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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-寫作年代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#寫作年代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>寫作年代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-寫作年代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-春秋與左傳的關係" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#春秋與左傳的關係"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>春秋與左傳的關係</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-春秋與左傳的關係-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-史学地位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#史学地位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>史学地位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-史学地位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文學風格" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文學風格"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>文學風格</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文學風格-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc--{注疏}-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#-{注疏}-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>注疏</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc--{注疏}--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-評價" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#評價"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>評價</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-評價-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-体例" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#体例"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>体例</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-体例-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>參看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>注釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-研究参考书目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究参考书目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>研究参考书目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-研究参考书目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">左传</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。28种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تسوه جوهان – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تسوه جوهان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%DB%86_%DA%98%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زوۆ ژوان – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زوۆ ژوان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuo%C5%AFv_koment%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Cuoův komentář – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cuoův komentář" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuozhuan" title="Zuozhuan – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zuozhuan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%88_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="سالنامه بهار و پاییز – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سالنامه بهار و پاییز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuozhuan" title="Zuozhuan – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Zuozhuan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co_csuan" title="Co csuan – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Co csuan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_zhuan" title="Zuo zhuan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zuo zhuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E4%BC%9D" title="春秋左氏伝 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="春秋左氏伝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94%EC%A2%8C%EC%94%A8%EC%A0%84" title="춘추좌씨전 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="춘추좌씨전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commentaar_van_mijnheer_Zuo_op_de_Lente-_en_herfstannalen" title="Commentaar van mijnheer Zuo op de Lente- en herfstannalen – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Commentaar van mijnheer Zuo op de Lente- en herfstannalen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuozhuan" title="Zuozhuan – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Zuozhuan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuozhuan" title="Zuozhuan – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zuozhuan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%BE_%D1%87%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Цзо чжуань – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цзо чжуань" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuo_%C4%8Duan" title="Cuo čuan – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cuo čuan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzuo_D%C5%BEuan" title="Dzuo Džuan – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dzuo Džuan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" title="Zuo Zhuan – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Zuo Zhuan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%BE_%D1%87%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Цзо чжуань – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цзо чжуань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%A3_truy%E1%BB%87n" title="Tả truyện – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tả truyện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0" title="左传 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="左传" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B" title="左氏春秋 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="左氏春秋" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhun-chhiu_Ch%C3%B3--s%C4%AB_To%C4%81n" title="Chhun-chhiu Chó--sī Toān – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#cedeff;">左传</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">全名：《<b>春秋左氏传</b>》</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3.jpg/220px-%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%82%B3.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">原名</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">《<b>左氏春秋</b>》</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">作者</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">可能是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時期">春秋</a>末期的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AE%98" title="史官">史官</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%98%E6%98%8E" title="左丘明">左丘明</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">类型</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="史书">史书</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87" title="文言文">文言文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="汉语">中文</a><br />文字：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97" title="汉字">汉字</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">成书年代</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時期">春秋</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#cedeff;;">發行信息</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">连载状态</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">卷數：三十五卷</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出版地點</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>《<b>左传</b>》，全称《<b>春秋左氏传</b>》，原名《<b>左氏春秋</b>》，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%9C%9D" title="汉朝">汉朝</a>时又名《<b>春秋左氏</b>》、《<b>春秋內傳</b>》、《<b>左氏</b>》等，是一部<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E5%B9%B4%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="編年體">編年體</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="史書">史書</a>，記錄<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="古中国">古中國</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時期">春秋時期</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F" title="中原">中原</a>各國的歷史<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，自公元<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D722%E5%B9%B4" title="前722年">前722年</a>至<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D468%E5%B9%B4" title="前468年">前468年</a>，共255年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時代">春秋時代</a>歷史，分三十五卷，《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%B6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="十三經">十三經</a>》中篇幅最長，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" title="四庫全書">四庫全書</a>中為經部。 </p><p>傳統認為其作者為春秋時期<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="魯國">魯國</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%98%E6%98%8E" title="左丘明">左丘明</a>，年代與<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90" title="孔子">孔子</a>相當，寫作目的是為《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B_(%E5%8F%B2%E4%B9%A6)" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋 (史书)">春秋</a>》做注解，与《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%BE%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="公羊传">公羊传</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E6%A2%81%E5%82%B3" title="穀梁傳">穀梁傳</a>》合称“<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E4%B8%89%E5%82%B3" title="春秋三傳">春秋三传</a>”。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="寫作年代"><span id=".E5.AF.AB.E4.BD.9C.E5.B9.B4.E4.BB.A3"></span>寫作年代</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：寫作年代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《左传》相传是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時期">春秋</a>末期的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AE%98" title="史官">史官</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%98%E6%98%8E" title="左丘明">左丘明</a>所著。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="司马迁">司马迁</a>首先认为《左传》是左丘明所写<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，自<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%90%91" class="mw-redirect" title="劉向">劉向</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B4%E9%A7%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="裴駰">裴駰</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%AD%86" class="mw-redirect" title="劉歆">劉歆</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E8%AD%9A" title="桓譚">桓譚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%9B%BA" title="班固">班固</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>皆以《左傳》出於左丘明<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%9F%A5%E5%87%A0" title="刘知几">刘知几</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E9%80%9A" title="史通">史通</a>·六家》亦稱：“左传家者，其先出于左丘明。”<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E6%98%80" class="mw-redirect" title="纪昀">纪昀</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="四庫全書總目">四库全书总目</a>》中仍然认为是左丘明所著。 </p><p>唐朝的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%8C%A1" title="赵匡">赵匡</a>首先怀疑《左传》不是左丘明所作。此后，有许多<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85" title="学者">学者</a>也持怀疑态度。很多人都认为写《左传》的左氏并非左丘明。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%A2%A6%E5%BE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="叶梦得">叶梦得</a>认为作者为<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="戰國 (中國)">战国</a>时人<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E6%A8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="郑樵">郑樵</a>《六经奥论》认为是<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="战国">战国</a>时的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="楚國">楚國</a>人<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%86%B9" title="朱熹">朱熹</a>认为是楚<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="左史">左史</a>倚相之后<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%96" title="项安世">项安世</a>认为是<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="魏國">魏國</a>人所作；<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E7%AB%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="程端学">程端学</a>认为是伪书。明朝的<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%9D%E6%95%AC" title="郝敬">郝敬</a>認為是<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="晉國">晉國</a>人。<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E9%80%A2%E7%A6%84" class="mw-redirect" title="刘逢禄">刘逢禄</a>《左氏春秋考证》认为是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="西漢">西漢</a>末<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%AD%86" title="刘歆">刘歆</a>所作，並說《左氏春秋》是与《<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B" title="晏子春秋">晏子春秋</a>》等类似的史书。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%BA" title="康有为">康有为</a>亦认为是刘歆所作<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E7%A9%86" title="錢穆">錢穆</a>在《刘向歆父子年表》中指出不可能是刘歆的作品<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。錢穆與<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%A4%AA%E7%82%8E" title="章太炎">章太炎</a>認為《左传》的成書與<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="衛國">衛國</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-disambig" title="左氏">左氏</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7" title="吴起">吴起</a>有關，甚至就是吳起所著，今人<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A5%E4%B9%A6%E4%B8%9A" title="童书业">童书业</a>亦认为是吳起所作，<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E6%B2%AB%E8%8B%A5" title="郭沫若">郭沫若</a>也主张《左传》成书于吴起<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%B5%E5%85%89%E8%B4%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赵光贤（页面不存在）">赵光贤</a>认为是战国时<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国</a>人左氏所作。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E8%81%9A%E8%B3%A2" title="衛聚賢">衛聚賢</a>認為《左傳》作者是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%8F" title="子夏">子夏</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。现在一般认为《左传》非一时一人所作<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，成书时间大约在前375年至前351年<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="战国">战国</a>中期），是由战国时的一些学者编撰而成<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E8%BF%B0" title="崔述">崔述</a>主张“上距定、哀未远，亦不得以为战国后人也”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="浙江大学">浙江大学</a>收藏的《左传》公布后，并没有解决《左传》的成书年代，反而在浙江大学收藏的竹简真伪问题上引发了多方笔战。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>宋人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%A0%97" title="林栗">林栗</a>说：“《左传》凡言君子曰是刘歆之辞。”<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%B8%AB%E5%9F%B9" title="劉師培">劉師培</a>則論證「君子曰」以下之文，並非劉歆增益，並指戰國諸子、史記作者皆讀過左傳<sup id="cite_ref-君子曰_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-君子曰-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>日本學者<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%8A%BF%E9%9A%86%E9%83%8E" title="平势隆郎">平勢隆郎</a>根據《左傳》中提及的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a>記錄，對應到<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%83" title="公元">公元</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D353%E5%B9%B4" title="前353年">前353年</a>至<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D271%E5%B9%B4" title="前271年">前271年</a>的星象，認為左傳寫作日期應在這個期間，偽託為左丘明所作，其立場反對齊國，對《公羊傳》多所批評，作者可能來自鄭國，寫作年代應晚於《公羊傳》，早於《穀梁傳》<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="春秋與左傳的關係"><span id=".E6.98.A5.E7.A7.8B.E8.88.87.E5.B7.A6.E5.82.B3.E7.9A.84.E9.97.9C.E4.BF.82"></span>春秋與左傳的關係</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：春秋與左傳的關係"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《左传》以《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B_(%E5%8F%B2%E6%9B%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋 (史書)">春秋</a>》为本，並采用《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E5%BF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="周志（页面不存在）">周志</a>》、《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%89%E4%B9%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晉乘（页面不存在）">晉乘</a>》、《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%84%AD%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鄭書（页面不存在）">鄭書</a>》、《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A5%9A%E6%AA%AE%E6%9D%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="楚檮杌（页面不存在）">楚檮杌</a>》等<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="列国">列国</a>资料，通过记述<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="春秋时期">春秋时期</a>的具体史实来说明《春秋》的纲目。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7" title="司馬遷">司馬遷</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E8%AF%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="十二诸侯年表">十二诸侯年表</a>》说：“鲁君子左丘明惧弟子人人异端，各安其意，失其真，故因孔子史记具论其语，成左氏春秋。”<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E8%B0%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="桓谭">桓谭</a>《新论》进一步认为：“《左氏》经之与传，犹衣之表裡，相持而成，经而无传，使圣人闭门思之十年不能知也。”<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E4%BC%AF%E5%B3%BB" title="杨伯峻">杨伯峻</a>在《左传》一文中归结《左传》传《春秋》的方式共有四种：即“说明《春秋》书法、用事实补充《春秋》、订正《春秋》的错误和增加无经的传文。” </p><p>另有一种观点认为《左传》是一部独立的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="史书">史书</a>，和《春秋》没有直接的联系，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E6%96%87%E7%BB%8F" title="今文经">今文经</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%A3%AB_(%E5%AE%98%E8%81%B7)" title="博士 (官職)">博士</a>即“谓《左氏》为不传《春秋》”<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%99%8B" title="西晋">西晋</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%8E%A5_(%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="王接 (晋朝)">王接</a>说：“接常谓《左氏》辞义赡富，自是一家书，不主为经发；《公羊》附经立传，经所不书，传不妄发，于文为俭，通经为长。”<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%95%86" title="陈商">陈商</a>说：“<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90" title="孔子">孔聖</a>修經，褒貶善惡，類例分明，法家流也；左丘明為魯史，載述時政，惜忠賢之泯滅，恐善惡之失墜，以日繫月，修其職官，本非扶助聖言，緣飾經旨，蓋太史氏之流也。舉其《春秋》，則明白而有實；合之《左氏》，則叢雜而無徵。杜元凱曾不思夫子所以為經，當與《詩》、《書》、《周易》等列；丘明所以為史，當與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7" title="司馬遷">司馬遷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%9B%BA" title="班固">班固</a>等列，取二義乖剌不侔之語，參而貫之，故微旨有所未周，琬章有所未一。”<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>清人<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E9%80%A2%E7%A6%84" class="mw-redirect" title="刘逢禄">刘逢禄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E9%94%A1%E7%91%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="皮锡瑞">皮锡瑞</a>均认为《左传》是一部独立的史书，皮锡瑞在《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E5%AD%B8%E9%80%9A%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經學通論（页面不存在）">經學通論</a>·春秋》充分肯定了<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%8E%A5_(%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="王接 (晋朝)">王接</a>之说，並且引用<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%8E%8A%E5%85%AC" title="魯莊公">庄公</a>二十六年《传》：“秋，虢人侵晋。冬，虢人又侵晋。”<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A2%84" title="杜预">杜预</a>《集解》云：“此年《经》、《传》各自言其事者，或《经》是直文，或策书虽存而简牍散落，不究其本末，故《传》不复申解，但言传事而已。”。《左传》有不少解经的内容，例如“君子曰”、“五十凡”<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等，但很明显是加工的痕迹，多数都没有与传文融为一体。《春秋》的一些经文没有相应的《左传》传文，例如《春秋·<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%9A%90%E5%85%AC" title="鲁隐公">隐公</a>二年》：“十有二月乙卯，夫人子氏薨。”杜预注：“无传。”《左传》的传文没有相应的《春秋》经文，例如《左传·<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%A5%84%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="魯襄公">襄公</a>十五年》：“（冬）郑公孙夏如晋奔丧，子蟜送葬。”此条无相应的《春秋》经文。亦有“《经》、《传》不尽同”“《经》後之《传》”者。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="史学地位"><span id=".E5.8F.B2.E5.AD.A6.E5.9C.B0.E4.BD.8D"></span>史学地位</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：史学地位"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>晋人王接说：“《左氏》辞义赡富，自是一家书，不主为经发。”《左传》代表了先秦史学的最高成就，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%BE%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="贺循">贺循</a>将其评价为“左氏之传，史之极也，文采若云月，高深若山海”<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，是研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E7%A7%A6" title="先秦">先秦</a>历史和<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="春秋时期">春秋时期</a>历史的重要文献，对后世的史学产生了很大影响，特别是对确立编年体史书的地位起了很大作用。而且由于它具有强烈的<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6" title="儒家">儒家</a>思想倾向，强调等级秩序与<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="宗法">宗法</a>伦理，重视长幼尊卑之别，同时也表现出“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民本（页面不存在）">民本</a>”思想，因此也是研究先秦<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="儒家思想">儒家思想</a>的重要史料。 </p><p>《左传》主要记录了<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周</a>王室的衰微，<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E4%BE%AF" title="诸侯">诸侯</a>争霸的历史，对各类礼仪规范、典章制度、社会风俗、民族关系、道德观念、天文地理、历法时令、古代文献、神话传说、歌谣言语均有记述和评论。《左传》好讲预测，一些预测的事情都很靈驗，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%8E%8A%E5%85%AC" title="魯莊公">庄公</a>二十二年记载，<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%9B%BD" title="陈国">陈国</a>大夫懿氏占卜嫁女给陈国公子<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%AE%8C" title="陈完">陈完</a>很吉利，“八世之后，莫之与京”，陈完的子孙在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="齊國">齊國</a>果然日益强大，直至<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E6%B0%8F%E4%BB%A3%E9%BD%90" title="田氏代齐">田氏代齊</a>。《左传》又能断言<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="鄭國">鄭國</a>先亡<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="東晉">晉</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E7%94%AF" title="范甯">范甯</a>評《春秋》三傳的特色說：“《左氏》艷而富，其失也巫（指多敘<a href="/wiki/%E9%AC%BC%E7%A5%9E" title="鬼神">鬼神</a>之事）。《穀梁》清而婉，其失也短。《公羊》辯而裁，其失也俗。”<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%84%88" title="韩愈">韩愈</a>说：“《春秋》谨严，《左氏》浮夸”。 </p><p>《左传》在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉</a>时期已有流传，<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%8E%BD" title="王莽">王莽</a>本人即好《左传》，並立于<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="学官">学官</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，著名的學者有<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%85%83_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%BC%A2)" title="陳元 (東漢)">陈元</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E4%BC%97" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="郑众">郑众</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E9%80%B5_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%BC%A2)" class="mw-redirect" title="賈逵 (東漢)">賈逵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%9E%8D" class="mw-disambig" title="马融">马融</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E7%AC%83" title="延笃">延笃</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BB%B2%E5%8D%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彭仲博（页面不存在）">彭仲博</a>等人<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。晉朝<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A2%84" title="杜预">杜预</a>自稱有“左傳癖”。<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>自幼愛《左傳》，“自幼至老，嗜之不厭”，常“手不释书，至不知饥渴寒暑”，司馬光撰寫《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91" title="資治通鑑">資治通鑑</a>》，亦是承接《左傳》“因丘明<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E5%B9%B4%E4%BD%93" title="编年体">编年</a>之体，仿<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E6%82%85" class="mw-redirect" title="荀悅">荀悅</a>簡要之文”。<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E7%82%B3%E9%BA%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="章炳麟">章炳麟</a>说：“《通鉴》于可以发议论者，著以臣光之论断，此盖仿《左传》君子曰之例”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文學風格"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.AD.B8.E9.A2.A8.E6.A0.BC"></span>文學風格</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：文學風格"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《左傳》長於<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="敘事">敘事</a>，富於情節和故事性和戲劇性，善於描寫細節，如寫<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="晉國">晉</a>公子<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E8%80%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="重耳">重耳</a>出亡及返國經過，選材佈局均屬恰當。《左傳》亦善於刻劃人物性格，如<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E7%94%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="子產">子產</a>的善於辭令，敢作敢為；<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%85%83" title="華元">華元</a>的庸懦無能，待人寬厚；<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E7%8E%89" class="mw-disambig" title="子玉">子玉</a>的驕橫；<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E8%8E%8A%E5%85%AC" title="鄭莊公">鄭莊公</a>的凶殘偽善等，描敘生動逼真。 </p><p>《左傳》特別善於描寫<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="戰爭">戰爭</a>，如秦晉的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%8E%9F%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="韩原之战">韓原之戰</a>、晉楚<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E6%BF%AE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="城濮之戰">城濮之戰</a>、秦晉<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="殽之戰">殽之戰</a>、晉楚<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="邲之戰">邲之戰</a>、齊晉<a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%8D%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鞍之戰">鞍之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E8%88%89%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="柏舉之戰">柏舉之戰</a>等。<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%95%9F%E8%B6%85" class="mw-redirect" title="梁啟超">梁啟超</a>說：「其記事文對於極複雜之事項，一如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五大戰役（页面不存在）">五大戰役</a>等，綱領提絜得極嚴謹而分明，情節敘述得委曲而簡潔，可謂極技術之事。」<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>《左傳》文辭精煉，能用委婉曲折的文筆，表達當日巧妙的詞令，如<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E7%9B%B8" title="吕相">呂相</a>絕秦，<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%AD%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%A6" title="燭之武">燭之武</a>退秦師，<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A7%E5%AD%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="臧孫">臧孫</a>諫君納鼎，<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A7%E5%83%96%E4%BC%AF" title="臧僖伯">臧僖伯</a>諫君觀漁，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E6%9C%AD" title="季札">季札</a>觀樂、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%99%E6%BB%A1" title="王孙满">王孫滿</a>論鼎。<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%95%9F%E8%B6%85" class="mw-redirect" title="梁啟超">梁啟超</a>說：「其記言文淵懿美茂生氣勃勃，後此亦殆未有其比。」<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>《左传》也是一部优秀的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="文學">文學</a>著作，历来研究者常把它和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>》并称，尊为历史<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87" title="散文">散文</a>之祖，“文之有<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%98%E6%98%8E" title="左丘明">左</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7" title="司馬遷">馬</a>犹书之有<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BE%B2%E4%B9%8B" title="王羲之">羲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%8D%BB%E4%B9%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="王獻之">獻</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E5%AD%90" title="荀子">荀子</a>》一书对《左传》的引用頗多<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。《左传》尤长于记述<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="战争">战争</a>，故有人稱之為“相砍書”（相斫書）<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，又善于刻画人物，重视记录辞令。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="-{注疏}-"><span id="-.7B.E6.B3.A8.E7.96.8F.7D-"></span>注疏</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：注疏"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E5%B7%A6%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%BB%E7%96%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="春秋左傳註疏（页面不存在）">春秋左傳註疏</a></b>》：西晉<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A0%90" class="mw-redirect" title="杜預">杜預</a>註《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E7%B6%93%E5%82%B3%E9%9B%86%E8%A7%A3" title="春秋經傳集解">春秋經傳集解</a>》；唐<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E7%A9%8E%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="孔穎達">孔穎達</a>疏《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="春秋正義（页面不存在）">春秋正義</a>》六十卷。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%B6%93%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9" title="五經正義">五經正義</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%B6%93%E6%B3%A8%E7%96%8F" title="十三經注疏">十三經注疏</a>之一。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="評價"><span id=".E8.A9.95.E5.83.B9"></span>評價</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：評價"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>東漢《公羊》學者<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%82%B2_(%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6)" title="李育 (儒家)">李育</a>以為《左氏》“雖有文采而不得聖人深意攻之，以为前世陈元、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%8D%87" title="范升">范升</a>之徒更相非折，而多引图谶，不据理体，于是作《难左氏义》四十一事”。<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%BE%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="贺循">贺循</a>：“左氏之传，史之极也。文采若云月，高深若山海。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E7%94%AF" title="范甯">范甯</a>：“左氏艳而富，其失也巫。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%9F%A5%E5%87%A0" title="刘知几">刘知几</a>：“寻左氏载诸大夫词令，行人应答，其文典而美，其语博而奥；述远古则委曲如存，徵近代则循环可覆。必料其功用厚薄，指意深浅。谅非经营草创，出自一时；琢磨润色，独成一手。斯盖当时国史，已有成文，丘明但编而次之，配经称传而行也。”<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>刘知几：“左氏之叙事也，述行师则簿领盈视，聒沸腾；论备火则区分在目，修饰峻整；言胜捷则收获都尽，记奔败则披靡横前，申盟誓则慷慨有余，称谲诈则欺诬可见，谈恩惠则煦如春日，纪严切则凛若秋霜，叙兴邦则滋味无量，陈亡国则凄凉可悯。或腴辞润简牍，或美句入咏歌。跌宕而不群，纵横而自得，若斯才者，殆将工侔造化，思涉鬼神，著述罕闻，古今卓绝。<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%BE%A1%E8%A6%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a>》六百十引<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E8%AD%9A" title="桓譚">桓譚</a>《新論》曰：“左氏經之與傳，猶衣之表裡，相待而成，有經而無傳，使聖人閉門思之，十年不能之也。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%86%B9" title="朱熹">朱熹</a>认为《左传》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>》只是二、三等著作。又说“左氏之病是以成败论是非而不本于义理之正”<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E7%BB%A3" title="左绣">左绣</a>》：“左氏叙事、述言、论断，色色精绝，固不待言，乃其妙尤在无字句处。凡声情意态，缓者缓之，急者急之，喜怒曲直莫不逼肖，笔有化工。若只向字句临摹，便都不见得。”<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%86%99%E8%BD%BD" title="刘熙载">刘熙载</a>：“左氏叙事，纷者整之，孤者辅之，板者活之，直者婉之，俗者雅之，枯者腴之，剪裁运化之方，斯为大备。”<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%90%AF%E8%B6%85" title="梁启超">梁启超</a>：“《左传》文章优美，其记事文对于极复杂之事项──如五大战役等，纲领提挈得极严谨而分明，情节叙述得极委曲而简洁，可谓极技术之能事。其记言文渊懿美茂，而生气勃勃，后此亦殆未有其比。又其文虽时代甚古，然无佶屈聱牙之病，颇易诵习。故专以学文为目的，《左传》亦应在精读之列也。”<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="体例"><span id=".E4.BD.93.E4.BE.8B"></span>体例</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：体例"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>按照<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国</a>十二公的顺序，从<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%9A%90%E5%85%AC" title="鲁隐公">鲁隐公</a>元年到<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%93%80%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="鲁哀公">鲁哀公</a>二十七年，总计255年，记录了当时各<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="诸侯国">诸侯国</a>的历史。全书约18万字。 </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E9%9A%B1%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="魯隱公">魯隱公</a>：11年（前722年－前712年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%A1%93%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="魯桓公">魯桓公</a>：18年（前711年－前694年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%8E%8A%E5%85%AC" title="魯莊公">魯莊公</a>：32年（前693年－前662年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%94%E5%85%AC" title="魯閔公">魯閔公</a>：2年（前661年－前660年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%83%96%E5%85%AC" title="魯僖公">魯僖公</a>：33年（前659年－前627年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC" title="魯文公">魯文公</a>：18年（前626年－前609年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%AE%A3%E5%85%AC" title="魯宣公">魯宣公</a>：18年（前608年－前591年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%88%90%E5%85%AC" title="魯成公">魯成公</a>：18年（前590年－前573年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%A5%84%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="魯襄公">魯襄公</a>：31年（前572年－前542年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%98%AD%E5%85%AC" title="魯昭公">魯昭公</a>：32年（前541年－前510年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%AC" title="魯定公">魯定公</a>：15年（前509年－前495年）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%93%80%E5%85%AC" title="魯哀公">魯哀公</a>：27年（前494年－前468年）</li> <li>书末附<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%82%BC%E5%85%AC" title="魯悼公">魯悼公</a>年間<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E4%BC%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="智伯">智伯</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E9%99%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="晉陽之戰">灭亡</a>一事</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參看"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E7.9C.8B"></span>參看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%98%E6%98%8E" title="左丘明">左丘明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" title="四庫全書">四庫全書</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="國語 (書)">國語</a></li> <li><b>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B_(%E4%B9%A6)" title="春秋 (书)">春秋</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E4%B8%89%E5%82%B3" title="春秋三傳">三傳</a>》</b>：<b>《左傳》</b>、<b>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E6%A2%81%E5%82%B3" title="穀梁傳">穀梁傳</a>》</b>、<b>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%BE%8A%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="公羊傳">公羊傳</a>》</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注釋"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8B"></span>注釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：注釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinesewords.org/dict/102113-834.html#fromapp">左傳詞語解釋</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-03-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201115091536/http://www.chinesewords.org/dict/102113-834.html#fromapp">存档</a>于2020-11-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E5%B7%A6%E5%82%B3%E8%A9%9E%E8%AA%9E%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinesewords.org%2Fdict%2F102113-834.html%23fromapp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180313153834/http://www.xjyw.gov.cn/ywgz?contentId=5544f2de5f7d45708d31907516465db7&navToId=1d09171991c04352a768543c5caf54f3">汉族语言文字</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-03-13</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xjyw.gov.cn/ywgz?contentId=5544f2de5f7d45708d31907516465db7&navToId=1d09171991c04352a768543c5caf54f3">原始内容</a>存档于2018-03-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xjyw.gov.cn%2Fywgz%3FcontentId%3D5544f2de5f7d45708d31907516465db7%26navToId%3D1d09171991c04352a768543c5caf54f3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="史記">史記</a>·十二諸侯年表序》曰：“自孔子論史記次春秋，七十子之徒，口受其傳，魯君子左丘明懼弟子人人異端，各安其意，失其真，故因孔子史記具論其語，成左氏春秋。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史記·裴駰集解序》司馬貞《索隱》說：“仲尼作《春秋經》，魯史左丘明作傳，合三十篇，故曰《左氏傳》。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">劉歆《移太常博士書》：「……及春秋左氏，丘明所修。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《汉书·艺文志》著录有“《左氏传》三十卷”。班固自注云：“左丘明，鲁太史”。刘歆亦谓：“《春秋左氏》，邱明所修”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E7%A9%86" title="錢穆">錢穆</a>《諸子繫年吳起傳左氏春秋考》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《春秋考》卷三：“殆戰國周秦之之間人無疑也。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">鄭樵《六經奧論》卷四</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">朱熹《朱子語錄卷八十三》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%AA%E7%BB%8F%E8%80%83" title="新学伪经考">新学伪经考</a>·汉书艺文志辨伪》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">錢穆《刘向歆父子年表》：“刘向卒在成帝绥和元年，刘歆复领五经在二年，争立古文经博士在哀帝建平元年，去向卒不逾二年，去歆领校五经才数月。谓歆遍伪群经，在向未死之前乎？将向既卒之后乎？向未死之前，歆已遍伪诸经，向何弗知？不可通一也。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《青铜时代·述吴起》中认为：“吴起去魏奔楚而任要职，必已早通其国史；既为儒者而曾仕于鲁，当亦读鲁之《春秋》；为卫人而久仕于魏，则晋之《乘》亦当为所娴习；然则所谓《左氏春秋》或《左氏国语》者，可能是吴起就各国史乘加以纂集而成。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">衛聚賢在《<左傳>的研究》：“子夏居西河，為魏文侯師。時晉都在魏所轄，子夏得晉國史稿而著《左傳》，故《左傳》記晉事特多。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E7%82%8E%E6%AD%A6" title="顾炎武">顾炎武</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%9F%A5%E5%BD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="日知录">日知录</a>﹣卷四》中说：“《左氏》之书，成之者非一人，录之者非一世，可谓富矣。而夫子当时未必见也，史之所不书，则虽圣人所不知焉者。……《左氏传》采列国之史而作者也。故所书晋事，自文公主夏盟，政交于中国，则以列国之史参之，而一从周正；自惠公以前，则间用夏正。其不出于一人，是矣。”<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E9%BC%90" title="姚鼐">姚鼐</a>《左传补注序》又说：“左氏之书非出一人所成。自左丘明作传以授曾申，申传吴起，起传其子期，期传楚人铎椒，椒传赵人虞卿，虞卿传荀卿。盖后人屡有附益。其为丘明说经之旧及为后人所益者，今不知孰为多寡矣。”錢穆《諸子繫年吳起傳左氏春秋考》：“姚鼐則以為左氏書非出一人，累有附益，而由吳起之徒為之者蓋多。……韓非書中‘吳起，衛左氏中人也’。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%92" title="徐中舒">徐中舒</a>. 《左传的作者及其成书年代》. 左传选. 中国史学名著选. 中华书局. 1963-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E6%88%90%E4%B9%A6%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3%E3%80%8B&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%92&rft.btitle=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%89&rft.date=1963-09&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80&rft.series=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D%E8%91%97%E9%80%89&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%87%89%E9%BA%9F" title="王應麟">王應麟</a>《困學記聞·六》曰：“王介甫疑左氏春秋為六國十人者十一事。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《洙泗考信录·余录》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602075553/http://news.ifeng.com/mainland/detail_2012_04/25/14151491_0.shtml">战国楚简在杭州公开亮相证实《左传》真实性</a>. 凤凰网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2012年4月25日]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ifeng.com/mainland/detail_2012_04/25/14151491_0.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2020年6月2日）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%A5%9A%E7%AE%80%E5%9C%A8%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E4%BA%AE%E7%9B%B8+%E8%AF%81%E5%AE%9E%E3%80%8A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0%E3%80%8B%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E6%80%A7&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ifeng.com%2Fmainland%2Fdetail_2012_04%2F25%2F14151491_0.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170215174913/http://gmw.cn/sixiang/2012-05/28/content_4225587.htm">邢文：浙大藏简辨伪（上）</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-09-19</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmw.cn/sixiang/2012-05/28/content_4225587.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2017-02-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E9%82%A2%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%AE%80%E8%BE%A8%E4%BC%AA%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%8A%EF%BC%89&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmw.cn%2Fsixiang%2F2012-05%2F28%2Fcontent_4225587.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151023224112/http://gmw.cn/xueshu/2012-06/04/content_4269545.htm">邢文：浙大藏简辨伪（下）</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-09-19</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmw.cn/xueshu/2012-06/04/content_4269545.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2015-10-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E9%82%A2%E6%96%87%EF%BC%9A%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%AE%80%E8%BE%A8%E4%BC%AA%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%8B%EF%BC%89&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmw.cn%2Fxueshu%2F2012-06%2F04%2Fcontent_4269545.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201144314/http://www.dfdaily.com/html/150/2012/6/5/802511.shtml">“浙大简”遭质疑整理者称不必回应</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-09-19</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dfdaily.com/html/150/2012/6/5/802511.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2014-02-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E2%80%9C%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%AE%80%E2%80%9D%E9%81%AD%E8%B4%A8%E7%96%91+%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86%E8%80%85%E7%A7%B0%E4%B8%8D%E5%BF%85%E5%9B%9E%E5%BA%94&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dfdaily.com%2Fhtml%2F150%2F2012%2F6%2F5%2F802511.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://culture.gmw.cn/2012-06/18/content_4370197.htm">浙大楚简毋庸置疑——从文本角度论浙大楚简的真实性</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-09-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091401/http://culture.gmw.cn/2012-06/18/content_4370197.htm">存档</a>于2013-03-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%9A%E7%AE%80+%E6%AF%8B%E5%BA%B8%E7%BD%AE%E7%96%91%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%BB%8E%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E8%A7%92%E5%BA%A6%E8%AE%BA%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E6%A5%9A%E7%AE%80%E7%9A%84%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E6%80%A7&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fculture.gmw.cn%2F2012-06%2F18%2Fcontent_4370197.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2012-06/25/nw.D110000gmrb_20120625_2-15.htm?div=-1">浙大藏简再辨伪——文本复原的关联性与浙大伪简再批判</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-09-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101160635/http://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2012-06/25/nw.D110000gmrb_20120625_2-15.htm?div=-1">存档</a>于2020-11-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.btitle=%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%AE%80%E5%86%8D%E8%BE%A8%E4%BC%AA%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%8D%E5%8E%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E8%81%94%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%99%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%AA%E7%AE%80%E5%86%8D%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepaper.gmw.cn%2Fgmrb%2Fhtml%2F2012-06%2F25%2Fnw.D110000gmrb_20120625_2-15.htm%3Fdiv%3D-1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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</li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nfmedia.com/nfzm/content/2012-07/20/content_51350484.htm">再论浙大简的真伪——答邢文先生</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2017年12月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《朱子语类》:“林黄中谓《左传》‘君子曰’是刘歆之辞。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-君子曰-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-君子曰_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">黃翠芬. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.lib.cyut.edu.tw:8080/bitstream/310901800/10431/3/1-6.PDF">《左傳》「君子曰」考詮</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 朝陽學報. 1996.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%B7%A6%E5%82%B3%E3%80%8B%E3%80%8C%E5%90%9B%E5%AD%90%E6%9B%B0%E3%80%8D%E8%80%83%E8%A9%AE&rft.au=%E9%BB%83%E7%BF%A0%E8%8A%AC&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E6%9C%9D%E9%99%BD%E5%AD%B8%E5%A0%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.lib.cyut.edu.tw%3A8080%2Fbitstream%2F310901800%2F10431%2F3%2F1-6.PDF&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">平勢隆郎著，李彥樺譯，《從城市國家到中華》，台灣商務印書館，2018年</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《汉书·楚元王传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="晋书">晋书</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%8E%A5_(%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="王接 (晋朝)">王接</a>传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%85%89%E6%86%B2" title="孫光憲">孫光憲</a>，《北夢瑣言》卷一</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">杜预《春秋释例》统计《左传》对《春秋》凡例的说明共有50条，即所谓“五十凡”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A0%82%E4%B9%A6%E9%92%9E" title="北堂书钞">北堂书钞</a>·卷第九十五·艺文部一·春秋五》：贺子云，左氏之传，史之极也，文采若云月，高深若山海。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《左传》<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E8%A5%84%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="魯襄公">襄公</a>二十九年</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%B9%A6" title="汉书">汉书</a>・儒林传》：“汉兴，北平侯张苍及梁太傅贾谊、京兆尹张敞、太中大夫刘公子皆修《春秋左氏传》。谊为《左氏传》训故，授赵人贯公，为河间献王博士，子长卿为荡阴令，授清河张禹长子。禹与萧望之同时为御史，数为望之言《左氏》，望之善之，上书数以称说。后望之为太子太傅，荐禹于宣帝，征禹待诏，未及问，会疾死。授尹更始，更始传子咸及翟方进、胡常。常授黎阳贾护季君，哀帝时待诏为郎，授苍梧陈钦子佚，以《左传》授王莽，至将军。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">杜预《春秋左氏传﹣序》<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%A2%96%E8%BE%BE" title="孔颖达">孔颖达</a>疏</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="晋书">晋书</a>·杜预传》所言：“（杜）预尝称（王）济有马癖，（和）峤有钱癖。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E7%82%8E" title="司馬炎">武帝</a>闻之，谓预曰：‘卿有何癖?’对曰：‘臣有《左传》癖。’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91%E5%A4%96%E8%A8%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通鑑外記（页面不存在）">通鑑外記</a>》卷十</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">梁啟超《要籍解讀及其讀法》。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">梁啟超《要籍解讀及其讀法》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%86%99%E8%BD%BD" title="刘熙载">刘熙载</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%A6%82" title="艺概">艺概</a>·文概》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%B8%AB%E5%9F%B9" title="劉師培">劉師培</a>：《群经大义相通论》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97" title="三國志">三國志</a>·魏書》卷十三注引<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%9A%E8%B1%A2" title="魚豢">魚豢</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%95%A5" title="魏略">魏略</a>》：“豢又常從（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%97%E7%A6%A7" title="隗禧">隗禧</a>）問《左氏傳》，禧答曰：‘……《左氏》直相斫書耳，不足精意也。’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《后汉书》卷六十九</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史通·申左篇》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">刘知几《史通·杂说上》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%AD%90%E8%AF%AD%E7%B1%BB" title="朱子语类">朱子语类</a>》卷八十三</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《读〈左〉卮言》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《艺概·文概》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《中国历史要籍解题及其读法·读左传法之二》</span> </li> </ol></div> <p>第14條引文 ^ <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%87%89%E9%BA%9F" title="王應麟">王應麟</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%B0%E5%AD%B8%E7%B4%80%E8%81%9E" title="困學紀聞">困學記聞</a>·六》曰：“王介甫疑左氏春秋為六國（十）【時】人者十一事。” 四部叢刊景元本以及明萬曆刻本中俱為“六國時人”，而非“十人”此處有誤。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="研究参考书目"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E4.B9.A6.E7.9B.AE"></span>研究参考书目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：研究参考书目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <p>下列為歷代研究《左傳》的書目： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="晋朝">晋朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A2%84" title="杜预">杜预</a>《春秋经传集解》，现存最早的《左传》注解。 <ul><li>《四部丛刊》30卷本（附《年表》1卷）</li> <li>《四部备要》称《春秋左氏传杜氏集解》30卷（附《年号归一图》和《年表》）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="上海人民出版社">上海人民出版社</a>《四部丛刊》宋刻本影印本，名《春秋左传集解》1977年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%B1%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="上海古籍出版社">上海古籍出版社</a>修订再版上海人民出版社《春秋左传集解》，名《春秋经传集解》，1989年ISBN 7-80569-058-8</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%A2%96%E8%BE%BE" title="孔颖达">孔颖达</a>《春秋左传正义》，注疏本，60卷。ISBN 7-301-04724 北京大学出版社，2000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="陆德明">陆德明</a>《经典释文》左传卷</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>《春秋解》1卷，已佚。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E4%BA%AE%E5%90%89" title="洪亮吉">洪亮吉</a>《春秋左传诂》<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7532517330" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-5325-1733-0</a> 上海古籍出版社，1994</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%95%E4%B9%8B" title="王引之">王引之</a>著《经义述闻》左传卷，ISBN：780643173X，江苏古籍出版社，2000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%96%87%E6%B7%87" title="劉文淇">刘文淇</a>等《春秋左氏传旧注疏证》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%96%87%E6%B7%87" title="劉文淇">刘文淇</a>《左传旧疏考证》8卷</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A5%E4%B9%A6%E4%B8%9A" title="童书业">童书业</a>《春秋左传研究》<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="上海人民出版社">上海人民出版社</a>，1980年。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%B5%E5%85%89%E8%B4%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赵光贤（页面不存在）">赵光贤</a>《春秋与左传》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E4%BB%81%E7%94%AB" class="mw-disambig" title="徐仁甫">徐仁甫</a>《左传疏证》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="四川人民出版社">四川人民出版社</a>，1981年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%95%E4%B9%90%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="何乐士（页面不存在）">何乐士</a>《左传虚词研究》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%B0%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="商务印书馆">商务印书馆</a>，1989年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7100000572" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-100-00057-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%88%E7%8E%89%E6%88%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沈玉成（页面不存在）">沈玉成</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%81" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="刘宁">刘宁</a>《春秋左传学史稿》，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E5%8F%A4%E7%B1%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="江苏古籍出版社">江苏古籍出版社</a>，1992年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7805193800" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-80519-380-0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%99%E7%BB%BF%E6%80%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孙绿怡（页面不存在）">孙绿怡</a>《左传与中国古典小说》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="北京大学出版社">北京大学出版社</a>，1992年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7301017391" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-301-01739-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8D%E5%A6%88%E5%96%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伍妈喜（页面不存在）">伍妈喜</a>《春秋左氏传古注辑考》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="学海出版社（页面不存在）">学海出版社</a>，1982年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%8B%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="程南洲（页面不存在）">程南洲</a>《春秋左传贾奎注与杜预注之比较研究》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E6%96%87%E6%B4%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="台湾文津出版社（页面不存在）">台湾文津出版社</a>，1982年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E7%AB%AF%E7%A9%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张端穗（页面不存在）">张端穗</a>《左传思想探微》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="学海出版社（页面不存在）">学海出版社</a>，1987年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BE%E5%8B%A4%E8%89%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曾勤良（页面不存在）">曾勤良</a>《左传引诗赋诗之诗教研究》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E6%B4%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文津出版社（页面不存在）">文津出版社</a>，1993年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9576680794" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 957-668-079-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%82%85%E9%9A%B6%E6%9C%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="傅隶朴（页面不存在）">傅隶朴</a>《春秋三传比义》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%8B%E8%B0%8A%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中国友谊出版公司（页面不存在）">中国友谊出版公司</a>，1984年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E9%A2%89%E5%88%9A" title="顾颉刚">顾颉刚</a>《春秋三传及国语之综合研究》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%9C%80%E4%B9%A6%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴蜀书社（页面不存在）">巴蜀书社</a>，1988年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/780523146X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-80523-146-X</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B0%A2%E7%A7%80%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="谢秀文（页面不存在）">谢秀文</a>《春秋三传考异》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E5%93%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文史哲出版社（页面不存在）">文史哲出版社</a>，1984年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%A6%E5%8D%AB%E5%BF%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="浦卫忠（页面不存在）">浦卫忠</a>《春秋三传综合研究》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E6%B4%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文津出版社（页面不存在）">文津出版社</a>，1995年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9576682835" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 957-668-283-5</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E4%BC%AF%E5%B3%BB" title="杨伯峻">杨伯峻</a>《春秋左传注》，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="中华书局有限公司">中华书局</a>，1981年，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7101002625" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7101002625</a>(2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E4%BC%AF%E5%B3%BB" title="杨伯峻">杨伯峻</a>《春秋左传注》，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="中华书局有限公司">中华书局</a>，1990年，ISBN：9787101002621（1990）（该版对80年代版有重大修正，堪称<b>左传</b>注疏的第二次里程碑式的著作——第一次是<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="晋">晋</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%A2%84" title="杜预">杜预</a>的《春秋经传集解》）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E4%BC%AF%E7%A5%A5%EF%BC%88%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%AE%B6%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王伯祥（文史研究家）（页面不存在）">王伯祥</a>《左传读本》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%BA%97" title="开明书店">开明书店</a>，1940年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E4%B8%9C%E6%B6%A6" title="朱东润">朱东润</a>《左传选》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="上海古典文学出版社（页面不存在）">上海古典文学出版社</a>，1956年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%92" title="徐中舒">徐中舒</a>《左传选》</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%88%E7%8E%89%E6%88%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沈玉成（页面不存在）">沈玉成</a>《左传译文》，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="中华书局有限公司">中华书局</a>，1981年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E8%9B%BB%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="瞿蛻園">瞿蜕园</a>《左传选译》，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%B1%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="上海古籍出版社">上海古籍出版社</a>，1982年</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%97%E6%96%B0%E6%A8%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="林新樵（页面不存在）">林新樵</a>《左传选》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福建教育出版社（页面不存在）">福建教育出版社</a>，1985年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%97%E4%BE%97" title="李宗侗">李宗侗</a>《春秋左传今注今译》，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%B0%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾商务印书馆">台湾商务印书馆</a>，1984年</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%88%E8%AC%99" title="王守謙">王守谦</a>《左传全译》，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="贵州人民出版社">贵州人民出版社</a>，1990年 <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7221015716" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-221-01571-6</a></li> <li>王靖宇：《左傳與傳統小說論集》（北京：北京大學出版社，1989）。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%9C%AC%E6%B1%89" title="高本汉">高本汉</a>《左传真伪考》、《左传注释》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%95%E8%A1%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安井衡（页面不存在）">安井衡</a>《左传辑释》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%B9%E6%B7%BB%E5%85%89%E9%B8%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="竹添光鸿（页面不存在）">竹添光鸿</a>《左传会笺》</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks" style="float: right;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230230" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q230230"><span class="nomobile">在维基数据</span>编<span class="nomobile">辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </p> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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