CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91352888bc9587a8',cH: 'TtV_UJ1KsJ1WZ2V2Tf.J5.DUJcUT0ALTemDCp6FrvK0-1739788816-1.2.1.1-MOa4exa4js6Wcgu1tLyBLXl.XIudVwPo4TSNilNOuekcbh2TBl.BHSOs7P1MHg7o',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=a%20mixed-methods%20study&__cf_chl_tk=uL.R524100gUaXtpNvCTpMpqLJSiWTrGCGLXx0LJ0gw-1739788816-1.0.1.1-JH760bWaoxssO2Zri5Z6YznImXdCXktnEgdPdL3m.Co",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788816',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=a%20mixed-methods%20study&__cf_chl_f_tk=uL.R524100gUaXtpNvCTpMpqLJSiWTrGCGLXx0LJ0gw-1739788816-1.0.1.1-JH760bWaoxssO2Zri5Z6YznImXdCXktnEgdPdL3m.Co",md: "FXYot_4WQFdlxdMLs2upmGNH.LndVT49PxzrLd7s2tM-1739788816-1.2.1.1-V2H6cBf56NPMjujX9f_GmqC_Xqjb42gFAyJyQkjMY5BGfaBnvI43QZvKoWpRkcWJxFCdgXR7GzFY66YKdroaFa.SuoGZrcWm2wuPQrsdVbBDLdtzZPJf4KKqImmlz9PWjORYWKZZYNb2p4.lLKwTYo1HA6t67GUGOUw6YQPh2nUtDSyNR8PSket5qZY54hBn5l1jzPDHlv4jZzOhgmYVj97ycENY5uDXDHtDtJALKR6r8WwGlraUIFxXYWHe05aLT4m6o7c9xMAZL5N7sp_zjgZQqZKPhCpKE3GDtZaPoBJzYY0mQTRSWgXzlxr3Nu1p7MzdqHEomjGcTaMCaBLGyB2fJvEIlGW.u6c8ppDSBzAIOlee8rbU8T_JZVp6RQxMGMXtCkJHKJk76eVY7Ec3.Ox.gF0rIYgatOc0OEGS52ClDHDxhSvabnZUOjFrWhmwP0f1uGGOIsOwgQtJqSAJfC_Mcqv8tubwxDGIPTQ2JALfTdWq5089X.omwI4CfUGpJs4v4HQC8XxtDtOqQbzkZAll7OacdHtuRu8oR721GtywpN2_2.Ag048opQM4yL3mqsx.4XgdotCu8QotAqsSL8db9KkufR8iJwlmedPZKtcBV.KHcTsnvjHTR4A88_Ct4calBqD1uyVCR2ER6mL3kCKeci8PCw7NgSiCsYDnjYaYihN4Xly8RpqNju8Le8i.F6kAkEXu3yQWf6HOe9igrwfJCZLxa536MsR6_P4rzuqkayji3Assu60bBEqP8dADEg4zu9vwAYnntJdJ290MRlqbJOodtb24HvKtJQnpQQLMGES1ItqYoaeHe8JZhJwH3I7zl1mHZRoKRSylAT8NJONCk5FlGqAc3pWWT07BsndV2VvahFc0ekAC2uNLnm0f24NTRoEQkVbiW5Nc1bR_K7yKhANkaas.mpRI4xqGMVaE8pz.wn37iwgn2zDkeX_yIQOIAOeGJwO_WKPDq1kuv3.HgDhB3Huh6RyeiwWRjqEuffS.XIlPQ4tsas731hpmGlnH_dqxuDHumZ0usAi.w7zpAwc0uRkVznWmM5VjLNNyjN2fnPIP0oh9Dv7vRMTCeT3JPsSInk.0gr7SJpHlOpbiS2X_C26EbpgXx4sBaG72KJR0areTLOjkIXSx70tLnkXEyeLQ0bOD9SGfyhbeOAUkDbw6IJ93ea8091kt6.zskt.Wq2t5lQETq4hhZUvH0YdBlNtu7lDoPQVXRufHyG7umabYTPXJIh3G33sH5p.cVemK_8pi8ubbiQTdMLD7Z1n6r00vPfFGn2nxjY.m3VoANxOENNRvFGXML5goZfKRJeR7d3pVOYO4sePRUzT6VnclTich8Jn0M2kqLMfkAVDni8nIrVdk4F3ZZ.PqQo_9x8ewF7Muw.rEbwr8yEuDAd7mr.zF0Hr8VpN.ZrwyLjE5OBPUsKETCrXscY0Y88_OVXE_MchmErlYsTEORw5GlAmXVl7mSFOV.Mfdei.s6lzOxkJ.A3eBxHaN8eDKf8NihUKO2G0mj.6lH9SxJUEX8UuPEoY99mJpXQKeZg43mJ4uYVx7FdNUeIBhxLHEI4Qku6LlgK146FJCBU_Wj.T3GtHGDtKgsgPDE33H_8.ZRB4YI2JoyHU0auxk2HIXiLt1qXTzFWZq.e089xmE2hmdrqjOcW7NWMIM1._EoNC0fDSNLKJq1ODSTGfNiBbMLcrJwtaeyW36hQmIkT5L93HgJcrJJT8z.BWqDKa_nuDOoQAgPq5pu_o3_7v4icBEb_QOJKfNijmUK.UmtZioaXnmtFO_eF6bYJrJrrUquqneliISYr1F1UiVdgirInbjU7iFBmfe4yMxUzL.1ZJF6AOcg9Vijnql4USLXsR78jybYd1MF25hFjObMkUPgtlr3kF9FGrodLeVoDCl93FpP9InM0iouX5g3bka59XyM877p2o8vD8qUKce5diUHIYNXPFyXlAr8M10ioPK.sYHMuZB",mdrd: "affmPI5SWialsYEUcl3XMZt5ZJdLVO5nB87BC4Q7gf0-1739788816-1.2.1.1-fOMqX8av_Bj879T8Sd4SRY8qAcJDpTlPY8PnvfE37gMsPBGTL9O1AgYyq2Rw3.3xI2c1y85I9wVvQ2KgTtABX0NtLVUH0r.GKZdwTWaLc6NsN__IvxVkU1ZHkxvBwiznmaJgev3nkPqUVGd_hXjS54kj44gSGf96UcyBSWV9eb6WdUMiOBg0dJreXG2QUMC_E03jVcAe_sozHWLbhTETXHWWyZ1.mpx5mu5MwmhD6vviBEu.z8MbKU7zz0y2HUAsdTiZSCTYOJRj.Ct8UL6grR7q7MJTK0sjQAE_.oGYznDD0Ssu2fWTE2nQEg90CNgC__0mYtO0_84n2O7EVV_vWp22_1oP..xqiQR5nV828X0Z3anyvcGDoCqkyjDvT.DWGULku2DAdiJJKCS99Qv2bW47rXhBm2U6xVv3lnWivY0PcJHo74bg8P_iFzmQxTtHaCrDwZHnOS1I.TEKmApoqnPKPgJGY2W0_XCKWzjPAQRZVPMatXae_EtM.Q6.LIUhw3dzbp2qJ15tJsMn_5eH.CjWrFvcX6.VQOJvASkq7SeYZ7QEVz4JI4R8b5uRKHCmmPDrTnd5dNwoYWYB1X43Slh_FoM3FPGE7bnRu4YvED7wjP1fi.eHX4tqKGM6QQtwP7GEUtSu5xlC48kYlR0_tl1QaYmytYQqIAE5IgoXoTrPLZBV.NzxyLaUU_SqdbJH4Jd15GKvPYA0bfbIghOxKIko_OVmQW5iOku9mAE.5WIvVU5udd3MBjz9bn.k_S6mIMZlRnt2D4_l3.x9ZZH18tQ.sPXxCNLmSq8ecPB2OAwm1B7ier7xtJZs3a1Vq1doJrssyAXz1fm9SS5MX3HmqxM1jbN.oiDUutpUMJ0DHCPzea75_NqJliabONxzHpFAGbgRjbwzmVZMJm.Bq168tAWo5s9eL9bbsAuW7zb7tr7oxXXnxDfwVpE2fve7tGV_cnBOQ0KugbunXpM4iSuBcxc7xKg05Efr.DCY6zNUpa9YjQIBqSkkh_0djkgCGv2n3qsN97t9cgkyj984O92WeiQsvo49.uEkVa.I7Kx69YOzmYsRGr9eAPNB8_MmpJM2sRpGmotfVVyFkuu.P0qztR8x3h85RXZXCzMB8am5Nx2CNesw0Thu5iAirt9u3GhWEbFI_ZQ0NKH0Qmkm7ggYEshdRK5Du5lfoCCGBRA3i1KXYiInLFabpFKKVXWVAxWKiR0QmFYrU0u11wzbfxN8H60kT0pwJxw_ioVBRTKj3p34tLndPzNfcKCs8LShrqDOr6Mc0QWAtTCwnrUtB0UnDXZj6OC.2vQGidSHA48wmZvbmZYRiuQGs6oSiA1O5jANvv1tLIRjGgA8GrF7CBXE403_u2royzYz..heNgHjn9WdFikxTTyuuRvrmTzvtYjJhT_IWwyrwdzFgXaK6xDQvKLqhagytWeGoMLDqAilgOJuGDdahxYkZA.U37gAXeMQVrXPFLiXS6Z457rJUV.uB_jbsLMfJ4QYcwS0YcmAmm.DFYwr0j3GII2hGfZuJG8wmV3GNoz03iN4DeXQLARwmfkpqpOePeVw7egrTfqw2Hw2QMEYh9XyEMc40f2_o_4CFGKtBT07NXR817CqN7QB4HfFP_E3_SRRNdf4BYlMINyPglTCSKj3eoa5NBIU6luZUI.Unnn9jUUPeI6DTpCtFk9aDLwXfboBx6fwQgyjGa1cZgAeRtTlsRxVlmoENEBNS2Z9Lbf.WjOVCXG2fTn1BySPJ1DLwcwvormoD0BRMOXX6bdZ1xeEyAVwu3xIl1JCO2kwzMHuiA5RKb2gLi6HLK1jP2n_y015fh8LKGzP7hDKPWdMNhSJbv3v3SmeGmmf_0OkBE9meNH6N.hBfhuJHkQSGsVRPY_J7jdG2MQTyMGa.ofjHHUNZ.CnmC5mWxFlO9u6dA.IS78hemXBSr.yrQWWUuzpzVmMePgOrSi0_eac0RwOxMuDZavfbougHrPs2GDBjKtL3iJQdwPdvTVf_g"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91352888bc9587a8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=a%20mixed-methods%20study&__cf_chl_rt_tk=uL.R524100gUaXtpNvCTpMpqLJSiWTrGCGLXx0LJ0gw-1739788816-1.0.1.1-JH760bWaoxssO2Zri5Z6YznImXdCXktnEgdPdL3m.Co" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>