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<li id="toc-Atlantic_exerts_autonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atlantic_exerts_autonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.1 Atlantic exerts autonomy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atlantic_exerts_autonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1970s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Warner-Elektra-Atlantic_and_worldwide_distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warner-Elektra-Atlantic_and_worldwide_distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Warner-Elektra-Atlantic and worldwide distribution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warner-Elektra-Atlantic_and_worldwide_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warner_Communications_(1972–1990)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warner_Communications_(1972–1990)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Warner Communications (1972–1990) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warner_Communications_(1972–1990)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 1980s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 1990s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2000s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 2010s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-EMI_label_purchase_and_divestment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EMI_label_purchase_and_divestment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6.1 EMI label purchase and divestment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EMI_label_purchase_and_divestment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6.2 Expansion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_labels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_labels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6.3 International labels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_labels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektra_Music_Group_and_further_investments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektra_Music_Group_and_further_investments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6.4 Elektra Music Group and further investments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektra_Music_Group_and_further_investments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 2020s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Arts Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_publishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_publishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Music publishing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_publishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Warner Music Group</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" > 44 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%83_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="وارنر ميوزك غروب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وارنر ميوزك غروب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C_(%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA)" title="وارنر موسیقی سی (شیرکت) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="وارنر موسیقی سی (شیرکت)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA" title="ওয়ার্নার মিউজিক গ্রুপ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়ার্নার মিউজিক গ্রুপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Уорнър Мюзик Груп – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уорнър Мюзик Груп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music" title="Warner Music – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Warner Music" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="گروه موسیقی وارنر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه موسیقی وارنر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%8C%EB%84%88_%EB%AE%A4%EC%A7%81_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%B9" title="워너 뮤직 그룹 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="워너 뮤직 그룹" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4" title="וורנר מיוזיק גרופ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וורנר מיוזיק גרופ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%83_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="وارنر ميوزك جروب – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وارنر ميوزك جروب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97" title="ワーナー・ミュージック・グループ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ワーナー・ミュージック・グループ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84" title="กลุ่มวอร์เนอร์มิวสิค – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มวอร์เนอร์มิวสิค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DA%A9_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE" title="وارنر میوزک گروپ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وارنر میوزک گروپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Music_Group" title="Warner Music Group – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Warner Music Group" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Music">Warner Music</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Warner Music Group Corp.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Warner_Music_Group_logo_(2021).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg/200px-Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg/300px-Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg/400px-Warner_Music_Group_logo_%282021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="203" data-file-height="80" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Logo used since November 2021<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg/250px-Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg/375px-Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg/500px-Paramount_Plaza_Uris_Building_New_York.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2359" data-file-height="3540" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters in 1633 Broadway, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Warner Music Group</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros. Records</a> (1958–1967, 1970–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros.-Seven_Arts" title="Warner Bros.-Seven Arts">Warner Bros.-Seven Arts</a> (1967–1970)</li> <li>Kinney Record Group International (1970–1972)</li> <li>Warner-Elektra-Atlantic (1972–1991)</li> <li>Warner Music (1991–2001)<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/wmg">WMG</a> (<a href="/wiki/Class_A_share" title="Class A share">Class A</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_400" title="S&P 400">S&P 400</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=US9345502036">US9345502036</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">Entertainment</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">April 6, 1958; 66 years ago (1958-04-06)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/1633_Broadway" class="mw-redirect" title="1633 Broadway">1633 Broadway</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lynton" title="Michael Lynton">Michael Lynton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Blavatnik" title="Len Blavatnik">Len Blavatnik</a> (vice chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kyncl" title="Robert Kyncl">Robert Kyncl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>6.43 billion (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$823 million (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$478 million (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$9.16 billion (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$518 million (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Access_Industries" title="Access Industries">Access Industries</a> (72% equity; 98% <a href="/wiki/Voting_interest" title="Voting interest">voting</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,800 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Warner_Music_Group_labels" title="List of Warner Music Group labels">List of Warner Music Group labels</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="#Arts_Music">Arts Music, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/615_Music" title="615 Music">615 Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Classics" title="Warner Classics">Warner Classics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Sweden" title="Warner Music Sweden">Warner Music Sweden</a></li> <li>IMGN Media</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wmg.com">wmg.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references Financials as of September 30, 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit">[update]</a>. References:<a href="#cite_note-FY2024-10K-3">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Warner Music Group Corp.,<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> commonly abbreviated as WMG, is an American <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">entertainment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">record label</a> <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> headquartered in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. It is one of the "<a href="/wiki/Record_label#Major_labels" title="Record label">big three</a>" recording companies and the third-largest in the global music industry, after <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> (UMG) and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music Entertainment</a> (SME). Formerly part of Time Warner (later known as <a href="/wiki/WarnerMedia" title="WarnerMedia">WarnerMedia</a>, now <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a>), WMG was publicly traded on the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a> from 2005 until 2011, when it announced its <a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">privatization</a> and sale to <a href="/wiki/Access_Industries" title="Access Industries">Access Industries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[7]</a> It later had its second <a href="/wiki/IPO" class="mw-redirect" title="IPO">IPO</a> on <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a> in 2020, once again becoming a public company.<a href="#cite_note-:1-9">[8]</a> With a multibillion-dollar annual turnover, WMG employs more than 4,500 people and has operations in more than 50 countries throughout the world.<a href="#cite_note-Billboard_2011-07-20-10">[9]</a> The company owns and operates some of the largest and most successful labels in the world, including <a href="/wiki/Elektra_Records" title="Elektra Records">Elektra Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reprise_Records" title="Reprise Records">Reprise Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone Records</a> (previously owned by <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a>. WMG also owns <a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a>, one of the world's largest music publishers. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s_and_1960s">1950s and 1960s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1950s and 1960s">edit</a>]</div> The film studio <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> had no record label division at the time one of its contracted actors, <a href="/wiki/Tab_Hunter" title="Tab Hunter">Tab Hunter</a>, scored a <a href="/wiki/Young_Love_(1956_song)" title="Young Love (1956 song)">No. 1 hit song</a> in 1957 for <a href="/wiki/Dot_Records" title="Dot Records">Dot Records</a>, a division of rival <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a>. In order to prevent any repetition of its actors recording for rival companies, and to also capitalize on the music business, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros. Records</a> was created in 1958; its original office was located above the film studio's machine shop on 3701 Warner Boulevard in <a href="/wiki/Burbank,_California" title="Burbank, California">Burbank, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> In 1963, Warner purchased <a href="/wiki/Reprise_Records" title="Reprise Records">Reprise Records</a>, which had been founded by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> three years earlier so that he could have more creative control over his recordings.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> With the Reprise acquisition, Warner gained the services of <a href="/wiki/Mo_Ostin" title="Mo Ostin">Mo Ostin</a>, who was mainly responsible for the success of Warner/Reprise.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> After Warner Bros. was sold to <a href="/wiki/Seven_Arts_Productions" title="Seven Arts Productions">Seven Arts Productions</a> in 1967 (forming <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros.-Seven_Arts" title="Warner Bros.-Seven Arts">Warner Bros.-Seven Arts</a>), it purchased <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a>, founded in 1947 and WMG's oldest label (until WMG completed its acquisition of Parlophone in 2013), as well as its subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Atco_Records" title="Atco Records">Atco Records</a>. This acquisition brought <a href="/wiki/Neil_Young" title="Neil Young">Neil Young</a> into the company fold, initially as a member of <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Springfield" title="Buffalo Springfield">Buffalo Springfield</a>. Young became one of Warner's longest-established artists, recording both as a solo artist and with groups under the Warner-owned Atlantic, Atco, and Reprise labels. Young also recorded five albums for <a href="/wiki/Geffen_Records" title="Geffen Records">Geffen Records</a> during that label's period of Warner distribution. The Geffen catalogue, now owned by <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>, represents Young's only major recordings not under WMG ownership. Atlantic, its subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Atco_Records" title="Atco Records">Atco Records</a>, and its affiliate <a href="/wiki/Stax_Records" title="Stax Records">Stax Records</a> paved the way for Warner's rise to industry prominence. The purchase brought in Atlantic's lucrative back catalogue, which included classic recordings by <a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Drifters" title="The Drifters">the Drifters</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Coasters" title="The Coasters">the Coasters</a>, and many more. In the mid-1960s, Atlantic/Stax released a string of landmark <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">soul music</a> recordings by artists including <a href="/wiki/Booker_T_%26_the_MGs" class="mw-redirect" title="Booker T & the MGs">Booker T & the MGs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_%26_Dave" title="Sam & Dave">Sam & Dave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilson_Pickett" title="Wilson Pickett">Wilson Pickett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otis_Redding" title="Otis Redding">Otis Redding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_E._King" title="Ben E. King">Ben E. King</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a>. Ultimately, the sale led to Stax leaving Atlantic because Seven Arts Productions insisted on keeping the rights to Stax recordings. Atlantic moved decisively into rock and pop in the late 1960s and 1970s, signing major British and American acts including <a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cream_(band)" title="Cream (band)">Cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crosby_Stills_%26_Nash" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosby Stills & Nash">Crosby Stills & Nash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yes_(band)" title="Yes (band)">Yes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emerson,_Lake_%26_Palmer" title="Emerson, Lake & Palmer">Emerson, Lake & Palmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genesis_(band)" title="Genesis (band)">Genesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Average_White_Band" title="Average White Band">Average White Band</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dr._John" title="Dr. John">Dr. John</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_Crimson" title="King Crimson">King Crimson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Music" title="Roxy Music">Roxy Music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Foreigner_(band)" title="Foreigner (band)">Foreigner</a>. An earlier attempt by Warner Bros. Records to create an in-house distribution arm in 1958 did not materialize. So in 1969, <a href="/wiki/Elektra_Records" title="Elektra Records">Elektra Records</a> boss <a href="/wiki/Jac_Holzman" title="Jac Holzman">Jac Holzman</a> approached Atlantic's <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Wexler" title="Jerry Wexler">Jerry Wexler</a> with the idea of setting up a joint distribution network for Warner, Elektra, and Atlantic. An experimental branch was established in <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> as a possible prototype for an expanded operation.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Atlantic_exerts_autonomy">Atlantic exerts autonomy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Atlantic exerts autonomy">edit</a>]</div> It was soon apparent in 1969 that Atlantic/Atco president <a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Ertegun" title="Ahmet Ertegun">Ahmet Ertegun</a> viewed Warner/Reprise president Mike Maitland as a rival. Maitland believed that, as vice-president in charge of the Warner Bros.-Seven Arts music division, he should have final say over all recording operations, and he further angered Ertegun by proposing that most of Atlantic's back-office functions (such as marketing and distribution) be combined with the existing departments at Warner/Reprise. In retrospect Ertegun clearly feared that Maitland would ultimately have more power than him, and so he moved rapidly to secure his own position and remove Maitland. Maitland had put off renegotiating the contracts of Joe Smith and Mo Ostin, the presidents of the Warner Bros. and Reprise labels, and this provided Ertegun with an effective means of undermining Maitland. When Wexler—now a major shareholder—found out about the contract issue he and Ertegun began pressuring <a href="/wiki/Eliot_Hyman" title="Eliot Hyman">Eliot Hyman</a> to get Smith and Ostin under contract, ostensibly because they were worried that the two executives might move to rival labels—and in fact Ostin had received overtures from both <a href="/wiki/MGM_Records" title="MGM Records">MGM Records</a> and <a href="/wiki/ABC_Records" title="ABC Records">ABC Records</a>. In 1969, the wisdom of Hyman's investments was proved when <a href="/wiki/Kinney_National_Company" title="Kinney National Company">Kinney National Company</a> purchased Warner Bros.-Seven Arts for $400 million, more than eight times what Hyman had paid for Warner/Reprise and Atlantic combined. From the base of his family's funeral parlour business, Kinney president <a href="/wiki/Steve_Ross_(Time_Warner_CEO)" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Ross (Time Warner CEO)">Steve Ross</a> had rapidly built the Kinney company into a profitable conglomerate with interests that included <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">comic publishing</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ashley-Famous" title="Ashley-Famous">Ashley-Famous</a> talent agency, parking lots and cleaning services. Following the takeover, Warners' music group briefly adopted the 'umbrella' name Kinney Music, because U.S. anti-trust laws at the time prevented the three labels from trading as one. Ross was primarily focused on rebuilding the company's ailing movie division and was happy to defer to the advice of the managers of the company's record labels, since he knew that they were generating most of the group's profits. Ertegun's campaign against Maitland began in earnest that summer. Atlantic had agreed to help Warner Bros. in its efforts to establish its labels overseas, beginning with its soon-to-be-established Warner Bros. subsidiary in Australia, but when Warner executive Phil Rose arrived in Australia, he discovered that just one week earlier Atlantic had signed a new four-year distribution deal with a rival local label, <a href="/wiki/Festival_Records_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Festival Records (Australia)">Festival Records</a> (owned by <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/News_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="News Limited">News Limited</a>). Mike Maitland complained bitterly to Kinney executive <a href="/wiki/Ted_Ashley" title="Ted Ashley">Ted Ashley</a>, but to no avail – by this time Ertegun was poised to make his move against Maitland.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> As he had with Hyman, Ertegun urged Steve Ross to extend Mo Ostin and Joe Smith's contracts, a recommendation Ross was happy to accept. Ostin however had received overtures from other companies (including the aforementioned offers from MGM and ABC) and when he met with Ertegun in January 1970 and was offered Maitland's job, he was unwilling to re-sign immediately. In response, Ertegun broadly hinted that Maitland's days were numbered and that he, Ertegun, was about to take over the recording division. Unlike the Warner/Reprise executives, Atlantic's execs the Ertegun brothers (Ahmet and Neshui) and Wexler owned stock in Kinney.<a href="#cite_note-rhino.com-18">[17]</a> Ostin was understandably concerned that, if he accepted the position, the Warner Bros. staff would feel that he had stabbed Maitland in the back, but his attorney convinced him that Maitland's departure was inevitable, regardless of whether or not he accepted the post (succinctly advising him, "Don't be a schmuck"). On Sunday January 25, Ted Ashley went to Maitland's house to tell him he had been dismissed, and Maitland declined the offer of a job at the movie studio. One week later, Mo Ostin was named as the new President of Warner Bros. Records, with Joe Smith as his executive vice-president.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> Ertegun nominally remained the head of Atlantic, but since both Ostin and Smith owed their new positions to him, Ertegun was now the de facto head of the Warner music division. Ertegun was given the formal title of executive vice-president-Music Group.<a href="#cite_note-rhino.com-18">[17]</a> Maitland moved to <a href="/wiki/MCA_Records" title="MCA Records">MCA Records</a> later that year and successfully consolidated MCA's labels, which he couldn't do at Warner. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s">1970s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1970s">edit</a>]</div> During the 1970s, the Kinney group built up a commanding position in the music industry. In 1970, Kinney bought <a href="/wiki/Elektra_Records" title="Elektra Records">Elektra Records</a> and its sister label <a href="/wiki/Nonesuch_Records" title="Nonesuch Records">Nonesuch Records</a> (founded by Jac Holzman in 1950) for $10 million, bringing in leading rock acts, including <a href="/wiki/The_Doors" title="The Doors">the Doors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Buckley" title="Tim Buckley">Tim Buckley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Love_(band)" title="Love (band)">Love</a>, and its historically significant folk archive, along with the successful budget Western classical-music label <a href="/wiki/Nonesuch_Records" title="Nonesuch Records">Nonesuch Records</a>. The purchase of Elektra-Nonesuch brought a rich back catalogue of folk music as well as the renowned Nonesuch catalogue of classical and world music. Elektra founder Jac Holzman ran the label under Warners for two years, but by that time, he was by his own admission "burnt out" after twenty years in the business. Kinney president Steve Ross subsequently appointed Holzman as part of a seven-person "<a href="/wiki/Brain_trust" title="Brain trust">brain trust</a>" tasked with investigating opportunities presented by new technologies, a role Holzman was eager to accept.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> The same year, the group established its first overseas offices in Canada and Australia. By that time the "Seven Arts" moniker was dropped from the Warner Bros. name. Warner Bros. also founded the <a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Records" title="Casablanca Records">Casablanca Records</a> subsidiary, headed by <a href="/wiki/Neil_Bogart" title="Neil Bogart">Neil Bogart</a>; but several years later Casablanca became independent from Warner Bros. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Warner-Elektra-Atlantic_and_worldwide_distribution">Warner-Elektra-Atlantic and worldwide distribution</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Warner-Elektra-Atlantic and worldwide distribution">edit</a>]</div> With the Elektra acquisition, the next step was forming an in-house distribution arm for the co-owned labels. By this time, Warner-Reprise's frustrations with its current distributors had reached breaking point; Joe Smith (then executive vice-president of Warner Bros.) recalled that the <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a> were becoming a major act but the distributor was constantly out of stock of their albums. These circumstances facilitated the full establishment of the group's in-house distribution arm, initially called .<a href="#cite_note-Kinney_Record_Group_International-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Seay40-22">[21]</a> By late 1972, US anti-trust laws had changed and the company was renamed Warner-Elektra-Atlantic, WEA for short, which was renamed Warner Music in 1991 (the word "group" was added after the formation of <a href="/wiki/AOL_Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="AOL Time Warner">AOL Time Warner</a> in 2001). WEA was an early champion of <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a> rock music. Several such bands, including three major British pioneers <a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Deep_Purple" title="Deep Purple">Deep Purple</a>, were all signed to WEA's labels, at least in the United States. Among the earliest American metal acts to be signed to WEA were <a href="/wiki/Alice_Cooper" title="Alice Cooper">Alice Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montrose_(band)" title="Montrose (band)">Montrose</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Van_Halen" title="Van Halen">Van Halen</a>. Up to this point the Kinney-owned record companies had relied on licensing deals with overseas record labels to manufacture, distribute and promote its products in other countries; concurrent with the establishment of its new distribution arm, the company now began establishing subsidiaries in the other major markets, beginning with the creation of Warner Bros. Records Australia in 1970, soon followed by branch offices in the UK, Europe and Japan.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> In July 1971, the new in-house distribution company was incorporated as Warner-Elektra-Atlantic Distributing Corp. (WEA) and branch offices were established in eight major US cities; Joel Friedman a one-time <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a> writer who had been the head of Warner's advertising/merchandising division in its early years, was appointed to head WEA's US domestic division, and Ahmet Ertegun's brother <a href="/wiki/Nesuhi_Ertegun" title="Nesuhi Ertegun">Nesuhi</a> was appointed to oversee its international operations. Neshui Ertegun, originally a Turkish native like his brother, displayed a global perspective and independence from its U.S. counterpart by successfully promoting international acts in their target markets worldwide. Ertegun headed WEA International until his retirement in 1987. A de facto committee of three senior marketing executives—Dave Glew from Atlantic, Ed Rosenblatt from Warner Bros. and Mel Posner from Elektra—oversaw the integration of each label's marketing and distribution through the new division,<a href="#cite_note-Seay40-22">[21]</a> but each label continued to operate totally independently in <a href="/wiki/A%26R" class="mw-redirect" title="A&R">A&R</a> matters and also applied their own expertise in marketing and advertising.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> On July 1, 1971, following the pattern set by similar joint ventures in Canada and Australia, the Warner labels entered into a partnership with the British arm of <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Music Entertainment">CBS Records</a> to press and distribute Warner-Reprise product in the United Kingdom, although this was undertaken as a cooperative venture rather than a formally incorporated business partnership. The Billboard article that reported the new arrangement also noted that, despite their intense competition in the US market, CBS continued to press Warner-Reprise recordings in the US. However the new UK arrangement was a major blow to Warner's previous British manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Pye_Records" title="Pye Records">Pye Records</a>, for whom Warner-Reprise had been their largest account. With the scheduled addition of the UK rights to the Atlantic catalogue, which would revert to Kinney in early 1972, Billboard predicted that the Warner-CBS partnership would have a 25–30% share of the UK music market.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> In April 1971, thanks mainly to the influence of Ahmet Ertegun, the Kinney group announced a major coup with its acquisition of the worldwide rights to <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a>' new label <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stones_Records" title="Rolling Stones Records">Rolling Stones Records</a>, following the expiration of the band's contract with <a href="/wiki/Decca_Records" title="Decca Records">British Decca</a> (then separate from the American label) and the acrimonious end to their business relationship with their former manager <a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a>. Under the terms of the deal, Atlantic subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Atco_Records" title="Atco Records">Atco</a> would distribute the Stones' recordings in the US, with other territories mainly handled by Warner Bros. international divisions.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> One of Kinney's wisest investments was <a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Mac" title="Fleetwood Mac">Fleetwood Mac</a>. The band signed with Reprise in the early 1970s after relocating to the US, and the label supported the group through numerous lineup changes and several lean years during which the band's records sold relatively poorly, although they remained a popular concert attraction. Ironically, after the group's transfer to Warner Bros. in 1975 and the recruitment of new members <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Buckingham" title="Lindsey Buckingham">Lindsey Buckingham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Nicks" title="Stevie Nicks">Stevie Nicks</a>, the group scored a major international hit with the single "Rhiannon" and consolidated with the best selling albums <a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Mac_(1975_album)" title="Fleetwood Mac (1975 album)">Fleetwood Mac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rumours_(album)" title="Rumours (album)">Rumours</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tusk_(album)" title="Tusk (album)">Tusk</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Warner_Communications_(1972–1990)">Warner Communications (1972–1990)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Warner Communications (1972–1990)">edit</a>]</div> Due to a financial scandal involving price fixing in its parking operations, Kinney National spun off its non-entertainment assets in 1972 (as <a href="/wiki/National_Kinney_Corporation" title="National Kinney Corporation">National Kinney Corporation</a>) and changed its name to <a href="/wiki/WarnerMedia#Warner_Communications_(1972–1990)" title="WarnerMedia">Warner Communications Inc.</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> In 1972, the Warner group acquired another rich prize, <a href="/wiki/David_Geffen" title="David Geffen">David Geffen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Asylum_Records" title="Asylum Records">Asylum Records</a>. The $7 million purchase brought in several acts that proved crucial to WEA's subsequent success, including <a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Eagles" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eagles">the Eagles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Browne" title="Jackson Browne">Jackson Browne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joni_Mitchell" title="Joni Mitchell">Joni Mitchell</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Warren_Zevon" title="Warren Zevon">Warren Zevon</a>. On the downside, however, it was rumored that Warner was soon concerned about its possible liability under the California State Labor Code because of Geffen's questionable status as both the manager of most of the Asylum acts and the head of the record label to which they were signed. The sale included the Asylum Records label and its recordings, as well as Geffen's lucrative music publishing assets and the interests in the royalties of some of the artists managed by Geffen and partner <a href="/wiki/Elliot_Roberts" title="Elliot Roberts">Elliot Roberts</a>. Geffen accepted a five-year contract with WCI and turned over his 75% share in the Geffen-Roberts management company to Roberts and Warner paid Geffen and Roberts 121,952 common shares worth $4,750,000 at the time of the sale, plus $400,000 in cash and a further $1.6 million in promissory notes convertible to common stock.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> Although it seemed a lucrative deal at the time, Geffen soon had reason to regret it. Uncharacteristically, he had greatly underestimated the value of his assets—within Asylum's first year as a Warner subsidiary, albums by <a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Eagles" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eagles">the Eagles</a> alone had earned more than the entire value of the Asylum sale. Geffen's discomfort was compounded by the fact that, within six months of the sale, the value of his volatile Warner shares had plummeted from $4.5 million to just $800,000. He appealed to Steve Ross to intervene, and as part of a make-good deal, Ross agreed to pay him the difference in the share value over five years. Acting on Jac Holzman's suggestion that Kinney should take Asylum from Atlantic and merge it with Elektra, Ross then appointed Geffen to run the new combined label.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> In 1977, Warner Bros. Music, led by president Ed Silvers, formed Pacific Records for their composers and distributed (appropriately) by <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alan_O%27Day" title="Alan O'Day">Alan O'Day</a> was the first artist signed to the label, and the first release was "<a href="/wiki/Undercover_Angel_(song)" title="Undercover Angel (song)">Undercover Angel</a>". The song, which he described as a "nocturnal novelette", was released in February 1977. Within a few months it had become No. 1 in the country, and has sold approximately two million copies. It was also a hit in Australia, reaching No. 9 on the Australian Singles Chart. "Undercover Angel" also landed O'Day in an exclusive club as one of only a handful of writers/performers to pen a No. 1 hit for themselves and a No. 1 for another artist.<a href="#cite_note-cashboxtop1001977-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-superseventies-31">[30]</a> New signings in the late 1970s placed WEA in a strong position for the 1980s. A deal with <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Stein" title="Seymour Stein">Seymour Stein</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sire_Records" title="Sire Records">Sire Records</a> label (which Warner Bros. Records later took over) brought in several major <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a> acts including <a href="/wiki/The_Pretenders" title="The Pretenders">the Pretenders</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Ramones" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ramones">the Ramones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads" title="Talking Heads">Talking Heads</a> and, most importantly, rising star <a href="/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna">Madonna</a>; Elektra signed <a href="/wiki/The_Cars" title="The Cars">the Cars</a> and Warner Bros. signed <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a>, giving WEA several of the biggest-selling acts of the decade. WEA's labels also distributed a number of otherwise independent labels. For example, Warner Bros. distributed <a href="/wiki/Straight_Records" title="Straight Records">Straight Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/DiscReet_Records" title="DiscReet Records">DiscReet Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bizarre_Records" title="Bizarre Records">Bizarre Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bearsville_Records" title="Bearsville Records">Bearsville Records</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geffen_Records" title="Geffen Records">Geffen Records</a> (the latter was sold to <a href="/wiki/MCA_Inc." title="MCA Inc.">MCA</a> in 1990). Atlantic Records distributed <a href="/wiki/Swan_Song_Records" title="Swan Song Records">Swan Song Records</a>. In 1975, WEA scored a major coup by signing a distribution agreement with <a href="/wiki/Island_Records" title="Island Records">Island Records</a>, which only covered the United States and select other countries. For the next 14 years (initially with Warner Bros. until 1982, then with Atlantic afterward), WEA would distribute such artists as <a href="/wiki/Bob_Marley" title="Bob Marley">Bob Marley</a>, <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Palmer_(singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Palmer (singer)">Robert Palmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthrax_(American_band)" title="Anthrax (American band)">Anthrax</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Waits" title="Tom Waits">Tom Waits</a>. This relationship ended when Island was sold to <a href="/wiki/PolyGram" title="PolyGram">PolyGram</a> in 1989. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s">1980s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1980s">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WEA_International_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/WEA_International_logo.svg/290px-WEA_International_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/WEA_International_logo.svg/435px-WEA_International_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/WEA_International_logo.svg/580px-WEA_International_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption>Logo of WEA International</figcaption></figure> A name-only unit appearing exclusively in the copyright, WEA International Inc., was created in early 1982, to handle distribution of all Warner Bros., Elektra, and Atlantic (all these namings accounting for the initials in the title "WEA") releases for international countries. A proposed 1983 international merger between <a href="/wiki/PolyGram" title="PolyGram">PolyGram</a> and WEA was forbidden by both the US <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>'s cartel office, so PolyGram's half-owner <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> then purchased a further 40% of the company from its partner <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens</a>, and bought the remaining shares in 1987. The same year, PolyGram divested its film and publishing operations, closed <a href="/wiki/PolyGram_Filmed_Entertainment" title="PolyGram Filmed Entertainment">PolyGram Pictures</a> and sold <a href="/wiki/Chappell_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Chappell Music">Chappell Music</a> to Warner for US$275 million. In 1976, Warner gained a brief early lead in digital media when it purchased the <a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a> computer company. WCI also blazed the trail in visual music with <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, which it created and co-owned in partnership with <a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a> as <a href="/wiki/Warner-Amex_Satellite_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment">Warner-Amex</a> (which also ran the company's cable television systems, including the interactive TV experiment <a href="/wiki/Qube_(cable_television)" title="Qube (cable television)">QUBE</a>, which MTV spun-off from). By 1984, however, Warner rapidly divested many of these recent acquisitions, including Atari, <a href="/wiki/The_Franklin_Mint" title="The Franklin Mint">The Franklin Mint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panavision" title="Panavision">Panavision</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTV_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Networks">MTV Networks</a> and a cosmetics business; this was due in large part to the <a href="/wiki/Video_game_crash_of_1983" title="Video game crash of 1983">1983 video game crash</a>, which Atari had played a central role in, and the resulting loss of profits and investor confidence (Warner-Amex's cable system expansion also contributed to Warner's financial downturn).<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> WEA formed <a href="/wiki/WEA_Manufacturing" title="WEA Manufacturing">WEA Manufacturing</a> in 1986.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> In 1988 WEA took over the German classical label <a href="/wiki/Teldec" title="Teldec">Teldec</a> and the British <a href="/wiki/Magnet_Records" title="Magnet Records">Magnet</a> label. In 1989, it was announced that Warner Communications was to merge with <a href="/wiki/Time_Inc." title="Time Inc.">Time Inc.</a> to form <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a>, a transaction that was completed in 1990. Following the merger, WEA continued acquiring independent labels, buying <a href="/wiki/CGD_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="CGD Records">CGD Records</a> (Italy) and <a href="/wiki/East_West_Records" title="East West Records">MMG Records</a> (Japan) in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1990s">edit</a>]</div> Through the 1990s, Time Warner was the largest media company in the world, with assets in excess of US$20 billion and annual revenues in the billions of dollars; by 1991, Warner's music labels were generating sales valued at more than US$3 billion, with operating profits of $550 million, and by 1995, its music division dominated the US music industry with a 22% share of the domestic market.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> Acquisitions and corporate changes within the Warner group of labels continued after the Time Warner merger—in 1990, WEA purchased French label <a href="/wiki/Carrere_Records" title="Carrere Records">Carrere Records</a>, in 1992 it bought the leading French classical label <a href="/wiki/Erato_Records" title="Erato Records">Erato</a>, and in 1993, it bought the Spanish <a href="/wiki/DRO_Records" title="DRO Records">DRO Records</a>, Hungary's Magneoton label, the Swedish Telegram Records, Brazil's <a href="/wiki/Continental_Records" title="Continental Records">Continental Records</a> and Finnish label Fazer Musiikki. WEA was renamed Warner Music in 1991. Atlantic launched two new subsidiary labels in the early 1990s: <a href="/wiki/East_West_Records" title="East West Records">East West Records</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interscope_Records" title="Interscope Records">Interscope Records</a>. In 1995, East West absorbed Atco Records and was eventually folded into Elektra Records. In 1996, after causing much controversy, Interscope was purchased by <a href="/wiki/MCA_Inc." title="MCA Inc.">MCA Music Entertainment</a>. During 1992, Warner Music faced one of the most serious public-relations crises in its history when a major controversy erupted over the provocative Warner Bros. recording "<a href="/wiki/Cop_Killer_(song)" title="Cop Killer (song)">Cop Killer</a>" from the self-titled album by <a href="/wiki/Body_Count_(band)" title="Body Count (band)">Body Count</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a>/<a href="/wiki/Rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap">rap</a> fusion band led by <a href="/wiki/Ice-T" title="Ice-T">Ice-T</a>. Unfortunately for Warner, the song (which mentioned the <a href="/wiki/Rodney_King" title="Rodney King">Rodney King</a> case) was issued just before the controversial acquittal of the police charged with King's beating, which sparked the <a href="/wiki/1992_Los_Angeles_Riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Los Angeles Riots">1992 Los Angeles Riots</a> and the confluence of events put the song under the national spotlight. Complaints escalated over the summer—conservative police associations called for a boycott of Time Warner products, politicians including President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> denounced the label for releasing the song, Warner executives received death threats, Time Warner stockholders threatened to pull out of the company and the New Zealand police commissioner unsuccessfully tried to have the record banned there. Although Ice-T later voluntarily reissued Body Count without "Cop Killer", the furor seriously rattled Warner Music and in January 1993 the label made an undisclosed deal releasing Ice-T from his contract and returning the <a href="/wiki/Body_Count_(album)" title="Body Count (album)">Body Count</a> master tapes to him.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> Also in 1992, the <a href="/wiki/Rhino_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhino Records">Rhino Records</a> label signed a distribution agreement with Atlantic Records and Time Warner Entertainment bought a 50% stake in the Rhino Records label. The distribution agreement allowed Rhino to begin reissuing recordings from Atlantic's back catalogue. In 1994, Canadian beverage giant <a href="/wiki/Seagram" title="Seagram">Seagram</a> bought a 14.5% stake in Time Warner, and the Warner publishing division — now called <a href="/wiki/Warner/Chappell_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner/Chappell Music">Warner/Chappell Music</a> – acquired CPP/Belwin, becoming the world's largest owner of song copyrights and the world's largest publisher of printed music. In 1996, Time Warner Entertainment made another dramatic expansion of its media holdings, taking over the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a>, which by then included the Turner cable TV network, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> and the screen production houses <a href="/wiki/Castle_Rock_Entertainment" title="Castle Rock Entertainment">Castle Rock Entertainment</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Line_Cinema" title="New Line Cinema">New Line Cinema</a>, acquisitions that brought huge profits into the Warner Group thanks to content assets like <a href="/wiki/Seinfeld" title="Seinfeld">Seinfeld</a> and the highly successful <a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings_(film_series)" title="The Lord of the Rings (film series)">The Lord of the Rings</a> film trilogy. By the early 1990s, senior Warner staff like Ostin and Waronker had remained in their positions for several decades—a highly unusual situation in the American music industry—but the death of Steve Ross destabilized the Time Warner hierarchy, and over the next few years the music group was increasingly disrupted by internal power struggles, leading to a string of major executive upheavals in 1994–95, which The New York Times described as "a virtual civil war".<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> The central conflict was between Mo Ostin and Warner Music Group chairman Robert Morgado, who had joined the Warner group in the late 1980s. Because of his political background (he had been the chief-of-staff to former New York governor <a href="/wiki/Hugh_L._Carey" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh L. Carey">Hugh L. Carey</a>) and his lack of music industry experience — especially compared to the widely revered Ostin—Morgado was viewed as an outsider at Warner. Nevertheless, he gained favour with Ross and Levin and was promoted in 1985 to oversee the Warner international music division after helping the company slash costs in its computer game sector.<a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> Since his appointment as head of WBR, Ostin had always reported directly to Steve Ross and his successor <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Levin" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Levin">Gerald Levin</a>, but in late 1993, when Ostin's contract came up for renewal, Morgado asserted his authority, insisting that Ostin should now report directly to him. The tensions between them reached boiling point in July 1994 when Morgado appointed former Atlantic chief <a href="/wiki/Doug_Morris" title="Doug Morris">Doug Morris</a> to head the Warner Music Group in the US, a decision that many saw as a deliberate move to hasten the departure of Ostin and Elektra head <a href="/wiki/Bob_Krasnow" title="Bob Krasnow">Robert Krasnow</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> Morgado's new structure was announced in August 1994 and Bob Krasnow resigned from Elektra the next day. Within days, after more than 30 years with the Warner music group and more than 20 years as president and chairman of Warner Bros. Records, Ostin announced he would not renew his current contract and would leave Warners when it expired on December 31, 1994. There was more negative publicity the following month, when leading Elektra act <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a> launched a lawsuit against the label, seeking a release from their contract and ownership of their master tapes, and claiming that Morgado had refused to honor a deal they had worked out with Krasnow before he quit. Ostin's departure marked a seismic shift in the corporate culture at WBR and the news was greeted with dismay by industry insiders and the many artists whose careers he had helped to nurture. Lenny Waronker had agreed to take over as WBR chairman and CEO but in October 1994 he announced that he would not be taking up the position; he initially said that he would remain as President of WBR, but by this time there was already widespread speculation that he would leave, and he did so soon afterwards.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> The following year he re-joined Ostin and son Michael as joint head of the newly launched <a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Records" title="DreamWorks Records">DreamWorks</a> label.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> Beginning in August 1994, Morgado alienated Morris by his clumsy handling of Warner's relationship with <a href="/wiki/Interscope_Records" title="Interscope Records">Interscope Records</a>, the successful label founded by <a href="/wiki/Ted_Field" title="Ted Field">Ted Field</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Iovine" title="Jimmy Iovine">Jimmy Iovine</a> and part-owned by Warner. Morgado had resisted making a decision about increasing the Warner stake in Interscope, which encouraged other companies to make overtures to the label; in response, Morgado threatened to send cease-and-desist notices to executives at several record companies, demanding that they stop approaching Interscope with buyout offers, a move that reportedly infuriated Iovine.<a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> By late 1994, Morris was gaining the upper hand over his rival and media reports claimed that Morris had moved to settle with Metallica, offering a deal that was reportedly even more generous than the one they had worked out with Krasnow. Morgado now faced a showdown with Morris, who felt he was not being allowed to run WMG as he saw fit. In October 1994, Morris and 11 other Warner executives "staged an unprecedented insurrection that nearly paralyzed the world's largest record company".<a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> This led to a climactic meeting between Morris and Gerald Levin in late October, at which Morris reportedly threatened to quit if he had to continue to report to Morgado.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> Morgado gave in to the demand that Morris be granted autonomy to run the North American operations and he was forced to upgrade Morris's position from chief operating officer to Chief Executive of Warner Music Group (US); Morris promptly named <a href="/wiki/Danny_Goldberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Danny Goldberg">Danny Goldberg</a>, former president of Atlantic Records, to run WBR in defiance of Morgado, who had a different candidate in mind and Levin also reduced Morgado's power to oversee Warner's mail-order record club division and its international operations.<a href="#cite_note-Landler1995-05-04-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a> Morris then brought in <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Rhone" title="Sylvia Rhone">Sylvia Rhone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Stein" title="Seymour Stein">Seymour Stein</a> to stabilize Elektra, settled the Metallica lawsuit and persuaded Levin to purchase an additional 25% of Interscope, although this initiative proved short-lived.<a href="#cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> The power struggle between Morgado and Morris reached a dramatic climax in May 1995 when Morgado was asked to resign by Gerald Levin, following a welter of complaints from executives at the three major Warner Music labels, who said that Morgado was undermining Morris's authority and damaging Warner's reputation among performers.<a href="#cite_note-Landler1995-05-04-43">[42]</a> Morgado was immediately replaced by <a href="/wiki/Home_Box_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Home Box Office">HBO</a> chairman <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Fuchs" title="Michael J. Fuchs">Michael J. Fuchs</a>, but the corporate upheavals did not end there; in late June 1995 Fuchs abruptly dismissed Doug Morris, saying that Morris had been "leading a campaign to destabilize Warner Music in an effort to seize control of the company". As Morris's strongest ally, Danny Goldberg was also under threat; he was initially told that he could stay on as President of WBR as long as he refrained from office politics and concentrate on the day-to-day management of the label, but he resigned as President of Warner Bros. Records soon after to pursue "other interests", and was replaced by WBR vice-chairman <a href="/wiki/Russ_Thyret" title="Russ Thyret">Russ Thyret</a>. That August saw yet another resignation, that of Mel Lewinter, then president and COO of Warner Music's domestic music operations; while Lewinter being an ally of Morris played a role in the former's ouster, speculation ran rampant about it also having to do with a internal investigation into improper sales practices (involving tens of thousands of CDs being stolen from Atlantic by sales manager Nick Maria, then being secretly resold to retailers; the profits were divided between the retailers and the Atlantic employees involved), which had earlier caused 10 executives (including Maria) to lose their jobs amid the investigation.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> Lewinter subsequently sued Warner Music for wrongful termination.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Despite early success with <a href="/wiki/Dr._Dre" title="Dr. Dre">Dr. Dre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a>, and Morris's decision to increase Warner's stake to 50%, by the mid-1990s <a href="/wiki/Interscope_Records" title="Interscope Records">Interscope Records</a> was being seen as a liability for the Warner group. Time Warner's board and investors had already been bruised by the damaging 1992 "<a href="/wiki/Cop_Killer_(song)" title="Cop Killer (song)">Cop Killer</a>" controversy and now they were faced with renewed criticism about the <a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap" title="Gangsta rap">gangsta rap</a> genre, in which Interscope's associate imprint <a href="/wiki/Death_Row_Records" title="Death Row Records">Death Row Records</a> was a key label. In mid-1995, Time Warner refused to distribute the Interscope album <a href="/wiki/Dogg_Food" title="Dogg Food">Dogg Food</a> by <a href="/wiki/Tha_Dogg_Pound" title="Tha Dogg Pound">Tha Dogg Pound</a>, forcing the label to seek outside distribution, and late in the year TW sold its stake in Death Row back to co-owners <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Iovine" title="Jimmy Iovine">Jimmy Iovine</a> and Ted Field and soon after it sold off its share in Interscope to <a href="/wiki/MCA_Music_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="MCA Music Entertainment">MCA Music Entertainment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> The upheaval at Warner was beneficial to its rivals, who picked up valuable executives who had left Warner. Goldberg moved over to <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Records" title="Mercury Records">Mercury Records</a>; Morris joined <a href="/wiki/MCA_Records" title="MCA Records">MCA Music Entertainment Group</a> and led its reorganization into <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>, now the world's largest record company. In November 1995, Fuchs was himself sacked by Levin, leaving the company with a reported US$60 million "<a href="/wiki/Golden_parachute" title="Golden parachute">golden parachute</a>", and Time Warner co-chairmen <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Daly" title="Robert A. Daly">Robert A. Daly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terry_Semel" title="Terry Semel">Terry Semel</a> took over the running of the music division.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> In 1998, Seagram boss <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr." title="Edgar Bronfman Jr.">Edgar Bronfman Jr.</a> held talks aimed at merging Seagram's Universal Music, headed by Morris, with the venerable British recording company <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>, but the discussions came to nothing; Bronfman then oversaw Universal's takeover by <a href="/wiki/Vivendi" title="Vivendi">Vivendi</a>. WEA meanwhile continued to expand its publishing empire, buying a 90% stake in the Italian recording and music publishing group Nuova <a href="/wiki/Fonit_Cetra" title="Fonit Cetra">Fonit Cetra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> Also in 1998, Time Warner Entertainment bought the remaining 50% of the Rhino Records label they did not own. The Rhino Records retail store in Los Angeles was not included. Rhino then began reissuing the back catalogues of the Warner/Reprise and Elektra/Asylum labels. In 1999, Rhino launched Rhino Handmade, which released limited-edition reissues of lesser-known but still-significant recordings from the WEA labels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2000s">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._(3016810069)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Edgar_Bronfman_Jr._%283016810069%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr." title="Edgar Bronfman Jr.">Edgar Bronfman Jr.</a>, scion of the Canadian-based <a href="/wiki/Bronfman_family" title="Bronfman family">Bronfman family</a>, took control of WMG in 2004.</figcaption></figure> In 2000, <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner Entertainment">Time Warner Entertainment</a> merged with leading American <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">internet service provider</a> <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</a> to create <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">AOL Time Warner</a>. The new conglomerate again tried (and failed) to acquire EMI, and subsequent discussions about the takeover of <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">BMG</a> stalled, with Bertelsmann eventually offloading BMG into a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>. In 2002, AOLTW further consolidated its hold over the publishing industry, buying 50% of music publisher Deston Songs from <a href="/wiki/Edel_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Edel AG">Edel AG</a>. By the early 2000s, however, the effects of the <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="Dot-com crash">dot-com crash</a> had eroded AOL's profits and stock value, and in 2003 the Time Warner board sidelined its under-performing partner by dropping AOL from its business name.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> As a result of the <a href="/wiki/CD_price_fixing" title="CD price fixing">CD price fixing</a> issue, a settlement was reached in 2002 involving the music publishers and distributors <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music</a>, WMG, <a href="/wiki/Bertelsmann_Music_Group" title="Bertelsmann Music Group">Bertelsmann Music Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI Music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music</a>. In restitution for <a href="/wiki/Price_fixing" title="Price fixing">price fixing</a> they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.<a href="#cite_note-usatoday-55">[54]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg/200px-Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg/300px-Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg/400px-Warner_logo_by_Saul_Bass_sans_text.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="203" /></a><figcaption>The "Big W" logo designed by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bass" title="Saul Bass">Saul Bass</a>, formerly used as the logo of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros. Entertainment</a>, now used as the corporate logo of Warner Music Group</figcaption></figure> Looking to reduce its debt load, Time Warner — the corporate successor to Warner Communications — sold Warner Music Group in 2004 to a group of investors led by <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr." title="Edgar Bronfman Jr.">Edgar Bronfman Jr.</a> for US$2.6 billion. This spinoff was completed on February 27, 2004. In the 2004 transition to independent ownership, WMG hired record industry heavyweight <a href="/wiki/Lyor_Cohen" title="Lyor Cohen">Lyor Cohen</a> from <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> (the result of the merger between the PolyGram and MCA label families) to attempt to reduce cost and increase performance. Time Warner (now Warner Bros. Discovery) no longer retains any ownership in WMG, though it had the option to reacquire up to 20% of WMG for three years following the closing of the transaction. WMG did, however, have a royalty-free license to use the Warner Bros. shield for 15 years, as well as the old Warner Communications logo as WMG's main logo.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> With the expiration of the royalty-free license in May 2019, Warner Bros. Records (which became separate from the eponymous film studio after the spinoff) was renamed Warner Records and a new logo was introduced to replace the WB shield.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> Once free of Time Warner, WMG began cutting costs by offloading loss-making or low-earning divisions. Like its rival EMI, Warner reacted to the growth of the digital music market by making a historic change, moving out of record production by closing or selling off disc-pressing plants, particularly in territories such as the US and the Netherlands, where production costs are high. The US manufacturing operations were sold to <a href="/wiki/Cinram" title="Cinram">Cinram</a> in 2003, before the purchase from Time Warner. In 2005, the Miami-based Warner Bros. Publications, which printed and distributed a broad selection of sheet music, books, educational material, orchestrations, arrangements and tutorials, was sold to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Music_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Music Publishing">Alfred Music Publishing</a>, although the sale excluded the print music business of WMG's Word Music (church hymnals, choral music and associated instrumental music). On May 3, 2006, WMG apparently rejected a buyout offer from <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> Then WMG offered to buy <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a> and it also rejected the offer. In August 2007, EMI was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Terra_Firma_Capital_Partners" title="Terra Firma Capital Partners">Terra Firma Capital Partners</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> Talk of a possible WMG acquisition of EMI was fanned once again in 2009 after WMG executed a bond offering for $1.1 billion, which brought to light WMG's relatively strong financial position, which was contrasted with the weakened and debt-laden state of EMI.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> The same year WMG acquired <a href="/wiki/Rykodisc" title="Rykodisc">Rykodisc</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roadrunner_Records" title="Roadrunner Records">Roadrunner Records</a>. In September 2006, after pulling its content from the service earlier in the year, WMG entered into a new licensing deal with the video streaming service <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. Under the deal, WMG would be able to handle advertising sales for its artists' music videos on the service (as well as monetize user-created videos that include WMG-owned recordings) and partake in revenue sharing with YouTube, and also collaborate with YouTube on building a "premium" user experience for its content and associated channels.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> On December 27, 2007, Warner announced that it would sell <a href="/wiki/Digital_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital music">digital music</a> without <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">digital rights management</a> through <a href="/wiki/AmazonMP3" class="mw-redirect" title="AmazonMP3">AmazonMP3</a>, making it the third major label to do so.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> In 2008, The New York Times reported that WMG's <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a> became the first major record label to generate more than half of its music sales in the U.S. from digital products.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Fast_Company_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast Company (magazine)">Fast Company</a> magazine detailed the company's transformation efforts in its recorded music division, where it has redefined the relationships it has with artists and diversified its revenue streams through its expansion into growing areas of the music business.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> In 2008, WMG and several other major labels made investments in the new <a href="/wiki/Music_streaming_service" title="Music streaming service">music streaming service</a> <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">non-primary source needed</a>] Due to licensing deal negotiations between Google and WMG in 2008, music video content licensed by WMG was removed from YouTube.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> In 2009, it was announced that the companies had reached a deal, and videos would be re-added to YouTube.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> As of 2017, WMG had extended its deal with YouTube.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> In 2009, Warner Music took over its South-East Asian and Korean distribution of EMI audio and video products, including newer domestic releases, which was announced in September 2008. The two companies already enjoyed a successful partnership in India, the Middle East and North Africa, where EMI marketed and distributed Warner Music's physical product from 2005.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2010s">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Blavatnik,_February_2018_(4568)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Leonard_Blavatnik%2C_February_2018_%284568%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Leonard_Blavatnik%2C_February_2018_%284568%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Leonard_Blavatnik%2C_February_2018_%284568%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Leonard_Blavatnik%2C_February_2018_%284568%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Leonard_Blavatnik%2C_February_2018_%284568%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Blavatnik" class="mw-redirect" title="Leonard Blavatnik">Leonard Blavatnik</a>, founder of <a href="/wiki/Access_Industries" title="Access Industries">Access Industries</a>, purchased WMG in 2011.</figcaption></figure> WMG formed a partnership with <a href="/wiki/MTV_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Networks">MTV Networks</a> in June 2010 that allowed MTVN to exclusively sell ads on WMG's premium content; in turn, views of WMG videos would be counted as views for MTVN.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> In May 2011, WMG announced its sale to <a href="/wiki/Access_Industries" title="Access Industries">Access Industries</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> controlled by Soviet-born billionaire <a href="/wiki/Len_Blavatnik" title="Len Blavatnik">Len Blavatnik</a>, for US$3.3 billion in cash.<a href="#cite_note-Blavatnik-73">[72]</a> The price represented $8.25 a share; a 34% premium over the six-month-before average price, and a 4% premium over the day-before price. Overall, this was a drop of over 70% since 2007.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a>, the deal ended a three-month sale process in which as many as 10 bidders, including Los Angeles-based brothers <a href="/wiki/Tom_Gores" title="Tom Gores">Tom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alec_Gores" title="Alec Gores">Alec Gores</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Corp." class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Corp.">Sony Corp.</a> vied for the company.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> Blavatnik was a shareholder and former board member of WMG at the time of the purchase announcement.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> The purchase was completed on July 20, 2011, and the company became private.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> In August 2011, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cooper_(businessman)" title="Stephen Cooper (businessman)">Stephen Cooper</a> became CEO of Warner Music Group replacing <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bronfman_Jr." title="Edgar Bronfman Jr.">Edgar Bronfman Jr.</a>, who became chairman of the company.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> Bronfman Jr. stepped down as chairman of the company on January 31, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="EMI_label_purchase_and_divestment">EMI label purchase and divestment</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: EMI label purchase and divestment">edit</a>]</div> In 2013, Warner acquired longtime EMI division <a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/EMI_Classics" title="EMI Classics">EMI Classics</a> and some regional EMI operations, from UMG for £487 million (around $764.54 million US).<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> This news came after reports that WMG was in talks to acquire <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>'s recorded music business, which was eventually bought by <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> The European Commission approved the sale in May 2013, and Warner closed the acquisition on July 1.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> The EMI Classics roster was absorbed into <a href="/wiki/Warner_Classics" title="Warner Classics">Warner Classics</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Classics" title="Virgin Classics">Virgin Classics</a> roster was absorbed into the revived <a href="/wiki/Erato_Records" title="Erato Records">Erato Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> In November 2013, WMG paid Universal an additional €30 million for Parlophone, following an arbitration process in respect to the original sale price.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> In order to accommodate a deal made with <a href="/wiki/Independent_Music_Companies_Association" title="Independent Music Companies Association">IMPALA</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Merlin_Network" title="Merlin Network">Merlin Network</a> when it acquired Parlophone, WMG agreed to offload over $200 million worth in catalogues to various independent labels.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> The labels had until February 28, 2014, to inform Warner Music of which artist catalogues they were interested in acquiring, and said artists had to approve of the divestments.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> By March 2015, over 140 independent labels had placed bids on over 11,000 Warner Music artists valuing $6 billion, far higher than expectations.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> In March 2016, <a href="/wiki/Curb_Records" title="Curb Records">Curb Records</a> acquired Warner Music's 80% share of <a href="/wiki/Word_Entertainment" title="Word Entertainment">Word Entertainment</a>, though WMG would continue to distribute the label.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> In April 2016, the first confirmed sale of a Warner Music artist was the back catalogue of English band <a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a> to <a href="/wiki/XL_Recordings" title="XL Recordings">XL Recordings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> As of the end of May 2016, WMG had sold the catalogue of <a href="/wiki/Chrysalis_Records" title="Chrysalis Records">Chrysalis Records</a> to <a href="/wiki/Blue_Raincoat_Music" title="Blue Raincoat Music">Blue Raincoat Music</a>, as well as the catalogues of ten other artists, including <a href="/wiki/Everything_But_the_Girl" class="mw-redirect" title="Everything But the Girl">Everything But the Girl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Harley_%26_Cockney_Rebel" title="Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel">Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams" title="Lucinda Williams">Lucinda Williams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> In September 2016, <a href="/wiki/Nettwerk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nettwerk">Nettwerk</a> acquired the rights to albums by <a href="/wiki/Guster" title="Guster">Guster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Airbourne_(band)" title="Airbourne (band)">Airbourne</a> from Warner Music.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> In April 2017, Warner Music agreed to sell the independent distributor <a href="/wiki/Zebralution" title="Zebralution">Zebralution</a> back to its founders.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> On June 1, 2017, WMG divested additional artists, including the catalogues of <a href="/wiki/Hot_Chip" title="Hot Chip">Hot Chip</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buzzcocks" title="Buzzcocks">Buzzcocks</a> to <a href="/wiki/Domino_Recording_Company" title="Domino Recording Company">Domino Recording Company</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tom_Waits" title="Tom Waits">Tom Waits</a> to <a href="/wiki/Anti-_(record_label)" title="Anti- (record label)">Anti-</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Jones_(British_musician)" title="Howard Jones (British musician)">Howard Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Jr." title="Dinosaur Jr.">Dinosaur Jr.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kim_Wilde" title="Kim Wilde">Kim Wilde</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cherry_Red_Records" title="Cherry Red Records">Cherry Red Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cosmos_Music_Group" title="Cosmos Music Group">Cosmos Music Group</a> acquired the rights to <a href="/wiki/Per_Gessle" title="Per Gessle">Per Gessle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marie_Fredriksson" title="Marie Fredriksson">Marie Fredriksson</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Neil_Finn" title="Neil Finn">Neil Finn</a>'s catalogue moved to his Lester Records label.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> On July 6, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Because_Music" title="Because Music">Because Music</a> acquired 10 French artists, most of <a href="/wiki/London_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="London Records">London Records</a>' back catalogue, and <a href="/wiki/The_Beta_Band" title="The Beta Band">The Beta Band</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Concord_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Concord Music">Concord Music</a> acquired albums by <a href="/wiki/Jewel_(singer)" title="Jewel (singer)">Jewel</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_Mendes" title="Sérgio Mendes">Sérgio Mendes</a>, <a href="/wiki/R.E.M." title="R.E.M.">R.E.M.</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Traveling_Wilburys" title="Traveling Wilburys">Traveling Wilburys</a>, and several rock, blues, and jazz artists.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> In August 2017, <a href="/wiki/The_Lemonheads" title="The Lemonheads">The Lemonheads</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Groundhogs" title="The Groundhogs">The Groundhogs</a> were transferred to <a href="/wiki/Fire_Records_(UK)" title="Fire Records (UK)">Fire Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> In October 2017, <a href="/wiki/Strut_Records" title="Strut Records">Strut Records</a> acquired albums by <a href="/wiki/Patrice_Rushen" title="Patrice Rushen">Patrice Rushen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Makeba" title="Miriam Makeba">Miriam Makeba</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> In November 2017, <a href="/wiki/T.I." title="T.I.">T.I.</a>'s catalogue was sold to <a href="/wiki/Cinq_Music_Group" title="Cinq Music Group">Cinq Music Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> Woah Dad! (and later <a href="/wiki/Round_Hill_Music" title="Round Hill Music">Round Hill Music</a>) acquired over 20 catalogues, including those of <a href="/wiki/Ziggy_Marley" title="Ziggy Marley">Ziggy Marley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estelle_(musician)" title="Estelle (musician)">Estelle</a>, and several Swedish artists. while <a href="/wiki/Believe_Digital" class="mw-redirect" title="Believe Digital">Believe Digital</a> acquired the rights to <a href="/wiki/EMF_(band)" title="EMF (band)">EMF</a> and several French artists.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> In April 2018, <a href="/wiki/Razor_%26_Tie" title="Razor & Tie">RT Industries</a> acquired seven catalogues from WMG, including <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray" title="Sugar Ray">Sugar Ray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fat_Joe" title="Fat Joe">Fat Joe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> In May 2018, New State Music acquired the catalogues of <a href="/wiki/Paul_Oakenfold" title="Paul Oakenfold">Paul Oakenfold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dirty_Vegas" title="Dirty Vegas">Dirty Vegas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Other winning bidders included <a href="/wiki/The_Echo_Label" title="The Echo Label">The Echo Label</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dolby" title="Thomas Dolby">Thomas Dolby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigue_Sigue_Sputnik" title="Sigue Sigue Sputnik">Sigue Sigue Sputnik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Supergrass" title="Supergrass">Supergrass</a>), <a href="/wiki/Nature_Sounds" title="Nature Sounds">Nature Sounds</a> (<a href="/wiki/Roy_Ayers" title="Roy Ayers">Roy Ayers</a>), The state51 Conspiracy (<a href="/wiki/Donovan" title="Donovan">Donovan</a>), <a href="/wiki/PIAS_Recordings" title="PIAS Recordings">PIAS Recordings</a> (<a href="/wiki/Failure_(band)" title="Failure (band)">Failure</a>), Evolution Music Group (<a href="/wiki/Mr._Big_(American_band)" title="Mr. Big (American band)">Mr. Big</a>), <a href="/wiki/Playground_Music_Scandinavia" title="Playground Music Scandinavia">Playground Music Scandinavia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Olle_Adolphson" title="Olle Adolphson">Olle Adolphson</a>), <a href="/wiki/Metal_Blade_Records" title="Metal Blade Records">Metal Blade Records</a> (<a href="/wiki/King_Diamond" title="King Diamond">King Diamond</a>), <a href="/wiki/Snapper_Music" title="Snapper Music">Snapper Music</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mansun" title="Mansun">Mansun</a>) and its sublabel <a href="/wiki/Kscope" title="Kscope">Kscope</a> (<a href="/wiki/Porcupine_Tree" title="Porcupine Tree">Porcupine Tree</a>), Phoenix Music International (<a href="/wiki/Lulu_(singer)" title="Lulu (singer)">Lulu</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kobalt_Label_Services" title="Kobalt Label Services">Kobalt Label Services</a> (<a href="/wiki/HIM_(Finnish_band)" title="HIM (Finnish band)">HIM</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Boy_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Tommy Boy Music">Tommy Boy Music</a> (which reclaimed its pre-2002 catalogue and the rights to <a href="/wiki/Brand_Nubian" title="Brand Nubian">Brand Nubian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Handsome_Boy_Modeling_School" title="Handsome Boy Modeling School">Handsome Boy Modeling School</a>'s <a href="/wiki/White_People_(album)" title="White People (album)">White People</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Puba" title="Grand Puba">Grand Puba</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Club_Nouveau" title="Club Nouveau">Club Nouveau</a>). All the labels had to complete their deals by September 30, 2017; though a few announcements came after that date.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Expansion">Expansion</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Expansion">edit</a>]</div> In October 2012, WMG became one of the last major labels to sign with Google's music service. It was also one of the last labels to reach an agreement with Spotify.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> In June 2013, WMG expanded into Russia by acquiring Gala Records, best known as the longtime distributor of <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> Later that year, Warner Music Russia agreed to locally distribute releases by <a href="/wiki/Disney_Music_Group" title="Disney Music Group">Disney Music Group</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> Later that year, WMG closed a deal with <a href="/wiki/Clear_Channel_Media_and_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Clear Channel Media and Entertainment">Clear Channel Media</a> that saw its artists paid for terrestrial radio play for the first time. Clear Channel would get preferential rates for streaming songs through its <a href="/wiki/IHeartRadio" title="IHeartRadio">iHeartRadio</a> service and other online platforms. It was believed that the agreement would put pressure on other big labels, including Sony and Universal, to reach similar deals.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> In 2017, WMG formed a TV and film division, Warner Music Entertainment, led by former MGM executive Charlie Cohen. In March 2020, it hired Kate Shepherd, the former head of entertainment at Ridley Scott Creative Group.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> This division paired with <a href="/wiki/Imagine_Entertainment" title="Imagine Entertainment">Imagine Entertainment</a> on a <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(American_TV_channel)" title="National Geographic (American TV channel)">Nat Geo</a> limited series <a href="/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)" title="Genius (American TV series)">Genius</a>: Aretha, which led to a co-producing and co-financing agreement for a music slate in July 2020.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> In February 2022, Warner announced acquisition of controlling interest in a <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a> based distribution label Divo Music.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International_labels">International labels</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: International labels">edit</a>]</div> On November 14, 2013, it was determined that Warner Music's releases in the Middle East would be distributed by <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Music">Universal Music</a> as a result of the integration of <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>'s branch in said region.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_India" title="Sony Music India">Sony Music India</a> would assume distribution of WMG in India, Sri Lanka, and rest of <a href="/wiki/SAARC" class="mw-redirect" title="SAARC">SAARC</a> countries except Bangladesh.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> In December 2013, Warner Music began operating the wholly owned South African subsidiary after acquiring the Gallo's stakes that it did not own.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> In April 2014, WMG announced that it had acquired Chinese record label <a href="/wiki/Gold_Typhoon" title="Gold Typhoon">Gold Typhoon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> In April 2016, WMG agreed to distribute most of <a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG Rights Management</a>'s catalogue worldwide through Warner's <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Distribution_Alliance" title="Alternative Distribution Alliance">ADA</a> division, though a few frontline releases would remain distributed by other labels.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> Around the end of May 2016, WMG acquired the Indonesian label PT Indo Semar Sakti.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Warner Music UK launched <a href="/wiki/The_Firepit" class="mw-redirect" title="The Firepit">The Firepit</a> in May 2016, a creative content division, innovation centre and recording studio located at their United Kingdom headquarters in London.<a href="#cite_note-Billboard_The_Firepit-126">[125]</a> On June 2, 2016, Warner Music acquired Swedish compilation label <a href="/wiki/X5_Music_Group" title="X5 Music Group">X5 Music Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> In September 2017, one week after acquiring American rock label <a href="/wiki/Artery_Recordings" title="Artery Recordings">Artery Recordings</a>, WMG acquired the Dutch EDM label <a href="/wiki/Spinnin%27_Records" title="Spinnin' Records">Spinnin' Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> In February 2018, Warner Music launched a division in the Middle East, based in Beirut, Lebanon. Warner Music Middle East will cover 17 markets across North Africa and the Middle East.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> In January 2019, WMG signed a Turkish distribution deal with <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fan_Media_Group" title="Doğan Media Group">Doğan Media Group</a>, which will represent the record company for physical and digital releases.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> In May 2019, Warner Music Finland acquired the hip-hop label <a href="/wiki/Monsp_Records" title="Monsp Records">Monsp Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> In July 2019, Warner Music Slovakia acquired Forza Music, which owned the former state-owned label <a href="/wiki/Opus_Records" title="Opus Records">Opus Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> In February 2021, WMG purchased a minority stake in the Saudi Arabian record label <a href="/wiki/Rotana_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotana Records">Rotana Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Elektra_Music_Group_and_further_investments">Elektra Music Group and further investments</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Elektra Music Group and further investments">edit</a>]</div> In July 2017, Warner Music acquired the concert discovery website <a href="/wiki/Songkick" title="Songkick">Songkick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> In May, news media reported that Warner Music led an investment round in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hooch_(application)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hooch (application) (page does not exist)">Hooch</a>, a popular subscription-lifestyle application including blockchain-based payment technology.<a href="#cite_note-techcrunch-135">[134]</a> Announced on June 18, 2018, but effective on October 1, 2018, Warner Music Group launched Elektra Music Group as a stand-alone staffed music company with the labels <a href="/wiki/Elektra_Records" title="Elektra Records">Elektra Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fueled_By_Ramen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fueled By Ramen">Fueled By Ramen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Low_Country_Sound" title="Low Country Sound">Low Country Sound</a>, Black Cement, and <a href="/wiki/Roadrunner_Records" title="Roadrunner Records">Roadrunner Records</a>. A handful of major artists would transfer from Atlantic. This returned the group back to the Warner-Elektra-Atlantic (WEA) triad that had marked the original company organization for decades.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> On August 2, 2018, Warner Music announced that it acquired <a href="/wiki/Uproxx" title="Uproxx">Uproxx Media Group</a> and its properties (except for BroBible, which will continue to publish independently) for an undisclosed sum, although Uproxx has raised around $43m (£33m) from previous investment, which provides some sense of the firm's valuation.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> In September 2018, WMG acquired German merchandise retailer <a href="/wiki/EMP_Merchandising" title="EMP Merchandising">EMP Merchandising</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sycamore_Partners" title="Sycamore Partners">Sycamore Partners</a> for $180 million.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> In October 2018, Warner Music Group announced the launch of the WMG Boost seed venture fund.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> Several labels of Warner Music moved into the <a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Los_Angeles" title="Arts District, Los Angeles">Los Angeles Arts District</a> in 2019 where the company had purchased a former <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> assembly plant.<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020s">2020s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2020s">edit</a>]</div> On March 9, 2020, WMG expanded to India, creating the Warner Music India unit based in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> and handling business in other countries for the <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation</a>. Jay Mehta (former executive of <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_India" title="Sony Music India">Sony Music India</a>) would take change of the unit as the managing director in April.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> Before the division's foundation, Warner's releases were distributed in the country by <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a>/<a href="/wiki/Virgin_Records" title="Virgin Records">Virgin Records (India) Pvt.</a>, and by Sony Music India since EMI's breakup. In August 2020, Warner Music acquired Tel Aviv- and New York-based IMGN Media in a deal worth approximately $100 million.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> In September 2020, WMG acquired the online hip-hop magazine <a href="/wiki/HipHopDX" title="HipHopDX">HipHopDX</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> In 2021, WMG invested an eight figure sum into global multiplayer gaming platform <a href="/wiki/Roblox" title="Roblox">Roblox</a>. This followed WMG artist Ava Max's live performance on the platform the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> Warner Music Group had planned an <a href="/wiki/IPO" class="mw-redirect" title="IPO">IPO</a> of current investors' stock in March 2020, but withdrew its IPO just before the March 2 kick off due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> On June 3, 2020, it completed its IPO on <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>, raising almost $2 billion with a valuation of $12.75 billion, making WMG once again a publicly traded company after previously going private in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-:0-8">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-9">[8]</a> On June 12, 2020, <a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a> announced that it had purchased 10.4% of Warner Music's Class A shares, or 1.6% of the company.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> Tencent already owns 10% of shares of WMG's largest competitor, <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>, which it acquired from <a href="/wiki/Vivendi" title="Vivendi">Vivendi</a> in March. Also, this makes <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music</a> the only major music company not directly owned in any percentage by a Chinese company (it is wholly owned by the Japanese conglomerate <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>).<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> In December 2020, WMG signed a partnership deal with <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a> to provide music to their platform for users to use for their content. The deal is expected to help their revenue grow.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> In January 2023, Stephen Cooper was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kyncl" title="Robert Kyncl">Robert Kyncl</a> as CEO of WMG.<a href="#cite_note-:02-150">[149]</a> In July 2023, Warner Music Group formed a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Canva" title="Canva">Canva</a>, the graphic design platform, to add commercial music to <a href="/wiki/Canva" title="Canva">Canva</a>'s asset library and enable its customers to insert music clips to their designs.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> Also in July 2023, WMG made a music-licensing deal with <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a> which included licensing the Warner Recorded Music and Warner Chappell Music to <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a>, TikTok Music and TikTok's Commercial Music Library.<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> In September 2023, WMG opened a new creative hub in Berlin.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> Later in October 2023, Warner Music Group launched a new creative hub in Amsterdam to house Benelux units and Spinnin' Records.<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_Music">Arts Music</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Arts Music">edit</a>]</div> On June 6, 2017, Warner Music Group launched a new division, Arts Music, Inc., which transcends the pop mainstream<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> and consists of labels for classical, jazz, children's music, and music scores from films/movies and musical theaters.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> The division was placed under president Kevin Gore, who reported to Eliah Seton, President of <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Distribution_Alliance" title="Alternative Distribution Alliance">ADA Worldwide</a>, WMG's independent distribution and services arm. At the same time, Warner Classics, including the Erato label, while remaining based in Paris and continuing under president Alain Lanceron, were transferred into the new division. Also, a joint venture with Sh-K-Boom/Ghostlight Records, the theatrical music company, was formed, with founder/president Kurt Deutsch being named as senior vice president of theatrical and catalog development for Warner/Chappell Music.<a href="#cite_note-vty-159">[158]</a> In November 2018, Arts Music signed a multi-year deal with <a href="/wiki/Sesame_Workshop" title="Sesame Workshop">Sesame Workshop</a> to revive the <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sesame_Street" title="Music of Sesame Street">Sesame Street Records</a> label starting early 2019.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> In June 2019, WMG purchased First Night Record, a musical-theater cast recording company, and placed the company within Arts Music.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> On June 24, 2019, the division launched the licensed <a href="/wiki/American_Greetings#Cloudco_Entertainment" title="American Greetings">Cloudco Entertainment</a> label with the release of the current <a href="/wiki/Holly_Hobbie_(fictional_character)" title="Holly Hobbie (fictional character)">Holly Hobbie</a> theme song as a part of a multi-season deal.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> <a href="/wiki/Build-A-Bear_Workshop" title="Build-A-Bear Workshop">Build-A-Bear Workshop</a> teamed up with Arts Music and Warner Chappell Music in July 2019 to partner on the Build-A-Bear label, with Patrick Hughes and Harvey Russell.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> On May 1, 2020, toy manufacturer and entertainment company, <a href="/wiki/Mattel" title="Mattel">Mattel</a>, struck an agreement with Arts Music to become the exclusive distributor of its music catalogue.<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> The agreement at the time was to make available hundreds of "never-before-released" and newly-released albums and singles for existing Mattel properties/brands for <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">digital distribution</a>, beginning with the launch of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_%26_Friends" title="Thomas & Friends">Thomas & Friends</a>' birthday album a week later on May 8.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> As a result, the soundtrack album to <a href="/wiki/Monster_High:_Boo_York,_Boo_York" title="Monster High: Boo York, Boo York">Monster High: Boo York, Boo York</a> and other Mattel albums previously released under <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> through its film distribution agreement with <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> would be re-released under the pseudonym label: Mattel–Arts Music by ADA Worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_publishing">Music publishing</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Music publishing">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a> dates back to 1811 and the creation of <a href="/wiki/Chappell_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Chappell & Company">Chappell & Company</a>, a sheet music and instrument merchant in London. In 1929, <a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a>, president of Warner Bros. Pictures Inc., founded Music Publishers Holding Company (MPHC) to acquire music copyrights as a means of providing inexpensive music for films and, in 1987, Warner Bros.' corporate parent, Warner Communications, acquired Chappell & Company from <a href="/wiki/PolyGram" title="PolyGram">PolyGram</a>. Its printed music operation, Warner Bros. Publications, was sold to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Music" title="Alfred Music">Alfred Music</a> on June 1, 2005. Among the historic compositions of which the publishing rights are controlled by WMG are the works of <a href="/wiki/Cole_Porter" title="Cole Porter">Cole Porter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lorenz_Hart" title="Lorenz Hart">Lorenz Hart</a>. In the 1930s and 1940s, Chappell Music also ran a profitable orchestration division for Broadway musicals, with house arrangers of the caliber of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Walker_(orchestrator)" title="Don Walker (orchestrator)">Don Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Royal" title="Ted Royal">Ted Royal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spialek" title="Hans Spialek">Hans Spialek</a>. Between them they had orchestrated about 90% of the productions seen up to late 1941.<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Since 2001, the "Warner Music" name is used for Warner Music Group outside the United States </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_record_labels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of record labels">List of record labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Warner_Music_Group_artists" title="List of Warner Music Group artists">List of Warner Music Group artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Warner_Music_Group_labels" title="List of Warner Music Group labels">List of Warner Music Group labels</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmg.com/">"Warner Music Group"</a>. 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Retrieved July 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Warner+Buys+Reprise+Records%2C+But+Sinatra+Retains+One-third&rft.date=1963-08-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Schumach&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1963%2F08%2F08%2Farchives%2Fwarner-buys-reprise-records-but-sinatra-retains-onethird.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAswad2016" class="citation news cs1">Aswad, Jem (April 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7341821/warner-bros-ceo-mo-ostin-prince">"Former Warner Bros. CEO Mo Ostin Recalls His Long Relationship With Prince: 'He Was a Fearless Artist'"</a>. 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Billboard. p. 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=WEA+at+25&rft.pages=36&rft.date=1996-08-31&rft.aulast=Seay&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Goodman, 1997, p. 146 </li> <li id="cite_note-rhino.com-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rhino.com_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rhino.com_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rhino.com/article/stay-tuned-by-stan-cornyn-maitland-moves-on">"Stay Tuned By Stan Cornyn: Maitland Moves On"</a>. rhino.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150202200329/http://www.rhino.com/article/stay-tuned-by-stan-cornyn-maitland-moves-on">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2015. Retrieved February 2, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rhino.com&rft.atitle=Stay+Tuned+By+Stan+Cornyn%3A+Maitland+Moves+On&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhino.com%2Farticle%2Fstay-tuned-by-stan-cornyn-maitland-moves-on&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Goodman, 1997, pp. 146–147 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Goodman, 1997, p. 248 </li> <li id="cite_note-Kinney_Record_Group_International-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Kinney_Record_Group_International_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discogs.com/label/640338-Kinney-Record-Group-International">"Kinney Record Group International"</a>. 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July 3, 1971. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Kinney+Set+Up+Distrib+Corp+To+Handle+Labels+in+8+Key+Cities&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1971-07-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlevins1971" class="citation news cs1">Blevins, Brian (March 27, 1971). "Kinney-CBS Enters Joint Distrib and Pressing Deal in England". 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200901012649/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/05/us/time-inc-and-warner-to-merge-creating-largest-media-company.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Time+Inc.+and+Warner+to+Merge%2C+Creating+Largest+Media+Company&rft.date=1989-03-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Norris&rft.aufirst=Floyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F03%2F05%2Fus%2Ftime-inc-and-warner-to-merge-creating-largest-media-company.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen1992" class="citation news cs1">Cohen, Roger (December 21, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/21/obituaries/the-creator-of-time-warner-steven-j-ross-is-dead-at-65.html">"The Creator of Time Warner, Steven J. Ross, Is Dead at 65"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509131107/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/21/obituaries/the-creator-of-time-warner-steven-j-ross-is-dead-at-65.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Creator+of+Time+Warner%2C+Steven+J.+Ross%2C+Is+Dead+at+65&rft.date=1992-12-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F12%2F21%2Fobituaries%2Fthe-creator-of-time-warner-steven-j-ross-is-dead-at-65.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Philips1995-05-03-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips1995-05-03_37-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1995" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Chuck (May 3, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-05-03-fi-61908-story.html">"Warner Music Chief Expected to Quit Today"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618173658/http://articles.latimes.com/1995-05-03/business/fi-61908_1_warner-music-group">Archived</a> from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved June 21, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Chief+Expected+to+Quit+Today&rft.date=1995-05-03&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-05-03-fi-61908-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRule1993" class="citation news cs1">Rule, Sheila (January 29, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/29/arts/ice-t-and-warner-are-parting-company.html">"Ice-T and Warner Are Parting Company"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829233827/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/29/arts/ice-t-and-warner-are-parting-company.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ice-T+and+Warner+Are+Parting+Company&rft.date=1993-01-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rule&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F01%2F29%2Farts%2Fice-t-and-warner-are-parting-company.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofmeister1994" class="citation news cs1">Hofmeister, Sallie (November 1, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/01/business/the-media-business-rifts-shake-and-rattle-warner-music.html">"THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Rifts Shake and Rattle Warner Music"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190823194048/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/01/business/the-media-business-rifts-shake-and-rattle-warner-music.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+MEDIA+BUSINESS%3B+Rifts+Shake+and+Rattle+Warner+Music&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hofmeister&rft.aufirst=Sallie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F01%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-rifts-shake-and-rattle-warner-music.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips1994" class="citation news cs1">Phillips, Chuck (August 16, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-16-fi-27820-story.html">"Company Town at Warner Bros. Records, Mo Ostin Loyal to the End"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618092055/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-08-16/business/fi-27820_1_warner-bros">Archived</a> from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Company+Town+at+Warner+Bros.+Records%2C+Mo+Ostin+Loyal+to+the+End&rft.date=1994-08-16&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1994-08-16-fi-27820-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140328111004/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=34768724&privcapId=25409512">"Michael Ostin: Executive Profile & Biography – Businessweek"</a>. Businessweek.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=34768724&privcapId=25409512">the original</a> on March 28, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Businessweek.com&rft.atitle=Michael+Ostin%3A+Executive+Profile+%26+Biography+%E2%80%93+Businessweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvesting.businessweek.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fperson.asp%3FpersonId%3D34768724%26privcapId%3D25409512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofmeister1994" class="citation news cs1">Hofmeister, Sallie (October 28, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/28/business/the-media-business-warner-music-officials-settle-a-power-struggle.html">"THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Warner Music Officials Settle a Power Struggle"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829233826/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/28/business/the-media-business-warner-music-officials-settle-a-power-struggle.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+MEDIA+BUSINESS%3B+Warner+Music+Officials+Settle+a+Power+Struggle&rft.date=1994-10-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hofmeister&rft.aufirst=Sallie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F10%2F28%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-warner-music-officials-settle-a-power-struggle.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landler1995-05-04-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Landler1995-05-04_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landler1995-05-04_43-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler1995" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (May 4, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/04/business/the-media-business-time-warner-replaces-chairman-of-music-group-with-hbo-chief.html">"THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Time Warner Replaces Chairman Of Music Group With HBO Chief"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829233824/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/04/business/the-media-business-time-warner-replaces-chairman-of-music-group-with-hbo-chief.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+MEDIA+BUSINESS%3B+Time+Warner+Replaces+Chairman+Of+Music+Group+With+HBO+Chief&rft.date=1995-05-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F05%2F04%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-time-warner-replaces-chairman-of-music-group-with-hbo-chief.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestacksreader.com/bad-vibes-in-tune-town/">"Bad Vibes in Tune Town | The Stacks Reader"</a>. Retrieved November 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bad+Vibes+in+Tune+Town+%7C+The+Stacks+Reader&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestacksreader.com%2Fbad-vibes-in-tune-town%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1995" class="citation web cs1">Philips, Chuck (August 3, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-08-03-fi-31062-story.html">"Entertainment Upheaval : PEOPLE : Time Warner Fires Music Exec Melvyn Lewinter"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Entertainment+Upheaval+%3A+PEOPLE+%3A+Time+Warner+Fires+Music+Exec+Melvyn+Lewinter&rft.date=1995-08-03&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-08-03-fi-31062-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1995" class="citation web cs1">Philips, Chuck (February 3, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-02-03-fi-27786-story.html">"Company Town : Warner Probes Alleged Theft of 20,000 CDs"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Company+Town+%3A+Warner+Probes+Alleged+Theft+of+20%2C000+CDs&rft.date=1995-02-03&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-02-03-fi-27786-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/1995/04/06/warner-zaps-10-in-cd-scam/">"WARNER ZAPS 10 IN CD SCAM"</a>. New York Daily News. April 6, 1995. 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Retrieved November 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Another+Ousted+Warner+Exec+Is+Expected+to+Sue+Company+%3A+Music%3A+Melvyn+Lewinter%2C+dismissed+last+week%2C+would+claim+breach+of+contract.+Firm+says+he+was+fired+for+cause.&rft.date=1995-08-07&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-08-07-fi-32326-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler1995" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (September 28, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/28/business/time-warner-to-sell-stake-in-rap-label.html">"Time Warner to Sell Stake in Rap Label"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829233825/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/28/business/time-warner-to-sell-stake-in-rap-label.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Time+Warner+to+Sell+Stake+in+Rap+Label&rft.date=1995-09-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F09%2F28%2Fbusiness%2Ftime-warner-to-sell-stake-in-rap-label.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928143809/http://cityfile.com/profiles/michael-j-fuchs">"Cityfile profile: Michael J. Fuchs"</a>. Cityfile.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityfile.com/profiles/michael-j-fuchs">the original</a> on September 28, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cityfile.com&rft.atitle=Cityfile+profile%3A+Michael+J.+Fuchs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityfile.com%2Fprofiles%2Fmichael-j-fuchs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler1995" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (November 17, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/17/business/the-media-business-the-music-and-the-dissonance-at-time-warner.html">"THE MEDIA BUSINESS;The Music, and the Dissonance, at Time Warner"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829233825/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/17/business/the-media-business-the-music-and-the-dissonance-at-time-warner.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+MEDIA+BUSINESS%3BThe+Music%2C+and+the+Dissonance%2C+at+Time+Warner&rft.date=1995-11-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F11%2F17%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-the-music-and-the-dissonance-at-time-warner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1995" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Chuck (November 17, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-11-17-fi-4210-story.html">"Company Town : SHAKE-UP AT TIME WARNER : A Very Bizarre Year at Time Warner : Chronology: Industry waits to see if established and new artists defect to rivals in wake of executive turnover at music giant"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120707001753/http://articles.latimes.com/1995-11-17/business/fi-4210_1_time-warner/2">Archived</a> from the original on July 7, 2012. 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July 1, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130708193306/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1568720/warner-music-group-closes-on-acquisition-of-parlophone-label-group">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Music+Group+Closes+on+Acquisition+of+Parlophone+Label+Group&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fglobal%2F1568720%2Fwarner-music-group-closes-on-acquisition-of-parlophone-label-group&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classical-music.com/news/warner-clarifies-future-emi-and-virgin-classics-artists">"Warner clarifies future of EMI and Virgin Classics artists"</a>. classical-music.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141129093332/http://www.classical-music.com/news/warner-clarifies-future-emi-and-virgin-classics-artists">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=classical-music.com&rft.atitle=Warner+clarifies+future+of+EMI+and+Virgin+Classics+artists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classical-music.com%2Fnews%2Fwarner-clarifies-future-emi-and-virgin-classics-artists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngham2015" class="citation web cs1">Ingham, Tim (August 3, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-group-paid-more-money-for-parlophone-than-we-thought">"Warner Music Group paid more money for Parlophone than we thought..."</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide" title="Music Business Worldwide">Music Business Worldwide</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150806101515/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-group-paid-more-money-for-parlophone-than-we-thought/">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2015. Retrieved August 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Group+paid+more+money+for+Parlophone+than+we+thought...&rft.date=2015-08-03&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-music-group-paid-more-money-for-parlophone-than-we-thought&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/5923064/warner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies">"Warner Music Begins Auctioning Off Assets to Indies Following Parlophone Acquisition"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180801014524/https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/5923064/warner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2018. Retrieved July 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Begins+Auctioning+Off+Assets+to+Indies+Following+Parlophone+Acquisition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Frecord-labels%2F5923064%2Fwarner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/5923064/warner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies">"Warner Music Begins Auctioning Off Assets to Indies Following Parlophone Acquisition"</a>. Billboard.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171115115254/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/record-labels/5923064/warner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billboard.com&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Begins+Auctioning+Off+Assets+to+Indies+Following+Parlophone+Acquisition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Frecord-labels%2F5923064%2Fwarner-music-begins-auctioning-off-assets-to-indies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngham2015" class="citation web cs1">Ingham, Tim (March 19, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-50-times-oversubscribed-as-140-indies-bid-for-assets/">"Warner '50 times oversubscribed' as 140 indies bid for assets"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150816030349/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-50-times-oversubscribed-as-140-indies-bid-for-assets/">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2015. Retrieved August 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Warner+%2750+times+oversubscribed%27+as+140+indies+bid+for+assets&rft.date=2015-03-19&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-50-times-oversubscribed-as-140-indies-bid-for-assets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tennessean.com/story/money/industries/music/2016/03/02/curb-records-acquires-word-entertainment/81230554">"Curb Records acquires Word Entertainment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Tennessean" title="The Tennessean">The Tennessean</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230708170425/https://www.tennessean.com/story/money/industries/music/2016/03/02/curb-records-acquires-word-entertainment/81230554/">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2023. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessean&rft.atitle=Curb+Records+acquires+Word+Entertainment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tennessean.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2Findustries%2Fmusic%2F2016%2F03%2F02%2Fcurb-records-acquires-word-entertainment%2F81230554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://consequenceofsound.net/2016/04/radioheads-back-catalog-purchased-by-xl-recordings-report/">"Radiohead's back catalog purchased by XL Recordings: Report"</a>. Billboard. April 4, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160405153729/http://consequenceofsound.net/2016/04/radioheads-back-catalog-purchased-by-xl-recordings-report/">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved April 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radiohead%27s+back+catalog+purchased+by+XL+Recordings%3A+Report&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=2016-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconsequenceofsound.net%2F2016%2F04%2Fradioheads-back-catalog-purchased-by-xl-recordings-report%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-chrysalis-records-back-to-chris-wright-and-blue-raincoat/">"Warner sells Chrysalis Records back to Chris Wright and Blue Raincoat"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. June 1, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603213321/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-chrysalis-records-back-to-chris-wright-and-blue-raincoat">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+sells+Chrysalis+Records+back+to+Chris+Wright+and+Blue+Raincoat&rft.pub=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-sells-chrysalis-records-back-to-chris-wright-and-blue-raincoat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarner2017" class="citation web cs1">Garner, George (July 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/girl-power-inside-chrysalis-new-deal-for-everything-but-the-girl-s-catalogue/069191">"Girl power: Inside Chrysalis' new deal for Everything But The Girl's catalogue"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Week" title="Music Week">Music Week</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170924144802/http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/girl-power-inside-chrysalis-new-deal-for-everything-but-the-girl-s-catalogue/069191">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Week&rft.atitle=Girl+power%3A+Inside+Chrysalis%27+new+deal+for+Everything+But+The+Girl%27s+catalogue&rft.date=2017-07-18&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Flabels%2Fread%2Fgirl-power-inside-chrysalis-new-deal-for-everything-but-the-girl-s-catalogue%2F069191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/now-warner-sells-records-by-athlete-steve-harley-and-more-to-chrysalis/">"Now Warner sells records by Athlete, Steve Harley and more to Chrysalis – Music Business Worldwide"</a>. Musicweek.com. July 7, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706064051/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/now-warner-sells-records-by-athlete-steve-harley-and-more-to-chrysalis/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Musicweek.com&rft.atitle=Now+Warner+sells+records+by+Athlete%2C+Steve+Harley+and+more+to+Chrysalis+%E2%80%93+Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2016-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fnow-warner-sells-records-by-athlete-steve-harley-and-more-to-chrysalis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/chrysalis-acquires-parlophone-catalogues-under-divestment-deal/070316">"Chrysalis acquires Parlophone catalogues under divestment deal"</a>. Musicweek.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171204230956/http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/chrysalis-acquires-parlophone-catalogues-under-divestment-deal/070316">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Musicweek.com&rft.atitle=Chrysalis+acquires+Parlophone+catalogues+under+divestment+deal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Flabels%2Fread%2Fchrysalis-acquires-parlophone-catalogues-under-divestment-deal%2F070316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-artist-catalogues-nettwerk-divestment-process-picks-pace/">"Warner sells assets to Nettwerk as divestment process picks up pace"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. September 28, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316204801/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-artist-catalogues-nettwerk-divestment-process-picks-pace/">Archived</a> from the original on March 16, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+sells+assets+to+Nettwerk+as+divestment+process+picks+up+pace&rft.pub=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2016-09-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-sells-artist-catalogues-nettwerk-divestment-process-picks-pace%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/digital-and-mobile/7744636/warner-music-sells-digital-distributor-zebralution">"Warner Music Sells Digital Distributor Zebralution"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170403214039/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/digital-and-mobile/7744636/warner-music-sells-digital-distributor-zebralution">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2017. Retrieved April 3, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Music+Sells+Digital+Distributor+Zebralution&rft.pub=Billboard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fdigital-and-mobile%2F7744636%2Fwarner-music-sells-digital-distributor-zebralution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/cherry-red-set-to-capitalise-on-warner-divestment/068542">"Cherry Red set to capitalise on Warner divestment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Week" title="Music Week">Music Week</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170814220610/http://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/cherry-red-set-to-capitalise-on-warner-divestment/068542">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Week&rft.atitle=Cherry+Red+set+to+capitalise+on+Warner+divestment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicweek.com%2Flabels%2Fread%2Fcherry-red-set-to-capitalise-on-warner-divestment%2F068542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-flurry-copyrights-indie-divestment-process-heads-towards-finish-line">"Warner sells flurry of copyrights as indie divestment process heads towards finish line"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. June 1, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170606191005/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-sells-flurry-copyrights-indie-divestment-process-heads-towards-finish-line/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved June 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+sells+flurry+of+copyrights+as+indie+divestment+process+heads+towards+finish+line&rft.pub=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2017-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-sells-flurry-copyrights-indie-divestment-process-heads-towards-finish-line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/confirms-acquisition-london-records-catalogue">"Because confirms acquisition of London Records catalogue"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. July 6, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180912091856/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/confirms-acquisition-london-records-catalogue/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2018. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Because+confirms+acquisition+of+London+Records+catalogue&rft.pub=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2017-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fconfirms-acquisition-london-records-catalogue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lesechos.fr/tech-medias/medias/010175993947-bananarama-rejoint-le-label-de-christine-and-the-queen-2107284.php">"Bananarama rejoint le label de Christine and The Queen"</a>. Lesechos.fr. August 10, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017044342/https://www.lesechos.fr/tech-medias/medias/010175993947-bananarama-rejoint-le-label-de-christine-and-the-queen-2107284.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2017. 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(February 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmg.com/news/warner-music-india-signs-deal-to-acquire-a-majority-stake-in-divo-the-largest-digital-media-and-music-company-in-south-india">"Warner Music India Signs Deal to Acquire a Majority Stake in Divo, the Largest Digital Media and Music Company in South India"</a>. Warner Music Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230322232026/https://www.wmg.com/news/warner-music-india-signs-deal-to-acquire-a-majority-stake-in-divo-the-largest-digital-media-and-music-company-in-south-india">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved May 23, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Warner+Music+Group&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+India+Signs+Deal+to+Acquire+a+Majority+Stake+in+Divo%2C+the+Largest+Digital+Media+and+Music+Company+in+South+India&rft.date=2023-02-08&rft.aulast=Communications&rft.aufirst=W.+R.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wmg.com%2Fnews%2Fwarner-music-india-signs-deal-to-acquire-a-majority-stake-in-divo-the-largest-digital-media-and-music-company-in-south-india&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/EMIMusicArabia/status/400857423516561408">EMI Music Arabia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203055614/https://twitter.com/EMIMusicArabia/status/400857423516561408">Archived</a> December 3, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> November 14, 2013. Retrieved on December 1, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJagannathan2013" class="citation news cs1">Jagannathan, K. T. (December 11, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/sony-warner-ink-licensing-deal/article5447952.ece">"Sony, Warner ink licensing deal"</a>. The Hindu. Chennai, India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131216013805/http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/sony-warner-ink-licensing-deal/article5447952.ece">Archived</a> from the original on December 16, 2013. Retrieved December 14, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Sony%2C+Warner+ink+licensing+deal&rft.date=2013-12-11&rft.aulast=Jagannathan&rft.aufirst=K.+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fbusiness%2FIndustry%2Fsony-warner-ink-licensing-deal%2Farticle5447952.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.completemusicupdate.com/article/warner-announces-launch-of-new-south-african-business/">"Warner announces launch of new South African business"</a>. Complete Music Update. December 6, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150113092304/http://www.completemusicupdate.com/article/warner-announces-launch-of-new-south-african-business/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2015. 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Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140501231815/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/6070250/warner-acquires-gold-typhoon-group-to-grow-china-presence">Archived</a> from the original on May 1, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Warner+Acquires+Gold+Typhoon+Group+To+Grow+China+Presence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fbiz%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fglobal%2F6070250%2Fwarner-acquires-gold-typhoon-group-to-grow-china-presence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/152757/warner-music-group-lands-distribution-for-bmg-cata">"Warner Music Group Lands Distribution For BMG Catalog"</a>. 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Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allaccess.com&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Group+Lands+Distribution+For+BMG+Catalog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allaccess.com%2Fnet-news%2Farchive%2Fstory%2F152757%2Fwarner-music-group-lands-distribution-for-bmg-cata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/bmg-moves-distribution-8000-albums-warners-ada/">"BMG moves distribution of 8,000 albums to Warner's ADA"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. March 7, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170313000938/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/bmg-moves-distribution-8000-albums-warners-ada/">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2017. 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Billboard.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014071016/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7385124/warner-music-uk-firepit">Archived</a> from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved December 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billboard.com&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+U.K.+Launches+Creative+Content+Division+The+Firepit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F7385124%2Fwarner-music-uk-firepit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/warner-music-group-acquires-x5-898923">"Warner Music Group Acquires Digital Compilation Company X5"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. June 2, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222053120/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/warner-music-group-acquires-x5-898923">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2017. 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February 1, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181229174327/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-group-launch-record-label-middle-east/">Archived</a> from the original on December 29, 2018. Retrieved February 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Music+Group+launches+record+company+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.date=2018-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-music-group-launch-record-label-middle-east&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStassen2019" class="citation web cs1">Stassen, Murray (January 30, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-inks-wide-ranging-deal-with-istanbul-based-dogan-group">"Warner Music inks wide-ranging deal with Istanbul-based Doğan Group"</a>. Music Business Worldwide. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190130185104/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-inks-wide-ranging-deal-with-istanbul-based-dogan-group/">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2019. 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Forbes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190603062001/https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurenalvarez/2019/05/31/warner-music-finland-acquires-indie-hip-hop-label-monsp-records/">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2019. Retrieved June 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes.com&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Finland+Acquires+Indie+Hip-Hop+Label+Monsp+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Flaurenalvarez%2F2019%2F05%2F31%2Fwarner-music-finland-acquires-indie-hip-hop-label-monsp-records&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8518809/warner-music-acquires-forza-music-slovakia">"Warner Music Acquires Slovakia's Forza Music"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709192125/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8518809/warner-music-acquires-forza-music-slovakia">Archived</a> from the original on July 9, 2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Acquires+Slovakia%27s+Forza+Music&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fbusiness%2F8518809%2Fwarner-music-acquires-forza-music-slovakia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-group-invests-in-saudi-arabias-rotana-music">"Warner Music Group buys minority stake in Saudi Arabia's Rotana Music"</a>. February 16, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216191739/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-music-group-invests-in-saudi-arabias-rotana-music/">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021. Retrieved February 18, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Music+Group+buys+minority+stake+in+Saudi+Arabia%27s+Rotana+Music&rft.date=2021-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-music-group-invests-in-saudi-arabias-rotana-music&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/digital-and-mobile/7865999/warner-music-acquires-songkick-the-concert-discovery">"Warner Music Acquires Songkick, the Concert Discovery App"</a>. 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July 5, 1943.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Boys+That+Make+the+Noise&rft.date=1943-07-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFred_Goodman1997" class="citation book cs1">Fred Goodman (1997). The Mansion on the Hill: Dylan, Young, Geffen, Springsteen and the Head-on Collision of Rock and Commerce. Jonathan Cape/Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0679743774" title="Special:BookSources/978-0679743774"><bdi>978-0679743774</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mansion+on+the+Hill%3A+Dylan%2C+Young%2C+Geffen%2C+Springsteen+and+the+Head-on+Collision+of+Rock+and+Commerce&rft.pub=Jonathan+Cape%2FRandom+House&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0679743774&rft.au=Fred+Goodman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarner+Music+Group" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmg.com">Official website</a></li> <li>Business data for Warner Music Group Corp.: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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(businessman)">Stephen Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Blavatnik" title="Len Blavatnik">Len Blavatnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lynton" title="Michael Lynton">Michael Lynton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Caren" title="Mike Caren">Mike Caren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jac_Holzman" title="Jac Holzman">Jac Holzman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Janick" title="John Janick">John Janick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Kallman" title="Craig Kallman">Craig Kallman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Stein" title="Seymour Stein">Seymour Stein</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/300_Elektra_Entertainment" title="300 Elektra Entertainment">300 Elektra Entertainment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/300_Entertainment" title="300 Entertainment">300 Entertainment</a></li> <li>300 Studios</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTA_Records" title="DTA Records">DTA Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektra_Records" title="Elektra Records">Elektra Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/300_Elektra_Entertainment#Elektra_France" title="300 Elektra Entertainment">Elektra France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fueled_by_Ramen" title="Fueled by Ramen">Fueled by Ramen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Country_Sound" title="Low Country Sound">Low Country Sound</a></li> <li>Public Consumption</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadrunner_Records" title="Roadrunner Records">Roadrunner Records</a></li> <li>Sparta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/YSL_Records" title="YSL Records">YSL Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records_Group" title="Atlantic Records Group">Atlantic Records Group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asylum_Records" title="Asylum Records">Asylum Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atco_Records" title="Atco Records">Atco Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Records UK">Atlantic Records UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Records France">Atlantic Records France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bang_Records" title="Bang Records">Bang Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Beat_Records_(Atlantic_subsidiary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Beat Records (Atlantic subsidiary)">Big Beat Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custard_Records" title="Custard Records">Custard Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_Records" title="LaSalle Records">LaSalle Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maybach_Music_Group" title="Maybach Music Group">Maybach Music Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owsla" title="Owsla">Owsla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UpFront_Records" title="UpFront Records">UpFront Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Distribution_Alliance" title="Alternative Distribution Alliance">Alternative Distribution Alliance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10K_Projects" title="10K Projects">10K Projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artery_Recordings" title="Artery Recordings">Artery Recordings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_Records" title="Compass Records">Compass Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordless_Recordings" title="Cordless Recordings">Cordless Recordings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_West_Records" title="East West Records">East West Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Carta_Records" title="Magna Carta Records">Magna Carta Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rykodisc" title="Rykodisc">Rykodisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_Pop" title="Sub Pop">Sub Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaterTower_Music" title="WaterTower Music">WaterTower Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_Street_Records" title="Williams Street Records">Williams Street Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rhino_Entertainment" title="Rhino Entertainment">Rhino Entertainment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Del-Fi_Records" title="Del-Fi Records">Del-Fi Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_Records_(Warner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant Records (Warner)">Giant Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_Entertainment" title="Rhino Entertainment">Rhino Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spinnin%27_Records" title="Spinnin' Records">Spinnin' Records</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spinnin%27_Deep" title="Spinnin' Deep">Spinnin' Deep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinnin%27_Records" title="Spinnin' Records">Spinnin' Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Records</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Mushroom_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Festival Mushroom Records">Festival Mushroom Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clover_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Clover Music">Clover Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFRR_Records" title="FFRR Records">FFRR Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium_3_(record_label)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helium 3 (record label)">Helium 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_Shop_Records" title="Machine Shop Records">Machine Shop Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maverick_(company)" title="Maverick (company)">Maverick Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonesuch_Records" title="Nonesuch Records">Nonesuch Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Records" title="Jubilee Records">Jubilee Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roost_Records" title="Roost Records">Roost Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roulette_Records" title="Roulette Records">Roulette Records</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reprise_Records" title="Reprise Records">Reprise Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sire_Records" title="Sire Records">Sire Records</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London-Sire_Records" title="London-Sire Records">London-Sire Records</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateside_Records" title="Stateside Records">Stateside Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Warner Music Nashville</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fervent_Records" title="Fervent Records">Fervent Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reprise_Records" title="Reprise Records">Reprise Records Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Records" title="Warner Records">Warner Records Nashville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arts Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erato_Records" title="Erato Records">Erato Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sesame_Street" title="Music of Sesame Street">Sesame Street Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh-K-Boom_Records" title="Sh-K-Boom Records">Sh-K-Boom Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teldec" title="Teldec">Teldec Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Classics" title="Warner Classics">Warner Classics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Distribution_Alliance" title="Alternative Distribution Alliance">Alternative Distribution Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Vision" title="Warner Music Vision">Warner Music Vision</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WEA International</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Australasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Music Australasia">Warner Music Australasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Canada" title="Warner Music Canada">Warner Music Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Latina" title="Warner Music Latina">Warner Music Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Philippines" title="Warner Music Philippines">Warner Music Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Poland" title="Warner Music Poland">Warner Music Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Sweden" title="Warner Music Sweden">Warner Music Sweden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X5_Music_Group" title="X5 Music Group">X5 Music Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music publishing and licensing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EMP_Merchandising" title="EMP Merchandising">EMP Merchandising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner/Chappell_Music_Inc._v._Fullscreen_Inc." title="Warner/Chappell Music Inc. v. Fullscreen Inc.">(Warner/Chappell Music v. Fullscreen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Strategic_Marketing" title="Warner Strategic Marketing">Warner Strategic Marketing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Warner_Music_Group_labels" title="List of Warner Music Group labels">Other labels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vevo" title="Vevo">Vevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Music_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Music Indonesia">Warner Music Indonesia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tencent" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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href="/wiki/Tencent_Weibo" title="Tencent Weibo">Tencent Weibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeBank_(China)" title="WeBank (China)">WeBank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeChat" title="WeChat">WeChat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WeChat_red_envelope" title="WeChat red envelope">Red envelope</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KuGou" title="KuGou">KuGou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Music_Asian_Music_Awards" title="Ku Music Asian Music Awards">Ku Music Asian Music Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QQ_Music" title="QQ Music">QQ Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QQ_Music_Awards" title="QQ Music Awards">QQ Music Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_Music" title="Tencent Music">Tencent Music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Classics_Media" title="New Classics Media">New Classics Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_Pictures" title="Tencent Pictures">Tencent Pictures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatshark" title="Fatshark">Fatshark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulqrum_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulqrum Publishing">Fulqrum Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funcom" title="Funcom">Funcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_Gear_Games" title="Grinding Gear Games">Grinding Gear Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klei_Entertainment" title="Klei Entertainment">Klei Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyou" title="Leyou">Leyou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athlon_Games" title="Athlon Games">Athlon Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Extremes" title="Digital Extremes">Digital Extremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splash_Damage" title="Splash Damage">Splash Damage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniclip" title="Miniclip">Miniclip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QQ_Games" title="QQ Games">QQ Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_Games" title="Riot Games">Riot Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radiant_Entertainment" title="Radiant Entertainment">Radiant Entertainment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo_Group" title="Sumo Group">Sumo Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auroch_Digital" title="Auroch Digital">Auroch Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Chinese_Room" title="The Chinese Room">The Chinese Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo_Digital" title="Sumo Digital">Sumo Digital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercell_(video_game_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercell (video game company)">Supercell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techland" title="Techland">Techland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_Games" title="Tencent Games">Tencent Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TiMi_Studio_Group" title="TiMi Studio Group">TiMi Studio Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequila_Works" title="Tequila Works">Tequila Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Rock_Studios" title="Turtle Rock Studios">Turtle Rock Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valhalla_Game_Studios" title="Valhalla Game Studios">Valhalla Game Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Arts_(company)" title="Visual Arts (company)">Visual Arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Key_(company)" title="Key (company)">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KineticNovel" title="KineticNovel">KineticNovel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeGame" title="WeGame">WeGame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yager_Development" title="Yager Development">Yager Development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/360_v._Tencent" title="360 v. Tencent">360 v. Tencent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_of_defrauding_Tencent_by_impersonating_Lao_Gan_Ma" class="mw-redirect" title="Case of defrauding Tencent by impersonating Lao Gan Ma">Lao Gan Ma fraud case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naspers" title="Naspers">Naspers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prosus" title="Prosus">Prosus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Huateng" title="Ma Huateng">Ma Huateng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Zhang" title="Allen Zhang">Allen Zhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Zhang" title="Tony Zhang">Tony Zhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yidan" title="Chen Yidan">Chen Yidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xiaonan" title="Chen Xiaonan">Chen Xiaonan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Access_Industries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Access_Industries" title="Template:Access Industries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Access_Industries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Access Industries (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Access_Industries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Access Industries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Access_Industries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Access_Industries" title="Access Industries">Access Industries</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Len_Blavatnik" title="Len Blavatnik">Len Blavatnik</a> (founder)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Access_Entertainment" title="Access Entertainment">Access Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAZN" title="DAZN">DAZN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deezer" title="Deezer">Deezer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warner Music Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Investments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NTL_Incorporated" title="NTL Incorporated">NTL Incorporated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Up_TV" title="Top Up TV">Top Up TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsman_Corporation" title="Huntsman Corporation">Huntsman Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calpine" title="Calpine">Calpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon_Productions" title="Icon Productions">Icon Productions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basell_Polyolefins" title="Basell Polyolefins">Basell Polyolefins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogatyr_Coal" title="Bogatyr Coal">Bogatyr Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acision" title="Acision">Acision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockchain.com" title="Blockchain.com">Blockchain.com</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_industry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_industry" title="Template:Music industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_industry" title="Template talk:Music industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_industry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Music industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major companies and organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Mexicana_de_Productores_de_Fonogramas_y_Videogramas" title="Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas">AMPROFON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association" title="Australian Recording Industry Association">ARIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesverband_Musikindustrie" title="Bundesverband Musikindustrie">BVMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Phonographic_Industry" title="British Phonographic Industry">BPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federazione_Industria_Musicale_Italiana" title="Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana">FIMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_the_Phonographic_Industry" title="International Federation of the Phonographic Industry">IFPI (worldwide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-M%C3%BAsica_Brasil" title="Pro-Música Brasil">PMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Productores_de_M%C3%BAsica_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Productores de Música de España">PROMUSICAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIAA_certification" title="RIAA certification">RIAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNEP" title="SNEP">SNEP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMG_Rights_Management" title="BMG Rights Management">BMG Rights Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Sony Music Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Publishing_Group" title="Universal Music Publishing Group">Universal Music Publishing Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Chappell_Music" title="Warner Chappell Music">Warner Chappell Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney_Music_Publishing" title="Disney Music Publishing">Disney Music Publishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Record labels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Record_label#Major_labels" title="Record label">Major</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_record_label" title="Independent record label">Independent</a>: <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_independent_UK_record_labels" title="List of independent UK record labels">Independent UK record labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Artists_Music_Group" title="Allied Artists Music Group">AAMG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retailers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_music_store" title="Digital music store">Digital music stores</a> (<a href="/wiki/ITunes_Store" title="ITunes Store">iTunes Store</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fnac" title="Fnac">Fnac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMV" title="HMV">HMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspien" title="Kaspien">Kaspien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Megastores" title="Virgin Megastores">Virgin Megastores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CTS_Eventim" title="CTS Eventim">CTS Eventim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Nation_Entertainment" title="Live Nation Entertainment">Live Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiveStyle" title="LiveStyle">LiveStyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticketmaster" title="Ticketmaster">Ticketmaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_genres_and_styles" title="List of music genres and styles">Major genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">Easy listening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_music" title="Latin music">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal music">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-age_music" title="New-age music">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">Rhythm and blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_music" title="World music">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sectors and roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Album_cover#Design" title="Album cover">Album cover design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artists_and_repertoire" title="Artists and repertoire">Artists and repertoire (A&R)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_industry#Business_structure" title="Music industry">Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_education" title="Music education">Music education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_executive" title="Music executive">Music executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_fashion" title="Music and fashion">Music and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_journalism" title="Music journalism">Music journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_publisher" title="Music publisher">Music publisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_store" title="Music store">Music store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_venue" title="Music venue">Music venue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Musical instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_audio_store" title="Professional audio store">Professional audio store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promoter_(entertainment)" title="Promoter (entertainment)">Promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_promotion" title="Radio promotion">Radio promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">Record label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_shop" title="Record shop">Record shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_crew" title="Road crew">Road crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talent_manager" title="Talent manager">Talent manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_promoter" title="Tour promoter">Tour promoter</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Production" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrangement" title="Arrangement">Arrangement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songwriter" title="Songwriter">Songwriter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">Lyricist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conducting" title="Conducting">Conductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_production" title="Hip hop production">Hip hop producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn_section" title="Horn section">Horn section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">Record producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_section" title="Rhythm section">Rhythm section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">Orchestrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_musician" title="Session musician">Session musician</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backing_vocalist" title="Backing vocalist">Backup singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_singer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost singer">Ghost singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_coach" title="Vocal coach">Vocal coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghostwriter" title="Ghostwriter">Ghostwriter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Sound engineer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recording_format" title="Recording format">Release formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_(music)" title="Single (music)">Single</a> (<a href="/wiki/Extended_play" title="Extended play">Extended play (EP)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twelve-inch_single" title="Twelve-inch single">12" single</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassette_single" title="Cassette single">Cassette single</a>, <a href="/wiki/CD_single" title="CD single">CD single</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maxi_single" title="Maxi single">Maxi single</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album" title="Album">Album</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_album" title="Double album">Double album</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixtape" title="Mixtape">Mixtape</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">Music video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotional_recording" title="Promotional recording">Promotional recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonograph_record" title="Phonograph record">Phonograph record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-track_cartridge" title="8-track cartridge">Eight-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Cassette" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Cassette">Compact cassette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airplay" title="Airplay">Airplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_download" title="Music download">Music download</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_streaming_service" title="Music streaming service">Music streaming service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concert" title="Concert">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_tour" title="Concert tour">Concert tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_residency" title="Concert residency">Concert residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_festival" title="Music festival">Music festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_competition" title="Music competition">Music competition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Record_chart" title="Record chart">Charts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARIA_Charts" title="ARIA Charts">ARIA Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina_Hot_100" title="Argentina Hot 100">Billboard Argentina Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasil_Hot_100" title="Brasil Hot 100">Billboard Brasil Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Hot_100" title="Canadian Hot 100">Canadian Hot 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_Chart" title="Circle Chart">Circle Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Music" title="G-Music">G-Music chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Singles_Chart" title="Irish Singles Chart">Irish Singles Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federazione_Industria_Musicale_Italiana" title="Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana">Italian singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GfK_Entertainment_charts" title="GfK Entertainment charts">GfK Entertainment charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Monitoring_Africa" title="Entertainment Monitoring Africa">Entertainment Monitoring Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oricon" title="Oricon">Oricon charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_New_Zealand_Music_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Official New Zealand Music Chart">New Zealand singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone_charts" title="Rolling Stone charts">Rolling Stone Top 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino_Chart" title="Sino Chart">Sino Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNEP" title="SNEP">SNEP singles chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverigetopplistan" title="Sverigetopplistan">Sverigetopplistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_singles_chart" title="UK singles chart">UK singles chart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HitQuarters" title="HitQuarters">HitQuarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Press" title="Hot Press">Hot Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerrang!" title="Kerrang!">Kerrang!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojo_(magazine)" title="Mojo (magazine)">Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musica_e_dischi" title="Musica e dischi">Musica e dischi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(magazine)" title="Q (magazine)">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smash_Hits" title="Smash Hits">Smash Hits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Pops_(magazine)" title="Top of the Pops (magazine)">Top of the Pops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_television" title="Music television">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_V" title="Channel V">Channel V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMT_(American_TV_channel)" title="CMT (American TV channel)">CMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuse_(TV_channel)" title="Fuse (TV channel)">Fuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnet_(TV_channel)" title="Mnet (TV channel)">Mnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV2" title="MTV2">MTV2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV_Tres" title="MTV Tres">Tr3s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_(TV_channel)" title="Much (TV channel)">MuchMusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Music_Factory" title="The Music Factory">The Music Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIVA_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="VIVA Media">Viva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Country_Network" title="The Country Network">The Country Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idol_(franchise)" title="Idol (franchise)">Idol franchise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popstars" title="Popstars">Popstars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Academy" title="Star Academy">Star Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Four_(franchise)" title="The Four (franchise)">The Four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_(franchise)" title="The Voice (franchise)">The Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_X_Factor" title="The X Factor">The X Factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_Star_(franchise)" title="Rising Star (franchise)">Rising Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Achievements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_award" title="Music award">Music award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists" title="List of best-selling music artists">Best-selling music artists</a> <ul><li>In: <a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Brazil" title="List of best-selling music artists in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Finland" title="List of best-selling music artists in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-certified_music_artists_in_Germany" title="List of highest-certified music artists in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Japan" title="List of best-selling music artists in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_female_music_artists_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of best-selling female music artists in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (Females)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-certified_music_artists_in_the_United_States" title="List of highest-certified music artists in the United States">United States</a></li> <li>Genre: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Latin_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Latin music artists">Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nationality: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Belgian_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Belgian music artists">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists_in_Brazil#Best-selling_Brazilian_artists_worldwide" title="List of best-selling music artists in Brazil">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biggest-selling_British_music_artists" title="List of biggest-selling British music artists">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_estimated_best-selling_Italian_music_artists" title="List of estimated best-selling Italian music artists">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Swedish_music_artists" title="List of best-selling Swedish music artists">Swedish</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_albums" title="List of best-selling albums">Best-selling albums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_albums_by_country" title="List of best-selling albums by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_singles" title="List of best-selling singles">Best-selling singles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_singles_by_country" title="List of best-selling singles by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_the_world%27s_highest-paid_musicians" title="Forbes list of the world's highest-paid musicians">Highest-paid musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_live_music_artists" title="List of highest-grossing live music artists">Highest-grossing live music artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours">Highest-grossing concert tours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours_by_women" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours by women">by women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_concert_tours_by_Latin_artists" title="List of highest-grossing concert tours by Latin artists">Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-attended_concert_tours" title="List of most-attended concert tours">Most-attended concert tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-attended_concerts" title="List of most-attended concerts">Most-attended concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Recording_Artist_of_the_Year" title="Global Recording Artist of the Year">Global Recording Artist of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_artists_by_net_worth" title="List of music artists by net worth">Wealthiest musical artists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Album_era" title="Album era">Album era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album-equivalent_unit" title="Album-equivalent unit">Album-equivalent unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">A-side and B-side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backmasking" title="Backmasking">Backmasking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootleg_recording" title="Bootleg recording">Bootleg recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music_industry" title="Christian music industry">Christian music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_music_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental impact of the music industry">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_track" title="Hidden track">Hidden track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_music_deals" title="List of largest music deals">Largest music deals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_recorded_music_markets" title="List of largest recorded music markets">Largest recorded music markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_albums" title="List of most expensive albums">Most expensive albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_valuable_records" title="List of most valuable records">Most valuable records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_recording_certification" title="Music recording certification">Music certification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_Advisory" title="Parental Advisory">Parental Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_sales" title="Record sales">Record sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise_album" title="Surprise album">Surprise album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_label" title="White label">White label</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/16px-45_record.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/24px-45_record.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/45_record.png/32px-45_record.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Record_production" title="Portal:Record production">Record production portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Music_industry" title="Category:Music industry">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="S&amp;P_400_companies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:S%26P_400_companies" title="Template:S&P 400 companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:S%26P_400_companies" title="Template talk:S&P 400 companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:S%26P_400_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:S&P 400 companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="S&amp;P_400_companies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_S%26P_400_companies" title="List of S&P 400 companies">S&P 400 companies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antero_Midstream" class="mw-redirect" title="Antero Midstream">Antero Midstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antero_Resources" title="Antero Resources">Antero Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ChampionX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ChampionX (page does not exist)">ChampionX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chord_Energy" title="Chord Energy">Chord Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitas_Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitas Resources (page does not exist)">Civitas Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNX_Resources" title="CNX Resources">CNX Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DT_Midstream&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DT Midstream (page does not exist)">DT Midstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expand_Energy" title="Expand Energy">Expand Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HF_Sinclair" title="HF Sinclair">HF Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matador_Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matador Resources (page does not exist)">Matador Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_Oil" title="Murphy Oil">Murphy Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOV_Inc." title="NOV Inc.">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovintiv" title="Ovintiv">Ovintiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PBF_Energy" title="PBF Energy">PBF Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Permian_Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permian Resources (page does not exist)">Permian Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Range_Resources" title="Range Resources">Range Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Pacific_Land_Corporation" title="Texas Pacific Land Corporation">Texas Pacific Land Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaris_Limited" title="Valaris Limited">Valaris Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford_International" title="Weatherford International">Weatherford International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoa" title="Alcoa">Alcoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptarGroup" title="AptarGroup">AptarGroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcadium_Lithium" title="Arcadium Lithium">Arcadium Lithium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland_Global" title="Ashland Global">Ashland Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avient" class="mw-redirect" title="Avient">Avient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axalta" title="Axalta">Axalta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Global" title="Berry Global">Berry Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabot_Corp" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabot Corp">Cabot Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemours" title="Chemours">Chemours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland-Cliffs" title="Cleveland-Cliffs">Cleveland-Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Metals" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial Metals">Commercial Metals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Holdings" title="Crown Holdings">Crown Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Materials" title="Eagle Materials">Eagle Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphic_Packaging" title="Graphic Packaging">Graphic Packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greif,_Inc." title="Greif, Inc.">Greif, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife_River_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Knife River Corporation">Knife River Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana-Pacific" title="Louisiana-Pacific">Louisiana-Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP_Materials" title="MP Materials">MP Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewMarket_Corporation" title="NewMarket Corporation">NewMarket Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olin_Corporation" title="Olin Corporation">Olin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Steel_%26_Aluminum_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.">Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gold" title="Royal Gold">Royal Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPM_International" title="RPM International">RPM International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotts_Miracle-Gro_Company" title="Scotts Miracle-Gro Company">Scotts Miracle-Gro Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silgan_Holdings" title="Silgan Holdings">Silgan Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoco" title="Sonoco">Sonoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Steel" title="U.S. Steel">U.S. Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westlake_Corporation" title="Westlake Corporation">Westlake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industrials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acuity_Brands" title="Acuity Brands">Acuity Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Drainage_Systems" title="Advanced Drainage Systems">Advanced Drainage Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AECOM" title="AECOM">AECOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGCO" title="AGCO">AGCO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASGN_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASGN Inc. (page does not exist)">ASGN Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avis_Budget_Group" title="Avis Budget Group">Avis Budget Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brink%27s" title="Brink's">Brink's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BWX_Technologies" title="BWX Technologies">BWX Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CACI_International" class="mw-redirect" title="CACI International">CACI International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Companies" title="Carlisle Companies">Carlisle Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chart_Industries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chart Industries (page does not exist)">Chart Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Harbors" title="Clean Harbors">Clean Harbors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comfort_Systems_USA" title="Comfort Systems USA">Comfort Systems USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentrix" title="Concentrix">Concentrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_%26_Main" title="Core & Main">Core & Main</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Crane Holdings">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright" title="Curtiss-Wright">Curtiss-Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donaldson_Company" title="Donaldson Company">Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emcor" title="Emcor">Emcor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EnerSys" title="EnerSys">EnerSys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESAB" title="ESAB">ESAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXL_Service" title="EXL Service">EXL Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exponent,_Inc." title="Exponent, Inc.">Exponent, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowserve" title="Flowserve">Flowserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluor_Corporation" title="Fluor Corporation">Fluor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Brands_Innovations" title="Fortune Brands Innovations">Fortune Brands Innovations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTI_Consulting" title="FTI Consulting">FTI Consulting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GATX" title="GATX">GATX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genpact" title="Genpact">Genpact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graco_(fluid_handling)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graco (fluid handling)">Graco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GXO_Logistics" title="GXO Logistics">GXO Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexcel" title="Hexcel">Hexcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insperity" title="Insperity">Insperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITT_Inc." title="ITT Inc.">ITT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBR_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="KBR (company)">KBR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirby_Corporation" title="Kirby Corporation">Kirby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight-Swift" title="Knight-Swift">Knight-Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landstar_System" title="Landstar System">Landstar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennox_International" title="Lennox International">Lennox International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Electric" title="Lincoln Electric">Lincoln Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ManpowerGroup" title="ManpowerGroup">ManpowerGroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MasTec" title="MasTec">MasTec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_Inc." title="Maximus Inc.">Maximus Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleby" title="Middleby">Middleby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSA_Safety" title="MSA Safety">MSA Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSC_Industrial_Direct" title="MSC Industrial Direct">MSC Industrial Direct</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nextracker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nextracker (page does not exist)">Nextracker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NVent_Electric_plc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NVent Electric plc (page does not exist)">nVent Electric plc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owens_Corning" title="Owens Corning">Owens Corning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paylocity" title="Paylocity">Paylocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB_Global" title="RB Global">RB Global</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RBC_Bearings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RBC Bearings (page does not exist)">RBC Bearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regal_Rexnord" title="Regal Rexnord">Regal Rexnord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryder" title="Ryder">Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saia" title="Saia">Saia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Applications_International_Corporation" title="Science Applications International Corporation">Science Applications Intl Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sensata_Technologies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sensata Technologies (page does not exist)">Sensata Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simpson_Manufacturing_Company" title="Simpson Manufacturing Company">Simpson Manufacturing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrun" title="Sunrun">Sunrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terex" title="Terex">Terex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetra_Tech" title="Tetra Tech">Tetra Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timken_Company" title="Timken Company">Timken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Toro_Company" title="The Toro Company">The Toro Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trex_Company,_Inc." title="Trex Company, Inc.">Trex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFP_Industries" title="UFP Industries">UFP Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmont_Industries" title="Valmont Industries">Valmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watsco" title="Watsco">Watsco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Watts_Water_Technologies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watts Water Technologies (page does not exist)">Watts Water Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WESCO_International" title="WESCO International">WESCO International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodward,_Inc." title="Woodward, Inc.">Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPO,_Inc." title="XPO, Inc.">XPO, Inc.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consumer Discretionary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitch" title="Abercrombie & Fitch">Abercrombie & Fitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adient" title="Adient">Adient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramark" title="Aramark">Aramark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoliv" title="Autoliv">Autoliv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AutoNation" title="AutoNation">AutoNation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_Gaming" title="Boyd Gaming">Boyd Gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Corporation" title="Brunswick Corporation">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington_(department_store)" title="Burlington (department store)">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capri_Holdings" title="Capri Holdings">Capri Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter%27s" title="Carter's">Carter's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chewy_(company)" title="Chewy (company)">Chewy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choice_Hotels" title="Choice Hotels">Choice Hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_Downs_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Churchill Downs Inc.">Churchill Downs Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Sportswear" title="Columbia Sportswear">Columbia Sportswear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocs" title="Crocs">Crocs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deckers_Brands" title="Deckers Brands">Deckers Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick%27s_Sporting_Goods" title="Dick's Sporting Goods">Dick's Sporting Goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duolingo" title="Duolingo">Duolingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Below" title="Five Below">Five Below</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_%26_Decor" title="Floor & Decor">Floor & Decor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Factory" title="Fox Factory">Fox Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GameStop" title="GameStop">GameStop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gap_Inc." title="Gap Inc.">Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentex_(automotive_manufacturer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gentex (automotive manufacturer)">Gentex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_%26_Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodyear Tire & Rubber">Goodyear Tire & Rubber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Holdings" title="Graham Holdings">Graham Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_Education" title="Grand Canyon Education">Grand Canyon Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26R_Block" title="H&R Block">H&R Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy_Limited" title="Helen of Troy Limited">Helen of Troy Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Grand_Vacations" title="Hilton Grand Vacations">Hilton Grand Vacations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt" title="Hyatt">Hyatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KB_Home" title="KB Home">KB Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lear_Corporation" title="Lear Corporation">Lear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_%26_Wonder" title="Light & Wonder">Light & Wonder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithia_Motors" title="Lithia Motors">Lithia Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macy%27s" title="Macy's">Macy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriott_Vacations_Worldwide" title="Marriott Vacations Worldwide">Marriott Vacations Worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattel" title="Mattel">Mattel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_USA" title="Murphy USA">Murphy USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordstrom" title="Nordstrom">Nordstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollie%27s_Bargain_Outlet" title="Ollie's Bargain Outlet">Ollie's Bargain Outlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penske_Automotive_Group" title="Penske Automotive Group">Penske Automotive Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_Fitness" title="Planet Fitness">Planet Fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Inc." title="Polaris Inc.">Polaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PVH_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="PVH (company)">PVH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RH_(company)" title="RH (company)">RH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Corporation_International" title="Service Corporation International">Service Corp Intl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skechers" title="Skechers">Skechers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Morrison" title="Taylor Morrison">Taylor Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempur_Sealy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempur Sealy">Tempur Sealy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Roadhouse" title="Texas Roadhouse">Texas Roadhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_Industries" title="Thor Industries">Thor Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toll_Brothers" title="Toll Brothers">Toll Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TopBuild_Corp.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TopBuild Corp. (page does not exist)">TopBuild Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_%2B_Leisure_Co." title="Travel + Leisure Co.">Travel + Leisure Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_Armour" title="Under Armour">Under Armour</a> (Class A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under_Armour" title="Under Armour">Under Armour</a> (Class C)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vail_Resorts" title="Vail Resorts">Vail Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valvoline" title="Valvoline">Valvoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visteon" title="Visteon">Visteon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy%27s" title="Wendy's">Wendy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams-Sonoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams-Sonoma">Williams-Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingstop" title="Wingstop">Wingstop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyndham_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Wyndham Hotels & Resorts">Wyndham Hotels & Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeti_Holdings" title="Yeti Holdings">Yeti Holdings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consumer Staples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BellRing_Brands" class="mw-redirect" title="BellRing Brands">BellRing Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BJ%27s_Wholesale_Club" title="BJ's Wholesale Club">BJ's Wholesale Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Beer_Company" title="Boston Beer Company">Boston Beer Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casey%27s_General_Stores" class="mw-redirect" title="Casey's General Stores">Casey's General Stores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celsius_Holdings" title="Celsius Holdings">Celsius Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Consolidated" title="Coca-Cola Consolidated">Coca-Cola Consolidated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coty" title="Coty">Coty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darling_Ingredients&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darling Ingredients (page does not exist)">Darling Ingredients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.l.f._(cosmetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="E.l.f. (cosmetics)">e.l.f. Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowers_Foods" title="Flowers Foods">Flowers Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingredion" title="Ingredion">Ingredion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_Colony_Corp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lancaster Colony Corp (page does not exist)">Lancaster Colony Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance_Food_Group" title="Performance Food Group">Performance Food Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrim%27s_Pride" title="Pilgrim's Pride">Pilgrim's Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Holdings" title="Post Holdings">Post Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprouts_Farmers_Market" title="Sprouts Farmers Market">Sprouts Farmers Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Foods" title="US Foods">US Foods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health Care</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia_Healthcare" title="Acadia Healthcare">Acadia Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amedisys" title="Amedisys">Amedisys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrowhead_Pharmaceuticals" title="Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals">Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avantor" title="Avantor">Avantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BioMarin_Pharmaceutical" title="BioMarin Pharmaceutical">BioMarin Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruker" title="Bruker">Bruker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemed_Corp.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemed Corp. (page does not exist)">Chemed Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doximity" title="Doximity">Doximity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encompass_Health" title="Encompass Health">Encompass Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enovis" title="Enovis">Enovis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ensign_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ensign Group (page does not exist)">Ensign Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Envista_Holdings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Envista Holdings (page does not exist)">Envista Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exelixis" title="Exelixis">Exelixis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globus_Medical" title="Globus Medical">Globus Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haemonetics" title="Haemonetics">Haemonetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halozyme" title="Halozyme">Halozyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HealthEquity" title="HealthEquity">HealthEquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illumina,_Inc." title="Illumina, Inc.">Illumina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inari_Medical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inari Medical (page does not exist)">Inari Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_Pharmaceuticals" title="Jazz Pharmaceuticals">Jazz Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lantheus_Holdings" title="Lantheus Holdings">Lantheus Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LivaNova" title="LivaNova">LivaNova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masimo" title="Masimo">Masimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medpace" title="Medpace">Medpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neogen" title="Neogen">Neogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurocrine_Biosciences" title="Neurocrine Biosciences">Neurocrine Biosciences</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Option_Care_Health&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Option Care Health (page does not exist)">Option Care Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penumbra_(medical_company)" title="Penumbra (medical company)">Penumbra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrigo" title="Perrigo">Perrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progyny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progyny (page does not exist)">Progyny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repligen" title="Repligen">Repligen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shockwave_Medical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shockwave Medical (page does not exist)">Shockwave Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sotera_Health&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sotera Health (page does not exist)">Sotera Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenet_Healthcare" title="Tenet Healthcare">Tenet Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Therapeutics" title="United Therapeutics">United Therapeutics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affiliated_Managers_Group" title="Affiliated Managers Group">Affiliated Managers Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ally_Financial" title="Ally Financial">Ally Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Financial_Group" title="American Financial Group">American Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaly_Capital_Management" title="Annaly Capital Management">Annaly Capital Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated Bank">Associated Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_OZK" title="Bank OZK">Bank OZK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighthouse_Financial" title="Brighthouse Financial">Brighthouse Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadence_Bank" title="Cadence Bank">Cadence Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlyle Group">Carlyle Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNO_Financial_Group" title="CNO Financial Group">CNO Financial Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Banking_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columbia Banking System (page does not exist)">Columbia Banking System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Bancshares" title="Commerce Bancshares">Commerce Bancshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_West_Bancorp" title="East West Bancorp">East West Bancorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equitable_Holdings" title="Equitable Holdings">Equitable Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_Indemnity" class="mw-redirect" title="Erie Indemnity">Erie Indemnity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essent_Group_Ltd.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essent Group Ltd. (page does not exist)">Essent Group Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronet_Worldwide" title="Euronet Worldwide">Euronet Worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evercore" title="Evercore">Evercore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Hermes" title="Federated Hermes">Federated Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidelity_National_Financial" title="Fidelity National Financial">Fidelity National Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_American_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="First American Corporation">First American</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Financial_Bankshares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Financial Bankshares (page does not exist)">First Financial Bankshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Horizon" class="mw-redirect" title="First Horizon">First Horizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FirstCash" title="FirstCash">FirstCash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FNB_Corporation" title="FNB Corporation">FNB Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_Bank" title="Frost Bank">Frost Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacier_Bancorp" title="Glacier Bancorp">Glacier Bancorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancock_Whitney" title="Hancock Whitney">Hancock Whitney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_Insurance" title="Hanover Insurance">Hanover Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_BancShares" title="Home BancShares">Home BancShares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houlihan_Lokey" title="Houlihan Lokey">Houlihan Lokey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_Brokers" title="Interactive Brokers">Interactive Brokers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_of_Commerce" title="International Bank of Commerce">Intl Bancshares Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janus_Henderson" title="Janus Henderson">Janus Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferies_Financial_Group" title="Jefferies Financial Group">Jefferies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemper_Corporation" title="Kemper Corporation">Kemper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinsale_Capital_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kinsale Capital Group (page does not exist)">Kinsale Capital Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGIC_Investment_Corporation" title="MGIC Investment Corporation">MGIC Investment Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningstar,_Inc." title="Morningstar, Inc.">Morningstar, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Community_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Community Bank">New York Community Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_National_Bank" title="Old National Bank">Old National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Republic_International" title="Old Republic International">Old Republic International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Financial_Partners" title="Pinnacle Financial Partners">Pinnacle Financial Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primerica" title="Primerica">Primerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosperity_Bancshares" title="Prosperity Bancshares">Prosperity Bancshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinsurance_Group_of_America" title="Reinsurance Group of America">Reinsurance Group of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RenaissanceRe" title="RenaissanceRe">RenaissanceRe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RLI_Corp." title="RLI Corp.">RLI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryan_Specialty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryan Specialty (page does not exist)">Ryan Specialty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEI_Investments_Company" title="SEI Investments Company">SEI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Insurance_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selective Insurance Group (page does not exist)">Selective Insurance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallie_Mae" title="Sallie Mae">SLM Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shift4" title="Shift4">Shift4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_State_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="South State Bank">South State Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Starwood_Property_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Starwood Property Trust (page does not exist)">Starwood Property Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stifel" title="Stifel">Stifel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synovus" title="Synovus">Synovus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Capital_Bancshares" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Capital Bancshares">Texas Capital Bancshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UMB_Financial_Corporation" title="UMB Financial Corporation">UMB Financial Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Bankshares" class="mw-redirect" title="United Bankshares">United Bankshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unum" title="Unum">Unum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Bank" title="Valley Bank">Valley Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voya_Financial" title="Voya Financial">Voya Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_Bank" title="Webster Bank">Webster Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Union" title="Western Union">Western Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEX_Inc." title="WEX Inc.">WEX Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wintrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Wintrust">Wintrust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Information Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegro_MicroSystems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allegro MicroSystems (page does not exist)">Allegro MicroSystems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altair_Engineering" title="Altair Engineering">Altair Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amkor_Technology" title="Amkor Technology">Amkor Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_Electronics" title="Arrow Electronics">Arrow Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspen_Technology" title="Aspen Technology">Aspen Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avnet" title="Avnet">Avnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belden_(electronics_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belden (electronics company)">Belden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackbaud" title="Blackbaud">Blackbaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calix,_Inc." title="Calix, Inc.">Calix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciena" title="Ciena">Ciena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirrus_Logic" title="Cirrus Logic">Cirrus Logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognex_Corporation" title="Cognex Corporation">Cognex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coherent_Corp." title="Coherent Corp.">Coherent Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CommVault_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="CommVault Systems">CommVault Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_Merchandising_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Crane Merchandising Systems">Crane NXT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolby" title="Dolby">Dolby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docusign" title="Docusign">Docusign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynatrace" title="Dynatrace">Dynatrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flex_Ltd." title="Flex Ltd.">Flex Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPG_Photonics" title="IPG Photonics">IPG Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyndryl" title="Kyndryl">Kyndryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lattice_Semiconductor" title="Lattice Semiconductor">Lattice Semiconductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littelfuse" title="Littelfuse">Littelfuse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lumentum_Holdings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lumentum Holdings (page does not exist)">Lumentum Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MACOM_Technology_Solutions" title="MACOM Technology Solutions">MACOM Technology Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manhattan_Associates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manhattan Associates (page does not exist)">Manhattan Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MKS_Instruments" title="MKS Instruments">MKS Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novanta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novanta (page does not exist)">Novanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onto_Innovation" title="Onto Innovation">Onto Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Power_Integrations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Power Integrations (page does not exist)">Power Integrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Storage" title="Pure Storage">Pure Storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualys" title="Qualys">Qualys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambus" title="Rambus">Rambus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Labs" title="Silicon Labs">Silicon Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermicro" title="Supermicro">Supermicro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synaptics" title="Synaptics">Synaptics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Synnex" title="TD Synnex">TD Synnex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teradata" title="Teradata">Teradata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Display_Corporation" title="Universal Display Corporation">Universal Display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishay" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishay">Vishay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vontier" title="Vontier">Vontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfspeed" title="Wolfspeed">Wolfspeed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communication Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Communications" title="Frontier Communications">Frontier Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Communications" title="Iridium Communications">Iridium Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Company" title="The New York Times Company">The New York Times Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexstar_Media_Group" title="Nexstar Media Group">Nexstar Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegna_Inc." title="Tegna Inc.">Tegna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TKO_Group_Holdings" title="TKO Group Holdings">TKO Group Holdings</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warner Music Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZoomInfo" title="ZoomInfo">ZoomInfo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Real Estate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agree_Realty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agree Realty (page does not exist)">Agree Realty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixmor_Property_Group" title="Brixmor Property Group">Brixmor Property Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COPT_Defense_Properties" title="COPT Defense Properties">COPT Defense Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cousins_Properties" title="Cousins Properties">Cousins Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CubeSmart" title="CubeSmart">CubeSmart</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EastGroup_Properties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EastGroup Properties (page does not exist)">EastGroup Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPR_Properties" title="EPR Properties">EPR Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equity_Lifestyle_Properties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Equity Lifestyle Properties (page does not exist)">Equity Lifestyle Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Industrial_Realty_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Industrial Realty Trust (page does not exist)">First Industrial Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaming_and_Leisure_Properties" title="Gaming and Leisure Properties">Gaming and Leisure Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_Realty_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare Realty Trust (page does not exist)">Healthcare Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IRT_Living&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IRT Living (page does not exist)">IRT Living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Lang_LaSalle" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones Lang LaSalle">Jones Lang LaSalle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kilroy_Realty_Corp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kilroy Realty Corp (page does not exist)">Kilroy Realty Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kite_Realty_Group_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kite Realty Group Trust (page does not exist)">Kite Realty Group Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Advertising_Company" title="Lamar Advertising Company">Lamar Advertising Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Properties_Trust" title="Medical Properties Trust">Medical Properties Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Storage_Affiliates_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Storage Affiliates Trust (page does not exist)">National Storage Affiliates Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNN_Reit" title="NNN Reit">NNN Reit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega_Healthcare_Investors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega Healthcare Investors (page does not exist)">Omega Healthcare Investors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Park Hotels & Resorts">Park Hotels & Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Physicians_Realty_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Physicians Realty Trust (page does not exist)">Physicians Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PotlatchDeltic" title="PotlatchDeltic">PotlatchDeltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayonier" title="Rayonier">Rayonier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rexford_Industrial_Realty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rexford Industrial Realty (page does not exist)">Rexford Industrial Realty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabra_Health_Care_REIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabra Health Care REIT (page does not exist)">Sabra Health Care REIT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=STAG_Industrial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STAG Industrial (page does not exist)">STAG Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vornado_Realty_Trust" title="Vornado Realty Trust">Vornado Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._P._Carey" title="W. P. Carey">W. P. Carey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Utilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ALLETE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALLETE (page does not exist)">ALLETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Corporation" title="Black Hills Corporation">Black Hills Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essential_Utilities" title="Essential Utilities">Essential Utilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idacorp" title="Idacorp">Idacorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fuel_Gas" title="National Fuel Gas">National Fuel Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Resources" title="New Jersey Resources">New Jersey Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NorthWestern_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="NorthWestern Corporation">NorthWestern Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OGE_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="OGE Energy">OGE Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ONE_Gas" class="mw-redirect" title="ONE Gas">ONE Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormat_Technologies" title="Ormat Technologies">Ormat Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_General_Electric" title="Portland General Electric">Portland General Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Gas" title="Southwest Gas">Southwest Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spire_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Spire Inc">Spire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TXNM_Energy" title="TXNM Energy">TXNM Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGI_Corporation" title="UGI Corporation">UGI Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistra_Corp" title="Vistra Corp">Vistra Corp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147938025">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/761575/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4718450-4">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2001063769">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810617327305606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007604852605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/138492417">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/85010168-8987-4540-a058-296d426c3981">MusicBrainz label</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&oldid=1262201843">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Warner_Music_Group&oldid=1262201843</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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