{"title":"Shape Memory alloy Actuator System Optimization for New Hand Prostheses","authors":"Mogeeb A. Ahmed, Mona F. Taher, Sayed M. Metwalli","volume":61,"journal":"International Journal of Biomedical and Biological Engineering","pagesStart":18,"pagesEnd":24,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/8571","abstract":"Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have found a\nwide range of applications due to their unique properties such as high\nforce, small size, lightweight and silent operation. This paper presents\nthe development of compact (SMA) actuator and cooling system in\none unit. This actuator is developed for multi-fingered hand. It\nconsists of nickel-titanium (Nitinol) SMA wires in compact forming.\nThe new arrangement insulates SMA wires from the human body by\nhousing it in a heat sink and uses a thermoelectric device for rejecting\nheat to improve the actuator performance. The study uses\noptimization methods for selecting the SMA wires geometrical\nparameters and the material of a heat sink. The experimental work\nimplements the actuator prototype and measures its response.","references":"[1] V.O. Del Cura, \"A Study of the Different Types of Actuators and\nMechanisms for upper limb prostheses,\" Artificial Organs, 2003, pp:\n507-516.\n[2] C.S. Loh; H. Yokoi; T. Arai, \"New Shape Memory Alloy Actuator:\nDesign And Application In The Prosthetic Hand,\" Proceedings Of The\n2005 IEEE Engineering In Medicine And Biology 27th Annual\nConference Shanghai, China, 2005.\n[3] Dynalloy, Inc: http:\/\/www.dynalloy.com. Accessed on 2011.\n[4] K.J. De Laurentis; C. Mavroidis, \"Mechanical Design Of A Shape\nMemory Alloy Actuated Prosthetic Hand,\" Technology And Health\nCare, 2002, pp: 91-106.\n[5] K.T. O-Toole; M.M Mcgrath, \"Mechanical Design And Theoretical\nAnalysis Of A Four Fingered Prosthetic Hand Incorporating Embedded\nSMA Bundle Actuators,\" Proceedings Of World Academy Of Science\nEngineering And Technology, 2007.\n[6] V. Bundhoo; E. Haslam; B. Birch; E. A. Park, \"Shape Memory Alloy-\nBased Tendon-Driven Actuation System For Biomimetic Artificial\nFingers, Part I: Design And Evaluation,\" Robotica , April 2008, pp:131-\n146.\n[7] European thermodynamics: http:\/\/www.europeanthermodynamics.com.\nAccessed on 2011.\n[8] M.A. Ahmed; M.F. Taher; S.M. Metwalli, \"New optimum humanoid\nhand design for prosthetic applications,\" International Journal of\nArtificial Organs, Initial Acceptance October 2011.\n[9] S. Z. Shuja, \"Optimization Of A Finned Heat Sink Array Based On\nThermoeconomic Analysis,\" Int. J. Energy Research, 2007, pp: 455-\n471.\n[10] M.D. Rakib, \"Optimization of Heat Sinks with Flow Bypass Using\nEntropy Generation Minimization\", Msc. University of Waterloo, 2006.\n[11] W.A. Khan; M. M. Yovanovich; J.R. Culham, \"Optimization of\nMicrochannel Heat Sinks Using Entropy Generation Minimization\nMethod\", IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging\nTechnologies, 2009, Vol. 32 pp: 243 - 251\n[12] K. Ikuta; M. Tsukamoto; S. Hirose, \"Mathematical model and\nexperimental verification of shape memory alloy for designing micro\nactuator,\" in Proceedings of IEEE MEMS, Nara, Japan, 1991, pp. 103-\n108.\n[13] T. Coleman; M.A.Yin Zhang, \"Optimization Toolbox for Use with\nMATLAB R2007b,\" The MathWorks: Natick, MA, USA, 2007.\n[14] A. Pai, \"A phenomenological model of shape memory alloys including\ntime-varying stress,\" Master of Science, Waterloo Press, 2007.\n[15] A. Trivedi, \"Thermo-Mechanical Solutions in Electronic Packaging:\nComponent to System Level,\" Master of Science, Texas Press, 2008.\n[16] F. De Bona; M.G.H. Munteanu, \"Optimized flexural hinges for\ncompliant micromechanism,\" Analog integrated circuits and signal\nprocessing, 2005, pp: 163-174.\n[17] K. Cho; H.H. Asada, \"Architecture Design Of A Multiaxis Cellular\nActuator Array Using Segmented Binary Control Of Shape Memory\nAlloy,\" IEEE Transactions On Robotics, August 2006.\n[18] MJ. Mosley and C Mavroidis, \"Experimental Nonlinear Dynamics of a\nShape Memory Alloy Wire Bundle Actuator,\" Journal of Dynamic\nSystems, Measurement, and Control, 2001: pp 103-112.\n[19] M Mertmann and G Vergani, \"Design and application of shape memory\nactuators. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics,\" 2008 (158): pp 221-230.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 61, 2012"}