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<li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ancient</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-classical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-classical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Post-classical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-classical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Modern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Law_enforcement_shields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_enforcement_shields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Law enforcement shields</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_enforcement_shields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Component" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Component"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Component</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Component-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tactics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tactics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shield</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 86 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skild_(milit%C3%AAre_beskerming)" title="Skild (militêre beskerming) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skild (militêre beskerming)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scield" title="Scield – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Scield" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3_(%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9)" title="ترس (دفاع) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترس (دفاع)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudu" title="Escudu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escudu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalxan" title="Qalxan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qalxan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قالخان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قالخان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AEn-p%C3%A2i" title="Pîn-pâi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pîn-pâi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ҡалҡан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡалҡан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Шчыт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шчыт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%82_(%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F)" title="Шчыт (зброя) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шчыт (зброя)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Щит – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Щит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skoed_(arm)" title="Skoed (arm) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skoed (arm)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escut_(arma)" title="Escut (arma) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escut (arma)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%ADt" title="Štít – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Štít" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhoo" title="Nhoo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nhoo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skjold" title="Skjold – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skjold" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schild_(Schutzwaffe)" title="Schild (Schutzwaffe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schild (Schutzwaffe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilp" title="Kilp – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kilp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Ασπίδα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ασπίδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ваксар – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ваксар" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudo" title="Escudo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escudo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cildo" title="Ŝildo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝildo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezkutu" title="Ezkutu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezkutu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%B1" title="سپر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سپر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouclier_(arme)" title="Bouclier (arme) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bouclier (arme)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciath" title="Sciath – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sciath" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudo_(arma)" title="Escudo (arma) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escudo (arma)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aw%E1%BB%8D%CC%80yinu" title="Awọ̀yinu – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Awọ̀yinu" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%ED%8C%A8" title="방패 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="방패" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6_(%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Վահան (զինատեսակ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վահան (զինատեսակ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0tit" title="Štit – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Štit" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shildo" title="Shildo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shildo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perisai" title="Perisai – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perisai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scuto" title="Scuto – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scuto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scudo" title="Scudo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scudo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%9F" title="מגן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9b%C3%A9ng" title="Tébéng – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tébéng" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF" title="ಗುರಾಣಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗುರಾಣಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98)" title="ფარი (იარაღი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფარი (იარაღი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B)" title="Қалқан (қорғаныс жарағы) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қалқан (қорғаныс жарағы)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngao" title="Ngao – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ngao" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mertal" title="Mertal – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mertal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калкан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калкан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scutum" title="Scutum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scutum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vairogs" title="Vairogs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vairogs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skydas" title="Skydas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Skydas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguba" title="Nguba – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nguba" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajzs" title="Pajzs – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pajzs" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Штит – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Штит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="ढाल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ढाल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perisai" title="Perisai – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perisai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%A1" title="ꯆꯨꯡ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯆꯨꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schild_(militaire_bescherming)" title="Schild (militaire bescherming) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schild (militaire bescherming)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%BE" title="盾 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="盾" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skjold_(beskyttelse)" title="Skjold (beskyttelse) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skjold (beskyttelse)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skjold_til_vern" title="Skjold til vern – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Skjold til vern" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloquier" title="Bloquier – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bloquier" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalqon" title="Qalqon – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qalqon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਢਾਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਢਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9B" title="ខែល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ខែល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcza_(uzbrojenie)" title="Tarcza (uzbrojenie) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tarcza (uzbrojenie)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudo" title="Escudo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escudo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scut" title="Scut – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scut" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallqanqa" title="Wallqanqa – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wallqanqa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Щит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Щит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mburoja" title="Mburoja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mburoja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%84" title="පලිහ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පලිහ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shield" title="Shield – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shield" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%ADt_(vojenstvo)" title="Štít (vojenstvo) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Štít (vojenstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0%C4%8Dit" title="Ščit – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ščit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Штит – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Штит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0tit" title="Štit – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Štit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tam%C3%A9ng" title="Taméng – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Taméng" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilpi" title="Kilpi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kilpi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ld" title="Sköld – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sköld" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalasag" title="Kalasag – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kalasag" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கேடயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கேடயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сипар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сипар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalkan" title="Kalkan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kalkan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Item of armour carried to intercept attacks or projectiles</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the defensive device. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Shield_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Shield (disambiguation)">Shield (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shields_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Shields (disambiguation)">Shields (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Shield" title="Special:EditPage/Shield">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Shield%22">"Shield"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Shield%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Shield%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Shield%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Shield%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Shield%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_uncivilized_races_of_men_in_all_countries_of_the_world;_being_a_comprehensive_account_of_their_manners_and_customs,_and_of_their_physical,_social,_mental,_moral_and_religious_characteristics._By_(14762645001).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_uncivilized_races_of_men_in_all_countries_of_the_world%3B_being_a_comprehensive_account_of_their_manners_and_customs%2C_and_of_their_physical%2C_social%2C_mental%2C_moral_and_religious_characteristics._By_%2814762645001%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_uncivilized_races_of_men_in_all_countries_of_the_world%3B_being_a_comprehensive_account_of_their_manners_and_customs%2C_and_of_their_physical%2C_social%2C_mental%2C_moral_and_religious_characteristics._By_%2814762645001%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_uncivilized_races_of_men_in_all_countries_of_the_world%3B_being_a_comprehensive_account_of_their_manners_and_customs%2C_and_of_their_physical%2C_social%2C_mental%2C_moral_and_religious_characteristics._By_%2814762645001%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2096" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zulu_people" title="Zulu people">Zulu</a> chief Goza and two of his councillors in war-dress, all with <a href="/wiki/Nguni_shield" title="Nguni shield">Nguni shields</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1870</span>. The size of the shield on the chief's left arm denotes his status, and the white colour that he is a married man.<sup id="cite_ref-wood_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wood-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg/220px-NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg/330px-NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg/440px-NAMA_Myc%C3%A8nes_bouclier_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1464" /></a><figcaption>Wall painting depicting a <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean Greek</a> "figure eight", 15th century BC, <a href="/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Athens" title="National Archaeological Museum, Athens">National Archaeological Museum, Athens</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>shield</b> is a piece of <a href="/wiki/Personal_armour" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal armour">personal armour</a> held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry like <a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">spears</a> or long ranged projectiles such as <a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">arrows</a>. They function as means of active blocks, as well as to provide passive protection by closing one or more lines of engagement during combat. </p><p>Shields vary greatly in size and shape, ranging from large panels that protect the user's whole body to small models (such as the <a href="/wiki/Buckler" title="Buckler">buckler</a>) that were intended for hand-to-hand-combat use. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness; whereas some shields were made of relatively deep, absorbent, wooden planking to protect soldiers from the impact of <a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">spears</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crossbow" title="Crossbow">crossbow</a> bolts, others were thinner and lighter and designed mainly for deflecting blade strikes (like the <a href="/wiki/Roromaraugi" title="Roromaraugi">roromaraugi</a> or <a href="/wiki/Qauata" title="Qauata">qauata</a>). Finally, shields vary greatly in shape, ranging in roundness to angularity, proportional length and width, symmetry and edge pattern; different shapes provide more optimal protection for infantry or cavalry, enhance portability, provide secondary uses such as ship protection or as a weapon and so on. </p><p>In prehistory and during the era of the earliest civilisations, shields were made of wood, animal hide, woven reeds or <a href="/wiki/Wicker" title="Wicker">wicker</a>. In classical antiquity, the <a href="/wiki/Barbarian_Invasions" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarian Invasions">Barbarian Invasions</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, they were normally constructed of poplar tree, lime or another split-resistant timber, covered in some instances with a material such as leather or rawhide and often reinforced with a metal boss, rim or banding. They were carried by foot soldiers, knights and cavalry. </p><p>Depending on time and place, shields could be round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular, bilabial or scalloped. Sometimes they took on the form of kites or flatirons, or had rounded tops on a rectangular base with perhaps an eye-hole, to look through when used with combat. The shield was held by a central grip or by straps with some going over or around the user's arm and one or more being held by the hand. </p><p>Often shields were decorated with a painted pattern or an animal representation to show their army or clan. It was common for Aristocratic officials such and <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baron" title="Baron">barons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">kings</a> to have their shields painted with customary designs known as a <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>. These designs developed into systematized <a href="/wiki/Heraldic" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldic">heraldic</a> devices during the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a> for purposes of battlefield identification. Even after the introduction of gunpowder and firearms to the battlefield, shields continued to be used by certain groups. In the 18th century, for example, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highland" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Highland">Scottish Highland</a> fighters liked to wield small shields known as <a href="/wiki/Targe" title="Targe">targes</a>, and as late as the 19th century, some non-industrialized peoples (such as <a href="/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom" title="Zulu Kingdom">Zulu</a> warriors) employed them when waging wars. </p><p>In the 20th and 21st century, shields have been used by military and police units that specialize in anti-terrorist actions, hostage rescue, riot control and siege-breaking. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg/250px-Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg/330px-Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg/500px-Mindanao_Bangsamoro_%26_Lumad_Shields_%26_Knives.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Elaborate and sophisticated shields from the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first prototype of the shield was believed to be created in the <a href="/wiki/Late_Neolithic" title="Late Neolithic">Late Neolithic Age</a>. However the oldest surviving shields date to sometime in the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest form of shield was a protection device designed to block attacks by hand weapons, such as swords, axes and maces, or ranged weapons like sling-stones and arrows. Shields have varied greatly in construction over time and place. Sometimes shields were made of metal, but <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> or <a href="/wiki/Rawhide_(textile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawhide (textile)">animal hide</a> construction was much more common; <a href="/wiki/Wicker" title="Wicker">wicker</a> and even turtle shells have been used. Many surviving examples of metal shields are generally felt to be ceremonial rather than practical, for example the <a href="/wiki/Yetholm-type_shields" class="mw-redirect" title="Yetholm-type shields">Yetholm-type shields</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, or the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> <a href="/wiki/Battersea_Shield" title="Battersea Shield">Battersea shield</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient">Ancient</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png/250px-Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png/330px-Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png/500px-Greek_soldiers_of_Greco%E2%80%93Persian_Wars.png 2x" data-file-width="1033" data-file-height="777" /></a><figcaption>Greek soldiers of <a href="/wiki/Greco-Persian_Wars" title="Greco-Persian Wars">Greco-Persian Wars</a>. Left: Greek <a href="/wiki/Sling_(weapon)" title="Sling (weapon)">slinger</a>. Right: <a href="/wiki/Hoplite" title="Hoplite">hoplites</a>. Middle: hoplite's shield has a curtain which serves as a protection from arrows.</figcaption></figure><p> Size and weight varied greatly. <a href="/wiki/Light_infantry" title="Light infantry">Lightly armored warriors</a> relying on speed and surprise would generally carry light shields (<i>pelte</i>) that were either small or thin. <a href="/wiki/Heavy_infantry" title="Heavy infantry">Heavy troops</a> might be equipped with robust shields that could cover most of the body. Many had a strap called a <a href="/wiki/Guige" title="Guige">guige</a> that allowed them to be slung over the user's back when not in use or on horseback. During the 14th–13th century BC, the <a href="/wiki/Sherden" title="Sherden">Sards or Shardana</a>, working as <a href="/wiki/Mercenaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercenaries">mercenaries</a> for the Egyptian pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Ramses_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramses II">Ramses II</a>, utilized either large or small round shields against the <a href="/wiki/Hittites" title="Hittites">Hittites</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean Greeks</a> used two types of shields: the "figure-of-eight" shield and a rectangular "tower" shield. These shields were made primarily from a wicker frame and then reinforced with leather. Covering the body from head to foot, the figure-of-eight and tower shield offered most of the warrior's body a good deal of protection in hand-to-hand combat. The Ancient Greek <a href="/wiki/Hoplites" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoplites">hoplites</a> used a round, bowl-shaped wooden shield that was reinforced with bronze and called an <i><a href="/wiki/Aspis" title="Aspis">aspis</a></i>. The aspis was also the longest-lasting and most famous and influential of all of the ancient Greek shields.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Spartans used the aspis to create the Greek <a href="/wiki/Phalanx" title="Phalanx">phalanx</a> formation.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their shields offered protection not only for themselves but for their comrades to their left.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG/220px-Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG/330px-Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG/440px-Arch%C3%A4ologisches_Landesmuseum_Schloss_Gottorf_034.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1884" data-file-height="1780" /></a><figcaption>Two wooden round shields survived at <a href="/wiki/Thorsberg_moor" title="Thorsberg moor">Thorsberg moor</a> (3rd century AD)</figcaption></figure> <p>Examples of Germanic wooden shields circa 350 BC – 500 AD survive from <a href="/wiki/Weapons_sacrifice" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons sacrifice">weapons sacrifices</a> in Danish bogs. </p><p>The heavily armored <a href="/wiki/Roman_legionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman legionaries">Roman legionaries</a> carried large shields (<a href="/wiki/Scutum_(shield)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scutum (shield)"><i>scuta</i></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>scutum</i> had an oval shape during the early republican era, but gradually developed into the familiar rectangular shape most commonly seen in the early Imperial legions.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Romans used their shields to create a tortoise-like formation called a <a href="/wiki/Testudo_formation" title="Testudo formation"><i>testudo</i></a> in which large groups of soldiers would be enclosed in an armoured box to provide protection against missiles and to allow for approaches under heavy fire.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-classical">Post-classical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-classical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg/250px-Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg/330px-Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg/500px-Angkor_Wat.-_Battle_of_Devas_and_Asuras_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4635" data-file-height="3081" /></a><figcaption>Soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_Empire" title="Khmer Empire">Khmer Empire</a> use round shields. Located at the <a href="/wiki/Bayon" title="Bayon">Bayon</a> temple(12th/13th century).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg/220px-Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg/330px-Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg/440px-Sinjska_alka_-_shield_bearer_and_two_squires.jpg 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="1113" /></a><figcaption>Shield bearer in the Croatian 18th century <a href="/wiki/Tournament_(medieval)" title="Tournament (medieval)">tournament</a> <a href="/wiki/Sinjska_alka" title="Sinjska alka">Sinjska alka</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Typical in the early European <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> were <a href="/wiki/Viking_Age_arms_and_armour#Round_shields" title="Viking Age arms and armour">round shields</a> with light, non-splitting wood like <a href="/wiki/Little-leaf_Linden" class="mw-redirect" title="Little-leaf Linden">linden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fir" title="Fir">fir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alder" title="Alder">alder</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Populus" title="Populus">poplar</a>, usually reinforced with <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a> cover on one or both sides and occasionally metal rims, encircling a metal <a href="/wiki/Shield_boss" title="Shield boss">shield boss</a>. These light shields suited a fighting style where each incoming blow is intercepted with the boss in order to deflect it. The bosses could also be used as a secondary weapon by punching with the shield.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These shields were often used in formation forming a <a href="/wiki/Shield_wall" title="Shield wall">wall of shields</a>. The Normans later introduced the <a href="/wiki/Kite_shield" title="Kite shield">kite shield</a> around the 10th century, which was rounded at the top and tapered at the bottom. This gave some protection to the user's legs, without adding too much to the total weight of the shield. The kite shield predominantly features <a href="/wiki/Enarmes" title="Enarmes">enarmes</a>, leather straps used to grip the shield tight to the arm. Used by foot and mounted troops alike, it gradually came to replace the round shield as the common choice until the end of the 12th century, when more efficient limb armour allowed the shields to grow shorter, and be entirely replaced by the 14th century. </p><p>As body armour improved, <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knight</a>'s shields became smaller, leading to the familiar <a href="/wiki/Heater_shield" title="Heater shield">heater shield</a> style. Both kite and heater style shields were made of several layers of laminated wood,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a gentle curve in cross section. The heater style inspired the shape of the symbolic <a href="/wiki/Heraldic_shield" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldic shield">heraldic shield</a> that is still used today. Eventually, specialised shapes were developed such as the <i>bouche</i>, which had a <a href="/wiki/Lance" title="Lance">lance</a> rest cut into the upper corner of the lance side, to help guide it in combat or tournament. Free standing shields called <a href="/wiki/Pavise" title="Pavise">pavises</a>, which were propped up on stands, were used by medieval <a href="/wiki/Crossbow" title="Crossbow">crossbowmen</a> who needed protection while reloading. </p><p>In time, some armoured foot knights gave up shields entirely in favour of mobility and two-handed weapons. Other knights and common soldiers adopted the <a href="/wiki/Buckler" title="Buckler">buckler</a>, giving rise to the term "<a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler" title="Swashbuckler">swashbuckler</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The buckler is a small round shield, typically between 8 and 16 inches (20–40 cm) in diameter. The buckler was one of very few types of shield that were usually made of metal. Small and light, the buckler was easily carried by being hung from a belt; it gave little protection from missiles and was reserved for hand-to-hand combat where it served both for protection and offence. The buckler's use began in the Middle Ages and continued well into the 16th century. </p><p>In Italy, the <a href="/wiki/Targe" title="Targe">targa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parma_(shield)" title="Parma (shield)">parma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rodeleros" title="Rodeleros">rotella</a> were used by common people, fencers and even knights. The development of <a href="/wiki/Plate_armour" title="Plate armour">plate armour</a> made shields less and less common as it eliminated the need for a shield. Lightly armoured troops continued to use shields after <a href="/wiki/Men-at-arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Men-at-arms">men-at-arms</a> and knights ceased to use them. Shields continued in use even after <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a> powered weapons made them essentially obsolete on the battlefield. In the 18th century, the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_clans" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish clans">Scottish clans</a> used a small, round targe that was partially effective against the firearms of the time, although it was arguably more often used against British infantry bayonets and cavalry swords in close-in fighting. </p><p>During the 19th century, non-industrial cultures with little access to guns were still using war shields. <a href="/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom" title="Zulu Kingdom">Zulu</a> warriors carried large lightweight shields called <a href="/wiki/Nguni_shield" title="Nguni shield">Ishlangu</a> made from a single ox hide supported by a wooden spine.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was used in combination with a short spear (<a href="/wiki/Assegai#Iklwa" title="Assegai">iklwa</a>) and/or <a href="/wiki/Club_(weapon)" title="Club (weapon)">club</a>. Other African shields include <a href="/wiki/Glagwa" title="Glagwa">Glagwa</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> or <a href="/wiki/Nguba" title="Nguba">Nguba</a> from <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Congo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern">Modern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Law_enforcement_shields">Law enforcement shields</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Law enforcement shields"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG/250px-Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG/330px-Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG/500px-Police_Officer_with_balistic_shield.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="956" /></a><figcaption>Ballistic shield, <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Justice" title="National Institute of Justice">NIJ</a> Level IIIA</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_(SWCC),_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/250px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/330px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/500px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/U.S._Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Navy">U.S. Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Special_Warfare_Combatant-craft_Crewmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen">Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen</a> (SWCC) fire a <a href="/wiki/Gun_shield" title="Gun shield">gun shield</a>-equipped Minigun</figcaption></figure> <p>Shields for protection from armed attack are still used by many <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a> forces around the world. These modern shields are usually intended for two broadly distinct purposes. The first type, <a href="/wiki/Riot_shield" title="Riot shield">riot shields</a>, are used for <a href="/wiki/Riot_control" title="Riot control">riot control</a> and can be made from <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> or polymers such as polycarbonate <a href="/wiki/Lexan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexan">Lexan</a> or <a href="/wiki/Makrolon" class="mw-redirect" title="Makrolon">Makrolon</a> or boPET <a href="/wiki/Mylar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mylar">Mylar</a>. These typically offer protection from relatively large and low velocity projectiles, such as rocks and bottles, as well as blows from fists or clubs. Synthetic riot shields are normally transparent, allowing full use of the shield without obstructing vision. Similarly, metal riot shields often have a small window at eye level for this purpose. These riot shields are most commonly used to block and push back crowds when the users stand in a "wall" to block protesters, and to protect against <a href="/wiki/Fragmentation_(weaponry)" title="Fragmentation (weaponry)">shrapnel</a>, projectiles like stones and <a href="/wiki/Brick" title="Brick">bricks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molotov_cocktails" class="mw-redirect" title="Molotov cocktails">molotov cocktails</a>, and during <a href="/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat" title="Hand-to-hand combat">hand-to-hand combat</a>. </p><p>The second type of modern police shield is the bullet-resistant <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_shield" title="Ballistic shield">ballistic shield</a>, also called tactical shield. These shields are typically manufactured from advanced synthetics such as <a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a> and are designed to be <a href="/wiki/Bulletproof" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletproof">bulletproof</a>, or at least <a href="/wiki/Bullet_resistant" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullet resistant">bullet resistant</a>. Two types of shields are available: </p> <ol><li>Light level IIIA shields are designed to stop pistol cartridges.</li> <li>Heavy level III and IV shields are designed to stop rifle cartridges.</li></ol> <p>Tactical shields often have a <a href="/wiki/Firing_port" title="Firing port">firing port</a> so that the officer holding the shield can fire a weapon while being protected by the shield, and they often have a bulletproof glass viewing port. They are typically employed by specialist police, such as <a href="/wiki/SWAT" title="SWAT">SWAT</a> teams in high risk entry and siege scenarios, such as hostage rescue and breaching gang compounds, as well as in antiterrorism operations. </p><p>Law enforcement shields often have a large signs stating "POLICE" (or the name of a force, such as "US MARSHALS") to indicate that the user is a law enforcement officer.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image from Hatshepsut's expedition to Punt showing Egyptians soldiers with shields (wood/animal skin). 15th century BC. Temple of Hathor Deir el-Bahari"><img alt="Image from Hatshepsut's expedition to Punt showing Egyptians soldiers with shields (wood/animal skin). 15th century BC. Temple of Hathor Deir el-Bahari" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG/120px-Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG/180px-Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG/240px-Tempio_di_Hatshepsut_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Image from <a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut's</a> expedition to Punt showing Egyptians soldiers with shields (wood/animal skin). 15th century BC. Temple of Hathor <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Bahari" title="Deir el-Bahari">Deir el-Bahari</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A hoplite by painter Alkimachos, on an Attic red-figure vase, c. 460 BC. Shield has a curtain which serves as a protection from arrows."><img alt="A hoplite by painter Alkimachos, on an Attic red-figure vase, c. 460 BC. Shield has a curtain which serves as a protection from arrows." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg/80px-Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg/120px-Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg/160px-Warrior_Alkimachos_Painter_MAN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="2550" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A hoplite by painter Alkimachos, on an <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">red-figure</a> vase, c. 460 BC. Shield has a curtain which serves as a protection from arrows.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:38-svaghi,_lotta,_Taccuino_Sanitatis,_Casanatense_4182..jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sword and buckler (small shield) combat, plate from the Tacuinum Sanitatis illustrated in Lombardy, ca. 1390."><img alt="Sword and buckler (small shield) combat, plate from the Tacuinum Sanitatis illustrated in Lombardy, ca. 1390." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/38-svaghi%2C_lotta%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182..jpg/120px-38-svaghi%2C_lotta%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182..jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/38-svaghi%2C_lotta%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182..jpg/250px-38-svaghi%2C_lotta%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182..jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sword and buckler (small shield) combat, plate from the <i><a href="/wiki/Tacuinum_Sanitatis" title="Tacuinum Sanitatis">Tacuinum Sanitatis</a></i> illustrated in <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, ca. 1390.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_(detail_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drawing from the Codex Manesse showing jousting knights on horseback carrying shields."><img alt="Drawing from the Codex Manesse showing jousting knights on horseback carrying shields." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg/116px-Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg/173px-Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg/231px-Codex_Manesse_052r_Walther_von_Klingen_%28detail_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Drawing from the <i>Codex Manesse</i> showing <a href="/wiki/Jousting" title="Jousting">jousting</a> <a href="/wiki/Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Knights">knights</a> on horseback carrying shields.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_(Chimalli).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ceremonial shield with mosaic decoration. Aztec or Mixtec, AD 1400-1521 (British Museum)."><img alt="Ceremonial shield with mosaic decoration. Aztec or Mixtec, AD 1400-1521 (British Museum)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg/101px-Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg/151px-Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg/202px-Shield_Aztec_or_Mixtec_%28Chimalli%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2104" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ceremonial shield with mosaic decoration. <a href="/wiki/Aztec" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec">Aztec</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mixtec" title="Mixtec">Mixtec</a>, AD 1400-1521 (<a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_Aboriginal_shield.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Australian Aboriginal shield, Royal Albert Memorial Museum."><img alt="Australian Aboriginal shield, Royal Albert Memorial Museum." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Australian_Aboriginal_shield.JPG/120px-Australian_Aboriginal_shield.JPG" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Australian_Aboriginal_shield.JPG/250px-Australian_Aboriginal_shield.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1146" data-file-height="1559" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Australian Aboriginal shield, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Memorial_Museum" title="Royal Albert Memorial Museum">Royal Albert Memorial Museum</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nias_shield.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nias ceremonial shield."><img alt="Nias ceremonial shield." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nias_shield.jpg/37px-Nias_shield.jpg" decoding="async" width="37" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nias_shield.jpg/56px-Nias_shield.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nias_shield.jpg/75px-Nias_shield.jpg 2x" data-file-width="171" data-file-height="547" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nias" title="Nias">Nias</a> ceremonial shield.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hippopotamus Hide Shield from Sudan. Currently housed at Westminster College in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania."><img alt="Hippopotamus Hide Shield from Sudan. Currently housed at Westminster College in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg/120px-Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg/180px-Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg/240px-Hippopotamus_Hide_Shield2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="641" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hippopotamus Hide Shield from Sudan. Currently housed at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_College_(Pennsylvania)" title="Westminster College (Pennsylvania)">Westminster College</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Wilmington" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wilmington">New Wilmington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AHOTWbark_shield.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aboriginal bark shield collected in Botany Bay, New South Wales, during Captain Cook's first voyage in 1770 (British Museum)"><img alt="Aboriginal bark shield collected in Botany Bay, New South Wales, during Captain Cook's first voyage in 1770 (British Museum)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/AHOTWbark_shield.JPG/120px-AHOTWbark_shield.JPG" decoding="async" width="64" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/AHOTWbark_shield.JPG/250px-AHOTWbark_shield.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="1952" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aboriginal bark shield collected in <a href="/wiki/Botany_Bay" title="Botany Bay">Botany Bay</a>, New South Wales, during Captain Cook's first voyage in 1770 (British Museum) </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aspis" title="Aspis">Aspis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_shield" title="Ballistic shield">Ballistic shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battersea_Shield" title="Battersea Shield">Battersea Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckler" title="Buckler">Buckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">Escutcheon</a> (heraldic shield)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagwa" title="Glagwa">Glagwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heater_shield" title="Heater shield">Heater shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_shield" title="Human shield">Human shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_shield" title="Kite shield">Kite shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguni_shield" title="Nguni shield">Nguni shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavise" title="Pavise">Pavise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qauata" title="Qauata">Qauata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_shield" title="Riot shield">Riot shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roromaraugi" title="Roromaraugi">Roromaraugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scutum_(shield)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scutum (shield)">Scutum (shield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_boss" title="Shield boss">Shield boss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targe" title="Targe">Targe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Ethiopian_Shield" title="Western Ethiopian Shield">Western Ethiopian Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yetholm-type_shields" class="mw-redirect" title="Yetholm-type shields">Yetholm-type shields</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Component">Component</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Component"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enarmes" title="Enarmes">Enarmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guige" title="Guige">Guige</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tactics">Tactics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phalanx" title="Phalanx">Phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schiltron" title="Schiltron">Schiltron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_wall" title="Shield wall">Shield wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testudo_formation" title="Testudo formation">Testudo formation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wood-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wood_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWood1870" class="citation book cs1">Wood, J. G. (1870). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/uncivilizedraces01wood/uncivilizedraces01wood#page/114/mode/1up"><i>The uncivilized races of men in all countries of the world</i></a>. Рипол Классик. p. 115. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785878634595" title="Special:BookSources/9785878634595"><bdi>9785878634595</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+uncivilized+races+of+men+in+all+countries+of+the+world&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.date=1870&rft.isbn=9785878634595&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=J.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Funcivilizedraces01wood%2Funcivilizedraces01wood%23page%2F114%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shield">"Definition of SHIELD"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i>. 2024-11-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+SHIELD&rft.date=2024-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fshield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/Kent/shieweap/shgenex3.html#anchor1814722">"Shields: history and terminology"</a>. <i>web.prm.ox.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.prm.ox.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Shields%3A+history+and+terminology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.prm.ox.ac.uk%2FKent%2Fshieweap%2Fshgenex3.html%23anchor1814722&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientmilitary.com/spartan-weapons.htm">"Spartan Weapons"</a>. Ancientmilitary.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150817173952/http://www.ancientmilitary.com/spartan-weapons.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spartan+Weapons&rft.pub=Ancientmilitary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancientmilitary.com%2Fspartan-weapons.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientmilitary.com/spartan-military.htm">"Spartan Military"</a>. Ancientmilitary.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701232906/http://www.ancientmilitary.com/spartan-military.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spartan+Military&rft.pub=Ancientmilitary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancientmilitary.com%2Fspartan-military.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCampbellTritle2012" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Brian; Tritle, Lawrence A. (2012-12-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K6NpAgAAQBAJ&dq=roman+scutum+shield&pg=PA419"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 421. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-971955-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-971955-6"><bdi>978-0-19-971955-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Warfare+in+the+Classical+World&rft.pages=421&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012-12-10&rft.isbn=978-0-19-971955-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Tritle%2C+Lawrence+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK6NpAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Droman%2Bscutum%2Bshield%26pg%3DPA419&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2005" class="citation journal cs1">Anderson, Lisa M. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400007959">"A handbook on Roman military equipment - MICHEL FEUGÈRE, WEAPONS OF THE ROMANS (translated from the French edition [Errance 1993] by David G. Smith) (Tempus Publishing, Stroud 2002). Pp. 224, figs. 278, 1 table. ISBN 0 7524 2506 4. £19.99"</a>. <i>Journal of Roman Archaeology</i>. <b>18</b>: <span class="nowrap">701–</span>703. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1047759400007959">10.1017/s1047759400007959</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1047-7594">1047-7594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Roman+Archaeology&rft.atitle=A+handbook+on+Roman+military+equipment+-+MICHEL+FEUG%C3%88RE%2C+WEAPONS+OF+THE+ROMANS+%28translated+from+the+French+edition+%5BErrance+1993%5D+by+David+G.+Smith%29+%28Tempus+Publishing%2C+Stroud+2002%29.+Pp.+224%2C+figs.+278%2C+1+table.+ISBN+0+7524+2506+4.+%C2%A319.99.&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E701-%3C%2Fspan%3E703&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs1047759400007959&rft.issn=1047-7594&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Lisa+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%2Fs1047759400007959&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRance" class="citation web cs1">Rance, Philip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20121013035512/http://www.duke.edu/web/classics/grbs/FTexts/44/Rance2.pdf">"The Fulcum, the Late Roman and Byzantine Testudo: the Germanization of Roman Infantry Tactics?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.duke.edu</i>. p. 301. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.duke.edu/web/classics/grbs/FTexts/44/Rance2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-10-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.duke.edu&rft.atitle=The+Fulcum%2C+the+Late+Roman+and+Byzantine+Testudo%3A+the+Germanization+of+Roman+Infantry+Tactics%3F&rft.pages=301&rft.aulast=Rance&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.duke.edu%2Fweb%2Fclassics%2Fgrbs%2FFTexts%2F44%2FRance2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDickinsonHarke1999" class="citation journal cs1">Dickinson, Tanya; Harke, Heinrich (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/36748448/Early_Anglo-Saxon_Shields_1992-libre.pdf?1424759909=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DEarly_Anglo_Saxon_shields_Archaeologia_M.pdf&Expires=1743046579&Signature=gOozrAIIY-zjPrTMDkRfPLNJK-GxT5G11V2Y3lTVVPaV3Ha6wXft0RZM7FoZJ15XJFjf7BNY-ob2VBvrxZvWZpzd8xYkBWB4-RljAAG6FkhnnAWZlSFMLKKi3upca7kwP5hLoewI594X1UMky2WegoVfeosvMEHeOHkgi3AcL42ipU~vfjehDxsJXEz-DBCIIkT3LjRobpF5xi1dIj2qofE3jdkG~Lm~bN9~x2TanuwiIrHocYO6tcau8cTdVUg5710Z3TGW0~-60zFboPrnB~ap~fSPEdE2s90925En1Dvy0Cp9jQ5cLNKh94E3Hur1ixLfbRf~g-D1e9DeLv-P7w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA">"Early Anglo-Saxon Shields"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Antiquaries Journal</i>. <b>110</b>: 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85431-260-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-85431-260-9"><bdi>0-85431-260-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3409">0261-3409</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Antiquaries+Journal&rft.atitle=Early+Anglo-Saxon+Shields&rft.volume=110&rft.pages=61&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=0261-3409&rft.isbn=0-85431-260-9&rft.aulast=Dickinson&rft.aufirst=Tanya&rft.au=Harke%2C+Heinrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net%2F36748448%2FEarly_Anglo-Saxon_Shields_1992-libre.pdf%3F1424759909%3D%26response-content-disposition%3Dinline%253B%2Bfilename%253DEarly_Anglo_Saxon_shields_Archaeologia_M.pdf%26Expires%3D1743046579%26Signature%3DgOozrAIIY-zjPrTMDkRfPLNJK-GxT5G11V2Y3lTVVPaV3Ha6wXft0RZM7FoZJ15XJFjf7BNY-ob2VBvrxZvWZpzd8xYkBWB4-RljAAG6FkhnnAWZlSFMLKKi3upca7kwP5hLoewI594X1UMky2WegoVfeosvMEHeOHkgi3AcL42ipU~vfjehDxsJXEz-DBCIIkT3LjRobpF5xi1dIj2qofE3jdkG~Lm~bN9~x2TanuwiIrHocYO6tcau8cTdVUg5710Z3TGW0~-60zFboPrnB~ap~fSPEdE2s90925En1Dvy0Cp9jQ5cLNKh94E3Hur1ixLfbRf~g-D1e9DeLv-P7w__%26Key-Pair-Id%3DAPKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSYED_RAMSEY.2016" class="citation book cs1">SYED RAMSEY. (12 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/971924562"><i>Tools of war;history of weapons in ancient times</i></a>. [Place of publication not identified]: ALPHA EDITIONS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-86019-80-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-86019-80-6"><bdi>978-93-86019-80-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/971924562">971924562</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tools+of+war%3Bhistory+of+weapons+in+ancient+times.&rft.place=%5BPlace+of+publication+not+identified%5D&rft.pub=ALPHA+EDITIONS&rft.date=2016-05-12&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F971924562&rft.isbn=978-93-86019-80-6&rft.au=SYED+RAMSEY.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F971924562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hadesign.co.uk/SSA/html/buckler.htm">"The Sussex Rapier School"</a>. Hadesign.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131007034310/http://www.hadesign.co.uk/SSA/html/buckler.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-10-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sussex+Rapier+School&rft.pub=Hadesign.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hadesign.co.uk%2FSSA%2Fhtml%2Fbuckler.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rrtraders.com/Shields/zuluw.htm">"Zulu Shield (Longo)"</a>. Rrtraders.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170924223948/http://rrtraders.com/Shields/zuluw.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zulu+Shield+%28Longo%29&rft.pub=Rrtraders.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rrtraders.com%2FShields%2Fzuluw.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLepore2020" class="citation magazine cs1">Lepore, Jill (2020-07-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police">"The Invention of the Police"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-792X">0028-792X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Invention+of+the+Police&rft.date=2020-07-13&rft.issn=0028-792X&rft.aulast=Lepore&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2020%2F07%2F20%2Fthe-invention-of-the-police&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDrummond1890" class="citation journal cs1">Drummond, James (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/cfm/archway/toc.cfm?rcn=2917&vol=5">"Notes on Ancient Shields and Highland Targets"</a>. <i>Archaeologia Scotica</i>. <b>5</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaeologia+Scotica&rft.atitle=Notes+on+Ancient+Shields+and+Highland+Targets&rft.volume=5&rft.date=1890&rft.aulast=Drummond&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fads.ahds.ac.uk%2Fcfm%2Farchway%2Ftoc.cfm%3Frcn%3D2917%26vol%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShield" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Schulze, André(Hrsg.): <i>Mittelalterliche Kampfesweisen. Band 2: Kriegshammer, Schild und Kolben</i>. – Mainz am Rhein. : Zabern, 2007. – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8053-3736-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-8053-3736-1">3-8053-3736-1</a></li> <li>Snodgrass, A.M. "Arms and Armour of the Greeks." Cornell University Press, 1967</li> <li>"The Hoplite." The Classical Review, 61. 2011.</li> <li>Hellwag, Ursula. "Shield(s)." <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Aethiopica" title="Encyclopaedia Aethiopica">Encyclopaedia Aethiopica</a></i>, Siegbert Uhllig (ed.), vol. 4, 650–651. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shield&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shields" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shields">Shields</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/120px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/shield" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/shield">shield</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myarmoury.com/feature_shield.html">Myarmoury.com</a>, The Shield: An Abridged History of its Use and Development.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baronage.co.uk/1999/herart01.html">Baronage.co.uk</a>, The Shape of the Shield in heraldry.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.era.anthropology.ac.uk/Era_Resources/Era/Pitt_Rivers/shieweap/shgenex3.html">Era.anthropology.ac.uk</a>, Shields: History and Terminology, Anthropological Analysis.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hadesign.co.uk/SSA/html/buckler.htm">Hadesign.co.uk</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131007034310/http://www.hadesign.co.uk/SSA/html/buckler.htm">Archived</a> 2013-10-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Buckler, The Sussex Rapier School.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.jp/asahi/luke/ueda-sarson/Greek_shield_patterns_1.html">Classical Greek Shield Patterns</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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