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class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">A Famosa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE" title="আ ফামোসা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আ ফামোসা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="ای فاموسا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ای فاموسا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="فاموزا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فاموزا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortaleza_de_Malaca" title="Fortaleza de Malaca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fortaleza de Malaca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%E2%80%99%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C)" title="А’Фамоса (крепость) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="А’Фамоса (крепость)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE" title="ஆ பாமோசா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆ பாமோசா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Famosa" title="A Famosa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="A Famosa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%91%A9%E6%B2%99%E5%A0%A1" title="法摩沙堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法摩沙堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1955098#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=A_Famosa&params=2_11_29.82_N_102_15_1.10_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">2°11′29.82″N</span> <span class="longitude">102°15′1.10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">2.1916167°N 102.2503056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">2.1916167; 102.2503056</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Portuguese fortress in Malacca, Malaysia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Porta de Santiago" redirects here. For the gate in Segovia, Spain, see <a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Santiago_(Segovia)" title="Puerta de Santiago (Segovia)">Puerta de Santiago (Segovia)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the modern city, see <a href="/wiki/Malacca_City" title="Malacca City">Malacca City</a>. For the theme park and resort, see <a href="/wiki/A%27_Famosa_Resort" title="A' Famosa Resort">A' Famosa Resort</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">A Famosa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="nickname"><i>Kota A Famosa <span class="languageicon">(in Malay)</span></i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="label"><a href="/wiki/Malacca,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca, Malaysia">Malacca, Malaysia</a> </span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG/250px-A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG/375px-A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG/500px-A_Famosa_Fortress.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The surviving gate of the Portuguese fort in Malacca.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg/250px-Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg/375px-Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg/500px-Melaka-Porta-de-Santiago-2Cimg2194.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A view of the gate of the fort from the rear.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=A_Famosa&params=2_11_29.82_N_102_15_1.10_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">2°11′29.82″N</span> <span class="longitude">102°15′1.10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">2.1916167°N 102.2503056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">2.1916167; 102.2503056</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Controlled by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal</a> (1512–1641) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Netherlands</a> (1641–1795) <br /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">Britain</a> (1795–1807)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Open to<br />the public</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Largely destroyed except for a few remaining structures</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Built</th><td class="infobox-data">ca. 1512</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Built by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In use</th><td class="infobox-data">1512–1807</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Demolished</th><td class="infobox-data">10 August 1807 (except for a small gate house)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Garrison information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Past<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Afonso_de_Albuquerque" title="Afonso de Albuquerque">Afonso de Albuquerque</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>A Famosa</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ɐ<span class="wrap"> </span>faˈmɔzɐ]</a></span>) was a Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress">fortress</a> built in <a href="/wiki/Malacca,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca, Malaysia">Malacca, Malaysia</a>, circa 1512. The oldest part of the fortress was a five-storey keep which eventually <a href="/wiki/Pars_pro_toto" title="Pars pro toto">gave its name</a> to the fortress as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some time following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malacca_(1641)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Malacca (1641)">Battle of Malacca (1641)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malacca" title="Dutch Malacca">occupation of the city by the Dutch</a>, the keep was destroyed but the outer walls of the fortress were expanded. However, in 1811 the British destroyed all of the original fortress and most of the outer walls. The <i>Porta de Santiago</i> gateway, and the rebuilt <a href="/wiki/Middelburg_Bastion" title="Middelburg Bastion">Middelburg Bastion</a>, are the only parts of the fortress that remain today. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"<i>A Famosa</i>" means "The Famous" in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>; its alternate Portuguese name is <i>Fortaleza Velha</i> (Old Fortress). During the Dutch era it was known in <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> as <i>Slavenburgh</i> (slave castle) & <i>De Misericorde</i> (Our Lady of Mercy).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name is often mispronounced as "<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> Famosa", even among Malaysians, as though the Portuguese feminine <a href="/wiki/Definite_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Definite article">definite article</a> "a" were the letter "A" in the <a href="/wiki/English_alphabet" title="English alphabet">English alphabet</a>. A more accurate pronunciation would be "<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɐ/</span> Famosa" (approximating "uh").<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although "A Famosa" was technically the name at first given to the main watchtower, and then to the entire fortress of Malacca, in the present day it most often refers to the only remaining gate of the fortress, the Porta de Santiago. The name "A Famosa" is thus a unique case of a <a href="/wiki/Pars_pro_toto" title="Pars pro toto">pars pro toto</a> which then became a <a href="/wiki/Totum_pro_parte" title="Totum pro parte">totum pro parte</a> over the course of time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)" title="Capture of Malacca (1511)">Capture of Malacca (1511)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malacca" title="Dutch Malacca">Dutch Malacca</a></div> <p>In 1511, a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portuguese</a> fleet arrived under the command of <a href="/wiki/Afonso_de_Albuquerque" title="Afonso de Albuquerque">Afonso de Albuquerque</a>. His forces <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)" title="Capture of Malacca (1511)">attacked and defeated</a> the armies of the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Malacca">Malacca Sultanate</a>. Moving quickly to consolidate his gains, Albuquerque had the fortress built around a natural hill near the sea. Albuquerque believed that <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a> would become an important port linking <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Spice_Route" class="mw-redirect" title="Spice Route">Spice Route</a> in China. At this time other Portuguese were establishing outposts in such places as <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ming_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Goa</a>, India to create a string of friendly ports for ships heading to <a href="/wiki/Ming_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming China">Ming China</a> and returning home to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal</a>. </p><p>Hundreds of slaves were used to build this fort.<sup id="cite_ref-arkib_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arkib-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its materials included using the rubble of destroyed Malaccan <a href="/wiki/Mosques" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosques">mosques</a> and tombs. The <a href="/wiki/Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress">fortress</a> once consisted of long <a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">ramparts</a> and four major <a href="/wiki/Towers" class="mw-redirect" title="Towers">towers</a>. One of the towers was a 60-m tall four-storey <a href="/wiki/Keep" title="Keep">keep</a>, known as <i>A Famosa</i> ('The Famous'), which was the tallest building in the region from 1512 until it was destroyed by the Dutch in 1641.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other parts of the fortress included an <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a> storage room, the residence of the <a href="/wiki/Captain_(land_and_air)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (land and air)">captain</a>, and an officers' quarters. There were also town houses inside the <a href="/wiki/Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress">fortress</a> walls. As Malacca's population expanded it outgrew the original fort and extensions were added around 1586. </p><p>The fort <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malacca_(1641)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Malacca (1641)">changed hands in 1641</a> when the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch</a> drove the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portuguese</a> out of Malacca.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dutch renovated the gate in 1670, which explains the logo "ANNO 1670" inscribed on the gate's <a href="/wiki/Arch" title="Arch">arch</a>. Above the arch is a bas-relief logo of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>. </p><p>The fortress changed hands again in the late 18th century when the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch</a> handed it over to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">British</a> to prevent it from falling into the hands of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>'s expansionist <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a>. The <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> were wary of maintaining the <a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">fortification</a> and ordered its destruction in 1806. The fort was almost totally demolished but for the timely intervention of <a href="/wiki/Sir_Stamford_Raffles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Stamford Raffles">Sir Stamford Raffles</a>, the founder of modern <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, who was sent on sick leave from <a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a> to Malacca in 1807. It was Captain William Farquhar, tasked with the destruction of the fort and town, who decided to save two of the gateways to the fort,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> including the Santiago Gate, as well as the Stadthuys, church and jail. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partial_restoration">Partial restoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Partial restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In late November 2006, a part of the fort, believed to be the <a href="/wiki/Middelburg_Bastion" title="Middelburg Bastion">Middelburg Bastion</a>, was accidentally uncovered during the construction of 110 meter revolving tower in Malacca Town.<sup id="cite_ref-nst.com.my_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nst.com.my-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The construction of the tower was ceased and its site was subsequently shifted to the popular district of Bandar Hilir on Jalan Merdeka where it was officially opened to the public on 18 April 2008. Malacca Museums Corporation suspects the structure was built by the Dutch during the Dutch occupation of Malacca from 1641 to 1824. Earlier in June 2004, a watchtower named <b>Santiago Bastion</b> was discovered during the construction of Dataran Pahlawan.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006-2007 the <a href="/wiki/Middelburg_Bastion" title="Middelburg Bastion">Middelburg Bastion</a> was restored.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malacca_in_1550-1563.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacca including the tower of the A Famosa fortress (1550–1563)"><img alt="Malacca including the tower of the A Famosa fortress (1550–1563)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Malacca_in_1550-1563.png/120px-Malacca_in_1550-1563.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Malacca_in_1550-1563.png/180px-Malacca_in_1550-1563.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Malacca_in_1550-1563.png/240px-Malacca_in_1550-1563.png 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="959" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Malacca including the tower of the A Famosa fortress (1550–1563)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The town and fortress of Malacca (1780)"><img alt="The town and fortress of Malacca (1780)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG/120px-Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG/180px-Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG/240px-Stad_en_Kasteel_Malacca.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1485" data-file-height="785" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The town and fortress of Malacca (1780)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstruction of watchtower on top of the unearthed remains"><img alt="Reconstruction of watchtower on top of the unearthed remains" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg/89px-A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg/133px-A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg/177px-A_Famosa_-_Reconstruction_of_watchtower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1470" data-file-height="1987" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstruction of watchtower on top of the unearthed remains</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacca sanitary sewer line ruin"><img alt="Malacca sanitary sewer line ruin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG/120px-A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG/180px-A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG/240px-A_Famosa_anitary_sewer_line_remain.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Malacca <a href="/wiki/Sanitary_sewer" title="Sanitary sewer">sanitary sewer</a> line ruin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malacca Fortress"><img alt="Malacca Fortress" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg/120px-Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg/180px-Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg/240px-Melaka_Malaysia_A-Famosa-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4550" data-file-height="3516" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Malacca Fortress</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_(7886254584).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the fortress during 1860s to 1900"><img alt="View of the fortress during 1860s to 1900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg/120px-Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg/180px-Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg/240px-Old_Gateway_Malacca_1670_%287886254584%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="715" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the fortress during 1860s to 1900</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211204203103/http://museum.bnm.gov.my/wheresmalaysia/">"Where's Malaysia? Exhibition"</a>. Bank Negara Malaysia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museum.bnm.gov.my/wheresmalaysia/">the original</a> on 4 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2021</span>. <q>Fortresse de Malacca, better known as A Famosa, is a Portuguese fortress located in Malacca, Malaysia. It is among the oldest surviving European architectural remains in Asia. The Porta de Santiago, a small gate house, is the only remaining part of the fortress still standing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Where%E2%80%99s+Malaysia%3F+Exhibition&rft.pub=Bank+Negara+Malaysia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseum.bnm.gov.my%2Fwheresmalaysia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBremnerBlagden1927" class="citation journal cs1">Bremner, M. J.; Blagden, C. O. (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24237809">"Report of Governor Balthasar Bort on Malacca 1678"</a>. <i>Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>. <b>5</b> (1 (99)): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>232. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2304-7550">2304-7550</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Malayan+Branch+of+the+Royal+Asiatic+Society&rft.atitle=Report+of+Governor+Balthasar+Bort+on+Malacca+1678&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1+%2899%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E232&rft.date=1927&rft.issn=2304-7550&rft.aulast=Bremner&rft.aufirst=M.+J.&rft.au=Blagden%2C+C.+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24237809&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/a-famosa">A Famosa. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 31 May 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arkib-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arkib_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkib.gov.my/en/web/guest/kota-a-famosa-melaka3">"Kota A Famosa"</a>. <i>Malaysia National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malaysia+National+Archives&rft.atitle=Kota+A+Famosa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arkib.gov.my%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fkota-a-famosa-melaka3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacgregor1955" class="citation journal cs1">Macgregor, Ian (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/41503187">"The Portuguese in Malaya"</a>. <i>Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>. <b>28</b> (2)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Malayan+Branch+of+the+Royal+Asiatic+Society&rft.atitle=The+Portuguese+in+Malaya&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Macgregor&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41503187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Borschberg, Peter., “Ethnicity, Language and Culture in Melaka during the Transition from Portuguese to Dutch Rule”, Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83.2, (2010): 93-117; Borschberg, P., The Singapore and Melaka Straits: Violence, Security and Diplomacy in the 17th Century (Singapore: NUS Press, 2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nst.com.my-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nst.com.my_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee, Cynthia. <a href="/wiki/New_Straits_Times" title="New Straits Times">New Straits Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/nst/Friday/NewsBreak/20061201192448/Article/index_html">Excavation for Malacca tower project unearths ruins of Dutch fort</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>. 1 December 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061206033124/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F12%2F4%2Fnation%2F16216405&sec=nation">Old watchtower may be under site</a>. 4 December 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeebersAhmad2014" class="citation journal cs1">Weebers, R.C.; Ahmad, Y. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geneagraphie.com/histories/Simon%20Stevin's%20-%20Malacca.pdf">"Interpretation of Simon Stevin's ideas on the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (United East Indies Company) settlement of Malacca"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Planning Perspectives</i>. <b>29</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">543–</span>555<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Planning+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+Simon+Stevin%27s+ideas+on+the+Verenigde+Oostindische+Compagnie+%28United+East+Indies+Company%29+settlement+of+Malacca&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E543-%3C%2Fspan%3E555&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Weebers&rft.aufirst=R.C.&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeneagraphie.com%2Fhistories%2FSimon%2520Stevin%27s%2520-%2520Malacca.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Witt2010" class="citation book cs1">De Witt, Dennis (2010). <i>Melaka from the Top</i>. Malaysia: Nutmeg Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-43519-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-43519-2-2"><bdi>978-983-43519-2-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Melaka+from+the+Top&rft.place=Malaysia&rft.pub=Nutmeg+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-983-43519-2-2&rft.aulast=De+Witt&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Famosa" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Famosa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Colonial_architecture" title="Colonial architecture">Colonial architecture</a> of <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Architecture of the United Kingdom">British</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Church,_Taiping" title="All Saints' Church, Taiping">All Saints' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Souls%27_Church,_Cameron_Highlands" title="All Souls' Church, Cameron Highlands">All Souls' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atkinson_Clock_Tower" title="Atkinson Clock Tower">Atkinson Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China_Building_(Penang)" title="Bank of China Building (Penang)">Bank of China Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Tinagat_Lighthouse" title="Batu Tinagat Lighthouse">Batu Tinagat Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Assumption_(Penang)" title="Church of the Assumption (Penang)">Church of the Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception_(Johor)" title="Church of the Immaculate Conception (Johor)">Church of the Immaculate Conception (Johor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception,_Penang" title="Church of the Immaculate Conception, Penang">Church of the Immaculate Conception (Penang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Risen_Christ,_Penang" title="Church of the Risen Christ, Penang">Church of the Risen Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coliseum_Theatre_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="Coliseum Theatre (Kuala Lumpur)">Coliseum Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_%26_Oriental_Hotel" title="Eastern & Oriental Hotel">Eastern & Oriental Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Malay_States_Survey_Office" title="Federated Malay States Survey Office">Federated Malay States Survey Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foo_Tye_Sin_Mansion" title="Foo Tye Sin Mansion">Foo Tye Sin Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Alice" title="Fort Alice">Fort Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cornwallis" title="Fort Cornwallis">Fort Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cornwallis_Lighthouse" title="Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse">Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hose" title="Fort Hose">Fort Hose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Margherita" title="Fort Margherita">Fort Margherita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sylvia" title="Fort Sylvia">Fort Sylvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hin_Bus_Depot" title="Hin Bus Depot">Hin Bus Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_Cathedral,_Penang" title="Holy Spirit Cathedral, Penang">Holy Spirit Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Majestic_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="Hotel Majestic (Kuala Lumpur)">Hotel Majestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSBC_Building_(Penang)" title="HSBC Building (Penang)">HSBC Penang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House,_Penang" title="India House, Penang">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Besar" title="Istana Besar">Istana Besar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Bukit_Serene" title="Istana Bukit Serene">Istana Bukit Serene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesselton_Freemason_Hall" title="Jesselton Freemason Hall">Jesselton Freemason Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesselton_Hotel" title="Jesselton Hotel">Jesselton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Clock_Tower" title="Jubilee Clock Tower">Jubilee Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellie%27s_Castle" title="Kellie's Castle">Kellie's Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labuan_Chimney" class="mw-redirect" title="Labuan Chimney">Labuan Chimney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labuan_Clock_Tower" title="Labuan Clock Tower">Labuan Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malacca_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca Light">Malacca Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_and_Islamic_World_Museum" title="Malay and Islamic World Museum">Malay and Islamic World Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melalap_railway_station" title="Melalap railway station">Melalap railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Textile_Museum" title="National Textile Museum">National Textile Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OCBC_Building_(Penang)" title="OCBC Building (Penang)">OCBC Penang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse" title="One Fathom Bank Lighthouse">One Fathom Bank Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall,_George_Town" title="City Hall, George Town">Penang City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Pisang_Lighthouse" title="Pulau Pisang Lighthouse">Pulau Pisang Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_High_Court" title="Penang High Court">Penang High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Islamic_Department_Building" title="Penang Islamic Department Building">Penang Islamic Department Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Masonic_Temple" title="Penang Masonic Temple">Penang Masonic Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_State_Assembly_Building" title="Penang State Assembly Building">Penang State Assembly Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Administration_Building,_Kuala_Lumpur" title="Railway Administration Building, Kuala Lumpur">Railway Administration Building, Kuala Lumpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Tower_(Kuching)" title="Round Tower (Kuching)">Round Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Hall,_Penang" title="Town Hall, Penang">Penang Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Tourism_Board" title="Sabah Tourism Board">Sabah Tourism Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Kota_Kinabalu" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu">Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Sibu" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu">Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_State_Museum" title="Sarawak State Museum">Sarawak State Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Residency,_Penang" title="The Residency, Penang">Seri Mutiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seri_Teratai" title="Seri Teratai">Seri Teratai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Anne%27s_Church,_Bukit_Mertajam" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Anne's Church, Bukit Mertajam">St. Anne's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Church,_Penang" title="St. George's Church, Penang">St. George's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Cathedral_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="St. John's Cathedral (Kuala Lumpur)">St. John's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Kuala_Lumpur" title="St. Mary's Cathedral, Kuala Lumpur">St. Mary's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Church,_Penampang" title="St. Michael's Church, Penampang">St. Michael's Church, Penampang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_and_All_Angels_Church,_Sandakan" title="St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan">St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chartered_Bank_building,_Penang" title="Standard Chartered Bank building, Penang">Standard Chartered Bank Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_House,_Penang" title="Suffolk House, Penang">Suffolk House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abu_Bakar_State_Mosque" title="Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque">Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Building" title="Sultan Ibrahim Building">Sultan Ibrahim Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Astana,_Sarawak" title="The Astana, Sarawak">The Astana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undan_Island_Lighthouse" title="Undan Island Lighthouse">Undan Island Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisma_Kastam" title="Wisma Kastam">Wisma Kastam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodville,_Penang" title="Woodville, Penang">Woodville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_Netherlands" title="Architecture of the Netherlands">Dutch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Malacca" title="Christ Church, Malacca">Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Fort" title="Dutch Fort">Dutch Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Museum" title="Governor's Museum">Governor's Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Architecture_Museum" title="Malaysia Architecture Museum">Malaysia Architecture Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middelburg_Bastion" title="Middelburg Bastion">Middelburg Bastion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Independence_Memorial" title="Proclamation of Independence Memorial">Proclamation of Independence Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadthuys" title="Stadthuys">Stadthuys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Fort" title="St. John's Fort">St. John's Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church,_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Church, Malacca">St. Peter's Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of France">French</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Francis_Xavier,_Malacca_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Francis Xavier, Malacca City">Church of St. Francis Xavier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Germany" title="Architecture of Germany">German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinarut_Mansion" title="Kinarut Mansion">Kinarut Mansion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawau_Bell_Tower" title="Tawau Bell Tower">Tawau Bell Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Portugal">Portuguese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Rachado_Lighthouse" title="Cape Rachado Lighthouse">Cape Rachado Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress of Malacca">Fortress of Malacca</a></li> <li><a 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title="Template:Malaysian historical architectures and sites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Malaysian_historical_architectures_and_sites" title="Template talk:Malaysian historical architectures and sites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Malaysian_historical_architectures_and_sites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Malaysian historical architectures and sites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historical_buildings,_memorials,_monuments_and_sites_in_Malaysia68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical buildings, memorials, monuments and sites in <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="West_Malaysia68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/West_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="West Malaysia">West Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arulmigu_Sri_Rajakaliamman_Glass_Temple" title="Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Glass Temple">Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Glass Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception_(Johor)" title="Church of the Immaculate Conception (Johor)">Church of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dato%27_Bentara_Luar_Mosque" title="Dato' Bentara Luar Mosque">Dato' Bentara Luar Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Besar" title="Istana Besar">Istana Besar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Bukit_Serene" title="Istana Bukit Serene">Istana Bukit Serene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johor_Bahru_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Johor Bahru railway station">Johor Bahru railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johor_Bahru_Old_Chinese_Temple" title="Johor Bahru Old Chinese Temple">Johor Bahru Old Chinese Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Pisang_Lighthouse" title="Pulau Pisang Lighthouse">Pulau Pisang Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abu_Bakar_State_Mosque" title="Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque">Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Jamek_Mosque" title="Sultan Ibrahim Jamek Mosque">Sultan Ibrahim Jamek Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ibrahim_Building" title="Sultan Ibrahim Building">Sultan Ibrahim Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanah_Aminah_Hospital" title="Sultanah Aminah Hospital">Sultanah Aminah Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanah_Fatimah_Specialist_Hospital" title="Sultanah Fatimah Specialist Hospital">Sultanah Fatimah Specialist Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kedah_State_Art_Gallery" title="Kedah State Art Gallery">Kedah State Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahir_Mosque" title="Zahir Mosque">Zahir Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Halim_Mu%27adzam_Shah_Gallery" title="Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah Gallery">Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungai_Petani_clock_tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Sungai Petani clock tower">Sungai Petani clock tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Batu_Royal_Museum" title="Istana Batu Royal Museum">Istana Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Jahar" title="Istana Jahar">Istana Jahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampung_Laut_Mosque" title="Kampung Laut Mosque">Kampung Laut Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_Maha_Vihara,_Brickfields" title="Buddhist Maha Vihara, Brickfields">Buddhist Maha Vihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coliseum_Theatre_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="Coliseum Theatre (Kuala Lumpur)">Coliseum Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panggung_Bandaraya_DBKL" title="Panggung Bandaraya DBKL">DBKL City Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Majestic_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="Hotel Majestic (Kuala Lumpur)">Hotel Majestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamek_Mosque" title="Jamek Mosque">Masjid Jamek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_railway_station" title="Kuala Lumpur railway station">Kuala Lumpur railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Rubber_Building" title="Lee Rubber Building">Lee Rubber Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Mosque_of_Malaysia" title="National Mosque of Malaysia">National Mosque of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Textile_Museum" title="National Textile Museum">National Textile Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Market,_Kuala_Lumpur" title="Central Market, Kuala Lumpur">Pasar Seni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin_Sze_Si_Ya_Temple" title="Sin Sze Si Ya Temple">Sin Sze Si Ya Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Kandaswamy_Kovil,_Brickfields" title="Sri Kandaswamy Kovil, Brickfields">Sri Kandaswamy Kovil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Mahamariamman_Temple,_Kuala_Lumpur" title="Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur">Sri Mahamariamman Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Samad_Building" title="Sultan Abdul Samad Building">Sultan Abdul Samad Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Cathedral_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="St. John's Cathedral (Kuala Lumpur)">St. John's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Kuala_Lumpur" title="St. Mary's Cathedral, Kuala Lumpur">St. Mary's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Institution" title="Victoria Institution">Victoria Institution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Hoon_Teng_Temple" title="Cheng Hoon Teng Temple">Cheng Hoon Teng Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Malacca" title="Christ Church, Malacca">Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Francis_Xavier_(Melaka)" title="Church of St. Francis Xavier (Melaka)">Church of St. Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Rachado_Lighthouse" title="Cape Rachado Lighthouse">Cape Rachado Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress of Malacca">Fortress of Malacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampung_Hulu_Mosque" title="Kampung Hulu Mosque">Kampung Hulu Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampung_Kling_Mosque" title="Kampung Kling Mosque">Kampung Kling Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_and_Islamic_World_Museum" title="Malay and Islamic World Museum">Malay and Islamic World Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Architecture_Museum" title="Malaysia Architecture Museum">Malaysia Architecture Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Youth_Museum" title="Malaysia Youth Museum">Malaysia Youth Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middelburg_Bastion" title="Middelburg Bastion">Middelburg Bastion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poh_San_Teng_Temple" title="Poh San Teng Temple">Poh San Teng Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Independence_Memorial" title="Proclamation of Independence Memorial">Proclamation of Independence Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadthuys" title="Stadthuys">Stadthuys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Fort" title="St. John's Fort">St. John's Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Paul,_Malacca" title="Church of Saint Paul, Malacca">St. Paul's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church_(Melaka)" title="St. Peter's Church (Melaka)">St. Peter's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Chinese_Jewellery_Museum" title="Straits Chinese Jewellery Museum">Straits Chinese Jewellery Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Poyatha_Moorthi_Temple" title="Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple">Sri Poyatha Moorthi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Methodist_Church" title="Tamil Methodist Church">Tamil Methodist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tranquerah_Mosque" title="Tranquerah Mosque">Tranquerah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undan_Island_Lighthouse" title="Undan Island Lighthouse">Undan Island Lighthouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Ampang_Tinggi" title="Istana Ampang Tinggi">Istana Ampang Tinggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Seri_Menanti" title="Istana Seri Menanti">Istana Seri Menanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seremban_Komuter_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Seremban Komuter station">Seremban railway station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pahang" title="Pahang">Pahang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Souls%27_Church,_Cameron_Highlands" title="All Souls' Church, Cameron Highlands">All Souls' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Marathandavar_Bala_Dhandayuthapani_Alayam" title="Sri Marathandavar Bala Dhandayuthapani Alayam">Sri Marathandavar Bala Dhandayuthapani Alayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abu_Bakar_Museum" title="Sultan Abu Bakar Museum">Sultan Abu Bakar Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arulmigu_Balathandayuthapani_Temple,_Penang" class="mw-redirect" title="Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple, Penang">Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China_Building_(Penang)" title="Bank of China Building (Penang)">Bank of China Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cenotaph,_Penang" title="The Cenotaph, Penang">Cenotaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Risen_Christ,_Penang" title="Church of the Risen Christ, Penang">Church of the Risen Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall,_George_Town" title="City Hall, George Town">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheong_Fatt_Tze_Mansion" title="Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion">Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Assumption_(Penang)" title="Church of the Assumption (Penang)">Church of the Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception,_Penang" title="Church of the Immaculate Conception, Penang">Church of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhammikarama_Burmese_Temple" title="Dhammikarama Burmese Temple">Dhammikarama Burmese Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_%26_Oriental_Hotel" title="Eastern & Oriental Hotel">Eastern & Oriental Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foo_Tye_Sin_Mansion" title="Foo Tye Sin Mansion">Foo Tye Sin Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cornwallis" title="Fort Cornwallis">Fort Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cornwallis_Lighthouse" title="Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse">Fort Cornwallis Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess_of_Mercy_Temple" title="Goddess of Mercy Temple">Goddess of Mercy Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hin_Bus_Depot" title="Hin Bus Depot">Hin Bus Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_Cathedral,_Penang" title="Holy Spirit Cathedral, Penang">Holy Spirit Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSBC_Building_(Penang)" title="HSBC Building (Penang)">HSBC Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House,_Penang" title="India House, Penang">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jade_Emperor_God_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Jade Emperor God Temple">Jade Emperor God Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalan_Baru_Sri_Muniswarar_Temple" title="Jalan Baru Sri Muniswarar Temple">Jalan Baru Sri Muniswarar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Clock_Tower" title="Jubilee Clock Tower">Jubilee Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapitan_Keling_Mosque" title="Kapitan Keling Mosque">Kapitan Keling Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kek_Lok_Si" title="Kek Lok Si">Kek Lok Si</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoo_Kongsi" title="Khoo Kongsi">Khoo Kongsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebuh_Aceh_Mosque" title="Lebuh Aceh Mosque">Lebuh Aceh Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahindarama_Buddhist_Temple" title="Mahindarama Buddhist Temple">Mahindarama Buddhist Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nattukkottai_Chettiar_Temple,_Penang" title="Nattukkottai Chettiar Temple, Penang">Nattukkottai Chettiar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OCBC_Building_(Penang)" title="OCBC Building (Penang)">OCBC Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_High_Court" title="Penang High Court">Penang High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Islamic_Department_Building" title="Penang Islamic Department Building">Penang Islamic Department Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Islamic_Museum" title="Penang Islamic Museum">Penang Islamic Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Masonic_Temple" title="Penang Masonic Temple">Penang Masonic Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_State_Assembly_Building" title="Penang State Assembly Building">Penang State Assembly Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinang_Peranakan_Mansion" title="Pinang Peranakan Mansion">Pinang Peranakan Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Hall,_Penang" title="Town Hall, Penang">Penang Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Residency,_Penang" title="The Residency, Penang">Seri Mutiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thean_Kong_Thnuah_Temple" title="Thean Kong Thnuah Temple">Thean Kong Thnuah Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Temple" title="Snake Temple">Snake Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seri_Teratai" title="Seri Teratai">Seri Teratai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Mahamariamman_Temple,_Penang" title="Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang">Sri Mahamariamman Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Anne%27s_Church,_Bukit_Mertajam" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Anne's Church, Bukit Mertajam">St. Anne's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Church,_Penang" title="St. George's Church, Penang">St. George's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_House,_Penang" title="Suffolk House, Penang">Suffolk House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayer_Itam_War_Memorial_Park" title="Ayer Itam War Memorial Park">War Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wat_Buppharam,_Penang" title="Wat Buppharam, Penang">Wat Buppharam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wat_Chayamangkalaram" title="Wat Chayamangkalaram">Wat Chayamangkalaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodville,_Penang" title="Woodville, Penang">Woodville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghufran_Royal_Mausoleum" title="Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum">Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Church,_Taiping" title="All Saints' Church, Taiping">All Saints' Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Anthony%27s_Church,_Teluk_Intan" title="St. Anthony's Church, Teluk Intan">Church of St. Anthony of Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Fort" title="Dutch Fort">Dutch Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipoh_railway_station" title="Ipoh railway station">Ipoh railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellie%27s_Castle" title="Kellie's Castle">Kellie's Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaning_Tower_of_Teluk_Intan" title="Leaning Tower of Teluk Intan">Leaning Tower of Teluk Intan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panglima_Kinta_Mosque" title="Panglima Kinta Mosque">Panglima Kinta Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perak_State_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Perak State Museum">Perak State Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Poh_Tong_Temple" title="Sam Poh Tong Temple">Sam Poh Tong Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiping_Hospital" title="Taiping Hospital">Taiping Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubudiah_Mosque" title="Ubudiah Mosque">Ubudiah Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Perlis" title="Perlis">Perlis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alwi_Mosque" title="Alwi Mosque">Alwi Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaeddin_Mosque_(Jugra,_Malaysia)" title="Alaeddin Mosque (Jugra, Malaysia)">Alaeddin Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Lourdes_Klang" title="Church of Our Lady of Lourdes Klang">Church of Our Lady of Lourdes Klang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatter%27s_Castle_(building)" title="Hatter's Castle (building)">Hatter's Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Bandar" title="Istana Bandar">Istana Bandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse" title="One Fathom Bank Lighthouse">One Fathom Bank Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sunderaraja_Perumal_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Sunderaraja Perumal Temple">Sri Sunderaraja Perumal Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sithi_Vinayagar_Temple" title="Sri Sithi Vinayagar Temple">Sri Sithi Vinayagar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Sulaiman_Mosque" title="Sultan Sulaiman Mosque">Sultan Sulaiman Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Aziz_Royal_Gallery" title="Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery">Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wat_Chetawan" title="Wat Chetawan">Wat Chetawan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abidin_Mosque" title="Abidin Mosque">Abidin Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duyong_Old_Fort" title="Duyong Old Fort">Duyong Old Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Ann_Kiong_Temple" title="Ho Ann Kiong Temple">Ho Ann Kiong Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istana_Maziah" title="Istana Maziah">Istana Maziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumah_Warisan_Haji_Su" title="Rumah Warisan Haji Su">Rumah Warisan Haji Su</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Hou_Gong_Temple" title="Tian Hou Gong Temple">Tian Hou Gong Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memorials<br />and monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makam_Al-Ghufran" class="mw-redirect" title="Makam Al-Ghufran">Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Memorial_Clock_Tower" title="Birch Memorial Clock Tower">Birch Memorial Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenotaph,_Penang" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenotaph, Penang">Cenotaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheras_War_Cemetery" title="Cheras War Cemetery">Cheras War Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Jebat_Mausoleum" title="Hang Jebat Mausoleum">Hang Jebat Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Li_Poh%27s_Well" title="Hang Li Poh's Well">Hang Li Poh's Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_Tuah%27s_Well" title="Hang Tuah's Well">Hang Tuah's Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makam_Pahlawan" title="Makam Pahlawan">Heroes' Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedah_Royal_Mausoleum" title="Kedah Royal Mausoleum">Kedah Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelantan_Royal_Mausoleum" title="Kelantan Royal Mausoleum">Kelantan Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugu_Keris" title="Tugu Keris">Kris Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Klawang_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuala Klawang Memorial">Kuala Klawang Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Murugan_Statue" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Murugan Statue">Lord Murugan Statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makam_Mahmoodiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Makam Mahmoodiah">Mahmoodiah Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaka_Warrior_Monument" title="Melaka Warrior Monument">Melaka Warrior Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makam_Sultan_Abdul_Samad" class="mw-redirect" title="Makam Sultan Abdul Samad">Sultan Abdul Samad Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makam_Sultan_Mahmud_Mangkat_Dijulang" class="mw-redirect" title="Makam Sultan Mahmud Mangkat Dijulang">Tomb of Sultan Mahmud Shah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Monument_(Malaysia)" title="Millennium Monument (Malaysia)">Millennium Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Monument_(Malaysia)" title="National Monument (Malaysia)">National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Protestant_Cemetery,_George_Town" title="Old Protestant Cemetery, George Town">Old Protestant Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahang_Old_Royal_Mausoleum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahang Old Royal Mausoleum">Pahang Old Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seri_Menanti_Royal_Mausoleum" title="Seri Menanti Royal Mausoleum">Seri Menanti Royal Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiping_War_Cemetery" title="Taiping War Cemetery">Taiping War Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Historic_site" title="Historic site">Site</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Caves" title="Batu Caves">Batu Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Pahat_Well" title="Batu Pahat Well">Batu Pahat Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasik_Biru_Seri_Kundang" title="Tasik Biru Seri Kundang">Biru Seri Kundang Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bujang_Valley" title="Bujang Valley">Bujang Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukit_Melawati" class="mw-redirect" title="Bukit Melawati">Bukit Melawati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Kuala_Terengganu" title="Chinatown, Kuala Terengganu">Chinatown (Kuala Terengganu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukit_Cina" title="Bukit Cina">Chinese Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillemard_Bridge" title="Guillemard Bridge">Guillemard Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_Ngah_Ibrahim" title="Kota Ngah Ibrahim">Fort of Ngah Ibrahim's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kota_Buruk" title="Kota Buruk">Fort of Ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biawak_Busuk" title="Biawak Busuk">Fort of Smelly Monitor Lizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Square_(Kuala_Lumpur)" title="Independence Square (Kuala Lumpur)">Independence Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenggong" title="Lenggong">Lenggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukut_Fort_and_Museum" title="Lukut Fort and Museum">Lukut Fort and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markets_of_Taiping,_Perak" title="Markets of Taiping, Perak">Markets of Taiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malacca_General_Hospital" title="Malacca General Hospital">Malacca General Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morib" title="Morib">Morib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penang_Botanic_Gardens" title="Penang Botanic Gardens">Penang Botanic Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukit_Puteri" title="Bukit Puteri">Princess Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Hill" title="St. Paul's Hill">St. Paul's Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Halim_Hospital" title="Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital">Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Bridge,_Malaysia" title="Victoria Bridge, Malaysia">Victoria Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambun_rock_art" title="Tambun rock art">Tambun rock art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Tualang_Tin_Dredge_No._5" title="Tanjung Tualang Tin Dredge No. 5">Tanjung Tualang Tin Dredge No. 5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="East_Malaysia68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimney_Museum" title="Chimney Museum">Labuan Chimney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labuan_Clock_Tower" title="Labuan Clock Tower">Labuan Clock Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Keith_House" title="Agnes Keith House">Agnes Keith House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atkinson_Clock_Tower" title="Atkinson Clock Tower">Atkinson Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Tinagat_Lighthouse" title="Batu Tinagat Lighthouse">Batu Tinagat Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesselton_Freemason_Hall" title="Jesselton Freemason Hall">Jesselton Freemason Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesselton_Hotel" title="Jesselton Hotel">Jesselton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keningau_Heritage_Museum" title="Keningau Heritage Museum">Keningau Heritage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinarut_Mansion" title="Kinarut Mansion">Kinarut Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melalap_railway_station" title="Melalap railway station">Melalap railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Tourism_Board" title="Sabah Tourism Board">Sabah Tourism Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Kota_Kinabalu" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu">Sacred Heart Cathedral, Kota Kinabalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Sing_Kung_Temple" title="Sam Sing Kung Temple">Sam Sing Kung Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Heritage_Museum" title="Sandakan Heritage Museum">Sandakan Heritage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Jamek_Mosque" title="Sandakan Jamek Mosque">Sandakan Jamek Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Church,_Penampang" title="St. Michael's Church, Penampang">St. Michael's Church, Penampang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_and_All_Angels_Church,_Sandakan" title="St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan">St. Michael's and All Angels Church, Sandakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawau_Bell_Tower" title="Tawau Bell Tower">Tawau Bell Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_History_Museum" title="Chinese History Museum">Chinese History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ching_San_Yen_Temple" title="Ching San Yen Temple">Ching San Yen Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Alice" title="Fort Alice">Fort Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hose" title="Fort Hose">Fort Hose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Margherita" title="Fort Margherita">Fort Margherita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sylvia" title="Fort Sylvia">Fort Sylvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_San_Si_Temple" title="Hong San Si Temple">Hong San Si Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Heritage_Museum" title="Islamic Heritage Museum">Islamic Heritage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuching_Old_Courthouse" title="Kuching Old Courthouse">Kuching Old Courthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Sibu" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu">Sacred Heart Cathedral, Sibu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_State_Museum" title="Sarawak State Museum">Sarawak State Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_Tower_(Sarawak)" title="Square Tower (Sarawak)">Square Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Astana,_Sarawak" title="The Astana, Sarawak">The Astana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tua_Pek_Kong_Temple,_Kuching" title="Tua Pek Kong Temple, Kuching">Tua Pek Kong Temple, Kuching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tua_Pek_Kong_Temple,_Miri" title="Tua Pek Kong Temple, Miri">Tua Pek Kong Temple, Miri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tua_Pek_Kong_Temple,_Sibu" title="Tua Pek Kong Temple, Sibu">Tua Pek Kong Temple, Sibu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memorials<br />and monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Simpang_Mengayau" title="Tanjung Simpang Mengayau">Bronze Globe of Tanjung Simpang Mengayau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Memorial" title="Brooke Memorial">Brooke Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartered_Company_Monument" title="Chartered Company Monument">Chartered Company Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cho_Huan_Lai_Memorial" title="Cho Huan Lai Memorial">Cho Huan Lai Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Fontaine_Memorial" title="De Fontaine Memorial">De Fontaine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Six_Monument" title="Double Six Monument">Double Six Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunner_Cleary_Memorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunner Cleary Memorial (page does not exist)">Gunner Cleary Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keningau_Oath_Stone" title="Keningau Oath Stone">Keningau Oath Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuching_Heroes%27_Cemetery" title="Kuching Heroes' Cemetery">Kuching Heroes' Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundasang_War_Memorial" title="Kundasang War Memorial">Kundasang War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labuan_War_Cemetery" title="Labuan War Cemetery">Labuan War Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_POW_Camp_Memorial" title="Last POW Camp Memorial">Last POW Camp Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Monument" title="Malaysia Monument">Malaysia Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mat_Salleh_Memorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mat Salleh Memorial (page does not exist)">Mat Salleh Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_War_Monument" title="North Borneo War Monument">North Borneo War Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petagas_War_Memorial" title="Petagas War Memorial">Petagas War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quailey%27s_Hill_Memorial" title="Quailey's Hill Memorial">Quailey's Hill Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafflesia_Monument&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafflesia Monument (page does not exist)">Rafflesia Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Heritage_Trail" title="Sandakan Heritage Trail">Sandakan Heritage Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Japanese_Cemetery" title="Sandakan Japanese Cemetery">Sandakan Japanese Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Massacre_Memorial" title="Sandakan Massacre Memorial">Sandakan Massacre Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Memorial_Park" title="Sandakan Memorial Park">Sandakan Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_War_Monument" title="Sandakan War Monument">Sandakan War Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starcevich_Monument" title="Starcevich Monument">Starcevich Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawau_Japanese_War_Memorial" title="Tawau Japanese War Memorial">Tawau Japanese War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tun_Datu_Mustapha_Memorial" title="Tun Datu Mustapha Memorial">Tun Datu Mustapha Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pryer_Monument" title="William Pryer Monument">William Pryer Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Historic_site" title="Historic site">Site</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agop_Batu_Tulug_Caves" title="Agop Batu Tulug Caves">Agop Batu Tulug Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukit_Batu_Lawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bukit Batu Lawi">Batu Lawi Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buloh_Kasap_Bridge" title="Buloh Kasap Bridge">Buloh Kasap Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Lintang_camp" title="Batu Lintang camp">Batu Lintang camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Kuching" title="Chinatown, Kuching">Chinatown, Kuching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchess_of_Kent_Hospital" title="Duchess of Kent Hospital">Duchess of Kent Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaya_Street,_Kota_Kinabalu" title="Gaya Street, Kota Kinabalu">Gaya Street, Kota Kinabalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumuyu_Petroglyphs" title="Lumuyu Petroglyphs">Lumuyu Petroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madai_Cave" title="Madai Cave">Madai Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merdeka_Square,_Kota_Kinabalu" title="Merdeka Square, Kota Kinabalu">Merdeka Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunuk_Ragang" title="Nunuk Ragang">Nunuk Ragang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_Museum_(Malaysia)" title="Petroleum Museum (Malaysia)">Petroleum Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogunon_Community_Museum" title="Pogunon Community Museum">Pogunon Community Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Hospital,_Kota_Kinabalu" title="Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu">Queen Elizabeth Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandakan_camp" title="Sandakan camp">Sandakan camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_General_Hospital" title="Sarawak General Hospital">Sarawak General Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skull_Hill,_Malaysia" title="Skull Hill, Malaysia">Skull Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox 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