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liquid membrane</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: emulsion liquid membrane"> <meta name="keywords" content="emulsion liquid membrane"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="emulsion liquid membrane"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3059</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: emulsion liquid membrane</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3059</span> Application of Liquid Emulsion Membrane Technique for the Removal of Cadmium(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Aliquat 336 as a Carrier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Medjahed">B. Medjahed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Didi"> M. A. Didi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Guezzen"> B. Guezzen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work, emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique was applied for the extraction of cadmium(II) present in aqueous samples. Aliquat 336 (Chloride tri-N-octylmethylammonium) was used as carrier to extract cadmium(II). The main objective of this work is to investigate the influence of various parameters affected the ELM formation and its stability and testing the performance of the prepared ELM on removal of cadmium by using synthetic solution with different concentrations. Experiments were conducted to optimize pH of the feed solution and it was found that cadmium(II) can be extracted at pH 6.5. The influence of the carrier concentration and treat ratio on the extraction process was investigated. The obtained results showed that the optimal values are respectively 3% (Aliquat 336) and a ratio (feed: emulsion) equal to 1:1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrier" title=" carrier"> carrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title=" emulsion liquid membrane"> emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57343/application-of-liquid-emulsion-membrane-technique-for-the-removal-of-cadmiumii-from-aqueous-solutions-using-aliquat-336-as-a-carrier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3058</span> Response Surface Modeling of Lactic Acid Extraction by Emulsion Liquid Membrane: Box-Behnken Experimental Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Thakur">A. Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20S.%20Panesar"> P. S. Panesar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Saini"> M. S. Saini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extraction of lactic acid by emulsion liquid membrane technology (ELM) using n-trioctyl amine (TOA) in n-heptane as carrier within the organic membrane along with sodium carbonate as acceptor phase was optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM). A three level Box-Behnken design was employed for experimental design, analysis of the results and to depict the combined effect of five independent variables, vizlactic acid concentration in aqueous phase (cl), sodium carbonate concentration in stripping phase (cs), carrier concentration in membrane phase (ψ), treat ratio (φ), and batch extraction time (τ) with equal volume of organic and external aqueous phase on lactic acid extraction efficiency. The maximum lactic acid extraction efficiency (ηext) of 98.21%from aqueous phase in a batch reactor using ELM was found at the optimized values for test variables, cl, cs,, ψ, φ and τ as 0.06 [M], 0.18 [M], 4.72 (%,v/v), 1.98 (v/v) and 13.36 min respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title="emulsion liquid membrane">emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid" title=" lactic acid"> lactic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-trioctylamine" title=" n-trioctylamine"> n-trioctylamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12234/response-surface-modeling-of-lactic-acid-extraction-by-emulsion-liquid-membrane-box-behnken-experimental-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3057</span> Kinetics of Cu(II) Transport through Bulk Liquid Membrane with Different Membrane Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siu%20Hua%20Chang">Siu Hua Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayub%20Md%20Som"> Ayub Md Som</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagannathan%20Krishnan"> Jagannathan Krishnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The kinetics of Cu(II) transport through a bulk liquid membrane with different membrane materials was investigated in this work. Three types of membrane materials were used: Fresh cooking oil, waste cooking oil, and kerosene each of which was mixed with di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (carrier) and tributylphosphate (modifier). Kinetic models derived from the kinetic laws of two consecutive irreversible first-order reactions were used to study the facilitated transport of Cu(II) across the source, membrane, and receiving phases of bulk liquid membrane. It was found that the transport kinetics of Cu(II) across the source phase was not affected by different types of membrane materials but decreased considerably when the membrane materials changed from kerosene, waste cooking oil to fresh cooking oil. The rate constants of Cu(II) removal and recovery processes through the bulk liquid membrane were also determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport%20kinetics" title="transport kinetics">transport kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%28II%29" title=" Cu(II)"> Cu(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20liquid%20membrane" title=" bulk liquid membrane"> bulk liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20cooking%20oil" title=" waste cooking oil "> waste cooking oil </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2082/kinetics-of-cuii-transport-through-bulk-liquid-membrane-with-different-membrane-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3056</span> Nanofluid-Based Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Selective Extraction and Separation of Dysprosium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maliheh%20Raji">Maliheh Raji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Abolghasemi"> Hossein Abolghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaber%20Safdari"> Jaber Safdari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kargari"> Ali Kargari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dysprosium is a rare earth element which is essential for many growing high-technology applications. Dysprosium along with neodymium plays a significant role in different applications such as metal halide lamps, permanent magnets, and nuclear reactor control rods preparation. The purification and separation of rare earth elements are challenging because of their similar chemical and physical properties. Among the various methods, membrane processes provide many advantages over the conventional separation processes such as ion exchange and solvent extraction. In this work, selective extraction and separation of dysprosium from aqueous solutions containing an equimolar mixture of dysprosium and neodymium by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was investigated. The organic membrane phase of the ELM was a nanofluid consisting of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), Span80 as surfactant, Cyanex 272 as carrier, kerosene as base fluid, and nitric acid solution as internal aqueous phase. Factors affecting separation of dysprosium such as carrier concentration, MWCNT concentration, feed phase pH and stripping phase concentration were analyzed using Taguchi method. Optimal experimental condition was obtained using analysis of variance (ANOVA) after 10 min extraction. Based on the results, using MWCNT nanofluid in ELM process leads to increase the extraction due to higher stability of membrane and mass transfer enhancement and separation factor of 6 for dysprosium over neodymium can be achieved under the optimum conditions. Additionally, demulsification process was successfully performed and the membrane phase reused effectively in the optimum condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title="emulsion liquid membrane">emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MWCNT%20nanofluid" title=" MWCNT nanofluid"> MWCNT nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taguchi%20method" title=" Taguchi method"> Taguchi method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80725/nanofluid-based-emulsion-liquid-membrane-for-selective-extraction-and-separation-of-dysprosium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3055</span> Optimization of Samarium Extraction via Nanofluid-Based Emulsion Liquid Membrane Using Cyanex 272 as Mobile Carrier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maliheh%20Raji">Maliheh Raji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Abolghasemi"> Hossein Abolghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaber%20Safdari"> Jaber Safdari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kargari"> Ali Kargari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Samarium as a rare-earth element is playing a growing important role in high technology. Traditional methods for extraction of rare earth metals such as ion exchange and solvent extraction have disadvantages of high investment and high energy consumption. Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) as an improved solvent extraction technique is an effective transport method for separation of various compounds from aqueous solutions. In this work, the extraction of samarium from aqueous solutions by ELM was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The organic membrane phase of the ELM was a nanofluid consisted of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), Span80 as surfactant, Cyanex 272 as mobile carrier, and kerosene as base fluid. 1 M nitric acid solution was used as internal aqueous phase. The effects of the important process parameters on samarium extraction were investigated, and the values of these parameters were optimized using the Central Composition Design (CCD) of RSM. These parameters were the concentration of MWCNT in nanofluid, the carrier concentration, and the volume ratio of organic membrane phase to internal phase (Roi). The three-dimensional (3D) response surfaces of samarium extraction efficiency were obtained to visualize the individual and interactive effects of the process variables. A regression model for % extraction was developed, and its adequacy was evaluated. The result shows that % extraction improves by using MWCNT nanofluid in organic membrane phase and extraction efficiency of 98.92% can be achieved under the optimum conditions. In addition, demulsification was successfully performed and the recycled membrane phase was proved to be effective in the optimum condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cyanex%20272" title="Cyanex 272">Cyanex 272</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title=" emulsion liquid membrane"> emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MWCNT%20nanofluid" title=" MWCNT nanofluid"> MWCNT nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methology" title=" response surface methology"> response surface methology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samarium" title=" Samarium"> Samarium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66257/optimization-of-samarium-extraction-via-nanofluid-based-emulsion-liquid-membrane-using-cyanex-272-as-mobile-carrier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3054</span> Performance Study of Neodymium Extraction by Carbon Nanotubes Assisted Emulsion Liquid Membrane Using Response Surface Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payman%20Davoodi-Nasab">Payman Davoodi-Nasab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Rahbar-Kelishami"> Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaber%20Safdari"> Jaber Safdari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Abolghasemi"> Hossein Abolghasemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high purity rare earth elements (REEs) have been vastly used in the field of chemical engineering, metallurgy, nuclear energy, optical, magnetic, luminescence and laser materials, superconductors, ceramics, alloys, catalysts, and etc. Neodymium is one of the most abundant rare earths. By development of a neodymium–iron–boron (Nd–Fe–B) permanent magnet, the importance of neodymium has dramatically increased. Solvent extraction processes have many operational limitations such as large inventory of extractants, loss of solvent due to the organic solubility in aqueous solutions, volatilization of diluents, etc. One of the promising methods of liquid membrane processes is emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) which offers an alternative method to the solvent extraction processes. In this work, a study on Nd extraction through multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) assisted ELM using response surface methodology (RSM) has been performed. The ELM composed of diisooctylphosphinic acid (CYANEX 272) as carrier, MWCNTs as nanoparticles, Span-85 (sorbitan triooleate) as surfactant, kerosene as organic diluent and nitric acid as internal phase. The effects of important operating variables namely, surfactant concentration, MWCNTs concentration, and treatment ratio were investigated. Results were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) and a regression model for extraction percentage was developed. The 3D response surfaces of Nd(III) extraction efficiency were achieved and significance of three important variables and their interactions on the Nd extraction efficiency were found out. Results indicated that introducing the MWCNTs to the ELM process led to increasing the Nd extraction due to higher stability of membrane and mass transfer enhancement. MWCNTs concentration of 407 ppm, Span-85 concentration of 2.1 (%v/v) and treatment ratio of 10 were achieved as the optimum conditions. At the optimum condition, the extraction of Nd(III) reached the maximum of 99.03%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane" title="emulsion liquid membrane">emulsion liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction%20of%20neodymium" title=" extraction of neodymium"> extraction of neodymium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-walled%20carbon%20nanotubes" title=" multi-walled carbon nanotubes"> multi-walled carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20method" title=" response surface method"> response surface method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66254/performance-study-of-neodymium-extraction-by-carbon-nanotubes-assisted-emulsion-liquid-membrane-using-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3053</span> Solid-Liquid-Polymer Mixed Matrix Membrane Using Liquid Additive Adsorbed on Activated Carbon Dispersed in Polymeric Membrane for CO2/CH4 Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Chultheera">P. Chultheera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Rirksomboon"> T. Rirksomboon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kulprathipanja"> S. Kulprathipanja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Liu"> C. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Chinsirikul"> W. Chinsirikul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Kerddonfag"> N. Kerddonfag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gas separation by selective transport through polymeric membranes is one of the rapid growing branches of membrane technology. However, the tradeoff between the permeability and selectivity is one of the critical challenges encountered by pure polymer membranes, which in turn limits their large-scale application. To enhance gas separation performances, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have been developed. In this study, MMMs were prepared by a solution-coating method and tested for CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> separation through permeability and selectivity using a membrane testing unit at room temperature and a pressure of 100 psig. The fabricated MMMs were composed of silicone rubber dispersed with the activated carbon individually absorbed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a liquid additive. PEG emulsified silicone rubber MMMs showed superior gas separation on cellulose acetate membrane with both high permeability and selectivity compared with silicone rubber membrane and alone support membrane. However, the MMMs performed limited stability resulting from the undesirable PEG leakage. To stabilize the MMMs, PEG was then incorporated into activated carbon by adsorption. It was found that the incorporation of solid and liquid was effective to improve the separation performance of MMMs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20matrix%20membrane" title="mixed matrix membrane">mixed matrix membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane" title=" membrane"> membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%2FCH%E2%82%84%20separation" title=" CO₂/CH₄ separation"> CO₂/CH₄ separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title=" activated carbon"> activated carbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66253/solid-liquid-polymer-mixed-matrix-membrane-using-liquid-additive-adsorbed-on-activated-carbon-dispersed-in-polymeric-membrane-for-co2ch4-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3052</span> Using Nanofiber-Like Attapulgite Microfiltration Membranes to Treat Oily Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shouyong%20Zhou">Shouyong Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meisheng%20Li"> Meisheng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yijiang%20Zhao"> Yijiang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The environmentally acceptable disposal of oily wastewater is a current challenge to many industries. The membrane separation technologies, which is no phase change, without pharmaceutical dosing, reprocessing costs low, less energy consumption, etc., have been widely applied in oily wastewater treatment. In our lab, a kind of low cost ceramic microfiltration membranes with a separation layer of attapulgite nanofibers (attapulgite nanofiber-like microfiltration membranes) has been prepared and applied in the purification of cellulase fermentation broth and TiO2 nanoparticles system successfully. In this paper, this new attapulgite nanofiber-like microfiltration membrane was selected to try to separate water from oily wastewater. The oil-in water emulsion was obtained from mixing 1 g/L engine oil, 0.5 g/L Tween-80, 0.5 g/L Span-80 and distilled water at mild speed in blender for 2 min. The particle size distribution of the oil-in-water emulsion was controlled. The maximum steady flux and COD rejection for a 0.2 um attapulgite nanofiber-like microfiltration membrane can reach about 450 L. m-2. h-1 and 98% at 0.2 MPa. The results obtained in this work indicated that the attapulgite microfiltration membrane may represent a feasible pretreatment for oily wastewater. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attapulgite" title="attapulgite">attapulgite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfiltration%20membrane" title=" microfiltration membrane"> microfiltration membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oily%20wastewater" title=" oily wastewater"> oily wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-flow%20filtration" title=" cross-flow filtration"> cross-flow filtration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62228/using-nanofiber-like-attapulgite-microfiltration-membranes-to-treat-oily-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3051</span> Effect of Fluidized Granular Activated Carbon for the Mitigation of Membrane Fouling in Wastewater Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingwei%20Wang">Jingwei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthony%20G.%20Fane"> Anthony G. Fane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Wei%20Chew"> Jia Wei Chew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of fluidized Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) as a means of mitigation membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) has received much attention in recent years, especially in anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactors (AFMBRs). It has been affirmed that the unsteady-state tangential shear conferred by GAC fluidization on membrane surface suppressed the extent of membrane fouling with energy consumption much lower than that of bubbling (i.e., air sparging). In a previous work, the hydrodynamics of the fluidized GAC particles were correlated with membrane fouling mitigation effectiveness. Results verified that the momentum transfer from particle to membrane held a key in fouling mitigation. The goal of the current work is to understand the effect of fluidized GAC on membrane critical flux. Membrane critical flux values were measured by a vertical Direct Observation Through the Membrane (DOTM) setup. The polystyrene particles (known as latex particles) with the particle size of 5 µm were used as model foulant thus to give the number of the foulant on the membrane surface. Our results shed light on the positive effect of fluidized GAC enhancing the critical membrane flux by an order-of-magnitude as compared to that of liquid shear alone. Membrane fouling mitigation was benefitted by the increasing of power input. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20fouling%20mitigation" title="membrane fouling mitigation">membrane fouling mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-solid%20fluidization" title=" liquid-solid fluidization"> liquid-solid fluidization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20flux" title=" critical flux"> critical flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20input" title=" energy input"> energy input</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75555/effect-of-fluidized-granular-activated-carbon-for-the-mitigation-of-membrane-fouling-in-wastewater-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3050</span> Ionic Liquid Membranes for CO2 Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzana%20Sedl%C3%A1kov%C3%A1">Zuzana Sedláková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magda%20K%C3%A1r%C3%A1szov%C3%A1"> Magda Kárászová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Vejra%C5%BEka"> Jiří Vejražka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lenka%20Mor%C3%A1vkov%C3%A1"> Lenka Morávková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20Iz%C3%A1k"> Pavel Izák</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Membrane separations are mentioned frequently as a possibility for CO2 capture. Selectivity of ionic liquid membranes is strongly determined by different solubility of separated gases in ionic liquids. The solubility of separated gases usually varies over an order of magnitude, differently from diffusivity of gases in ionic liquids, which is usually of the same order of magnitude for different gases. The present work evaluates the selection of an appropriate ionic liquid for the selective membrane preparation based on the gas solubility in an ionic liquid. The current state of the art of CO2 capture patents and technologies based on the membrane separations was considered. An overview is given of the discussed transport mechanisms. Ionic liquids seem to be promising candidates thanks to their tunable properties, wide liquid range, reasonable thermal stability, and negligible vapor pressure. However, the uses of supported liquid membranes are limited by their relatively short lifetime from the industrial point of view. On the other hand, ionic liquids could overcome these problems due to their negligible vapor pressure and their tunable properties by adequate selection of the cation and anion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas%20upgrading" title="biogas upgrading">biogas upgrading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide%20separation" title=" carbon dioxide separation"> carbon dioxide separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquid%20membrane" title=" ionic liquid membrane"> ionic liquid membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport%20properties" title=" transport properties"> transport properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7577/ionic-liquid-membranes-for-co2-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3049</span> Separation of Mercury(Ii) from Petroleum Produced Water via Hollow Fiber Supported Liquid Membrane and Mass Transfer Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srestha%20Chaturabul">Srestha Chaturabul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanchalerm%20Srirachat"> Wanchalerm Srirachat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanaporn%20Wannachod"> Thanaporn Wannachod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakorn%20Ramakul"> Prakorn Ramakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ura%20Pancharoen"> Ura Pancharoen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soorathep%20Kheawhom"> Soorathep Kheawhom </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The separation of mercury(II) from petroleum-produced water from the Gulf of Thailand was carried out using a hollow fiber supported liquid membrane system (HFSLM). Optimum parameters for feed pretreatment were 0.2 M HCl, 4% (v/v) Aliquat 336 for extractant and 0.1 M thiourea for stripping solution. The best percentage obtained for extraction was 99.73% and for recovery 90.11%, respectively. The overall separation efficiency noted was 94.92% taking account of both extraction and recovery prospects. The model for this separation developed along a combined flux principle i.e. convection–diffusion–kinetic. The results showed excellent agreement with theoretical data at an average standard deviation of 1.5% and 1.8%, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title="separation">separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury%28ii%29" title=" mercury(ii)"> mercury(ii)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20produced%20water" title=" petroleum produced water"> petroleum produced water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20fiber" title=" hollow fiber"> hollow fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20membrane" title=" liquid membrane"> liquid membrane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29570/separation-of-mercuryii-from-petroleum-produced-water-via-hollow-fiber-supported-liquid-membrane-and-mass-transfer-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3048</span> Improving Gas Separation Performance of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Based Membranes Containing Ionic Liquid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Al-Enezi">S. Al-Enezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Samuel"> J. Samuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Banna"> A. Al-Banna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymer based membranes are one of the low-cost technologies available for the gas separation. Three major elements required for a commercial gas separating membrane are high permeability, high selectivity, and good mechanical strength. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a commercially available fluoropolymer and a widely used membrane material in gas separation devices since it possesses remarkable thermal, chemical stability, and excellent mechanical strength. The PVDF membrane was chemically modified by soaking in different ionic liquids and dried. The thermal behavior of modified membranes was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TGA), and the results clearly show the best affinity between the ionic liquid and the polymer support. The porous structure of the PVDF membranes was clearly seen in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The CO₂ permeability of blended membranes was explored in comparison with the unmodified matrix. The ionic liquid immobilized in the hydrophobic PVDF support exhibited good performance for separations of CO₂/N₂. The improved permeability of modified membrane (PVDF-IL) is attributed to the high concentration of nitrogen rich imidazolium moieties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVDF" title="PVDF">PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20membrane" title=" polymer membrane"> polymer membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20permeability" title=" gas permeability"> gas permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20separation" title=" CO₂ separation"> CO₂ separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotubes" title=" nanotubes"> nanotubes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70246/improving-gas-separation-performance-of-polyvinylidene-fluoride-based-membranes-containing-ionic-liquid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3047</span> CO₂ Capture by Membrane Applied to Steel Production Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra-Veronica%20Luca">Alexandra-Veronica Luca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Letitia%20Petrescu"> Letitia Petrescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steel production is a major contributor to global warming potential. An average value of 1.83 tons of CO₂ is emitted for every ton of steel produced, resulting in over 3.3 Mt of CO₂ emissions each year. The present paper is focused on the investigation and comparison of two O₂ separation methods and two CO₂ capture technologies applicable to iron and steel industry. The O₂ used in steel production comes from an Air Separation Unit (ASU) using distillation or from air separation using membranes. The CO₂ capture technologies are represented by a two-stage membrane separation process and the gas-liquid absorption using methyl di-ethanol amine (MDEA). Process modelling and simulation tools, as well as environmental tools, are used in the present study. The production capacity of the steel mill is 4,000,000 tones/year. In order to compare the two CO₂ capture technologies in terms of efficiency, performance, and sustainability, the following cases have been investigated: Case 1: steel production using O₂ from ASU and no CO₂ capture; Case 2: steel production using O₂ from ASU and gas-liquid absorption for CO₂ capture; Case 3: steel production using O₂ from ASU and membranes for CO₂ capture; Case 4: steel production using O₂ from membrane separation method and gas-liquid absorption for CO₂ capture and Case-5: steel production using membranes for air separation and CO₂ capture. The O₂ separation rate obtained in the distillation technology was about 96%, and about 33% in the membrane technology. Similarly, the O₂ purity resulting in the conventional process (i.e. distillation) is higher compared to the O₂ purity obtained in the membrane unit (e.g., 99.50% vs. 73.66%). The air flow-rate required for membrane separation is about three times higher compared to the air flow-rate for cryogenic distillation (e.g., 549,096.93 kg/h vs. 189,743.82 kg/h). A CO₂ capture rate of 93.97% was obtained in the membrane case, while the CO₂ capture rate for the gas-liquid absorption was 89.97%. A quantity of 6,626.49 kg/h CO₂ with a purity of 95.45% is separated from the total 23,352.83 kg/h flue-gas in the membrane process, while with absorption of 6,173.94 kg/h CO₂ with a purity of 98.79% is obtained from 21,902.04 kg/h flue-gas and 156,041.80 kg/h MDEA is recycled. The simulation results, performed using ChemCAD process simulator software, lead to the conclusion that membrane-based technology can be a suitable alternative for CO₂ removal for steel production. An environmental evaluation using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was also performed. Considering the electricity consumption, the performance, and environmental indicators, Case 3 can be considered the most effective. The environmental evaluation, performed using GaBi software, shows that membrane technology can lead to lower environmental emissions if membrane production is based on benzene derived from toluene hydrodealkilation and chlorine and sodium hydroxide are produced using mixed technologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20capture" title="CO₂ capture">CO₂ capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas-liquid%20absorption" title=" gas-liquid absorption"> gas-liquid absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Life%20Cycle%20Assessment" title=" Life Cycle Assessment"> Life Cycle Assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20separation" title=" membrane separation"> membrane separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20production" title=" steel production"> steel production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139411/co2-capture-by-membrane-applied-to-steel-production-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3046</span> Assessment the Influence of Bitumen Emulsion PAHs Content in Arid Land</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalil%20Badamfirooz">Jalil Badamfirooz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil wind erosion has a negative impact on the environment. Mulching is one of the most efficient soil protection techniques. Bitumen emulsion has recently been utilized as a soil cover that is sprayed directly over the soil and forms a thin film. The thin coating of bitumen emulsion prevents soil erosion and keeps moisture in the soil. Besides, some compounds release into the soil and cause environmental problems. In the present study, the effect of bitumen emulsion on the release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the soil is studied in an arid land located in the central part of Iran. The soil was Loamy-Sand and saline with a pH of 8.03. Bitumen emulsion was used in this study as mulch at a rate of 4 L m2. The effect of this mulch on soil properties was investigated after 6 months of mulch application. Then PAHs concentrations were determined in samples collected from different depths in bitumen emulsion sprayed and control soils. In general, bitumen emulsion application on soil led to a significant increase in some PAHs, which was higher than soil pollution standards critical level of pollution for commerce, groundwater protection, pasture forest, and park and residence uses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mulch" title="mulch">mulch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitumen%20emulsion" title=" bitumen emulsion"> bitumen emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arid%20land" title=" arid land"> arid land</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAH" title=" PAH"> PAH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161298/assessment-the-influence-of-bitumen-emulsion-pahs-content-in-arid-land" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3045</span> Hydrogen Permeability of BSCY Proton-Conducting Perovskite Membrane </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Heidari">M. Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Safekordi"> A. Safekordi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zamaniyan"> A. Zamaniyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ganji%20Babakhani"> E. Ganji Babakhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amanipour"> M. Amanipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Perovskite-type membrane Ba<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>Ce<sub>0.9</sub>Y<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (BSCY) was successfully synthesized by liquid citrate method. The hydrogen permeation and stability of BSCY perovskite-type membranes were studied at high temperatures. The phase structure of the powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize microstructures of the membrane sintered under various conditions. SEM results showed that increasing in sintering temperature, formed dense membrane with clear grains. XRD results for BSCY membrane that sintered in 1150 °C indicated single phase perovskite structure with orthorhombic configuration, and SEM results showed dense structure with clear grain size which is suitable for permeation tests. Partial substitution of Sr with Ba in SCY structure improved the hydrogen permeation flux through the membrane due to the larger ionic radius of Ba<sup>2+</sup>. BSCY membrane shows high hydrogen permeation flux of 1.6 ml/min.cm<sup>2</sup> at 900 °C and partial pressure of 0.6. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20separation" title="hydrogen separation">hydrogen separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perovskite" title=" perovskite"> perovskite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20conducting%20membrane." title=" proton conducting membrane."> proton conducting membrane.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54608/hydrogen-permeability-of-bscy-proton-conducting-perovskite-membrane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3044</span> Separation of Water/Organic Mixtures Using Micro- and Nanostructured Membranes of Special Type of Wettability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20R.%20Sultanov%20Ch.%20Daulbayev">F. R. Sultanov Ch. Daulbayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bakbolat"> B. Bakbolat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Mansurov"> Z. A. Mansurov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Zhurintaeva"> A. A. Zhurintaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20I.%20Gadilshina"> R. I. Gadilshina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Dugali"> A. B. Dugali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Both hydrophilic-oleophobic and hydrophobic-oleophilic membranes were obtained by coating of the substrate of membranes, presented by stainless steel meshes with various dimensions of their openings, with a composition that forms the special type of their surface wettability via spray-coating method. The surface morphology of resulting membranes was studied using SEM, the type of their wettability was identified by measuring the contact angle between the surface of membrane and a drop of studied liquid (water or organic liquid) and efficiency of continuous separation of water and organic liquid was studied on self-assembled setup. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane" title="membrane">membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel%20mesh" title=" stainless steel mesh"> stainless steel mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleophobicity" title=" oleophobicity"> oleophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobicity" title=" hydrophobicity"> hydrophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20liquids" title=" organic liquids "> organic liquids </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115038/separation-of-waterorganic-mixtures-using-micro-and-nanostructured-membranes-of-special-type-of-wettability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3043</span> Kinetic and Removable of Amoxicillin Using Aliquat336 as a Carrier via a HFSLM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teerapon%20Pirom">Teerapon Pirom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ura%20Pancharoen"> Ura Pancharoen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Amoxicillin is an antibiotic which is widely used to treat various infections in both human beings and animals. However, when amoxicillin is released into the environment, it is a major problem. Amoxicillin causes bacterial resistance to these drugs and failure of treatment with antibiotics. Liquid membrane is of great interest as a promising method for the separation and recovery of the target ions from aqueous solutions due to the use of carriers for the transport mechanism, resulting in highly selectivity and rapid transportation of the desired metal ions. The simultaneous processes of extraction and stripping in a single unit operation of liquid membrane system are very interesting. Therefore, it is practical to apply liquid membrane, particularly the HFSLM for industrial applications as HFSLM is proved to be a separation process with lower capital and operating costs, low energy and extractant with long life time, high selectivity and high fluxes compared with solid membranes. It is a simple design amenable to scaling up for industrial applications. The extraction and recovery for (Amoxicillin) through the hollow fiber supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) using aliquat336 as a carrier were explored with the experimental data. The important variables affecting on transport of amoxicillin viz. extractant concentration and operating time were investigated. The highest AMOX- extraction percentages of 85.35 and Amoxicillin stripping of 80.04 were achieved with the best condition at 6 mmol/L [aliquat336] and operating time 100 min. The extraction reaction order (n) and the extraction reaction rate constant (kf) were found to be 1.00 and 0.0344 min-1, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aliquat336" title="aliquat336">aliquat336</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amoxicillin" title=" amoxicillin"> amoxicillin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HFSLM" title=" HFSLM"> HFSLM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic" title=" kinetic"> kinetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27278/kinetic-and-removable-of-amoxicillin-using-aliquat336-as-a-carrier-via-a-hfslm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3042</span> Comparative Parametric and Emission Characteristics of Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine Using Gasoline, Ethanol, and H₂O as Micro Emulsion Fuels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ufaith%20Qadri">Ufaith Qadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%20Marouf%20Wani"> M Marouf Wani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the performance and emission characteristics of a Single Cylinder Spark Ignition engine have been investigated. The research is based on micro emulsion application as fuel in a gasoline engine. We have analyzed many micro emulsion compositions in various proportions, for predicting the performance of the Spark Ignition engine. This new technology of fuel modifications is emerging very rapidly as lot of research is going on in the field of micro emulsion fuels in Compression Ignition engines, but the micro emulsion fuel used in a Gasoline engine is very rare. The use of micro emulsion as fuel in a Spark Ignition engine is virtually unexplored. So, our main goal is to see the performance and emission characteristics of micro emulsions as fuel, in Spark Ignition engines, and finding which composition is more efficient. In this research, we have used various micro emulsion fuels whose composition varies for all the three blends, and their performance and emission characteristic were predicted in AVL Boost software. Conventional Gasoline fuel 90%, 80% and 85% were blended with co-surfactant Ethanol in different compositions, and water was used as an additive for making it crystal clear transparent micro emulsion fuel, which is thermodynamically stable. By comparing the performances of engines, the power has shown similarity for micro emulsion fuel and conventional Gasoline fuel. On the other hand, Torque and BMEP shows increase for all the micro emulsion fuels. Micro emulsion fuel shows higher thermal efficiency and lower Specific Fuel Consumption for all the compositions as compared to the Gasoline fuel. Carbon monoxide and Hydro carbon emissions were also measured. The result shows that emissions decrease for all the composition of micro emulsion fuels, and proved to be the most efficient fuel both in terms of performance and emission characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AVL%20Boost" title="AVL Boost">AVL Boost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissions" title=" emissions"> emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microemulsions" title=" microemulsions"> microemulsions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spark%20Ignition%20%28SI%29%20engine" title=" Spark Ignition (SI) engine"> Spark Ignition (SI) engine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75372/comparative-parametric-and-emission-characteristics-of-single-cylinder-spark-ignition-engine-using-gasoline-ethanol-and-h2o-as-micro-emulsion-fuels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3041</span> Gas Separation Membranes Using Stability Improved Ion Gels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Hwang">Y. H. Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Won"> J. Won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Kang"> Y. S. Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since ionic liquids have a special interaction with gas specially CO2 and/or olefin, supported ionic liquids membrane (SILM) are fabricated for practical gas separation. However, SILM has a problem in practical application due to the low mechanical stability under high pressure for gas separation. In order to improve the mechanical strength of the selective ionic liquid layer, we prepared supported ion gel membrane by the formation of gel on the surface of Nylon support. The ion gel was prepared by the addition of poly(styrene-block-ethyleneoxide-block-styrene) triblock copolymer in four tricyanomethanide ionic liquids have different cation; 1-ethyl-3-methlyimidazolium tricyanomethanide, 1-butyl-3-methlyimidazolium tricyanomethanide, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium tricyanomethanide, 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tricyanomethanide using methylenechloride as a solvent. The characters of ion gel with different cation were studied. Four different gases (CO2, N2, O2, and CH4) permeance were measured at room temperature by bubble flow meter and cation effect of tricyanomethanide ionic liquids investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane" title="membrane">membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquid" title=" ionic liquid"> ionic liquid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20gel" title=" ion gel"> ion gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructure" title=" nanostructure"> nanostructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17831/gas-separation-membranes-using-stability-improved-ion-gels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3040</span> Waste Management in a Hot Laboratory of Japan Atomic Energy Agency – 2: Condensation and Solidification Experiments on Liquid Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sou%20Watanabe">Sou Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiromichi%20Ogi"> Hiromichi Ogi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atsuhiro%20Shibata"> Atsuhiro Shibata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazunori%20Nomura"> Kazunori Nomura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a part of STRAD project conducted by JAEA, condensation of radioactive liquid waste containing various chemical compounds using reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filter was examined for efficient and safety treatment of the liquid wastes accumulated inside hot laboratories. NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> ion in the feed solution was successfully concentrated, and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> ion involved in the effluents became lower than target value; 100 ppm. Solidification of simulated aqueous and organic liquid wastes was also tested. Those liquids were successfully solidified by adding cement or coagulants. Nevertheless, optimization in materials for confinement of chemicals is required for long time storage of the final solidified wastes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation" title="condensation">condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactive%20liquid%20waste" title=" radioactive liquid waste"> radioactive liquid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidification" title=" solidification"> solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STRAD%20project" title=" STRAD project"> STRAD project</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104557/waste-management-in-a-hot-laboratory-of-japan-atomic-energy-agency-2-condensation-and-solidification-experiments-on-liquid-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3039</span> Numerical Investigation of Thermally Triggered Release Kinetics of Double Emulsion for Drug Delivery Using Phase Change Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Ren">Yong Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaping%20Zhang"> Yaping Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A numerical model has been developed to investigate the thermally triggered release kinetics for drug delivery using phase change material as shell of microcapsules. Biocompatible material n-Eicosane is used as demonstration. PCM shell of microcapsule will remain in solid form after the drug is taken, so the drug will be encapsulated by the shell, and will not be released until the target body part of lesion is exposed to external heat source, which will thermally trigger the release kinetics, leading to solid-to-liquid phase change. The findings can lead to better understanding on the key effects influencing the phase change process for drug delivery applications. The facile approach to release drug from core/shell structure of microcapsule can be well integrated with organic solvent free fabrication of microcapsules, using double emulsion as template in microfluidic aqueous two phase system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change%20material" title="phase change material">phase change material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20release%20kinetics" title=" drug release kinetics"> drug release kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20emulsion" title=" double emulsion"> double emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidics" title=" microfluidics"> microfluidics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22132/numerical-investigation-of-thermally-triggered-release-kinetics-of-double-emulsion-for-drug-delivery-using-phase-change-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3038</span> Electrospinning Preparation of Superhydrophobic Polydimethylsiloxane/Polystyrene Nanofibrous Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yu%20Chang">Chia-Yu Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Lin"> Yi-Feng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CO2 capture has attracted significant research attention due to global warming. Among the various CO2 capture methods, membrane technology has proven to be highly efficient in capturing CO2 due to the ease at which this technology can be scaled up, its low energy consumptions, small area requirements and overall environmental friendliness for use by industrial plants. Capturing CO2 is to use a membrane contactor with a combination of water-repellent porous membranes and chemical absorption processes. In a CO2 membrane contactor system, CO2 passes through a hydrophobic porous membrane in the gas phase to contact the amine absorbent in the liquid phase. Consequently, additional CO2 gas is absorbed by amine absorbents. This study examines highly porous Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/Polystyrene (PS) Nanofibrous Membranes and successfully coated onto a macroporous Al2O3 membrane. The performance of these materials in a membrane contactor system for CO2 absorption is also investigated. Compared with pristine PS nanofibrous membranes, the PDMS/PS nanofibrous membranes exhibit greater solvent resistance and mechanical strength, making them more suitable for use in CO2 capture by the membrane contactor. The resulting hydrophobic membrane contactor also demonstrates the potential for large-scale CO2 absorption during post-combustion processes in power plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20capture" title="CO2 capture">CO2 capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polystyrene" title=" polystyrene"> polystyrene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polydimethylsiloxane" title=" polydimethylsiloxane"> polydimethylsiloxane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superhydrophobic" title=" superhydrophobic"> superhydrophobic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21442/electrospinning-preparation-of-superhydrophobic-polydimethylsiloxanepolystyrene-nanofibrous-membranes-for-carbon-dioxide-capture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3037</span> Nano-emulsion/Nano-suspension as Precursors for Oral Dissolvable Film to Enhance Bioavalabilty for Poor-water Solubility Drugs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Yang">Yuan Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mickey%20Lam"> Mickey Lam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oral dissolvable films have been considered as a unique alternative approach to conventional oral dosage forms. The films could be administrated via the gastrointestinal tract as conventional dosages or through sublingual/buccal mucosa membranes, which could enhance drug bioavailability by avoiding the first-pass effect and improving permeability due to high blood flow and lymphatic circulation. This work has described a state-of-art technic using nano-emulsion/nano-suspension as a precursor for the film to enhance the bioavailability of BCS class II drugs. The drug molecules are consequentially processed through the emulsification, gelation, and film-casting processes. The gelation process is critical to stabilizing the nano-emulsion for the film-casting as well as controlling the drug release process. Furthermore, the size of the nanoparticle on the film has a strong correlation with the size of the micelles in the precursor and the condition of the gelation process. It has been discovered that nanoparticle from 200 nm to 300 nm has shown the highest permeability for sublingual administration. In one example shown in work, the bioavailability of a low solubilize drug has been increased from 10% to 24% via sublingual administration of the film. The increasing of the bioavailability was thought to be associated with the enhancement of the diffusion process of the drug in the saliva layer above the mucosa membrane and the fact that the presents of the emulsifier help lose the rigid junction of the mucosa cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20dissolvable%20film" title="oral dissolvable film">oral dissolvable film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-suspension" title=" nano-suspension"> nano-suspension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-emulsion" title=" nano-emulsion"> nano-emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142588/nano-emulsionnano-suspension-as-precursors-for-oral-dissolvable-film-to-enhance-bioavalabilty-for-poor-water-solubility-drugs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3036</span> Pion/Muon Identification in a Nuclear Emulsion Cloud Chamber Using Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kais%20Manai">Kais Manai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main part of this work focuses on the study of pion/muon separation at low energy using a nuclear Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC) made of lead and nuclear emulsion films. The work consists of two parts: particle reconstruction algorithm and a Neural Network that assigns to each reconstructed particle the probability to be a muon or a pion. The pion/muon separation algorithm has been optimized by using a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the ECC and tested on real data. The algorithm allows to achieve a 60% muon identification efficiency with a pion misidentification smaller than 3%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20emulsion" title="nuclear emulsion">nuclear emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20identification" title=" particle identification"> particle identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking" title=" tracking"> tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1437/pionmuon-identification-in-a-nuclear-emulsion-cloud-chamber-using-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3035</span> Effect of Air Gap Distance on the Structure of PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors for Physical CO2 Absorption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Shiri">J. Shiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mansourizadeh"> A. Mansourizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Faghih"> F. Faghih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Vaez"> H. Vaez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, porous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes are fabricated via a wet phase-inversion Process and used in the gas–liquid membrane contactor for physical CO2 absorption. Effect of different air gap on the structure and CO2 flux of the membrane was investigated. The hollow fibers were prepared using the wet spinning process using a dope solution containing PVDF/NMP/Licl (18%, 78%, 4%) at the extrusion rate of 4.5ml/min and air gaps of 0, 7, 15cm. Water was used as internal and external coagulants. Membranes were characterized using various techniques such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Gas permeation test, Critical Water Entry Pressure (CEPw) to select the best membrane structure for Co2 absorption. The characterization results showed that the prepared membrane at which air gap possess small pore size with high surface porosity and wetting resistance, which are favorable for gas absorption application air gap increased, CEPw had a decrease, but the N2 permeation was decreased. Surface porosity and also Co2 absorption was increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20PVDF%20hollow%20fiber%20membrane" title="porous PVDF hollow fiber membrane">porous PVDF hollow fiber membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20absorption" title=" CO2 absorption"> CO2 absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20inversion" title=" phase inversion"> phase inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20gap" title=" air gap"> air gap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13420/effect-of-air-gap-distance-on-the-structure-of-pvdf-hollow-fiber-membrane-contactors-for-physical-co2-absorption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3034</span> Ultrasonic Techniques to Characterize and Monitor Water-in-Oil Emulsion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20A.%20Alshaafi">E. A. Alshaafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Prakash"> A. Prakash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oil-water emulsions are commonly encountered in various industrial operations and at different stages of crude oil production and processing. Emulsions are often difficult to track and treat and can cause a number of costly problems which need to be avoided. The characteristics of the emulsion phase can vary with crude composition and types of impurities present in oil. The objectives of this study are the development of ultrasonic techniques to track and characterize emulsion phase generated during production and cleaning of crude oil. The position of emulsion layer is monitored with the help of ultrasonic probes suitably placed in the vessel. The sensitivity of the technique and its potential has been demonstrated based on extensive testing with different oil samples. The technique is also being developed to monitor emulsion phase characteristics such as stability, composition, and droplet size distribution. The ultrasonic parameters recorded are changes in acoustic velocity, signal attenuation and its frequency spectrum. Emulsion has been prepared with light mineral oil sample and the effects of various factors including mixing speed, temperature, surfactant, and solid particles concentrations have been investigated. The applied frequency for ultrasonic waves has been varied from 1 to 5 MHz to carry out a sensitivity analysis. Emulsion droplet structure is observed with optical microscopy and stability is examined by tracking the changes in ultrasonic parameters with time. A model based on ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy is being developed and tested to track changes in droplet size distribution with time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20techniques" title="ultrasonic techniques">ultrasonic techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion" title=" emulsion"> emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=droplet%20size" title=" droplet size"> droplet size</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74038/ultrasonic-techniques-to-characterize-and-monitor-water-in-oil-emulsion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3033</span> Study of a Developed Model Describing a Vacuum Membrane Distillation Unit Coupled to Solar Energy </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Khaled">Fatma Khaled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaoula%20Hidouri"> Khaoula Hidouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bechir%20Chaouachi"> Bechir Chaouachi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Desalination using solar energy coupled with membrane techniques such as vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) is considered as an interesting alternative for the production of pure water. During this work, a developed model of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fiber membrane module of a VMD unit of seawater was carried out. This simulation leads to establishing a comparison between the effects of two different equations of the vaporization latent heat on the membrane surface temperature and on the unit productivity. Besides, in order to study the effect of putting membrane modules in series on the outlet fluid temperature and on the productivity of the process, a simulation was executed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20membrane%20distillation" title="vacuum membrane distillation">vacuum membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20module" title=" membrane module"> membrane module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20temperature" title=" membrane temperature"> membrane temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107225/study-of-a-developed-model-describing-a-vacuum-membrane-distillation-unit-coupled-to-solar-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3032</span> Design Procedure of Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Shanbara">Hayder Shanbara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicite%20Ruddock"> Felicite Ruddock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Atherton"> William Atherton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al-Rifaie"> Ali Al-Rifaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In highways construction, Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is used predominantly as a paving material from many years. Around 90 percent of the world road network is laid by flexible pavements. However, there are some restrictions on paving hot mix asphalt such as immoderate greenhouse gas emission, rainy season difficulties, fuel and energy consumption and cost. Therefore, Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixture (CBEM) is considered an alternative mix to the HMA. CBEM is the popular type of Cold Mix Asphalt (CMA). It is unheated emulsion, aggregate and filler mixtures, which can be prepared and mixed at ambient temperature. This research presents a simple and more practicable design procedure of CBEM and discusses limitations of this design. CBEM is a mixture of bitumen emulsion and aggregates that mixed and produced at ambient temperature. It is relatively easy to produce, but the design procedure that provided by Asphalt Institute (Manual Series 14 (1989)) pose some issues in its practical application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20bitumen" title="cold bitumen">cold bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20mixture" title=" emulsion mixture"> emulsion mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20procedure" title=" design procedure"> design procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement" title=" pavement"> pavement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76521/design-procedure-of-cold-bitumen-emulsion-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3031</span> Development of Protein-based Emulsion Gels For Food Structuring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baigts-Allende%20Diana">Baigts-Allende Diana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klojdov%C3%A1%20Iveta"> Klojdová Iveta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kozlu%20Ali"> Kozlu Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metri-ojeda%20Jorge"> Metri-ojeda Jorge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emulsion gels are constituted by a colloidal system (emulsion) stabilized by a polymeric gel matrix. These systems are more homogeneous and stable than conventional emulsions and can behave as either gel-like or soft-solid. Protein-based emulsion gels (PEG) have been used as carrier systems of bioactive compounds and as food structuring to improve the texture and consistency, mainly in producing low-fat content products. This work studied the effect of protein: polysaccharide ratio 0.75:1.25, 1:1, and 1.25:0.75 (levels -1, 0, and +1) and pH values (2-9) on the stability of protein-based emulsion gels using soy protein isolate and sodium alginate. Protein emulsion capacity was enhaced with increased pH (6,7,8 and 9) compared to acid pH values. The smaller particle size for PEG was at pH 9 (~23µm); however, with increasing protein ratio (level +1), higher particle size was observed (~23µm). The same trend was observed for rheological measurements; the consistency index (K) increased at pH 9 for level -1 (1.17) in comparison to level +1 (0.45). The studied PEG showed good thermal stability at neutral and pH 9 (~98 %) for all biopolymer ratios. Optimal conditions in pH and biopolymer ratios were determined for PEG using soy protein and sodium alginate ingredients with potential use in elaborating stable systems for broad application in the food sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20gels" title="emulsion gels">emulsion gels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20structuring" title=" food structuring"> food structuring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolymers" title=" biopolymers"> biopolymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20systems" title=" food systems"> food systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175400/development-of-protein-based-emulsion-gels-for-food-structuring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3030</span> Basic Evaluation for Polyetherimide Membrane Using Spectroscopy Techniques </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Alenezi">Hanan Alenezi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Membrane performance depends on the kind of solvent used in preparation. A membrane made by Polyetherimide (PEI) was evaluated for gas separation using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The purity and the thickness are detected to evaluate the membrane in order to optimize PEI membrane preparation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Energy%20Dispersive%20X-Ray%20Spectroscopy%20%28EDS%29" title="Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS)">Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Membrane" title=" Membrane"> Membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polyetherimide%20PEI" title=" Polyetherimide PEI"> Polyetherimide PEI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scanning%20electron%20microscope%20%28SEM%29" title=" Scanning electron microscope (SEM)"> Scanning electron microscope (SEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solvent" title=" Solvent"> Solvent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-Ray%20Diffraction%20%28XRD%29" title=" X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)"> X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120499/basic-evaluation-for-polyetherimide-membrane-using-spectroscopy-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20liquid%20membrane&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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