i>Avoiding nuclear war: common security as a strategy for the defence of the West</i></a>. Brassey's Defence Publishers. 1985. hlm. 38<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Avoiding+nuclear+war%3A+common+security+as+a+strategy+for+the+defence+of+the+West&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Brassey%27s+Defence+Publishers&rft.date=1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtDnfAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DrPyZTcmxIaTh0gGOlrTlCw%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D1%26ved%3D0CCwQ6AEwADiEAg%26safe%3Dactive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leopard_2_mobility-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leopard_2_mobility_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leopard_2_mobility_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=ro8YAAAAIAAJ&q=%22main+battle+tank%22&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&hl=en&ei=MQ6aTYLeIIiL0QHr_-WHDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAziYAg&safe=active"><i>The Oxford companion to military history</i></a>. Oxford University Press. 2001. hlm. 493, 902<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+companion+to+military+history&rft.pages=493%2C+902&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dro8YAAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DMQ6aTYLeIIiL0QHr_-WHDA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D4%26ved%3D0CEUQ6AEwAziYAg%26safe%3Dactive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gun-missile_failure-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gun-missile_failure_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=off&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&tbs=bks%3A1&q=%22Recoil+was+vicious+to+the%22&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq="><i>African armed forces journal</i></a>. Military Publications Ltd. 1994. hlm. 10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African+armed+forces+journal&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=Military+Publications+Ltd.&rft.date=1994&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fhl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla%253Aen-US%253Aofficial%26tbs%3Dbks%253A1%26q%3D%2522Recoil%2Bwas%2Bvicious%2Bto%2Bthe%2522%26aq%3Df%26aqi%3D%26aql%3D%26oq%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turret_autoloader-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turret_autoloader_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Jeff Groman (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?ei=y7NeTdbpAsL3gAeJ773PDQ&ct=result&id=R7y9k9JfYqoC&dq=autoloader+Main+battle+tank&q=autoloader#search_anchor"><i>Weapons of War</i></a>. Gallery Books. hlm. 126<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Weapons+of+War&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Gallery+Books&rft.date=1985&rft.au=Jeff+Groman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fei%3Dy7NeTdbpAsL3gAeJ773PDQ%26ct%3Dresult%26id%3DR7y9k9JfYqoC%26dq%3Dautoloader%2BMain%2Bbattle%2Btank%26q%3Dautoloader%23search_anchor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-economies_of_scale-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-economies_of_scale_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Adiabatic Diesel Technology (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=BWErAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>A review of the state of the art and projected technology of low heat rejection engines: a report</i></a>. National Academies. hlm. 108<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+review+of+the+state+of+the+art+and+projected+technology+of+low+heat+rejection+engines%3A+a+report&rft.pages=108&rft.pub=National+Academies&rft.date=1987&rft.au=National+Research+Council+%28U.S.%29.+Committee+on+Adiabatic+Diesel+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBWErAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARMOR:three/two_man_crew_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Robin Fletche (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knox.army.mil/center/ArmorMag/backissues/1990s/1995/Mj95/3fletch95.pdf">"The Crewing and Configuration of the Future Main Battle Tank"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. ARMOR<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Crewing+and+Configuration+of+the+Future+Main+Battle+Tank&rft.pub=ARMOR&rft.date=1995&rft.au=Robin+Fletche&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knox.army.mil%2Fcenter%2FArmorMag%2Fbackissues%2F1990s%2F1995%2FMj95%2F3fletch95.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Mei 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C-5_logistics-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C-5_logistics_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=vnHfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22A+main+battle+tank+is%22&dq=%22A+main+battle+tank+is%22&hl=en&ei=yC-ZTda5Ks650QGv2b3qCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CFoQ6AEwBw"><i>British defence: a blueprint for reform</i></a>. Brasseys Defence. 1987. hlm. 126<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+defence%3A+a+blueprint+for+reform&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Brasseys+Defence&rft.date=1987&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvnHfAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522A%2Bmain%2Bbattle%2Btank%2Bis%2522%26dq%3D%2522A%2Bmain%2Bbattle%2Btank%2Bis%2522%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DyC-ZTda5Ks650QGv2b3qCw%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D8%26ved%3D0CFoQ6AEwBw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-End_of_military_Fordism-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-End_of_military_Fordism_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Mary Kaldor, Basker Vashee, World Institute for Development Economics Research (1998). [Restructuring the Global Military Sector: The end of military Fordism <i>Restructuring the Global Military Sector: The end of military Fordism</i>]<span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span>. Continuum International Publishing Group. hlm. 108. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-85567-428-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-85567-428-9">1-85567-428-9</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Restructuring+the+Global+Military+Sector%3A+The+end+of+military+Fordism&rft.pages=108&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-85567-428-9&rft.au=Mary+Kaldor%2C+Basker+Vashee%2C+World+Institute+for+Development+Economics+Research&rft_id=Restructuring+the+Global+Military+Sector%3A+The+end+of+military+Fordism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lebih dari satu parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|pages=</code> dan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|page=</code> yang digunakan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#redundant_parameters" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MBT_capability_compared-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MBT_capability_compared_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Brian MacDonald (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=F9NEecs7ACIC&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Military spending in developing countries: how much is too much?</i></a>. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. hlm. 136. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-88629-314-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-88629-314-6">0-88629-314-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+spending+in+developing+countries%3A+how+much+is+too+much%3F&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+Press+-+MQUP&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-88629-314-6&rft.au=Brian+MacDonald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF9NEecs7ACIC%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-truck_logistics-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-truck_logistics_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Michael Green (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=bEUduMN4u8gC&dq=%22A+main+battle+tank+is%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>War Stories of the Tankers: American Armored Combat, 1918 to Today</i></a>. Zenith Imprint. hlm. 281. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7603-3297-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7603-3297-9">978-0-7603-3297-9</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+Stories+of+the+Tankers%3A+American+Armored+Combat%2C+1918+to+Today&rft.pages=281&rft.pub=Zenith+Imprint&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7603-3297-9&rft.au=Michael+Green&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbEUduMN4u8gC%26dq%3D%2522A%2Bmain%2Bbattle%2Btank%2Bis%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-external_storage-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-external_storage_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">David Miller (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Es5Pxu8AGqcC&dq=%22A+main+battle+tank+is%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>The illustrated directory of tanks of the world</i></a>. Zenith Imprint. hlm. 384. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7603-0892-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7603-0892-6">0-7603-0892-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+illustrated+directory+of+tanks+of+the+world&rft.pages=384&rft.pub=Zenith+Imprint&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-7603-0892-6&rft.au=David+Miller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEs5Pxu8AGqcC%26dq%3D%2522A%2Bmain%2Bbattle%2Btank%2Bis%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Juli 2023">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MBT_concentration-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MBT_concentration_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=defense&id=news/dti/2011/04/01/DT_04_01_2011_p43-298025.xml&headline=New%20Designs%20Suit%20Tanks%20For%20Asymmetric%20War">"New Designs Suit Tanks For Asymmetric War"</a>. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Designs+Suit+Tanks+For+Asymmetric+War&rft.pub=The+McGraw-Hill+Companies%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviationweek.com%2Faw%2Fgeneric%2Fstory_channel.jsp%3Fchannel%3Ddefense%26id%3Dnews%2Fdti%2F2011%2F04%2F01%2FDT_04_01_2011_p43-298025.xml%26headline%3DNew%2520Designs%2520Suit%2520Tanks%2520For%2520Asymmetric%2520War&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=, |year= / |date= mismatch</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burden_of_variety-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Burden_of_variety_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=CGEJvqjn-1MC&dq=%22Main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Saudi Arabia Enters the Twenty-first Century: The military and international security dimensions</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2003. hlm. 140<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+Enters+the+Twenty-first+Century%3A+The+military+and+international+security+dimensions&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCGEJvqjn-1MC%26dq%3D%2522Main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-morale_effect-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-morale_effect_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Front Cover Stanley Sandler (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=L_xxOM85bD8C&dq=%22main+battle+tank%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Ground warfare: an international encyclopedia, Volume 1</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. hlm. 59. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-57607-344-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-57607-344-0">1-57607-344-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ground+warfare%3A+an+international+encyclopedia%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-57607-344-0&rft.au=Front+Cover+Stanley+Sandler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL_xxOM85bD8C%26dq%3D%2522main%2Bbattle%2Btank%2522%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATank+tempur+utama" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&oldid=23778608">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tank_tempur_utama&oldid=23778608</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tank_tempur_utama" title="Kategori:Tank tempur utama">Tank tempur utama</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kendaraan_tempur_lapis_baja" title="Kategori:Kendaraan tempur lapis baja">Kendaraan tempur lapis baja</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pranala_luar_nonaktif" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pranala luar nonaktif">Artikel dengan pranala luar nonaktif</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pranala_luar_nonaktif_permanen" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pranala luar nonaktif permanen">Artikel dengan pranala luar nonaktif permanen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_memiliki_parameter_duplikat" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang memiliki parameter duplikat">Halaman dengan rujukan yang memiliki parameter duplikat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_galat_URL" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan galat URL">Halaman dengan galat URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Galat_CS1:_tanggal" title="Kategori:Galat CS1: tanggal">Galat CS1: tanggal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pernyataan_yang_tidak_disertai_rujukan" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan">Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pernyataan_yang_tidak_disertai_rujukan_Juli_2023" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan Juli 2023">Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan Juli 2023</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 3 Juli 2023, pukul 04.07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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