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<li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000-present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000-present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>2000-present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000-present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_Broadcasting_Advisory_Board" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Broadcasting_Advisory_Board"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>International Broadcasting Advisory Board</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Broadcasting_Advisory_Board-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_board_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_board_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Current board members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_board_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_board_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_board_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Past board members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_board_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outlets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outlets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Outlets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outlets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A" title="الوكالة الأمريكية للإعلام العالمي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الوكالة الأمريكية للإعلام العالمي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Agency_for_Global_Media" title="United States Agency for Global Media – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="United States Agency for Global Media" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agencia_de_Estados_Unidos_para_los_Medios_Globales" title="Agencia de Estados Unidos para los Medios Globales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Agencia de Estados Unidos para los Medios Globales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87" title="سازمان رسانه‌های جهانی ایالات متحده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان رسانه‌های جهانی ایالات متحده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media" title="U.S. Agency for Global Media – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="U.S. Agency for Global Media" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media" title="U.S. Agency for Global Media – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="U.S. Agency for Global Media" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcasting_Board_of_Governors" title="Broadcasting Board of Governors – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Broadcasting Board of Governors" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media" title="U.S. Agency for Global Media – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="U.S. Agency for Global Media" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Агентство США по глобальным медиа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Агентство США по глобальным медиа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media" title="U.S. Agency for Global Media – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="U.S. Agency for Global Media" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_%D0%B7_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0" title="Агентство США з глобальних медіа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Агентство США з глобальних медіа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E7%BD%B2" title="美国国际媒体署 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美国国际媒体署" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&params=38_53_14.4_N_77_1_2.0_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′14.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°1′2.0″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.887333°N 77.017222°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.887333; -77.017222</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadcasting_Board_of_Governors&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcasting Board of Governors">Broadcasting Board of Governors</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Agency of the United States government</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Broadcasting Board of Governors" redirects here. For the similarly named organization in Canada, see <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Broadcast_Governors" title="Board of Broadcast Governors">Board of Broadcast Governors</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">U.S. Agency for Global Media</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Logo of the U.S. Agency for Global Media" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg/220px-Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg/330px-Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg/440px-Logo_of_the_U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="181" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1, 1999<span class="noprint">; 25 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999-10-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Information_Agency" title="United States Information Agency">United States Information Agency</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Office of Affiliate Relations and Media Training</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_J._Cohen_Federal_Building" title="Wilbur J. Cohen Federal Building">Wilbur J. Cohen Federal Building</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$810 million (<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">FY</a> 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Bennett" title="Amanda Bennett">Amanda Bennett</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, CEO</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kelu_Chao" title="Kelu Chao">Kelu Chao</a>, Deputy Director</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usagm.gov">www<wbr />.usagm<wbr />.gov</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922454#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>United States Agency for Global Media</b> (<b>USAGM</b>), known until 2018 as the <b>Broadcasting Board of Governors</b> (<b>BBG</b>),<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Independent_agency_of_the_United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent agency of the United States government">independent agency of the United States government</a> that broadcasts news and information.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atlanticSerhan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlanticSerhan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered an arm of <a href="/wiki/U.S._diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. diplomacy">U.S. diplomacy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The USAGM supervises <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a> (VOA) and <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Cuba_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Cuba Broadcasting">Office of Cuba Broadcasting</a> as well as state-funded<sup id="cite_ref-atlanticSerhan_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlanticSerhan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Broadcasting_Networks" title="Middle East Broadcasting Networks">Middle East Broadcasting Networks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open_Technology_Fund" title="Open Technology Fund">Open Technology Fund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) was formed in 1994 with the passing of the <a href="/wiki/International_Broadcasting_Act" title="International Broadcasting Act">International Broadcasting Act</a>. The act established a bipartisan board that consisted of nine voting members, eight of whom were to be appointed by the president for a three–year term. The ninth was the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state" title="Secretary of state">secretary of state</a>, also a political appointee, who would serve as an <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a></i> board member for the duration of their term as secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this point, BBG was considered a part of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Information_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Information Agency">U.S. Information Agency</a>. </p><p>The first voting members of the BBG, confirmed on August 11, 1995, were David W. Burke, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kaufman" title="Ted Kaufman">Ted Kaufman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_C._Korologos" title="Tom C. Korologos">Tom C. Korologos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bette_Bao_Lord" title="Bette Bao Lord">Bette Bao Lord</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_J._Mora" title="Alberto J. Mora">Alberto J. Mora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Halpern" title="Cheryl Halpern">Cheryl Halpern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Nathanson" class="mw-redirect" title="Marc Nathanson">Marc Nathanson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Spielvogel" title="Carl Spielvogel">Carl Spielvogel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 1, 1999, the BBG was established as an independent agency by the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Agency has five broadcasting entities that were established from 1942 - 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a> (VOA) has been in operation since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. <a href="/wiki/William_Harlan_Hale" title="William Harlan Hale">William Harlan Hale</a>, a journalist and writer, began the VOA's first radio show by saying "We bring you voices from America. Today, and daily from now on, we shall speak to you about America and the War. The news may be good for us. The news may be bad. But we shall tell you the truth."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Then, in 1950, <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a> (RFE/RL) went on the air. The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Cuba_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Cuba Broadcasting">Office of Cuba Broadcasting</a> (OCB) was started in 1985. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a> (RFA) was founded in 1996. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000-present">2000-present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2000-present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, BBG launched <a href="/wiki/Radio_Sawa" title="Radio Sawa">Radio Sawa</a>, a 24/7 Arabic language radio network that broadcasts news and a mix of Western and Arabic music in the Middle East.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, Alhurra TV was created as a televised sister network to Radio Sawa and began broadcasting throughout the Middle East. Since its founding, it has established programs such as <i>Al Youm</i> (<i>Today</i> in English), a daily three-hour news program broadcast from five countries on three different continents;<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Musawat</i> (<i>Equality</i> in English), a program that focuses on women's issues and rights in the Arab world.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To oversee Arabic broadcasts, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Broadcasting_Networks" title="Middle East Broadcasting Networks">Middle East Broadcasting Network</a>, Inc (MBN) was initiated in 2005. </p><p>Other networks were also expanded under the BBG. Voice of America worked with Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty to launch <a href="/wiki/Radio_Farda" title="Radio Farda">Radio Farda</a>, a Persian-language radio program targeting youth.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2006, VOA initiated TV Ashna, a one-hour televised news broadcast,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Radio Deewa, a daily radio program of sports, music, and local and international news.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a January 2015 interview with <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, the then newly appointed CEO of the BBG, Andrew Lack, said "We are facing a number of challenges from entities like <a href="/wiki/Russia_Today" class="mw-redirect" title="Russia Today">Russia Today</a> which is out there pushing a point of view, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State</a> in the Middle East and groups like <a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram" title="Boko Haram">Boko Haram</a>. But I firmly believe that this agency has a role to play in facing those challenges."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The board of USAGM has an advisory role. It previously supervised USAGM media networks directly, but was replaced with a single appointed chief executive officer (CEO) as part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2017" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017">National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017</a>, passed in December 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, the BBG changed its name to the U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name change was initiated to help constituents better understand what USAGM does.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Open_Technology_Fund" title="Open Technology Fund">Open Technology Fund</a> (OTF), launched in 2019, works to advance internet freedom, so USAGM journalists and audiences can have uncensored internet access. Over 2 billion people worldwide use OTF daily.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>State Department Spokeswoman <a href="/wiki/Jen_Psaki" title="Jen Psaki">Jen Psaki</a> clarified Lack's statement in her January 23 press briefing, saying "would the U.S. Government put those three in the same category? No, we wouldn't. However, there are concerns...that Russia's own independent media space is shrinking and the Kremlin continues to apply pressure on the few remaining outlets."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (July 2021)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On January 19, 2021, the nonprofit <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Project" title="Government Accountability Project">Government Accountability Project</a>, representing fired USAGM employees and whistleblowers, sent a letter to the congressional foreign affairs committees, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Office_of_Special_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Office of Special Counsel">U.S. Office of Special Counsel</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Inspector_General_of_the_Department_of_State" title="Inspector General of the Department of State">Inspector General of the US Department of State</a>. The letter said that Pack had hired the <a href="/wiki/McGuireWoods" title="McGuireWoods">McGuireWoods</a> law firm to investigate USAGM employees and the OTF at a cost of over $2 million in the last quarter of 2020, bypassing US government investigators including USAGM's own Office of Human Resources, and called for further investigation of what it termed a gross misuse of taxpayer dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Washington Post</i> later reported that a second law firm, Caplin & Drysdale, had also been granted a similar <a href="/wiki/No-bid_contract" class="mw-redirect" title="No-bid contract">no-bid contract</a> in possible violation of federal contracting regulations for a total cost of $4 million.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 20, 2021, journalist <a href="/wiki/Kelu_Chao" title="Kelu Chao">Kelu Chao</a> was appointed acting CEO of the USAGM, replacing outgoing CEO <a href="/wiki/Michael_Pack" title="Michael Pack">Michael Pack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2022, <a href="/wiki/Amanda_Bennett" title="Amanda Bennett">Amanda Bennett</a>, a journalist and Pulitzer Prize-winning author, received bipartisan confirmation by the U.S. Senate to become CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bennett was sworn in as CEO on December 6, 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-bennet_sworn_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bennet_sworn-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>USAGM is led by a single chief executive officer appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a>. Until 2016, it was headed by a bi-partisan board with nine members; eight were appointed by the president with Senate confirmation, and the ninth member <i>ex officio</i> was the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a>. By law, no more than four members could be from the same political party, in an effort to limit partisanship.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president designated one member (other than the Secretary of State) to serve as Chairman. The Board served as a "firewall" against political interference in the journalistic product.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon the enactment of the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2017" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017">National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017</a> on December 23, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the agency was placed under the direction of a single CEO. The board, officially renamed as the International Broadcasting Advisory Board, was reduced to five members appointed by the president to serve in an advisory role. Previously appointed board members in excess of five could continue to serve, but would not be replaced when their term expired.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the 2016 reform legislation, any new agency CEO is to be nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate with authority to select key agency personnel. Former USAGM CEO <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Lansing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John F. Lansing (page does not exist)">John F. Lansing</a>, who had been selected and approved in 2015 by the BBG Board holding a Democratic majority during the Obama administration, was not nominated by President Obama nor confirmed by the Republican-controlled U.S. Senate, as this was not required under previous legislation. </p><p>In June 2018, President Trump announced his intention to nominate documentary film producer <a href="/wiki/Michael_Pack" title="Michael Pack">Michael Pack</a> to head the agency. He was confirmed by the Senate two years later, and served from June 5, 2020 until January 20, 2021, when he was asked to resign at the request of newly-inaugurated President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>. President Biden then appointed Kelu Chao as acting USAGM CEO. </p><p>President Biden then nominated Amanda Bennett for CEO. She received bipartisan confirmation from the U.S. Senate in September 2022 and was sworn into the position in December 2022. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Broadcasting_Advisory_Board">International Broadcasting Advisory Board</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: International Broadcasting Advisory Board"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The board advises the CEO of the agency, as appropriate. It is composed of seven members, six appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> with the consent of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a>. Of the six appointed members, one each should be appointed from among four lists of at least three individuals submitted by the chairs and ranking members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs">House Committee on Foreign Affairs</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a>. All six members shall not be regular, full-time employees of the U.S. government, and be appointed on the basis of being distinguished in the fields of public diplomacy, mass communications, print, broadcast or digital media, or foreign affairs. These six are appointed to a single term of four years, but they may continue to serve on the board until a successor is confirmed. Only three of these may be affiliated with the same political party.<sup id="cite_ref-USC_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USC-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The President designates one member to serve as chairperson, with the advice and consent of the Senate. A majority of the members of the board constitutes a quorum, when excluding the Secretary of State.<sup id="cite_ref-USC_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USC-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_board_members">Current board members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Current board members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current board members as of September 27, 2024:<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Position </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Party </th> <th>Assumed office </th> <th>Term expiration </th></tr> <tr> <th>Chair </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Jarin, Kenneth"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Jarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Jarin (page does not exist)">Kenneth Jarin</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002027-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2027</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Matthews, Kathleen"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Matthews" title="Kathleen Matthews">Kathleen Matthews</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002027-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2027</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Gedmin, Jeffrey"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Gedmin" title="Jeffrey Gedmin">Jeffrey Gedmin</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Botello, Luis"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Botello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Botello (page does not exist)">Luis Botello</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2025</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Giuda, Michelle S."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michelle_S._Giuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michelle S. Giuda (page does not exist)">Michelle S. Giuda</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002027-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2027</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Fly, Jamie"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Fly" title="Jamie Fly">Jamie Fly</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002023-12-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 6, 2023</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002027-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 1, 2027</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Member<br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a>)</i> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="Blinken, Antony"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002021-01-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 26, 2021</span> </td> <td>— </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Past_board_members">Past board members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Past board members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Past members of the board have included: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_J._Pattiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman J. Pattiz">Norman J. Pattiz</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (May 2000 – March 2006)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Burke" title="David W. Burke">David W. Burke</a> (August 1995 – 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kaufman" title="Ted Kaufman">Ted Kaufman</a> (August 1995 – December 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Y._Tomlinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth Y. Tomlinson">Kenneth Y. Tomlinson</a> (August 2002 – 2007)<sup id="cite_ref-TNR01_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNR01-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Walter Isaacson</a> (July 2010 – January 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Perino" title="Dana Perino">Dana Perino</a> (July 2010 – December 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ashe" title="Victor Ashe">Victor Ashe</a> (June 2010 – 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lynton" title="Michael Lynton">Michael Lynton</a> (July 2010 – May 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_McCue" title="Susan McCue">Susan McCue</a> (July 2010 – May 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div><p>In October 2021, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) published a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-104017">report</a> about USAGM's organization.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outlets">Outlets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Outlets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Current_Time_TV" title="Current Time TV">Current Time TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Broadcasting_Networks" title="Middle East Broadcasting Networks">Middle East Broadcasting Networks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhurra" title="Alhurra">Alhurra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Sawa" title="Radio Sawa">Radio Sawa</a></li></ul></li> <li>Office of Cuba Broadcasting (<a href="/wiki/Radio_y_Televisi%C3%B3n_Mart%C3%AD" title="Radio y Televisión Martí">Radio y Televisión Martí</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Funding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a federal agency, USAGM's budget request is part of the president's budget request to Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the federal funding dispute for the fiscal year 2011, President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> sided with the BBG agreeing to language that the organization would "expand unrestricted access to information on the Internet."<sup id="cite_ref-Obama_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obama-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BBG received $10 million from Congress for the purpose of fighting Internet censorship in China and other countries. </p><p>The agency has $2 million earmarked to the <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Hong_Kong_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–20 Hong Kong protests">2019–20 Hong Kong protests</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Open_Technology_Fund" title="Open Technology Fund">Open Technology Fund</a>. This funding was frozen in June 2020 as China was preparing to introduce a new <a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">national security law for Hong Kong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-time-20200626_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-20200626-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President Biden's budget request for 2023 includes $840 million for USAGM, which the Agency says will enable them to continue their "vital mission to inform, engage, and connect people around the world in support of freedom and democracy."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is an increase of $29.6 million from the 2022 requested level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2010, BBG Executive Director Jeff Trimble collaborated with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</a> to publish a VOA statement about Iran's <a href="/wiki/Radio_jamming" title="Radio jamming">jamming</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of international satellites. In an email to <i>Foreign Policy</i> magazine, BBG's Public Affairs Director responded to the controversy, stating "the BBG 'firewall' served to protect the integrity and credibility of our journalistic products. An official policy statement by a senior management official of the agency is not a journalistic product."<sup id="cite_ref-thecable_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecable-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later that year, Senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Coburn" title="Tom Coburn">Tom Coburn</a> held up the Obama administration's appointments of <a href="/wiki/Michael_P._Meehan" title="Michael P. Meehan">Michael P. Meehan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dana_Perino" title="Dana Perino">Dana Perino</a> to the board, with the aim of drawing attention to the organization's perceived ineffectiveness, stating in an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i> magazine: "The BBG is the most worthless organization in the federal government. It's full of people who know nothing about media or foreign policy."<sup id="cite_ref-thecable_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecable-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senator <a href="/wiki/Jim_DeMint" title="Jim DeMint">Jim DeMint</a> also attempted to use the nominations to force a hearing on the BBG after frustrations with a perceived lack of congressional oversight over the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-thecable_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecable-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coburn had written an open letter to then–Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> in August 2010 citing "longstanding concerns regarding transparency and effectiveness of our taxpayer funded international broadcasting agencies under the purview of the Broadcasting Board of Governors."<sup id="cite_ref-thecable_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecable-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though a report on BBG was eventually given to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coburn was ultimately unsuccessful in trying to block the appointments to the board.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2016, the chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Shell" title="Jeff Shell">Jeff Shell</a>, was denied entry into Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-Nixon-2016-07-13_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nixon-2016-07-13-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Matt Novak, writing for the tech website <i><a href="/wiki/Gizmodo" title="Gizmodo">Gizmodo</a></i>, referred to the BBG as the "propaganda arm" of the U.S. government and speculated that its alleged role in spreading propaganda on behalf of the U.S. government was the reason Shell was denied entry to Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-Novak-2016-07-13_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novak-2016-07-13-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, <i>The New York Times</i> reported that the Agency had targeted Americans with <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> ads for one of its outlets, which would violate the <a href="/wiki/Smith%E2%80%93Mundt_Act" title="Smith–Mundt Act">Smith–Mundt Act</a>, a law "to protect Americans from domestic propaganda".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, after <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> decided to label the Voice of America's account as government-funded media, a VOA spokesperson told <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> that the label "causes unwarranted and unjustified concern about the accuracy and objectivity of [its] news coverage".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Title_22_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations">Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usagm.gov/news-and-information/press-room/">"USAGM"</a>. <i>usagm.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308211007/https://www.usagm.gov/news-and-information/press-room/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usagm.gov&rft.atitle=USAGM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usagm.gov%2Fnews-and-information%2Fpress-room%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usagm.gov/who-we-are/the-ceo/amanda-bennett/">"Amanda Bennett"</a>. <i>www.usagm.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 23, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411000025/https://observer.com/2018/08/broadcasting-board-of-governors-us-agency-for-global-media-michael-pack-trump/">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=%27Most+Worthless%27+US+Government+Agency+May+Become+Trump+TV&rft.date=2018-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobserver.com%2F2018%2F08%2Fbroadcasting-board-of-governors-us-agency-for-global-media-michael-pack-trump%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usa.gov/federal-agencies/u-s-agency-for-global-media">"U.S. Agency for Global Media"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA.gov" title="USA.gov">USA.gov</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220318085700/https://www.usa.gov/federal-agencies/u-s-agency-for-global-media">Archived</a> from the original on March 18, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA.gov&rft.atitle=U.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usa.gov%2Ffederal-agencies%2Fu-s-agency-for-global-media&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlanticSerhan-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-atlanticSerhan_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlanticSerhan_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSerhan2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Serhan, Yasmeen (February 23, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2021/02/trumps-war-on-americas-state-funded-broadcasters/618035/">"The Ultimate Symbol of America's Diminished Soft Power"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327001140/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2021/02/trumps-war-on-americas-state-funded-broadcasters/618035/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=The+Ultimate+Symbol+of+America%27s+Diminished+Soft+Power&rft.date=2021-02-23&rft.aulast=Serhan&rft.aufirst=Yasmeen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2021%2F02%2Ftrumps-war-on-americas-state-funded-broadcasters%2F618035%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarnerFerdinandLawson2020" class="citation book cs1">Garner, Robert; Ferdinand, Peter; Lawson, Stephanie (March 15, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hcjXDwAAQBAJ&q=U.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media&pg=PA474"><i>Introduction to Politics</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-882061-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-882061-1"><bdi>978-0-19-882061-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211009130928/https://books.google.com/books?id=hcjXDwAAQBAJ&q=U.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media&pg=PA474">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Politics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020-03-15&rft.isbn=978-0-19-882061-1&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Ferdinand%2C+Peter&rft.au=Lawson%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhcjXDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DU.S.%2BAgency%2Bfor%2BGlobal%2BMedia%26pg%3DPA474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usagm.gov/networks/">"USAGM"</a>. <i>United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM)</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308212019/https://www.usagm.gov/networks/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Agency+for+Global+Media+%28USAGM%29&rft.atitle=USAGM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usagm.gov%2Fnetworks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZollman2021" class="citation book cs1">Zollman, Florian (September 2, 2021). "The Propaganda Apparatus of the National Security State". In Ward, Stephen J.A. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Committee+Meetings+for+Thursday%2C+July+20%2C+1995&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Publishing+Office&rft.date=1995-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gpo.gov%2Ffdsys%2Fpkg%2FCREC-1995-07-19%2Fhtml%2FCREC-1995-07-19-pt1-PgD883.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/broadcasting-board-of-governors">"Broadcasting Board of Governors"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417212009/https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/broadcasting-board-of-governors">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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after being falsely labeled as 'state-affiliated media'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NPR</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=NPR+quits+Twitter+after+being+falsely+labeled+as+%27state-affiliated+media%27&rft.date=2023-04-12&rft.aulast=Folkenflik&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2023%2F04%2F12%2F1169269161%2Fnpr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+Agency+for+Global+Media" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" 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title="Open Technology Fund">Open Technology Fund</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_y_Televisi%C3%B3n_Mart%C3%AD" title="Radio y Televisión Martí">Radio y Televisión Martí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldnet_Television_and_Film_Service" title="Worldnet Television and Film Service">Worldnet Television and Film Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922454#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/5566756-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no00023470">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB202016117">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007456870005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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