CINXE.COM
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title data-rh="true">The most insightful stories about Strategy - Medium</title><meta data-rh="true" charset="utf-8"/><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1"/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:package" content="com.medium.reader"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="542599432471018"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="title" content="The most insightful stories about Strategy - Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Read stories about Strategy on Medium. Discover smart, unique perspectives on Strategy and the topics that matter most to you like Business, Marketing, Startup, Leadership, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Business Strategy, Design, and Product Management."/><meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="index,follow"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:site" content="@Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:description" content="Read stories about Strategy on Medium. Discover smart, unique perspectives on Strategy and the topics that matter most to you like Business, Marketing, Startup, Leadership, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Business Strategy, Design, and Product Management."/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:image:src" content="https://miro.medium.com/v2/1*0L5w2b6T1yEVI3_ZYUWONw.png"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="The most insightful stories about Strategy - Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="website"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Read stories about Strategy on Medium. Discover smart, unique perspectives on Strategy and the topics that matter most to you like Business, Marketing, Startup, Leadership, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Business Strategy, Design, and Product Management."/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://miro.medium.com/v2/1*0L5w2b6T1yEVI3_ZYUWONw.png"/><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/5d8de952517e8160e40ef9841c781cdc14a5db313057fa3c3de41c6f5b494b19"/><link data-rh="true" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Medium" href="/osd.xml"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:304:304/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:240:240/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:152:152/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:120:120/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="mask-icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:1000:1000/7*GAOKVe--MXbEJmV9230oOQ.png" color="#171717"/><link data-rh="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://glyph.medium.com" crossOrigin=""/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_preload_link" rel="preload" as="style" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_link" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://medium.com/tag/strategy"/><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="STATIC">html{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}*, *:before, *:after{box-sizing:inherit}body{margin:0;padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);position:relative;min-height:100vh}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, dl, dd, ol, ul, menu, figure, blockquote, p, pre, form{margin:0}menu, ol, ul{padding:0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none}main{display:block}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a, button, input{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}img, svg{vertical-align:middle}button{background:transparent;overflow:visible}button, input, optgroup, select, textarea{margin:0}:root{--reach-tabs:1;--reach-menu-button:1}#speechify-root{font-family:Sohne, sans-serif}div[data-popper-reference-hidden="true"]{visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility:hidden} /*XCode style (c) Angel Garcia <angelgarcia.mail@gmail.com>*/.hljs {background: #fff;color: black; }/* Gray DOCTYPE selectors like WebKit */ .xml .hljs-meta {color: #c0c0c0; }.hljs-comment, .hljs-quote {color: #007400; }.hljs-tag, .hljs-attribute, .hljs-keyword, .hljs-selector-tag, .hljs-literal, .hljs-name {color: #aa0d91; }.hljs-variable, .hljs-template-variable {color: #3F6E74; }.hljs-code, .hljs-string, .hljs-meta .hljs-string {color: #c41a16; }.hljs-regexp, .hljs-link {color: #0E0EFF; }.hljs-title, .hljs-symbol, .hljs-bullet, .hljs-number {color: #1c00cf; }.hljs-section, .hljs-meta {color: #643820; }.hljs-title.class_, .hljs-class .hljs-title, .hljs-type, .hljs-built_in, .hljs-params {color: #5c2699; }.hljs-attr {color: #836C28; }.hljs-subst {color: #000; }.hljs-formula {background-color: #eee;font-style: italic; }.hljs-addition {background-color: #baeeba; }.hljs-deletion {background-color: #ffc8bd; }.hljs-selector-id, .hljs-selector-class {color: #9b703f; }.hljs-doctag, .hljs-strong {font-weight: bold; }.hljs-emphasis {font-style: italic; } </style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="KEYFRAME">@-webkit-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@-moz-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE">.a{font-family:medium-content-sans-serif-font, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif}.b{font-weight:400}.c{background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.l{display:block}.m{position:sticky}.n{top:0}.o{z-index:500}.p{padding:0 24px}.q{align-items:center}.r{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.y{height:41px}.z{line-height:20px}.ab{display:flex}.ac{height:57px}.ae{flex:1 0 auto}.af{color:inherit}.ag{fill:inherit}.ah{font-size:inherit}.ai{border:inherit}.aj{font-family:inherit}.ak{letter-spacing:inherit}.al{font-weight:inherit}.am{padding:0}.an{margin:0}.ao{cursor:pointer}.ap:disabled{cursor:not-allowed}.aq:disabled{color:#6B6B6B}.ar:disabled{fill:#6B6B6B}.au{width:auto}.av path{fill:#242424}.aw{height:25px}.ax{margin-left:16px}.ay{border:none}.az{border-radius:20px}.ba{width:240px}.bb{background:#F9F9F9}.bc path{fill:#6B6B6B}.be{outline:none}.bf{font-family:sohne, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.bg{font-size:14px}.bh{width:100%}.bi{padding:10px 20px 10px 0}.bj{background-color:transparent}.bk{color:#242424}.bl::placeholder{color:#6B6B6B}.bm{display:inline-block}.bn{margin-left:12px}.bo{margin-right:12px}.bp{border-radius:4px}.bq{margin-left:24px}.br{height:24px}.bx{background-color:#F9F9F9}.by{border-radius:50%}.bz{height:32px}.ca{width:32px}.cb{animation:k1 1.2s ease-in-out infinite}.cc{justify-content:center}.ci{max-width:1192px}.cj{min-width:0}.ck{margin-bottom:48px}.cl{margin-top:24px}.cm{overflow:hidden}.cq{border-radius:100px}.cr{margin-right:8px}.cs{height:38px}.ct{width:120px}.cu{flex:0 0 auto}.cv{background-color:#F2F2F2}.db{flex-direction:column}.dc{margin-bottom:16px}.dn{margin-bottom:24px}.do{height:16px}.du{width:80px}.eb{height:1px}.ec{align-items:stretch}.ed{flex-direction:row}.ee{flex-wrap:wrap}.fp{flex-grow:0}.fq{margin-bottom:32px}.fr{height:200px}.fs{width:158px}.ft{margin-bottom:8px}.fu{width:288px}.fv{width:296px}.fw{margin-bottom:56px}.fx{width:224px}.fy{margin-left:8px}.fz{color:#6B6B6B}.ga{font-size:13px}.gb{height:100%}.gt{color:#FFFFFF}.gu{fill:#FFFFFF}.gv{background:#1A8917}.gw{border-color:#1A8917}.ha:disabled{cursor:inherit !important}.hb:disabled{opacity:0.3}.hc:disabled:hover{background:#1A8917}.hd:disabled:hover{border-color:#1A8917}.he{border-radius:99em}.hf{border-width:1px}.hg{border-style:solid}.hh{box-sizing:border-box}.hi{text-decoration:none}.hj{text-align:center}.hm{margin-right:32px}.hn{position:relative}.ho{fill:#6B6B6B}.hr{background:transparent}.hs svg{margin-left:4px}.ht svg{fill:#6B6B6B}.hv{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)}.hw{position:absolute}.ig{margin-top:22px}.ih{overflow-x:scroll}.ii{overflow-y:hidden}.ij::-webkit-scrollbar{height:0}.ik::-webkit-scrollbar{width:0}.il::-webkit-scrollbar{background:transparent}.im{scrollbar-width:none}.in{-ms-overflow-style:none}.io::-webkit-scrollbar:horizontal{height:0}.ip{width:24px}.iq{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.ir{padding:6px}.iz{white-space:nowrap}.ja{transition:background 300ms ease}.jc{padding:8px 16px}.jd{border:1px solid #242424}.je{right:0}.jf{bottom:12px}.jg{padding-left:42px}.jh{pointer-events:none}.ji{opacity:0}.jj{background:linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 75%)}.jk{height:42px}.jl{margin:2px}.jm svg path{fill:#6B6B6B}.jo{left:0}.jp{padding-right:42px}.jq{background:linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 75%)}.kj{font-weight:500}.kz{margin:0 8px}.la{color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.lb{fill:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.lc{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.ld{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.lg:disabled{opacity:0.1}.lh:disabled:hover{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.li:disabled:hover{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.lj{height:0px}.lo{margin:40px 0}.me{margin-top:0px}.mf{box-sizing:content-box}.mg{display:grid}.mh{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr)}.mi{grid-template-rows:auto 1fr}.mt{grid-area:image}.mu{grid-area:content}.na{border-radius:2px}.nb{aspect-ratio:2}.nc{object-fit:cover}.nd{object-position:50% 50%}.ne{flex-grow:1}.nf a{position:relative}.ng a{z-index:2}.nh button{position:relative}.ni button{z-index:2}.no{height:20px}.np{width:20px}.nq{padding-right:4px}.ns{max-height:20px}.nt{text-overflow:ellipsis}.nu{display:-webkit-box}.nv{-webkit-line-clamp:1}.nw{-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.nx{word-break:break-all}.nz{padding:0 4px}.oa{padding-bottom:12px}.og{word-break:break-word}.oh a{position:static}.oi a::before{content:""}.oj a::before{position:absolute}.ok a::before{z-index:1}.ol a::before{top:0}.om a::before{left:0}.on a::before{bottom:0}.oo a::before{right:0}.op{font-weight:700}.pg{padding-top:8px}.ph{font-size:16px}.pi{max-height:40px}.pj{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.pk{height:48px}.pl{justify-content:space-between}.pm{max-width:200px}.pn{opacity:1}.po{transition:opacity 300ms ease-out}.pp{gap:16px}.pq{gap:4px}.pr{justify-content:flex-end}.ps{flex:0 0 0}.pu{padding:12px}.pv{margin-top:32px}.pw{flex:1 1 auto}.px a{display:flex}.py a{flex-direction:column}.qy{padding-top:12px}.re{margin-left:2px}.rf{margin-top:2px}.rg{cursor:initial}.rn{gap:80px 48px}.ro{grid-area:post0}.rp{grid-area:post1}.rq{grid-area:post2}.rr{grid-area:post3}.rs{grid-area:post4}.rt{grid-area:post5}.ru{grid-area:post6}.rv{grid-area:post7}.sm{fill:#242424}.sn{background:0}.so{border-color:#242424}.sq:disabled:hover{color:#242424}.sr:disabled:hover{fill:#242424}.ss:disabled:hover{border-color:#242424}.st{width:min-width}.su{bottom:0}.sv{z-index:800}.sw{background:rgba(255,255,255,0.7)}.as:hover:not(:disabled){color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.at:hover:not(:disabled){fill:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.gx:hover{background:#156D12}.gy:hover{border-color:#156D12}.gz:hover{cursor:pointer}.hp:hover{color:#242424}.hq:hover{fill:#242424}.hu:hover svg{fill:#242424}.hx:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)}.jb:hover{background-color:#F2F2F2}.jn:hover svg path{fill:#000000}.le:hover{background:#000000}.lf:hover{border-color:#242424}.nr:hover{text-decoration:underline}.pt:hover{color:#000000}.sp:hover{fill:#000000}.bd:focus-within path{fill:#242424}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 1080px)">.d{display:none}.bw{width:64px}.ch{margin:0 24px}.cp{justify-content:center}.da{margin:0 64px}.dl{height:48px}.dm{width:280px}.dt{margin-bottom:76px}.ea{margin-bottom:40px}.es{width:calc(100% + 48px)}.et{margin-left:-24px}.eu{margin-right:-24px}.fl{padding-left:24px}.fm{padding-right:24px}.fn{flex-basis:50%}.fo{max-width:50%}.gk{font-size:14px}.gl{line-height:20px}.gr{font-size:13px}.gs{padding:5px 12px}.hl{display:flex}.if{margin-bottom:46px}.ix{padding-right:16px}.iy{margin-right:24px}.kb{margin-top:16px}.kc{font-size:16px}.kd{line-height:24px}.ki{margin:0 24px 56px}.kw{font-size:42px}.kx{line-height:52px}.ky{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.ln{margin:0 24px 80px}.mb{font-size:24px}.mc{line-height:30px}.md{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.mr{gap:24px 0}.ms{grid-template-areas:"image image image image image image image image image image image image" "content content content content content content content content content content content content"}.mz{display:block}.nn{margin-bottom:16px}.of{flex:1 0 auto}.pc{font-size:20px}.pd{max-height:48px}.pe{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.pf{letter-spacing:0}.qh{max-height:96px}.qi{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.qr{padding-top:2px}.qs{width:100%}.qx{margin-left:24px}.rd{margin-top:20px}.rl{grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr)}.rm{grid-template-areas: "post0 post0 post0 post1 post1 post1" "post2 post2 post3 post3 post4 post4" "post5 post5 post6 post6 post7 post7" }.rx{gap:32px 0}.sc{aspect-ratio:1.5}.se{max-height:60px}.sg{aspect-ratio:2}.sl{margin-top:80px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.e{display:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 903.98px)">.f{display:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 727.98px)">.g{display:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 551.98px)">.h{display:none}.s{display:flex}.t{justify-content:space-between}.bs{width:24px}.cd{margin:0 0 0 24px}.cw{margin:0 24px}.dd{height:32px}.de{width:200px}.dp{margin-bottom:48px}.dv{margin:0}.ef{width:calc(100% + 24px)}.eg{margin-left:-12px}.eh{margin-right:-12px}.ev{padding-left:12px}.ew{padding-right:12px}.ex{flex-basis:100%}.ey{max-width:100%}.gc{font-size:13px}.gd{line-height:20px}.gm{padding:0px 8px 1px}.hy{margin:0px}.ib{margin-bottom:38px}.is{margin-right:16px}.jr{margin-top:12px}.js{font-size:14px}.ke{margin:0 24px 48px}.kk{font-size:24px}.kl{line-height:30px}.km{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.lk{margin:0 24px 56px}.lp{font-size:20px}.lq{line-height:24px}.lr{letter-spacing:0}.mj{gap:24px 0}.mk{grid-template-areas:"image image image image image image image image image image image image" "content content content content content content content content content content content content"}.mv{display:block}.nj{margin-bottom:16px}.ob{flex:1 0 auto}.oq{max-height:48px}.or{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.pz{max-height:96px}.qa{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.qj{padding-top:2px}.qk{width:100%}.qt{margin-left:24px}.qz{margin-top:20px}.ry{aspect-ratio:2}.sh{margin-top:32px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 904px) and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.i{display:none}.bv{width:64px}.cg{margin:0 24px}.co{justify-content:center}.cz{margin:0 64px}.dj{height:48px}.dk{width:280px}.ds{margin-bottom:76px}.dz{margin-bottom:40px}.ep{width:calc(100% + 32px)}.eq{margin-left:-16px}.er{margin-right:-16px}.fh{padding-left:16px}.fi{padding-right:16px}.fj{flex-basis:50%}.fk{max-width:50%}.gi{font-size:14px}.gj{line-height:20px}.gp{font-size:13px}.gq{padding:5px 12px}.hk{display:flex}.ie{margin-bottom:46px}.iw{margin-right:24px}.jy{margin-top:16px}.jz{font-size:16px}.ka{line-height:24px}.kh{margin:0 24px 56px}.kt{font-size:42px}.ku{line-height:52px}.kv{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.lm{margin:0 24px 80px}.ly{font-size:24px}.lz{line-height:30px}.ma{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.mp{gap:24px 0}.mq{grid-template-areas:"image image image image image image image image image image image image" "content content content content content content content content content content content content"}.my{display:block}.nm{margin-bottom:16px}.oe{flex:1 0 auto}.oy{font-size:20px}.oz{max-height:48px}.pa{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.pb{letter-spacing:0}.qf{max-height:96px}.qg{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.qp{padding-top:2px}.qq{width:100%}.qw{margin-left:24px}.rc{margin-top:20px}.rj{grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr)}.rk{grid-template-areas: "post0 post0 post0 post1 post1 post1" "post2 post2 post3 post3 post4 post4" "post5 post5 post6 post6 post7 post7" }.rw{gap:32px 0}.sb{aspect-ratio:1.5}.sd{max-height:60px}.sf{aspect-ratio:2}.sk{margin-top:80px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 728px) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.j{display:none}.w{display:flex}.x{justify-content:space-between}.bu{width:64px}.cf{margin:0 24px}.cn{justify-content:center}.cy{margin:0 48px}.dh{height:48px}.di{width:280px}.dr{margin-bottom:76px}.dx{margin:0}.dy{margin-bottom:40px}.el{width:calc(100% + 28px)}.em{margin-left:-14px}.eo{margin-right:-14px}.fd{padding-left:14px}.fe{padding-right:14px}.ff{flex-basis:50%}.fg{max-width:50%}.gg{font-size:13px}.gh{line-height:20px}.go{padding:0px 8px 1px}.ia{margin:0px}.id{margin-bottom:46px}.iu{padding-right:16px}.iv{margin-right:24px}.jv{margin-top:16px}.jw{font-size:16px}.jx{line-height:24px}.kg{margin:0 24px 56px}.kq{font-size:42px}.kr{line-height:52px}.ks{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.lv{font-size:24px}.lw{line-height:30px}.lx{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.mn{gap:24px 0}.mo{grid-template-areas:"image image image image image image image image image image image image" "content content content content content content content content content content content content"}.mx{display:block}.nl{margin-bottom:16px}.od{flex:1 0 auto}.ou{font-size:20px}.ov{max-height:48px}.ow{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.ox{letter-spacing:0}.qd{max-height:96px}.qe{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.qn{padding-top:2px}.qo{width:100%}.qv{margin-left:24px}.rb{margin-top:20px}.rh{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr)}.ri{grid-template-areas: "post0 post1" "post2 post3" "post4 post5" "post6 post7" }.sa{aspect-ratio:2}.sj{margin-top:80px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 552px) and (max-width: 727.98px)">.k{display:none}.u{display:flex}.v{justify-content:space-between}.bt{width:24px}.ce{margin:0 0 0 24px}.cx{margin:0 24px}.df{height:32px}.dg{width:200px}.dq{margin-bottom:48px}.dw{margin:0}.ei{width:calc(100% + 24px)}.ej{margin-left:-12px}.ek{margin-right:-12px}.ez{padding-left:12px}.fa{padding-right:12px}.fb{flex-basis:100%}.fc{max-width:100%}.ge{font-size:13px}.gf{line-height:20px}.gn{padding:0px 8px 1px}.hz{margin:0px}.ic{margin-bottom:38px}.it{margin-right:16px}.jt{margin-top:12px}.ju{font-size:14px}.kf{margin:0 24px 48px}.kn{font-size:24px}.ko{line-height:30px}.kp{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.ll{margin:0 24px 56px}.ls{font-size:20px}.lt{line-height:24px}.lu{letter-spacing:0}.ml{gap:24px 0}.mm{grid-template-areas:"image image image image image image image image image image image image" "content content content content content content content content content content content content"}.mw{display:block}.nk{margin-bottom:16px}.oc{flex:1 0 auto}.os{max-height:48px}.ot{-webkit-line-clamp:2}.qb{max-height:96px}.qc{-webkit-line-clamp:4}.ql{padding-top:2px}.qm{width:100%}.qu{margin-left:24px}.ra{margin-top:20px}.rz{aspect-ratio:2}.si{margin-top:32px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="516" data-fela-type="RULE" media="(orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.ny{max-height:none}</style></head><body><div id="root"><div class="a b c"><div class="d e f g h i j k"></div><script>document.domain = document.domain;</script><div class="l c"><div class="l m n o c"><div class="p q r s t u v w x i d y z"><a class="fz ag ga bf ak b am an ao ap aq ar as at s u w i d q gb z" href="https://rsci.app.link/?%24canonical_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Ftag%2Fstrategy&%7Efeature=LoOpenInAppButton&%7Echannel=ShowTagPosts&source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">Open in app<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="10" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 10 10" class="fy"><path fill="currentColor" d="M.985 8.485a.375.375 0 1 0 .53.53zM8.75 1.25h.375A.375.375 0 0 0 8.75.875zM8.375 6.5a.375.375 0 1 0 .75 0zM3.5.875a.375.375 0 1 0 0 .75zm-1.985 8.14 7.5-7.5-.53-.53-7.5 7.5zm6.86-7.765V6.5h.75V1.25zM3.5 1.625h5.25v-.75H3.5z"></path></svg></a><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl fz"><span><button class="bf b gc gd gm ge gf gn gg gh go gp gj gq gr gl gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh bm hi hj" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl fz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=login&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Ftag%2Fstrategy&source=login---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="p q r ab ac"><div class="ab q ae"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab" aria-label="Homepage" data-testid="headerMediumLogo" rel="noopener follow" href="/?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="719" height="160" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 719 160" class="au av aw"><path fill="#242424" d="m174.104 9.734.215-.047V8.02H130.39L89.6 103.89 48.81 8.021H1.472v1.666l.212.047c8.018 1.81 12.09 4.509 12.09 14.242V137.93c0 9.734-4.087 12.433-12.106 14.243l-.212.047v1.671h32.118v-1.665l-.213-.048c-8.018-1.809-12.089-4.509-12.089-14.242V30.586l52.399 123.305h2.972l53.925-126.743V140.75c-.687 7.688-4.721 10.062-11.982 11.701l-.215.05v1.652h55.948v-1.652l-.215-.05c-7.269-1.639-11.4-4.013-12.087-11.701l-.037-116.774h.037c0-9.733 4.071-12.432 12.087-14.242m25.555 75.488c.915-20.474 8.268-35.252 20.606-35.507 3.806.063 6.998 1.312 9.479 3.714 5.272 5.118 7.751 15.812 7.368 31.793zm-.553 5.77h65.573v-.275c-.186-15.656-4.721-27.834-13.466-36.196-7.559-7.227-18.751-11.203-30.507-11.203h-.263c-6.101 0-13.584 1.48-18.909 4.16-6.061 2.807-11.407 7.003-15.855 12.511-7.161 8.874-11.499 20.866-12.554 34.343q-.05.606-.092 1.212a50 50 0 0 0-.065 1.151 85.807 85.807 0 0 0-.094 5.689c.71 30.524 17.198 54.917 46.483 54.917 25.705 0 40.675-18.791 44.407-44.013l-1.886-.664c-6.557 13.556-18.334 21.771-31.738 20.769-18.297-1.369-32.314-19.922-31.042-42.395m139.722 41.359c-2.151 5.101-6.639 7.908-12.653 7.908s-11.513-4.129-15.418-11.63c-4.197-8.053-6.405-19.436-6.405-32.92 0-28.067 8.729-46.22 22.24-46.22 5.657 0 10.111 2.807 12.236 7.704zm43.499 20.008c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V1.309l-48.716 14.353v1.757l.299-.024c6.72-.543 11.278.386 13.925 2.83 2.072 1.915 3.082 4.853 3.082 8.987v18.66c-4.803-3.067-10.516-4.56-17.448-4.56-14.059 0-26.909 5.92-36.176 16.672-9.66 11.205-14.767 26.518-14.767 44.278-.003 31.72 15.612 53.039 38.851 53.039 13.595 0 24.533-7.449 29.54-20.013v16.865h43.711v-1.746zM424.1 19.819c0-9.904-7.468-17.374-17.375-17.374-9.859 0-17.573 7.632-17.573 17.374s7.721 17.374 17.573 17.374c9.907 0 17.375-7.47 17.375-17.374m11.499 132.546c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951h-.035V43.635l-43.714 12.551v1.705l.263.024c9.458.842 12.047 4.1 12.047 15.152v81.086h43.751v-1.746zm112.013 0c-8.018-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V43.635l-41.621 12.137v1.71l.246.026c7.733.813 9.967 4.257 9.967 15.36v59.279c-2.578 5.102-7.415 8.131-13.274 8.336-9.503 0-14.736-6.419-14.736-18.073V43.638l-43.714 12.55v1.703l.262.024c9.459.84 12.05 4.097 12.05 15.152v50.17a56.3 56.3 0 0 0 .91 10.444l.787 3.423c3.701 13.262 13.398 20.197 28.59 20.197 12.868 0 24.147-7.966 29.115-20.43v17.311h43.714v-1.747zm169.818 1.788v-1.749l-.213-.05c-8.7-2.006-12.089-5.789-12.089-13.49v-63.79c0-19.89-11.171-31.761-29.883-31.761-13.64 0-25.141 7.882-29.569 20.16-3.517-13.01-13.639-20.16-28.606-20.16-13.146 0-23.449 6.938-27.869 18.657V43.643L545.487 55.68v1.715l.263.024c9.345.829 12.047 4.181 12.047 14.95v81.784h40.787v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.941-1.631-9.181-4.606-9.181-12.239V66.998c1.836-4.289 5.537-9.37 12.853-9.37 9.086 0 13.692 6.296 13.692 18.697v77.828h40.797v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.94-1.631-9.18-4.606-9.18-12.239V75.066a42 42 0 0 0-.578-7.26c1.947-4.661 5.86-10.177 13.475-10.177 9.214 0 13.691 6.114 13.691 18.696v77.828z"></path></svg></a><div class="ax h"><div class="ab ay az ba bb q bc bd"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="searchResults" aria-labelledby="searchResults"></div><div class="bn bo ab"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div><input role="combobox" aria-controls="searchResults" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="search" data-testid="headerSearchInput" tabindex="0" class="ay be bf bg z bh bi bj bk bl" placeholder="Search" value=""/></div></div></div><div class="h k w hk hl"><div class="hm ab"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerWriteButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fnew-story&source=---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------new_post_topnav-----------"><div class="bf b bg z fz hn ho ab q hp hq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Write"><path fill="currentColor" d="M14 4a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1zm7 6a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0zm-7-7H4v1h10zM3 4v16h1V4zm1 17h16v-1H4zm17-1V10h-1v10zm-1 1a1 1 0 0 0 1-1h-1zM3 20a1 1 0 0 0 1 1v-1zM4 3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1h1z"></path><path stroke="currentColor" d="m17.5 4.5-8.458 8.458a.25.25 0 0 0-.06.098l-.824 2.47a.25.25 0 0 0 .316.316l2.47-.823a.25.25 0 0 0 .098-.06L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2.323-2.323a.25.25 0 0 1 .354 0l1.646 1.646a.25.25 0 0 1 0 .354L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2 2"></path></svg><div class="fy l">Write</div></div></a></span></div></div><div class="k j i d"><div class="hm ab"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSearchButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/search?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------"><div class="bf b bg z fz hn ho ab q hp hq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Search"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></a></div></div><div class="hm h k j"><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl fz"><span><button class="bf b gc gd gm ge gf gn gg gh go gp gj gq gr gl gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh bm hi hj" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl fz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=login&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Ftag%2Fstrategy&source=login---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ay hr am ab q ao hs ht hu" aria-label="user options menu" data-testid="headerUserIcon"><div class="l hn"><img alt="" class="l hh by bz ca cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:64:64/1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png" width="32" height="32" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/><div class="hv by l bz ca hw n ay hx"></div></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ab cc"><div class="hy hz ia cg ch ci cj bh"><div class="ib ic id ie if ig l hn"><div class="ab q ih ii ij ik il im in io"><div class="ip i d cu"></div><a class="bk ag bg iq bf ak b ir an ao ap aq ar as at z ab q is it iu iv fi iw ix iy iz cv cq ja jb" rel="noopener follow" href="/explore-topics?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" height="24" width="24"><circle cx="12" cy="12.001" r="10.5" stroke="currentColor"></circle><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m16.083 6.167-.147.989-.984 6.636-.036.247-.22.119-5.899 3.194-.88.476.147-.989.984-6.635.037-.248.22-.119 5.899-3.194zM9.92 11.15 9.2 15.997l4.308-2.333zm4.163 1.695-3.59-2.514L14.8 8z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div class="fy h k">Explore topics</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" aria-current="page" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/strategy?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq jd ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Strategy</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/product-management?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Product Management</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/technology?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Technology</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/business?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Business</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/marketing?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Marketing</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/startup?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Startup</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/leadership?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Leadership</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/innovation?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Innovation</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/entrepreneurship?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Entrepreneurship</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/business-strategy?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Business Strategy</div></a><a class="cr ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/design?source=topic_portal---topic_nav---strategy-------------------------------"><div class="jc hn cv cq iq ja jb bf b bg z bk iz">Design</div></a><div class="hw je n jf jg ab q jh ji jj jk"><button class="ay am jl ao jm jn" aria-label="next sections" tabindex="-1"><svg width="26px" height="26px" class="svgIcon-use" viewBox="0 0 19 19" style="transform:rotate(180deg)" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.47 13.969 6.986 9.484 11.47 5l.553.492L8.03 9.484l3.993 3.993z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="hw jo n jf jp ab q jh ji jq jk"><button class="ay am jl ao jm jn" aria-label="previous sections" tabindex="-1"><svg width="26px" height="26px" class="svgIcon-use" viewBox="0 0 19 19" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.47 13.969 6.986 9.484 11.47 5l.553.492L8.03 9.484l3.993 3.993z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="l hn"><div class="ab cc"><div class="ke kf kg kh ki ci cj bh"><div class="l hj"><h2 class="bf kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky bk">Strategy</h2><div class="ab cc jr js gd jt ju gf jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd dn bf b fz">Topic<div class="kz l">·</div>4.8K<!-- --> <!-- -->Followers<div class="kz l">·</div>73K<!-- --> <!-- -->Stories</div><div class="l"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fsignedin%2Fsubscriptions%2Ftag%2Fstrategy%3FfollowSource%3Dtopics_v2&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Ftag%2Fstrategy&source=------strategy--------------------follow_tag-----------"><button class="bf b bg z la jc lb lc ld le lf gz ha lg lh li he hf hg hh bm hi hj">Follow</button></a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="ab cc"><div class="hy hz ia cg ch ci cj bh"><div class="lj bh r"></div></div></div><div class="ab cc"><div class="lk ll kg lm ln ci cj bh"><div class="lo l"><h2 class="bf kj lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md bk">Recommended stories</h2></div><div class="j i d"><div class="ab db"><div class="me l"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation" class="bh na nb nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1358/format:webp/1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png" loading="eager"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="hn ab"><img alt="Android Developers" class="na np no cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*4Tg6pPzer7cIarYaszIKaQ.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="na l no np hw n hv hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nq l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">In</p></div><div class="l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Android Developers</p></a></div></div></div><div class="nz l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">by</p></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@JoseAlcerreca?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Jose Alcérreca</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">A significant update to our official documentation on testing strategies will help you create more robust apps across form factors.</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">1d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>7</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F255973814ae3&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fandroiddevelopers%2Ftest-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="pv l"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback" class="bh na nb nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1358/format:webp/1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png" loading="eager"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Pedro Porto Alegre" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*wZgibvjX7HVvtxpNujVj5w@2x.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Pedro Porto Alegre</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Objectively evaluating whether an idea or concept will best deliver on the objectives set out by the brief is key for effective crits. It’s…</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">4d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>5</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F6bfdc671c247&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40pedrohportoalegre%2Fthe-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="pv l"><article class=""><div class="mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="l"><div class="bh l"><div style="position:relative;display:flex" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1" tabindex="0"><div class="bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="ab"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Dylan Combellick" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*EBeefWqrgjUQzjo0qnH_RA.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Dylan Combellick</p></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ab"><div class="l pw og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo px py"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><h2 class="bf op lp lq pz qa lr ls lt qb qc lu ou jx qd qe ox oy ka qf qg pb pc kd qh qi pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Ukraine Update November 18</h2><div class="pg"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Predictably Catastrophic Miscalculations</h3></div></a></div><div class="h k j i d"><div class="qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs l"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><div class="mf ab"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="l ay ao am" aria-label="Member-only story"><div class=""><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><path fill="#FFC017" d="m39.637 40.831-5.771 15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1-3.732 0l-5.771-15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.194-1.195L7.298 33.866a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0-3.732l15.87-5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.195-1.194l5.771-15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 3.732 0l5.771 15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.194 1.195l15.871 5.771a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0 3.732l-15.87 5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.195 1.194"></path></svg></div></div></div></button></div></div>5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>20</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fb66e2c0cb0b1&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40dylan_combellick%2Fukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="qt qu qv qw qx l"><div aria-label="Ukraine Update November 18"><div class=""><img alt="Ukraine Update November 18" class="bx na" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:160:106/format:webp/1*jDbxJrPV2rdyhKugAMkSvw.jpeg" width="80" height="53" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div></div><div class="qy"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><div class="mf ab"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="l ay ao am" aria-label="Member-only story"><div class=""><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><path fill="#FFC017" d="m39.637 40.831-5.771 15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1-3.732 0l-5.771-15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.194-1.195L7.298 33.866a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0-3.732l15.87-5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.195-1.194l5.771-15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 3.732 0l5.771 15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.194 1.195l15.871 5.771a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0 3.732l-15.87 5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.195 1.194"></path></svg></div></div></div></button></div></div>5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>20</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fb66e2c0cb0b1&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40dylan_combellick%2Fukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="lj bh r qz ra rb rc rd"></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="pv l"><article class=""><div class="mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="l"><div class="bh l"><div style="position:relative;display:flex" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63" tabindex="0"><div class="bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="ab"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Pedro Porto Alegre" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*wZgibvjX7HVvtxpNujVj5w@2x.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Pedro Porto Alegre</p></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ab"><div class="l pw og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo px py"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><h2 class="bf op lp lq pz qa lr ls lt qb qc lu ou jx qd qe ox oy ka qf qg pb pc kd qh qi pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">How To Write Effective Creative Briefs</h2><div class="pg"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">The “creative brief” is one of the most important documents created within agencies that, when written effectively, unlocks fields of…</h3></div></a></div><div class="h k j i d"><div class="qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs l"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><span>Nov 11</span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>2</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fe2ed95e3cf63&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40pedrohportoalegre%2Fhow-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="qt qu qv qw qx l"><div aria-label="How To Write Effective Creative Briefs"><div class=""><img alt="How To Write Effective Creative Briefs" class="bx na" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:160:106/format:webp/1*20KsIzolZtpoMh9yNYvuHQ.jpeg" width="80" height="53" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div></div><div class="qy"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><span>Nov 11</span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>2</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fe2ed95e3cf63&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40pedrohportoalegre%2Fhow-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="lj bh r qz ra rb rc rd"></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="pv l"><article class=""><div class="mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="l"><div class="bh l"><div style="position:relative;display:flex" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240" tabindex="0"><div class="bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="ab"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Roger Martin" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*T6e_YKc1VwcB0oDPFJFijA.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Roger Martin</p><div class="re rf l"><div class="ab rg"><div class="ab"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#437AFF" d="M15.163 8c0 .65-.459 1.144-.863 1.575-.232.244-.471.5-.563.719s-.086.543-.092.875c-.006.606-.018 1.3-.49 1.781-.47.481-1.15.494-1.744.5-.324.006-.655.013-.857.094s-.465.337-.704.575c-.422.412-.906.881-1.542.881-.637 0-1.12-.469-1.543-.881-.239-.238-.49-.482-.704-.575-.214-.094-.532-.088-.857-.094-.593-.006-1.273-.019-1.744-.5s-.484-1.175-.49-1.781c-.006-.332-.012-.669-.092-.875-.08-.207-.33-.475-.563-.719-.404-.431-.863-.925-.863-1.575s.46-1.144.863-1.575c.233-.244.472-.5.563-.719.092-.219.086-.544.092-.875.006-.606.019-1.3.49-1.781s1.15-.494 1.744-.5c.325-.006.655-.012.857-.094.202-.081.465-.337.704-.575C7.188 1.47 7.671 1 8.308 1s1.12.469 1.542.881c.239.238.49.481.704.575s.533.088.857.094c.594.006 1.273.019 1.745.5.47.481.483 1.175.49 1.781.005.331.011.669.091.875s.33.475.563.719c.404.431.863.925.863 1.575"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M7.328 10.5c.195 0 .381.08.519.22.137.141.215.331.216.53 0 .066.026.13.072.177a.24.24 0 0 0 .346 0 .25.25 0 0 0 .071-.177c.001-.199.079-.389.216-.53a.73.73 0 0 1 .519-.22h1.959c.13 0 .254-.053.346-.146a.5.5 0 0 0 .143-.354V6a.5.5 0 0 0-.143-.354.49.49 0 0 0-.346-.146h-1.47c-.324 0-.635.132-.865.366-.23.235-.359.552-.359.884v2.5c0 .066-.025.13-.071.177a.24.24 0 0 1-.346 0 .25.25 0 0 1-.072-.177v-2.5c0-.332-.13-.65-.359-.884A1.21 1.21 0 0 0 6.84 5.5h-1.47a.49.49 0 0 0-.346.146A.5.5 0 0 0 4.88 6v4c0 .133.051.26.143.354a.49.49 0 0 0 .347.146z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ab"><div class="l pw og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo px py"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><h2 class="bf op lp lq pz qa lr ls lt qb qc lu ou jx qd qe ox oy ka qf qg pb pc kd qh qi pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Racing to the Bottom</h2><div class="pg"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Faux ‘Low Cost’ Strategies</h3></div></a></div><div class="h k j i d"><div class="qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs l"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>9</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fce2fc7bf2240&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Frogermartin.medium.com%2Fracing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="qt qu qv qw qx l"><div aria-label="Racing to the Bottom"><div class=""><img alt="Racing to the Bottom" class="bx na" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/da:true/resize:fill:160:106/format:webp/1*eXtYmYIa-QCjP38irP2B2g.gif" width="80" height="53" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div></div><div class="qy"><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>9</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fce2fc7bf2240&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Frogermartin.medium.com%2Fracing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div><div class="lj bh r qz ra rb rc rd"></div></div></div></div></div></article></div></div></div><div class="h k"><div class="mg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn"><div class="ro"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo rw mq rx ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation"><div class="mv mw mx i d"><img alt="Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation" class="bh na ry rz sa sb sc nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1144/format:webp/1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png" loading="eager"/></div><div class="h k j my mz"><img alt="Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation" class="bh na ry rz sa sb sc nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1144/format:webp/1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png" loading="eager"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="hn ab"><img alt="Android Developers" class="na np no cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*4Tg6pPzer7cIarYaszIKaQ.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="na l no np hw n hv hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nq l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">In</p></div><div class="l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" href="https://medium.com/androiddevelopers?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Android Developers</p></a></div></div></div><div class="nz l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">by</p></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@JoseAlcerreca?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Jose Alcérreca</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox ly lz sd pa ma mb mc se pe md cm nt nu nw ny bk">Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">A significant update to our official documentation on testing strategies will help you create more robust apps across form factors.</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">1d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/androiddevelopers/test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>7</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F255973814ae3&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fandroiddevelopers%2Ftest-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---0-84----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rp"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo rw mq rx ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback"><div class="mv mw mx i d"><img alt="The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback" class="bh na ry rz sa sb sc nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1144/format:webp/1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png" loading="eager"/></div><div class="h k j my mz"><img alt="The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback" class="bh na ry rz sa sb sc nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1144/format:webp/1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png" loading="eager"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Pedro Porto Alegre" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*wZgibvjX7HVvtxpNujVj5w@2x.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Pedro Porto Alegre</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox ly lz sd pa ma mb mc se pe md cm nt nu nw ny bk">The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Objectively evaluating whether an idea or concept will best deliver on the objectives set out by the brief is key for effective crits. It’s…</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">4d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>5</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F6bfdc671c247&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40pedrohportoalegre%2Fthe-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---1-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rq"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Ukraine Update November 18"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="Ukraine Update November 18" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/1*jDbxJrPV2rdyhKugAMkSvw.jpeg" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Dylan Combellick" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*EBeefWqrgjUQzjo0qnH_RA.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Dylan Combellick</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Ukraine Update November 18</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Predictably Catastrophic Miscalculations</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><div class="mf ab"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="l ay ao am" aria-label="Member-only story"><div class=""><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><path fill="#FFC017" d="m39.637 40.831-5.771 15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1-3.732 0l-5.771-15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.194-1.195L7.298 33.866a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0-3.732l15.87-5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.195-1.194l5.771-15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 3.732 0l5.771 15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.194 1.195l15.871 5.771a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0 3.732l-15.87 5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.195 1.194"></path></svg></div></div></div></button></div></div>5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@dylan_combellick/ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>20</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fb66e2c0cb0b1&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40dylan_combellick%2Fukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---2-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rr"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="How To Write Effective Creative Briefs"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="How To Write Effective Creative Briefs" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/1*20KsIzolZtpoMh9yNYvuHQ.jpeg" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Pedro Porto Alegre" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*wZgibvjX7HVvtxpNujVj5w@2x.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Pedro Porto Alegre</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">How To Write Effective Creative Briefs</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">The “creative brief” is one of the most important documents created within agencies that, when written effectively, unlocks fields of…</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><span>Nov 11</span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@pedrohportoalegre/how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>2</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fe2ed95e3cf63&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40pedrohportoalegre%2Fhow-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---3-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rs"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Racing to the Bottom"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="Racing to the Bottom" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/1*eXtYmYIa-QCjP38irP2B2g.gif" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="Roger Martin" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*T6e_YKc1VwcB0oDPFJFijA.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Roger Martin</p><div class="re rf l"><div class="ab rg"><div class="ab"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#437AFF" d="M15.163 8c0 .65-.459 1.144-.863 1.575-.232.244-.471.5-.563.719s-.086.543-.092.875c-.006.606-.018 1.3-.49 1.781-.47.481-1.15.494-1.744.5-.324.006-.655.013-.857.094s-.465.337-.704.575c-.422.412-.906.881-1.542.881-.637 0-1.12-.469-1.543-.881-.239-.238-.49-.482-.704-.575-.214-.094-.532-.088-.857-.094-.593-.006-1.273-.019-1.744-.5s-.484-1.175-.49-1.781c-.006-.332-.012-.669-.092-.875-.08-.207-.33-.475-.563-.719-.404-.431-.863-.925-.863-1.575s.46-1.144.863-1.575c.233-.244.472-.5.563-.719.092-.219.086-.544.092-.875.006-.606.019-1.3.49-1.781s1.15-.494 1.744-.5c.325-.006.655-.012.857-.094.202-.081.465-.337.704-.575C7.188 1.47 7.671 1 8.308 1s1.12.469 1.542.881c.239.238.49.481.704.575s.533.088.857.094c.594.006 1.273.019 1.745.5.47.481.483 1.175.49 1.781.005.331.011.669.091.875s.33.475.563.719c.404.431.863.925.863 1.575"></path><path fill="#fff" d="M7.328 10.5c.195 0 .381.08.519.22.137.141.215.331.216.53 0 .066.026.13.072.177a.24.24 0 0 0 .346 0 .25.25 0 0 0 .071-.177c.001-.199.079-.389.216-.53a.73.73 0 0 1 .519-.22h1.959c.13 0 .254-.053.346-.146a.5.5 0 0 0 .143-.354V6a.5.5 0 0 0-.143-.354.49.49 0 0 0-.346-.146h-1.47c-.324 0-.635.132-.865.366-.23.235-.359.552-.359.884v2.5c0 .066-.025.13-.071.177a.24.24 0 0 1-.346 0 .25.25 0 0 1-.072-.177v-2.5c0-.332-.13-.65-.359-.884A1.21 1.21 0 0 0 6.84 5.5h-1.47a.49.49 0 0 0-.346.146A.5.5 0 0 0 4.88 6v4c0 .133.051.26.143.354a.49.49 0 0 0 .347.146z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Racing to the Bottom</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Faux ‘Low Cost’ Strategies</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">5d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rogermartin/racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>9</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fce2fc7bf2240&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Frogermartin.medium.com%2Fracing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---4-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rt"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/could-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Could The AI Energy Solution Make AI Unstoppable?"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="Could The AI Energy Solution Make AI Unstoppable?" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/0*MAQr_ZMqsGIgQWKG.jpg" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="hn ab"><img alt="DataDrivenInvestor" class="na np no cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*2mBCfRUpdSYRuf9EKnhTDQ.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="na l no np hw n hv hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nq l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">In</p></div><div class="l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" href="https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">DataDrivenInvestor</p></a></div></div></div><div class="nz l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">by</p></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@rightbraincapitalist?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Daniel Sexton</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/datadriveninvestor/could-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Could The AI Energy Solution Make AI Unstoppable?</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">The Rise of Brain-inspired AI</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><span>Nov 8</span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/datadriveninvestor/could-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>6</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2Fbfdd1bd7ad3c&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.datadriveninvestor.com%2Fcould-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---5-107----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="ru"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/better-marketing/how-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="How to Use Audience Mirroring in Your Writing (and Why)"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="How to Use Audience Mirroring in Your Writing (and Why)" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/0*e_ZjXWb3cakJxeBL" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/better-marketing?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="hn ab"><img alt="Better Marketing" class="na np no cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/1*vFOQP9InwYpkGVX87Pl93g.png" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="na l no np hw n hv hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="nq l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">In</p></div><div class="l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" href="https://medium.com/better-marketing?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Better Marketing</p></a></div></div></div><div class="nz l"><p class="bf b ga z fz">by</p></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@adrianatica?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">Adriana Tica</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/better-marketing/how-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">How to Use Audience Mirroring in Your Writing (and Why)</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">Audience mirroring is the only acceptable form of plagiarism</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp"><div class="mf ab"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="l ay ao am" aria-label="Member-only story"><div class=""><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 64 64"><path fill="#FFC017" d="m39.637 40.831-5.771 15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1-3.732 0l-5.771-15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.194-1.195L7.298 33.866a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0-3.732l15.87-5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.195-1.194l5.771-15.871a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 3.732 0l5.771 15.87a2.02 2.02 0 0 0 1.194 1.195l15.871 5.771a1.99 1.99 0 0 1 0 3.732l-15.87 5.771a2.02 2.02 0 0 0-1.195 1.194"></path></svg></div></div></div></button></div></div>6d ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/better-marketing/how-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div><div class="ab" aria-hidden="false"><div class="ab q pq"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="#6B6B6B" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill="#6B6B6B" d="M12.344 11.458A5.28 5.28 0 0 0 14 7.526C14 4.483 11.391 2 8.051 2S2 4.483 2 7.527c0 3.051 2.712 5.526 6.059 5.526a6.6 6.6 0 0 0 1.758-.236q.255.223.554.414c.784.51 1.626.768 2.512.768a.37.37 0 0 0 .355-.214.37.37 0 0 0-.03-.384 4.7 4.7 0 0 1-.857-1.958v.014z"></path></svg><span>36</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F4497142911fa&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fbettermarketing.pub%2Fhow-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---6-85----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div><div class="rv"><article class="gb"><div class="gb mf l"><div class="bh gb"><div class="gb l"><div class="hn gb mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms" role="link" data-href="https://medium.com/@noelito/embracing-complexity-29d819c83c44" tabindex="0"><div class="mt"><div aria-label="Embracing complexity"><div class="mv mw mx my mz"><img alt="Embracing complexity" class="bh na ry rz sa sf sg nc nd bx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:730/format:webp/0*FJ5qJ4AfDj3wb5n8.jpeg" loading="lazy"/></div></div></div><div class="mu ab cc db"><div class="ab db ne bh nf ng nh ni"><div class="nj nk nl nm nn ab q"><div class="cr l"><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@noelito?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---7-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div class="l hn"><img alt="noelito" class="l hh by no np cv" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:40:40/0*ruaiesHflKSA0JRo.jpeg" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy"/><div class="hv by l no np hw n ay hx"></div></div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar nr ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@noelito?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---7-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><p class="bf b ga z cm ns nt nu nv nw nx ny bk">noelito</p></a></div></div></div><div class="oa l ob oc od oe of og"><div class="oh oi oj ok ol om on oo"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/@noelito/embracing-complexity-29d819c83c44?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---7-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><div title=""><h2 class="bf op lp lq oq or lr ls lt os ot lu ou jx ov ow ox oy ka oz pa pb pc kd pd pe pf cm nt nu nw ny bk">Embracing complexity</h2></div><div class="pg l"><h3 class="bf b ph z cm pi nt nu pj nw ny fz">One of the indispensable skills for those involved in strategy is the ability to guide the organization, and even the broader local area…</h3></div></a></div></div><span class="bf b ga z fz"><div class="pk ab pl ae"><div class="ab q pp">22h ago<div class="h k j i d"><div class="hn pm do ab q"><div class="hw pn po ab q pp"><div class="ax do du l cv"></div></div><a class="hw ji po ab q pp" tabindex="-1" rel="noopener follow" href="/@noelito/embracing-complexity-29d819c83c44?source=topic_portal---recommended_stories---strategy---7-84--------------------603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"></a></div></div></div><div class="ab q pr ps"><div class="h k j i d"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fbookmark%2Fp%2F29d819c83c44&operation=register&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fnoelito.medium.com%2Fembracing-complexity-29d819c83c44&source=---recommended_stories---strategy---7-84----------------bookmark_preview----603e6e97_9151_4db5_bd19_05a8b3985c6a-------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 25 25" class="fz pt pu" aria-label="Add to list bookmark button"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18 2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 1 0V5h2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0 1H19v2.5a.5.5 0 1 1-1 0V6h-2.5a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1H18zM7 7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1H8a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a.5.5 0 0 0 .805.396L12.5 17l5.695 4.396A.5.5 0 0 0 19 21v-8.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v7.485l-5.195-4.012a.5.5 0 0 0-.61 0L7 19.985z"></path></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></span><div class="h k j i d"><div class="lj bh r me"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div></div></div><div class="sh si sj sk sl l"><a class="bf b bg z bk jc sm sn so pt sp lf gz ha hb sq sr ss he st hf hg hh bm hi hj" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/strategy/recommended?source=topic_portal------strategy-------------------------------"><div class="l hj">See more recommended stories</div></a></div></div></div><div class="l hw n je su jo sv sw"></div></div></div></div></div><script>window.__BUILD_ID__="main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639"</script><script>window.__GRAPHQL_URI__ = "https://medium.com/_/graphql"</script><script>window.__PRELOADED_STATE__ = {"algolia":{"queries":{}},"cache":{"experimentGroupSet":true,"reason":"","group":"enabled","tags":["group-edgeCacheTags","tag-strategy"],"serverVariantState":"44136fa355b3678a1146ad16f7e8649e94fb4fc21fe77e8310c060f61caaff8a","middlewareEnabled":true,"cacheStatus":"DYNAMIC","shouldUseCache":true,"vary":[],"lohpSummerUpsellEnabled":false,"publicationHierarchyEnabledWeb":false,"postBottomResponsesEnabled":false},"client":{"hydrated":false,"isUs":false,"isNativeMedium":false,"isSafariMobile":false,"isSafari":false,"isFirefox":false,"routingEntity":{"type":"DEFAULT","explicit":false},"viewerIsBot":false},"debug":{"requestId":"0ea9ba81-ebdf-47ff-8cbb-df30b5ecb471","hybridDevServices":[],"originalSpanCarrier":{"traceparent":"00-0f02b5f8e630952908d9eeda7ed8d1e6-77adc5c114a39dd1-01"}},"multiVote":{"clapsPerPost":{}},"navigation":{"branch":{"show":null,"hasRendered":null,"blockedByCTA":false},"hideGoogleOneTap":false,"hasRenderedAlternateUserBanner":null,"currentLocation":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Ftag\u002Fstrategy","host":"medium.com","hostname":"medium.com","referrer":"","hasSetReferrer":false,"susiModal":{"step":null,"operation":"register"},"postRead":false,"partnerProgram":{"selectedCountryCode":null},"queryString":"","currentHash":""},"config":{"nodeEnv":"production","version":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","target":"production","productName":"Medium","publicUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-client.medium.com\u002Flite","authDomain":"medium.com","authGoogleClientId":"216296035834-k1k6qe060s2tp2a2jam4ljdcms00sttg.apps.googleusercontent.com","favicon":"production","glyphUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fglyph.medium.com","branchKey":"key_live_ofxXr2qTrrU9NqURK8ZwEhknBxiI6KBm","algolia":{"appId":"MQ57UUUQZ2","apiKeySearch":"394474ced050e3911ae2249ecc774921","indexPrefix":"medium_","host":"-dsn.algolia.net"},"recaptchaKey":"6Lfc37IUAAAAAKGGtC6rLS13R1Hrw_BqADfS1LRk","recaptcha3Key":"6Lf8R9wUAAAAABMI_85Wb8melS7Zj6ziuf99Yot5","recaptchaEnterpriseKeyId":"6Le-uGgpAAAAAPprRaokM8AKthQ9KNGdoxaGUvVp","datadog":{"applicationId":"6702d87d-a7e0-42fe-bbcb-95b469547ea0","clientToken":"pub853ea8d17ad6821d9f8f11861d23dfed","rumToken":"pubf9cc52896502b9413b68ba36fc0c7162","context":{"deployment":{"target":"production","tag":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","commit":"7bcdc08639c179dc5172558201a3fd3abc1b5db6"}},"datacenter":"us"},"googleAnalyticsCode":"G-7JY7T788PK","googlePay":{"apiVersion":"2","apiVersionMinor":"0","merchantId":"BCR2DN6TV7EMTGBM","merchantName":"Medium","instanceMerchantId":"13685562959212738550"},"applePay":{"version":3},"signInWallCustomDomainCollectionIds":["3a8144eabfe3","336d898217ee","61061eb0c96b","138adf9c44c","819cc2aaeee0"],"mediumMastodonDomainName":"me.dm","mediumOwnedAndOperatedCollectionIds":["8a9336e5bb4","b7e45b22fec3","193b68bd4fba","8d6b8a439e32","54c98c43354d","3f6ecf56618","d944778ce714","92d2092dc598","ae2a65f35510","1285ba81cada","544c7006046e","fc8964313712","40187e704f1c","88d9857e584e","7b6769f2748b","bcc38c8f6edf","cef6983b292","cb8577c9149e","444d13b52878","713d7dbc99b0","ef8e90590e66","191186aaafa0","55760f21cdc5","9dc80918cc93","bdc4052bbdba","8ccfed20cbb2"],"tierOneDomains":["medium.com","thebolditalic.com","arcdigital.media","towardsdatascience.com","uxdesign.cc","codeburst.io","psiloveyou.xyz","writingcooperative.com","entrepreneurshandbook.co","prototypr.io","betterhumans.coach.me","theascent.pub"],"topicsToFollow":["d61cf867d93f","8a146bc21b28","1eca0103fff3","4d562ee63426","aef1078a3ef5","e15e46793f8d","6158eb913466","55f1c20aba7a","3d18b94f6858","4861fee224fd","63c6f1f93ee","1d98b3a9a871","decb52b64abf","ae5d4995e225","830cded25262"],"topicToTagMappings":{"accessibility":"accessibility","addiction":"addiction","android-development":"android-development","art":"art","artificial-intelligence":"artificial-intelligence","astrology":"astrology","basic-income":"basic-income","beauty":"beauty","biotech":"biotech","blockchain":"blockchain","books":"books","business":"business","cannabis":"cannabis","cities":"cities","climate-change":"climate-change","comics":"comics","coronavirus":"coronavirus","creativity":"creativity","cryptocurrency":"cryptocurrency","culture":"culture","cybersecurity":"cybersecurity","data-science":"data-science","design":"design","digital-life":"digital-life","disability":"disability","economy":"economy","education":"education","equality":"equality","family":"family","feminism":"feminism","fiction":"fiction","film":"film","fitness":"fitness","food":"food","freelancing":"freelancing","future":"future","gadgets":"gadgets","gaming":"gaming","gun-control":"gun-control","health":"health","history":"history","humor":"humor","immigration":"immigration","ios-development":"ios-development","javascript":"javascript","justice":"justice","language":"language","leadership":"leadership","lgbtqia":"lgbtqia","lifestyle":"lifestyle","machine-learning":"machine-learning","makers":"makers","marketing":"marketing","math":"math","media":"media","mental-health":"mental-health","mindfulness":"mindfulness","money":"money","music":"music","neuroscience":"neuroscience","nonfiction":"nonfiction","outdoors":"outdoors","parenting":"parenting","pets":"pets","philosophy":"philosophy","photography":"photography","podcasts":"podcast","poetry":"poetry","politics":"politics","privacy":"privacy","product-management":"product-management","productivity":"productivity","programming":"programming","psychedelics":"psychedelics","psychology":"psychology","race":"race","relationships":"relationships","religion":"religion","remote-work":"remote-work","san-francisco":"san-francisco","science":"science","self":"self","self-driving-cars":"self-driving-cars","sexuality":"sexuality","social-media":"social-media","society":"society","software-engineering":"software-engineering","space":"space","spirituality":"spirituality","sports":"sports","startups":"startup","style":"style","technology":"technology","transportation":"transportation","travel":"travel","true-crime":"true-crime","tv":"tv","ux":"ux","venture-capital":"venture-capital","visual-design":"visual-design","work":"work","world":"world","writing":"writing"},"defaultImages":{"avatar":{"imageId":"1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png","height":150,"width":150},"orgLogo":{"imageId":"7*V1_7XP4snlmqrc_0Njontw.png","height":110,"width":500},"postLogo":{"imageId":"bd978bb536350a710e8efb012513429cabdc4c28700604261aeda246d0f980b7","height":810,"width":1440},"postPreviewImage":{"imageId":"1*hn4v1tCaJy7cWMyb0bpNpQ.png","height":386,"width":579}},"collectionStructuredData":{"8d6b8a439e32":{"name":"Elemental","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F980\u002F1*9ygdqoKprhwuTVKUM0DLPA@2x.png","width":980,"height":159}}},"3f6ecf56618":{"name":"Forge","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F596\u002F1*uULpIlImcO5TDuBZ6lm7Lg@2x.png","width":596,"height":183}}},"ae2a65f35510":{"name":"GEN","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F264\u002F1*RdVZMdvfV3YiZTw6mX7yWA.png","width":264,"height":140}}},"88d9857e584e":{"name":"LEVEL","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*JqYMhNX6KNNb2UlqGqO2WQ.png","width":540,"height":108}}},"7b6769f2748b":{"name":"Marker","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F383\u002F1*haCUs0wF6TgOOvfoY-jEoQ@2x.png","width":383,"height":92}}},"444d13b52878":{"name":"OneZero","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*cw32fIqCbRWzwJaoQw6BUg.png","width":540,"height":123}}},"8ccfed20cbb2":{"name":"Zora","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*tZUQqRcCCZDXjjiZ4bDvgQ.png","width":540,"height":106}}}},"embeddedPostIds":{"coronavirus":"cd3010f9d81f"},"sharedCdcMessaging":{"COVID_APPLICABLE_TAG_SLUGS":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES_FOR_TOPIC_PAGE":[],"COVID_MESSAGES":{"tierA":{"text":"For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":66,"end":73,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"tierB":{"text":"Anyone can publish on Medium per our Policies, but we don’t fact-check every story. For more info about the coronavirus, see cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":37,"end":45,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Fcategories\u002F201931128-Policies-Safety"},{"start":125,"end":132,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"paywall":{"text":"This article has been made free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":56,"end":70,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":138,"end":145,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"unbound":{"text":"This article is free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":45,"end":59,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":127,"end":134,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]}},"COVID_BANNER_POST_ID_OVERRIDE_WHITELIST":["3b31a67bff4a"]},"sharedVoteMessaging":{"TAGS":["politics","election-2020","government","us-politics","election","2020-presidential-race","trump","donald-trump","democrats","republicans","congress","republican-party","democratic-party","biden","joe-biden","maga"],"TOPICS":["politics","election"],"MESSAGE":{"text":"Find out more about the U.S. election results here.","markups":[{"start":46,"end":50,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fcookpolitical.com\u002F2020-national-popular-vote-tracker"}]},"EXCLUDE_POSTS":["397ef29e3ca5"]},"embedPostRules":[],"recircOptions":{"v1":{"limit":3},"v2":{"limit":8}},"braintreeClientKey":"production_zjkj96jm_m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","braintree":{"enabled":true,"merchantId":"m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","merchantAccountId":{"usd":"AMediumCorporation_instant","eur":"amediumcorporation_EUR","cad":"amediumcorporation_CAD"},"publicKey":"ds2nn34bg2z7j5gd","braintreeEnvironment":"production","dashboardUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.braintreegateway.com\u002Fmerchants","gracePeriodDurationInDays":14,"mediumMembershipPlanId":{"monthly":"ce105f8c57a3","monthlyV2":"e8a5e126-792b-4ee6-8fba-d574c1b02fc5","monthlyWithTrial":"d5ee3dbe3db8","monthlyPremium":"fa741a9b47a2","yearly":"a40ad4a43185","yearlyV2":"3815d7d6-b8ca-4224-9b8c-182f9047866e","yearlyStaff":"d74fb811198a","yearlyWithTrial":"b3bc7350e5c7","yearlyPremium":"e21bd2c12166","monthlyOneYearFree":"e6c0637a-2bad-4171-ab4f-3c268633d83c","monthly25PercentOffFirstYear":"235ecc62-0cdb-49ae-9378-726cd21c504b","monthly20PercentOffFirstYear":"ba518864-9c13-4a99-91ca-411bf0cac756","monthly15PercentOffFirstYear":"594c029b-9f89-43d5-88f8-8173af4e070e","monthly10PercentOffFirstYear":"c6c7bc9a-40f2-4b51-8126-e28511d5bdb0","monthlyForStudents":"629ebe51-da7d-41fd-8293-34cd2f2030a8","yearlyOneYearFree":"78ba7be9-0d9f-4ece-aa3e-b54b826f2bf1","yearly25PercentOffFirstYear":"2dbb010d-bb8f-4eeb-ad5c-a08509f42d34","yearly20PercentOffFirstYear":"47565488-435b-47f8-bf93-40d5fbe0ebc8","yearly15PercentOffFirstYear":"8259809b-0881-47d9-acf7-6c001c7f720f","yearly10PercentOffFirstYear":"9dd694fb-96e1-472c-8d9e-3c868d5c1506","yearlyForStudents":"e29345ef-ab1c-4234-95c5-70e50fe6bc23","monthlyCad":"p52orjkaceei","yearlyCad":"h4q9g2up9ktt"},"braintreeDiscountId":{"oneMonthFree":"MONTHS_FREE_01","threeMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_03","sixMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_06","fiftyPercentOffOneYear":"FIFTY_PERCENT_OFF_ONE_YEAR"},"3DSecureVersion":"2","defaultCurrency":"usd","providerPlanIdCurrency":{"4ycw":"usd","rz3b":"usd","3kqm":"usd","jzw6":"usd","c2q2":"usd","nnsw":"usd","q8qw":"usd","d9y6":"usd","fx7w":"cad","nwf2":"cad"}},"paypalClientId":"AXj1G4fotC2GE8KzWX9mSxCH1wmPE3nJglf4Z2ig_amnhvlMVX87otaq58niAg9iuLktVNF_1WCMnN7v","paypal":{"host":"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.paypal.com:443","clientMode":"production","serverMode":"live","webhookId":"4G466076A0294510S","monthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-9WR0658853113943TMU5FDQA","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-7N8963881P8875835MU5JOPQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oneYearGift":{"name":"Medium Membership (1 Year, Digital Gift Code)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Gift codes can be redeemed at medium.com\u002Fredeem.","price":"50.00","currency":"USD","sku":"membership-gift-1-yr"},"oldMonthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-96U02458LM656772MJZUVH2Y","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-59P80963JF186412JJZU3SMI","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"monthlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-66C21969LR178604GJPVKUKY","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-6XW32684EX226940VKCT2MFA","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oldMonthlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-4N046520HR188054PCJC7LJI","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-7A4913502Y5181304CJEJMXQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"sdkUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.paypal.com\u002Fsdk\u002Fjs"},"stripePublishableKey":"pk_live_7FReX44VnNIInZwrIIx6ghjl","log":{"json":true,"level":"info"},"imageUploadMaxSizeMb":25,"staffPicks":{"title":"Staff Picks","catalogId":"c7bc6e1ee00f"}},"session":{"xsrf":""}}</script><script>window.__APOLLO_STATE__ = {"ROOT_QUERY":{"__typename":"Query","viewer":null,"collectionByDomainOrSlug({\"domainOrSlug\":\"medium.com\"})":null,"tagFromSlug({\"tagSlug\":\"strategy\"})":{"__ref":"Tag:strategy"},"relatedTags({\"tagSlug\":\"strategy\"})":[{"__ref":"Tag:business"},{"__ref":"Tag:marketing"},{"__ref":"Tag:startup"},{"__ref":"Tag:leadership"},{"__ref":"Tag:innovation"},{"__ref":"Tag:entrepreneurship"},{"__ref":"Tag:business-strategy"},{"__ref":"Tag:design"},{"__ref":"Tag:product-management"}]},"ImageMetadata:1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:e0a4c9469bb5":{"__typename":"User","id":"e0a4c9469bb5","name":"Jose Alcérreca","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:e0a4c9469bb5-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"JoseAlcerreca","bio":"Developer Relations Engineer @ Google, working on Android","imageId":"1*77Cp-wcWyr66fqcTY8_pWw.jpeg","membership":null},"Collection:95b274b437c2":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"95b274b437c2","slug":"androiddevelopers","name":"Android Developers","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:95b274b437c2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"domain":null,"description":"Articles on modern tools and resources to help you build experiences that people love, faster and easier, across every Android device.","subscriberCount":51945,"customStyleSheet":null,"avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*4Tg6pPzer7cIarYaszIKaQ.png"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:e0a4c9469bb5-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:e0a4c9469bb5-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:95b274b437c2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:95b274b437c2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"ImageMetadata:1*4Tg6pPzer7cIarYaszIKaQ.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*4Tg6pPzer7cIarYaszIKaQ.png"},"Post:255973814ae3":{"__typename":"Post","id":"255973814ae3","title":"Test smarter, not harder: new testing strategies documentation","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*JZHO5lsnXJ3BvUdHHbN8xA.png"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"A significant update to our official documentation on testing strategies will help you create more robust apps across form factors.","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:e0a4c9469bb5"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fandroiddevelopers\u002Ftest-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:95b274b437c2"},"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":7},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":373,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1732208584164,"latestPublishedAt":1732208584164,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":1.6437106918238993,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"test-smarter-not-harder-new-testing-strategies-documentation-255973814ae3"},"ImageMetadata:1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:8f7d183702e2":{"__typename":"User","id":"8f7d183702e2","name":"Pedro Porto Alegre","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:8f7d183702e2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"pedrohportoalegre","bio":"Strategy Director @ WJ Agency. Not your “growth hacks marketing guru”. Follow for nuanced thoughts on strategy, creativity & advertising.","imageId":"1*wZgibvjX7HVvtxpNujVj5w@2x.jpeg","membership":null},"UserViewerEdge:userId:8f7d183702e2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:8f7d183702e2-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Post:6bfdc671c247":{"__typename":"Post","id":"6bfdc671c247","title":"The Art Of Giving Effective Creative Feedback","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*R5mw584Jg8X1K1ZVrkLYMA.png"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Objectively evaluating whether an idea or concept will best deliver on the objectives set out by the brief is key for effective crits. It’s…","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:8f7d183702e2"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@pedrohportoalegre\u002Fthe-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":5},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":150,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1731975879364,"latestPublishedAt":1731975879364,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.331446540880503,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"the-art-of-giving-effective-creative-feedback-6bfdc671c247"},"ImageMetadata:1*jDbxJrPV2rdyhKugAMkSvw.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*jDbxJrPV2rdyhKugAMkSvw.jpeg","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:cbd2c86ad25f":{"__typename":"User","id":"cbd2c86ad25f","name":"Dylan Combellick","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:cbd2c86ad25f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"dylan_combellick","bio":"Retired analyst, Russian linguist, and New START inspector, father of 3, living in a van somewhere on Earth. https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002F@DylanC78","imageId":"1*EBeefWqrgjUQzjo0qnH_RA.jpeg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:0c6c61fbeedd"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:cbd2c86ad25f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:cbd2c86ad25f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:0c6c61fbeedd":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"0c6c61fbeedd"},"Post:b66e2c0cb0b1":{"__typename":"Post","id":"b66e2c0cb0b1","title":"Ukraine Update November 18","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*jDbxJrPV2rdyhKugAMkSvw.jpeg"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Predictably Catastrophic Miscalculations","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:cbd2c86ad25f"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@dylan_combellick\u002Fukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":20},"visibility":"LOCKED","clapCount":4465,"isLocked":true,"firstPublishedAt":1731933931205,"latestPublishedAt":1731939208611,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":5.037106918238994,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"ukraine-update-november-18-b66e2c0cb0b1"},"ImageMetadata:1*20KsIzolZtpoMh9yNYvuHQ.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*20KsIzolZtpoMh9yNYvuHQ.jpeg","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Post:e2ed95e3cf63":{"__typename":"Post","id":"e2ed95e3cf63","title":"How To Write Effective Creative Briefs","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*20KsIzolZtpoMh9yNYvuHQ.jpeg"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"The “creative brief” is one of the most important documents created within agencies that, when written effectively, unlocks fields of…","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:8f7d183702e2"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@pedrohportoalegre\u002Fhow-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":2},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":95,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1731363882387,"latestPublishedAt":1731363941065,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.036792452830189,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"how-to-write-effective-creative-briefs-e2ed95e3cf63"},"ImageMetadata:1*eXtYmYIa-QCjP38irP2B2g.gif":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*eXtYmYIa-QCjP38irP2B2g.gif","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:3f12bb07b95d":{"__typename":"User","id":"3f12bb07b95d","name":"Roger Martin","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:3f12bb07b95d-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":true},"customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":{"__typename":"CustomDomain","domain":"rogermartin.medium.com"}},"hasSubdomain":true,"username":"rogermartin","bio":"Professor Roger Martin is a writer, strategy advisor and in 2017 was named the #1 management thinker in world. He is also former Dean of the Rotman School.","imageId":"1*T6e_YKc1VwcB0oDPFJFijA.png","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:83dd92a4-d06b-4025-8e3e-3c445404a1b3"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:3f12bb07b95d-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:3f12bb07b95d-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:83dd92a4-d06b-4025-8e3e-3c445404a1b3":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"83dd92a4-d06b-4025-8e3e-3c445404a1b3"},"Post:ce2fc7bf2240":{"__typename":"Post","id":"ce2fc7bf2240","title":"Racing to the Bottom","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*eXtYmYIa-QCjP38irP2B2g.gif"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Faux ‘Low Cost’ Strategies","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:3f12bb07b95d"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Frogermartin.medium.com\u002Fracing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":9},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":594,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1731936323848,"latestPublishedAt":1731936323848,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.867924528301887,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"racing-to-the-bottom-ce2fc7bf2240"},"ImageMetadata:0*MAQr_ZMqsGIgQWKG.jpg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"0*MAQr_ZMqsGIgQWKG.jpg","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:bfb1c664b88b":{"__typename":"User","id":"bfb1c664b88b","name":"Daniel Sexton","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:bfb1c664b88b-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"rightbraincapitalist","bio":"@RightBrainCapitalist","imageId":"2*M8V88UOPWIheyY8pwXdPaQ.jpeg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:a2eea87c-fbbe-459f-a8b6-ae8367b07b8e"}},"Collection:32881626c9c9":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"32881626c9c9","slug":"datadriveninvestor","name":"DataDrivenInvestor","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:32881626c9c9-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"domain":"medium.datadriveninvestor.com","description":"empowerment through data, knowledge, and expertise. subscribe to DDIntel at https:\u002F\u002Fddintel.datadriveninvestor.com","subscriberCount":87499,"customStyleSheet":null,"avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*2mBCfRUpdSYRuf9EKnhTDQ.png"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:bfb1c664b88b-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:bfb1c664b88b-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:32881626c9c9-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:32881626c9c9-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:a2eea87c-fbbe-459f-a8b6-ae8367b07b8e":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"a2eea87c-fbbe-459f-a8b6-ae8367b07b8e"},"ImageMetadata:1*2mBCfRUpdSYRuf9EKnhTDQ.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*2mBCfRUpdSYRuf9EKnhTDQ.png"},"Post:bfdd1bd7ad3c":{"__typename":"Post","id":"bfdd1bd7ad3c","title":"Could The AI Energy Solution Make AI Unstoppable?","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:0*MAQr_ZMqsGIgQWKG.jpg"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"The Rise of Brain-inspired AI","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:bfb1c664b88b"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.datadriveninvestor.com\u002Fcould-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:32881626c9c9"},"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":6},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":249,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1731076844874,"latestPublishedAt":1731846364640,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":9.428616352201258,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"could-the-ai-energy-solution-make-ai-unstoppable-bfdd1bd7ad3c"},"ImageMetadata:0*e_ZjXWb3cakJxeBL":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"0*e_ZjXWb3cakJxeBL","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:b80aecace1fd":{"__typename":"User","id":"b80aecace1fd","name":"Adriana Tica","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:b80aecace1fd-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"adrianatica","bio":"Marketing strategist, trend analyst, writer. No-BS, zero-hacks marketing strategy. Free weekly advice and sign-up gift: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.adrianatica.com\u002Fnewsletter\u002F","imageId":"1*_AecmrMRqXyYGixK0tdw2A.jpeg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:aab3d93676a2"}},"Collection:ac4c2146e2f":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"ac4c2146e2f","slug":"better-marketing","name":"Better Marketing","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:ac4c2146e2f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"domain":"bettermarketing.pub","description":"A publication by and for marketers. We publish marketing inspiration, case studies, career advice, tutorials, industry news, and more.","subscriberCount":142536,"customStyleSheet":null,"avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*vFOQP9InwYpkGVX87Pl93g.png"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:b80aecace1fd-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:b80aecace1fd-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:ac4c2146e2f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:ac4c2146e2f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:aab3d93676a2":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"aab3d93676a2"},"ImageMetadata:1*vFOQP9InwYpkGVX87Pl93g.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*vFOQP9InwYpkGVX87Pl93g.png"},"Post:4497142911fa":{"__typename":"Post","id":"4497142911fa","title":"How to Use Audience Mirroring in Your Writing (and Why)","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:0*e_ZjXWb3cakJxeBL"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Audience mirroring is the only acceptable form of plagiarism","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:b80aecace1fd"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fbettermarketing.pub\u002Fhow-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:ac4c2146e2f"},"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":36},"visibility":"LOCKED","clapCount":1418,"isLocked":true,"firstPublishedAt":1731787358790,"latestPublishedAt":1731787358790,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.617924528301887,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"how-to-use-audience-mirroring-in-your-writing-and-why-4497142911fa"},"ImageMetadata:0*FJ5qJ4AfDj3wb5n8.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"0*FJ5qJ4AfDj3wb5n8.jpeg","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:52e987347b66":{"__typename":"User","id":"52e987347b66","name":"noelito","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:52e987347b66-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":{"__typename":"CustomDomain","domain":"noelito.medium.com"}},"hasSubdomain":true,"username":"noelito","bio":"Head of Policy Design, Scrutiny & Partnerships @newhamlondon #localgov Co-founder of #systemschange & #servicedesign progs. inspired by @cescaalbanese","imageId":"0*ruaiesHflKSA0JRo.jpeg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:5ec6bc0f2f5c"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:52e987347b66-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:52e987347b66-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:5ec6bc0f2f5c":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"5ec6bc0f2f5c"},"Post:29d819c83c44":{"__typename":"Post","id":"29d819c83c44","title":"Embracing complexity","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:0*FJ5qJ4AfDj3wb5n8.jpeg"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"One of the indispensable skills for those involved in strategy is the ability to guide the organization, and even the broader local area…","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:52e987347b66"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fnoelito.medium.com\u002Fembracing-complexity-29d819c83c44","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":0},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":0,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1732300326317,"latestPublishedAt":1732300326317,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":1.6528301886792451,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"embracing-complexity-29d819c83c44"},"ImageMetadata:0*HtunalNHnCL-trYB":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"0*HtunalNHnCL-trYB","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:76222f1cd20e":{"__typename":"User","id":"76222f1cd20e","name":"Brian Fink","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:76222f1cd20e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":{"__typename":"CustomDomain","domain":"thebrianfink.medium.com"}},"hasSubdomain":true,"username":"thebrianfink","bio":"Executive Recruiter. ✈ #ATL ↔ #SF ✈ Building companies is my favorite. Opinions are my own. Responsibility is freedom. 🖖","imageId":"0*eLVBcVGJK4hNzI6z.jpeg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:a5e3a810-322c-4944-b165-aea25bcb1f65"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:76222f1cd20e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:76222f1cd20e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:a5e3a810-322c-4944-b165-aea25bcb1f65":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"a5e3a810-322c-4944-b165-aea25bcb1f65"},"Post:48d26993dacc":{"__typename":"Post","id":"48d26993dacc","title":"HR and Recruiting: A Strategic Divorce in the Making","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:0*HtunalNHnCL-trYB"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Let’s tackle a conventional wisdom most organizations cling to like an iPhone: “HR and recruiting go hand-in-hand. Hire strategically…","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:76222f1cd20e"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fthebrianfink.medium.com\u002Fhr-and-recruiting-a-strategic-divorce-in-the-making-48d26993dacc","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":12},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":550,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1730378628718,"latestPublishedAt":1730378628718,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":2.811320754716981,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"hr-and-recruiting-a-strategic-divorce-in-the-making-48d26993dacc"},"ImageMetadata:1*jVnGMkGlq1zcii880naMlA.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*jVnGMkGlq1zcii880naMlA.png","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":"The image is a drawing of the human brain. It shows a tiny man at the back of the brain wearing black pants and a white shirt pulling strings from the brain — kind of like manipulation and control."},"User:157133d4ad1":{"__typename":"User","id":"157133d4ad1","name":"Neela 🌶️","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:157133d4ad1-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":true},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"neelasingh","bio":"Gen X COO With Caffeinated Opinions - #SpicyLeadership® https:\u002F\u002Flinktr.ee\u002FNeelaSingh","imageId":"1*8z6fMUOB0u60RUNSXADuSw.png","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:b1cb70e52776"}},"Collection:e3421a76bb3f":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"e3421a76bb3f","slug":"womenintechnology","name":"Women in Technology","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:e3421a76bb3f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"domain":null,"description":"Women in Tech is a publication to highlight women in STEM, their accomplishments, career lessons, and stories.","subscriberCount":1589,"customStyleSheet":null,"avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*TmgndKQmbol_5RI5phIJYA.png"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:157133d4ad1-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:157133d4ad1-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:e3421a76bb3f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:e3421a76bb3f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:b1cb70e52776":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"FRIEND","id":"b1cb70e52776"},"ImageMetadata:1*TmgndKQmbol_5RI5phIJYA.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*TmgndKQmbol_5RI5phIJYA.png"},"Post:d5b62d12b753":{"__typename":"Post","id":"d5b62d12b753","title":"Why Smart People Fail To Influence Decision Makers","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*jVnGMkGlq1zcii880naMlA.png"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Communicating Technical Insights to Non-Technical Leaders","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:157133d4ad1"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fwomenintechnology\u002Fwhy-smart-people-fail-to-influence-decision-makers-d5b62d12b753","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:e3421a76bb3f"},"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":27},"visibility":"LOCKED","clapCount":1041,"isLocked":true,"firstPublishedAt":1730807278635,"latestPublishedAt":1730807278635,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.973584905660378,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"why-smart-people-fail-to-influence-decision-makers-d5b62d12b753"},"ImageMetadata:":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:ebf62898ed47":{"__typename":"User","id":"ebf62898ed47","name":"Muhammad Ali","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:ebf62898ed47-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"ali112244","bio":"","imageId":"0*Fyg-YSvaLF-DVaMc","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:3b34a3fa4307"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:ebf62898ed47-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:ebf62898ed47-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:3b34a3fa4307":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"3b34a3fa4307"},"Post:5a7efc2b4315":{"__typename":"Post","id":"5a7efc2b4315","title":"Marketing in Today’s Economy","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"The Challenges and Opportunities of Marketing in Today’s Economy","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:ebf62898ed47"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@ali112244\u002Fmarketing-in-todays-economy-5a7efc2b4315","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":17},"visibility":"LOCKED","clapCount":267,"isLocked":true,"firstPublishedAt":1732285547116,"latestPublishedAt":1732285547116,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":1.3622641509433961,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"marketing-in-todays-economy-5a7efc2b4315"},"ImageMetadata:1*lifI8LhbyFAfOws3Gie_IA.gif":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*lifI8LhbyFAfOws3Gie_IA.gif","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Post:3eba7a225ee8":{"__typename":"Post","id":"3eba7a225ee8","title":"The Origins of Business Strategy","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*lifI8LhbyFAfOws3Gie_IA.gif"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"The Concept of Corporate Strategy & Playing to Win","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:3f12bb07b95d"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Frogermartin.medium.com\u002Fthe-origins-of-business-strategy-3eba7a225ee8","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":9},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":557,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1730719745054,"latestPublishedAt":1730719745054,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":7.807547169811321,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"the-origins-of-business-strategy-3eba7a225ee8"},"ImageMetadata:1*gpPep-Crk_7lmViwqPJ1Pg.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*gpPep-Crk_7lmViwqPJ1Pg.png","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:798a10893c3e":{"__typename":"User","id":"798a10893c3e","name":"Ágoston Török","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:798a10893c3e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":{"__typename":"CustomDomain","domain":"torokagoston.medium.com"}},"hasSubdomain":true,"username":"torokagoston","bio":"I’m CTO at Promaton. Previously, I was leading R&D at Synetiq and at Coach-AI, have a PhD in cognitive neuroscience, and did research around the globe","imageId":"0*x_b6PCWwIbaeL7_O.jpg","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:8b89c0e43ead"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:798a10893c3e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:798a10893c3e-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:8b89c0e43ead":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"8b89c0e43ead"},"Post:2e6232e4578f":{"__typename":"Post","id":"2e6232e4578f","title":"How to Draw a Strategy in 4 Steps","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*gpPep-Crk_7lmViwqPJ1Pg.png"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"One strategic picture says more than a thousand strategic words","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:798a10893c3e"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.datadriveninvestor.com\u002Fhow-to-draw-a-strategy-in-4-steps-2e6232e4578f","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:32881626c9c9"},"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":2},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":759,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1728481788074,"latestPublishedAt":1729684325446,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":9.882075471698112,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"how-to-draw-a-strategy-in-4-steps-2e6232e4578f"},"ImageMetadata:1*tno6lDhE9jOVByk3mHONsQ.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*tno6lDhE9jOVByk3mHONsQ.jpeg","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"User:a4d950f0663f":{"__typename":"User","id":"a4d950f0663f","name":"Marco Larkins","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:a4d950f0663f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":null},"hasSubdomain":false,"username":"marcolarkins","bio":"📈 From 9-5 grind to 5 figures a month online 💰 I show you how to make money with digital products ➡️ Join 70,000+ students https:\u002F\u002Fstan.store\u002Fmarcolarkins","imageId":"1*-BgIFLI70DeyVRkgfu261g.gif","membership":{"__ref":"Membership:7d89f876ca79"}},"UserViewerEdge:userId:a4d950f0663f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:a4d950f0663f-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0","isMuting":false},"Membership:7d89f876ca79":{"__typename":"Membership","tier":"MEMBER","id":"7d89f876ca79"},"Post:9a8eeef48dcf":{"__typename":"Post","id":"9a8eeef48dcf","title":"5 Psychological Hacks Billionaires Love","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*tno6lDhE9jOVByk3mHONsQ.jpeg"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"➡️ Hacks to intrigue and connect on a deeper level!","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:a4d950f0663f"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@marcolarkins\u002F5-psychological-hacks-billionaires-love-9a8eeef48dcf","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":0},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":0,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1732357887051,"latestPublishedAt":1732357887051,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":2.0097484276729563,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"5-psychological-hacks-billionaires-love-9a8eeef48dcf"},"ImageMetadata:1*-nL0aAc3anmdgzj63M0UXw.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*-nL0aAc3anmdgzj63M0UXw.png","focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Post:3e40aacd1a4b":{"__typename":"Post","id":"3e40aacd1a4b","title":"Statistical Process Control & Strategy","previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*-nL0aAc3anmdgzj63M0UXw.png"},"extendedPreviewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Being a Theory-Driven Strategist","isFullContent":false},"creator":{"__ref":"User:3f12bb07b95d"},"isPublished":true,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Frogermartin.medium.com\u002Fstatistical-process-control-strategy-3e40aacd1a4b","collection":null,"isLimitedState":false,"allowResponses":true,"postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":9},"visibility":"PUBLIC","clapCount":658,"isLocked":false,"firstPublishedAt":1729516680503,"latestPublishedAt":1729516680503,"pinnedAt":0,"readingTime":6.203773584905661,"sequence":null,"isSeries":false,"uniqueSlug":"statistical-process-control-strategy-3e40aacd1a4b"},"TagViewerEdge:tagSlug:strategy-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0":{"__typename":"TagViewerEdge","recommendedPostsFeed:(limit:15)":{"__typename":"TagFeedResult","items":[{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":84,"post":{"__ref":"Post:255973814ae3"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:6bfdc671c247"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":85,"post":{"__ref":"Post:b66e2c0cb0b1"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:e2ed95e3cf63"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":85,"post":{"__ref":"Post:ce2fc7bf2240"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:bfdd1bd7ad3c"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":85,"post":{"__ref":"Post:4497142911fa"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":84,"post":{"__ref":"Post:29d819c83c44"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:48d26993dacc"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":85,"post":{"__ref":"Post:d5b62d12b753"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":84,"post":{"__ref":"Post:5a7efc2b4315"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:3eba7a225ee8"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":85,"post":{"__ref":"Post:2e6232e4578f"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":84,"post":{"__ref":"Post:9a8eeef48dcf"}},{"__typename":"TagFeedItem","feedId":"603e6e97-9151-4db5-bd19-05a8b3985c6a","reason":107,"post":{"__ref":"Post:3e40aacd1a4b"}}]},"id":"tagSlug:strategy-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"Tag:strategy":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"strategy","normalizedTagSlug":"strategy","displayTitle":"Strategy","postCount":73232,"followerCount":4867,"viewerEdge":{"__ref":"TagViewerEdge:tagSlug:strategy-viewerId:lo_f20d8c4cfad0"},"parentTag":{"__ref":"Tag:product-management"}},"Tag:product-management":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"product-management","displayTitle":"Product Management","normalizedTagSlug":"product-management","parentTag":{"__ref":"Tag:technology"}},"Tag:technology":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"technology","displayTitle":"Technology","normalizedTagSlug":"technology"},"Tag:business":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"business","displayTitle":"Business","normalizedTagSlug":"business"},"Tag:marketing":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"marketing","displayTitle":"Marketing","normalizedTagSlug":"marketing"},"Tag:startup":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"startup","displayTitle":"Startup","normalizedTagSlug":"startup"},"Tag:leadership":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"leadership","displayTitle":"Leadership","normalizedTagSlug":"leadership"},"Tag:innovation":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"innovation","displayTitle":"Innovation","normalizedTagSlug":"innovation"},"Tag:entrepreneurship":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"entrepreneurship","displayTitle":"Entrepreneurship","normalizedTagSlug":"entrepreneurship"},"Tag:business-strategy":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"business-strategy","displayTitle":"Business Strategy","normalizedTagSlug":"business-strategy"},"Tag:design":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"design","displayTitle":"Design","normalizedTagSlug":"design"}}</script><script>window.__MIDDLEWARE_STATE__={"session":{"xsrf":""},"cache":{"cacheStatus":"HIT"}}</script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/manifest.b2314f6d.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9865.1496d74a.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/main.24534aeb.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/instrumentation.d9108df7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/reporting.ff22a7a5.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5049.d1ead72d.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/4810.6318add7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2707.b0942613.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9977.5b3eb23a.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8599.1ab63137.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5250.9f9e01d2.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6349.b071a958.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2648.26563adf.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8393.826a25fb.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7079.67349d50.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5642.a2d9f6a1.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6834.08de95de.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6882.628a1cdf.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9553.1f5c3a14.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7560.d03991bf.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/TopicPortalPage.MainContent.8c8c10e6.chunk.js"></script><script>window.main();</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e730b1e69b6a8e9',t:'MTczMjM4NDY2NS4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>