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href="#Mineral_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mineral resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mineral_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administrative divisions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urban_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Urban areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industries_and_economic_zones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industries_and_economic_zones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Industries and economic zones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industries_and_economic_zones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bridge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bridge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Bridge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bridge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hospitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hospitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Hospitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hospitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ningxia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 104 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="نينغشيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نينغشيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsya-Huey_Muxtar_Rayonu" title="Ninsya-Huey Muxtar Rayonu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ninsya-Huey Muxtar Rayonu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="নিংশিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিংশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAng-h%C4%81_H%C3%B4e-cho%CC%8Dk_Ch%C5%AB-t%C4%AB-khu" title="Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Нінся-Хуэйскі аўтаномны раён – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нінся-Хуэйскі аўтаномны раён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-хуейски автономен регион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нинся-хуейски автономен регион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉིང་ཤ་ཧུའི་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉིང་ཤ་ཧུའི་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Huizu_Zizhiqu" title="Ningxia Huizu Zizhiqu – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ningxia Huizu Zizhiqu" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning-sia" title="Ning-sia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ning-sia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC" title="Νινγκσιά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νινγκσιά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%9Djao" title="Ningŝjao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ningŝjao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Hui_Eskualde_Autonomoa" title="Ningxia Hui Eskualde Autonomoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ningxia Hui Eskualde Autonomoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگ‌شیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نینگ‌شیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F" title="寧夏 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="寧夏" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A8n-ha" title="Nèn-ha – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nèn-ha" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Нинша – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Нинша" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%9D%EC%83%A4_%ED%9B%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%A1%B1_%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%EA%B5%AC" title="닝샤 후이족 자치구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="닝샤 후이족 자치구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1-%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%B5" title="Նինսյա-Հուեյ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նինսյա-Հուեյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निंगशिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निंगशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiono_autonoma_Ningxia_Huizu" title="Regiono autonoma Ningxia Huizu – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Regiono autonoma Ningxia Huizu" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-Хуэйы автономон район – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нинся-Хуэйы автономон район" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%94" title="נינגשיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נינגשיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ნინსია-ხუეი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნინსია-ხუეი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F" title="Нинся – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нинся" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Hui" title="Ningxia Hui – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ningxia Hui" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsjas_Hueju_autonomais_re%C4%A3ions" title="Ninsjas Hueju autonomais reģions – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ninsjas Hueju autonomais reģions" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningsia" title="Ningsia – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ningsia" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninghszia-Huj_Auton%C3%B3m_Ter%C3%BClet" title="Ninghszia-Huj Autonóm Terület – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ninghszia-Huj Autonóm Terület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нингсја – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нингсја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="നിൻഗ്സിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിൻഗ്സിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निंग्स्या – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="निंग्स्या" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ნინსია-ჰუეი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნინსია-ჰუეი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگ‌شیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نینگ‌شیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ACng-h%C3%A2" title="Nìng-hâ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nìng-hâ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%8F_-_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82%D3%A9%D3%A9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ниншя - Хотонгийн өөртөө засах орон – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ниншя - Хотонгийн өөртөө засах орон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निङ्जिया – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="निङ्जिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="寧夏回族自治区 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="寧夏回族自治区" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsya-Xuey_muxtor_rayoni" title="Ninsya-Xuey muxtor rayoni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ninsya-Xuey muxtor rayoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ننگزیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ننگزیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninxi%C3%A1" title="Ninxiá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ninxiá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C3%B1%C5%9F%C3%A2_Huy_Muhtar_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Niñşâ Huy Muhtar Bölgesi – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Niñşâ Huy Muhtar Bölgesi" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ننگشيا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ننگشيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%A1ja" title="Ningšja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ningšja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нингсја – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нингсја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B7%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="நின்ஷியா தன்னாட்சிப் பகுதி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நின்ஷியா தன்னாட்சிப் பகுதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D2%A3%D1%87%D3%99-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%85%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Ниңчә-Хуэй мөхтәри районы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ниңчә-Хуэй мөхтәри районы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2" title="เขตปกครองตนเองหนิงเซี่ยหุย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เขตปกครองตนเองหนิงเซี่ยหุย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Нинсиа – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нинсиа" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%9Fia_Huy_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Ningşia Huy Özerk Bölgesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ningşia Huy Özerk Bölgesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нінся-Хуейський автономний район – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нінся-Хуейський автономний район" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگشیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نینگشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%89%DA%AD%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AE%DB%87%D9%8A%D8%B2%DB%87_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%87%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="نىڭشيا خۇيزۇ ئاپتونۇم رايونى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نىڭشيا خۇيزۇ ئاپتونۇم رايونى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningzha_Veizcuz_Swcigih" title="Ningzha Veizcuz Swcigih – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ningzha Veizcuz Swcigih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninh_H%E1%BA%A1" title="Ninh Hạ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ninh Hạ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="寧夏回族自治區 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="寧夏回族自治區" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="宁夏回族自治区 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="宁夏回族自治区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F" title="寧夏 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="寧夏" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="宁夏回族自治区 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="宁夏回族自治区" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q57448#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Ningxia" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous region in Northwestern China</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous region in China</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Ningxia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Chinese transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Chinese characters</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">宁夏回族自治区</span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِ‌کِیُوِ</span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū</i></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">NX / <span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81#Chinese" class="extiw" title="wikt:宁">宁</a></span> (<span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Níng</i></span>)</span> transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Yellow River passing through Shapotou"><img alt="View of the Yellow River passing through Shapotou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/375px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4218" data-file-height="2740" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View of the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a> passing through <a href="/wiki/Shapotou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapotou District">Shapotou</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_in_China_(%2Ball_claims_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Ningxia within China"><img alt="Location of Ningxia within China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/275px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/413px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/550px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Ningxia within China</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">China</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(and largest city)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Divisions</th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b>5 <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures of the People's Republic of China">prefectures</a>, 21 <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of the People's Republic of China">counties</a>, 219 <a href="/wiki/Townships_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Townships of the People's Republic of China">townships</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Ningxia Hui Autonomous Regional People's Congress</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Party_Secretary_of_Ningxia" title="Party Secretary of Ningxia">Party Secretary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Yifei" title="Li Yifei">Li Yifei</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Congress Chairman</th><td class="infobox-data">vacant</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_Ningxia" title="Chairperson of Ningxia">Government Chairman</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yupu" title="Zhang Yupu">Zhang Yupu</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">CPPCC</a> Chairman</th><td class="infobox-data">Chen Yong</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> Representation</th><td class="infobox-data">23 deputies</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-area_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-area-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">66,399.73 km<sup>2</sup> (25,637.08 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_area" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by area">27th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Helan_Mountains" title="Helan Mountains">Helan Mountains</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,556 m (11,667 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,202,654</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_population" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by population">30th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">110/km<sup>2</sup> (280/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by population density">25th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Ethnic composition</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han</a> – 62%</li><li><a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a> – 38%</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Languages and dialects</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lanyin_Mandarin" title="Lanyin Mandarin">Lanyin Mandarin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Plains_Mandarin" title="Central Plains Mandarin">Central Plains Mandarin</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2023)</span><sup id="cite_ref-GDPdata_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GDPdata-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥531,495 million (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP">29th</a>; US$75,425 million)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥72,957 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP per capita">18th</a>; US$ 10,353)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">CN-NX</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">0.764<sup id="cite_ref-SHDI_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHDI-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by HDI">21st</a>) – <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#090">high</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nx.gov.cn">www<wbr />.nx<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Ningxia</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/90px-Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/135px-Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/180px-Ningxia_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="806" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Ningxia" in <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified</a> (top) and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional</a> (bottom) Chinese characters</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">宁夏</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">寧夏</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Níngxià</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">Postal</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ningsia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">"Pacified <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia" title="Western Xia">Xia</a>"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Níngxià</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;"><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄋㄧㄥˊ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄒㄧㄚˋ</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Ning<sup>2</sup>-hsia<sup>4</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Níngsyà</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[nǐŋ.ɕjâ]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-style: normal;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا</span></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dungan_language" title="Dungan language">Dungan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Cyrl" style="font-style: normal;">Нинщя</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Suzhounese" class="mw-redirect" title="Suzhounese">Suzhounese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Wu Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="wuu-Latn">Nyín-ghô</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Nèn-ha</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Nìhnghah</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Ning4haa6</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[nɪŋ˩.ha˨]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Lêng-hā</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Teochew dialect">Teochew</a> <a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Teochew" title="Guangdong Romanization">Peng'im</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Lêng-hiā</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> <a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">BUC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Dong Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="cdo-Latn">Nìng-hâ</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Official name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">宁夏回族自治区</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">寧夏回族自治區</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِ‌ٿِيُوِ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">Postal</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ningsia Hui Autonomous Region</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;"><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄋㄧㄥˊ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄒㄧㄚˋ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄏㄨㄟˊ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄗㄨˊ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄗˋ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄓˋ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄑㄩ</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spelling_in_Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" title="Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ningshiah Hweitzwu Tzyhjyhchiu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Ning<sup>2</sup>-hsia<sup>4</sup> Hui<sup>2</sup>-tsu<sup>2</sup> Tzŭ<sup>4</sup>-chih<sup>4</sup>-chʻü<sup>1</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Níngsyà Hwéidzú Dz̀jr̀chyū</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[nǐŋ.ɕjâ xwěɪ.tsǔ tsɹ̩̂.ʈʂɻ̩̂.tɕʰý]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-style: normal;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِ‌ٿِيُوِ</span></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Dungan_language" title="Dungan language">Dungan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Cyrl" style="font-style: normal;">Нинщя Хуэйзў Зыҗычў</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese" title="Romanization of Wu Chinese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Wu Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="wuu-Latn">Nyin<sup>平</sup>ya<sup>去</sup> we<sup>平</sup>zoh<sup>入</sup> zy<sup>去</sup>zy<sup>去</sup>chiu<sup>平</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Nèn-ha Fui-tshu̍k Tshṳ-tshṳ-khî</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Nìhnghah Wùihjuhk Jihjihkēui</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Ning4haa6 Wui4zuk6 Zi6zi6keoi1</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[nɪŋ˩.ha˨ wuj˩.tsʊk̚˨ tsi˨.tsi˨.kʰɵɥ˥]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Teochew dialect">Teochew</a> <a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Teochew" title="Guangdong Romanization">Peng'im</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Lêng-hiā Huê-tsôk Tsĕu-tī-khu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> <a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">BUC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Dong Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="cdo-Latn">Nìng-hâ Huòi-cŭk Cê̤ṳ-dê-kṳ̆</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ningxia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> officially the <b>Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">autonomous region</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_China" title="Northwestern China">Northwestern China</a>. Formerly a <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">province</a>, Ningxia was incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a> in 1954 but was later separated from Gansu in 1958 and reconstituted as an autonomous region for the <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui people</a>, one of the 56 officially recognised <a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China" title="List of ethnic groups in China">nationalities of China</a>. Twenty percent of China's Hui population lives in Ningxia.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ningxia is bounded by <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a> to the south and west and <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region</a> to the north and has an area of around 66,400 square kilometres (25,600 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-area_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-area-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This sparsely settled, mostly desert region lies partially on the <a href="/wiki/Loess_Plateau" title="Loess Plateau">Loess Plateau</a> and in the vast plain of the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a> and features the <a href="/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China" title="Great Wall of China">Great Wall of China</a> along its northeastern boundary. Over about 2000 years, an extensive system of <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canals</a> (with a total length of approximately 1397 kilometers)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has been built from <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a>. Extensive <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">land reclamation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> projects have made increased cultivation possible. The arid region of <a href="/wiki/Xihaigu" title="Xihaigu">Xihaigu</a>, which covers large parts of the province, suffers from severe <a href="/wiki/Water_scarcity" title="Water scarcity">water shortage</a>, which the canals were intended to alleviate.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ningxia was the core area of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia" title="Western Xia">Western Xia</a> in the 11th–13th centuries, established by the Tangut people; its name, "Peaceful Xia", derived from the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia" title="Mongol conquest of Western Xia">Mongol conquest of the state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tanguts made significant achievements in literature, art, music, and architecture, particularly invented <a href="/wiki/Tangut_script" title="Tangut script">Tangut script</a>. Long one of the country's poorest areas, a small winemaking industry has become economically important since the 1980s. Before the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a>, Ningxia's 6.8 million people, 36 per cent of whom are Muslims from the <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a> ethnic group, relied largely on <a href="/wiki/Grazing" title="Grazing">animal grazing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subsistence_agriculture" title="Subsistence agriculture">subsistence agriculture</a> and the cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Goji" title="Goji">wolfberries</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine" title="Traditional Chinese medicine">traditional Chinese medicine</a>. Since then, winemaking has become the premier specialty of Ningxia, and the province devotes almost 40,000 hectares to vineyards and producing 120 million bottles of wine in 2017 – a quarter of the entire nation's production.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The earliest human activity in Ningxia can be traced back to 30,000 years ago, with remains of the <a href="/wiki/Shuidonggou" title="Shuidonggou">Shuidonggou Culture</a> found in <a href="/wiki/Lingwu" title="Lingwu">Lingwu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:108_Dagobas.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/108_Dagobas.JPG/220px-108_Dagobas.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/108_Dagobas.JPG/330px-108_Dagobas.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/108_Dagobas.JPG/440px-108_Dagobas.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/One_Hundred_and_Eight_Stupas" title="One Hundred and Eight Stupas">108 stupas</a> near <a href="/wiki/Qingtongxia" title="Qingtongxia">Qingtongxia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a frontier zone between nomadic pastoralists and sedentary farmers, Ningxia was a frequent seat of war and incursions by non-Chinese tribes. Ningxia and its surrounding areas were incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">Qin</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Beidi_Commandery" title="Beidi Commandery">Beidi Commandery</a> as early as the 3rd century BC. To pacify the region, the imperial government established military colonies to reclaim land. In addition, horse pasturages were founded under the Imperial Stud to safeguard the supply of army horses, as early as the Western <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> (206 BC – AD 9).<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2000_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2000-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> there were several large cities established in the region. The <a href="/wiki/Liang_Province_rebellion" title="Liang Province rebellion">Liang Province rebellion</a> at the <a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Han_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="End of the Han Dynasty">end of the Han Dynasty</a> affected Ningxia. </p><p>By the 11th century the <a href="/wiki/Tangut_people" title="Tangut people">Tangut people</a> had established the <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Xia dynasty">Western Xia dynasty</a> on the outskirts of the then-<a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a>. Jews also lived in Ningxia, as evidenced by the fact that in 1489, after a major flood destroyed <a href="/wiki/Torah_scroll" title="Torah scroll">Torah scrolls</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a>, a replacement set was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Kaifeng_Jews" title="Kaifeng Jews">Kaifeng Jews</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a> and Ningxia <a href="/wiki/Jews_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews in China">Jewish communities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It then came under <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol</a> domination after <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> conquered <a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> in the early 13th century. Muslims from Central Asia also began moving into Ningxia from the west. By the late 17th century, Ningxia had become a weaving centre, producing many early Chinese carpets.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Muslim <a href="/wiki/Dungan_Revolt_(1862%E2%80%9377)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dungan Revolt (1862–77)">Dungan Revolt</a> of the 19th century affected Ningxia. </p><p>In 1914, Ningxia was merged with the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>. In 1928, it became a separate province. Between 1914 and 1928, the <a href="/wiki/Ma_clique" title="Ma clique">Ma clique</a> ruled the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>, Ningxia and Gansu; General <a href="/wiki/Ma_Hongkui" title="Ma Hongkui">Ma Hongkui</a> was the military governor of Ningxia and had absolute authority in the province. The <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conflict_in_Gansu_(1927%E2%80%9330)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conflict in Gansu (1927–30)">Muslim conflict in Gansu</a>, which lasted from 1927 to 1930, spilt over into Ningxia. In 1934, warlord and <a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Army" title="National Revolutionary Army">National Revolutionary Army</a> general <a href="/wiki/Sun_Dianying" title="Sun Dianying">Sun Dianying</a> <a href="/wiki/War_in_Ningxia_(1934)" title="War in Ningxia (1934)">attempted to conquer</a> the province, but was defeated by an alliance led by the <a href="/wiki/Ma_clique" title="Ma clique">Ma clique</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELin201137–39_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELin201137–39-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1950 to 1958, a <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang_Islamic_insurgency_in_China_(1950%E2%80%931958)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuomintang Islamic insurgency in China (1950–1958)">Kuomintang Islamic insurgency</a> resulted in fighting throughout Northwest China, including Ningxia. In 1954, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese government">Chinese government</a> merged Ningxia with Gansu, but in 1958 Ningxia formally became an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_region_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous region of China">autonomous region of China</a>. In 1969, Ningxia received a part of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, but this area was returned in 1979. </p><p>A number of Chinese artifacts dating from the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a>, some of which had been owned by <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Zhenzong" title="Emperor Zhenzong">Emperor Zhenzong</a>, were excavated and then came into the hands of Ma Hongkui, who refused to publicize the findings. Among the artifacts were a white marble tablet from the Tang dynasty, gold nails, and bands made out of metal. It was not until after Ma Hongkui died that his wife went to Taiwan in 1971 from America to bring the artifacts to <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>, who turned them over to the <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_Museum" title="National Palace Museum">National Palace Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helanshan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Helanshan.jpg/220px-Helanshan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Helanshan.jpg/330px-Helanshan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Helanshan.jpg/440px-Helanshan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>From a cable car running to the top of <a href="/wiki/Helan_Mountains" title="Helan Mountains">Helan Mountains</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Present-day Ningxia is one of the nation's smallest provincial-level units and borders the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region</a>. At 3556 meters above sea level, Aobaogeda (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">敖包疙瘩</span></span>) in the <a href="/wiki/Helan_Mountains" title="Helan Mountains">Helan Mountains</a> is the highest point in Ningxia.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ningxia is a relatively dry, desert-like region and features a diverse geography of forested mountains and hills, table lands, deserts, flood plains and basins cut through by the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a>. The Ningxia ecosystem is one of the least studied regions in the world. Significant <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> supports the growing of <a href="/wiki/Wolfberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfberry">wolfberries</a>, a commonly consumed <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a> throughout the region. Ningxia's deserts include the <a href="/wiki/Tengger_desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Tengger desert">Tengger desert</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shapotou" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapotou">Shapotou</a>. </p><p>The northern section, through which the Yellow River flows, supports the best agricultural land. A railroad, linking <a href="/wiki/Lanzhou" title="Lanzhou">Lanzhou</a> with <a href="/wiki/Baotou" title="Baotou">Baotou</a>, crosses the region. A highway has been built across the Yellow River at Yinchuan. </p><p>On 16 December 1920, the <a href="/wiki/1920_Haiyuan_earthquake" title="1920 Haiyuan earthquake">Haiyuan earthquake</a>, 8.6 magnitude, at <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ningxia&params=36.6_N_105.32_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°36′N</span> <span class="longitude">105°19′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.6°N 105.32°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">36.6; 105.32</span></span></span></a></span></span>, initiated a series of landslides that killed an estimated 200,000 people. Over 600 large <a href="/wiki/Loess" title="Loess">loess</a> landslides created more than 40 new lakes.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks collapsible"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:88%; line-height:200%;"><span style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal; padding-left:28px;">Part of a <a href="/wiki/Category:Islamism_templates" title="Category:Islamism templates">series</a> on</span><br /><span style="font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">Islam in China</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Xi%27an" title="Great Mosque of Xi'an"><img alt="Top of the Great Mosque of Xi'an" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg/210px-Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg/315px-Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg/420px-Xian_Great_Mosque_07_%285458567815%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_China" title="History of Islam in China">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="hlist"> <table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;margin-top:0.3em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"> By <a href="/wiki/Dynasties_of_China" title="Dynasties of China">dynasty</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Tang_dynasty" title="Islam during the Tang dynasty">Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Song_dynasty" title="Islam during the Song dynasty">Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Islam during the Yuan dynasty">Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Ming_dynasty" title="Islam during the Ming dynasty">Ming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Qing_dynasty" title="Islam during the Qing dynasty">Qing</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"> Rebellions and revolts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jahriyya_revolt" title="Jahriyya revolt">Jahriyya revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panthay_Rebellion" title="Panthay Rebellion">Panthay Rebellion <span style="font-size:85%;">(1856–1873)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungan_Revolt_(1862%E2%80%931877)" title="Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)">First Dungan Revolt <span style="font-size:85%;">(1862–1877)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungan_Revolt_(1895%E2%80%931896)" title="Dungan Revolt (1895–1896)">Second Dungan Revolt <span style="font-size:85%;">(1895–1896)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afaqi_Khoja_revolts" title="Afaqi Khoja revolts">Afaqi Khoja revolts</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"> Post-dynastic China</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China_(1912%E2%80%93present)" title="Islam in China (1912–present)">1912–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Muslims_in_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Chinese Muslims in the Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics" title="Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics">Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_China" title="Islamophobia in China">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_to_Xinjiang" title="Migration to Xinjiang">Migration to Xinjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">Persecution of Uyghurs in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_internment_camps" title="Xinjiang internment camps">Xinjiang internment camps</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afaq_Khoja" title="Afaq Khoja">Afaq Khoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Wenxiu" title="Du Wenxiu">Du Wenxiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Dahai" title="Hu Dahai">Hu Dahai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Songshan" title="Hu Songshan">Hu Songshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasim_Tuet" title="Kasim Tuet">Kasim Tuet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhi_(scholar)" title="Liu Zhi (scholar)">Liu Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Anliang" title="Ma Anliang">Ma Anliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Bufang" title="Ma Bufang">Ma Bufang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Buqing" title="Ma Buqing">Ma Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Fuxiang" title="Ma Fuxiang">Ma Fuxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Gui_(general)" title="Ma Gui (general)">Ma Gui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Hualong" title="Ma Hualong">Ma Hualong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Laichi" title="Ma Laichi">Ma Laichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Mingxin" title="Ma Mingxin">Ma Mingxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Qixi" title="Ma Qixi">Ma Qixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Wanfu" title="Ma Wanfu">Ma Wanfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Yize" title="Ma Yize">Ma Yize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Zhu" title="Ma Zhu">Ma Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajall_Shams_al-Din_Omar" title="Ajall Shams al-Din Omar">Shams al-Din</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_fei-erh" title="Su fei-erh">Su fei-erh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeheidie%27erding" title="Yeheidie'erding">Yeheidie'erding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Ma_Dexin" title="Yusuf Ma Dexin">Yusuf Ma Dexin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Daiyu" title="Wang Daiyu">Wang Daiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chengzhi" title="Zhang Chengzhi">Zhang Chengzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_He" title="Zheng He">Zheng He</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Culture</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_architecture" title="Chinese Islamic architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uyghur_cuisine" title="Uyghur cuisine">Uyghur</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Kitab" title="Han Kitab">Han Kitab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_China" title="List of mosques in China">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongbei_(Islamic_architecture)" title="Gongbei (Islamic architecture)">Shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sini_(script)" title="Sini (script)">Sini script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhuan" title="Menhuan">Sufi orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Arabic_alphabet" title="Uyghur Arabic alphabet">Uyghur Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Association_of_China" title="Islamic Association of China">Islamic Association of China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Cities</li><li>Regions</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hong_Kong" title="Islam in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashgar" title="Kashgar">Kashgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linxia_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Linxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Macau" title="Islam in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ningxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sichuan" title="Islam in Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xunhua_Salar_Autonomous_County" title="Xunhua Salar Autonomous County">Xunhua</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_China" title="Ahmadiyya in China">Ahmadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonan_people" title="Bonan people">Bonans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongxiang_people" title="Dongxiang people">Dongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ili_Turk_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ili Turk people">Ili Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhs_in_China" title="Kazakhs in China">Kazakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_in_China" title="Kyrgyz in China">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salar_people" title="Salar people">Salar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Tajiks" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Tajiks">Tajiks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Tatars" title="Chinese Tatars">Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Muslims" title="Tibetan Muslims">Tibetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsul" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsul">Utsul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks_in_China" title="Uzbeks in China">Uzbeks</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #21643d;padding-top:0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid #21643d;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/20px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a> • <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/17px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/26px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/34px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam_in_China" title="Template:Islam in China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam_in_China" title="Template talk:Islam in China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam_in_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam in China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grasslands">Grasslands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Grasslands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was reported that approximately 34 percent (33.85 million <a href="/wiki/Mu_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu (unit)">mu</a>; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7010226000000000000♠"></span>22,600 km<sup>2</sup></span>) of the region's total surface consisted of <a href="/wiki/Grasslands_of_China" title="Grasslands of China">grassland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This figure is down from approximately 40 percent in the 1990s. The grasslands are spread over the dry desert-steppe area in the northeast (which forms a part of the Inner Mongolian steppe region), and the hilly pastures located on the semi-arid Loess Plateau in the south.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2016_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is ascertained that the grasslands of Ningxia have been degraded to various degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientists debate the extent to which this degradation occurs over space and time.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historical research has also found limited evidence of expanding grassland degradation and <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">desertification</a> in Ningxia.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2000_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2000-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A major component of land management in Ningxia is a ban on open grazing, which has been in place since 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ecological and socio-economic effects of this Grazing Ban in relation to the grasslands and pastoralists' livelihood are contested.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2016_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ban stipulates that animal husbandry be limited to enclosed pens and no open grazing be permitted in certain time periods set by the Autonomous Region's People's Government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> Taole </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.2em;height:3.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:3.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−14</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.1em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.6em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.2em;height:4.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−4</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.38em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">19</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.2em;height:5.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">27</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">1</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">18</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10em;height:5.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.2em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.8em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">40</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.8em;height:5em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">70</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.8em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:16em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">48</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">38</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">17</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">58</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:3.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">30</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">11</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">18</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">24</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.8em;height:3.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−6</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.6em;height:2.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">−12</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-nasa_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.2em;height:3.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:3.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.1em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.6em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.2em;height:4.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.38em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.2em;height:5.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">81</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">34</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10em;height:5.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">97</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.8em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.8em;height:5em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">102</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.8em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:16em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">104</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.9</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:4.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">100</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">63</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:3.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">86</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">52</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">75</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.8em;height:3.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">0</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.6em;height:2.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The region is 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from the sea and has an arid <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> on the north to humid continental climate to the south, with average summer temperatures rising to 17 to 24 °C (63 to 75 °F) in July and average winter temperatures dropping to between −7 and −15 °C (19 and 5 °F) in January. Seasonal extreme temperatures can reach 39 °C (102 °F) in summer and −30 °C (−22 °F) in winter. The <a href="/wiki/Day" title="Day">diurnal</a> temperature variation can reach above 17 °C (31 °F), especially in spring. Annual rainfall averages from 190 to 700 millimetres (7.5 to 27.6 in), with more rain falling in the south of the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mineral_resources">Mineral resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mineral resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ningxia is rich in mineral resources with proven deposits of 34 kinds of minerals, much of which located in grassland areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2016_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011 it was estimated that the potential value per capita of these resources accounted for 163.5 percent of the nation's average. Ningxia boasts verified coal reserves of over 30 billion tons, with an estimated reserve of more than 202 billion tons, ranking sixth nationwide. Coal deposits are spread over one-third of the total surface of Ningxia, and mined in four major fields in the Helan and Xiangshan mountains, Ningdong and Yuanzhou (or Guyuan). The region's reserves of oil and natural gas can be found in Yanchi and Lingwu County, and are ideal for large-scale development of oil, natural gas and chemical industries. Ningxia leads China in gypsum deposits, with a proven reserve of more than 4.5 billion tons, of which the rarely found, top-grade gypsum accounts for half of the total deposits. The Hejiakouzi deposit in Tongxin County features a reserve of 20 million tons of gypsum with a total thickness of 100 meters. There is a considerable deposit of quartz sandstone, of which 17 million tons have been ascertained. In addition, there are phosphorus, flint, copper, iron, barite, other minerals and Helan stone – a special clay stone.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ningxia" title="Politics of Ningxia">Politics of Ningxia</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_provincial_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of provincial leaders of the People's Republic of China">List of provincial leaders of the People's Republic of China</a></div> <p>Like all <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_China" title="Politics of China">governing institutions in mainland China</a>, Ningxia has a parallel party-government system,<sup id="cite_ref-PoliticalSystem2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PoliticalSystem2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which the <a href="/wiki/Party_Secretary_of_Ningxia" title="Party Secretary of Ningxia">CCP Ningxia Regional Committee Secretary</a> outranks the <a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_Ningxia" title="Chairperson of Ningxia">Government Chairman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ningxia_Hui_Autonomous_Regional_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ningxia Hui Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP Ningxia Regional Committee</a> acts as the top policy-formulation body, and has control over the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Ningxia" title="List of administrative divisions of Ningxia">List of administrative divisions of Ningxia</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_township-level_divisions_of_Ningxia" title="List of township-level divisions of Ningxia">List of township-level divisions of Ningxia</a></div> <p>Ningxia is divided into five <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefecture-level division">prefecture-level divisions</a>: all <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">prefecture-level cities</a>: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9"><b>Administrative divisions of Ningxia</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9" style="font-size:larger"><div style="position: relative" class="center"> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 380px; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/380px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="588" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/570px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/760px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:193.79381443299px; top:152.61855670103px"><b><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:221.21649484536px; top:58.59793814433px"><b><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:232.96907216495px; top:274.0618556701px"><b><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:195.75257731959px; top:485.60824742268px"><b><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:107.60824742268px; top:336.74226804124px"><b><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></b></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_division_codes_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China">Division code</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Division </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Area in km<sup>2</sup><sup id="cite_ref-nj2013_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nj2013-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Population 2020<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Seat </th> <th scope="col" colspan="3">Divisions<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/District_(China)" title="District (China)">Districts</a> </th> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of the People's Republic of China">Counties</a> </th> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">CL cities</a> </th></tr> <tr style="font-weight: bold"> <th>640000</th> <th>Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region </th> <td>66,400.00</td> <td>7,202,654</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> city</td> <td>9</td> <td>11</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640100</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> city </th> <td>8,874.61</td> <td>2,859,074</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jinfeng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinfeng District">Jinfeng District</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>2</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640200</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a> city </th> <td>5,208.13</td> <td>751,389</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dawukou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawukou District">Dawukou District</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>1</td> <td bgcolor="grey"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>640300</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a> city </th> <td>21,420.14</td> <td>1,382,713</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Litong_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Litong District">Litong District</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>2</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640400</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a> city </th> <td>13,449.03</td> <td>1,142,142</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yuanzhou_District,_Guyuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuanzhou District, Guyuan">Yuanzhou District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td bgcolor="grey"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>640500</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a> city </th> <td>17,448.09</td> <td>1,067,336</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shapotou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapotou District">Shapotou District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td bgcolor="grey"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="text-font:90%; width:auto; text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Administrative divisions in Chinese and varieties of romanizations </th></tr> <tr> <th>English</th> <th>Chinese</th> <th>Pinyin</th> <th>Xiao'erjing </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region</b></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">宁夏回族自治区</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">نِئٍ‌ثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِ‌ٿِيُوِ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">银川市</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Yínchuān Shì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">ءٍچُوًا شِ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">石嘴山市</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Shízuǐshān Shì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">شِ‌ظُوِشًا شِ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">吴忠市</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Wúzhōng Shì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">وُجْو شِ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">固原市</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Gùyuán Shì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">قُ‌يُوًا شِ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中卫市</span></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngwèi Shì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">جْووِ شِ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The five prefecture-level cities of Ningxia are subdivided into 22 <a href="/wiki/County-level_division" class="mw-redirect" title="County-level division">county-level divisions</a> (9 <a href="/wiki/District_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="District of China">districts</a>, 2 <a href="/wiki/County-level_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="County-level cities">county-level cities</a>, and 11 <a href="/wiki/County_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (People's Republic of China)">counties</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_areas">Urban areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Urban areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities </th></tr> <tr> <th>#</th> <th>Cities</th> <th style="background-color: #aaaaff;">2020 Urban area<sup id="cite_ref-2020PRCcensus_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020PRCcensus-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th style="background-color: #aaaaff;">2010 Urban area<sup id="cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010PRCcensus-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th style="background-color: #ffaaaa;">2020 City proper </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></b></td> <td>1,230,650</td> <td>1,159,457</td> <td>2,859,074 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></td> <td>422,043</td> <td>403,901</td> <td>751,389 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></td> <td>400,677</td> <td>232,134</td> <td>1,382,713 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></td> <td>267,810</td> <td>130,155</td> <td>1,142,142 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></td> <td>249,307</td> <td>160,279</td> <td>1,067,336 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingwu" title="Lingwu">Lingwu</a></td> <td>200,920</td> <td>125,976</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Yinchuan</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qingtongxia" title="Qingtongxia">Qingtongxia</a></td> <td>142,349</td> <td>99,367</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Wuzhong</i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP">List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg/220px-Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg/330px-Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg/440px-Rich_Nature_Wolfberry_Farm1_7-06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wolfberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfberry">Wolfberry</a> harvest celebration.</figcaption></figure><p> Rural Ningxia was for long an officially designated poverty area, and remains on the lower rungs of the developmental ladder.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2016_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its nominal GDP in 2023 was 531.50 billion yuan (US$75.43 billion) and its per capita GDP 72,957 yuan (US$10,353). It comprises 0.42% of the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">national economy</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to other areas, Ningxia has seen a gradual decline of its peasant population due to rural–urban migration. Despite this, the great majority (62.8 percent) was still agricultural at the time of the survey.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Animal husbandry is important for the regional economy. In the main pastoral county, Yanchi, it is even the leading industry when specified for the primary sector. The dominant grazing animals are sheep and goat.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the (semi-)pastoral regions, herders engage in a mixed sedentary farming operation of dryland agriculture and extensive animal husbandry, while full nomadic pastoralism is no longer practiced.<sup id="cite_ref-Ho_2016_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ho_2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since a cattle breeding plan was implemented in 2002, the province has become one of China's main dairy production areas.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ningxia is the principal region of China where <a href="/wiki/Wolfberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfberry">wolfberries</a> are grown. Other specialties of Ningxia are <a href="/wiki/Licorice" class="mw-redirect" title="Licorice">licorice</a>, products made from Helan stone, <a href="/wiki/Fiddlehead" title="Fiddlehead">fiddlehead</a> and products made from <a href="/wiki/Sheepskin" title="Sheepskin">sheepskin</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ningxia_wines" class="mw-redirect" title="Ningxia wines">Ningxia wines</a> are a promising area of development. The Chinese authorities have given approval to the development of the eastern base of the <a href="/wiki/Helan_Mountains" title="Helan Mountains">Helan Mountains</a> as an area suitable for wine production. Several large Chinese wine companies including Changyu and Dynasty Wine have begun development in the western region of the province. Together they now own 20,000 acres of land for wine plantations and Dynasty has ploughed 100 million yuan into Ningxia. In addition, the major oil company <a href="/wiki/China_Petroleum_and_Chemical_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation">China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation</a> has founded a grape plantation near the Helan Mountains. The household appliance company <a href="/wiki/Midea_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Midea (company)">Midea</a> has also begun participating in Ningxia's wine industry.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vineyards have been set up in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industries_and_economic_zones">Industries and economic zones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Industries and economic zones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ningxia was a major recipient of China's investment in industrial capacity during the <a href="/wiki/Third_Front_(China)" title="Third Front (China)">Third Front</a> campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 298">: 298 </span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> <a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic and Technological Development Zones">Economic and Technological Development Zone</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was established in 1992. Spanning 32 km<sup>2</sup> (12 sq mi), it has an annual economic output Rmb23.7 billion (25.1% up) (US$3.5 billion). Major investors are mainly local enterprises such as Kocel Steel Foundry, FAG Railway Bearing (Ningxia), Ningxia Little Giant Machine Tools, etc. Major industries include machinery and equipment manufacturing, new materials, fine chemicals and the animation industry. </p><p>Desheng Industrial Park (in <a href="/wiki/Helan_County" title="Helan County">Helan County</a>) is a base for about 400 enterprises. The industrial park has industrial chains from Muslim food and commodities to trade and logistics, new materials and bio-pharmaceuticals that has 80 billion yuan in fixed assets. Desheng is looking to be the most promising industrial park in the city. It achieved a total output value of 4.85 billion in 2008, up 40 percent year-on-year. The local government plans to cut taxes and other fees to reduce the burden on local enterprises. The industrial output value reached 2.68 billion yuan in 2008, an increase of 48 percent from a year earlier. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YinChuan_airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/220px-YinChuan_airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/330px-YinChuan_airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/440px-YinChuan_airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Yinchuan Hedong Airport</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan_Hedong_International_Airport" title="Yinchuan Hedong International Airport">Yinchuan Hedong International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei_Shapotou_Airport" title="Zhongwei Shapotou Airport">Zhongwei Shapotou Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyuan_Liupanshan_Airport" title="Guyuan Liupanshan Airport">Guyuan Liupanshan Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhai_Airport" title="Wuhai Airport">Wuhai Airport</a> (serves the northern area)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Highways">Highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_109" title="China National Highway 109">China National Highway 109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_110" title="China National Highway 110">China National Highway 110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_211" title="China National Highway 211">China National Highway 211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_307" title="China National Highway 307">China National Highway 307</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_309" title="China National Highway 309">China National Highway 309</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_312" title="China National Highway 312">China National Highway 312</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bridge">Bridge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bridge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taole_Yellow_River_Expressway_Bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taole Yellow River Expressway Bridge (page does not exist)">Taole Yellow River Expressway Bridge</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陶乐黄河大桥</span></span>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baotou%E2%80%93Lanzhou_railway" title="Baotou–Lanzhou railway">Baotou–Lanzhou railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoji%E2%80%93Zhongwei_railway" title="Baoji–Zhongwei railway">Baoji–Zhongwei railway</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">宝中铁路</span></span>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Ningxia" title="List of universities and colleges in Ningxia">List of universities and colleges in Ningxia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1912<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">303,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1928<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,450,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+378.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1936–37<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">978,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−32.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1947<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">759,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−22.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1982<sup id="cite_ref-census1982_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1982-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">3,895,578</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+413.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990<sup id="cite_ref-census1990_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1990-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,655,451</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000<sup id="cite_ref-census2000_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2000-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,486,393</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010<sup id="cite_ref-census2010_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2010-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">6,301,350</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,202,654</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Ningxia Province/AR was part of Gansu 1914–1929 and 1954–1958<br />In 1947 parts of Ningxia Province/AR were incorporated into Inner Mongolia AR.</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1279587269">.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:none;position:relative;width:100px;height:100px;border-radius:50%;background-color:yellowgreen;color:black;border:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie div{position:absolute;transform-origin:left bottom;background-color:#655;color:black;top:0;left:50%;width:50%;height:50%;border-radius:0 500%0 0}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie50{transform-origin:left center;height:100%;border-radius:0 100%100%0/50%}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie12-5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,100%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,32.49197%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie7{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,47.056428%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie1{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,6.2914667%0%,0 100%)}@supports(clip-path:circle(50%)){.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:1em;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend{list-style-type:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.5em;margin:0;margin-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>span{display:block;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>.l-color{border:1px solid var(--color-base,black);width:.8em;height:.8em;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-container{padding:.5em;padding-bottom:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-caption{margin-bottom:1em;font-size:94%}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{flex-direction:column-reverse}@media screen and (min-width:641px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{width:min-content}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{break-inside:avoid-page}}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-container{align-items:center}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend-container{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(190px,1fr));gap:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-footer{margin-top:.5em}}</style> <div class="pie-thumb thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="smooth-pie-container" style=""> <div class="smooth-pie-legend-container"><div class="smooth-pie-caption">Religion in Ningxia (around 2010)</div> <ol class="smooth-pie-legend"> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:Honeydew;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label">Others (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese religions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">not religious</a>) (64.83%)</span></li> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:Green;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a><sup id="cite_ref-2010-Islam_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010-Islam-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (34%)</span></li> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:DodgerBlue;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label">Christianity<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1.17%)</span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="smooth-pie" style="width:200px;height:200px;background:DodgerBlue;color:#000;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;" title="Christianity'"`UNIQ--ref-00000075-QINU`"' (1.17%)" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pie50" style="background:Honeydew;color:#000" title="Others (Chinese religions, Buddhism, or not religious) (64.83%)"></div> <div class="pie50" style="background:Honeydew;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.148turn)" title="Others (Chinese religions, Buddhism, or not religious) (64.83%)"></div> <div class="pie25" style="background:Green;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.648turn)" title="Islam'"`UNIQ--ref-00000074-QINU`"' (34%)"></div> <div class="pie25" style="background:Green;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.738turn)" title="Islam'"`UNIQ--ref-00000074-QINU`"' (34%)"></div> </div> </div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is the single biggest religious tradition in Ningxia, adhered to by 34% of the population according to a 2010 survey.<sup id="cite_ref-2010-Islam_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010-Islam-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a> practise <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> was the religion of 1.17% of the province's population according to the Chinese General Social Survey of 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, there were 3,760 mosques in Ningxia, which is about one per 1730 residents.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hospitals">Hospitals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Hospitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>People's Hospital of Ningxia</li> <li>Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ningxia</li> <li>Ningxia Medical College Affiliated Hospital</li> <li>Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine</li> <li>Yinchuan People's Hospital</li> <li>Yinchuan Stomatological Hospital</li> <li>Yinchuan Women and Children's Healthcare Center</li> <li>Women and Children's Healthcare Center of Ningixa</li> <li>Yinchuan No.1 People's Hospital</li> <li>Yinchuan No.2 People's Hospital</li> <li>Yinchuan No.3 People's Hospital</li> <li>Shizuishan No.2 People's Hospital</li> <li>Guyuan Hospital of Ningxia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of Ningxia's main tourist spots is the internationally renowned <a href="/wiki/Xixia_Tombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Xixia Tombs">Xixia Tombs</a> site located 30 km (19 mi) west of <a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a>. The remnants of nine <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Xia Dynasty">Western Xia</a> emperors' tombs and two hundred other tombs lie within a 50 km<sup>2</sup> (19 sq mi) area. Other famous sites in Ningxia include the <a href="/wiki/Helan_Mountains" title="Helan Mountains">Helan Mountains</a>, the mysterious <a href="/wiki/One_Hundred_and_Eight_Stupas" title="One Hundred and Eight Stupas">108 stupas</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Twin_pagodas_of_Baisikou" title="Twin pagodas of Baisikou">twin pagodas of Baisikou</a> and the desert research outpost at <a href="/wiki/Shapotou,_Zhongwei" title="Shapotou, Zhongwei">Shapotou</a>. A less visited tourist spot in Ningxia is the <a href="/wiki/Xumishan_grottoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Xumishan grottoes">Mount Sumeru Grottoes</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">须弥山</span></span>), which is among the ten most famous grottoes in China.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Museums">Museums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ningxia_Museum" title="Ningxia Museum">Ningxia Museum</a>, opened in 1988</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia_Transportation_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ningxia Transportation Museum (page does not exist)">Ningxia Transportation Museum</a>, opened in August 2008</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_Yinchuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum of Contemporary Art Yinchuan (page does not exist)">Museum of Contemporary Art Yinchuan</a> (MOCA Yinchuan), opened on 8 August 2015.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Gao" title="Emma Gao">Emma Gao</a>, winemaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Jin_(physical_chemist)" title="Zhang Jin (physical chemist)">Zhang Jin</a>, physical chemist and nanotechnologist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yinchuan_aerial.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Yinchuan looking east from top of Chengtian Temple Pagoda."><img alt="View of Yinchuan looking east from top of Chengtian Temple Pagoda." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Yinchuan_aerial.JPG/120px-Yinchuan_aerial.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Yinchuan_aerial.JPG/180px-Yinchuan_aerial.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Yinchuan_aerial.JPG/240px-Yinchuan_aerial.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of <a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> looking east from top of <a href="/wiki/Chengtian_Temple_Pagoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chengtian Temple Pagoda">Chengtian Temple Pagoda</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yinchuan_square.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="People's Square in Yinchuan."><img alt="People's Square in Yinchuan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yinchuan_square.JPG/120px-Yinchuan_square.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yinchuan_square.JPG/180px-Yinchuan_square.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yinchuan_square.JPG/240px-Yinchuan_square.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">People's Square in Yinchuan.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yinchuan_fountain.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenix Tablet fountain in Yinchuan."><img alt="Phoenix Tablet fountain in Yinchuan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Yinchuan_fountain.JPG/120px-Yinchuan_fountain.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Yinchuan_fountain.JPG/250px-Yinchuan_fountain.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fenghuang" title="Fenghuang">Phoenix</a> Tablet fountain in Yinchuan.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tongxin_mosque.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tongxin Great Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in Ningxia and a famous cultural relic among the locals."><img alt="Tongxin Great Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in Ningxia and a famous cultural relic among the locals." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/120px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/180px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/240px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tongxin_Great_Mosque" title="Tongxin Great Mosque">Tongxin Great Mosque</a>, one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosques</a> in Ningxia and a famous cultural relic among the locals.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A tomb of the Western Xia"><img alt="A tomb of the Western Xia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg/120px-XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg/180px-XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg/240px-XiXia_Tomb_3_F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A tomb of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia" title="Western Xia">Western Xia</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_national_historical_and_cultural_sites_(Ningxia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major national historical and cultural sites (Ningxia)">Major national historical and cultural sites in Ningxia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>/</a></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span lang="zh-Hans">宁夏</span>, Mandarin: <span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[nǐŋ.ɕjâ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">alternately romanized</a> as <b>Ninghsia</b></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-area-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-area_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-area_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095241/http://www.nxtj.gov.cn/nxtjjxbww/tjsj/ndsj/2014/html/1/1-1%E8%A1%A8.htm">"Administrative Divisions (2013)"</a>. <i>Ningxia Statistical Yearbook 2014</i>. Statistical Bureau of Ningxia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nxtj.gov.cn/nxtjjxbww/tjsj/ndsj/2014/html/1/1-1%E8%A1%A8.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ningxia+Statistical+Yearbook+2014&rft.atitle=Administrative+Divisions+%282013%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nxtj.gov.cn%2Fnxtjjxbww%2Ftjsj%2Fndsj%2F2014%2Fhtml%2F1%2F1-1%25E8%25A1%25A8.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202105/t20210510_1817188.html">"Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. 11 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+Seventh+National+Population+Census+%28No.+3%29&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft.date=2021-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2FPressRelease%2F202105%2Ft20210510_1817188.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GDPdata-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GDPdata_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103">"National Data"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">China NBS</a>. March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Data&rft.pub=China+NBS&rft.date=2024-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2Feasyquery.htm%3Fcn%3DE0103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span> see also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tj.nx.gov.cn/tjsj_htr/tjgb_htr/202404/t20240429_4526210.html">"zh: 2023年宁夏回族自治区国民经济和社会发展统计公报"</a>. ningxia.gov.cn. 29 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=zh%3A+2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=ningxia.gov.cn&rft.date=2024-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftj.nx.gov.cn%2Ftjsj_htr%2Ftjgb_htr%2F202404%2Ft20240429_4526210.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span> The average exchange rate of 2023 was CNY 7.0467 to 1 USD dollar <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202402/t20240228_1947918.html">"Statistical communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2023 national economic and social development"</a> (Press release). China NBS. 29 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistical+communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China+on+the+2023+national+economic+and+social+development&rft.pub=China+NBS&rft.date=2024-02-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2FPressRelease%2F202402%2Ft20240228_1947918.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHDI-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SHDI_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/CHN/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0">"Human Development Indices (8.0)- China"</a>. <i>Global Data Lab</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Data+Lab&rft.atitle=Human+Development+Indices+%288.0%29-+China&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Ftable%2Fshdi%2FCHN%2F%3Flevels%3D1%2B4%26years%3D2022%26interpolation%3D0%26extrapolation%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518060013/https://www.lexico.com/definition/Ningxia">"Ningxia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Ningxia">the original</a> on 18 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ningxia&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FNingxia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/Ningxia">"Ningxia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com Unabridged</a></i> (Online). n.d.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ningxia&rft.btitle=Dictionary.com+Unabridged&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2FNingxia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/china/21708274-choosing-assimilation-chinas-hui-have-become-one-worlds-most-successful-muslim">"By Choosing Assimilation, China's Hui Have Become One of the World's Most Successful Muslim Minorities"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. 8 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Beijing: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6660-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6660-2"><bdi>978-7-5037-6660-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zh%C5%8Dnggu%C3%B3+2010+r%C3%A9nk%C7%92u+p%C7%94ch%C3%A1+f%C4%93n+xi%C4%81ng%2C+zh%C3%A8n%2C+ji%C4%93d%C3%A0o+z%C4%ABli%C3%A0o+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD2010%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E4%B9%A1%E3%80%81%E9%95%87%E3%80%81%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99&rft.place=Beijing&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-6660-2&rft.au=Census+Office+of+the+State+Council+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.au=Population+and+Employment+Statistics+Division+of+the+National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhonghua_renmin_gongheguo_minzhengbu2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Ministry of Civil Affairs">Zhonghua renmin gongheguo minzhengbu</a> (2014). <i>Zhōngguó mínzhèng tǒngjì niánjiàn 2014</i> <bdi lang="zh">中国民政统计年鉴2014</bdi> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">Zhongguo tongji chuban she</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-7130-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-7130-9"><bdi>978-7-5037-7130-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zh%C5%8Dnggu%C3%B3+m%C3%ADnzh%C3%A8ng+t%C7%92ngj%C3%AC+ni%C3%A1nji%C3%A0n+2014+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B42014&rft.pub=Zhongguo+tongji+chuban+she&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-7130-9&rft.au=Zhonghua+renmin+gongheguo+minzhengbu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020PRCcensus-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2020PRCcensus_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编2022" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2022). <bdi lang="zh">中国2020年人口普查分县资料</bdi>. Beijing: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-9772-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-9772-9"><bdi>978-7-5037-9772-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD2020%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E5%8E%BF%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-9772-9&rft.au=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4%E3%80%81%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%8F%B8%E7%BC%96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010PRCcensus-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2012). <bdi lang="zh">中国2010年人口普查分县资料</bdi>. Beijing: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6659-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6659-6"><bdi>978-7-5037-6659-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD2010%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E5%8E%BF%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-6659-6&rft.au=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4%E3%80%81%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%8F%B8%E7%BC%96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ningxia Bureau of Statistics 2013, 4.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ningxia Bureau of Statistics 2013, 11.20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regional.chinadaily.com.cn/en/2022-01/21/c_742792.htm">"Ningxia dairies see success in quantity, quality"</a>. <i>regional.chinadaily.com.cn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=regional.chinadaily.com.cn&rft.atitle=Ningxia+dairies+see+success+in+quantity%2C+quality&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregional.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fen%2F2022-01%2F21%2Fc_742792.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bastillepost.com/global/article/4000510-ningxias-dairies-achieve-high-quality-development-with-smart-factories-advanced-breeding-techniques">"Ningxia's dairies achieve high-quality development with smart factories, advanced breeding techniques"</a>. <i>www.bastillepost.com</i>. 16 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bastillepost.com&rft.atitle=Ningxia%27s+dairies+achieve+high-quality+development+with+smart+factories%2C+advanced+breeding+techniques&rft.date=2024-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bastillepost.com%2Fglobal%2Farticle%2F4000510-ningxias-dairies-achieve-high-quality-development-with-smart-factories-advanced-breeding-techniques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1102&MainCatID=11&id=20111215000020">"Grape expansion: Chinese wine companies move west"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150731231303/http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1102&MainCatID=11&id=20111215000020">Archived</a> 31 July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Want China Times</i>, 15 December 2011. Retrieved 17 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2016" class="citation news cs1">Phillips, Tom (14 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jun/14/china-bordeaux-wine-region-desert-ningxia-vineyards-gold-rush">"China's Bordeaux: winemakers in 'gold rush' to turn desert into vineyards"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Helan county, Ningxia province.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=China%27s+Bordeaux%3A+winemakers+in+%27gold+rush%27+to+turn+desert+into+vineyards&rft.date=2016-06-14&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fjun%2F14%2Fchina-bordeaux-wine-region-desert-ningxia-vineyards-gold-rush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLan2024" class="citation book cs1">Lan, Xiaohuan (2024). <i>How China Works: An Introduction to China's State-led Economic Development</i>. Translated by Topp, Gary. <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-981-97-0080-6">10.1007/978-981-97-0080-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-97-0079-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-97-0079-0"><bdi>978-981-97-0079-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+China+Works%3A+An+Introduction+to+China%27s+State-led+Economic+Development&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-981-97-0080-6&rft.isbn=978-981-97-0079-0&rft.aulast=Lan&rft.aufirst=Xiaohuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ycda.gov.cn"><bdi lang="zh">欢迎访问银川经济技术开发区网站</bdi></a>. Ycda.gov.cn. 24 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%AC%A2%E8%BF%8E%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%8C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&rft.pub=Ycda.gov.cn&rft.date=2015-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ycda.gov.cn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo2.html"><bdi lang="ja">1912年中国人口</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1912%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo3.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1928年中国人口</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1928%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo4.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1936–37年中国人口</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1936%E2%80%9337%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo5.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1947年全国人口</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1947%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1982-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1982_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510075429/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm">the original</a> on 10 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E5%85%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16769.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1990-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1990_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619002216/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm">the original</a> on 19 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%9D%E3%80%87%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16772.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2000-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2000_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120829052024/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm"><bdi lang="zh">现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm">the original</a> on 29 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%8E%B0%E5%B0%862000%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E5%A6%82%E4%B8%8B&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020331_15435.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2010-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2010_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021210/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">"Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">the original</a> on 27 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+People%27s+Republic+of+China+on+Major+Figures+of+the+2010+Population+Census&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2Fnewsandcomingevents%2Ft20110429_402722516.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/china-society-census-takeaways-idUSL4N2MY2I6">"Key Takeaways from China's 2020 Population Census"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 11 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Key+Takeaways+from+China%27s+2020+Population+Census&rft.date=2021-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fchina-society-census-takeaways-idUSL4N2MY2I6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010-Islam-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2010-Islam_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-Islam_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Min Junqing. <i>The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China</i>. JISMOR, 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf">2010 Islam by province, page 29</a>. Data from: Yang Zongde, <i>Study on Current Muslim Population in China</i>, Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wang2015-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">China General Social Survey 2004. Report by: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWang2015" class="citation thesis cs1">Wang, Xiuhua (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1"><i>Explaining Christianity in China: Why a Foreign Religion has Taken Root in Unfertile Ground</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Master's thesis). Baylor University. p. 15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Explaining+Christianity+in+China%3A+Why+a+Foreign+Religion+has+Taken+Root+in+Unfertile+Ground&rft.degree=Master%27s&rft.inst=Baylor+University&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Xiuhua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbaylor-ir.tdl.org%2Fbaylor-ir%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F2104%2F9326%2FWANG-THESIS-2015.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sohu.com/20080509/n256759631.shtml">"Níngxià měi 577 míng mùsīlín yǒngyǒu yīzuò qīngzhēnsì-sōuhú xīnwén" <bdi lang="zh">宁夏每577名穆斯林拥有一座清真寺-搜狐新闻</bdi></a>. <i>news.sohu.com</i> (in Chinese). 9 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.sohu.com&rft.atitle=N%C3%ADngxi%C3%A0+m%C4%9Bi+577+m%C3%ADng+m%C3%B9s%C4%ABl%C3%ADn+y%C7%92ngy%C7%92u+y%C4%ABzu%C3%B2+q%C4%ABngzh%C4%93ns%C3%AC-s%C5%8Duh%C3%BA+x%C4%ABnw%C3%A9n+%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%AF%8F577%E5%90%8D%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E6%8B%A5%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA-%E6%90%9C%E7%8B%90%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&rft.date=2008-05-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sohu.com%2F20080509%2Fn256759631.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/ningxia/guyuan/">"Guyuan Travel Guide: Map, Location, Climate, Attractions"</a>. <i>travelchinaguide.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=travelchinaguide.com&rft.atitle=Guyuan+Travel+Guide%3A+Map%2C+Location%2C+Climate%2C+Attractions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelchinaguide.com%2Fcityguides%2Fningxia%2Fguyuan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLin2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lin_Hsiao-ting" class="mw-redirect" title="Lin Hsiao-ting">Lin, Hsiao-ting</a> (2011). <i>Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West</i>. <a href="/wiki/Abingdon-on-Thames" title="Abingdon-on-Thames">Abingdon-on-Thames</a>: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+China%27s+Ethnic+Frontiers%3A+A+Journey+to+the+West&rft.place=Abingdon-on-Thames&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Hsiao-ting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANingxia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Ningxia</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Ningxia" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Ningxia">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="extiw" title="c:宁夏">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pinyin/Ningxia" class="extiw" title="b:Pinyin/Ningxia">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" 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Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nx.gov.cn/">Ningxia Provincial Government</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120415041859/http://www.nx.gov.cn/">Archived</a> 15 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/">Ningxia</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.hktdc.com/mktprof/china/ningxia.htm">Economic profile for Ningxia</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Trade_Development_Council" title="Hong Kong Trade Development Council">HKTDC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/database/chinadata/ningxia.htm">Ningxia Profile – UNESCAP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140116080639/http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/database/chinadata/ningxia.htm">Archived</a> 16 January 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080316063206/http://www1.cei.gov.cn/ce/region/Ningxia/Ningxia.htm">Ningxia Profile – China Economic Information Network</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Ningxia26" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Ningxia26" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Ningxia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Ningxia</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ningxia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ningxia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ningxia_topics527" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ningxia</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_and_former_capitals_of_subnational_entities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current and former capitals of subnational entities of China">capital</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ningxia" title="Category:Ningxia">General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ningxia" title="Politics of Ningxia">Politics</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Economy">Economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Ningxia" title="Category:Geography of Ningxia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Ningxia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in the People's Republic of China">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengger_Desert" title="Tengger Desert">Tengger Desert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Ningxia" title="List of universities and colleges in Ningxia">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ningxia_University" title="Ningxia University">Ningxia University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Ningxia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Ningxia">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese Islamic cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visitor attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Xia_mausoleums" title="Western Xia mausoleums">Western Xia mausoleums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Ningxia" title="Category:Ningxia">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ningxia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ningxia">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County-level_divisions_of_Ningxia_Hui_Autonomous_Region313" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ningxia" title="Template:Ningxia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ningxia" title="Template talk:Ningxia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ningxia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ningxia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County-level_divisions_of_Ningxia_Hui_Autonomous_Region313" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Ningxia" title="List of administrative divisions of Ningxia">County-level divisions</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ningxia</a> <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous Region</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_and_former_capitals_of_subnational_entities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current and former capitals of subnational entities of China">capital</a>)</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xingqing_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xingqing District">Xingqing District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinfeng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinfeng District">Jinfeng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xixia_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xixia District">Xixia District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingwu" title="Lingwu">Lingwu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongning_County" title="Yongning County">Yongning County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helan_County" title="Helan County">Helan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dawukou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawukou District">Dawukou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huinong_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huinong District">Huinong District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingluo_County" title="Pingluo County">Pingluo County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litong_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Litong District">Litong District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongsibu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hongsibu District">Hongsibu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingtongxia" title="Qingtongxia">Qingtongxia</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanchi_County" title="Yanchi County">Yanchi County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongxin_County" title="Tongxin County">Tongxin County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuanzhou_District,_Guyuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuanzhou District, Guyuan">Yuanzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiji_County" title="Xiji County">Xiji County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longde_County" title="Longde County">Longde County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingyuan_County,_Ningxia" title="Jingyuan County, Ningxia">Jingyuan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengyang_County" title="Pengyang County">Pengyang County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shapotou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapotou District">Shapotou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongning_County" title="Zhongning County">Zhongning County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiyuan_County" title="Haiyuan County">Haiyuan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial-level_divisions_of_China602" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Template:Province-level divisions of China"><abbr title="View this 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<li><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_blank_province_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/150px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/225px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/300px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ningxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipality" title="Direct-administered municipality">Direct-administered municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Disputed province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:80%;"><div><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">claimed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> but administered by the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">political status of Taiwan</a>).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hui-designated_autonomous_areas_in_China1299" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hui_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Hui autonomy in the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hui_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template talk:Hui autonomy in the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hui_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hui autonomy in the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hui-designated_autonomous_areas_in_China1299" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui-designated</a> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_China" title="Autonomous administrative divisions of China">autonomous areas</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ningxia_Hui_A.R.28" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ningxia Hui A.R.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_prefecture" title="Autonomous prefecture">Prefectures</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_county" title="Autonomous county">counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linxia_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Linxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiachuan_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County">Zhangjiachuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changji_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Changji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanqi_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Yanqi Hui Autonomous County">Yanqi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Datong_Hui_and_Tu_Autonomous_County" title="Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County">Datong</a> <small>(Hui and <a href="/wiki/Monguor_people" title="Monguor people">Tu</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualong_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Hualong Hui Autonomous County">Hualong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menyuan_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Menyuan Hui Autonomous County">Menyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minhe_Hui_and_Tu_Autonomous_County" title="Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County">Minhe</a> <small>(Hui and Tu)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dachang_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Dachang Hui Autonomous County">Dachang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengcun_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Mengcun Hui Autonomous County">Mengcun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">other provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weining_Yi,_Hui,_and_Miao_Autonomous_County" title="Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County">Weining</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Yi_people" title="Yi people">Yi</a>, Hui, and <a href="/wiki/Miao_people" title="Miao people">Miao</a>)</small> (in <a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weishan_Yi_and_Hui_Autonomous_County" title="Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County">Weishan</a> <small>(Yi and Hui)</small> and <a href="/wiki/Xundian" class="mw-redirect" title="Xundian">Xundian</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/District_(China)" title="District (China)">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guancheng_Hui_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Guancheng Hui District">Guancheng</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanhe_Hui_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Chanhe Hui District">Chanhe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunhe_Hui_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shunhe Hui District">Shunhe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">in <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huimin_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huimin District">Huiminqu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hohhot" title="Hohhot">Hohhot</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Ethnic minority autonomous areas</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Dong_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Dong autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Dong</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hui_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Hui autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Hui</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Korean_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Korean autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Korean</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Manchu_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Manchu autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Manchu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Miao_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Miao autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Miao</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mongol_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Mongol autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Mongol</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Tibetan_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Tibetan autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Tibetan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Tujia_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Tujia autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Tujia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Xinjiang" title="Template:Xinjiang">Uyghur</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Yao_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Yao autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Yao</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Yi_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Yi autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Yi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Zhuang_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Zhuang autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Zhuang</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Other_ethnic_minorities_autonomy_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Other ethnic minorities autonomy in the People's Republic of China">Others</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata857" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata857" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094074">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094074">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00915722">Japan</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ningxia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/df146381-8c0e-4f40-b201-83555fa4753d">MusicBrainz area</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&oldid=1281059943">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ningxia&oldid=1281059943</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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