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Calenda - Familles en (contre-)r茅volution, (contre-)r茅volution en famille

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En effet, la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise constitue un s&eacute;isme politique d&rsquo;une rare ampleur qui se r&eacute;percute jusque dans la cellule familiale, plong&eacute;e dans des situations de conflictualit&eacute; qui minent sa coh&eacute;sion, son &eacute;quilibre, son fonctionnement. Si certains travaux pionniers ont montr&eacute; la possibilit&eacute; et, surtout, l&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t de p&eacute;n&eacute;trer dans l&rsquo;intimit&eacute; politique des acteurs, aucune synth&egrave;se r&eacute;cente n&rsquo;a &eacute;t&eacute; consacr&eacute;e au sujet. Ainsi, ce colloque a pour ambition de mieux comprendre comment sont per&ccedil;us et v&eacute;cus, de l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur, les nombreux clivages politiques (au sens large) qui fracturent la soci&eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;volutionnaire et la fabrique familiale de leur(s) m&eacute;moire(s). L&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;te invite &agrave; adopter un cadre g&eacute;ographique (France et ses colonies, Europe de l&rsquo;&eacute;migration) et chronologique (1789 et au-del&agrave;) large tout en multipliant les angles d&rsquo;approche (micro-analyse, monographie familiale, &eacute;chantillon de plusieurs familles, etc.).</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div id="annonce-891849-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">&laquo;&nbsp;Guerre aux ch&acirc;teaux, paix aux chaumi&egrave;res&nbsp;&raquo; d&eacute;cr&egrave;te la Convention nationale en d&eacute;cembre 1792, peu apr&egrave;s la victoire de Jemmapes. Pour autant, l&rsquo;harmonie r&egrave;gne-t-elle v&eacute;ritablement dans les m&eacute;nages, confront&eacute;s &agrave; un s&eacute;isme politique d&rsquo;une rare ampleur plongeant de nombreuses familles dans des situations de conflictualit&eacute; qui minent leur coh&eacute;sion et leur &eacute;quilibre, mettant ainsi de nombreuses chaumi&egrave;res sous tension ?</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les renouvellements historiographiques de l&rsquo;histoire de la famille, de l&rsquo;histoire des femmes et de l&rsquo;histoire sociale de la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise (Marie-Fran&ccedil;oise L&eacute;vy 1991&nbsp;; Philippe Daumas 2003&nbsp;; Anne Verjus et Denise Richardson, 2011) ont consid&eacute;rablement fait progresser nos connaissances des comportements familiaux en situation r&eacute;volutionnaire&nbsp;: relations au sein du couple, rapports parents/enfants ou fr&egrave;res et s&oelig;urs (Anne Verjus, 2010&nbsp;; Jacques Andr&eacute;, 1993), pratiques religieuses familiales pendant et apr&egrave;s la &laquo;&nbsp;Terreur&nbsp;&raquo;, repr&eacute;sentations (Lynn Hunt, 1992), etc. Mais qu&rsquo;en est-il de l&rsquo;engagement politique et du positionnement id&eacute;ologique dans les familles&nbsp;? La politique est-elle une &laquo;&nbsp;affaire de famille&nbsp;&raquo; ? En effet, si divers travaux ont montr&eacute; la forte perm&eacute;abilit&eacute;, sinon l&rsquo;effacement des fronti&egrave;res, entre la sph&egrave;re familiale et le politique - ou, pour le dire autrement, entre le priv&eacute; et l&rsquo;espace public - (Jean Bethke Elshtain, 1982, Genevi&egrave;ve Fraisse, 2000) -, la question se pose avec acuit&eacute; pour la p&eacute;riode r&eacute;volutionnaire, pour laquelle les recherches de l&rsquo;historienne Suzanne Desan ont montr&eacute; qu&rsquo;on ne pouvait plus opposer un espace public politis&eacute; &agrave; un espace familial priv&eacute; qui en serait pr&eacute;serv&eacute;, la &laquo;&nbsp;politique domestique&nbsp;&raquo; prolongeant ainsi la sph&egrave;re publique r&eacute;volutionn&eacute;e (Suzanne Desan, 2004).</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Si la famille interf&egrave;re avec le politique bien avant la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise, le processus r&eacute;volutionnaire refond la relation famille/politique. En effet, en &eacute;largissant la sph&egrave;re politique &agrave; un plus grand nombre d&rsquo;acteurs et d&rsquo;actrices et en multipliant les objets de conflits et de clivages, la R&eacute;volution red&eacute;finit le rapport au politique et s&rsquo;infiltre dans de nombreux foyers, mobilisant, d&eacute;stabilisant ou divisant m&eacute;nages et parent&egrave;les. En outre, comme l&rsquo;a montr&eacute; Jennifer Heuer, famille et Nation, forment deux entit&eacute;s juridiques, imposant des devoirs &agrave; leurs membres, notamment d&rsquo;ob&eacute;issance et de fid&eacute;lit&eacute;, qui entrent en concurrence d&egrave;s les premi&egrave;res ann&eacute;es de la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise (Jennifer Heuer, 2005). D&egrave;s lors, la R&eacute;volution cr&eacute;e un paradoxe in&eacute;dit dans lequel les individus peuvent &ecirc;tre conduits &agrave; devoir choisir entre loyaut&eacute; familiale (&eacute;pouse ou enfant envers le <em>pater familias</em>) et loyaut&eacute; envers la Nation. Tiraill&eacute;es entre plusieurs appartenances (&laquo;&nbsp;soci&eacute;t&eacute; naturelle&nbsp;&raquo; et soci&eacute;t&eacute; politique, &laquo;&nbsp;gouvernement domestique&nbsp;&raquo; et gouvernement politique) qui ne se recoupent pas toujours, et confront&eacute;es &agrave; ces contradictions, les familles ne r&eacute;agissent pas de mani&egrave;re uniforme. En d&rsquo;autre terme, la R&eacute;volution peut resserrer des liens, souder les membres d&rsquo;une parent&egrave;le face &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;preuve, ou, au contraire, &eacute;loigner et d&eacute;sunir.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">En d&eacute;pit de quelques travaux pionniers et dispers&eacute;s (Anne Rolland-Boulestreau, 2004), aucune synth&egrave;se r&eacute;cente n&rsquo;a &eacute;t&eacute; consacr&eacute;e &agrave; ces questions. Dans le prolongement de l&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;te sur l&rsquo;amiti&eacute; en R&eacute;volution (organis&eacute;e par C&ocirc;me Simien, Universit&eacute; Paris 1 Panth&eacute;on-Sorbonne, Philippe Bourdin, Cyril Triolaire, Karine Rance, Universit&eacute; Clermont-Auvergne, en partenariat avec la Soci&eacute;t&eacute; des &eacute;tudes robespierristes), ce colloque se propose d&rsquo;interroger, &agrave; nouveaux frais, l&rsquo;incidence de la politisation dans les relations familiales et inversement.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Depuis une vingtaine d&rsquo;ann&eacute;es, la multiplication des enqu&ecirc;tes mobilisant les &eacute;crits du for priv&eacute; et autres archives de l&rsquo;intime offre &agrave; l&rsquo;historien l&rsquo;opportunit&eacute; de s&rsquo;immiscer dans les coulisses et d&rsquo;enrichir sensiblement son analyse en lui apportant une dimension in&eacute;dite. Cette rencontre scientifique invite &agrave; d&eacute;centrer les regards, en p&eacute;n&eacute;trant dans la plus stricte intimit&eacute; des acteurs, pour appr&eacute;hender l'engagement politique des individus au prisme de la cellule familiale. En adoptant un cadre g&eacute;ographique (France, colonies, Europe de l&rsquo;&eacute;migration) et chronologique large, il s&rsquo;agira, en multipliant les angles d&rsquo;approche (micro-analyse, monographie familiale sur la longue dur&eacute;e, &eacute;chantillon de plusieurs familles, etc.) de mieux comprendre comment sont per&ccedil;us et v&eacute;cus, de l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur, les nombreux clivages politiques (au sens large) qui agitent et fracturent la soci&eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;volutionnaire.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Le pr&eacute;sent colloque se propose d&rsquo;explorer trois axes principaux (qui n&rsquo;ont rien d&rsquo;exhaustifs)&nbsp;:</p> <h3>Faire la R&eacute;volution/Contre-r&eacute;volution en famille &nbsp;</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Ce premier axe s&rsquo;int&eacute;ressera aux engagements politiques partag&eacute;s par plusieurs membres d&rsquo;une m&ecirc;me famille&nbsp;: le p&egrave;re et ses enfants, les fratries, comme dans le c&eacute;l&egrave;bre cas des fr&egrave;res Lameth, sans oublier les couples, etc. En effet, des &eacute;tudes r&eacute;centes (Si&acirc;n Reynolds, 2012&nbsp;; Annie Duprat, 2016&nbsp;; Herv&eacute; Leuwers, 2018) insistent sur la forte politisation de certains couples de notables. Mais qu&rsquo;en est-il des autres cat&eacute;gories sociales&nbsp;? Les conjoints et les conjointes &eacute;pousent-ils &eacute;galement &ndash; et jusqu&rsquo;&agrave; quel point &ndash; les id&eacute;es politiques nouvelles&nbsp;? En mettant l&rsquo;accent sur le couple, il s&rsquo;agira notamment d&rsquo;apporter un autre regard sur la place des femmes dans les mobilisations politiques r&eacute;volutionnaires. Par ailleurs, ce premier axe sera &eacute;galement l&rsquo;occasion de s&rsquo;interroger sur la port&eacute;e politique et symbolique du choix de fonder une famille. En effet, pour certains individus, priv&eacute;s de ce droit sous l&rsquo;Ancien R&eacute;gime, tels que les eccl&eacute;siastiques qui choisissent de se marier, fonder une famille constitue un acte politique particuli&egrave;rement fort (Xavier Mar&eacute;chaux 2017, Claire Cage 2015).</p> <h3>Familles d&eacute;chir&eacute;es, familles r&eacute;concili&eacute;es</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Les membres d&rsquo;une m&ecirc;me famille ne partagent pas toujours les m&ecirc;mes opinions, tant s&rsquo;en faut. Les fr&egrave;res Mirabeau en fournissent un parfait exemple. Par cons&eacute;quent, des antagonismes peuvent se manifester au sein du m&eacute;nage ou d&rsquo;une parent&egrave;le et menacer son &eacute;quilibre en accentuant des tensions pr&eacute;existantes. Le facteur religieux constitue une entr&eacute;e particuli&egrave;rement int&eacute;ressante pour appr&eacute;hender ces crises &laquo;&nbsp;internes&nbsp;&raquo; (Paul Chopelin, 2010). Cet axe se propose de comprendre quelles peuvent &ecirc;tre les r&eacute;percussions familiales d&rsquo;engagements politiques diff&eacute;rents. Per&ccedil;oit-on des tensions dans les couples, des conflits interg&eacute;n&eacute;rationnels, d&eacute;chirant parents et enfants, politiquement oppos&eacute;s&nbsp;? Jusqu&rsquo;o&ugrave; les antagonismes r&eacute;volutionnaires peuvent-ils conduire les membres d&rsquo;une m&ecirc;me parent&egrave;le&nbsp;? Une rupture irr&eacute;m&eacute;diable est-elle possible ou la survivance de liens familiaux, bien que tr&egrave;s distendus, permet-elle d&rsquo;entretenir un certain dialogue au plus fort des crises politiques&nbsp;? Il s&rsquo;agira, enfin, de comprendre comment ces familles d&eacute;chir&eacute;es se reconstruisent et se r&eacute;concilient apr&egrave;s la R&eacute;volution. Anne Rolland-Boulestreau a r&eacute;cemment montr&eacute; que la r&eacute;conciliation familiale constitue un pr&eacute;alable indispensable &agrave; la pacification dans une zone de guerre civile comme les Mauges (Anne Rolland-Boulestreau, 2019).</p> <h3>Exp&eacute;rience (contre-)r&eacute;volutionnaire et transmission politique familiale&nbsp;dans la (longue) dur&eacute;e</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">L&rsquo;objectif de ce dernier axe est de comprendre comment dans certaines familles se transmet un certain h&eacute;ritage politique, assum&eacute; et renforc&eacute; g&eacute;n&eacute;ration apr&egrave;s g&eacute;n&eacute;ration, comme dans le cas des Carnot, c&eacute;l&egrave;bre dynastie r&eacute;publicaine. Comment se constitue, s&rsquo;entretient, et se transmet une m&eacute;moire politique familiale (r&eacute;volutionnaire ou contre-r&eacute;volutionnaire) et jusqu'&agrave; quand perdure cet h&eacute;ritage politique et familial ? Il s&rsquo;agira d&rsquo;inscrire ce dernier axe dans le prolongement de travaux classiques sur les transmissions politiques et m&eacute;morielles interg&eacute;n&eacute;rationnelles, comme ceux de Sergio Luzzato (1991) ou de Louis Hincker (2008).</p> <h1>Modalit&eacute;s de proposition</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Le colloque se tiendra les vendredi 1er avril et samedi 2 avril 2022 &agrave; Valence (Dr&ocirc;me). Chaque communication devra durer 20 min.</p> <h3>Les propositions doivent &ecirc;tre envoy&eacute;es au plus tard le 15 octobre 2021</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">&agrave; l&rsquo;adresse suivante : nicolas.soulas@ac-aix-marseille.fr</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les propositions de communication doivent comprendre les informations suivantes :</p> <ul> <li>Nom, Pr&eacute;nom et courriel ;</li> <li>Titre de la communication et r&eacute;sum&eacute; en 2000 signes maximum ;</li> <li>Une br&egrave;ve bio-bibliographie.</li> </ul> <h3>Le comit&eacute; d&rsquo;organisation r&eacute;pondra aux propositions avant le 15 d&eacute;cembre 2021.</h3> <p style="text-align: left;">Les frais d&rsquo;h&eacute;bergement, de d&eacute;placement et la restauration sont pris en charge par le colloque. La publication des actes du colloque est pr&eacute;vue.</p> <h1>Coordination&nbsp;</h1> <ul> <li>Paul Chopelin, ma&icirc;tre de conf&eacute;rence en histoire moderne &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; Lyon 3 (LARHRA UMR 5190)</li> <li>Boris Deschanel, ma&icirc;tre de conf&eacute;rence en histoire moderne &agrave; Avignon Universit&eacute; (Centre Norbert Elias UMR 8562)</li> <li>Virginie Martin, ma&icirc;tresse de conf&eacute;rence en histoire moderne &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; Paris 1 Panth&eacute;on-Sorbonne (IHMC-IHRF UMR 8066)</li> <li>Nicolas Soulas, docteur en histoire moderne, chercheur associ&eacute; au LARHRA (UMR 5190)</li> </ul> <h1>Comit&eacute; scientifique</h1> <ul> <li>Michel Biard, Universit&eacute; de Rouen</li> <li>Annie Duprat, Universit&eacute; de Cergy-Pontoise</li> <li>Louis Hincker, Universit&eacute; de Clermont-Auvergne</li> <li>Anne de Mathan, Normandie Universit&eacute;</li> <li>Anne-Rolland Boulestreau, Universit&eacute; catholique de l&rsquo;Ouest</li> <li>Herv&eacute; Leuwers, Universit&eacute; de Lille</li> </ul> <h1>Bibliographie&nbsp;(non exhaustive)</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">cit&eacute;e dans l&rsquo;argumentaire :</p> <ul> <li>Jacques Andr&eacute;, <em>La R&eacute;volution fratricide. Essai de psychanalyse du lien social</em>, Paris, PUF, 1993.</li> <li>Jean Bethke Elshtain (dir.), <em>The Family in Political Thought</em>, Brighton, The Harvester Press, 1982.</li> <li>Claire Cage, <em>Unnatural frenchmen. The politics of priestly celibacy and marriage 1720-1815</em>, Charlottesville, University of Virginia Press, 2015.</li> <li>Paul Chopelin, <em>Ville patriote et ville martyre&nbsp;: </em><em>Lyon,</em><em>l'&Eacute;glise et la R&eacute;volution, 1788-1805</em>, Paris, Letouzey &amp; An&eacute;, 2010.</li> <li>Philippe Daumas, <em>Familles en R&eacute;volution. Vie et relations familiales en &Icirc;le-de-France, changements et continuit&eacute;s (1775-1825)</em>, Rennes, PUR, 2003.</li> <li>Suzanne Desan, <em>The Family on trial in Revolutionary France</em>, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 2004.</li> <li>Annie Duprat, <em>&laquo;&nbsp;Les affaires d&rsquo;&Eacute;tat sont mes affaires de c&oelig;ur. Lettres de Rosalie Jullien, une femme dans la R&eacute;volution 1775-1810</em>, Paris, Belin, 2016.</li> <li>Genevi&egrave;ve Fraisse, <em>Les deux gouvernements&nbsp;: la famille et la Cit&eacute;</em>, Paris, Gallimard, 2000.</li> <li>Jennifer Ngaire Heuer, <em>The Family and the Nation. Gender and Citizenship in Revolutionary France, 1789-1830</em>, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 2005.</li> <li>Louis Hincker, <em>Citoyens-combattants &agrave; Paris 1848-1851</em>, Villeneuve d&rsquo;Ascq, Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2008.</li> <li>Lynn Hunt, <em>Le roman familial de la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise</em>, Paris, Albin Michel, 1995 [1992].</li> <li>Herv&eacute; Leuwers, <em>Camille et Lucile Desmoulins&nbsp;: un r&ecirc;ve de R&eacute;publique</em>, Paris, Fayard, 2018.</li> <li>Marie-Fran&ccedil;oise L&eacute;vy (dir.), <em>L&rsquo;enfant, la famille et la R&eacute;volution fran&ccedil;aise</em>, Paris, Orban, 1989.</li> <li>Sergio Luzzato, <em>M&eacute;moire de la Terreur. Vieux montagnards et jeunes r&eacute;publicains au XIX<sup>e </sup>si&egrave;cle</em>, Lyon, PUL, 1991.</li> <li>Xavier Mar&eacute;chaux, <em>Noces r&eacute;volutionnaires. Le mariage des pr&ecirc;tres en France 1789-1815</em>, Paris, Vend&eacute;miaire, 2017.</li> <li>Si&acirc;n Reynolds, <em>Marriage and Revolution. Monsieur and Madame Roland</em>, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012.</li> <li>Anne Rolland-Boulestreau, <em>Les notables des Mauges. Communaut&eacute;s rurales et R&eacute;volution (1750-1830)</em>, Rennes, PUR, 2004.</li> <li>Anne Rolland-Boulestreau, <em>Guerre et paix en Vend&eacute;e 1794-1796</em>, Paris, Fayard, 2019.</li> <li>Anne Verjus, <em>Le cens de la famille&nbsp;: les femmes et le vote, 1789-1848</em>, Paris, Belin, 2002.</li> <li>Anne Verjus, <em>Le bon mari&nbsp;: une histoire politique des hommes et des femmes &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;poque r&eacute;volutionnaire</em>, Paris, Fayard, 2010.</li> <li>Anne Verjus, Denise Richardson, <em>Le roman conjugal. Chronique de la vie familiale &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;poque de la R&eacute;volution et de l&rsquo;Empire</em>, Seyssel, Champ Vallon, 2011.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Cat茅gories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=228">Histoire</a> (Cat茅gorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=302">P茅riodes</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=317">脡poque contemporaine</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=318">XIXe si猫cle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=200">Soci茅t茅s</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=241">脡tudes du politique</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=243">Histoire politique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=336">Am茅riques</a></li> <li><a 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id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>vendredi 15 octobre 2021</li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-cl茅s</p> <ul> <li>r茅volution, famille, conflit, politisation, m茅moire, longue dur茅e</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Nicolas Soulas<br/><em>courriel :</em> nicolas [dot] soulas [at] ac-aix-marseille [dot] fr<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Nicolas Soulas<br/><em>courriel :</em> nicolas [dot] soulas [at] ac-aix-marseille [dot] fr</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><img alt="CC0-1.0" class="cc" src="images/cc0-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise 脿 disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universel</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>芦 Familles en (contre-)r茅volution, (contre-)r茅volution en famille 禄, <span class="category">Appel 脿 contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publi茅 le mercredi 30 juin 2021, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/16w6">https://doi.org/10.58079/16w6</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('891849?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="891849?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" 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