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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mining_by_commodity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mining_by_commodity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mining by commodity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mining_by_commodity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mining_by_mineral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mining_by_mineral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mining by mineral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mining_by_mineral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mining_by_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mining_by_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mining by state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mining_by_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mining_accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mining_accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mining accidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mining_accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Environmental impact</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Environmental impact subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mountain_top_removal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountain_top_removal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Mountain top removal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountain_top_removal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abandoned_mines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abandoned_mines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Abandoned mines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abandoned_mines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_pollution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_pollution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Water pollution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_pollution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Land_degradation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Land_degradation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Land degradation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Land_degradation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:22.0em; border: 4px double #d69d36;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Economy of the United States">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-clip:padding-box;"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the United States"><img alt="Coat of arms of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="History of agriculture in the United States">Agricultural history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_banking_in_the_United_States" title="History of banking in the United States">Banking history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_the_United_States" title="History of the petroleum industry in the United States">Petroleum history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_the_American_colonies" title="Shipbuilding in the American colonies">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_the_United_States" title="Industrial Revolution in the United States">Industrial Revolution in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_dollar" title="History of the United States dollar">History of the United States dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_lumber_industry_in_the_United_States" title="History of the lumber industry in the United States">Lumber history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariff_in_United_States_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariff in United States history">Tariff History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar#History" title="United States dollar">United States dollar § History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_the_United_States_by_state_or_territory" title="Category:Economic history of the United States by state or territory">History by state</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">Sectors</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary sector">Primary sector</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_in_the_United_States" title="Petroleum in the United States">Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Electricity sector in the United States">Electricity</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"> Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Fishing industry in the United States">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Forestry in the United States">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinking_water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water and sanitation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Secondary sector</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_and_steel_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Iron and steel industry in the United States">Iron and steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_and_paper_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Pulp and paper industry in the United States">Pulp and paper</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Tertiary sector">Tertiary sector</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_the_United_States" title="Gambling in the United States">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare in the United States">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_the_United_States" title="Financial services in the United States">Financial services</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Federal_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Federal Reserve">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_banks_in_the_United_States" title="List of largest banks in the United States">Largest banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Stock_exchanges_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Stock exchanges in the United States">Stock exchanges</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_the_United_States_by_revenue" title="List of largest companies in the United States by revenue">Largest companies</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_companies_listed_on_the_New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="Category:Lists of companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange">Companies listed on the NYSE</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economy by state</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_California" title="Economy of California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Texas" title="Economy of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_York_(state)" title="Economy of New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Florida" title="Economy of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of states and territories of the United States by GDP"><i>more...</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>State statistics</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_budgets" title="List of U.S. state budgets">State budgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_credit_rating" title="List of U.S. states by credit rating">State credit ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_unemployment_rate" title="List of U.S. states and territories by unemployment rate">State unemployment rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_affiliation_by_U.S._state" title="Union affiliation by U.S. state">Union membership</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economy by city or county</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Economy of Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Atlanta" title="Economy of Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Buffalo,_New_York" title="Economy of Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chicago" title="Economy of Chicago">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greater_Cleveland" title="Economy of Greater Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Columbus,_Ohio" title="Economy of Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Economy of metropolitan Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Door_County,_Wisconsin" title="Economy of Door County, Wisconsin">Door County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Economy of Erie, Pennsylvania">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Houston" title="Economy of Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indianapolis" title="Economy of Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kansas_City" title="Economy of Kansas City">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Economy of Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Long_Island" title="Economy of Long Island">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Economy of Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Economy of Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_York_City" title="Economy of New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Economy of Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Economy of Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Philadelphia" title="Economy of Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Phoenix" title="Economy of Phoenix">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Pittsburgh" title="Economy of Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Salt_Lake_City" title="Economy of Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_San_Diego" title="Economy of San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spokane,_Washington" title="Economy of Spokane, Washington">Spokane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_St._Louis" title="Economy of St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Stamford,_Connecticut" title="Economy of Stamford, Connecticut">Stamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Economy of Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Washington_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of the Washington Metropolitan Area">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Labor_force_in_the_United_States" title="Labor force in the United States">Labor</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_labor_law" title="United States labor law">Labor Law</a></b></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_labor_laws_in_the_United_States" title="Child labor laws in the United States">Child labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">Minimum wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-to-work_law" title="Right-to-work law">Right-to-work law</a></li></ul> <p><b>Employment</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States"> Unemployment</a> (<a href="/wiki/Causes_of_unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Causes of unemployment in the United States">Causes</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_the_United_States_sidebar" title="Template:Economy of the United States sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_the_United_States_sidebar" title="Template talk:Economy of the United States sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_the_United_States_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of the United States sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">Mining</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> has been active since the beginning of colonial times, but became a major industry in the 19th century with a number of new mineral discoveries causing a series of mining rushes. In 2015, the value of coal, metals, and industrial minerals mined in the United States was US$109.6 billion. 158,000 workers were directly employed by the <a href="/wiki/Mining_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining industry">mining industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mining industry has a number of impacts on communities, individuals and the environment. Mine safety incidents have been important parts of American <a href="/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health" title="Occupational safety and health">occupational safety and health</a> history. Mining has a <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_mining" title="Environmental impact of mining">number of environmental impacts</a>. In the United States, issues like <a href="/wiki/Mountaintop_removal_mining" title="Mountaintop removal mining">mountaintop removal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage" title="Acid mine drainage">acid mine drainage</a> have widespread impacts on all parts of the environment. As of January 2020, the EPA lists 142 mines in the <a href="/wiki/Superfund" title="Superfund">Superfund program</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1mius_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1mius-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the country was the 4th world producer of <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 5th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 5th worldwide producer of <a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">platinum</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 10th worldwide producer of <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">rhenium</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">sulfur</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 3rd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">phosphate</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 3rd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">molybdenum</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 5th worldwide producer of <a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">vanadium</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 9th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 9th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Potash" title="Potash">potash</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 12th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">cobalt</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 13th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> world's largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Kyanite" title="Kyanite">kyanite</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in addition to being the 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Table_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Table salt">salt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the world's 10th largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The extraction of minerals from the Earth dates back to the Ancient <a href="/wiki/Egyptians" title="Egyptians">Egyptians</a>' mining of copper in 3000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mining for ancient civilizations was often extremely dangerous involving the use of stone tools or hands for excavation.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the Middle Ages, stone tools were replaced by explosives, black powder, to break-up larger rock formations.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Settler" title="Settler">Colonists</a> in the United States found iron ore at the Jamestown settlement which resulted in a mining operation beginning in 1620; however, the operation was cut short due to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> at the site.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  Despite several small mining endeavors beginning in the 17th and 18th centuries, mining did not gain major traction in the United States until the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In terms of technology, explosives such as black powder were phased out as dynamite increased in popularity as a new mining method in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a> began in 1848 after the discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill in 1848. By the year 1849, over 80,000 people had relocated to California in search of gold.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, the Gold Rush peaked in 1852 and concluded by the early 1900s.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>See also: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolina Gold Rush">Carolina Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabarrus_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabarrus County">Cabarrus County</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_(U.S._state)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Carolina (U.S. state)">North Carolina</a>, US (1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Gold_Rush" title="Georgia Gold Rush">Georgia Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, US (1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> (1848–1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikes_Peak_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Pikes Peak Gold Rush">Pikes Peak Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pikes_Peak" title="Pikes Peak">Pikes Peak</a>, Colorado (1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holcomb_Valley" title="Holcomb Valley">Holcomb Valley Gold Rush</a>, California (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hills Gold Rush">Black Hills Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> (1874–1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Baker_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Baker Gold Rush">Mount Baker Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whatcom_County,_Washington" title="Whatcom County, Washington">Whatcom County, Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (1897–1920s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nome_Gold_Rush" title="Nome Gold Rush">Nome Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nome,_Alaska" title="Nome, Alaska">Nome, Alaska</a> (1899–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairbanks_Gold_Rush" title="Fairbanks Gold Rush">Fairbanks Gold Rush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairbanks,_Alaska" title="Fairbanks, Alaska">Fairbanks</a>, Alaska (1902–1905)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mining_by_commodity">Mining by commodity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mining by commodity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Top Commodities mined in the US, 2019</b> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#DDDDFF;">Rank </th> <th style="background:#DDDDFF;">Commodity </th> <th style="background:#DDDDFF;">Value, US$ billion </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="left">Coal </td> <td align="center">25.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="left">Crushed rock </td> <td align="center">18.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="left">Cement </td> <td align="center">12.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="left">Gold </td> <td align="center">9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="left">Construction sand and gravel </td> <td align="center">9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">6 </td> <td align="left">Copper </td> <td align="center">7.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">7 </td> <td align="left">Industrial sand and gravel </td> <td align="center">5.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8 </td> <td align="left">Iron ore </td> <td align="center">5.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 0.9em; text-align: left; padding: 6px 2px 4px 4px;">Source: US Geological Survey, Mineral Commodities Summaries, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-usgs_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usgs-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mining_by_mineral">Mining by mineral</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mining by mineral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauxite_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Bauxite mining in the United States">Bauxite mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Coal mining in the United States">Coal mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Copper mining in the United States">Copper mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Gold mining in the United States">Gold mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Iron mining in the United States">Iron mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Molybdenum mining in the United States">Molybdenum mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphate_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Phosphate mining in the United States">Phosphate mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Silver mining in the United States">Silver mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranium_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Uranium mining in the United States">Uranium mining in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinc_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Zinc mining in the United States">Zinc mining in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mining_by_state">Mining by state</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mining by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_the_United_States_by_state_or_territory" title="Category:Mining in the United States by state or territory">Category:Mining in the United States by state or territory</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Alaska" title="Category:Mining in Alaska">Category:Mining in Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Arizona" title="Category:Mining in Arizona">Category:Mining in Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_California" title="Category:Mining in California">Category:Mining in California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Colorado" title="Category:Mining in Colorado">Category:Mining in Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Michigan" title="Category:Mining in Michigan">Category:Mining in Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Minnesota" title="Category:Mining in Minnesota">Category:Mining in Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Nevada" title="Category:Mining in Nevada">Category:Mining in Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Pennsylvania" title="Category:Mining in Pennsylvania">Category:Mining in Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Utah" title="Category:Mining in Utah">Category:Mining in Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_West_Virginia" title="Category:Mining in West Virginia">Category:Mining in West Virginia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mining_accidents">Mining accidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mining accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png/220px-Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png/330px-Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png/440px-Non-Coal_Mining_Deaths_-_US.png 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="1450" /></a><figcaption>Non-coal mining fatalities in the United States, 1911-2014 (data from US Department of Labor)</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1880 to 1910, mine accidents claimed thousands of fatalities, with more than 3,000 in 1907 alone.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Where annual mining deaths had numbered more than 1,000 a year during the early part of the 20th century, they decreased to an average of about 500 during the late 1950s, and to 93 during the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to deaths, many thousands more are injured (an average of 21,351 injuries per year between 1991 and 1999), but overall there has been a downward trend of deaths and injuries. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Monongah_Mining_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Monongah Mining Disaster">Monongah Mining Disaster</a> was the worst mining accident of American history; 362 workers were killed in an underground explosion on December 6, 1907, in <a href="/wiki/Monongah" class="mw-redirect" title="Monongah">Monongah</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/U.S._Bureau_of_Mines" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Bureau of Mines">U.S. Bureau of Mines</a> was created in 1910 to investigate accidents, advise industry, conduct production and safety research, and teach courses in accident prevention, first aid, and mine rescue. The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Coal_Mine_Health_and_Safety_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act">Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts</a> of 1969 and 1977 set further safety standards for the industry. </p><p>In 1959, the <a href="/wiki/Knox_Mine_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Knox Mine Disaster">Knox Mine Disaster</a> occurred in <a href="/wiki/Port_Griffith,_Pennsylvania" title="Port Griffith, Pennsylvania">Port Griffith, Pennsylvania</a>. The swelling <a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_River" title="Susquehanna River">Susquehanna</a> river collapsed into a mine under it and resulted in 12 deaths. In <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Pennsylvania" title="Plymouth, Pennsylvania">Plymouth, Pennsylvania</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Avondale_Mine_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Avondale Mine Disaster">Avondale Mine Disaster</a> resulted in the deaths of 108 miners and two rescue workers after a fire in the only shaft eliminated the oxygen in the mine. Federal laws for mining safety ensued this disaster. Pennsylvania suffered another disaster in 2002 at <a href="/wiki/Quecreek_Mine_Rescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Quecreek Mine Rescue">Quecreek</a>, 9 miners were trapped underground and subsequently rescued after 78 hours. During 2006, 72 miners lost their lives at work, 47 by coal mining. The majority of these fatalities occurred in <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Sago_Mine_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Sago Mine Disaster">Sago Mine Disaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 5, 2010, in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Big_Branch_Mine_disaster" title="Upper Big Branch Mine disaster">Upper Big Branch Mine disaster</a> an underground explosion caused the deaths of 29 miners. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_impact">Environmental impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Environmental impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_mining" title="Environmental impact of mining">Environmental impact of mining</a></div> <p>Mining has environmental impacts at many stages in the process and production of mining. In the United States, many different regions in the United States have environmental challenges caused by either historical or current mining. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountain_top_removal">Mountain top removal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mountain top removal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Mountaintop_removal_mining" title="Mountaintop removal mining">Mountaintop removal mining</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mountaintop_removal_mining&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTR1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/MTR1.jpg/220px-MTR1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/MTR1.jpg/330px-MTR1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/MTR1.jpg/440px-MTR1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Mountaintop removal site</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County,_Kentucky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg/220px-Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg/330px-Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg/440px-Mountaintop_removal_mine_in_Pike_County%2C_Kentucky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Mountaintop removal site in <a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Kentucky" title="Pike County, Kentucky">Pike County, Kentucky</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Mountaintop_removal_mining" title="Mountaintop removal mining">Mountaintop removal mining</a> (MTR), also known as mountaintop mining (MTM), is a form of <a href="/wiki/Surface_mining" title="Surface mining">surface mining</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Summit_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Summit (topography)">summit</a> or summit ridge of a mountain. <a href="/wiki/Coal_seam" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal seam">Coal seams</a> are extracted from a mountain by removing the land, or <a href="/wiki/Overburden" title="Overburden">overburden</a>, above the seams. This process is considered to be safer compared to underground mining because the coal seams are accessed from above instead of underground. In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, this method of <a href="/wiki/Coal_mining" title="Coal mining">coal mining</a> is conducted in the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> in the eastern United States. <a href="/wiki/Explosive" title="Explosive">Explosives</a> are used to remove up to 400 vertical feet (120 m) of mountain to expose underlying coal seams. Excess rock and soil is dumped into nearby valleys, in what are called "holler fills" ("hollow fills") or "valley fills".<sup id="cite_ref-Mountaintop_removal_mining_ensnews_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mountaintop_removal_mining_ensnews-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mountaintop_removal_mining_epaPeis_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mountaintop_removal_mining_epaPeis-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mountaintop_removal_mining_epa_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mountaintop_removal_mining_epa-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> The practice of MTM has been controversial. While there are economic benefits to this practice as well as important contributions to the availability of affordable energy, there are also concerns for environmental and human health costs. Recognizing mountaintop removal as a "humanitarian crisis," members of Congress with the support of Appalachian residents introduced the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ache-act_b_1609958">ACHE ACT in 2012</a> to enact a moratorium on the mining practice until a health report could be undertaken. Author and journalist Jeff Biggers, who covered the coal mining industry in his <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reckoninginappalachia.com/">Reckoning in Appalachia</a> reports for 25 years, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecowatch.com/mountaintop-removal-its-time-to-bring-this-american-tragedy-to-an-end-1882022657.html">called mountaintop removal</a> "an immoral crime against nature and our citizenry, and it must be abolished, not regulated.”</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abandoned_mines">Abandoned mines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Abandoned mines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are tens of thousands of abandoned mines in the United States. Many abandoned mines pose environmental challenges, such as <a href="/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage" title="Acid mine drainage">acid mine drainage</a>. In Colorado alone, there are 18,382 abandoned mines.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States has had many different environmental disasters caused by these mines, such as the <a href="/wiki/2015_Gold_King_Mine_waste_water_spill" title="2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill">2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/List_of_Superfund_sites" title="List of Superfund sites">Superfund sites</a> are mines. As of January 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. the EPA lists 142 mines in the Superfund program<sup id="cite_ref-:1mius_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1mius-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water_pollution">Water pollution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Water pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fresh water is used in the mining process for the extraction of minerals like <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> and the processing of ore.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the water has cycled through the mining process, it is discharged as effluent. The effluent or drainage is acidic due to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Sulfuric_acid" title="Sulfuric acid">sulfuric acid</a>. Acid-rich water drainage can lead to environmental implications including contaminated drinking water and disruption of <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem" title="Aquatic ecosystem">aquatic environments</a> near the mining site.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the detrimental effects caused by mining drainage, the mining process is responsible for depleting groundwater supplies. The <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz</a> River basin is being dried to support a copper mine in Arizona.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Land_degradation">Land degradation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Land degradation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>44% of mining facilities in the United States are located in forests. Large-scale mining in areas of <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, like Brazil, release pollutants detrimental to neighboring <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainforests</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Copper mining efforts in the Carajas Mineral Province in Brazil result in 6,100 km of deforestation every year.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mining also results in a loss of <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a>. Deforestation as well as the release of toxic chemicals to both the air and water can affect neighboring plant and animal life.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 40% of all global mines are located in areas of increased biodiversity that have experienced decline in species population due to surrounding industry.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chemicals used in the mining process also result in <a href="/wiki/Soil_erosion" title="Soil erosion">soil erosion</a> that strips the land of essential nutrients affecting surrounding plant and animal life.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mines are often controversial in their local areas, with local residents split by those in favor particularly due to the economic impact of new jobs and those concerned by the environmental impact and occupational hazards. In the case of the proposed <a href="/wiki/Crandon_mine" title="Crandon mine">Crandon mine</a>, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> found that tribes have the right to regulate water and air, which destroyed the economic feasibility of the project.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mines_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of mines in the United States">List of mines in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_Safety_and_Health_Administration" title="Mine Safety and Health Administration">Mine Safety and Health Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Mines" title="United States Bureau of Mines">United States Bureau of Mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_Wars" title="Coal Wars">Coal Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_Owners%27_Association" title="Mine Owners' Association">Mine Owners' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Mining_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Mining Hall of Fame">National Mining Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_with_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental issues with mining">Environmental issues with mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bloomfield_Mining_and_Gravel_Company" title="North Bloomfield Mining and Gravel Company">North Bloomfield Mining and Gravel Company</a>, a prosecution in 1884 led to the Sawyer Decision, among the first environmental decisions in the United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaintop_removal#Legislation_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountaintop removal">Mountaintop removal#Legislation in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Geological Survey, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.usgs.gov/minerals-information-archives/mcs/mcs2016.pdf">Mineral Commodity Summaries</a>, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1mius-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1mius_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1mius_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUS_EPA2015" class="citation web cs1">US EPA, OLEM (2015-05-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/superfund/abandoned-mine-lands-site-information">"Abandoned Mine Lands: Site Information"</a>. <i>US EPA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=US+EPA&rft.atitle=Abandoned+Mine+Lands%3A+Site+Information&rft.date=2015-05-27&rft.aulast=US+EPA&rft.aufirst=OLEM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epa.gov%2Fsuperfund%2Fabandoned-mine-lands-site-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gold.pdf">"USGS Gold Production Statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Vanadinum+Production+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2021%2Fmcs2021-vanadinum.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-iron-ore.pdf">"USGS Iron Ore Production Statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Potash+Production+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2021%2Fmcs2021-potash.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-cobalt.pdf">"USGS Cobalt Production Statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Cobalt+Production+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2021%2Fmcs2021-cobalt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-titanium-minerals.pdf">"USGS Titanium Production Statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Titanium+Production+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2021%2Fmcs2021-titanium-minerals.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gypsum.pdf">"USGS Gypsum Production Statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.coloradogeologicalsurvey.org&rft.atitle=Abandoned+Mines+and+Naturally+Occurring+Acid+Rock+Drainage+on+National+Forest+System+Lands+in+Colorado&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Sares&rft.aufirst=Matthew+A.&rft.au=Gusey%2C+Daryl+L.&rft.au=Neubert%2C+John+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcoloradogeologicalsurvey.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F08%2FUSFS-ICARD2000-paper-Final1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/mining-water-use">"Mining Water Use | U.S. Geological Survey"</a>. <i>www.usgs.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.usgs.gov&rft.atitle=Mining+and+Water+Quality+%7C+U.S.+Geological+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fspecial-topics%2Fwater-science-school%2Fscience%2Fmining-and-water-quality&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.safewater.org/fact-sheets-1/2017/1/23/miningandwaterpollution">"Mining and Water Pollution"</a>. <i>Safe Drinking Water Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Safe+Drinking+Water+Foundation&rft.atitle=Mining+and+Water+Pollution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.safewater.org%2Ffact-sheets-1%2F2017%2F1%2F23%2Fminingandwaterpollution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarmer2021" class="citation web cs1">Farmer, Matt (2021-03-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mining-technology.com/features/mining-and-deforestation-the-unheeded-industry-challenge/">"Mining and deforestation: the unheeded industry challenge?"</a>. <i>Mining Technology</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mining+Technology&rft.atitle=Mining+and+deforestation%3A+the+unheeded+industry+challenge%3F&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mining-technology.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmining-and-deforestation-the-unheeded-industry-challenge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forestdeclaration.org/biodiversity-impacts-from-mining/">"Addressing biodiversity impacts from mining: Progress made and opportunities to act at COP15 - Forest Declaration"</a>. 2022-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Addressing+biodiversity+impacts+from+mining%3A+Progress+made+and+opportunities+to+act+at+COP15+-+Forest+Declaration&rft.date=2022-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforestdeclaration.org%2Fbiodiversity-impacts-from-mining%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unepfi.org/themes/ecosystems/spotlight-on-biodiversity-risk-and-opportunity-in-the-mining-sector/">"Spotlight on biodiversity risk and opportunity in the mining sector – United Nations Environment – Finance Initiative"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spotlight+on+biodiversity+risk+and+opportunity+in+the+mining+sector+%E2%80%93+United+Nations+Environment+%E2%80%93+Finance+Initiative&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unepfi.org%2Fthemes%2Fecosystems%2Fspotlight-on-biodiversity-risk-and-opportunity-in-the-mining-sector%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bergquist, Lee. 2002. "Decision puts water quality in tribe's hands; Sokaogon can set standard near mine." Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 6/4/2002, 1A.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mining_in_North_America158" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_America_topic" title="Template:North America topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_America_topic" title="Template talk:North America topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_America_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North America topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mining_in_North_America158" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mining in North America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Bahamas (page does not exist)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Belize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Belize (page does not exist)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Canada" title="Mining in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Costa Rica (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Cuba (page does not exist)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_El_Salvador" title="Mining in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Jamaica (page does not exist)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mexico" title="Mining in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Nicaragua (page does not exist)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Trinidad and Tobago (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Anguilla (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Aruba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Aruba (page does not exist)">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Bermuda (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the British Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Cayman_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Cayman Islands (page does not exist)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Curaçao (page does not exist)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Guadeloupe (page does not exist)">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Martinique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Martinique (page does not exist)">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Montserrat (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Pierre and Miquelon (page does not exist)">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Sint_Maarten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Sint Maarten (page does not exist)">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Turks and Caicos Islands (page does not exist)">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the United States Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">United States Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mining_in_the_Americas395" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Americas_topic" title="Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Americas_topic" title="Template talk:Americas topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Americas_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mining_in_the_Americas395" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mining in the Americas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the Americas">Sovereign<br />states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Argentina" title="Mining in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Bahamas (page does not exist)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Belize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Belize (page does not exist)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Bolivia" title="Mining in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Brazil" title="Mining in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Canada" title="Mining in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Chile" title="Mining in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Costa Rica (page does not exist)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Cuba (page does not exist)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ecuador" title="Mining in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_El_Salvador" title="Mining in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guyana" title="Mining in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Jamaica (page does not exist)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mexico" title="Mining in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Nicaragua (page does not exist)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Suriname (page does not exist)">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Trinidad and Tobago (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Uruguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Venezuela" title="Mining in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Anguilla (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Aruba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Aruba (page does not exist)">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Bermuda (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the British Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Cayman_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Cayman Islands (page does not exist)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Curaçao (page does not exist)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Falkland_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Falkland Islands (page does not exist)">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_French_Guiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in French Guiana (page does not exist)">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Guadeloupe (page does not exist)">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Martinique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Martinique (page does not exist)">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Montserrat (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Saint Pierre and Miquelon (page does not exist)">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Sint_Maarten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Sint Maarten (page does not exist)">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (page does not exist)">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Turks and Caicos Islands (page does not exist)">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the United States Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_North_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in North America (page does not exist)">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Central_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Central America (page does not exist)">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_the_Caribbean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in the Caribbean (page does not exist)">Caribbean</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Latin_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_South_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in South America">South America</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Economy_of_the_United_States1338" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Economy of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Economy of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Economy_of_the_United_States1338" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Companies of the United States">Companies of the United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Economic history of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_School_(economics)" title="American School (economics)">American School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_System_(economic_plan)" title="American System (economic plan)">American System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_the_United_States" title="Industrial Revolution in the United States">Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Industry_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Industry in the United States">Industries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquaculture in the United States">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_transportation_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Air transportation in the United States">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_the_United_States" title="Beer in the United States">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Biotechnology_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Biotechnology in the United States">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cement_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Cement industry in the United States">Cement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_production_in_Hawaii" title="Coffee production in Hawaii">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_production_in_the_United_States" title="Cotton production in the United States">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Electricity sector in the United States">Electric power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_industry_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronics industry in the United States">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Fishing industry in the United States">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_the_United_States" title="Gambling in the United States">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hedge_fund_firms_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Hedge fund firms of the United States">Hedge fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the United States">Media</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mining</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_mining_in_the_United_States" title="Gold mining in the United States">Gold mining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Pharmaceutical industry in the United States">Pharmaceuticals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pharmacies_in_the_United_States" title="Pharmacies in the United States">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Publishing_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Publishing in the United States">Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Rail transportation in the United States">Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_estate_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Real estate in the United States">Real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_States" title="Renewable energy in the United States">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Steel industry in the United States">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in the United States">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_in_the_United_States" title="Digital television in the United States">Digital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Textile_industry_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Textile industry of the United States">Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine of the United States">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Special_economic_zones_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Special economic zones of the United States">Special Economic Zones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empowerment_zone" title="Empowerment zone">Empowerment Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opportunity_zone" title="Opportunity zone">Opportunity Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targeted_Employment_Area" title="Targeted Employment Area">Targeted Employment Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_trade_zones_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Foreign trade zones of the United States">Foreign Trade Zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metropolitan Statistical Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Energy in the United States">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal in the United States">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Petroleum industry in the United States">Oil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_shale_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Oil shale in the United States">Oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_refineries#United_States" title="List of oil refineries">Oil refineries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_the_United_States" title="Nuclear power in the United States">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_States" title="Renewable energy in the United States">Renewable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_the_United_States" title="Wind power in the United States">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_United_States" title="Solar power in the United States">Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Geothermal power in the United States">Geothermal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Infrastructure_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Infrastructure in the United States">infrastructure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Shipping_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Shipping in the United States">Shipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_the_United_States" title="Illegal drug trade in the United States">Illegal drug trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_Foreign_Investment_in_the_United_States" title="Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States">Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ports_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Ports of the United States">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_trading_partners_of_the_United_States" title="List of the largest trading partners of the United States">Trading partners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law and regulations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Tax system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_labor_law" title="United States labor law">Labor law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labor_laws_in_the_United_States" title="Child labor laws in the United States">Child labor laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-to-work_law" title="Right-to-work law">Right-to-work law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">Minimum wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Food safety in the United States">Food safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Finance_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Finance in the United States">Finance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Banking in the United States">banking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_the_United_States" title="Financial services in the United States">Financial services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_banking_in_the_United_States" title="History of banking in the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of banks in the United States">Other banks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a> (<a href="/wiki/NYSE_Composite" title="NYSE Composite">NYSE Composite</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASDAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="NASDAQ">NASDAQ</a> (<a href="/wiki/NASDAQ_Composite" class="mw-redirect" title="NASDAQ Composite">NASDAQ Composite</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Board_of_Trade" title="Chicago Board of Trade">Chicago Board of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Board_of_Trade" title="New York Board of Trade">New York Board of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Exchange" title="Intercontinental Exchange">Intercontinental Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Accounting_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Accounting in the United States">Accounting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Economy of the United States">Government institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Department of the Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">Department of Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">Department of Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Office of the United States Trade Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Business_Administration" title="Small Business Administration">Small Business Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Board" title="National Labor Relations Board">National Labor Relations Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Trade_and_Development_Agency" title="United States Trade and Development Agency">United States Trade and Development Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">Customs and Border Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency" title="Office of the Comptroller of the Currency">Office of the Comptroller of the Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumer_Financial_Protection_Bureau" title="Consumer Financial Protection Bureau">Consumer Financial Protection Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">Securities and Exchange Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Deposit_Insurance_Corporation" title="Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation">Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Credit_Union_Administration" title="National Credit Union Administration">National Credit Union Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_International_Trade_Commission" title="United States International Trade Commission">United States International Trade Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_statistical_system" title="Federal statistical system">Statistics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_development_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Economic development in the United States">Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_the_United_States" title="International rankings of the United States">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_GDP" title="List of U.S. states and territories by GDP">States by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_welfare_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Social welfare in the United States">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_force_in_the_United_States" title="Labor force in the United States">Labor force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Causes of unemployment in the United States">Causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_unemployment_rate" title="List of U.S. states and territories by unemployment rate">State unemployment rate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_States" title="Corruption in the United States">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization_in_the_United_States" title="Urbanization in the United States">Urbanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emigration_from_the_United_States" title="Emigration from the United States">Emigration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._International_Development_Finance_Corporation" title="U.S. International Development Finance Corporation">U.S. International Development Finance Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dot_Network" title="Blue Dot Network">Blue Dot Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Build_Back_Better_World" title="Build Back Better World">Build Back Better World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Export%E2%80%93Import_Bank_of_the_United_States" title="Export–Import Bank of the United States">Export–Import Bank of the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economic initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmeriCorps_VISTA" title="AmeriCorps VISTA">AmeriCorps VISTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_Corps" title="Job Corps">Job Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathways_out_of_Poverty" title="Pathways out of Poverty">Pathways out of Poverty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Economic history of the United States">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000s_United_States_housing_bubble" title="2000s United States housing bubble">2006–2012 housing bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">2007–2008 financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932010_automotive_industry_crisis" title="2008–2010 automotive industry crisis">2008–2010 automotive industry crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Stimulus_Act_of_2008" title="Economic Stimulus Act of 2008">2008 economic stimulus plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war" title="China–United States trade war">China–United States trade war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Related topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy_in_the_United_States" title="Bankruptcy in the United States">Bankruptcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">Companies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_the_United_States_by_revenue" title="List of largest companies in the United States by revenue">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Top 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_the_United_States" title="State-owned enterprises of the United States">SOEs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute" title="American National Standards Institute">National Standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCC_mark" title="FCC mark">FCC mark</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Made_in_USA" title="Made in USA">Made in USA</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wealthiest_Americans_by_net_worth" title="List of wealthiest Americans by net worth">List of Americans by net worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_economists" title="Category:American economists">American economists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States" title="Science and technology in the United States">Science and technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Economy of the United States">Category</a></dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline of the United States</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_America" title="Economy of North America">Economy of North America</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_articles608" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_topics" title="Template:United States topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_topics" title="Template talk:United States topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_articles608" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1776%E2%80%931789)" title="History of the United States (1776–1789)">1776–1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1789%E2%80%931815)" title="History of the United States (1789–1815)">1789–1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1815%E2%80%931849)" title="History of the United States (1815–1849)">1815–1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1849%E2%80%931865)" title="History of the United States (1849–1865)">1849–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">1865–1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1917%E2%80%931945)" title="History of the United States (1917–1945)">1917–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1945%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the United States (1945–1964)">1945–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1964%E2%80%931980)" title="History of the United States (1964–1980)">1964–1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1980%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the United States (1980–1991)">1980–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">1991–2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(2008%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (2008–present)">2008–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-colonial era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_period" title="Confederation period">Confederation period</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">drafting and ratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Era" title="Federalist Era">Federalist Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Native American genocide in the United States">Native genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">Women's suffrage</a></li> <li>Civil rights movement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="Civil rights movement (1865–1896)">1865–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="Civil rights movement (1896–1954)">1896–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">1954–1968</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="American imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Twenties" title="Roaring Twenties">Roaring Twenties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">home front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Feminist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">LGBT Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">Post-Cold War (1991–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on Terror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_history_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the history of the United States">Outline of U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Demographic history of the United States">Demographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_discoveries" title="Timeline of United States discoveries">Discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions" title="Timeline of United States inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._territorial_sovereignty" title="U.S. territorial sovereignty">Territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">Contiguous United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_enclave" title="Federal enclave">federal enclaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">insular zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">minor outlying islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_populated_places_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of populated places in the United States">populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States" title="List of earthquakes in the United States">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_United_States" title="List of extreme points of the United States">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountains of the United States">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountain peaks of the United States">peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#United_States" title="List of mountain ranges">ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li>Longest <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_States" title="List of rivers of the United States">rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_River" title="Yukon River">Yukon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_States" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United States">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Powers of the president of the United States">powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">ATF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">CBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Diplomatic Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">DEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">TSA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Inspector generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_civil_service" title="United States federal civil service">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Public policy of the United States">Public policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#President_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_court" title="United States territorial court">Territorial courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">list of courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_district_judges" title="List of current United States district judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">Other tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. attorney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_preemption" title="Federal preemption">preemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Separation of powers under the United States Constitution">separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Uniformed services of the United States">Uniformed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Commissioned_Officer_Corps" title="NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps">NOAA Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps" title="United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps">Public Health Service Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">Federal District</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_constitutional_officer" title="State constitutional officer">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant governor (United States)">Lieutenant governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_lieutenant_governors" title="List of current United States lieutenant governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_(U.S._state_government)" title="Secretary of state (U.S. state government)">Secretary of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_attorney_general" title="State attorney general">Attorney general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_treasurer" title="State treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_auditor" title="State auditor">Auditor/Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_commissioner" title="Agriculture commissioner">Agriculture commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_commissioner" title="Insurance commissioner">Insurance commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_utilities_commission" title="Public utilities commission">Public utilities commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_police_(United_States)" title="State police (United States)">State police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_and_local_law_enforcement_agencies" title="List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">List of legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_legislators" title="List of U.S. state legislators">List of legislators</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">Supreme courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_chief_justices" title="List of state chief justices">Chief justices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">District attorney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_district_attorneys_by_county" class="mw-redirect" title="List of district attorneys by county">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_law_(United_States)" title="State law (United States)">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_constitutions_in_the_United_States" title="State constitutions in the United States">State constitutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_statutory_codes" title="List of U.S. state statutory codes">Statutory codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_act" title="Uniform act">Uniform act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_U.S._state_and_territory_governments" title="Comparison of U.S. state and territory governments">Comparison of governments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tribe_(Native_American)" title="Tribe (Native American)">Tribal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States" title="Native American recognition in the United States">Native American recognition in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States" title="List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States">Federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alaska_Native_tribal_entities" title="List of Alaska Native tribal entities">Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State-recognized tribes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_home_land" title="Hawaiian home land">Hawaiian home land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_counties_and_county_equivalents" title="List of United States counties and county equivalents">List of counties and county equivalents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_executive" title="County executive">County executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_in_the_United_States" title="Sheriffs in the United States">Sheriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_clerk" title="Municipal clerk">Clerk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coterminous_municipality" title="Coterminous municipality">Coterminous municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter#United_States" title="Municipal charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–council government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager_government" title="Council–manager government">Council–manager government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_commission_government" title="City commission government">City commission government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_in_the_United_States" title="Mayoralty in the United States">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_manager" title="City manager">City manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council#United_States" title="Municipal council">City council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Minor_civil_division" title="Minor civil division">Minor divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">Town meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_school_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of school districts in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_States" title="Corruption in the United States">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">foreign policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_presidency" title="Imperial presidency">Imperial presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Ideologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Americanism" title="Anti-Americanism">Anti-Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third parties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">Scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">By sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States" title="Science and technology in the United States">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">by state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_budget" title="United States federal budget">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_the_United_States" title="Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States">Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_position_of_the_United_States" title="Financial position of the United States">Financial position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_United_States" title="National debt of the United States">Public debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social welfare programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the United States">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States" title="Aviation in the United States">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States" title="Driving in the United States">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Public transportation in the United States">Public transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Rail transportation in the United States">Rail transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Transportation policy of the United States">Transportation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation safety in the United States">Transportation safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">Trucking industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Society of the United States">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_the_United_States" title="Architecture in the United States">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economic issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eviction_in_the_United_States" title="Eviction in the United States">eviction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_the_United_States" title="Literacy in the United States">literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_in_the_United_States" title="Family in the United States">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_the_United_States" title="List of flags of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">Federal holidays</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_the_United_States" title="Housing in the United States">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Indigenous languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_United_States" title="Mass media in the United States">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_journalism" title="History of American journalism">journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers" title="History of American newspapers">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_United_States" title="National symbols of the United States">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(personification)" title="Columbia (personification)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam" title="Uncle Sam">Uncle Sam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Political ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_United_States" title="Society of the United States">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sports_in_the_United_States" title="History of sports in the United States">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Visual art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">Educational attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">Homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">Middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">Personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_United_States" title="Health in the United States">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_the_United_States" title="Aging of the United States">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare in the United States">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_in_the_United_States" title="Birth control in the United States">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_care_in_the_United_States" title="Prenatal care in the United States">Prenatal care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospice_care_in_the_United_States" title="Hospice care in the United States">Hospice care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigrant_health_care_in_the_United_States" title="Immigrant health care in the United States">Immigrant health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_rationing_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare rationing in the United States">Rationing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_finance_in_the_United_States" title="Health care finance in the United States">Health care finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_costs_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance costs in the United States">Health insurance costs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Health care prices in the United States">Health care prices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Prescription drug prices in the United States">Prescription drug prices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_the_United_States" title="Disability in the United States">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance in the United States">Health insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Food safety in the United States">Food safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician_shortage_in_the_United_States" title="Physician shortage in the United States">Physician shortage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty and health in the United States">Poverty and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Race and health in the United States">Race and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States" title="Obesity in the United States">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_deserts_in_the_United_States" title="Medical deserts in the United States">Medical deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_reproductive_health_in_the_United_States" title="Women's reproductive health in the United States">Women's reproductive health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_life_expectancy" title="List of U.S. states and territories by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">incarceration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_States_government" title="Criticism of the United States government">Criticism of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_in_the_United_States" title="Discrimination in the United States">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States" title="Affirmative action in the United States">affirmative action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Intersex rights in the United States">intersex rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Islamophobia in the United States">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Racism against Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_African_Americans" title="Racism against African Americans">African American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental issues in the United States">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental movement in the United States">Environmental movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_States" title="Climate change in the United States">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunger in the United States">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_United_States" title="Tobacco in the United States">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">National security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic_in_the_United_States" title="Opioid epidemic in the United States">Opioid epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Xenophobia in the United States">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mining_in_the_World5362" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_topic" title="Template:World topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_topic" title="Template talk:World topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mining_in_the_World5362" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the World">Mining in the World</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Afghanistan" title="Mining in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Algeria">Algeria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Angola">Angola</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Argentina" title="Mining in Argentina">Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Armenia">Armenia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Australia" title="Mining in Australia">Australia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Barbados">Barbados</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Belarus">Belarus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Benin">Benin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Bhutan" title="Mining in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Bolivia" title="Mining in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Botswana">Botswana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Brazil" title="Mining in Brazil">Brazil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Burundi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Burundi">Burundi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Cameroon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Canada" title="Mining in Canada">Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Cape_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Chad">Chad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Chile" title="Mining in Chile">Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in China">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Colombia">Colombia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Comoros">Comoros</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Dominica">Dominica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ecuador" title="Mining in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Egypt">Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_El_Salvador" title="Mining in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ethiopia" title="Mining in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Finland">Finland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_France" title="Mining in France">France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Mining in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Germany">Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Ghana">Ghana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Guinea">Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guinea-Bissau" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Guyana" title="Mining in Guyana">Guyana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Haiti">Haiti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Honduras">Honduras</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_India" title="Mining in India">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iran" title="Mining in Iran">Iran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Iraq">Iraq</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ivory_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Japan" title="Mining in Japan">Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Jordan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Jordan">Jordan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Kenya">Kenya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Kyrgyzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Lesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Liberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Liberia">Liberia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Libya">Libya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Luxembourg" title="Mining in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Madagascar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Malawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Malawi">Malawi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Malaysia" title="Mining in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mali" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Mali">Mali</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mauritania" title="Mining in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mexico" title="Mining in Mexico">Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mongolia" title="Mining in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Morocco">Morocco</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Namibia" title="Mining in Namibia">Namibia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Nepal">Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_New_Zealand" title="Mining in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Niger" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Niger">Niger</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_North_Korea" title="Mining in North Korea">North Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Norway">Norway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Pakistan" title="Mining in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Panama">Panama</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Mining in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Peru">Peru</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Poland">Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Portugal" title="Mining in Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Mining in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Romania">Romania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Russia">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Rwanda" title="Mining in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Senegal">Senegal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Serbia">Serbia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Mining in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Somalia">Somalia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in South Africa">South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in South Korea">South Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Spain">Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Sudan">Sudan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Sweden" title="Mining in Sweden">Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Syria">Syria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Taiwan" title="Mining in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Tajikistan" title="Mining in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Thailand">Thailand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Togo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Togo">Togo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Turkey">Turkey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Uganda">Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mining in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Uruguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Venezuela" title="Mining in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Zambia" title="Mining in Zambia">Zambia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Zimbabwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" 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