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continuous-installment option</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: continuous-installment option"> <meta name="keywords" content="continuous-installment option"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="continuous-installment option"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 914</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: continuous-installment option</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">914</span> Derivation of Fractional Black-Scholes Equations Driven by Fractional G-Brownian Motion and Their Application in European Option Pricing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changhong%20Guo">Changhong Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaomei%20Fang"> Shaomei Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20He"> Yong He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, fractional Black-Scholes models for the European option pricing were established based on the fractional G-Brownian motion (fGBm), which generalizes the concepts of the classical Brownian motion, fractional Brownian motion and the G-Brownian motion, and that can be used to be a tool for considering the long range dependence and uncertain volatility for the financial markets simultaneously. A generalized fractional Black-Scholes equation (FBSE) was derived by using the Taylor’s series of fractional order and the theory of absence of arbitrage. Finally, some explicit option pricing formulas for the European call option and put option under the FBSE were also solved, which extended the classical option pricing formulas given by F. Black and M. Scholes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20option%20pricing" title="European option pricing">European option pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20Black-Scholes%20equations" title=" fractional Black-Scholes equations"> fractional Black-Scholes equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20g-Brownian%20motion" title=" fractional g-Brownian motion"> fractional g-Brownian motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taylor%27s%20series%20of%20fractional%20order" title=" Taylor's series of fractional order"> Taylor's series of fractional order</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertain%20volatility" title=" uncertain volatility"> uncertain volatility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127107/derivation-of-fractional-black-scholes-equations-driven-by-fractional-g-brownian-motion-and-their-application-in-european-option-pricing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">913</span> The Non-Uniqueness of Partial Differential Equations Options Price Valuation Formula for Heston Stochastic Volatility Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Ibrahim">H. D. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chinwenyi"> H. C. Chinwenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Danjuma"> T. Danjuma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An option is defined as a financial contract that provides the holder the right but not the obligation to buy or sell a specified quantity of an underlying asset in the future at a fixed price (called a strike price) on or before the expiration date of the option. This paper examined two approaches for derivation of Partial Differential Equation (PDE) options price valuation formula for the Heston stochastic volatility model. We obtained various PDE option price valuation formulas using the riskless portfolio method and the application of Feynman-Kac theorem respectively. From the results obtained, we see that the two derived PDEs for Heston model are distinct and non-unique. This establishes the fact of incompleteness in the model for option price valuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Black-Scholes%20partial%20differential%20equations" title="Black-Scholes partial differential equations">Black-Scholes partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ito%20process" title=" Ito process"> Ito process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20price%20valuation" title=" option price valuation"> option price valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equations" title=" partial differential equations"> partial differential equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131307/the-non-uniqueness-of-partial-differential-equations-options-price-valuation-formula-for-heston-stochastic-volatility-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">912</span> The Martingale Options Price Valuation for European Puts Using Stochastic Differential Equation Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chinwenyi">H. C. Chinwenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Ibrahim"> H. D. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Ahmed"> F. A. Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern financial mathematics, valuing derivatives such as options is often a tedious task. This is simply because their fair and correct prices in the future are often probabilistic. This paper examines three different Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) models in finance; the Constant Elasticity of Variance (CEV) model, the Balck-Karasinski model, and the Heston model. The various Martingales option price valuation formulas for these three models were obtained using the replicating portfolio method. Also, the numerical solution of the derived Martingales options price valuation equations for the SDEs models was carried out using the Monte Carlo method which was implemented using MATLAB. Furthermore, results from the numerical examples using published data from the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE), all share index data show the effect of increase in the underlying asset value (stock price) on the value of the European Put Option for these models. From the results obtained, we see that an increase in the stock price yields a decrease in the value of the European put option price. Hence, this guides the option holder in making a quality decision by not exercising his right on the option. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20martingale%20measure" title="equivalent martingale measure">equivalent martingale measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20put%20option" title=" European put option"> European put option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=girsanov%20theorem" title=" girsanov theorem"> girsanov theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martingales" title=" martingales"> martingales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo%20method" title=" monte carlo method"> monte carlo method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20price%20valuation%20formula" title=" option price valuation formula"> option price valuation formula</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111011/the-martingale-options-price-valuation-for-european-puts-using-stochastic-differential-equation-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">911</span> Implied Adjusted Volatility by Leland Option Pricing Models: Evidence from Australian Index Options</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimi%20Hafizah%20Abdullah">Mimi Hafizah Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanani%20Farhah%20Harun"> Hanani Farhah Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nik%20Ruzni%20Nik%20Idris"> Nik Ruzni Nik Idris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the implied volatility as an important factor in financial decision-making, in particular in option pricing valuation, and also the given fact that the pricing biases of Leland option pricing models and the implied volatility structure for the options are related, this study considers examining the implied adjusted volatility smile patterns and term structures in the S&P/ASX 200 index options using the different Leland option pricing models. The examination of the implied adjusted volatility smiles and term structures in the Australian index options market covers the global financial crisis in the mid-2007. The implied adjusted volatility was found to escalate approximately triple the rate prior the crisis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implied%20adjusted%20volatility" title="implied adjusted volatility">implied adjusted volatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis" title=" financial crisis"> financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leland%20option%20pricing%20models" title=" Leland option pricing models"> Leland option pricing models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Australian%20index%20options" title=" Australian index options"> Australian index options</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9747/implied-adjusted-volatility-by-leland-option-pricing-models-evidence-from-australian-index-options" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">910</span> Basket Option Pricing under Jump Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Safdari-Vaighani">Ali Safdari-Vaighani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pricing financial contracts on several underlying assets received more and more interest as a demand for complex derivatives. The option pricing under asset price involving jump diffusion processes leads to the partial integral differential equation (PIDEs), which is an extension of the Black-Scholes PDE with a new integral term. The aim of this paper is to show how basket option prices in the jump diffusion models, mainly on the Merton model, can be computed using RBF based approximation methods. For a test problem, the RBF-PU method is applied for numerical solution of partial integral differential equation arising from the two-asset European vanilla put options. The numerical result shows the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basket%20option" title="basket option">basket option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jump%20diffusion" title=" jump diffusion"> jump diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Eradial%20basis%20function" title=" ‎radial basis function"> ‎radial basis function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RBF-PUM" title=" RBF-PUM"> RBF-PUM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67152/basket-option-pricing-under-jump-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">909</span> Financial Assessment of the Hard Coal Mining in the Chosen Region in the Czech Republic: Real Options Methodology Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miroslav%20%C4%8Cul%C3%ADk">Miroslav Čulík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Gurn%C3%BD"> Petr Gurný</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is aimed at the financial assessment of the hard coal mining in a given region by real option methodology application. Hard coal mining in this mine makes net loss for the owner during the last years due to the long-term unfavourable mining conditions and significant drop in the coal prices during the last years. Management is going to shut down the operation and abandon the project to reduce the loss of the company. The goal is to assess whether the shutting down the operation is the only and correct solution of the problem. Due to the uncertainty in the future hard coal price evolution, the production might be again restarted if the price raises enough to cover the cost of the production. For the assessment, real option methodology is applied, which captures two important aspect of the financial decision-making: risk and flexibility. The paper is structured as follows: first, current state is described and problem is analysed. Next, methodology of real options is described. At last, project is evaluated by applying real option methodology. The results are commented and recommendations are provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20option" title="real option">real option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment" title=" investment"> investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20to%20abandon" title=" option to abandon"> option to abandon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20to%20shut%20down%20and%20restart" title=" option to shut down and restart"> option to shut down and restart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19375/financial-assessment-of-the-hard-coal-mining-in-the-chosen-region-in-the-czech-republic-real-options-methodology-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">908</span> An Application of Bidirectional Option Contract to Coordinate a Dyadic Fashion Apparel Supply Chain </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Adhikari">Arnab Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Bisi"> Arnab Bisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the inception, the fashion apparel supply chain is facing the problem of high demand uncertainty. Often the demand volatility compels the corresponding supply chain member to incur substantial holding cost and opportunity cost in case of the overproduction and the underproduction scenario, respectively. It leads to an uncoordinated fashion apparel supply chain. There exist several scholarly works to achieve coordination in the fashion apparel supply chain by employing the different contracts such as the buyback contract, the revenue sharing contract, the option contract, and so on. Specially, the application of option contract in the apparel industry becomes prevalent with the changing global scenario. Exploration of existing literature related to the option contract reveals that most of the research works concentrate on the one direction demand adjustment i.e. either to match the demand upwards or downwards. Here, we present a holistic approach to coordinate a dyadic fashion apparel supply chain comprising one manufacturer and one retailer with the help of bidirectional option contract. We show a combination of wholesale price contract and bidirectional option contract can coordinate the under expanded supply chain. We also propose a framework that captures the variation of the apparel retailer’s order quantity and the apparel manufacturer’s production quantity with the changing exercise price for the different ranges of the option price. We analytically explore that corresponding cost parameters of the supply chain members along with the nature of demand distribution play an instrumental role in the coordination as well as the retailer’s ordering decision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion%20apparel%20supply%20chain" title="fashion apparel supply chain">fashion apparel supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20coordination" title=" supply chain coordination"> supply chain coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wholesale%20price%20contract" title=" wholesale price contract"> wholesale price contract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20option%20contract" title=" bidirectional option contract"> bidirectional option contract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38689/an-application-of-bidirectional-option-contract-to-coordinate-a-dyadic-fashion-apparel-supply-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">907</span> Ways to Spend Time at an Airport before Boarding a Flight</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amol%20Parikh">Amol Parikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this study is to understand the most preferred ways to spend time at an airport while waiting for a flight to board. Survey was done on 1639 people of the United States of America. In the overall data, it was found that majority people always preferred spending time doing something in their mobile phone. Second most preferred option was reading something, followed by wanting a companion to talk to or to eat/drink. Least preferred option was to eat/drink alone. Overall data was then filtered based on age, gender, income and urban density groups. Percentage of people wanting to use a mobile phone was highest in the age group of 18-24. People aged 45 and above chose reading as the most preferred option. In any of the ranges of income, gender or urban density using mobile phone was the most preferred option. Conclusion of this study is that introducing a mobile app to search for a companion at an airport to do like minded activity would get noticed by majority travelers and would be a business idea worth trying as wanting a companion to talk or eat/drink with is not the least preferred option. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waiting%20for%20a%20flight" title="waiting for a flight">waiting for a flight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airport" title=" airport"> airport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20phone" title=" mobile phone"> mobile phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=companion" title=" companion"> companion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50877/ways-to-spend-time-at-an-airport-before-boarding-a-flight" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">906</span> Econophysics: The Use of Entropy Measures in Finance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sheraz">Muhammad Sheraz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasile%20Preda"> Vasile Preda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Dedu"> Silvia Dedu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concepts of econophysics are usually used to solve problems related to uncertainty and nonlinear dynamics. In the theory of option pricing the risk neutral probabilities play very important role. The application of entropy in finance can be regarded as the extension of both information entropy and the probability entropy. It can be an important tool in various financial methods such as measure of risk, portfolio selection, option pricing and asset pricing. Gulko applied Entropy Pricing Theory (EPT) for pricing stock options and introduced an alternative framework of Black-Scholes model for pricing European stock option. In this article, we present solutions to maximum entropy problems based on Tsallis, Weighted-Tsallis, Kaniadakis, Weighted-Kaniadakies entropies, to obtain risk-neutral densities. We have also obtained the value of European call and put in this framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20pricing" title="option pricing">option pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Black-Scholes%20model" title=" Black-Scholes model"> Black-Scholes model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsallis%20entropy" title=" Tsallis entropy"> Tsallis entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaniadakis%20entropy" title=" Kaniadakis entropy"> Kaniadakis entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20entropy" title=" weighted entropy"> weighted entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-neutral%20density" title=" risk-neutral density"> risk-neutral density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55546/econophysics-the-use-of-entropy-measures-in-finance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">905</span> Cuckoo Search Optimization for Black Scholes Option Pricing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manas%20Shah">Manas Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Black Scholes option pricing model is one of the most important concepts in modern world of computational finance. However, its practical use can be challenging as one of the input parameters must be estimated; implied volatility of the underlying security. The more precisely these values are estimated, the more accurate their corresponding estimates of theoretical option prices would be. Here, we present a novel model based on Cuckoo Search Optimization (CS) which finds more precise estimates of implied volatility than Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20scholes%20model" title="black scholes model">black scholes model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cuckoo%20search%20optimization" title=" cuckoo search optimization"> cuckoo search optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38259/cuckoo-search-optimization-for-black-scholes-option-pricing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">904</span> Random Walks and Option Pricing for European and American Options</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Leduc">Guillaume Leduc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we describe a broad setting under which the error of the approximation can be quantified, controlled, and for which convergence occurs at a speed of n⁻¹ for European and American options. We describe how knowledge of the error allows for arbitrarily fast acceleration of the convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20walk%20approximation" title="random walk approximation">random walk approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20and%20American%20options" title=" European and American options"> European and American options</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rate%20of%20convergence" title=" rate of convergence"> rate of convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20pricing" title=" option pricing"> option pricing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23942/random-walks-and-option-pricing-for-european-and-american-options" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">903</span> Asymmetric Relation between Earnings and Returns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungmin%20Chee">Seungmin Chee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates which of the two arguments, conservatism or liquidation option, is a true underlying driver of the asymmetric slope coefficient result regarding the association between earnings and returns. The analysis of the relation between earnings and returns in four mutually exclusive settings segmented by ‘profits vs. losses’ and ‘positive returns vs. negative returns’ suggests that liquidation option rather than conservatism is likely to cause the asymmetric slope coefficient result. Furthermore, this paper documents the temporal changes between Basu period (1963-1990) and post-Basu period (1990-2005). Although no significant change in degree of conservatism or value relevance of losses is reported, stronger negative relation between losses and positive returns is observed in the post-Basu period. Separate regression analysis of each quintile based on the rankings of price to sales ratio and book to market ratio suggests that the strong negative relation is driven by growth firms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservatism" title="conservatism">conservatism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings" title=" earnings"> earnings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidation%20option" title=" liquidation option"> liquidation option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=returns" title=" returns"> returns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25149/asymmetric-relation-between-earnings-and-returns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">902</span> Passive and Active Spatial Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper with Two Tuning Frequencies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20T.%20A.%20Mohammed">W. T. A. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Eltaeb"> M. Eltaeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Kashani"> R. Kashani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The first bending modes of tall asymmetric structures in the two lateral X and Y-directions have two different natural frequencies. To add tuned damping to these bending modes, one needs to either a) use two pendulum-tuned mass dampers (PTMDs) with one tuning frequency, each PTMD targeting one of the bending modes, or b) use one PTMD with two tuning frequencies (one in each lateral directions). Option (a), being more massive, requiring more space, and being more expensive, is less attractive than option (b). Considering that the tuning frequency of a pendulum depends mainly on the pendulum length, one way of realizing option (b) is by constraining the swinging length of the pendulum in one direction but not in the other; such PTMD is dubbed passive Bi-PTMD. Alternatively, option (b) can be realized by actively setting the tuning frequencies of the PTMD in the two directions. In this work, accurate physical models of passive Bi-PTMD and active PTMD are developed and incorporated into the numerical model of a tall asymmetric structure. The model of PTMDs plus structure is used for a)synthesizing such PTMDs for particular applications and b)evaluating their damping effectiveness in mitigating the dynamic lateral responses of their target asymmetric structures, perturbed by wind load in X and Y-directions. Depending on how elaborate the control scheme is, the active PTMD can either be made to yield the same damping effectiveness as the passive Bi-PTMD of the same size or the passive Bi-TMD twice as massive as the active PTMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20tuned%20mass%20damper" title="active tuned mass damper">active tuned mass damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-rise%20building" title=" high-rise building"> high-rise building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-frequency%20tuning" title=" multi-frequency tuning"> multi-frequency tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20control" title=" vibration control"> vibration control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164535/passive-and-active-spatial-pendulum-tuned-mass-damper-with-two-tuning-frequencies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">901</span> Cultivation of Stenocereus Spp. as an Option to Reduce Crop Loss Problems in High Marginalization States in Mexico</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Castro-Alvarez">Abraham Castro-Alvarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luisaldo%20Sandate-Flores"> Luisaldo Sandate-Flores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberto%20Parra-Saldivar"> Roberto Parra-Saldivar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The losing of crops during the whole production process is a problem that is affecting farmers in the whole world, as climate change affects the weather behavior. Stenocereus spp. is a tropical, exotic and endemic columnar cacti, it produces a colored and expensive fruit known how “pitaya”. The quality and value of the fruit, these species represent an attractive option for economical development in arid and semi-arid regions. This fruits are produced in Mexico, mainly in 4 regions, Mixteca Oaxaca-Puebla, Michoacan, Sinaloa-Sonora, Jalisco-Zacatecas. Pitaya can be an option to try mixed crop in this states due to the resistance to hard weather conditions. And also because of the marginalization problems that exist in these townships. As defined by the Population National Council it consists in the absence of development opportunities and the lack of capacity to get them. According to an analysis done in EsriPress ArcGis 10.1 the potential area in the country is almost the half of the territory being the total area of Mexico 1,965,249 km2 and the area with potential to produce pitaya 960,527 km2. This area covers part of the most affected townships that also have a few options of maize varieties making even harder the production of maize and exposing farmers to crop losing if conditions are good enough. Making pitaya a good option for these farmers to have an economic backup in their productions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title="maize">maize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitaya" title=" pitaya"> pitaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rain%20fed" title=" rain fed"> rain fed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stenocereus" title=" Stenocereus"> Stenocereus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27410/cultivation-of-stenocereus-spp-as-an-option-to-reduce-crop-loss-problems-in-high-marginalization-states-in-mexico" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27410.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">900</span> Technology Valuation of Unconventional Gas R&D Project Using Real Option Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Yoon">Young Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinsoo%20Kim"> Jinsoo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) in all industry is growing under industry 4.0. Many oil companies also are increasingly adopting ICT to improve the efficiency of existing operations, take more accurate and quicker decision making and reduce entire cost by optimization. It is true that ICT is playing an important role in the process of unconventional oil and gas development and companies must take advantage of ICT to gain competitive advantage. In this study, real option approach has been applied to Unconventional gas R&D project to evaluate ICT of them. Many unconventional gas reserves such as shale gas and coal-bed methane(CBM) has developed due to technological improvement and high energy price. There are many uncertainties in unconventional development on the three stage(Exploration, Development, Production). The traditional quantitative benefits-cost method, such as net present value(NPV) is not sufficient for capturing ICT value. We attempted to evaluate the ICT valuation by applying the compound option model; the model is applied to real CBM project case, showing how it consider uncertainties. Variables are treated as uncertain and a Monte Carlo simulation is performed to consider variables effect. Acknowledgement—This work was supported by the Energy Efficiency & Resources Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (No. 20152510101880) and by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-205S1A3A2046684). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title="information and communication technologies">information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D" title=" R&D"> R&D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20option" title=" real option"> real option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20gas" title=" unconventional gas "> unconventional gas </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67560/technology-valuation-of-unconventional-gas-rd-project-using-real-option-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">899</span> Robust Numerical Scheme for Pricing American Options under Jump Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Alrabeei">Salah Alrabeei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Yousuf"> Mohammad Yousuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of option pricing theory is to help the investors to manage their money, enhance returns and control their financial future by theoretically valuing their options. However, most of the option pricing models have no analytical solution. Furthermore, not all the numerical methods are efficient to solve these models because they have nonsmoothing payoffs or discontinuous derivatives at the exercise price. In this paper, we solve the American option under jump diffusion models by using efficient time-dependent numerical methods. several techniques are integrated to reduced the overcome the computational complexity. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is used as a matrix-vector multiplication solver, which reduces the complexity from O(M2) into O(M logM). Partial fraction decomposition technique is applied to rational approximation schemes to overcome the complexity of inverting polynomial of matrices. The proposed method is easy to implement on serial or parallel versions. Numerical results are presented to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20differential%20equations" title="integral differential equations">integral differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jump%E2%80%93diffusion%20model" title=" jump–diffusion model"> jump–diffusion model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=American%20options" title=" American options"> American options</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rational%20approximation" title=" rational approximation"> rational approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125266/robust-numerical-scheme-for-pricing-american-options-under-jump-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">898</span> Porul: Option Generation and Selection and Scoring Algorithms for a Tamil Flash Card Game</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anitha%20Narasimhan">Anitha Narasimhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aarthy%20Anandan"> Aarthy Anandan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhan%20Karky"> Madhan Karky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20N.%20Subalalitha"> C. N. Subalalitha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Games can be the excellent tools for teaching a language. There are few e-learning games in Indian languages like word scrabble, cross word, quiz games etc., which were developed mainly for educational purposes. This paper proposes a Tamil word game called, “Porul”, which focuses on education as well as on players’ thinking and decision-making skills. Porul is a multiple choice based quiz game, in which the players attempt to answer questions correctly from the given multiple options that are generated using a unique algorithm called the Option Selection algorithm which explores the semantics of the question in various dimensions namely, synonym, rhyme and Universal Networking Language semantic category. This kind of semantic exploration of the question not only increases the complexity of the game but also makes it more interesting. The paper also proposes a Scoring Algorithm which allots a score based on the popularity score of the question word. The proposed game has been tested using 20,000 Tamil words. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Porul%20game" title="Porul game">Porul game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamil%20word%20game" title=" Tamil word game"> Tamil word game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20selection" title=" option selection"> option selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flash%20card" title=" flash card"> flash card</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scoring" title=" scoring"> scoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm" title=" algorithm"> algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81359/porul-option-generation-and-selection-and-scoring-algorithms-for-a-tamil-flash-card-game" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">897</span> Corridor Densification Option as a Means for Restructuring South African Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20J.%20B.%20van%20Niekerk">T. J. B. van Niekerk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Viviers"> J. Viviers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20J.%20Cilliers"> E. J. Cilliers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Substantial efforts were made in South Africa, stemming from a historic political change in 1994, to remedy the inequality and injustice, resulting from a dispensation where spatial patterns were largely based on racial segregation. Spatially distorted patterns predominantly originated from colonialism in the beginning of the twentieth century, ensuing a physical imprint on South African cities relating to architecture, urban layout and planning, frequently reflecting European norms and standards. As a consequence of physical and land use barriers, and well-established dual cities, attempts to address spatial injustices, apart from limited occurrences in metropolitan areas, gravely failed. Interception of incessant segregated growth, combined with urban sprawl is becoming increasingly evident. Intervention is a prerequisite to duly address the impact of colonial planning and its legacy still prevalent in most urban areas. During 1998, the National Department of Transport prepared the “Moving South Africa” strategy; presenting the Corridor Densification Option Model for the first time, as it was deemed more fitting to the existing South African urban tenure patterns than more familiar planning approaches. Urban planners are progressively contemplating the Corridor Densification Option Model and its attributes, besides its transportation emphasis, as an alternative approach to address spatial imbalances and to attain the physical integration of contemporary urban forms. In attaining a clearer understanding of the Corridor Densification Option Model, its rationale was analysed in greater detail. This research further investigated the provisional applications of the model in spatially segregated cities and illustrated that viable options are present to effectively employ it. Research revealed that the application of the model will, however, be dependent on the occurrence of specific characteristics in spatially segregated cities to warrant augmentation thereof. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corridor%20densification%20option%20model" title="corridor densification option model">corridor densification option model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatially%20segregated%20settlements" title=" spatially segregated settlements"> spatially segregated settlements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20restructuring" title=" urban restructuring"> urban restructuring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71393/corridor-densification-option-as-a-means-for-restructuring-south-african-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">896</span> The Hidden Role of Interest Rate Risks in Carry Trades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingwen%20Shi">Jingwen Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Wu"> Qi Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the role played interest rate risk in carry trade return in order to understand the forward premium puzzle. In this study, our goal is to investigate to what extent carry trade return is indeed due to compensation for risk taking and, more important, to reveal the nature of these risks. Using option data not only on exchange rates but also on interest rate swaps (swaptions), our first finding is that, besides the consensus currency risks, interest rate risks also contribute a non-negligible portion to the carry trade return. What strikes us is our second finding. We find that large downside risks of future exchange rate movements are, in fact, priced significantly in option market on interest rates. The role played by interest rate risk differs structurally from the currency risk. There is a unique premium associated with interest rate risk, though seemingly small in size, which compensates the tail risks, the left tail to be precise. On the technical front, our study relies on accurately retrieving implied distributions from currency options and interest rate swaptions simultaneously, especially the tail components of the two. For this purpose, our major modeling work is to build a new international asset pricing model where we use an orthogonal setup for pricing kernels and specify non-Gaussian dynamics in order to capture three sets of option skew accurately and consistently across currency options and interest rate swaptions, domestic and foreign, within one model. Our results open a door for studying forward premium anomaly through implied information from interest rate derivative market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carry%20trade" title="carry trade">carry trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20premium%20anomaly" title=" forward premium anomaly"> forward premium anomaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FX%20option" title=" FX option"> FX option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest%20rate%20swaption" title=" interest rate swaption"> interest rate swaption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implied%20volatility%20skew" title=" implied volatility skew"> implied volatility skew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncovered%20interest%20rate%20parity" title=" uncovered interest rate parity"> uncovered interest rate parity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37679/the-hidden-role-of-interest-rate-risks-in-carry-trades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">895</span> Comparison Study of Capital Protection Risk Management Strategies: Constant Proportion Portfolio Insurance versus Volatility Target Based Investment Strategy with a Guarantee</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Biedova">Olga Biedova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Steblovskaya"> Victoria Steblovskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Wallbaum"> Kai Wallbaum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current capital market environment, investors constantly face the challenge of finding a successful and stable investment mechanism. Highly volatile equity markets and extremely low bond returns bring about the demand for sophisticated yet reliable risk management strategies. Investors are looking for risk management solutions to efficiently protect their investments. This study compares a classic Constant Proportion Portfolio Insurance (CPPI) strategy to a Volatility Target portfolio insurance (VTPI). VTPI is an extension of the well-known Option Based Portfolio Insurance (OBPI) to the case where an embedded option is linked not to a pure risky asset such as e.g., S&P 500, but to a Volatility Target (VolTarget) portfolio. VolTarget strategy is a recently emerged rule-based dynamic asset allocation mechanism where the portfolio’s volatility is kept under control. As a result, a typical VTPI strategy allows higher participation rates in the market due to reduced embedded option prices. In addition, controlled volatility levels eliminate the volatility spread in option pricing, one of the frequently cited reasons for OBPI strategy fall behind CPPI. The strategies are compared within the framework of the stochastic dominance theory based on numerical simulations, rather than on the restrictive assumption of the Black-Scholes type dynamics of the underlying asset. An extended comparative quantitative analysis of performances of the above investment strategies in various market scenarios and within a range of input parameter values is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPPI" title="CPPI">CPPI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portfolio%20insurance" title=" portfolio insurance"> portfolio insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20dominance" title=" stochastic dominance"> stochastic dominance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volatility%20target" title=" volatility target"> volatility target</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83288/comparison-study-of-capital-protection-risk-management-strategies-constant-proportion-portfolio-insurance-versus-volatility-target-based-investment-strategy-with-a-guarantee" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">894</span> Modeling Environmental, Social, and Governance Financial Assets with Lévy Subordinated Processes and Option Pricing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abootaleb%20Shirvani">Abootaleb Shirvani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlozar%20Rachev"> Svetlozar Rachev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ESG stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance and is a non-financial factor that investors use to specify material risks and growth opportunities in their analysis process. ESG ratings provide a quantitative measure of socially responsible investment, and it is essential to incorporate ESG ratings when modeling the dynamics of asset returns. In this article, we propose a triple subordinated Lévy process for incorporating numeric ESG ratings into dynamic asset pricing theory to model the time series properties of the stock returns. The motivation for introducing three layers of subordinator is twofold. The first two layers of subordinator capture the skew and fat-tailed properties of the stock return distribution that cannot be explained well by the existing Lévy subordinated model. The third layer of the subordinator introduces ESG valuation and incorporates numeric ESG ratings into dynamic asset pricing theory and option pricing. We employ the triple subordinator Lévy model for developing the ESG-valued stock return model, derive the implied ESG score surfaces for Microsoft, Apple, and Amazon stock returns, and compare the shape of the ESG implied surface scores for these stocks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESG%20scores" title="ESG scores">ESG scores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20asset%20pricing%20theory" title=" dynamic asset pricing theory"> dynamic asset pricing theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20subordinated%20modeling" title=" multiple subordinated modeling"> multiple subordinated modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A9vy%20processes" title=" Lévy processes"> Lévy processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20pricing" title=" option pricing"> option pricing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160773/modeling-environmental-social-and-governance-financial-assets-with-levy-subordinated-processes-and-option-pricing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">893</span> Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Ranking Drinking Water Supply Options (Case Study: Tehran City)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Akhlaghi">Mohsen Akhlaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Ebrahimi"> Tahereh Ebrahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the increasing demand for water and limited resources, there is a possibility of a water crisis in the not-so-distant future. Therefore, to prevent this crisis, other options for drinking water supply should be examined. In this regard, the application of multi-criteria decision-making methods in various aspects of water resource management and planning has always been of great interest to researchers. In this report, six options for supplying drinking water to Tehran City were considered. Then, experts' opinions were collected through matrices and questionnaires, and using the TOPSIS method, which is one of the types of multi-criteria decision-making methods, they were calculated and analyzed. In the TOPSIS method, the options were ranked by calculating their proximity to the ideal (Ci). The closer the numerical value of Ci is to one, the more desirable the option is. Based on this, the option with the optimization pattern of water consumption, with Ci = 0.9787, is the best option among the proposed options for supplying drinking water to Tehran City. The other options, in order of priority, are rainwater harvesting, wastewater reuse, increasing current water supply sources, desalination and its transfer, and transferring water from freshwater sources between basins. In conclusion, the findings of this study highlight the importance of exploring alternative drinking water supply options and utilizing multi-criteria decision-making approaches to address the potential water crisis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-criteria%20decision" title="multi-criteria decision">multi-criteria decision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topsis" title=" topsis"> topsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20supply" title=" water supply"> water supply</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169219/multi-criteria-decision-making-in-ranking-drinking-water-supply-options-case-study-tehran-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">892</span> REITs India- New Investment Avenue for Financing Urban Infrastructure in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajat%20Kapoor">Rajat Kapoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indian Real Estate sector is the second largest employer after agriculture and is slated to grow at 30 percent over the next decade. Indian cities have shown tumultuous growth since last two decades. With the growing need of infrastructure, it has become inevitable for real estate sector to adopt more organized and transparent system of investment. SPVs such as REITs ensure transparency facilitating accessibility to invest in real estate for those who find it difficult to purchase real estate as an investment option with a realistic income expectation from their investment. RIETs or real estate investment trusts is an instrument of pooling funds similar to that of mutual funds. In a simpler term REIT is an Investment Vehicle in the form a trust which holds & manages large commercial rent¬ earning properties on behalf of investors and distributes most of its profit as dividends. REIT enables individual investors to invest their money in commercial real estate assets in a diversified portfolio and on the other hand provides fiscal liquidity to developers as easy exit option and channel funds for new projects. However, the success REIT is very much dependent on the taxation structure making such models attractive and adaptive enough for both developers and investors to opt for such investment option. This paper is intended to capture an overview of REITs with context to Indian real estate scenario. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20real%20estate" title="Indian real estate">Indian real estate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate%20infrastructure%20trusts" title=" real estate infrastructure trusts"> real estate infrastructure trusts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20finance" title=" urban finance"> urban finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure%20investment%20trusts" title=" infrastructure investment trusts"> infrastructure investment trusts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33069/reits-india-new-investment-avenue-for-financing-urban-infrastructure-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">891</span> Consumer Trust and Online Payment Options: Determinants of E-Commerce in the Least Developed Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Muse%20Hassan">Mohamed Muse Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selling through the Internet is changing the norms of doing business globally. Today, selling and buying from the Internet is not only an option but the dominant form of shopping. But, this phenomenon is not thriving in the developing countries, mainly in Africa. Therefore, although previous studies focused on the e-retailers’ side, this study investigates the effect of consumer trust and online payment options on the awareness and perception of e-commerce in Africa. We developed a five-construct model and empirically tested the model by targeting professionals and college students who reside in Somalia. We employed structural equation modeling (SEM) technique for path analysis to probe answers for the variables under study. The main findings of the study show that there is significant evidence that online payment option impacts both the awareness level and perception of e-commerce in Somalia. Consumer trust was also found to determine both the awareness and perception of online shopping in the country. Moreover, the current global payment options available ignore local technologies popular in Africa. For example, the inclusion of a mobile payment option alone would make a big difference in Africa. The paper also determined that consumer trust toward online retailers is very low and this can be solved if consumers are given assurances for their financial transactions. The paper concludes that increased online payment options are needed in Somalia and, in Africa, in general. Limitations and further research suggestions are also included at the end of this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20trust" title=" consumer trust"> consumer trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title=" e-commerce"> e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20payment" title=" online payment"> online payment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96637/consumer-trust-and-online-payment-options-determinants-of-e-commerce-in-the-least-developed-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">890</span> Implementation of Congestion Management Strategies on Arterial Roads: Case Study of Geelong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Das">A. Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Hitihamillage"> L. Hitihamillage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Moridpour"> S. Moridpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural disasters are inevitable to the biodiversity. Disasters such as flood, tsunami and tornadoes could be brutal, harsh and devastating. In Australia, flooding is a major issue experienced by different parts of the country. In such crisis, delays in evacuation could decide the life and death of the people living in those regions. Congestion management could become a mammoth task if there are no steps taken before such situations. In the past to manage congestion in such circumstances, many strategies were utilised such as converting the road shoulders to extra lanes or changing the road geometry by adding more lanes. However, expansion of road to resolving congestion problems is not considered a viable option nowadays. The authorities avoid this option due to many reasons, such as lack of financial support and land space. They tend to focus their attention on optimising the current resources they possess and use traffic signals to overcome congestion problems. Traffic Signal Management strategy was considered a viable option, to alleviate congestion problems in the City of Geelong, Victoria. Arterial road with signalised intersections considered in this paper and the traffic data required for modelling collected from VicRoads. Traffic signalling software SIDRA used to model the roads, and the information gathered from VicRoads. In this paper, various signal parameters utilised to assess and improve the corridor performance to achieve the best possible Level of Services (LOS) for the arterial road. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congestion" title="congestion">congestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constraints" title=" constraints"> constraints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LOS" title=" LOS"> LOS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77772/implementation-of-congestion-management-strategies-on-arterial-roads-case-study-of-geelong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">889</span> A Performance Model for Designing Network in Reverse Logistic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dhib">S. Dhib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Addouche"> S. A. Addouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Loukil"> T. Loukil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elmhamedi"> A. Elmhamedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a reverse supply chain network is investigated for a decision making. This decision is surrounded by complex flows of returned products, due to the increasing quantity, the type of returned products and the variety of recovery option products (reuse, recycling, and refurbishment). The most important problem in the reverse logistic network (RLN) is to orient returned products to the suitable type of recovery option. However, returned products orientations from collect sources to the recovery disposition have not well considered in performance model. In this study, we propose a performance model for designing a network configuration on reverse logistics. Conceptual and analytical models are developed with taking into account operational, economic and environmental factors on designing network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20logistics" title="reverse logistics">reverse logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20design" title=" network design"> network design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20model" title=" performance model"> performance model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20loop%20configuration" title=" open loop configuration"> open loop configuration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40989/a-performance-model-for-designing-network-in-reverse-logistic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">888</span> Cleaner Production Options for Fishery Wastes Around Lake Tana-Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abate%20Getnet%20Demisash">Abate Getnet Demisash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beshatu%20Taye%20Hatew"> Beshatu Taye Hatew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ababo%20Geleta%20Gudisa"> Ababo Geleta Gudisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As consumption trends of fish are rising in Ethiopia, assessment of the environmental performance of Fisheries becomes vital. Hence, Cleaner Production Assessment was conducted on Lake Tana No.1 Fish Supply Association. This paper focuses on determining the characteristics, quantity and setting up cleaner production option for the site with experimental investigation. The survey analysis showed that illegal waste dumping in Lake Tana is common practice in the area and some of the main reasons raised were they have no option than doing this for discharging fish wastes. Quantifying a fish waste by examination of records at the point of generation resulted in generation rate of 72,822.61 kg per year which is a significant amount of waste and needs management system. The result of the proximate analysis showed high free fat content of about 12.33% and this was a good candidate for the production of biodiesel that has been set as an option for fish waste utilization. Among the different waste management options, waste reduction by product optimization which involves biodiesel production was chosen as a potential method. Laboratory scale experiments were performed to produce renewable energy source from the wastes. The resulting biodiesel was characterized and found to have a density of 0.756kg/L, viscosity 0.24p and 153°C flash points which shows the product has values in compliance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cleaner%20production" title=" cleaner production"> cleaner production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20energy" title=" clean energy"> clean energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20to%20energy" title=" waste to energy"> waste to energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154390/cleaner-production-options-for-fishery-wastes-around-lake-tana-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">887</span> Ontological Modeling Approach for Statistical Databases Publication in Linked Open Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bourama%20Mane">Bourama Mane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahima%20Fall"> Ibrahima Fall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamadou%20Samba%20Camara"> Mamadou Samba Camara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alassane%20Bah"> Alassane Bah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the level of the National Statistical Institutes, there is a large volume of data which is generally in a format which conditions the method of publication of the information they contain. Each household or business data collection project includes a dissemination platform for its implementation. Thus, these dissemination methods previously used, do not promote rapid access to information and especially does not offer the option of being able to link data for in-depth processing. In this paper, we present an approach to modeling these data to publish them in a format intended for the Semantic Web. Our objective is to be able to publish all this data in a single platform and offer the option to link with other external data sources. An application of the approach will be made on data from major national surveys such as the one on employment, poverty, child labor and the general census of the population of Senegal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semantic%20Web" title="Semantic Web">Semantic Web</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linked%20open%20data" title=" linked open data"> linked open data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database" title=" database"> database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistic" title=" statistic"> statistic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87628/ontological-modeling-approach-for-statistical-databases-publication-in-linked-open-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">886</span> A Social Decision Support Mechanism for Group Purchasing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lien-Fa%20Lin">Lien-Fa Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Ming%20Li"> Yung-Ming Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu-Shun%20Hsieh"> Fu-Shun Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advancement of information technology and development of group commerce, people have obviously changed in their lifestyle. However, group commerce faces some challenging problems. The products or services provided by vendors do not satisfactorily reflect customers’ opinions, so that the sale and revenue of group commerce gradually become lower. On the other hand, the process for a formed customer group to reach group-purchasing consensus is time-consuming and the final decision is not the best choice for each group members. In this paper, we design a social decision support mechanism, by using group discussion message to recommend suitable options for group members and we consider social influence and personal preference to generate option ranking list. The proposed mechanism can enhance the group purchasing decision making efficiently and effectively and venders can provide group products or services according to the group option ranking list. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title="social network">social network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision" title=" group decision"> group decision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20commerce" title=" group commerce"> group commerce</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46955/a-social-decision-support-mechanism-for-group-purchasing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">885</span> Pricing European Continuous-Installment Options under Regime-Switching Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saghar%20Heidari">Saghar Heidari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the valuation problem of European continuous-installment options under Markov-modulated models with a partial differential equation approach. Due to the opportunity for continuing or stopping to pay installments, the valuation problem under regime-switching models can be formulated as coupled partial differential equations (CPDE) with free boundary features. To value the installment options, we express the truncated CPDE as a linear complementarity problem (LCP), then a finite element method is proposed to solve the resulted variational inequality. Under some appropriate assumptions, we establish the stability of the method and illustrate some numerical results to examine the rate of convergence and accuracy of the proposed method for the pricing problem under the regime-switching model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous-installment%20option" title="continuous-installment option">continuous-installment option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20option" title=" European option"> European option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regime-switching%20model" title=" regime-switching model"> regime-switching model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130909/pricing-european-continuous-installment-options-under-regime-switching-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous-installment%20option&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous-installment%20option&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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